CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Carlo Geloso - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"2aefa263-c89a-42d1-a3b0-8123fa09fb8a","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Carlo_Geloso","wgTitle":"Carlo Geloso","wgCurRevisionId":1251519801,"wgRevisionId":1251519801,"wgArticleId":14823163,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["CS1 Italian-language sources (it)","Articles with short description","Short description matches Wikidata","1879 births","1957 deaths","Italian Army generals","Italian military personnel of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War","Italian military personnel of World War I","Italian occupation of Greece during World War II","Italian prisoners of war","Italian war crimes in Ethiopia","Italian war criminals","Military personnel from Palermo","Knights of the Military Order of Savoy", "Recipients of the Silver Medal of Military Valor","Royal Italian Army personnel of World War II","World War II prisoners of war held by Germany","People of the Greco-Italian War"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Carlo_Geloso","wgRelevantArticleId":14823163,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":20000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false, "wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2646516","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init" :"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.cite.ux-enhancements","ext.scribunto.logs","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.quicksurveys.init","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Carlo_Geloso.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1479"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Carlo_Geloso.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="986"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="789"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Carlo Geloso - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Geloso"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Geloso"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Carlo_Geloso rootpage-Carlo_Geloso skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Carlo+Geloso" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Carlo+Geloso" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Carlo+Geloso" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Carlo+Geloso" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Early_life_and_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Early life and career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-First_World_War" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#First_World_War"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>First World War</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-First_World_War-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Interwar_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Interwar_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Interwar period</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Interwar_period-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Interwar period subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Interwar_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethiopia_and_Albania" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethiopia_and_Albania"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Ethiopia and Albania</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethiopia_and_Albania-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II_and_occupation_of_Greece" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II_and_occupation_of_Greece"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>World War II and occupation of Greece</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II_and_occupation_of_Greece-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Imprisonment_and_release" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Imprisonment_and_release"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Imprisonment and release</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Imprisonment_and_release-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_life" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_life"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Later life</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_life-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Carlo Geloso</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 5 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-5" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">5 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Geloso" title="Carlo Geloso – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Carlo Geloso" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BB%CE%BF_%CE%A4%CE%B6%CE%B5%CE%BB%CF%8C%CE%B6%CE%BF" title="Κάρλο Τζελόζο – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάρλο Τζελόζο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Geloso" title="Carlo Geloso – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Carlo Geloso" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Geloso" title="Carlo Geloso – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Carlo Geloso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Geloso" title="Carlo Geloso – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Carlo Geloso" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2646516#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Geloso" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Carlo_Geloso" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Geloso"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Geloso"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Carlo_Geloso" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Carlo_Geloso" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&oldid=1251519801" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=Carlo_Geloso&id=1251519801&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarlo_Geloso"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCarlo_Geloso"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Carlo_Geloso&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Carlo_Geloso" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2646516" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Italian general (1879–1957)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">Carlo Geloso</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Carlo_Geloso.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Carlo_Geloso.jpg/220px-Carlo_Geloso.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Carlo_Geloso.jpg/330px-Carlo_Geloso.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Carlo_Geloso.jpg 2x" data-file-width="349" data-file-height="430" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1879-08-20</span>)</span>20 August 1879<br /><a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(1861-1946)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946)">Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">23 July 1957<span style="display:none">(1957-07-23)</span> (aged 77)<br /><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Kingdom of Italy</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Service <wbr />/ branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Flag_of_Italy_%281860%29.svg/17px-Flag_of_Italy_%281860%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Flag_of_Italy_%281860%29.svg/26px-Flag_of_Italy_%281860%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/Flag_of_Italy_%281860%29.svg/34px-Flag_of_Italy_%281860%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1214" data-file-height="1214" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Royal_Italian_Army" title="Royal Italian Army">Royal Italian Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Years of service</th><td class="infobox-data">1898–1943, 1947</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Army_general" title="Army general">Army general</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Unit</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/21st_Infantry_Division_Granatieri_di_Sardegna" class="mw-redirect" title="21st Infantry Division Granatieri di Sardegna">21st Infantry Division Granatieri di Sardegna</a><br /><a href="/wiki/XXVI_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="XXVI Army Corps (Italy)">XXVI Army Corps</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Army_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleventh Army (Italy)">Eleventh Army</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Carlo Geloso</b> (20 August 1879 – 23 July 1957) was an Italian general during the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>. In 1939, he assumed command of the Italian forces in <a href="/wiki/Albania" title="Albania">Albania</a>. In 1940, he served as commander of the <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Army_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleventh Army (Italy)">11th Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Greco-Italian War</a>. He was the commander of the Italian <a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece" title="Axis occupation of Greece">occupation forces</a> in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> from 1941 to 1943. After <a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a> joined the Allies, he became a German <a href="/wiki/Prisoner-of-war" class="mw-redirect" title="Prisoner-of-war">prisoner-of-war</a>. After the German surrender, he was briefly imprisoned by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviets</a> but was released in 1946. