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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="content"> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><script>function mfTempOpenSection(id){var block=document.getElementById("mf-section-"+id);block.className+=" open-block";block.previousSibling.className+=" open-block";}</script><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><section class="mf-section-0" id="mf-section-0"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the European secondary education program. For the variant in Germany, see <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(Germany)" title="Gymnasium (Germany)">Gymnasium (Germany)</a>. For the variant in Denmark, see <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(Denmark)" title="Gymnasium (Denmark)">Gymnasium (Denmark)</a>.</div> Gymnasium (and <a class="mw-selflink-fragment" href="#By_country">variations</a> of the word; <abbr title="plural form">pl.</abbr> gymnasia<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a>) is a term in various European languages for a secondary school that prepares students for <a href="/wiki/Higher_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education">higher education</a> at a <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a>. It is comparable to the US English term <a href="/wiki/University-preparatory_school" class="mw-redirect" title="University-preparatory school">preparatory high school</a> or the British term <a href="/wiki/Grammar_school" title="Grammar school">grammar school</a>. Before the 20th century, the gymnasium system was a widespread feature of educational systems throughout many European countries. <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paderborn_-_2016-09-14_-_Theodorianum_(4).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Paderborn_-_2016-09-14_-_Theodorianum_%284%29.jpg/250px-Paderborn_-_2016-09-14_-_Theodorianum_%284%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="212" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Paderborn_-_2016-09-14_-_Theodorianum_%284%29.jpg/375px-Paderborn_-_2016-09-14_-_Theodorianum_%284%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Paderborn_-_2016-09-14_-_Theodorianum_%284%29.jpg/500px-Paderborn_-_2016-09-14_-_Theodorianum_%284%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3386"></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_Theodorianum" title="Gymnasium Theodorianum">Gymnasium Theodorianum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Paderborn" title="Paderborn">Paderborn</a>, Germany, one of the oldest schools in the world</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Melk_-_Stift_(0).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Melk_-_Stift_%280%29.JPG/250px-Melk_-_Stift_%280%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="250" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Melk_-_Stift_%280%29.JPG/375px-Melk_-_Stift_%280%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Melk_-_Stift_%280%29.JPG/500px-Melk_-_Stift_%280%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3700" data-file-height="2549"></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Stiftsgymnasium_Melk" title="Stiftsgymnasium Melk">Stiftsgymnasium Melk</a>, the oldest continuously operating school in Austria</figcaption></figure> The word γυμνάσιον (gumnásion), from Greek γυμνός (gumnós) 'naked' or 'nude', was first used in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">Ancient Greece</a>, in the sense of a place for both physical and intellectual education of young men. The latter meaning of a place of intellectual education persisted in many European languages (including <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgarian_language" title="Bulgarian language">Bulgarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_language" title="Czech language">Czech</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonian_language" title="Estonian language">Estonian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungarian_language" title="Hungarian language">Hungarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Macedonian_language" title="Macedonian language">Macedonian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polish_language" title="Polish language">Polish</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Germanic_languages" title="North Germanic languages">Scandinavian languages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatian_language" title="Croatian language">Croatian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbian_language" title="Serbian language">Serbian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovak_language" title="Slovak language">Slovak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Slovene_language" title="Slovene language">Slovenian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_language" title="Ukrainian language">Ukrainian</a>), whereas in other languages, like English (gymnasium, gym) and <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a> (gimnasio), the former meaning of a place for physical education was retained. <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#School_structure">1 School structure</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#History">2 History</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#By_country">3 By country</a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Albania">3.1 Albania</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Austria">3.2 Austria</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Belarus">3.3 Belarus</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Czech_Republic_and_Slovakia">3.4 Czech Republic and Slovakia</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-8"><a href="#Germany">3.5 Germany</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-9"><a href="#Italy">3.6 Italy</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-10"><a href="#Netherlands">3.7 Netherlands</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-11"><a href="#Nordic_and_Baltic_countries">3.8 Nordic and Baltic countries</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-12"><a href="#Switzerland">3.9 Switzerland</a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-13"><a href="#Former_Yugoslav_countries">3.10 Former Yugoslav countries</a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#Countries_with_gymnasium_systems">4 Countries with gymnasium systems</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#Final_degree">5 Final degree</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#Relationship_with_other_education_facilities">6 Relationship with other education facilities</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-17"><a href="#See_also">7 See also</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-18"><a href="#Explanatory_notes">8 Explanatory notes</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-19"><a href="#Citations">9 Citations</a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-20"><a href="#External_links">10 External links</a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><h2 id="School_structure">School structure</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: School structure" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> Because gymnasia prepare students for university study, they are thus meant for the more academically minded students, who are sifted out between the ages of 10 and 13. In addition to the usual curriculum, students of a gymnasium often study <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a>. Some gymnasia provide general education, while others have a specific focus. (This also differs from country to country.) The four traditional branches are: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Humanities" title="Humanities">humanities</a> (specializing in classical languages, such as <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Greek</a>)</li> <li>modern languages (students are required to study at least three languages)</li> <li>mathematics and physical sciences</li> <li>economics and other social sciences (students are required to study <a href="/wiki/Economics" title="Economics">economics</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_history_(field)" title="World history (field)">world history</a>, <a href="/wiki/Social_studies" title="Social studies">social studies</a> or <a href="/wiki/Business_informatics" title="Business informatics">business informatics</a>)</li></ul> Curricula differ from school to school but generally include literature, mathematics, <a href="/wiki/Informatics_(academic_field)" class="mw-redirect" title="Informatics (academic field)">informatics</a>, physics, chemistry, biology, geography, art (as well as crafts and design), music, history, philosophy, <a href="/wiki/Civics" title="Civics">civics</a>/citizenship,<a href="#cite_note-fn1-2">[note 1]</a> social sciences, and several foreign languages. Schools concentrate not only on academic subjects, but also on producing well-rounded individuals, so physical education and religion or ethics are compulsory, even in <a href="/wiki/Non-denominational" title="Non-denominational">non-denominational</a> schools which are prevalent. For example, the German constitution guarantees the separation of church and state, so although religion or ethics classes are compulsory, students may choose to study a specific religion or none at all. Today, a number of other areas of specialization exist, such as gymnasia specializing in economics, technology or domestic sciences. In some countries, there is a notion of <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style>progymnasium, which is equivalent to beginning classes of the full gymnasium, with the rights to continue education in a gymnasium. Here, the <a href="/wiki/Prefix" title="Prefix">prefix</a> pro- is equivalent to pre-, indicating that this curriculum precedes normal gymnasium studies. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><h2 id="History">History</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> In Central European, <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Benelux" title="Benelux">Benelux</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baltic_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltic countries">Baltic</a> countries, this meaning for "gymnasium" (that is a secondary school preparing the student for <a href="/wiki/Higher_education" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher education">higher education</a> at a university) has been the same at least since the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Protestant Reformation</a> in the 16th century. The term was derived from the <a href="/wiki/Classical_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical Greek">classical Greek</a> word γυμνάσιον (gymnasion), which was originally applied to an exercising ground in ancient <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a>. Here teachers gathered and gave instruction between the hours devoted to physical exercises and sports, and thus the term became associated with and came to mean an institution of learning.