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<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en"> <head><meta charSet="UTF-8"/><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/><meta name="theme-color" content="#fbf0df"/><title>FFI – API | Bun Docs</title><meta name="description" content="Call native code from JavaScript with Bun's foreign function interface (FFI) API."/><meta name="og:site_name" content="Bun"/><meta name="og:title" content="FFI – API | Bun Docs"/><meta name="og:description" content="Call native code from JavaScript with Bun's foreign function interface (FFI) API."/><meta name="og:url" content="https://bun.sh/docs/api/ffi"/><meta name="og:image" content="https://bun.sh/og/docs/api/ffi.jpg"/><meta name="og:locale" content="en_US"/><meta name="og:type" content="website"/><meta name="twitter:site" content="@oven_sh"/><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/><script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "WebSite", "name": "Bun", "alternateName": "Bun", "url": 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border-bottom-left-radius: 5px; border-bottom-right-radius: 5px; border-bottom: none; } .CodeBlock .shiki { /* line-height: 20px; !important; */ line-height: 20px; padding: 3px 2.5rem 3px 1rem; border-radius: 0px; font-family: var(--monospace-font); margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; } .CodeBlock .CopyIcon { top: -1px; } .CodeBlock + .CodeBlock { margin-top: 15px; } .CodeBlock code { font-size: inherit; } @media (max-width: 640px) { /* .CodeBlock code { */ /* font-size: 0.8em; */ /* } */ } @media (max-width: 768px) { .CodeBlock > div { border-radius: 0px !important; border-top-left-radius: 0px; border-top-right-radius: 0px; border-bottom-left-radius: 0px; border-bottom-right-radius: 0px; } } .CodeTabs .CodeBlock { border-top-left-radius: 0px !important; border-top-right-radius: 0px !important; } .CodeTabs .CodeBlock > div { border-radius: 0px !important; } .CodeTabs { border-radius: 5px; overflow: hidden; } .CodeTabs .CodeBlockTab { display: none; } /* .CodeTabsHeader { */ /* 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5px; line-height: 18px; padding-right: 12px; } .CodeTabItem { display: none; } .CodeTabItem.active { display: block; } /* .CodeBlock:nth-child(even) .shiki { background-color: #2e3142 !important; } */ .PlusLine::before, .MinusLine::before { color: #ffffff; opacity: 0.5; left: 8px; top: -6px; position: relative; font-size: 13px; } .PlusLine::before { content: "+"; } .MinusLine::before { content: "-"; /* left: 7px; */ } .Identifier { font-family: var(--monospace-font); font-size: 1rem; color: #50fa7b !important; background-color: var(--gray-800); padding: 0.25rem; border-radius: 4px; text-decoration: none !important; } .PerformanceClaim { text-decoration: dashed underline 2px #000 !important; text-decoration-skip-ink: auto !important; text-underline-offset: 0.3rem !important; } .BarGraph.active { display: block !important; } @media (max-width: 767px) { .sm-full { margin: 0 calc(-1 * var(--horizontal-padding)); width: calc(100vw); border-radius: 0px; } } @media (max-width: 767px) { 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alt="GitHub logo" class="m-auto hidden h-[24px] dark:block"/></a></div><div class="min-w-[300px] overflow-y-scroll px-8 text-left" style="min-width:300px"><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 text-md" style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Intro</p><a href="/docs/index" slug="index" id="menu-item-index" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">What is Bun?</p></a><a href="/docs/installation" slug="installation" id="menu-item-installation" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Installation</p></a><a href="/docs/quickstart" slug="quickstart" id="menu-item-quickstart" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Quickstart</p></a><a href="/docs/typescript" slug="typescript" id="menu-item-typescript" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">TypeScript</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 text-md" style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Templating</p><a href="/docs/cli/init" slug="cli/init" id="menu-item-cli/init" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun init</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/bun-create" slug="cli/bun-create" id="menu-item-cli/bun-create" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun create</code></p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 text-md" style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Runtime</p><a href="/docs/cli/run" slug="cli/run" id="menu-item-cli/run" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun run</code></p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/loaders" slug="runtime/loaders" id="menu-item-runtime/loaders" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">File types</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/typescript" slug="runtime/typescript" id="menu-item-runtime/typescript" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">TypeScript</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/jsx" slug="runtime/jsx" id="menu-item-runtime/jsx" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">JSX</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/env" slug="runtime/env" id="menu-item-runtime/env" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Environment variables</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/bun-apis" slug="runtime/bun-apis" id="menu-item-runtime/bun-apis" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Bun APIs</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/web-apis" slug="runtime/web-apis" id="menu-item-runtime/web-apis" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Web APIs</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/nodejs-apis" slug="runtime/nodejs-apis" id="menu-item-runtime/nodejs-apis" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Node.js compatibility</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/executables" slug="bundler/executables" id="menu-item-bundler/executables" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Single-file executable</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/plugins" slug="runtime/plugins" id="menu-item-runtime/plugins" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Plugins</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/hot" slug="runtime/hot" id="menu-item-runtime/hot" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Watch mode</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/modules" slug="runtime/modules" id="menu-item-runtime/modules" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Module resolution</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/autoimport" slug="runtime/autoimport" id="menu-item-runtime/autoimport" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Auto-install</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/bunfig" slug="runtime/bunfig" id="menu-item-runtime/bunfig" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">bunfig.toml</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/debugger" slug="runtime/debugger" id="menu-item-runtime/debugger" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Debugger</p></a><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 !dark:text-gray-600 !hover: cursor-auto !text-gray-500"><span class="opacity-80">Framework API</span><span class="ml-[6px] inline-block rounded-[2px] border border-pink-400 bg-pink-100 px-[4px] pb-[1px] pt-[0px] align-middle text-xs leading-[16px] text-pink-600 opacity-70 dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-gray-800 dark:text-gray-400 dark:opacity-60" style="font-variant:all-small-caps">SOON</span></p><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 text-md" style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Package manager</p><a href="/docs/cli/install" slug="cli/install" id="menu-item-cli/install" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun install</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/add" slug="cli/add" id="menu-item-cli/add" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun add</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/remove" slug="cli/remove" id="menu-item-cli/remove" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun remove</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/update" slug="cli/update" id="menu-item-cli/update" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun update</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/publish" slug="cli/publish" id="menu-item-cli/publish" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun publish</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/outdated" slug="cli/outdated" id="menu-item-cli/outdated" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun outdated</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/link" slug="cli/link" id="menu-item-cli/link" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun link</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/pm" slug="cli/pm" id="menu-item-cli/pm" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun pm</code></p></a><a href="/docs/install/cache" slug="install/cache" id="menu-item-install/cache" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Global cache</p></a><a href="/docs/install/workspaces" slug="install/workspaces" id="menu-item-install/workspaces" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Workspaces</p></a><a href="/docs/install/lifecycle" slug="install/lifecycle" id="menu-item-install/lifecycle" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Lifecycle scripts</p></a><a href="/docs/cli/filter" slug="cli/filter" id="menu-item-cli/filter" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Filter</p></a><a href="/docs/install/lockfile" slug="install/lockfile" id="menu-item-install/lockfile" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Lockfile</p></a><a href="/docs/install/registries" slug="install/registries" id="menu-item-install/registries" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Scopes and registries</p></a><a href="/docs/install/overrides" slug="install/overrides" id="menu-item-install/overrides" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Overrides and resolutions</p></a><a href="/docs/install/patch" slug="install/patch" id="menu-item-install/patch" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Patch dependencies</p></a><a href="/docs/install/npmrc" slug="install/npmrc" id="menu-item-install/npmrc" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">.npmrc support</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 text-md" style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Bundler</p><a href="/docs/bundler" slug="bundler" id="menu-item-bundler" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">Bun.build</code></p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/html" slug="bundler/html" id="menu-item-bundler/html" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">HTML & static sites</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/css" slug="bundler/css" id="menu-item-bundler/css" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">CSS</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/fullstack" slug="bundler/fullstack" id="menu-item-bundler/fullstack" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Fullstack Dev Server</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/hmr" slug="bundler/hmr" id="menu-item-bundler/hmr" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Hot reloading</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/loaders" slug="bundler/loaders" id="menu-item-bundler/loaders" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Loaders</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/plugins" slug="bundler/plugins" id="menu-item-bundler/plugins" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Plugins</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/macros" slug="bundler/macros" id="menu-item-bundler/macros" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Macros</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/vs-esbuild" slug="bundler/vs-esbuild" id="menu-item-bundler/vs-esbuild" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">vs esbuild</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 text-md" style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Test runner</p><a href="/docs/cli/test" slug="cli/test" id="menu-item-cli/test" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun test</code></p></a><a href="/docs/test/writing" slug="test/writing" id="menu-item-test/writing" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Writing tests</p></a><a href="/docs/test/hot" slug="test/hot" id="menu-item-test/hot" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Watch mode</p></a><a href="/docs/test/lifecycle" slug="test/lifecycle" id="menu-item-test/lifecycle" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Lifecycle hooks</p></a><a href="/docs/test/mocks" slug="test/mocks" id="menu-item-test/mocks" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Mocks</p></a><a href="/docs/test/snapshots" slug="test/snapshots" id="menu-item-test/snapshots" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Snapshots</p></a><a href="/docs/test/time" slug="test/time" id="menu-item-test/time" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Dates and times</p></a><a href="/docs/test/dom" slug="test/dom" id="menu-item-test/dom" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">DOM testing</p></a><a href="/docs/test/coverage" slug="test/coverage" id="menu-item-test/coverage" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Code coverage</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 