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Born in <a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a> on 20 August 1879 to Bonaventura Geloso and Fortunata Burgio di Villanova,<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Carlo Geloso entered the Military Academy of Artillery and Engineers of <a href="/wiki/Turin" title="Turin">Turin</a> on 27 October 1898. After graduation, he was commissioned as a second lieutenant of artillery on 26 August 1901 and continued his studies at the Application School of Artillery and Engineers at Turin. He graduated in 1903 and being promoted to lieutenant on 11 August.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was assigned to the 3rd Fortress Artillery Regiment. On 28 December 1907 he wed Angela Rocaglia, and in April 1909, he was transferred to the 15th Field Artillery Regiment. He successfully completed the general staff course in Turin in 1910, and was promoted to captain by selection (before the regular promotion period) on 30 November 1911. Until 1912, he served in the staffs the Territorial Military Divisions of <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Napoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoli">Napoli</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 1912, he embarked for <a href="/wiki/Italian_Tripolitania" title="Italian Tripolitania">Tripolitania</a>, to establish a commissariat for the Italian expeditionary corps at Zuara. He returned to Italy on 5 August, but he remained in command of the commissariat until April 1914, when he was appointed to the 9th Fortress Artillery Regiment.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="First_World_War">First World War</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: First World War"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After Italy entered the <a href="/wiki/First_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First World War">First World War</a>, he was sent to serve in a staff position in the <a href="/wiki/Julian_Alps" title="Julian Alps">Julian Alps</a> Front. On 9 November 1915, he was promoted to major.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In May 1916, he was appointed chief of staff of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=31st_Infantry_Division_(Italy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="31st Infantry Division (Italy) (page does not exist)">31st Infantry Division</a>. His participation in the <a href="/wiki/Sixth_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sixth Battle of the Isonzo">Sixth Battle of the Isonzo</a> with the division earned him his first <a href="/wiki/Silver_Medal_of_Military_Valor" title="Silver Medal of Military Valor">Silver Medal of Military Valor</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 1917, he was transferred to the general staff. In May he won his second Silver Medal of Military Valor for his participation in the <a href="/wiki/Tenth_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Tenth Battle of the Isonzo">Tenth Battle of the Isonzo</a> in the Bosco Malo-Pod Horite area and was promoted to lieutenant-colonel on 31 May.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As chief of staff of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=65th_Infantry_Division_(Italy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="65th Infantry Division (Italy) (page does not exist)">65th Infantry Division</a> from July, he fought in the <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Battle_of_the_Isonzo" title="Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo">Eleventh Battle of the Isonzo</a> in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Me%C5%A1njak&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mešnjak (page does not exist)">Mešnjak</a> area and won his third Silver Medal in the process, and then, he fought in the disastrous <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Caporetto" title="Battle of Caporetto">Battle of Caporetto</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From April 1918 he was chief of staff of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=34th_Infantry_Division_(Italy)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="34th Infantry Division (Italy) (page does not exist)">34th Infantry Division</a>. His organizational ability was recognised in September by a commendation and the award of a knighthood in the <a href="/wiki/Military_Order_of_Savoy" title="Military Order of Savoy">Military Order of Savoy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396–397_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396–397-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the armistice, he spent some time in the <a href="/wiki/Monte_Tonale" title="Monte Tonale">Tonale</a>–<a href="/wiki/Lake_Garda" title="Lake Garda">Garda</a> area, moved to the post of commandant in <a href="/wiki/Padua" title="Padua">Padua</a> and then joined the Rome garrison and the general staff.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Interwar_period">Interwar period</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Interwar period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite his distinguished if unexceptional career, from 20 July 1920 to 7 March 1925 he was relegated to a "Special Auxiliary Position", a special arrangement intended to handle the large number of officers after the end of the war.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During that time, he became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Fascist_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Fascist Party">Italian Fascist Party</a> on 4 May 1921 and was promoted to colonel on 31 December 1924.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On his return to active duty in 1925, he was assigned to the General Secretariat of the Supreme Commission on Defence, and he left the service from February 1926.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He remained at that post until 1 March 1928, when he was sent to command the 6th Heavy Field Artillery Regiment.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 January 1931 he was promoted brigadier general, and in March 1931, he returned to Rome as chief of staff to the <a href="/wiki/VIII_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="VIII Army Corps (Italy)">VIII Army Corps</a>. He then served as artillery commander of the <a href="/wiki/III_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="III Army Corps (Italy)">III Army Corps</a> at <a href="/wiki/Milan" title="Milan">Milan</a> in 1933, before being appointed acting chief of staff for the <a href="/wiki/X_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="X Army Corps (Italy)">X Army Corps</a> at <a href="/wiki/Napoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoli">Napoli</a> in 1934 and for the <a href="/wiki/VI_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="VI Army Corps (Italy)">VI Army Corps</a> at <a href="/wiki/Bologna" title="Bologna">Bologna</a> in 1935.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 25 November 1935, he was appointed to the highly-prestigious and sought-after post of commander of the <a href="/wiki/21st_Infantry_Division_Granatieri_di_Sardegna" class="mw-redirect" title="21st Infantry Division Granatieri di Sardegna"><i>Granatieri di Sardegna</i> Infantry Division</a> in Rome.