<a href="#cite_note-americana-3">[2]</a> This use of the term did not prevail among the <a href="/wiki/Education_in_ancient_Rome" title="Education in ancient Rome">Romans</a>, but was revived during the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Renaissance" title="Italian Renaissance">Renaissance in Italy</a>, and from there passed into the Netherlands and Germany during the 15th century. In 1538, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Sturm" title="Johannes Sturm">Johannes Sturm</a> founded at <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a> the <a href="/wiki/Jean_Sturm_Gymnasium" title="Jean Sturm Gymnasium">school which became the model</a> of the modern German gymnasium.<a href="#cite_note-Moore-4">[3]</a> In 1812, a <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussian</a> regulation ordered all schools with the right to send their students to the university to bear the name of gymnasium. By the 20th century, this practice was followed in almost the entire <a href="/wiki/Austria-Hungary" title="Austria-Hungary">Austrian-Hungarian</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empires</a>.<a href="#cite_note-americana-3">[2]</a> In the modern era, many countries which have gymnasia were once part of these three empires. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><h2 id="By_country">By country</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: By country" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Albania">Albania</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Albania" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In Albania, a gymnasium (<a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>: Gjimnaz) education takes three years following a compulsory nine-year elementary education and ending with a final aptitude test called <a href="/wiki/Albanian_language" title="Albanian language">Albanian</a>: <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">Matura</a> Shtetërore. The final test is standardized at the state level and serves as an entrance qualification for universities. These can be either public (state-run, tuition-free) or private (fee-paying). The subjects taught are mathematics, Albanian language, one to three foreign languages, history, geography, computer science, the natural sciences (biology, chemistry, physics), history of art, music, philosophy, logic, physical education, and the social sciences (sociology, ethics, psychology, politics and economy). The gymnasium is generally viewed as a destination for the best-performing students and as the type of school that serves primarily to prepare students for university, while other students go to technical/vocational schools. Therefore, gymnasia often base their admittance criteria on an entrance exam, elementary school grades, or some combination of the two. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Austria">Austria</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Austria" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In Austria the Gymnasium has two stages, from the age of 11 to 14, and from 15 to 18, concluding with <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">Matura</a>. Historically, three types existed. The Humanistisches Gymnasium focuses on <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>. The Neusprachliches Gymnasium puts its focus on actively spoken languages. The usual combination is English, French, and Latin; sometimes French can be swapped with another foreign language (like Italian, Spanish or Russian). The Realgymnasium emphasizes the sciences. In the last few decades, more autonomy has been granted to schools, and various types have been developed, focusing on sports, music, or economics, for example. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Belarus">Belarus</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Belarus" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In Belarus, gymnasium is the highest variant of secondary education, which provides advanced knowledge in various subjects. The number of years of instruction at a gymnasium is 11. However, it is possible to cover all required credits in 11 years, by taking additional subjects each semester. In Belarus, gymnasium is generally viewed as a destination for the best-performing students and as the type of school that serves primarily to prepare students for university. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Czech_Republic_and_Slovakia">Czech Republic and Slovakia</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Czech Republic and Slovakia" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Slovakia#Secondary_education" title="Education in Slovakia">Education in Slovakia § Secondary education</a></div> In the <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a>, gymnázium (also spelled gymnasium) is a type of school that provides secondary education. Secondary schools, including gymnázium, lead to the <a href="/wiki/Maturita" class="mw-redirect" title="Maturita">maturita</a> exam. There are different types of gymnázium distinguished by the length of study. In the Czech Republic there are eight-year, six-year, and four-year types, and in <a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia">Slovakia</a> there are eight-year and four-year types, of which the latter is more common. In both countries, there are also bilingual (Czech or Slovak with English, French, Spanish, Italian, German, or Russian; in Slovakia, bilingual gymnáziums are five-year) and private gymnáziums. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Germany">Germany</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Germany" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(Germany)" title="Gymnasium (Germany)">Gymnasium (Germany)</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maulbronn_Hof_und_Kirche.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Maulbronn_Hof_und_Kirche.jpg/220px-Maulbronn_Hof_und_Kirche.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="528"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 145px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Maulbronn_Hof_und_Kirche.jpg/220px-Maulbronn_Hof_und_Kirche.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="145" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Maulbronn_Hof_und_Kirche.jpg/330px-Maulbronn_Hof_und_Kirche.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Maulbronn_Hof_und_Kirche.jpg/440px-Maulbronn_Hof_und_Kirche.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Seminaries_of_Maulbronn_and_Blaubeuren" title="Evangelical Seminaries of Maulbronn and Blaubeuren">Evangelical Seminaries of Maulbronn and Blaubeuren</a> – picture showing church and courtyard</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F079063-0034,_Bonn,_Gymnasium,_Chemieunterricht.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F079063-0034%2C_Bonn%2C_Gymnasium%2C_Chemieunterricht.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F079063-0034%2C_Bonn%2C_Gymnasium%2C_Chemieunterricht.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="139" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="504"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 139px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F079063-0034%2C_Bonn%2C_Gymnasium%2C_Chemieunterricht.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F079063-0034%2C_Bonn%2C_Gymnasium%2C_Chemieunterricht.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="139" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F079063-0034%2C_Bonn%2C_Gymnasium%2C_Chemieunterricht.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F079063-0034%2C_Bonn%2C_Gymnasium%2C_Chemieunterricht.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F079063-0034%2C_Bonn%2C_Gymnasium%2C_Chemieunterricht.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_B_145_Bild-F079063-0034%2C_Bonn%2C_Gymnasium%2C_Chemieunterricht.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Chemistry lesson, <a href="/wiki/Bonn" title="Bonn">Bonn</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a>, 1988</figcaption></figure> German gymnasia are selective schools. They offer the most academically promising youngsters a quality education<a href="#cite_note-5">[4]</a> that is free in all state-run schools (and generally not above €50/month cost in Church-run schools, though there are some expensive private schools). Gymnasia may expel students who academically under-perform their classmates or behave in a way that is often seen as undesirable and unacceptable. Historically, the German Gymnasium also included in its overall accelerated curriculum post-secondary education at college level and the degree awarded substituted for the bachelor's degree (Baccalaureate)<a href="#cite_note-6">[5]</a> previously awarded by a college or university so that universities in Germany became exclusively graduate schools. In the United States, the German Gymnasium curriculum was used at a number of prestigious universities, such as the University of Michigan, as a model for their undergraduate college programs.<a href="#cite_note-7">[6]</a> Pupils study subjects such as German, mathematics, physics, chemistry, geography, biology, arts, music, physical education, religion, history and <a href="/wiki/Civics" title="Civics">civics</a>/citizenship/<a href="/wiki/Social_science" title="Social science">social sciences</a><a href="#cite_note-fn1-2">[note 1]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Informatics_(academic_field)" class="mw-redirect" title="Informatics (academic field)">computer science</a>. They are also required to study at least two foreign languages. The usual combinations are English and French or English and <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>, although many schools make it possible to combine English with another language, most often Spanish, <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a>, or Russian. Religious education classes are a part of the curricula of all German schools, yet not compulsory; a student or their parents or guardians can conscientiously object to taking them, in which case the student (along with those whose religion is not being taught in the school) is taught <a href="/wiki/Ethics" title="Ethics">ethics</a> or philosophy. In-state schools, a student who is not baptized into either the Catholic or Protestant faiths is allowed to choose which of these classes to take.<a href="#cite_note-8">[7]</a> The only exception to this is in the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">state</a> of <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, where the subject ethics is mandatory for all students and (Christian) religious studies can only be chosen additionally. A similar situation is found in <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a> where the subject life skills, ethics, and religious education (Lebensgestaltung, Ethik, Religionskunde, LER) is the primary subject but parents/guardians or students older than 13 can choose to replace it with (Christian) religious studies or take both. The intention behind LER is that students should get an objective insight on questions of personal development and ethics as well as on the major world religions.<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a> For younger students nearly the entire curriculum of a gymnasium is compulsory; in higher years additional subjects are available and some of the hitherto compulsory subjects can be dropped, but the choice is not as wide as in other school systems, such as US high schools. Although some specialist gymnasia have English or French as the language of instruction, at most gymnasia lessons (apart from foreign language courses) are conducted in <a href="/wiki/Standard_German" title="Standard German">Standard German</a>.