text-md" style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Package runner</p><a href="/docs/cli/bunx" slug="cli/bunx" id="menu-item-cli/bunx" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bunx</code></p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 text-md" style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">API</p><a href="/docs/api/http" slug="api/http" id="menu-item-api/http" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">HTTP server</p></a><a href="/docs/api/fetch" slug="api/fetch" id="menu-item-api/fetch" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">HTTP client</p></a><a href="/docs/api/websockets" slug="api/websockets" id="menu-item-api/websockets" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">WebSockets</p></a><a href="/docs/api/workers" slug="api/workers" id="menu-item-api/workers" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Workers</p></a><a href="/docs/api/binary-data" slug="api/binary-data" id="menu-item-api/binary-data" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Binary data</p></a><a href="/docs/api/streams" slug="api/streams" id="menu-item-api/streams" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Streams</p></a><a href="/docs/api/sql" slug="api/sql" id="menu-item-api/sql" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">SQL</p></a><a href="/docs/api/s3" slug="api/s3" id="menu-item-api/s3" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">S3 Object Storage</p></a><a href="/docs/api/file-io" slug="api/file-io" id="menu-item-api/file-io" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">File I/O</p></a><a href="/docs/api/import-meta" slug="api/import-meta" id="menu-item-api/import-meta" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">import.meta</p></a><a href="/docs/api/sqlite" slug="api/sqlite" id="menu-item-api/sqlite" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">SQLite</p></a><a href="/docs/api/file-system-router" slug="api/file-system-router" id="menu-item-api/file-system-router" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">FileSystemRouter</p></a><a href="/docs/api/tcp" slug="api/tcp" id="menu-item-api/tcp" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">TCP sockets</p></a><a href="/docs/api/udp" slug="api/udp" id="menu-item-api/udp" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">UDP sockets</p></a><a href="/docs/api/globals" slug="api/globals" id="menu-item-api/globals" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Globals</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/shell" slug="runtime/shell" id="menu-item-runtime/shell" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">$ Shell</p></a><a href="/docs/api/spawn" slug="api/spawn" id="menu-item-api/spawn" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Child processes</p></a><a href="/docs/api/transpiler" slug="api/transpiler" id="menu-item-api/transpiler" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Transpiler</p></a><a href="/docs/api/hashing" slug="api/hashing" id="menu-item-api/hashing" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Hashing</p></a><a href="/docs/api/console" slug="api/console" id="menu-item-api/console" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Console</p></a><a href="/docs/api/ffi" slug="api/ffi" id="menu-item-api/ffi" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-700 font-bold dark:border-gray-400 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">FFI</p></a><a href="/docs/api/cc" slug="api/cc" id="menu-item-api/cc" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">C Compiler</p></a><a href="/docs/api/html-rewriter" slug="api/html-rewriter" id="menu-item-api/html-rewriter" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">HTMLRewriter</p></a><a href="/docs/api/test" slug="api/test" id="menu-item-api/test" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Testing</p></a><a href="/docs/api/utils" slug="api/utils" id="menu-item-api/utils" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Utils</p></a><a href="/docs/api/node-api" slug="api/node-api" id="menu-item-api/node-api" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Node-API</p></a><a href="/docs/api/glob" slug="api/glob" id="menu-item-api/glob" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Glob</p></a><a href="/docs/api/dns" slug="api/dns" id="menu-item-api/dns" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">DNS</p></a><a href="/docs/api/semver" slug="api/semver" id="menu-item-api/semver" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Semver</p></a><a href="/docs/api/color" slug="api/color" id="menu-item-api/color" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Color</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 text-md" style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Project</p><a href="/docs/project/roadmap" slug="project/roadmap" id="menu-item-project/roadmap" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Roadmap</p></a><a href="/docs/project/benchmarking" slug="project/benchmarking" id="menu-item-project/benchmarking" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Benchmarking</p></a><a href="/docs/project/contributing" slug="project/contributing" id="menu-item-project/contributing" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Contributing</p></a><a href="/docs/project/building-windows" slug="project/building-windows" id="menu-item-project/building-windows" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Building Windows</p></a><a href="/docs/project/bindgen" slug="project/bindgen" id="menu-item-project/bindgen" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Bindgen</p></a><a href="/docs/project/licensing" slug="project/licensing" id="menu-item-project/licensing" class="no-underline hover:no-underline text-md"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">License</p></a><div class="h-[50px]" style="height:50px"></div></div><script> document.getElementById('doc-page-slider-menu').addEventListener('click', () => { setTimeout(() => { document.getElementById('doc-page-slider-menu').style.transform = 'translate(0px, -110vh)'; }, 50); }) document.getElementById('doc-page-slider-open').addEventListener('click', () => { document.getElementById('doc-page-slider-menu').style.transform = 'translate(0px, 0px)'; }); document.getElementById('doc-page-slider-close').addEventListener('click', () => { document.getElementById('doc-page-slider-menu').style.transform = 'translate(0px, -110vh)'; }); </script></div><div class="w-[16px] md:hidden"></div><a href="/" aria-label="home" class="flex flex-row items-center gap-[12px]"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64, 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alt="GitHub logo" class="m-auto hidden h-[24px] dark:block"/></a><div class="sun m-[-2px] hidden cursor-pointer select-none dark:inline-flex"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="h-[30px] w-[30px] text-black dark:text-white"><path d="M12 2.25a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75v2.25a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0V3a.75.75 0 0 1 .75-.75ZM7.5 12a4.5 4.5 0 1 1 9 0 4.5 4.5 0 0 1-9 0ZM18.894 6.166a.75.75 0 0 0-1.06-1.06l-1.591 1.59a.75.75 0 1 0 1.06 1.061l1.591-1.59ZM21.75 12a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75h-2.25a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5H21a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75ZM17.834 18.894a.75.75 0 0 0 1.06-1.06l-1.59-1.591a.75.75 0 1 0-1.061 1.06l1.59 1.591ZM12 18a.75.75 0 0 1 .75.75V21a.75.75 0 0 1-1.5 0v-2.25A.75.75 0 0 1 12 18ZM7.758 17.303a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061-1.06l-1.591 1.59a.75.75 0 0 0 1.06 1.061l1.591-1.59ZM6 12a.75.75 0 0 1-.75.75H3a.75.75 0 0 1 0-1.5h2.25A.75.75 0 0 1 6 12ZM6.697 7.757a.75.75 0 0 0 1.06-1.06l-1.59-1.591a.75.75 0 0 0-1.061 1.06l1.59 1.591Z"></path></svg></div><div class="moon m-[-2px] inline-flex cursor-pointer select-none dark:hidden"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="h-[27px] w-[30px] text-black dark:text-white"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M9.528 1.718a.75.75 0 0 1 .162.819A8.97 8.97 0 0 0 9 6a9 9 0 0 0 9 9 8.97 8.97 0 0 0 3.463-.69.75.75 0 0 1 .981.98 10.503 10.503 0 0 1-9.694 6.46c-5.799 0-10.5-4.7-10.5-10.5 0-4.368 2.667-8.112 6.46-9.694a.75.75 0 0 1 .818.162Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg></div></nav></header></div><div class="hidden" id="docsearchbox"></div><div id="inkeep-chat-button" class="h-0 p-0"></div><section class="mx-auto flex max-w-screen-xl flex-row justify-start px-0 md:px-[var(--horizontal-padding)]"><div class="sticky top-[var(--navbar-height)] hidden h-[calc(100vh-var(--navbar-height))] w-[300px] md:block md:min-w-[200px] lg:min-w-[300px]" style="left:0px;top:0px;height:calc(100vh - 60px)"><div class="h-[var(--navbar-height)]"></div><div id="doc-menu" class="invisible relative h-full w-full overflow-y-scroll border-r-[1px] border-gray-200 pb-[50px] pr-3 dark:border-gray-700"><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 " style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Intro</p><a href="/docs/index" slug="index" id="menu-item-index" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">What is Bun?</p></a><a href="/docs/installation" slug="installation" id="menu-item-installation" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Installation</p></a><a href="/docs/quickstart" slug="quickstart" id="menu-item-quickstart" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Quickstart</p></a><a href="/docs/typescript" slug="typescript" id="menu-item-typescript" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">TypeScript</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 " style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Templating</p><a href="/docs/cli/init" slug="cli/init" id="menu-item-cli/init" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun init</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/bun-create" slug="cli/bun-create" id="menu-item-cli/bun-create" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun create</code></p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 " style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Runtime</p><a href="/docs/cli/run" slug="cli/run" id="menu-item-cli/run" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun run</code></p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/loaders" slug="runtime/loaders" id="menu-item-runtime/loaders" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">File types</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/typescript" slug="runtime/typescript" id="menu-item-runtime/typescript" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">TypeScript</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/jsx" slug="runtime/jsx" id="menu-item-runtime/jsx" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">JSX</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/env" slug="runtime/env" id="menu-item-runtime/env" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Environment variables</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/bun-apis" slug="runtime/bun-apis" id="menu-item-runtime/bun-apis" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Bun APIs</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/web-apis" slug="runtime/web-apis" id="menu-item-runtime/web-apis" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Web APIs</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/nodejs-apis" slug="runtime/nodejs-apis" id="menu-item-runtime/nodejs-apis" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Node.js compatibility</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/executables" slug="bundler/executables" id="menu-item-bundler/executables" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Single-file executable</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/plugins" slug="runtime/plugins" id="menu-item-runtime/plugins" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Plugins</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/hot" slug="runtime/hot" id="menu-item-runtime/hot" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Watch mode</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/modules" slug="runtime/modules" id="menu-item-runtime/modules" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Module resolution</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/autoimport" slug="runtime/autoimport" id="menu-item-runtime/autoimport" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Auto-install</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/bunfig" slug="runtime/bunfig" id="menu-item-runtime/bunfig" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">bunfig.toml</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/debugger" slug="runtime/debugger" id="menu-item-runtime/debugger" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Debugger</p></a><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 !dark:text-gray-600 !hover: cursor-auto !text-gray-500"><span class="opacity-80">Framework API</span><span class="ml-[6px] inline-block rounded-[2px] border border-pink-400 bg-pink-100 px-[4px] pb-[1px] pt-[0px] align-middle text-xs leading-[16px] text-pink-600 opacity-70 dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-gray-800 dark:text-gray-400 dark:opacity-60" style="font-variant:all-small-caps">SOON</span></p><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 " style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Package manager</p><a href="/docs/cli/install" slug="cli/install" id="menu-item-cli/install" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun install</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/add" slug="cli/add" id="menu-item-cli/add" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun add</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/remove" slug="cli/remove" id="menu-item-cli/remove" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun remove</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/update" slug="cli/update" id="menu-item-cli/update" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun update</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/publish" slug="cli/publish" id="menu-item-cli/publish" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun publish</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/outdated" slug="cli/outdated" id="menu-item-cli/outdated" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun outdated</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/link" slug="cli/link" id="menu-item-cli/link" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun link</code></p></a><a href="/docs/cli/pm" slug="cli/pm" id="menu-item-cli/pm" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun pm</code></p></a><a href="/docs/install/cache" slug="install/cache" id="menu-item-install/cache" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Global cache</p></a><a href="/docs/install/workspaces" slug="install/workspaces" id="menu-item-install/workspaces" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Workspaces</p></a><a href="/docs/install/lifecycle" slug="install/lifecycle" id="menu-item-install/lifecycle" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Lifecycle scripts</p></a><a href="/docs/cli/filter" slug="cli/filter" id="menu-item-cli/filter" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Filter</p></a><a href="/docs/install/lockfile" slug="install/lockfile" id="menu-item-install/lockfile" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Lockfile</p></a><a href="/docs/install/registries" slug="install/registries" id="menu-item-install/registries" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Scopes and registries</p></a><a href="/docs/install/overrides" slug="install/overrides" id="menu-item-install/overrides" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Overrides and resolutions</p></a><a href="/docs/install/patch" slug="install/patch" id="menu-item-install/patch" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Patch dependencies</p></a><a href="/docs/install/npmrc" slug="install/npmrc" id="menu-item-install/npmrc" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">.npmrc support</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 " style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Bundler</p><a href="/docs/bundler" slug="bundler" id="menu-item-bundler" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">Bun.build</code></p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/html" slug="bundler/html" id="menu-item-bundler/html" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">HTML & static sites</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/css" slug="bundler/css" id="menu-item-bundler/css" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">CSS</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/fullstack" slug="bundler/fullstack" id="menu-item-bundler/fullstack" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Fullstack Dev Server</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/hmr" slug="bundler/hmr" id="menu-item-bundler/hmr" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Hot reloading</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/loaders" slug="bundler/loaders" id="menu-item-bundler/loaders" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Loaders</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/plugins" slug="bundler/plugins" id="menu-item-bundler/plugins" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Plugins</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/macros" slug="bundler/macros" id="menu-item-bundler/macros" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Macros</p></a><a href="/docs/bundler/vs-esbuild" slug="bundler/vs-esbuild" id="menu-item-bundler/vs-esbuild" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">vs esbuild</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 " style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Test runner</p><a href="/docs/cli/test" slug="cli/test" id="menu-item-cli/test" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun test</code></p></a><a href="/docs/test/writing" slug="test/writing" id="menu-item-test/writing" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Writing tests</p></a><a href="/docs/test/hot" slug="test/hot" id="menu-item-test/hot" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Watch mode</p></a><a href="/docs/test/lifecycle" slug="test/lifecycle" id="menu-item-test/lifecycle" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Lifecycle hooks</p></a><a href="/docs/test/mocks" slug="test/mocks" id="menu-item-test/mocks" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Mocks</p></a><a href="/docs/test/snapshots" slug="test/snapshots" id="menu-item-test/snapshots" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Snapshots</p></a><a href="/docs/test/time" slug="test/time" id="menu-item-test/time" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Dates and times</p></a><a href="/docs/test/dom" slug="test/dom" id="menu-item-test/dom" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">DOM testing</p></a><a href="/docs/test/coverage" slug="test/coverage" id="menu-item-test/coverage" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Code coverage</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 " style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Package runner</p><a href="/docs/cli/bunx" slug="cli/bunx" id="menu-item-cli/bunx" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200"><code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bunx</code></p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 " style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">API</p><a href="/docs/api/http" slug="api/http" id="menu-item-api/http" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">HTTP server</p></a><a href="/docs/api/fetch" slug="api/fetch" id="menu-item-api/fetch" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">HTTP client</p></a><a href="/docs/api/websockets" slug="api/websockets" id="menu-item-api/websockets" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">WebSockets</p></a><a href="/docs/api/workers" slug="api/workers" id="menu-item-api/workers" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Workers</p></a><a href="/docs/api/binary-data" slug="api/binary-data" id="menu-item-api/binary-data" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Binary data</p></a><a href="/docs/api/streams" slug="api/streams" id="menu-item-api/streams" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Streams</p></a><a href="/docs/api/sql" slug="api/sql" id="menu-item-api/sql" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">SQL</p></a><a href="/docs/api/s3" slug="api/s3" id="menu-item-api/s3" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">S3 Object Storage</p></a><a href="/docs/api/file-io" slug="api/file-io" id="menu-item-api/file-io" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">File I/O</p></a><a href="/docs/api/import-meta" slug="api/import-meta" id="menu-item-api/import-meta" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">import.meta</p></a><a href="/docs/api/sqlite" slug="api/sqlite" id="menu-item-api/sqlite" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">SQLite</p></a><a href="/docs/api/file-system-router" slug="api/file-system-router" id="menu-item-api/file-system-router" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">FileSystemRouter</p></a><a href="/docs/api/tcp" slug="api/tcp" id="menu-item-api/tcp" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">TCP sockets</p></a><a href="/docs/api/udp" slug="api/udp" id="menu-item-api/udp" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">UDP sockets</p></a><a href="/docs/api/globals" slug="api/globals" id="menu-item-api/globals" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Globals</p></a><a href="/docs/runtime/shell" slug="runtime/shell" id="menu-item-runtime/shell" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">$ Shell</p></a><a href="/docs/api/spawn" slug="api/spawn" id="menu-item-api/spawn" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Child processes</p></a><a href="/docs/api/transpiler" slug="api/transpiler" id="menu-item-api/transpiler" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Transpiler</p></a><a href="/docs/api/hashing" slug="api/hashing" id="menu-item-api/hashing" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Hashing</p></a><a href="/docs/api/console" slug="api/console" id="menu-item-api/console" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Console</p></a><a href="/docs/api/ffi" slug="api/ffi" id="menu-item-api/ffi" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-700 font-bold dark:border-gray-400 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">FFI</p></a><div id="doc-menu-in-page" class="doc-menu-in-page anchor-menu"><a href="#dlopen-usage-bun-ffi" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="dlopen-usage-bun-ffi" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[28px]">dlopen usage (<code class="undefined mono rounded border border-gray-300 bg-[var(--gray-200)] px-[3px] py-[2px] text-[93%] no-underline hover:no-underline dark:border-gray-700 dark:bg-[var(--gray-700)]">bun:ffi</code>)</div></a><a href="#performance" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="performance" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[28px]">Performance</div></a><a href="#usage" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="usage" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[28px]">Usage</div></a><a href="#zig" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="zig" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[40px]">Zig</div></a><a href="#rust" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="rust" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[40px]">Rust</div></a><a href="#c" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="c" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[40px]">C++</div></a><a href="#ffi-types" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="ffi-types" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[28px]">FFI types</div></a><a href="#strings" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="strings" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[28px]">Strings</div></a><a href="#function-pointers" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="function-pointers" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[28px]">Function pointers</div></a><a href="#callbacks" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="callbacks" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[28px]">Callbacks</div></a><a href="#experimental-thread-safe-callbacks" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="experimental-thread-safe-callbacks" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[40px]">Experimental thread-safe callbacks</div></a><a href="#pointers" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="pointers" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[28px]">Pointers</div></a><a href="#memory-management" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="memory-management" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[40px]">Memory management</div></a><a href="#memory-safety" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="memory-safety" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[40px]">Memory safety</div></a><a href="#pointer-alignment" class="no-underline hover:no-underline"><div anchor-id="pointer-alignment" class="doc-menu-in-page-item cursor-pointer border-l-[1px] border-gray-200 py-[2px] text-[14px] text-gray-500 hover:border-gray-400 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-300 pl-[40px]">Pointer 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py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Node-API</p></a><a href="/docs/api/glob" slug="api/glob" id="menu-item-api/glob" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Glob</p></a><a href="/docs/api/dns" slug="api/dns" id="menu-item-api/dns" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">DNS</p></a><a href="/docs/api/semver" slug="api/semver" id="menu-item-api/semver" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Semver</p></a><a href="/docs/api/color" slug="api/color" id="menu-item-api/color" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Color</p></a><p class="whitespace-nowrap py-2 pt-8 text-[15px] text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-400 " style="font-variant:all-petite-caps">Project</p><a href="/docs/project/roadmap" slug="project/roadmap" id="menu-item-project/roadmap" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 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id="menu-item-project/building-windows" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Building Windows</p></a><a href="/docs/project/bindgen" slug="project/bindgen" id="menu-item-project/bindgen" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">Bindgen</p></a><a href="/docs/project/licensing" slug="project/licensing" id="menu-item-project/licensing" class="no-underline hover:no-underline doc-menu-item"><p class="border-l-[1px] py-[2px] pl-4 text-[15px] text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:border-gray-700 hover:text-gray-900 dark:hover:border-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200">License</p></a></div><script>document.querySelectorAll(".doc-menu-item").forEach((el)=>{el.addEventListener("click",()=>{const menu=document.querySelector("#doc-menu");const inPageMenu=document.querySelector("#doc-menu-in-page");const