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethiopia_and_Albania">Ethiopia and Albania</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Ethiopia and Albania"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In March 1936 he was sent to <a href="/wiki/Italian_Somaliland" title="Italian Somaliland">Italian Somaliland</a> to command the Special Infantry Division "Laghi" during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Italo-Ethiopian_War" title="Second Italo-Ethiopian War">Second Italo-Ethiopian War</a>. There, he occupied the area of the equatorial area and defeated the Ethiopian <i><a href="/wiki/Ras_(title)" title="Ras (title)">ras</a></i> <a href="/wiki/Desta_Damtew" title="Desta Damtew">Desta Damtew</a>. In October 1936 he became governor of the area, now the <a href="/wiki/Galla-Sidamo_Governorate" title="Galla-Sidamo Governorate">Galla-Sidamo Governorate</a>, as well as commander of the local Italian garrison. For his service, he was promoted to divisional general in December and received a further Military Order of Savoy. He remained at that position until 1938.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398–399_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398–399-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His violent suppression of <a href="/wiki/Arbegnoch" title="Arbegnoch">Ethiopian resistance</a>, particularly in the wake of a failed assassination attempt on Viceroy <a href="/wiki/Rodolfo_Graziani" title="Rodolfo Graziani">Rodolfo Graziani</a> in February 1937, led to him being listed as a <a href="/wiki/War_criminal" class="mw-redirect" title="War criminal">war criminal</a> by the Ethiopian government, which attempted to have him extradited to Ethiopia after the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1938, he returned to Rome, until 3 August as Honorary Governor of Galla-Sidamo, but in 1939, he was promoted to army corps general and sent to command the Bari Army Corps. Promoted to army corps general, he was sent in October to command first the <a href="/wiki/VII_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="VII Army Corps (Italy)">VII Army Corps</a> at <a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a> and then, on 1 December, the <a href="/wiki/XXVI_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="XXVI Army Corps (Italy)">XXVI Army Corps</a>, comprising the Italian garrison (<a href="/wiki/XXVI_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="XXVI Army Corps (Italy)">XXVI Army Corps</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Italian_protectorate_of_Albania_(1939%E2%80%931943)" title="Italian protectorate of Albania (1939–1943)">Italian-occupied Albania</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Geloso remained in Albania until 6 June 1940. During his tenure, he planned for an attack on Greece, and elements of his plans were indeed used in the subsequent <a href="/wiki/Italian_invasion_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian invasion of Greece">Italian invasion of Greece</a>, but it was under quite different conditions and participating forces from his plans. Although a capable organiser, he was helpless in the backroom political manoeuvring that characterized the Fascist regime. After disagreeing with Foreign Minister <a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Galeazzo Ciano</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mussolini" class="mw-redirect" title="Mussolini">Mussolini</a>'s heir-apparent, during a discussion of a possible war with Greece on 23 April 1941, he was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Sebastiano_Visconti_Prasca" title="Sebastiano Visconti Prasca">Sebastiano Visconti Prasca</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_War_II_and_occupation_of_Greece">World War II and occupation of Greece</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: World War II and occupation of Greece"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Italy's entry into <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> found him as head of the <a href="/wiki/Third_Army_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Army (Italy)">Third Army</a>, but he returned to Albania on 15 November 1940 to take up command of the newly formed <a href="/wiki/Eleventh_Army_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Eleventh Army (Italy)">Eleventh Army</a> in the ongoing war against Greece.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the <a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Greece" title="German invasion of Greece">German invasion of Greece</a> and the start of the <a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece" title="Axis occupation of Greece">country's occupation</a>, in September 1941 he was named Supreme Commander of the Italian Armed Forces in Greece, while remaining commander of Eleventh Army. He kept both positions until his dismissal in May 1943. In October 1942, he was promoted to army general.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His tenure in Greece earned him criticism from many sides. The Greeks naturally resented him as the commander-in-chief of the Italian occupation forces and the brutality that he displayed in anti-partisan operations. However, the Italians' German allies considered him too "weak" and ineffective despite his reputation as a loyal adherent to the <a href="/wiki/Axis_Powers" class="mw-redirect" title="Axis Powers">Axis alliance</a>. Geloso opposed the Germans' demands for even harsher retaliations and even resisted the demands for implementation of discriminatory measures against Greek Jews in the Italian occupation zone.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, Geloso in spring 1943 approved the institution of <a href="/wiki/Collective_punishment" title="Collective punishment">collective punishment</a> against the civilian population in retaliation for partisan attacks, including measures such as "aerial bombardment and heavy artillery fire", the "pillaging of their food supplies", and "the deportation to concentration camps of the village chiefs and all of the men who made up the community council". That order led to a series of atrocities over the following months, such as the <a href="/wiki/Domenikon_massacre" title="Domenikon massacre">Domenikon massacre</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Santarelli_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Santarelli-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the same time, Geloso's relations with the Germans became increasingly strained, as he jealously guarded the Italian prerogatives in Greece against German encroachments, particularly after the appointment of Colonel-General <a href="/wiki/Alexander_L%C3%B6hr" title="Alexander Löhr">Alexander Löhr</a> as the German Commander-in-chief Southeast in December 1942. The appointment came as a result of the worsening situation on the North African Front, which made an Allied landing in Greece increasingly likely. The Germans, who did not trust the Italians' ability to withstand such an attack, began moving more of their own troops into Greece, sought to supplant the Italians in certain strategic areas including Athens and the <a href="/wiki/Athens%E2%80%93Thessaloniki_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Athens–Thessaloniki railway">Athens–Thessaloniki railway</a> and justified the move by thereby making additional Italian troops available to defend western Greece. Geloso vehemently refused to consider that and, in a later meeting, counter proposed for any additional German forces in Greece to be placed under his command. With the backing of the <a href="/wiki/Comando_Supremo" title="Comando Supremo">Italian high command</a>, the situation remained unresolved, with Geloso even proposing setting up an "Army Group East" under his command, comprising all Italian forces in the occupied areas of the Balkans, as a counterpart bans counterweight to Löhr's command, with himself at its head.