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] The number of years of instruction at a gymnasium differs between the states. It varies between six and seven years in Berlin and <a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a> (primary school is six years in both as opposed to four years in the rest of Germany) and eight in <a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a> among others. While in <a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a> students have never been taught more than eight years in Gymnasium (by default), nearly all states now conduct the <a href="/wiki/Abitur" title="Abitur">Abitur</a> examinations, which complete the Gymnasium education, after 13 years of primary school and Gymnasium combined. In addition, some states offer a 12-year curriculum leading to the Abitur. These final examinations are now centrally drafted and controlled (Zentralabitur) in all German states except for <a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a> and provide a qualification to attend any German university. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Italy">Italy</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Italy" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Weasel plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Weasel" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article contains <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Unsupported_attributions" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">weasel words</a>: vague phrasing that often accompanies <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Neutral_point_of_view" title="Wikipedia:Neutral point of view">biased</a> or <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">unverifiable</a> information. Such statements should be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch">clarified or removed</a>. (February 2019)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> In Italy originally the ginnasio indicated a type of five-year <a href="/wiki/Junior_high_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Junior high school">junior high school</a> (age 11 to 16) and preparing to the three year <a href="/wiki/Liceo_Classico" class="mw-redirect" title="Liceo Classico">Classical Lyceum</a> (age 16 to 19), a high school focusing on <a href="/wiki/Classical_studies" class="mw-redirect" title="Classical studies">classical studies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Humanities" title="Humanities">humanities</a>. After the school reform that unified the junior high school system, the term ginnasio stayed to indicate the first two year of Liceo Classico, now five years long. An Italian high school student who enrolls in Liceo Classico follows this study path: Quarta Ginnasio (gymnasium fourth year, age 14), Quinta Ginnasio (gymnasium fifth year, age 15), Prima Liceo (lyceum first year, age 16), Seconda Liceo (lyceum second year, age 17) and Terza Liceo (lyceum third year, age 18). Some believe this still has some sense, since the two-year ginnasio has a differently oriented curriculum from the Liceo. Ginnasio students spend the majority of their schooling studying Greek and Latin grammar, laying the bases for the "higher" and more in depth set of studies of the Liceo, such as Greek and Latin literature and philosophy. In July 1940 the fascist Minister of National Education <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Bottai" title="Giuseppe Bottai">Giuseppe Bottai</a> got a bill of law approved that abolished the first three years of the gymnasium and instituted a unique path of studies for children aged from 12 to 14. The last two years of the gymnasium kept the previous denomination and the related scholastic curriculum for the following decades.<a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Netherlands">Netherlands</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Netherlands" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In the Netherlands, gymnasium is the highest variant of secondary education, offering the academically most promising youngsters (top 5%) a quality education that is in most cases free (and in other cases at low cost).[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] It consists of six years, after eight years (including <a href="/wiki/Kindergarten" title="Kindergarten">kindergarten</a>) of primary school, in which pupils study the same subjects as their German counterparts, with the addition of compulsory <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> and Klassieke Culturele Vorming (Classical Cultural Education), history of the Ancient Greek and Roman culture and literature. Schools have some freedom in choosing their specific curriculum, with for example Spanish, Philosophy and <a href="/wiki/Technasium" title="Technasium">Technasium</a>, a very technical and highly demanding course, being available as final exams. Usually, schools will have all classes mandatory in switching combinations for the first three or so years (with the exception of Technasium which is a free choice from the second year onward), after which students will choose their subjects in the directions of Economics and Society, Culture and Society, Nature and Health, Nature and Technology or Technology. The equivalent without classical languages is called <a href="/wiki/Voorbereidend_wetenschappelijk_onderwijs" title="Voorbereidend wetenschappelijk onderwijs">Atheneum</a>, and gives access to the same university studies (although some extra classes are needed when starting a degree in classical languages or theology). All are government-funded. See <a href="/wiki/Voorbereidend_wetenschappelijk_onderwijs" title="Voorbereidend wetenschappelijk onderwijs">Voorbereidend wetenschappelijk onderwijs</a> (in English) for the full article on Dutch "preparatory scientific education". <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nordic_and_Baltic_countries">Nordic and Baltic countries</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Nordic and Baltic countries" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kuopion_Lyseon_lukio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Kuopion_Lyseon_lukio.jpg/220px-Kuopion_Lyseon_lukio.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="224" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="632" data-file-height="644"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 224px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Kuopion_Lyseon_lukio.jpg/220px-Kuopion_Lyseon_lukio.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="224" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Kuopion_Lyseon_lukio.jpg/330px-Kuopion_Lyseon_lukio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Kuopion_Lyseon_lukio.jpg/440px-Kuopion_Lyseon_lukio.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kuopio_Lyceum" class="mw-redirect" title="Kuopio Lyceum">Kuopio Lyceum</a> (Kuopion Lyseo), a gymnasium in <a href="/wiki/Kuopio" title="Kuopio">Kuopio</a>, Finland</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tallinna_%C3%95ism%C3%A4e_G%C3%BCmnaasium.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Tallinna_%C3%95ism%C3%A4e_G%C3%BCmnaasium.JPG/220px-Tallinna_%C3%95ism%C3%A4e_G%C3%BCmnaasium.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2056"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Tallinna_%C3%95ism%C3%A4e_G%C3%BCmnaasium.JPG/220px-Tallinna_%C3%95ism%C3%A4e_G%C3%BCmnaasium.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Tallinna_%C3%95ism%C3%A4e_G%C3%BCmnaasium.JPG/330px-Tallinna_%C3%95ism%C3%A4e_G%C3%BCmnaasium.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Tallinna_%C3%95ism%C3%A4e_G%C3%BCmnaasium.JPG/440px-Tallinna_%C3%95ism%C3%A4e_G%C3%BCmnaasium.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption>Tallinn Õismäe Gymnasium in <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a>, Estonia</figcaption></figure> In <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia">Latvia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, gymnasium consists of three years, usually starting at the year the students turn 16 years old after nine or ten years of primary school. In <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a>, the gymnasium usually consists of four years of schooling starting at the age of 15–16, the last year roughly corresponding to the first year of <a href="/wiki/College" title="College">college</a>. Most gymnasia in the Nordic countries are free. <a href="/wiki/Grant_(money)" title="Grant (money)">Universal student grants</a> are also available in certain countries for students over 18. In Denmark (see also <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(Denmark)" title="Gymnasium (Denmark)">Gymnasium (Denmark)</a>), there are four kinds of gymnasia: <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(Denmark)" title="Gymnasium (Denmark)">STX</a> (Regular Examination Programme), <a href="/wiki/Secondary_education_in_Denmark#Higher_Commercial_Examination_Programme" title="Secondary education in Denmark">HHX</a> (Higher Business Examination Programme), <a href="/wiki/Higher_Technical_Examination_Programme" title="Higher Technical Examination Programme">HTX</a> (Higher Technical Examination Programme) and <a href="/wiki/Higher_Preparatory_Examination_(HF)" title="Higher Preparatory Examination (HF)">HF</a> (Higher Preparatory Examination Programme). HF is only two years, instead of the three required for STX, HHX, and HTX. All different types of gymnasia (except for HF) theoretically gives the same eligibility for university. However, because of the different subjects offered, students may be better qualified in an area of further study. E.g. HHX students have subjects that make them more eligible for studies such as business studies or economics at university, while HTX offer applied science and mathematics that benefit studies in Science or Engineering. There is also EUX, which takes four to five years and ends with both the HTX (or HHX for EUX-business) exam and status as a journeyman of a craft.<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> Compared to the somewhat equivalent A-levels in the UK, Danish gymnasia have more mandatory subjects. The subjects are divided into levels, where A-levels usually run through all three years, B-levels usually two years and C-levels one year (apart from PE which exists as a C-level lasting tree years). In <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, there are two different kinds of branches of studies: the first branch focuses on giving a vocational education while the second branch focuses on giving preparation for higher education. While students from both branches can go on to study at a university, students of the vocational branch graduate with a degree within their attended program. There are 18 national programs, 12 vocational and 6 preparatory.