A=menu.scrollTop;const B=el.offsetTop;const C=inPageMenu?inPageMenu.offsetTop:0;const D=inPageMenu?inPageMenu.offsetHeight:0;const E=B>C?A-D:A;localStorage.setItem("menu-clicked-offset",E)})});const menu=document.querySelector("#doc-menu");const offset=localStorage.getItem("menu-clicked-offset");if(!offset){menu.classList.remove("invisible")}else{menu.scrollTop=parseInt(offset,10);localStorage.removeItem("menu-clicked-offset");menu.classList.remove("invisible")}</script><div class="h-[50px]" style="height:50px"></div></div><div class="w-full overflow-x-hidden pb-8"><header class="ml-auto mr-auto w-full max-w-screen-md pt-[45px] md:pt-[90px]"><div class="mx-4 flex flex-row justify-between border-b border-gray-200 text-gray-900 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-200"><h1 class="mb-0 flex-1"><span class="text-[2.25em] font-extrabold">FFI</span></h1></div><div class="hidden px-4 pt-[6px] text-xs text-black sm:block"><a class="hover:no-underline" href="https://github.com/oven-sh/bun/edit/main/docs/api/ffi.md"><div class="inline-flex cursor-pointer flex-row items-center justify-start rounded-[3px] px-[4px] py-[3px] opacity-80 hover:bg-gray-200 hover:opacity-100 dark:text-white dark:hover:bg-gray-800"><img src="data:image/svg+xml;base64, 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" alt="GitHub logo" class="m-[0] hidden h-[13px] p-[0] dark:block"/><div class="w-[4px] "></div><p class="m-[0] p-[0] text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-300">Edit on GitHub</p></div></a></div></header><div class="DocSearch-content prose ml-auto mr-auto w-full max-w-screen-md px-4 dark:prose-invert"><div class="h-4 whitespace-nowrap"></div><article><div class="callout dark mx-[calc(-1*var(--horizontal-padding))] my-0 border-b border-t border-b-gray-200 border-t-gray-200 bg-gray-100 px-4 py-[13px] text-[92%] leading-6 dark:border-b-gray-900 dark:border-t-gray-900 dark:bg-gray-800 md:mx-0 md:my-5 md:rounded-[5px] md:border md:border-gray-200 md:py-[13px] dark:md:border-gray-900"><p><strong>⚠️ Warning</strong> — <code>bun:ffi</code> is <strong>experimental</strong>, with known bugs and limitations, and should not be relied on in production. The most stable way to interact with native code from Bun is to write a <a href="/docs/api/node-api">Node-API module</a>.</p></div><p>Use the built-in <code>bun:ffi</code> module to efficiently call native libraries from JavaScript. It works with languages that support the C ABI (Zig, Rust, C/C++, C#, Nim, Kotlin, etc).</p><h2 level="2" anchor-id="dlopen-usage-bun-ffi" id="dlopen-usage-bun-ffi" class="anchored "><a name="dlopen-usage-bun-ffi" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#dlopen-usage-bun-ffi" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">dlopen usage (<code>bun:ffi</code>)</a></h2><p>To print the version number of <code>sqlite3</code>:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { dlopen, FFIType, suffix } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// `suffix` is either "dylib", "so", or "dll" depending on the platform</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// you don't have to use "suffix", it's just there for convenience</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> path </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">`libsqlite3.</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">${</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">suffix</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">}</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">`</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">symbols</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> sqlite3_libversion, </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// the function to call</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">} </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">dlopen</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> path, </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// a library name or file path</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> sqlite3_libversion</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// no arguments, returns a string</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> FFIType.cstring,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">console.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">log</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">`SQLite 3 version: </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">${</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">sqlite3_libversion</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">()</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">}</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">`</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="chqdzArawima" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#chqdzArawima");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { dlopen, FFIType, suffix } from "bun:ffi"; // \`suffix\` is either "dylib", "so", or "dll" depending on the platform // you don't have to use "suffix", it's just there for convenience const path = \`libsqlite3.\${suffix}\`; const { symbols: { sqlite3_libversion, // the function to call }, } = dlopen( path, // a library name or file path { sqlite3_libversion: { // no arguments, returns a string args: [], returns: FFIType.cstring, }, }, ); console.log(\`SQLite 3 version: \${sqlite3_libversion()}\`);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><h2 level="2" anchor-id="performance" id="performance" class="anchored "><a name="performance" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#performance" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Performance</a></h2><p>According to <a href="https://github.com/oven-sh/bun/tree/main/bench/ffi">our benchmark</a>, <code>bun:ffi</code> is roughly 2-6x faster than Node.js FFI via <code>Node-API</code>.</p><figure class="align-center sm-full flex flex-col justify-start overflow-hidden md:rounded-[5px]"><a target="_blank" href="/images/ffi.png"><img src="/images/ffi.png" height="400"/></a></figure><p>Bun generates & just-in-time compiles C bindings that efficiently convert values between JavaScript types and native types. To compile C, Bun embeds <a href="https://github.com/TinyCC/tinycc">TinyCC</a>, a small and fast C compiler.</p><h2 level="2" anchor-id="usage" id="usage" class="anchored "><a name="usage" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#usage" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Usage</a></h2><h3 level="3" anchor-id="zig" id="zig" class="anchored "><a name="zig" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#zig" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Zig</a></h3><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// add.zig</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">pub</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">export</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">fn</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">add</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(a: </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">i32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, b: </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">i32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">) </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">i32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">return</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> a </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">+</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> b;</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">}</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="XRYNPOHnpVgv" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#XRYNPOHnpVgv");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`// add.zig pub export fn add(a: i32, b: i32) i32 { return a + b; }`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>To compile:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative CodeBlockShell "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">zig build-lib add.zig -dynamic -OReleaseFast</span></span></code></pre></div><div id="HTkCRUZysWZD" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#HTkCRUZysWZD");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`zig build-lib add.zig -dynamic -OReleaseFast`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>Pass a path to the shared library and a map of symbols to import into <code>dlopen</code>:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { dlopen, FFIType, suffix } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { i32 } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> FFIType;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> path </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">`libadd.</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">${</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">suffix</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">}</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">`</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> lib </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">dlopen</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(path, {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> add</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [i32, i32],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> i32,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">});</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">console.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">log</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(lib.symbols.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">add</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">1</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">2</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">));</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="vhYWIlqcgdLR" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#vhYWIlqcgdLR");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { dlopen, FFIType, suffix } from "bun:ffi"; const { i32 } = FFIType; const path = \`libadd.\${suffix}\`; const lib = dlopen(path, { add: { args: [i32, i32], returns: i32, }, }); console.log(lib.symbols.add(1, 2));`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><h3 level="3" anchor-id="rust" id="rust" class="anchored "><a name="rust" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#rust" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Rust</a></h3><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// add.rs</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">#[no_mangle]</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">pub</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">extern</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">"C"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">fn</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">add</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(a</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">i32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, b</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">i32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">) </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">-></span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">i32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> a </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">+</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> b</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">}</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="FxhSIVivzhfT" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#FxhSIVivzhfT");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`// add.rs #[no_mangle] pub extern "C" fn add(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 { a + b }`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>To compile:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative CodeBlockShell "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">rustc --crate-type cdylib add.rs</span></span></code></pre></div><div id="sXnMTYcFOUon" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#sXnMTYcFOUon");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`rustc --crate-type cdylib add.rs`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><h3 level="3" anchor-id="c" id="c" class="anchored "><a name="c" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#c" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">C++</a></h3><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">#include</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284"><</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">cstdint</span><span style="color: #E9F284">></span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">extern</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">C</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">int32_t</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">add</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">int32_t</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">a</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">int32_t</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">b</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">) {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">return</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> a </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">+</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> b;</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">}</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="PICsWQAcQQdj" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#PICsWQAcQQdj");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`#include <cstdint> extern "C" int32_t add(int32_t a, int32_t b) { return a + b; }`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>To compile:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative CodeBlockShell "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">zig build-lib add.cpp -dynamic -lc -lc++</span></span></code></pre></div><div id="lwuTmfohCKyV" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#lwuTmfohCKyV");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`zig build-lib add.cpp -dynamic -lc -lc++`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><h2 level="2" anchor-id="ffi-types" id="ffi-types" class="anchored "><a name="ffi-types" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#ffi-types" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">FFI types</a></h2><p>The following <code>FFIType</code> values are supported.