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010319–333_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010319–333-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Despite being highly praised by the chief of the Italian General Staff, <a href="/wiki/Ugo_Cavallero" title="Ugo Cavallero">Ugo Cavallero</a>, as "perhaps the best of our generals, technically prepared, energetic and tactful", Geloso was dismissed on 3 May and placed under the disposition of the Ministry of War. The likely reason was his final disagreement with Löhr in a meeting a few days earlier. Löhr demanded from the Italians a series of measures to curb the growing <a href="/wiki/Greek_Resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Resistance">Greek Resistance</a>, including the arrest of the officers of the Greek army, the confiscation of all radios and the handover of all Jews in the Italian zone to German control.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An Italian investigation, headed by Admiral <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Cavagnari" title="Domenico Cavagnari">Domenico Cavagnari</a>, into his tenure in Greece ended up absolving him of all charges brought against him for malpractice and corruption.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin20103,_400_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin20103,_400-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Imprisonment_and_release">Imprisonment and release</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Imprisonment and release"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 20 June 1943, he was placed in the reserve because of his advanced age but was recalled to service attached to the Ministry of War. In the days before the <a href="/wiki/Italian_armistice" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian armistice">Italian armistice</a>, he was placed in command of the troops intended to defend Rome, but he never actually exercised a field command. He was captured by the Germans on 23 September and sent to an <a href="/wiki/Oflag" title="Oflag">officers' camp</a> at <a href="/wiki/Schokken" class="mw-redirect" title="Schokken">Schokken</a>. He was liberated by the arrival of <a href="/wiki/Red_Army" title="Red Army">Red Army</a> troops, sent to <a href="/wiki/Kharkov" class="mw-redirect" title="Kharkov">Kharkov</a>, and thence returned to Italy on 9 October 1945.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010400_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010400-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During his imprisonment, Geloso wrote to Graziani, the Minister of War in the <a href="/wiki/Italian_Social_Republic" title="Italian Social Republic">Italian Social Republic</a> (RSI), asking for his intervention to secure his release; but, appeared not to have joined the RSI.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On his return to Italy, he was asked to compile a series of memoranda on his fellow prisoners and their behaviour in captivity.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_life">Later life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Later life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He was placed on leave on 1 February 1946 but was recalled to temporary service from 27 April to 30 June 1947. On 28 May 1947, the Italian monarchy <a href="/wiki/Italian_institutional_referendum,_1946" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian institutional referendum, 1946">having been abolished the previous year</a> he swore an oath of loyalty to the new <a href="/wiki/Italian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian Republic">Italian Republic</a>. On 1 May 1954, he was placed in permanent leave because of his advanced age. He died at Rome on 23 July 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401_12-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Massignani2000-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-20"><sup><i><b>u</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-21"><sup><i><b>v</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-22"><sup><i><b>w</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-23"><sup><i><b>x</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-24"><sup><i><b>y</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Massignani2000_1-25"><sup><i><b>z</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMassignani2000" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Massignani, Alessandro (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/carlo-geloso_(Dizionario-Biografico)/">"GELOSO, Carlo"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dizionario_Biografico_degli_Italiani" title="Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani">Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani</a>, Volume 53: Gelati–Ghisalberti</i> (in Italian). Rome: <a href="/wiki/Treccani" title="Treccani">Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8-81200032-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-8-81200032-6"><bdi>978-8-81200032-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=GELOSO%2C+Carlo&rft.btitle=Dizionario+Biografico+degli+Italiani%2C+Volume+53%3A+Gelati%E2%80%93Ghisalberti&rft.place=Rome&rft.pub=Istituto+dell%27Enciclopedia+Italiana&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-8-81200032-6&rft.aulast=Massignani&rft.aufirst=Alessandro&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.treccani.it%2Fenciclopedia%2Fcarlo-geloso_%28Dizionario-Biografico%29%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarlo+Geloso" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, p. 396.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396–397-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010396–397_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, pp. 396–397.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010397_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, p. 397.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, p. 398.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398–399-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010398–399_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, p. 398–399.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010399_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, p. 399.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Santarelli-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Santarelli_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantarelli2004" class="citation journal cs1">Santarelli, Lidia (2004). "Muted violence: Italian war crimes in occupied Greece". <i>Journal of Modern Italian Studies</i>. <b>9</b> (3): 280–299. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F1354571042000254728">10.1080/1354571042000254728</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:143570472">143570472</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Modern+Italian+Studies&rft.atitle=Muted+violence%3A+Italian+war+crimes+in+occupied+Greece&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=280-299&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F1354571042000254728&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A143570472%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Santarelli&rft.aufirst=Lidia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarlo+Geloso" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010319–333-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010319–333_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, pp. 319–333.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin20103,_400-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin20103,_400_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, pp. 3, 400.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010400-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010400_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, p. 400.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBregantin2010401_12-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBregantin2010">Bregantin 2010</a>, p. 401.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBregantin2010" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Bregantin, Lisa (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dspace.unive.it/handle/10579/970"><i>L'occupazione dimenticata. Gli italiani in Grecia 1941-1943</i></a> [<i>The Forgotten Occupation. The Italians in Greece 1941–1943</i>] (PhD thesis) (in Italian). Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=L%27occupazione+dimenticata.