<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> In the <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a>, there are also four kinds of gymnasia, which are the equivalents of the Danish programmes: Studentaskúli (equivalent to STX), Handilsskúli (HHX), Tekniski skúli (HTX) and HF (HF). Studentaskúli and HF are usually located at the same institutions as can be seen in the name of the institute in <a href="/wiki/Eysturoy" title="Eysturoy">Eysturoy</a>: Studentaskúlin og HF-skeiðið í Eysturoy. In <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a>, there is a single kind of gymnasium, Den Gymnasiale Uddannelse (Ilinniarnertuunngorniarneq), that replaced the earlier Greenlandic Secondary Education Programme (GU), the Greenland Higher Commercial Examination Programme (<a href="/wiki/Secondary_education_in_Denmark#Higher_Commercial_Examination_Programme" title="Secondary education in Denmark">HHX</a>) and the Greenland education to Higher Technical Examination Programme (<a href="/wiki/Higher_Technical_Examination_Programme" title="Higher Technical Examination Programme">HTX</a>), which were based on the Danish system. This program allows a more flexible Greenland gymnasium, where students based on a common foundation course can choose between different fields of study that meet the individual student's abilities and interests. The course is offered in <a href="/wiki/Aasiaat" title="Aasiaat">Aasiaat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nuuk" title="Nuuk">Nuuk</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sisimiut" title="Sisimiut">Sisimiut</a> and <a href="/wiki/Qaqortoq" title="Qaqortoq">Qaqortoq</a>, with one in <a href="/wiki/Ilulissat" title="Ilulissat">Ilulissat</a> to be opened in 2015, latest in 2016 if approved by <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Greenland" class="mw-redirect" title="Parliament of Greenland">Inatsisartut</a>. In Finland, the admissions to gymnasia are competitive, the accepted people comprising 51% of the age group.<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> The gymnasia concludes with the <a href="/wiki/Matriculation_exam_(Finland)" title="Matriculation exam (Finland)">matriculation examination</a>, an exam whose grades are the main criteria for university admissions. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Switzerland">Switzerland</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Switzerland" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> In Switzerland, gymnasia (Gymnasien, gymnases) are selective schools that provide a three- to six-year (depending on the canton) course of advanced secondary education intended to prepare students to attend university. They conclude with a nationally standardized exam, the maturité or Maturität, often shortened to "<a href="/wiki/Matura#Switzerland" title="Matura">Matura</a> or Matur", which if passed allows students to attend a Swiss university. The gymnasia are operated by the <a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland" title="Cantons of Switzerland">cantons of Switzerland</a>, and accordingly in many cantons they are called Kantonsschule (cantonal school). <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Former_Yugoslav_countries">Former Yugoslav countries</h3> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Former Yugoslav countries" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gymnasium_of_Karlovci_8196_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gymnasium_of_Karlovci_8196_01.jpg/220px-Gymnasium_of_Karlovci_8196_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 147px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gymnasium_of_Karlovci_8196_01.jpg/220px-Gymnasium_of_Karlovci_8196_01.jpg" data-width="220" data-height="147" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gymnasium_of_Karlovci_8196_01.jpg/330px-Gymnasium_of_Karlovci_8196_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Gymnasium_of_Karlovci_8196_01.jpg/440px-Gymnasium_of_Karlovci_8196_01.jpg 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Karlovci_Gymnasium" title="Karlovci Gymnasium">Karlovci Gymnasium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sremski_Karlovci" title="Sremski Karlovci">Sremski Karlovci</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peta_Gimnazija_u_Zagrebu.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Peta_Gimnazija_u_Zagrebu.JPG/220px-Peta_Gimnazija_u_Zagrebu.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 165px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Peta_Gimnazija_u_Zagrebu.JPG/220px-Peta_Gimnazija_u_Zagrebu.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="165" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Peta_Gimnazija_u_Zagrebu.JPG/330px-Peta_Gimnazija_u_Zagrebu.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Peta_Gimnazija_u_Zagrebu.JPG/440px-Peta_Gimnazija_u_Zagrebu.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/V_Gymnasium" title="V Gymnasium">V Gymnasium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></figcaption></figure> In <a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro">Montenegro</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia" title="North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia">Slovenia</a>, a gymnasium education takes four years following a compulsory eight or nine-year elementary education and ending with a final aptitude test called <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">Matura</a>. In these countries, the final test is standardized at the state level and can serve as an entrance qualification for universities. There are either public (state-run and tuition-free), religious (church-run with secular curriculum and tuition-free) or private (fee-paying) gymnasium schools in these countries. The subjects taught are mathematics, the native language, one to three foreign languages, history, geography, informatics (computers), the natural sciences (biology, chemistry, physics), history of art, music, philosophy, logic, physical education, and the social sciences (sociology, ethics or religious education, psychology, politics, and economy). Religious studies are optional. In Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Montenegro, Serbia and North Macedonia, <a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> is also a mandatory subject in all gymnasia, just as <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek" title="Ancient Greek">Ancient Greek</a> is, with Latin, in a certain type of gymnasia called Classical Gymnasia (klasična gimnazija). In all of the countries, the gymnasium (gimnazija/gjimnazi) is generally viewed as a destination for best-performing students and as the type of school that serves primarily to prepare students for university studies, while other students go to technical/vocational schools. Therefore, gymnasia often base their admittance criteria on an entrance exam, elementary school grades, or a combination of the two. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><h2 id="Countries_with_gymnasium_systems">Countries with gymnasium systems</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Countries with gymnasium systems" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-notice" role="presentation" style="width: auto;"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-text" style="width: auto;"><div class="mbox-text-span">This list is <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Lists#Incomplete_lists" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Lists">incomplete</a>; you can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit">adding missing items</a>. (August 2008)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Albania</a>: Gjimnazi three years, after nine years (four years primary school and five years lower high school) of education, ends with <a href="/wiki/Matura_Shtet%C3%ABrore" title="Matura Shtetërore">Matura Shtetërore</a> at the age of 18.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Argentina</a>: <a href="/wiki/Colegio_Nacional_de_Buenos_Aires" title="Colegio Nacional de Buenos Aires">Colegio Nacional de Buenos Aires</a>, 6 years; <a href="/wiki/Rafael_Hern%C3%A1ndez_National_College" title="Rafael Hernández National College">Rafael Hernández National College</a> of <a href="/wiki/La_Plata" title="La Plata">La Plata</a>, five years (formerly 6 years), after 7 years of primary school; and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_UNT&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gymnasium UNT (page does not exist)">Gymnasium UNT</a> eight years, ends at the age of 18.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Austria</a>: eight years, after four years of primary school; or four years, after primary school and four years of <a href="/wiki/Hauptschule" title="Hauptschule">Hauptschule</a>; ending in <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">matura</a> at the age 18.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Belarus</a>: 7 years, after four years of primary school.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Belgium</a>: 6 years, starting at age 11/13, after 6 years of primary school, ends at the age of 18 where students progress to a university.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Bolivia</a>: Deutsche Schule Mariscal Braun La Paz, 6 years, ends with Abitur.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a>: four years, starting at age 14/15 after nine years in <a href="/wiki/Elementary_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementary school">elementary school</a>, ends with <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">Matura</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Brazil</a>: Humboldt Schule of São Paulo is a German school in São Paulo. There are more Gymnasia in the country and some of them receive resources[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify">further explanation needed</a>] from the German government.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Bulgaria</a>: five years, after 7 years of primary school. Currently graduation after passing at least two <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">Maturas</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia" title="Colombia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Colombia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gimnasio_Moderno" title="Gimnasio Moderno">Gimnasio Moderno</a> (all-male, traditional Pre-K to 11th grade private school located in Bogotá, Colombia. Its founders were inspired by the original Greek to name the first "Gimnasio" in Colombia).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Croatia</a>: four years, starting at age 14/15 after eight years in elementary school, five different educational tracks: opća gimnazija (general education), klasična gimnazija (focused on Latin and Ancient Greek), jezična gimnazija (focused on modern languages), prirodoslovna gimnazija (biology, chemistry, physics) and prirodoslovno-matematička gimnazija (mathematics, physics and computer science), ends with Matura exam. Students of all tracks have compulsory classes in Latin and English as well as in at least one additional foreign language (most commonly German, Italian, Spanish and French).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus" title="Cyprus"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Cyprus</a>: three years, starting at age 12 and following 6 years of elementary school. Compulsory for all students. Followed by the non-mandatory <a href="/wiki/Lyceum" title="Lyceum">Lyceum</a> (ages 15 to 18) for students with academic aspirations or Secondary Technical and Vocational Lyceum <a href="/wiki/Vocational_education" title="Vocational education">TVE</a> for students who prefer vocational training. After successfully completing the program, students of TVE are awarded a School Leaving Certificate, which is recognized as equivalent to a Lyceum School Leaving Certificate (three-grade Senior Secondary School).