</p><div class="TableWrapper"><table><thead><tr><th><code>FFIType</code></th><th>C Type</th><th>Aliases</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>buffer</td><td><code>char*</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>cstring</td><td><code>char*</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>function</td><td><code>(void*)(*)()</code></td><td><code>fn</code>, <code>callback</code></td></tr><tr><td>ptr</td><td><code>void*</code></td><td><code>pointer</code>, <code>void*</code>, <code>char*</code></td></tr><tr><td>i8</td><td><code>int8_t</code></td><td><code>int8_t</code></td></tr><tr><td>i16</td><td><code>int16_t</code></td><td><code>int16_t</code></td></tr><tr><td>i32</td><td><code>int32_t</code></td><td><code>int32_t</code>, <code>int</code></td></tr><tr><td>i64</td><td><code>int64_t</code></td><td><code>int64_t</code></td></tr><tr><td>i64_fast</td><td><code>int64_t</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>u8</td><td><code>uint8_t</code></td><td><code>uint8_t</code></td></tr><tr><td>u16</td><td><code>uint16_t</code></td><td><code>uint16_t</code></td></tr><tr><td>u32</td><td><code>uint32_t</code></td><td><code>uint32_t</code></td></tr><tr><td>u64</td><td><code>uint64_t</code></td><td><code>uint64_t</code></td></tr><tr><td>u64_fast</td><td><code>uint64_t</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>f32</td><td><code>float</code></td><td><code>float</code></td></tr><tr><td>f64</td><td><code>double</code></td><td><code>double</code></td></tr><tr><td>bool</td><td><code>bool</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>char</td><td><code>char</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>napi_env</td><td><code>napi_env</code></td><td></td></tr><tr><td>napi_value</td><td><code>napi_value</code></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table></div><p>Note: <code>buffer</code> arguments must be a <code>TypedArray</code> or <code>DataView</code>.</p><h2 level="2" anchor-id="strings" id="strings" class="anchored "><a name="strings" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#strings" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Strings</a></h2><p>JavaScript strings and C-like strings are different, and that complicates using strings with native libraries.</p><div class="details group my-[1.25em] overflow-hidden rounded-[5px] border border-gray-300 bg-gray-100 text-[92%] dark:border dark:border-gray-800 dark:bg-gray-900 md:bg-transparent"><div class="flex cursor-pointer select-none flex-row items-center justify-start bg-gray-100 py-[8px] pl-[9px] pr-[9px] hover:bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-900 dark:group-hover:bg-gray-800" id="NyudvHbkjw-summary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" id="NyudvHbkjw-closed" class="w-[21px] py-[2px] pr-[4px]"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M16.28 11.47a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-7.5 7.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06-1.06L14.69 12 7.72 5.03a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l7.5 7.5Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" id="NyudvHbkjw-open" class="hidden w-[21px] py-[2px] pr-[4px]"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12.53 16.28a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0l-7.5-7.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06L12 14.69l6.97-6.97a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-7.5 7.5Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><p class="m-0">How are JavaScript strings and C strings different?</p></div><div id="NyudvHbkjw-details" class="pointer hidden border-t border-gray-200 px-4 dark:border-gray-800"><div class="mt-[1.25em] h-0"></div><p>JavaScript strings:</p><ul><li class="">UTF16 (2 bytes per letter) or potentially latin1, depending on the JavaScript engine & what characters are used</li><li class=""><code>length</code> stored separately</li><li class="">Immutable</li></ul><p>C strings:</p><ul><li class="">UTF8 (1 byte per letter), usually</li><li class="">The length is not stored. Instead, the string is null-terminated which means the length is the index of the first <code>\0</code> it finds</li><li class="">Mutable</li></ul><div class="mt-[1.25em] h-0"></div></div><script>document.querySelector("#NyudvHbkjw-summary").addEventListener("click",()=>{const deets=document.querySelector("#NyudvHbkjw-details");const open=document.querySelector("#NyudvHbkjw-open");const closed=document.querySelector("#NyudvHbkjw-closed");if(deets.classList.contains("hidden")){deets.classList.remove("hidden");open.classList.remove("hidden");closed.classList.add("hidden")}else{deets.classList.add("hidden");open.classList.add("hidden");closed.classList.remove("hidden")}});</script></div><p>To solve this, <code>bun:ffi</code> exports <code>CString</code> which extends JavaScript's built-in <code>String</code> to support null-terminated strings and add a few extras:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">class</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD">CString</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">extends</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">String</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">/**</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4"> * Given a `ptr`, this will automatically search for the closing `\0` character and transcode from UTF-8 to UTF-16 if necessary.</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4"> */</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">constructor</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">ptr</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">number</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">byteOffset</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">?:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">number</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">byteLength</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">?:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">number</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">)</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">string</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">/**</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4"> * The ptr to the C string</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4"> *</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4"> * This `CString` instance is a clone of the string, so it</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4"> * is safe to continue using this instance after the `ptr` has been</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4"> * freed.</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4"> */</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> ptr</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">number</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> byteOffset</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">?:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">number</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> byteLength</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">?:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">number</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">}</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="rpPcjFnFqnkX" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#rpPcjFnFqnkX");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`class CString extends String { /** * Given a \`ptr\`, this will automatically search for the closing \`\\0\` character and transcode from UTF-8 to UTF-16 if necessary. */ constructor(ptr: number, byteOffset?: number, byteLength?: number): string; /** * The ptr to the C string * * This \`CString\` instance is a clone of the string, so it * is safe to continue using this instance after the \`ptr\` has been * freed. */ ptr: number; byteOffset?: number; byteLength?: number; }`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>To convert from a null-terminated string pointer to a JavaScript string:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myString </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">CString</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(ptr);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="ZjZxsLxhUcTc" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#ZjZxsLxhUcTc");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`const myString = new CString(ptr);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>To convert from a pointer with a known length to a JavaScript string:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myString </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">CString</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(ptr, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">0</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, byteLength);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="TRWzblTpGaup" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#TRWzblTpGaup");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`const myString = new CString(ptr, 0, byteLength);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>The <code>new CString()</code> constructor clones the C string, so it is safe to continue using <code>myString</code> after <code>ptr</code> has been freed.</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #50FA7B">my_library_free</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myString.ptr);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// this is safe because myString is a clone</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">console.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">log</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myString);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="wUffcrXnpxgG" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#wUffcrXnpxgG");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`my_library_free(myString.ptr); // this is safe because myString is a clone console.log(myString);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>When used in <code>returns</code>, <code>FFIType.cstring</code> coerces the pointer to a JavaScript <code>string</code>. When used in <code>args</code>, <code>FFIType.cstring</code> is identical to <code>ptr</code>.</p><h2 level="2" anchor-id="function-pointers" id="function-pointers" class="anchored "><a name="function-pointers" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#function-pointers" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Function pointers</a></h2><div class="callout dark mx-[calc(-1*var(--horizontal-padding))] my-0 border-b border-t border-b-gray-200 border-t-gray-200 bg-gray-100 px-4 py-[13px] text-[92%] leading-6 dark:border-b-gray-900 dark:border-t-gray-900 dark:bg-gray-800 md:mx-0 md:my-5 md:rounded-[5px] md:border md:border-gray-200 md:py-[13px] dark:md:border-gray-900"><p><strong>Note</strong> — Async functions are not yet supported.</p></div><p>To call a function pointer from JavaScript, use <code>CFunction</code>. This is useful if using Node-API (napi) with Bun, and you've already loaded some symbols.</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { CFunction } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">let</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myNativeLibraryGetVersion </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">/* somehow, you got this pointer */</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> getVersion </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">CFunction</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">({</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">cstring</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> ptr</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myNativeLibraryGetVersion,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">});</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #50FA7B">getVersion</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">();</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="hXKrQcEGRuNB" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#hXKrQcEGRuNB");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { CFunction } from "bun:ffi"; let myNativeLibraryGetVersion = /* somehow, you got this pointer */ const getVersion = new CFunction({ returns: "cstring", args: [], ptr: myNativeLibraryGetVersion, }); getVersion();`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>If you have multiple function pointers, you can define them all at once with <code>linkSymbols</code>:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { linkSymbols } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// getVersionPtrs defined elsewhere</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [majorPtr, minorPtr, patchPtr] </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">getVersionPtrs</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">();</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> lib </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">linkSymbols</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">({</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// Unlike with dlopen(), the names here can be whatever you want</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> getMajor</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">cstring</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [],</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// Since this doesn't use dlsym(), you have to provide a valid ptr</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// That ptr could be a number or a bigint</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// An invalid pointer will crash your program.