+Gli+italiani+in+Grecia+1941-1943&rft.inst=Universit%C3%A0+Ca%E2%80%99+Foscari+di+Venezia&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Bregantin&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdspace.unive.it%2Fhandle%2F10579%2F970&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarlo+Geloso" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Greece_during_World_War_II" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#9ecaef;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Template:Greece during World War II"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Template talk:Greece during World War II"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Greece during World War II"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Greece_during_World_War_II" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Greece during World War II">Greece during World War II</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="1940–1941_Balkans_Campaign" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Balkans_campaign_(World_War_II)" title="Balkans campaign (World War II)">1940–1941 Balkans Campaign</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Greco-Italian War<br /><span class="nobold">(1940–1941)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Pindus" title="Battle of Pindus">Pindus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elaia%E2%80%93Kalamas" title="Battle of Elaia–Kalamas">Elaia–Kalamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Korytsa" title="Battle of Korytsa">Korytsa/Korcë</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Saranda" title="Battle of Saranda">Saranda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Morava%E2%80%93Ivan" title="Battle of Morava–Ivan">Morava–Ivan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Himara" title="Battle of Himara">Himara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capture_of_Klisura_Pass" title="Capture of Klisura Pass">Klisura Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trebeshina" title="Battle of Trebeshina">Trebeshina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_spring_offensive" title="Italian spring offensive">Italian spring offensive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hill_731" title="Battle of Hill 731">Hill 731</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/30px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Metaxas" title="Ioannis Metaxas">Ioannis Metaxas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Papagos" title="Alexandros Papagos">Alexandros Papagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charalambos_Katsimitros" title="Charalambos Katsimitros">Charalambos Katsimitros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Davakis" title="Konstantinos Davakis">Konstantinos Davakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markos_Drakos_(general)" title="Markos Drakos (general)">Markos Drakos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Pitsikas" title="Ioannis Pitsikas">Ioannis Pitsikas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Papadopoulos_(general)" title="Dimitrios Papadopoulos (general)">Dimitrios Papadopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Kosmas" title="Georgios Kosmas">Georgios Kosmas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benito_Mussolini" title="Benito Mussolini">Benito Mussolini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galeazzo_Ciano" title="Galeazzo Ciano">Galeazzo Ciano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebastiano_Visconti_Prasca" title="Sebastiano Visconti Prasca">Sebastiano Visconti Prasca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ubaldo_Soddu" title="Ubaldo Soddu">Ubaldo Soddu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ugo_Cavallero" title="Ugo Cavallero">Ugo Cavallero</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carlo Geloso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/30px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/8th_Infantry_Division_(Greece)" title="8th Infantry Division (Greece)">8th Infantry Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Army_Section" title="Epirus Army Section">Epirus Army Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Macedonia_Army_Section" title="Western Macedonia Army Section">Western Macedonia Army Section</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9th_Army_(Italy)" title="9th Army (Italy)">9th Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11th_Army_(Italy)" title="11th Army (Italy)">11th Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/German_invasion_of_Greece" title="German invasion of Greece">German invasion<br /><span class="nobold">(April–May 1941)</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Lustre" title="Operation Lustre">Operation Lustre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Metaxas_Line" title="Battle of the Metaxas Line">Metaxas Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Vevi_(1941)" title="Battle of Vevi (1941)">Vevi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kleisoura_Pass" title="Battle of Kleisoura Pass">Kleisoura Pass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thermopylae_(1941)" title="Battle of Thermopylae (1941)">Thermopylae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Crete" title="Battle of Crete">Crete</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/30px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">King George II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Papagos" title="Alexandros Papagos">Alexandros Papagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Bakopoulos" title="Konstantinos Bakopoulos">Konstantinos Bakopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Tsolakoglou" title="Georgios Tsolakoglou">Georgios Tsolakoglou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">British Commonwealth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Maitland_Wilson" title="Henry Maitland Wilson">Henry Maitland Wilson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Blamey" title="Thomas Blamey">Thomas Blamey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Freyberg,_1st_Baron_Freyberg" title="Bernard Freyberg, 1st Baron Freyberg">Bernard Freyberg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_List" title="Wilhelm List">Wilhelm List</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sepp_Dietrich" title="Sepp Dietrich">Sepp Dietrich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Student" title="Kurt Student">Kurt Student</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_battle_for_the_Battle_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Order of battle for the Battle of Greece">Units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece"><img alt="Greece" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/20px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/30px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg/40px-State_Flag_of_Greece_%281863-1924_and_1935-1973%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece" title="Kingdom of Greece">Greece</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Macedonia_Army_Section" title="Eastern Macedonia Army Section">Eastern Macedonia Army Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Macedonia_Army_Section" title="Central Macedonia Army Section">Central Macedonia Army Section</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epirus_Army_Section" title="Epirus Army Section">Epirus Army Section</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom"><img alt="United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/30px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">British Commonwealth</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Armoured_Brigade_(United_Kingdom)" title="1st Armoured Brigade (United Kingdom)">1st Armoured Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2nd_New_Zealand_Division" title="2nd New Zealand Division">2nd New Zealand Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/6th_Division_(Australia)" title="6th Division (Australia)">6th Australian Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XVIII_Army_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="XVIII Army Corps (Wehrmacht)">XVIII Army Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XXXX_Panzer_Corps" title="XXXX Panzer Corps">XXXX Panzer Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luftflotte_4" title="Luftflotte 4">Luftflotte 4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1st_Parachute_Division_(Germany)" title="1st Parachute Division (Germany)">1st Parachute Division</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5th_Mountain_Division_(Wehrmacht)" title="5th Mountain Division (Wehrmacht)">5th Mountain Division</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Occupation_and_collaboration" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Axis_occupation_of_Greece" title="Axis