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Czech Republic</a>: four years, starting at age 15 or 16; 6 years, starting at age 13 or 14 (not usual); eight years, starting at age 11 or 12; all ending in <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">matura</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Denmark</a>: three years, or four years for athletes who are part of the <a href="/wiki/Team_Danmark" title="Team Danmark">Team Danmark</a> elite sports program, and musicians, artists and actors who have chosen MGK ("Musical Elementary Course"), BGK ("Visual Arts Elementary Course") or SGK ("Performing Arts Elementary Course"), usually starting after 10 or 11 years of <a href="/wiki/Danish_Folkeskole_Education" title="Danish Folkeskole Education">primary school</a>. This is more like a prep school or the first years of college than high school. Everyone is eligible to go to a US high school, but one needs to be deemed competent to get into a gymnasium. (For more information, see <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(Denmark)" title="Gymnasium (Denmark)">Gymnasium (Denmark)</a>.) Gymnasium is also available in an intensive 2-year program leading to the <a href="/wiki/Higher_Preparatory_Examination_(HF)" title="Higher Preparatory Examination (HF)">Højere Forberedelseseksamen</a> ("Higher Preparatory Exam"), which doesn't give the same eligibility for university.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Estonia</a>: three years, after nine years of primary school.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Faroe Islands</a>: three years, usually starting after 9 or 10 years of primary school. The system is similar to the Danish system. A gymnasium-level education is also available in an intensive 2-year programme leading to <a href="/wiki/Higher_Preparatory_Examination_(HF)" title="Higher Preparatory Examination (HF)">Hægri fyrireikingarpróvtøka</a> ("Higher Preparatory Exam").</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Finland</a>: lukio (educational language is Finnish) or gymnasium (educational language is Swedish) takes two–five years (most students spend three years),<a href="#cite_note-finminedu-15">[14]</a> after nine years of primary school (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: peruskoulu, <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: grundskola); lukio starts usually in the autumn of the year when the student turns 16 and ends with the <a href="/wiki/Matriculation_exam_(Finland)" title="Matriculation exam (Finland)">matriculation examination</a>; lukio is not compulsory and its entrance can be competitive, especially in larger cities.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_France" title="Education in France"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">France</a>: the French equivalent of a gymnasium is called a <a href="/wiki/Secondary_education_in_France" title="Secondary education in France">lycée</a> (three years, after 5 years of primary school and 4 years of secondary school, age 15/18). The last year (called terminale) ends with passing the <a href="/wiki/Baccalaur%C3%A9at" title="Baccalauréat">baccalauréat</a>, an examination to enter <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Germany</a>: formerly eight–nine years depending on the <a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">state</a>—now being changed to eight years nationwide, starting at 5th (at age 11), <a href="/wiki/Abitur" title="Abitur">Abitur</a> in 12th or 13th grade; for more information, see <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(Germany)" title="Gymnasium (Germany)">Gymnasium (Germany)</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Greece" title="Education in Greece"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Greece</a>: three years, starting at age 12 after six years of primary school. Compulsory for all children, it is followed by the non-mandatory Geniko Lykeio (Γενικό Λύκειο), (<a href="/wiki/Lyceum" title="Lyceum">Lyceum</a>, ages 15–18), or the <a href="/wiki/Vocational_education" title="Vocational education">Vocational</a> Lyceum (EPAL). The EPAL School Leaving Certificate is recognized equally as a Senior Secondary School Leaving Certificate (high school).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Hungary</a>: four/six/eight years, starting after eight/six/four years of primary school, ends with Matura; see <a href="/wiki/Education_in_Hungary" title="Education in Hungary">Education in Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Iceland</a>: usually 3–4 years, starting at age 15 or 16 after 10 years of <a href="/wiki/Elementary_school" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementary school">elementary school</a>.<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Israel</a>: five schools termed "gymnasium" located in <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rishon_LeZion" title="Rishon LeZion">Rishon LeZion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Italy</a>: ginnasio is the name of the two first years of <a href="/wiki/Liceo_Classico" class="mw-redirect" title="Liceo Classico">Liceo Classico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Kyrgyzstan</a>: 7 years, after 5 years of primary school</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latvia" title="Latvia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Latvia</a>: three or six years, depending if you start from the 7th or 10th grade.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liechtenstein" title="Liechtenstein"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Liechtenstein</a>: ends with <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">Matura</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Lithuania</a>: gimnazija—usually 4 years: 2 years of basic school after 4 years of basic school and 2 years of secondary school, sometimes eight years: 6 of basic school and 2 of secondary school, 12 years in rural areas or in art/music gymnasia.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Luxembourg</a>: usually 7 years, starting at age 12–13 after six years of primary school.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montenegro" title="Montenegro"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Montenegro</a>: 4 years, starting at age 14/15 after nine years in elementary school,ends with Matura.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_the_Netherlands" title="Education in the Netherlands"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Netherlands</a>: six years, starting at age 11–13, after eight years of primary school. Prepares for admission to university. Gymnasia in the Netherlands have compulsory classes in Ancient Greek and/or Latin; the same high level secondary school without the classical languages is called Atheneum. They are both variants of <a href="/wiki/Voorbereidend_wetenschappelijk_onderwijs" title="Voorbereidend wetenschappelijk onderwijs"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">VWO</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Norway</a>: the traditional but now discontinued gymnasium led to the completion of <a href="/wiki/Examen_artium" title="Examen artium">examen artium</a>. This has now been succeeded by a 2-, 3-, or 4-year program (videregående skole), depending on course path taken, starting at the age of 15/16, culminating with an exam that qualifies for university matriculation (studiekompetanse).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Poland</a>: gimnazjum was the name of the 3-year Polish compulsory <a href="/wiki/Middle_school" title="Middle school">middle school</a>, starting for pupils aged 12 or 13, following six years of <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">primary school</a>. Gimnazjum ended with a <a href="/wiki/Standardized_test" title="Standardized test">standardized test</a>. Further education was encouraged but optional, consisting of either 3-year <a href="/wiki/Liceum_og%C3%B3lnokszta%C5%82c%C4%85ce" class="mw-redirect" title="Liceum ogólnokształcące">liceum</a>, 4-year <a href="/wiki/Technikum_(Poland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Technikum (Poland)">technikum</a>, or 2 to three years of vocational school (potentially followed by a supplementary liceum or technikum). In 2017, Poland reverted to a compulsory 8-year primary school, optionally followed by a 4-year liceum, a 5-year technikum, or 2 to three years of vocational school.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Romania</a>: 4 years, starting at age 10 ends with Diploma de Capacitate at the age of 14. Primary education lasts for four years. Secondary education consists of: 1) lower secondary school education organized in a gymnasium for grades 5 to 8 and lower cycle of high school or arts and trades schools (vocational) for grades 9 and 10; 2) upper secondary school education organized in Ciclul superior al liceului for grades 11, 12, and 13 followed, if necessary, by an additional high school year for those who want to move from vocational training (grade 10) to upper secondary school education. High school education (lower cycle of high school and upper secondary school education) offers three different orientations (academic, technological, specialization).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Russia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imperial_Russia" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Russia">Imperial Russia</a>: since 1726, eight years since 1871. Women's gymnasia since 1862; 7 years plus an optional 8th for specialisation in <a href="/wiki/Pedagogy" title="Pedagogy">pedagogy</a>. Progymnasia: equivalent to 4 first years of gymnasium.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Federation" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian Federation">Russian Federation</a>: full 11 or 6–7 years after primary school. There are very few classical gymnasia in modern Russia. The notable exception is the <a href="/wiki/St_Petersburg_Classical_Gymnasium" title="St Petersburg Classical Gymnasium">St Petersburg Classical Gymnasium</a> where Latin, Ancient Greek, and mathematics are the three core subjects. In the majority of other cases, Russian Gymnasia are schools specialised in a certain subject (or several subjects) in the humanities (e.g. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chelschool1.ru">Chelyabinsk School No. 1</a>).</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Serbia</a>: 4 years, starting at age 14/15 after eight years in elementary/primary school. There are three most common types of gymnasia: 1) general gymnasium (општа гимназија) which offers broad education in all sciences; 2) natural sciences (природно-математички смер); and 3) social studies (друштвено-језички смер), available all over Serbia, and a few specialised ones, e.g. mathematics (математичка гимназија)—only one in all of Serbia, in Belgrade; sports (спортска гиманзија)—just two in Serbia; language (филолошка гимназија)—a total of four in Serbia; and military gymnasium (војна гимназија)—only one in all of Serbia. In the end, all students take a final exam—a Matura. Completion of the Gymnasium is a prerequisite for enrollment into a university. English and another foreign language (from the selection of German, French, Russian (most common languages), Italian or Spanish (far less common) or Chinese and Japanese (only philological gymnasia have these two<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a>) in addition to the mother tongue, and in case of minorities also Serbian) are compulsory throughout.