</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> ptr</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> majorPtr,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> getMinor</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">cstring</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> ptr</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> minorPtr,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> getPatch</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">cstring</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> ptr</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> patchPtr,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">});</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [major, minor, patch] </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> lib.symbols.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">getMajor</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> lib.symbols.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">getMinor</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> lib.symbols.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">getPatch</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">];</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="kdMxEjebYceC" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#kdMxEjebYceC");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { linkSymbols } from "bun:ffi"; // getVersionPtrs defined elsewhere const [majorPtr, minorPtr, patchPtr] = getVersionPtrs(); const lib = linkSymbols({ // Unlike with dlopen(), the names here can be whatever you want getMajor: { returns: "cstring", args: [], // Since this doesn't use dlsym(), you have to provide a valid ptr // That ptr could be a number or a bigint // An invalid pointer will crash your program. ptr: majorPtr, }, getMinor: { returns: "cstring", args: [], ptr: minorPtr, }, getPatch: { returns: "cstring", args: [], ptr: patchPtr, }, }); const [major, minor, patch] = [ lib.symbols.getMajor(), lib.symbols.getMinor(), lib.symbols.getPatch(), ];`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><h2 level="2" anchor-id="callbacks" id="callbacks" class="anchored "><a name="callbacks" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#callbacks" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Callbacks</a></h2><p>Use <code>JSCallback</code> to create JavaScript callback functions that can be passed to C/FFI functions. The C/FFI function can call into the JavaScript/TypeScript code. This is useful for asynchronous code or whenever you want to call into JavaScript code from C.</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { dlopen, JSCallback, ptr, CString } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">symbols</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { search },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> close,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">} </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">dlopen</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">libmylib</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> search</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">usize</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">cstring</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">callback</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">});</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> searchIterator </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">JSCallback</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> (</span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">ptr</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">length</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">) </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=></span><span style="color: #F1FA8C"> </span><span style="color: #FF5555">/</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">hello</span><span style="color: #FF5555">/</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">test</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">CString</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(ptr, length)),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bool</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">ptr</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">usize</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> str </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> Buffer.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">wwutwutwutwutwutwutwutwutwutwutut</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">\0</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">utf8</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">if</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> (</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">search</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">ptr</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(str), searchIterator)) {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// found a match!</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">}</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// Sometime later:</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #8BE9FD">setTimeout</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(() </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=></span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> searchIterator.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">close</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">();</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">close</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">();</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">}, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">5000</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="OFpgnlpJqCCt" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#OFpgnlpJqCCt");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { dlopen, JSCallback, ptr, CString } from "bun:ffi"; const { symbols: { search }, close, } = dlopen("libmylib", { search: { returns: "usize", args: ["cstring", "callback"], }, }); const searchIterator = new JSCallback( (ptr, length) => /hello/.test(new CString(ptr, length)), { returns: "bool", args: ["ptr", "usize"], }, ); const str = Buffer.from("wwutwutwutwutwutwutwutwutwutwutut\\0", "utf8"); if (search(ptr(str), searchIterator)) { // found a match! } // Sometime later: setTimeout(() => { searchIterator.close(); close(); }, 5000);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>When you're done with a JSCallback, you should call <code>close()</code> to free the memory.</p><h3 level="3" anchor-id="experimental-thread-safe-callbacks" id="experimental-thread-safe-callbacks" class="anchored "><a name="experimental-thread-safe-callbacks" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#experimental-thread-safe-callbacks" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Experimental thread-safe callbacks</a></h3><p><code>JSCallback</code> has experimental support for thread-safe callbacks. This will be needed if you pass a callback function into a different thread from its instantiation context. You can enable it with the optional <code>threadsafe</code> parameter.</p><p>Currently, thread-safe callbacks work best when run from another thread that is running JavaScript code, i.e. a <a href="/docs/api/workers"><code>Worker</code></a>. A future version of Bun will enable them to be called from any thread (such as new threads spawned by your native library that Bun is not aware of).</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> searchIterator </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">JSCallback</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> (</span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">ptr</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">length</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">) </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=></span><span style="color: #F1FA8C"> </span><span style="color: #FF5555">/</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">hello</span><span style="color: #FF5555">/</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">test</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">CString</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(ptr, length)),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bool</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">ptr</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">usize</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> threadsafe</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">true</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// Optional. Defaults to `false`</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="KjSXwLXTITTR" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#KjSXwLXTITTR");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`const searchIterator = new JSCallback( (ptr, length) => /hello/.test(new CString(ptr, length)), { returns: "bool", args: ["ptr", "usize"], threadsafe: true, // Optional. Defaults to \`false\` }, );`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><div class="callout dark mx-[calc(-1*var(--horizontal-padding))] my-0 border-b border-t border-b-gray-200 border-t-gray-200 bg-gray-100 px-4 py-[13px] text-[92%] leading-6 dark:border-b-gray-900 dark:border-t-gray-900 dark:bg-gray-800 md:mx-0 md:my-5 md:rounded-[5px] md:border md:border-gray-200 md:py-[13px] dark:md:border-gray-900"><p><strong>⚡️ Performance tip</strong> — For a slight performance boost, directly pass <code>JSCallback.prototype.ptr</code> instead of the <code>JSCallback</code> object:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> onResolve </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">JSCallback</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">arg</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=></span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> arg </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">===</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">42</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bool</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">i32</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">});</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> setOnResolve </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">CFunction</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">({</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bool</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">function</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> ptr</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myNativeLibrarySetOnResolve,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">});</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// This code runs slightly faster:</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #50FA7B">setOnResolve</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(onResolve.ptr);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// Compared to this:</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #50FA7B">setOnResolve</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(onResolve);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="fMtmAmWrjNqX" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#fMtmAmWrjNqX");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`const onResolve = new JSCallback(arg => arg === 42, { returns: "bool", args: ["i32"], }); const setOnResolve = new CFunction({ returns: "bool", args: ["function"], ptr: myNativeLibrarySetOnResolve, }); // This code runs slightly faster: setOnResolve(onResolve.ptr); // Compared to this: setOnResolve(onResolve);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div></div><h2 level="2" anchor-id="pointers" id="pointers" class="anchored "><a name="pointers" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#pointers" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Pointers</a></h2><p>Bun represents <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pointer_(computer_programming)">pointers</a> as a <code>number</code> in JavaScript.</p><div class="details group my-[1.25em] overflow-hidden rounded-[5px] border border-gray-300 bg-gray-100 text-[92%] dark:border dark:border-gray-800 dark:bg-gray-900 md:bg-transparent"><div class="flex cursor-pointer select-none flex-row items-center justify-start bg-gray-100 py-[8px] pl-[9px] pr-[9px] hover:bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-900 dark:group-hover:bg-gray-800" id="yMqRkuZeWl-summary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" id="yMqRkuZeWl-closed" class="w-[21px] py-[2px] pr-[4px]"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M16.28 11.47a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-7.5 7.