occupation of Greece">Occupation and collaboration</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Occupying<br />powers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Leaders and<br />commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany"><img alt="Nazi Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/20px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Germany_%281935%E2%80%931945%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_Altenburg" title="Günther Altenburg">Günther Altenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Neubacher" title="Hermann Neubacher">Hermann Neubacher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Schimana" title="Walter Schimana">Walter Schimana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_L%C3%B6hr" title="Alexander Löhr">Alexander Löhr</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Group_E" title="Army Group E">Army Group E</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellmuth_Felmy" title="Hellmuth Felmy">Hellmuth Felmy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LXVIII_Army_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="LXVIII Army Corps (Wehrmacht)">LXVIII Army Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hubert_Lanz" title="Hubert Lanz">Hubert Lanz</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/XXII_Mountain_Corps_(Wehrmacht)" title="XXII Mountain Corps (Wehrmacht)">XXII Mountain Corps</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Andrae" title="Alexander Andrae">Alexander Andrae</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Br%C3%A4uer" title="Bruno Bräuer">Bruno Bräuer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Friedrich-Wilhelm_M%C3%BCller" title="Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller">Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortress_Crete" title="Fortress Crete">Fortress Crete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Merten" title="Max Merten">Max Merten</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy"><img alt="Kingdom of Italy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/20px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/30px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg/40px-Flag_of_Italy_%281861-1946%29_crowned.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Italy_during_World_War_II" title="Military history of Italy during World War II">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angelico_Carta" title="Angelico Carta">Angelico Carta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pellegrino_Ghigi" title="Pellegrino Ghigi">Pellegrino Ghigi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piero_Parini" title="Piero Parini">Piero Parini</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carlo Geloso</a> and <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Vecchiarelli" title="Carlo Vecchiarelli">Carlo Vecchiarelli</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/11th_Army_(Italy)" title="11th Army (Italy)">11th Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Army_Corps_(Italy)" class="mw-redirect" title="3rd Army Corps (Italy)">III Army Corps</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/III_Corpo_d%27armata_(Regio_Esercito)" class="extiw" title="it:III Corpo d'armata (Regio Esercito)">it</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VIII_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="VIII Army Corps (Italy)">VIII Army Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XXVI_Army_Corps_(Italy)" title="XXVI Army Corps (Italy)">XXVI Corps</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:none;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/20px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/30px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/40px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria_during_World_War_II" title="Bulgaria during World War II">Bulgaria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ivan_Markov_(Bulgarian_general)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ivan Markov (Bulgarian general) (page does not exist)">Ivan Markov</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2_(%D0%B3%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB-%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82)" class="extiw" title="bg:Иван Марков (генерал-лейтенант)">bg</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Trifon_Trifonov&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trifon Trifonov (page does not exist)">Trifon Trifonov</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD_%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2_(%D0%BE%D1%84%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B5%D1%80)" class="extiw" title="bg:Трифон Трифонов (офицер)">bg</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asen_Sirakov" title="Asen Sirakov">Asen Sirakov</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_Kondomari" title="Massacre of Kondomari">Kondomari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razing_of_Kandanos" title="Razing of Kandanos">Kandanos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alikianos_executions" title="Alikianos executions">Alikianos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxato" title="Doxato">Doxato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacres_of_Mousiotitsa" title="Massacres of Mousiotitsa">Mousiotitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_Kommeno" title="Massacre of Kommeno">Kommeno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalavryta_massacre" title="Kalavryta massacre">Kalavryta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingiades_massacre" title="Lingiades massacre">Lingiades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Distomo_massacre" title="Distomo massacre">Distomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Domenikon_massacre" title="Domenikon massacre">Domenikon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drakeia_massacre" title="Drakeia massacre">Drakeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cephalonia_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Cephalonia massacre">Cephalonia (Acqui Division)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesovouno_massacres" title="Mesovouno massacres">Mesovouno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrgoi_massacre" title="Pyrgoi massacre">Pyrgoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razing_of_Vorizia" title="Razing of Vorizia">Vorizia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viannos_massacres" title="Viannos massacres">Viannos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallikratis_executions" title="Kallikratis executions">Kallikratis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Burnings_of_Kali_Sykia" title="Burnings of Kali Sykia">Kali Sykia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razing_of_Anogeia" title="Razing of Anogeia">Anogeia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_of_Kedros" title="Holocaust of Kedros">Kedros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kleisoura_massacre&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kleisoura massacre (page does not exist)">Kleisoura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haidari_concentration_camp" title="Haidari concentration camp">Haidari concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Larissa_concentration_camp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Larissa concentration camp (page does not exist)">Larissa concentration camp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1_May_1944_Kaisariani_executions" title="1 May 1944 Kaisariani executions">200 of Kaisariani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chortiatis_massacre" title="Chortiatis massacre">Chortiatis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Economic<br />exploitation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Famine_(Greece)" title="Great Famine (Greece)">Great Famine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_War_Relief_Association" title="Greek War Relief Association">GWRA</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperinflation_in_Greece" title="Hyperinflation in Greece">Hyperinflation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEGRIGES" title="DEGRIGES">DEGRIGES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compulsory_loan_of_Greece_to_Nazi_Germany" title="Compulsory loan of Greece