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovakia" title="Slovakia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Slovakia</a>: 4 years starting at age 15/16 after completing nine years of elementary school (more common); eight years starting at age 11/12 after completing 5 years of elementary school; both end with <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">Maturita</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Slovenia</a>: 4 years, starting at age 14/15; ends with <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">Matura</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">South Africa</a>: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Roos_Gymnasium" title="Paul Roos Gymnasium">Paul Roos Gymnasium</a> is a well-known gymnasium for boys in the town of <a href="/wiki/Stellenbosch" title="Stellenbosch">Stellenbosch</a>. The school is a boarding school, based on the classic British boarding schools; however, it was more influenced by the Protestant faith, hence the German Gymnasium. Foreign languages such as French, German, Mandarin, and Latin are studied; <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> and English are compulsory. School in South Africa: 5 years, starting at age 13/14, at a secondary institution, after 7 years of primary school, ends with Matric.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Sweden</a>: Upper secondary school in Sweden lasts for three years (formerly four years on some programmes). "Gymnasium" is the word used to describe this stage of the education system in Sweden. The <a href="/wiki/National_Agency_for_Education_(Sweden)" title="National Agency for Education (Sweden)">National Agency for Education</a> has decided that gymnasium is equivalent to the international upper secondary school.<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> The gymnasium is optional and follows after nine years in elementary school. However, the Swedish term högskola ("high school") may cause some confusion. In Swedish it is used almost synonymously with "university," with the only difference being that universities have the right to issue doctoral examinations. In the case of technical universities, these could also be called högskola even when they have right to issue doctoral examinations (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Chalmers_University_of_Technology" title="Chalmers University of Technology">Chalmers tekniska högskola</a>, officially named a "Technical University" in English; <a href="/wiki/Faculty_of_Engineering_(LTH),_Lund_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Faculty of Engineering (LTH), Lund University">Lunds tekniska högskola</a>, Faculty of Engineering, Lund University; and <a href="/wiki/KTH_Royal_Institute_of_Technology" title="KTH Royal Institute of Technology">Kungliga tekniska högskolan</a>, Royal Institute of Technology"). A högskola is often located in cities with lower population, except for the technical ones that can be found also in the largest cities.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Switzerland</a>: usually 4 years after nine years of compulsory schooling (primary and secondary I); it is also possible to attend a so-called Langzeitgymnasium which lasts 6 years, following a six-year primary schooling; the Gymnasium ends with Matura at the age of 18/19.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">Ukraine</a>: eight years, starting after four years of <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">primary school</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">United Kingdom</a>: historically, <a href="/wiki/Grammar_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammar schools in the United Kingdom">grammar schools</a> have been the English equivalent of the gymnasium, selecting pupils on the basis of academic ability (usually through the <a href="/wiki/Eleven-plus" title="Eleven-plus">11+ entrance examination</a> in year 6, at the age of 10 or 11) and educating them with the assumption that they would go on to study at a <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a>; such schools were largely phased out from 1965 under the <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wilson" title="Harold Wilson">Wilson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Heath" title="Edward Heath">Heath</a> governments, and less than 5% of pupils now attend the remaining 146 grammar schools. The UK therefore no longer has a widespread equivalent of the gymnasium. The exception is <a href="/wiki/Northern_Ireland" title="Northern Ireland">Northern Ireland</a> and some parts of England within the counties of <a href="/wiki/Buckinghamshire" title="Buckinghamshire">Buckinghamshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lincolnshire" title="Lincolnshire">Lincolnshire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kent" title="Kent">Kent</a>, which have retained the system. Grammar schools are also to be found in some London boroughs, North Yorkshire, Essex, Lancashire, Warwickshire, and Devon in varying degrees. Many private, fee-paying <a href="/wiki/Private_schools_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="Private schools in the United Kingdom">private schools</a>, including all those commonly referred to as "public" schools, seek to fulfill a similar role to the state grammar school if the scholar has the ability (and thus to the gymnasium in other countries) and, most importantly, the money to attend them.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238216509">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_school_(government_funded)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public school (government funded)">Public school</a>: As school districts continue to experiment with educational styles, the <a href="/wiki/Magnet_school" title="Magnet school">magnet school</a> has become a popular type of <a href="/wiki/High_school" class="mw-redirect" title="High school">high school</a>. <a href="/wiki/Boston_Latin_School" title="Boston Latin School">Boston Latin School</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_High_School_(Philadelphia)" title="Central High School (Philadelphia)">Central High School</a> in Philadelphia are the two oldest public schools in the country and the oldest magnet schools. As the concept has not become entrenched in the various American educational systems, due partly to the <a href="/wiki/Federation" title="Federation">federal</a>—rather than unitary—style of education in the United States, the term may vary among states.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Private_school" title="Private school">Private school</a>: The equivalent among private schools is the <a href="/wiki/University-preparatory_school" class="mw-redirect" title="University-preparatory school">preparatory school</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><h2 id="Final_degree">Final degree</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Final degree" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> Depending on country, the <a href="/wiki/Matriculation_examination" title="Matriculation examination">final degree</a> (if any) is called <a href="/wiki/Abitur" title="Abitur">Abitur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Artium" class="mw-redirect" title="Artium">Artium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diploma" title="Diploma">Diploma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matura" title="Matura">Matura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maturita" class="mw-redirect" title="Maturita">Maturita</a> or <a href="/wiki/Student_(degree)" class="mw-redirect" title="Student (degree)">Student</a> and it usually opens the way to professional schools directly. However, these degrees are occasionally not fully accredited internationally, so students wanting to attend a foreign <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a> often have to submit to further exams to be permitted access to them. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><h2 id="Relationship_with_other_education_facilities">Relationship with other education facilities</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Relationship with other education facilities" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> In countries like Austria, most university faculties accept only students from secondary schools that last four years (rather than three). This includes all Gymnasium students but only a part of vocational high schools, in effect making Gymnasium the preferred choice for all pupils aiming for university diplomas. In Germany, other types of secondary school are called <a href="/wiki/Realschule" class="mw-redirect" title="Realschule">Realschule</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hauptschule" title="Hauptschule">Hauptschule</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gesamtschule" class="mw-redirect" title="Gesamtschule">Gesamtschule</a>. These are attended by about two thirds of the students and the first two are practically unknown in other parts of the world.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] A Gesamtschule largely corresponds to a British or American <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_school" title="Comprehensive school">comprehensive school</a>. However, it offers the same school-leaving certificates as the other three types—the Hauptschulabschluss (school-leaving certificate of a Hauptschule after 9th grade or in Berlin and <a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a> after 10th grade), the Realschulabschluss (also called Mittlere Reife, school-leaving certificate of a Realschule after 10th Grade) and <a href="/wiki/Abitur" title="Abitur">Abitur</a> (also called Hochschulreife, school-leaving certificate after 12th Grade). Students who graduate from Hauptschule or Realschule may continue their schooling at a <a href="/wiki/Vocational_school" title="Vocational school">vocational school</a> until they have full job qualifications. It is also possible to get an erweiterter Realschulabschluss after 10th grade that allows the students to continue their education at the Oberstufe of a gymnasium and get an Abitur. There are two types of vocational school in Germany: the <a href="/wiki/Berufsschule" class="mw-redirect" title="Berufsschule">Berufsschule</a>, a part-time vocational school and a part of Germany's <a href="/wiki/Dual_education_system" title="Dual education system">dual education system</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Berufsfachschule" class="mw-redirect" title="Berufsfachschule">Berufsfachschule</a>, a full-time vocational school outside the dual education system. Students who graduate from a vocational school and students who graduate with a good <a href="/wiki/Grading_in_education" title="Grading in education">grade point average</a> from a Realschule can continue their schooling at another type of German secondary school, the <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fachhochschulreife" class="extiw" title="de:Fachhochschulreife">Fachoberschule</a>, a vocational high school. The school leaving exam of this type of school, the Fachhochschulreife, enables the graduate to start studying at a <a href="/wiki/Fachhochschule" title="Fachhochschule">Fachhochschule</a> (<a href="/wiki/Institute_of_technology#German_language_areas_%E2%80%93_Technische_Universit%C3%A4ten_and_Fachhochschulen" title="Institute of technology">polytechnic</a>) and in <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a> also at a university within the state. Students who have graduated from vocational school and have been working in a job for at least three years can go to <a href="/wiki/Berufsoberschule" title="Berufsoberschule">Berufsoberschule</a> to get either a Fachabitur (meaning they may go to university, but they can only study the subjects belonging to the "branch" (economical, technical, social) they studied in at Berufschule) after one year, or the normal Abitur (after two years), which gives them complete access to universities. </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><noscript><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/28px-School.