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06-1.06L14.69 12 7.72 5.03a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l7.5 7.5Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" id="yMqRkuZeWl-open" class="hidden w-[21px] py-[2px] pr-[4px]"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12.53 16.28a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0l-7.5-7.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06L12 14.69l6.97-6.97a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-7.5 7.5Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><p class="m-0">How does a 64 bit pointer fit in a JavaScript number?</p></div><div id="yMqRkuZeWl-details" class="pointer hidden border-t border-gray-200 px-4 dark:border-gray-800"><div class="mt-[1.25em] h-0"></div><p>64-bit processors support up to <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/64-bit_computing#Limits_of_processors">52 bits of addressable space</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-precision_floating-point_format#IEEE_754_double-precision_binary_floating-point_format:_binary64">JavaScript numbers</a> support 53 bits of usable space, so that leaves us with about 11 bits of extra space.</p><p><strong>Why not <code>BigInt</code>?</strong> <code>BigInt</code> is slower. JavaScript engines allocate a separate <code>BigInt</code> which means they can't fit into a regular JavaScript value. If you pass a <code>BigInt</code> to a function, it will be converted to a <code>number</code></p><div class="mt-[1.25em] h-0"></div></div><script>document.querySelector("#yMqRkuZeWl-summary").addEventListener("click",()=>{const deets=document.querySelector("#yMqRkuZeWl-details");const open=document.querySelector("#yMqRkuZeWl-open");const closed=document.querySelector("#yMqRkuZeWl-closed");if(deets.classList.contains("hidden")){deets.classList.remove("hidden");open.classList.remove("hidden");closed.classList.add("hidden")}else{deets.classList.add("hidden");open.classList.add("hidden");closed.classList.remove("hidden")}});</script></div><p>To convert from a <code>TypedArray</code> to a pointer:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { ptr } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">let</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myTypedArray </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">Uint8Array</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myPtr </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">ptr</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myTypedArray);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="CdeAjzGspRkM" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#CdeAjzGspRkM");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { ptr } from "bun:ffi"; let myTypedArray = new Uint8Array(32); const myPtr = ptr(myTypedArray);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>To convert from a pointer to an <code>ArrayBuffer</code>:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { ptr, toArrayBuffer } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">let</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myTypedArray </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">Uint8Array</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myPtr </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">ptr</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myTypedArray);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// toArrayBuffer accepts a `byteOffset` and `byteLength`</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// if `byteLength` is not provided, it is assumed to be a null-terminated pointer</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">myTypedArray </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">Uint8Array</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">toArrayBuffer</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myPtr, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">0</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">), </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">0</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="styYFPwSHdSc" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#styYFPwSHdSc");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { ptr, toArrayBuffer } from "bun:ffi"; let myTypedArray = new Uint8Array(32); const myPtr = ptr(myTypedArray); // toArrayBuffer accepts a \`byteOffset\` and \`byteLength\` // if \`byteLength\` is not provided, it is assumed to be a null-terminated pointer myTypedArray = new Uint8Array(toArrayBuffer(myPtr, 0, 32), 0, 32);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>To read data from a pointer, you have two options. For long-lived pointers, use a <code>DataView</code>:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { toArrayBuffer } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">let</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myDataView </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">DataView</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">toArrayBuffer</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myPtr, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">0</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">));</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">console.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">log</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myDataView.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">getUint8</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">0</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">true</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myDataView.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">getUint8</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">1</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">true</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myDataView.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">getUint8</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">2</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">true</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myDataView.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">getUint8</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">3</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">true</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="ARmfKZwZJQtn" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#ARmfKZwZJQtn");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { toArrayBuffer } from "bun:ffi"; let myDataView = new DataView(toArrayBuffer(myPtr, 0, 32)); console.log( myDataView.getUint8(0, true), myDataView.getUint8(1, true), myDataView.getUint8(2, true), myDataView.getUint8(3, true), );`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>For short-lived pointers, use <code>read</code>:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { read } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">console.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">log</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// ptr, byteOffset</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> read.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">u8</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myPtr, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">0</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> read.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">u8</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myPtr, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">1</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> read.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">u8</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myPtr, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">2</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> read.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">u8</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myPtr, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">3</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">),</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="TItKLooUqvuZ" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#TItKLooUqvuZ");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { read } from "bun:ffi"; console.log( // ptr, byteOffset read.u8(myPtr, 0), read.u8(myPtr, 1), read.u8(myPtr, 2), read.u8(myPtr, 3), );`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>The <code>read</code> function behaves similarly to <code>DataView</code>, but it's usually faster because it doesn't need to create a <code>DataView</code> or <code>ArrayBuffer</code>.</p><div class="TableWrapper"><table><thead><tr><th><code>FFIType</code></th><th><code>read</code> function</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>ptr</td><td><code>read.ptr</code></td></tr><tr><td>i8</td><td><code>read.i8</code></td></tr><tr><td>i16</td><td><code>read.i16</code></td></tr><tr><td>i32</td><td><code>read.i32</code></td></tr><tr><td>i64</td><td><code>read.i64</code></td></tr><tr><td>u8</td><td><code>read.u8</code></td></tr><tr><td>u16</td><td><code>read.u16</code></td></tr><tr><td>u32</td><td><code>read.u32</code></td></tr><tr><td>u64</td><td><code>read.u64</code></td></tr><tr><td>f32</td><td><code>read.f32</code></td></tr><tr><td>f64</td><td><code>read.f64</code></td></tr></tbody></table></div><h3 level="3" anchor-id="memory-management" id="memory-management" class="anchored "><a name="memory-management" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#memory-management" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Memory management</a></h3><p><code>bun:ffi</code> does not manage memory for you. You must free the memory when you're done with it.</p><h4 level="4" id="from-javascript">From JavaScript</h4><p>If you want to track when a <code>TypedArray</code> is no longer in use from JavaScript, you can use a <a href="https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/FinalizationRegistry">FinalizationRegistry</a>.</p><h4 level="4" id="from-c-rust-zig-etc">From C, Rust, Zig, etc</h4><p>If you want to track when a <code>TypedArray</code> is no longer in use from C or FFI, you can pass a callback and an optional context pointer to <code>toArrayBuffer</code> or <code>toBuffer</code>. This function is called at some point later, once the garbage collector frees the underlying <code>ArrayBuffer</code> JavaScript object.</p><p>The expected signature is the same as in <a href="https://developer.apple.com/documentation/javascriptcore/jstypedarraybytesdeallocator?language=objc">JavaScriptCore's C API</a>:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">typedef</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">void</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> (</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">*</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">JSTypedArrayBytesDeallocator)(</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">void</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">*</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">bytes, </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">void</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">*</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">deallocatorContext);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="vainMffwnYZK" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#vainMffwnYZK");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`typedef void (*JSTypedArrayBytesDeallocator)(void *bytes, void *deallocatorContext);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { toArrayBuffer } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// with a deallocatorContext:</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #50FA7B">toArrayBuffer</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> bytes,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> byteOffset,</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> byteLength,</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// this is an optional pointer to a callback</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> deallocatorContext,</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// this is a pointer to a function</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> jsTypedArrayBytesDeallocator,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// without a deallocatorContext:</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #50FA7B">toArrayBuffer</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> bytes,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> byteOffset,</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> byteLength,</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// this is a pointer to a function</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> jsTypedArrayBytesDeallocator,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="dYeuqUPIlPOq" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#dYeuqUPIlPOq");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { toArrayBuffer } from "bun:ffi"; // with a deallocatorContext: toArrayBuffer( bytes, byteOffset, byteLength, // this is an optional pointer to a callback deallocatorContext, // this is a pointer to a function jsTypedArrayBytesDeallocator, ); // without a deallocatorContext: toArrayBuffer( bytes, byteOffset, byteLength, // this is a pointer to a function jsTypedArrayBytesDeallocator, );`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><h3 level="3" anchor-id="memory-safety" id="memory-safety" class="anchored "><a name="memory-safety" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#memory-safety" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Memory safety</a></h3><p>Using raw pointers outside of FFI is extremely not recommended. A future version of Bun may add a CLI flag to disable <code>bun:ffi</code>.