to Nazi Germany">Compulsory loan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Occupation_Reichsmark&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Occupation Reichsmark (page does not exist)">Occupation Reichsmark</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%BF" class="extiw" title="el:Κατοχικό μάρκο">el</a>]</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Greece" title="The Holocaust in Greece">The Holocaust</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Bulgarian-occupied_Greece" title="The Holocaust in Bulgarian-occupied Greece">Bulgarian-occupied Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Thessaloniki#Second_World_War" title="History of the Jews in Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zvi_Koretz" title="Zvi Koretz">Zvi Koretz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_cemetery_of_Salonica" title="Jewish cemetery of Salonica">Jewish cemetery of Salonica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Thessaloniki#Deportation" title="History of the Jews in Thessaloniki">Baron Hirsch ghetto</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Expropriation_of_Jewish_property_in_Thessaloniki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Expropriation of Jewish property in Thessaloniki (page does not exist)">Expropriation of property</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rescue_of_the_Jews_of_Zakynthos" title="Rescue of the Jews of Zakynthos">Rescue of the Jews of Zakynthos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_State_(1941%E2%80%931944)" title="Hellenic State (1941–1944)">Collaborationist<br />government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Tsolakoglou" title="Georgios Tsolakoglou">Georgios Tsolakoglou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Logothetopoulos" title="Konstantinos Logothetopoulos">K. Logothetopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Rallis" title="Ioannis Rallis">Ioannis Rallis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sotirios_Gotzamanis" title="Sotirios Gotzamanis">Sotirios Gotzamanis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Bakos" title="Georgios Bakos">Georgios Bakos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Poulos" title="Georgios Poulos">Georgios Poulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Schubert" title="Friedrich Schubert">Friedrich Schubert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Bourantas" title="Nikolaos Bourantas">Nikolaos Bourantas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_S._Mercouris" title="George S. Mercouris">George S. Mercouris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ioannis_Plytzanopoulos" title="Ioannis Plytzanopoulos">Ioannis Plytzanopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysios_Papadongonas" title="Dionysios Papadongonas">Dionysios Papadongonas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Security_Battalions" title="Security Battalions">Security Battalions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Socialist_Patriotic_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation">Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation (ESPO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_Greece" title="National Union of Greece">National Union of Greece (EEE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_National_Socialist_Party" title="Greek National Socialist Party">Greek National Socialist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Secessionists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Legion_(1941%E2%80%931943)" title="Roman Legion (1941–1943)">Roman Legion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcibiades_Diamandi" title="Alcibiades Diamandi">Alcibiades Diamandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicolaos_Matussis" title="Nicolaos Matussis">Nicolaos Matussis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vassilis_Rapotikas" title="Vassilis Rapotikas">Vassilis Rapotikas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ohrana" title="Ohrana">Ohrana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andon_Kalchev" title="Andon Kalchev">Andon Kalchev</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cham_Albanian_collaboration_with_the_Axis" title="Cham Albanian collaboration with the Axis">Cham collaboration</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%ABshilla" title="Këshilla">Këshilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xhemil_Dino" title="Xhemil Dino">Xhemil Dino</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paramythia_executions" title="Paramythia executions">Paramythia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executions_of_Kokkinia" title="Executions of Kokkinia">Executions of Kokkinia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Resistance_and_Free_Greece" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_resistance" title="Greek resistance">Resistance</a> and <a href="/wiki/Political_Committee_of_National_Liberation" title="Political Committee of National Liberation">Free Greece</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Greece)" title="National Liberation Front (Greece)">National Liberation<br />Front (EAM)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aris_Velouchiotis" title="Aris Velouchiotis">Aris Velouchiotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stefanos_Sarafis" title="Stefanos Sarafis">Stefanos Sarafis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andreas_Tzimas" title="Andreas Tzimas">Andreas Tzimas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Siantos" title="Georgios Siantos">Georgios Siantos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandros_Svolos" title="Alexandros Svolos">Alexandros Svolos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilias_Tsirimokos" title="Ilias Tsirimokos">Ilias Tsirimokos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markos_Vafeiadis" title="Markos Vafeiadis">Markos Vafeiadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evripidis_Bakirtzis" title="Evripidis Bakirtzis">Evripidis Bakirtzis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Greece" title="Communist Party of Greece">Communist Party of Greece (KKE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socialist_Party_of_Greece" title="Socialist Party of Greece">Socialist Party of Greece (SKE)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_of_People%27s_Democracy" title="Union of People's Democracy">Union of People's Democracy (ELD)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELAS" title="ELAS">Greek People's Liberation Army (ELAS)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_People%27s_Liberation_Navy" title="Greek People's Liberation Navy">Greek People's Liberation Navy (ELAN)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_Committee_of_National_Liberation" title="Political Committee of National Liberation">Political Committee of National Liberation (PEEA)</a> and <a href="/wiki/National_Council_(Greece)" title="National Council (Greece)">National Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Panhellenic_Organization_of_Youth" title="United Panhellenic Organization of Youth">United Panhellenic Organization of Youth (EPON)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Solidarity_(Greece)" title="National Solidarity (Greece)">National Solidarity (EA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_for_the_Protection_of_the_People%27s_Struggle" title="Organization for the Protection of the People's Struggle">Organization for the Protection of the People's Struggle (OPLA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Macedonia)#SNOF" title="National Liberation Front (Macedonia)">Slavic-Macedonian National Liberation Front (SNOF)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Fascist_Committee_for_a_Free_Germany" title="Anti-Fascist Committee for a Free Germany">Anti-Fascist Committee for a Free Germany (AKFD)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drama_uprising" title="Drama uprising">Drama uprising</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Ryka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Ryka (page does not exist)">Ryka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Mikro_Chorio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Mikro Chorio (page does not exist)">Mikro Chorio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Harling" title="Operation Harling">Gorgopotamos Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meritsa" title="Battle