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 28px;height: 28px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/28px-School.svg.png" data-alt="icon" data-width="28" data-height="28" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/42px-School.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/School.svg/56px-School.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Schools" title="Portal:Schools">Schools portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><noscript><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" 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stage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(ancient_Greece)" title="Gymnasium (ancient Greece)">Gymnasium (ancient Greece)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(Germany)" title="Gymnasium (Germany)">Gymnasium (Germany)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyceum" title="Lyceum">Lyceum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyceum_(classical)" title="Lyceum (classical)">Lyceum (classical)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Realschule" class="mw-redirect" title="Realschule">Realschule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College-preparatory_school" title="College-preparatory school">College-preparatory school</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(8)"><h2 id="Explanatory_notes">Explanatory notes</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Explanatory notes" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-8 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-8"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-fn1-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_2-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-fn1_2-1">b</a> This subject has different names in the different states of Germany. See <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemeinschaftskunde" class="extiw" title="de:Gemeinschaftskunde">de:Gemeinschaftskunde</a>. </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(9)"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Citations" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-9 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-9"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gymnasium">"Definition of GYMNASIUM"</a>. www.merriam-webster.com. 17 January 2024. Retrieved 18 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.merriam-webster.com&rft.atitle=Definition+of+GYMNASIUM&rft.date=2024-01-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fgymnasium&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-americana-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-americana_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-americana_3-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRines1920" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Rines, George Edwin, ed. (1920). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/Gymnasia_and_Real-gymnasia">"Gymnasia and Real-gymnasia" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Encyclopedia Americana">Encyclopedia Americana</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gymnasia+and+Real-gymnasia&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Americana&rft.date=1920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moore-4"><a href="#cite_ref-Moore_4-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2019" class="citation book cs1">Moore, John C. (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-01319-6">A Brief History of Universities</a>. <a href="/wiki/Springer_Nature" title="Springer Nature">Springer Nature</a>. p. 45. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-030-01319-6">10.1007/978-3-030-01319-6</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-030-01318-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-030-01318-9"><bdi>978-3-030-01318-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:189137386">189137386</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Universities&rft.pages=45&rft.pub=Springer+Nature&rft.date=2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A189137386%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-030-01319-6&rft.isbn=978-3-030-01318-9&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1007%2F978-3-030-01319-6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> PISA 2003 – Der Bildungsstand der Jugendlichen in Deutschland – Ergebnisse des 2. internationalen Vergleiches Ehmke et al., 2004, In: PISA-Konsortium Deutschland (Hrsg.): PISA 2003 – Der Bildungsstand der Jugendlichen in Deutschland – Ergebnisse des 2. internationalen Vergleiches, Münster/New York: Waxmann, S. 244 </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> <a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bakkalaureat" class="extiw" title="de:Bakkalaureat">de:Bakkalaureat</a> section 'Geschichte' ('History') accessed 3/14/2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohn_Seiler_BrubacherWillis_Rudy1997" class="citation book cs1">John Seiler Brubacher; Willis Rudy (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0O1yXnXkWIsC">Higher education in transition: a history of American colleges and universities</a> (4th ed.). New Brunswick, New Jersey. pp. 157–158.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Higher+education+in+transition%3A+a+history+of+American+colleges+and+universities&rft.place=New+Brunswick%2C+New+Jersey&rft.pages=157-158&rft.edition=4th&rft.date=1997&rft.au=John+Seiler+Brubacher&rft.au=Willis+Rudy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0O1yXnXkWIsC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bvsg-nu.de/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=91:neu-am-gymnasium&catid=11:eltern&Itemid=36">"Bertha-von-Suttner-Gymnasium – Die Homepage des Bertha-von-Suttner-Gymnasiums Neu-Ulm"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bertha-von-Suttner-Gymnasium+%E2%80%93+Die+Homepage+des+Bertha-von-Suttner-Gymnasiums+Neu-Ulm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bvsg-nu.de%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26view%3Darticle%26id%3D91%3Aneu-am-gymnasium%26catid%3D11%3Aeltern%26Itemid%3D36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> [<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101103035952/http://www.mbjs.brandenburg.de/sixcms/detail.php/120349">"Lebensgestaltung-Ethik-Religionskunde (L-E-R)"</a>. Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports of the Federal State of Brandenburg. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mbjs.brandenburg.de/sixcms/detail.php/120349">the original</a> on 3 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lebensgestaltung-Ethik-Religionskunde+%28L-E-R%29&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Education%2C+Youth%2C+and+Sports+of+the+Federal+State+of+Brandenburg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mbjs.brandenburg.de%2Fsixcms%2Fdetail.php%2F120349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.edizionieuropee.it/LAW/HTML/30/zn57_04_022.html">"§ 57.4.22 – L. 1 luglio 1940, n. 899. Istituzione della scuola media"</a> (in Italian). 1 July 1940. Retrieved 12 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%C2%A7+57.4.22+%E2%80%93+L.+1+luglio+1940%2C+n.+899.+Istituzione+della+scuola+media.&rft.date=1940-07-01&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.edizionieuropee.it%2FLAW%2FHTML%2F30%2Fzn57_04_022.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ug.dk/uddannelser/erhvervsuddannelser/eux">"UddannelsesGuiden (in Danish)"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=UddannelsesGuiden+%28in+Danish%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ug.dk%2Fuddannelser%2Ferhvervsuddannelser%2Feux&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gymnasium.se/om-gymnasiet/om-program-gymnasiet-5143">"Om program på gymansiet"</a>. Gymnasium.se. Educations Media Group. Retrieved 3 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gymnasium.se&rft.atitle=Om+program+p%C3%A5+gymansiet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gymnasium.se%2Fom-gymnasiet%2Fom-program-gymnasiet-5143&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gymnasium.se/om-gymnasiet/nationella-program-3020">"Nationella program på gymnasiet"</a>. Gymnasium.se. Educations Media Group. Retrieved 3 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Gymnasium.se&rft.atitle=Nationella+program+p%C3%A5+gymnasiet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gymnasium.se%2Fom-gymnasiet%2Fnationella-program-3020&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927133901/http://www.minedu.fi/export/sites/default/OPM/Koulutus/ammatillinen_koulutus/hallinto_ohjaus_ja_rahoitus/liitteet/PM__1250_opiskelijapaikan_lisxminen_01012010.pdf">"1 250 opiskelijapaikan lisääminen ammatillisen peruskoulutuksen järjestämislupiin 1.1.2010 lukien"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minedu.fi/export/sites/default/OPM/Koulutus/ammatillinen_koulutus/hallinto_ohjaus_ja_rahoitus/liitteet/PM__1250_opiskelijapaikan_lisxminen_01012010.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 27 September 2011. Retrieved 1 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=1+250+opiskelijapaikan+lis%C3%A4%C3%A4minen+ammatillisen+peruskoulutuksen+j%C3%A4rjest%C3%A4mislupiin+1.1.2010+lukien&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minedu.fi%2Fexport%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2FOPM%2FKoulutus%2Fammatillinen_koulutus%2Fhallinto_ohjaus_ja_rahoitus%2Fliitteet%2FPM__1250_opiskelijapaikan_lisxminen_01012010.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-finminedu-15"><a href="#cite_ref-finminedu_15-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120109180525/http://www.minedu.fi/OPM/Koulutus/yleissivistaevae_koulutus/lukiokoulutus/?lang=en">"General upper secondary education"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.minedu.fi/OPM/Koulutus/yleissivistaevae_koulutus/lukiokoulutus/?lang=en">the original</a> on 9 January 2012. Retrieved 31 October 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=General+upper+secondary+education&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.minedu.fi%2FOPM%2FKoulutus%2Fyleissivistaevae_koulutus%2Flukiokoulutus%2F%3Flang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHarðardóttir" class="citation web cs1">Harðardóttir, Halla. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170323235155/http://www.frettatiminn.is/stytting-framhaldsskola-engin-timi-til-ad-anda-i-skolanum/">"Stytting framhaldsskóla: Enginn tími til að anda"</a>. Fréttatíminn. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.frettatiminn.is/stytting-framhaldsskola-engin-timi-til-ad-anda-i-skolanum/">the original</a> on 23 March 2017. Retrieved 23 March 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Fr%C3%A9ttat%C3%ADminn&rft.atitle=Stytting+framhaldssk%C3%B3la%3A+Enginn+t%C3%ADmi+til+a%C3%B0+anda&rft.aulast=Har%C3%B0ard%C3%B3ttir&rft.aufirst=Halla&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.frettatiminn.is%2Fstytting-framhaldsskola-engin-timi-til-ad-anda-i-skolanum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a> e.g., the Belgrade Philological Gymnasium: q.v.: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://filoloska.edu.rs/filoloska/sites/default/files//Usvojena%20Lista_udzbenika_za_sk._2018-2019._godinu.pdf">http://filoloska.edu.rs/filoloska/sites/default/files//Usvojena%20Lista_udzbenika_za_sk._2018-2019._godinu.pdf</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190303184000/http://filoloska.edu.rs/filoloska/sites/default/files/Usvojena%20Lista_udzbenika_za_sk._2018-2019._godinu.pdf">Archived</a> 3 March 2019 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120609020615/http://www.skolverket.se/2.3894/publicerat/2.5006?_xurl_=http%3A%2F%2Fwww4.skolverket.se%3A8080%2Fwtpub%2Fws%2Fskolbok%2Fwpubext%2Ftrycksak%2FRecord%3Fk%3D2801">"Upper Secondary School 2011"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.skolverket.se/2.3894/publicerat/2.5006?_xurl_=http%3A%2F%2Fwww4.skolverket.se%3A8080%2Fwtpub%2Fws%2Fskolbok%2Fwpubext%2Ftrycksak%2FRecord%3Fk%3D2801">the original</a> on 9 June 2012. Retrieved 18 July 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Upper+Secondary+School+2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.skolverket.se%2F2.3894%2Fpublicerat%2F2.5006%3F_xurl_%3Dhttp%253A%252F%252Fwww4.skolverket.se%253A8080%252Fwtpub%252Fws%252Fskolbok%252Fwpubext%252Ftrycksak%252FRecord%253Fk%253D2801&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(10)"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> edit </a> </div><section class="mf-section-10 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-10"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilmanPeckColby1905" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Coit_Gilman" title="Daniel Coit Gilman">Gilman, D. C.</a>; Peck, H. T.; Colby, F. M., eds. (1905). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/Gymnasia">"Gymnasia" </a>. <a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a> (1st ed.). New York: Dodd, Mead.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gymnasia&rft.btitle=New+International+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=Dodd%2C+Mead&rft.date=1905&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGymnasium+%28school%29" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&oldid=1258820493">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&oldid=1258820493</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Gymnasium_(school)&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> Last edited on 21 November 2024, at 20:30 </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%A7" title="المدارس الداخلية في أوروبا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المدارس الداخلية في أوروبا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnaziya" title="Gimnaziya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Gimnaziya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Гімназія – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Гімназія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Гімназія – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Гімназія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гимназия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Гимназия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnazija" title="Gimnazija – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Gimnazija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimn%C3%A0s_(ensenyament_secundari)" title="Gimnàs (ensenyament secundari) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gimnàs (ensenyament secundari)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymn%C3%A1zium" title="Gymnázium – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Gymnázium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium" title="Gymnasium – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Gymnasium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium" title="Gymnasium – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gymnasium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%BCmnaasium" title="Gümnaasium – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Gümnaasium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium" title="Gymnasium – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Gymnasium" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnazio" title="Gimnazio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Gimnazio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%85" title="گیمنازیوم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="گیمنازیوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium" title="Gymnasium – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Gymnasium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ximnasio_(escola)" title="Ximnasio (escola) – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ximnasio (escola)" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B9%80%EB%82%98%EC%A7%80%EC%9B%80" title="김나지움 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="김나지움" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%AB%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Գիմնազիա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գիմնազիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnazija" title="Gimnazija – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Gimnazija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnazio" title="Gimnazio – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Gimnazio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnasium_(sekolah)" title="Gimnasium (sekolah) – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gimnasium (sekolah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fj%C3%B6lbrautask%C3%B3li" title="Fjölbrautaskóli – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fjölbrautaskóli" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ginnasio_(scuola)" title="Ginnasio (scuola) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ginnasio (scuola)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%92%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94" title="גימנסיה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="גימנסיה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="გიმნაზია – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გიმნაზია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гимназия – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Гимназия" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dibistana_amadey%C3%AE" title="Dibistana amadeyî – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dibistana amadeyî" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гимназия – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Гимназия" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium" title="Gymnasium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Gymnasium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%A2imn%C4%81zija" title="Ģimnāzija – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ģimnāzija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnazija" title="Gimnazija – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Gimnazija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimn%C3%A1zium" title="Gimnázium – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gimnázium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Гимназија – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Гимназија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82_(%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82)" title="ജിംനേഷ്യം (വിദ്യാലയം) – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജിംനേഷ്യം (വിദ്യാലയം)" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnasium_(sekolah)" title="Gimnasium (sekolah) – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gimnasium (sekolah)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium" title="Gymnasium – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Gymnasium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%AE%E3%83%A0%E3%83%8A%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="ギムナジウム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ギムナジウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium" title="Gymnasium – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Gymnasium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnas" title="Gymnas – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Gymnas" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnasi_(esc%C3%B2la)" title="Gimnasi (escòla) – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Gimnasi (escòla)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnaziya" title="Gimnaziya – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Gimnaziya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnazjum" title="Gimnazjum – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gimnazjum" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gin%C3%A1sio_(escola)" title="Ginásio (escola) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ginásio (escola)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnaziu" title="Gimnaziu – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gimnaziu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гимназия – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Гимназия" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гимназия – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гимназия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gjimnazi" title="Gjimnazi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Gjimnazi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Gymnasium (school)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymn%C3%A1zium" title="Gymnázium – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Gymnázium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnazija" title="Gimnazija – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Gimnazija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Гимназија – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Гимназија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gimnazija" title="Gimnazija – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Gimnazija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lukio" title="Lukio – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Lukio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium" title="Gymnasium – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Gymnasium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Гимназия – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Гимназия" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnasium_(okul)" title="Gymnasium (okul) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Gymnasium (okul)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B7%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Гімназія – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Гімназія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%96%87%E7%90%86%E4%B8%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="文理中学 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="文理中学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul 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