</p><h3 level="3" anchor-id="pointer-alignment" id="pointer-alignment" class="anchored "><a name="pointer-alignment" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#pointer-alignment" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Pointer alignment</a></h3><p>If an API expects a pointer sized to something other than <code>char</code> or <code>u8</code>, make sure the <code>TypedArray</code> is also that size. A <code>u64*</code> is not exactly the same as <code>[8]u8*</code> due to alignment.</p><h3 level="3" anchor-id="passing-a-pointer" id="passing-a-pointer" class="anchored "><a name="passing-a-pointer" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#passing-a-pointer" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Passing a pointer</a></h3><p>Where FFI functions expect a pointer, pass a <code>TypedArray</code> of equivalent size:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { dlopen, FFIType } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">symbols</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { encode_png },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">} </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">dlopen</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myLibraryPath, {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> encode_png</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// FFIType's can be specified as strings too</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">ptr</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">u32</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">u32</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> FFIType.ptr,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">});</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> pixels </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">Uint8ClampedArray</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">*</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">*</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">4</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">pixels.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">fill</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">254</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">pixels.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">subarray</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">0</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">*</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">32</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">*</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">2</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">).</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">fill</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">0</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> out </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">encode_png</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// pixels will be passed as a pointer</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> pixels,</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="tRgodsDCJLub" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#tRgodsDCJLub");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { dlopen, FFIType } from "bun:ffi"; const { symbols: { encode_png }, } = dlopen(myLibraryPath, { encode_png: { // FFIType's can be specified as strings too args: ["ptr", "u32", "u32"], returns: FFIType.ptr, }, }); const pixels = new Uint8ClampedArray(128 * 128 * 4); pixels.fill(254); pixels.subarray(0, 32 * 32 * 2).fill(0); const out = encode_png( // pixels will be passed as a pointer pixels, 128, 128, );`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><p>The <a href="https://github.com/oven-sh/bun/blob/6a65631cbdcae75bfa1e64323a6ad613a922cd1a/src/bun.js/ffi.exports.js#L180-L182">auto-generated wrapper</a> converts the pointer to a <code>TypedArray</code>.</p><div class="details group my-[1.25em] overflow-hidden rounded-[5px] border border-gray-300 bg-gray-100 text-[92%] dark:border dark:border-gray-800 dark:bg-gray-900 md:bg-transparent"><div class="flex cursor-pointer select-none flex-row items-center justify-start bg-gray-100 py-[8px] pl-[9px] pr-[9px] hover:bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-900 dark:group-hover:bg-gray-800" id="KMsQqfoYpm-summary"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" id="KMsQqfoYpm-closed" class="w-[21px] py-[2px] pr-[4px]"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M16.28 11.47a.75.75 0 0 1 0 1.06l-7.5 7.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06-1.06L14.69 12 7.72 5.03a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l7.5 7.5Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" id="KMsQqfoYpm-open" class="hidden w-[21px] py-[2px] pr-[4px]"><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M12.53 16.28a.75.75 0 0 1-1.06 0l-7.5-7.5a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06L12 14.69l6.97-6.97a.75.75 0 1 1 1.06 1.06l-7.5 7.5Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><p class="m-0">Hardmode</p></div><div id="KMsQqfoYpm-details" class="pointer hidden border-t border-gray-200 px-4 dark:border-gray-800"><div class="mt-[1.25em] h-0"></div><p>If you don't want the automatic conversion or you want a pointer to a specific byte offset within the <code>TypedArray</code>, you can also directly get the pointer to the <code>TypedArray</code>:</p><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">import</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { dlopen, FFIType, ptr } </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">from</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">bun:ffi</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">;</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FFB86C; font-style: italic">symbols</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> { encode_png },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">} </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">dlopen</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(myLibraryPath, {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> encode_png</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> {</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// FFIType's can be specified as strings too</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> args</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> [</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">ptr</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">u32</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, </span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">u32</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">],</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> returns</span><span style="color: #FF79C6">:</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> FFIType.ptr,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> },</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">});</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> pixels </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">Uint8ClampedArray</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">*</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">*</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">4</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">pixels.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">fill</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #BD93F9">254</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// this returns a number! not a BigInt!</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myPtr </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">ptr</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(pixels);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> out </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">encode_png</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> myPtr,</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// dimensions:</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="pqlgIeWnfzWi" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#pqlgIeWnfzWi");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`import { dlopen, FFIType, ptr } from "bun:ffi"; const { symbols: { encode_png }, } = dlopen(myLibraryPath, { encode_png: { // FFIType's can be specified as strings too args: ["ptr", "u32", "u32"], returns: FFIType.ptr, }, }); const pixels = new Uint8ClampedArray(128 * 128 * 4); pixels.fill(254); // this returns a number! not a BigInt! const myPtr = ptr(pixels); const out = encode_png( myPtr, // dimensions: 128, 128, );`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div><div class="mt-[1.25em] h-0"></div></div><script>document.querySelector("#KMsQqfoYpm-summary").addEventListener("click",()=>{const deets=document.querySelector("#KMsQqfoYpm-details");const open=document.querySelector("#KMsQqfoYpm-open");const closed=document.querySelector("#KMsQqfoYpm-closed");if(deets.classList.contains("hidden")){deets.classList.remove("hidden");open.classList.remove("hidden");closed.classList.add("hidden")}else{deets.classList.add("hidden");open.classList.add("hidden");closed.classList.remove("hidden")}});</script></div><h3 level="3" anchor-id="reading-pointers" id="reading-pointers" class="anchored "><a name="reading-pointers" class="relative top-[-80px] h-0 invisible block"></a><a href="#reading-pointers" class="no-underline hover:no-underline font-bold hover:none cursor-default">Reading pointers</a></h3><div class="CodeBlock "><div class="relative "><div><pre class="shiki" style="background-color: #282A36"><code><span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">const</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> out </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #50FA7B">encode_png</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// pixels will be passed as a pointer</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> pixels,</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #6272A4">// dimensions:</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #BD93F9">128</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">,</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #F8F8F2">);</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// assuming it is 0-terminated, it can be read like this:</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">let</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> png </span><span style="color: #FF79C6">=</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #FF79C6; font-weight: bold">new</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> </span><span style="color: #8BE9FD; font-style: italic">Uint8Array</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">toArrayBuffer</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(out));</span></span> <span class="line"></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #6272A4">// save it to disk:</span></span> <span class="line"><span style="color: #FF79C6">await</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2"> Bun.</span><span style="color: #50FA7B">write</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">(</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F1FA8C">out.png</span><span style="color: #E9F284">"</span><span style="color: #F8F8F2">, png);</span></span> <span class="line"></span></code></pre></div><div id="hoqZRAkOTZDD" class="CopyIcon copy absolute right-[6px] "><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="clipboard h-7 w-7 cursor-pointer p-1 text-white opacity-70 hover:opacity-100 "><path stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" d="M16.5 8.25V6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25-2.25H6A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 3.75 6v8.25A2.25 2.25 0 0 0 6 16.5h2.25m8.25-8.25H18a2.25 2.25 0 0 1 2.25 2.25V18A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 18 20.25h-7.5A2.25 2.25 0 0 1 8.25 18v-1.5m8.25-8.25h-6a2.25 2.25 0 0 0-2.25 2.25v6"></path></svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="currentColor" aria-hidden="true" data-slot="icon" class="check hidden h-7 w-7 p-1 text-white "><path fill-rule="evenodd" d="M19.916 4.626a.75.75 0 0 1 .208 1.04l-9 13.5a.75.75 0 0 1-1.154.114l-6-6a.75.75 0 0 1 1.06-1.06l5.353 5.353 8.493-12.74a.75.75 0 0 1 1.04-.207Z" clip-rule="evenodd"></path></svg><script>document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",()=>{const clicker=document.querySelector("#hoqZRAkOTZDD");clicker.addEventListener("click",(ev)=>{navigator.clipboard.writeText(`const out = encode_png( // pixels will be passed as a pointer pixels, // dimensions: 128, 128, ); // assuming it is 0-terminated, it can be read like this: let png = new Uint8Array(toArrayBuffer(out)); // save it to disk: await Bun.write("out.png", png);`).then(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.add("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.remove("hidden");setTimeout(()=>{clicker.querySelector(".clipboard").classList.remove("hidden");clicker.querySelector(".check").classList.add("hidden")},2500)})})});</script></div></div></div></article><div class="h-12"></div></div><div class="ml-auto mr-auto w-full max-w-screen-md px-4"><div class="flex flex-row justify-between gap-2"><a href="/docs/api/console" class="hover group flex-1 no-underline hover:transform-none hover:no-underline"><div class="button flex items-center justify-between rounded-lg border border-gray-300 px-3 py-3 text-lg no-underline group-hover:border-gray-400 group-hover:bg-gray-100 dark:border-gray-600 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