of Meritsa">Meritsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1943_Greek_protests_against_labour_mobilization" title="1943 Greek protests against labour mobilization">Protests against labour mobilization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Fardykambos" title="Battle of Fardykambos">Fardykambos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Porta" title="Battle of Porta">Porta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Sarantaporos_(1943)" title="Battle of Sarantaporos (1943)">Sarantaporos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Destruction_of_the_Kournovo_Tunnel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Destruction of the Kournovo Tunnel (page does not exist)">Kournovo Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/22_July_1943_Athens_protest" title="22 July 1943 Athens protest">1943 Athens protest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_Infantry_Division_%22Pinerolo%22" title="24th Infantry Division "Pinerolo"">Pinerolo disarmament</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Steiri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Steiri (page does not exist)">Steiri</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Agorelitsa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Agorelitsa (page does not exist)">Agorelitsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Krech#Ambush" title="Franz Krech">Killing of Franz Krech</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feneos_executions" title="Feneos executions">Feneos executions</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5/42_Evzone_Regiment_(EKKA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5/42 Evzone Regiment (EKKA) (page does not exist)">5/42 Regiment dissolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Meligalas" title="Battle of Meligalas">Meligalas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Kilkis_(1944)" title="Battle of Kilkis (1944)">Kilkis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Terror_(Greece)" title="Red Terror (Greece)">Red Terror (Greece)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Non-EAM resistance</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napoleon_Zervas" title="Napoleon Zervas">Napoleon Zervas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Kartalis" title="Georgios Kartalis">Georgios Kartalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimitrios_Psarros" title="Dimitrios Psarros">Dimitrios Psarros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komninos_Pyromaglou" title="Komninos Pyromaglou">Komninos Pyromaglou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonis_Fosteridis" title="Antonis Fosteridis">Antonis Fosteridis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kostas_Perrikos" title="Kostas Perrikos">Kostas Perrikos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilias_Degiannis" title="Ilias Degiannis">Ilias Degiannis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasileios_Sachinis" title="Vasileios Sachinis">Vasileios Sachinis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lela_Karagianni" title="Lela Karagianni">Lela Karagianni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Ventiris" title="Konstantinos Ventiris">Konstantinos Ventiris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manolis_Paterakis" title="Manolis Paterakis">Manolis Paterakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Petrakis" title="Georgios Petrakis">Petrakogiorgis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimonas_Zografakis" title="Kimonas Zografakis">Kimonas Zografakis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EDES" title="EDES">National Republican Greek League (EDES)</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Bands_of_Greek_Guerrillas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Bands of Greek Guerrillas (page does not exist)">National Bands of Greek Guerrillas (EOEA)</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_and_Social_Liberation" title="National and Social Liberation">National and Social Liberation (EKKA)</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5/42_Evzone_Regiment_(EKKA)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5/42 Evzone Regiment (EKKA) (page does not exist)">5/42 Regiment</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Liberation_Organization" title="Panhellenic Liberation Organization">Defenders of Northern Greece (YVE)/Panhellenic Liberation Organization (PAO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panhellenic_Union_of_Fighting_Youths" title="Panhellenic Union of Fighting Youths">Panhellenic Union of Fighting Youths (PEAN)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prometheus_II" title="Prometheus II">Prometheus II</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Apollo_(resistance_organization)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Apollo (resistance organization) (page does not exist)">Apollo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Organization_of_Crete" title="National Organization of Crete">National Organization of Crete (ΕΟΚ)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hellenic_Army_(Resistance_organization)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hellenic Army (Resistance organization) (page does not exist)">Hellenic Army (ES)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_Epirus_Liberation_Front" title="Northern Epirus Liberation Front">Northern Epirus Liberation Front (MAVI)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_Resistance_organizations" title="List of Greek Resistance organizations"><i>others...</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hellenic_Socialist_Patriotic_Organisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Hellenic Socialist Patriotic Organisation">ESPO bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Harling" title="Operation Harling">Gorgopotamos Bridge (Operation "Harling")</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Agia_Kyriaki&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Agia Kyriaki (page does not exist)">Agia Kyriaki</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Milia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Milia (page does not exist)">Milia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Skala_Paramythias&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Skala Paramythias (page does not exist)">Skala Paramythias</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Execution_of_Josef_Salminger&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Execution of Josef Salminger (page does not exist)">Execution of Josef Salminger</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Xirovouni&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Xirovouni (page does not exist)">Xirovouni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trahili" title="Battle of Trahili">Trahili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Menina" title="Battle of Menina">Menina</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Dodona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Dodona (page does not exist)">Dodona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Atrocities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Expulsion_of_Cham_Albanians" title="Expulsion of Cham Albanians">Expulsion of Cham Albanians</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;;line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_military_mission_to_Greece_(1942%E2%80%931944)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="British military mission to Greece (1942–1944) (page does not exist)">British Military Mission</a> (<a href="/wiki/Special_Operations_Executive" title="Special Operations Executive">SOE</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eddie_Myers" title="Eddie Myers">Eddie Myers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montague_Woodhouse,_5th_Baron_Terrington" title="Montague Woodhouse, 5th Baron Terrington">Monty Woodhouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrick_Leigh_Fermor" title="Patrick Leigh Fermor">Patrick Leigh Fermor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._Stanley_Moss" title="W. Stanley Moss">Bill Stanley Moss</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Themis_Marinos&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Themis Marinos (page does not exist)">Themis Marinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Psychoundakis" title="George Psychoundakis">George Psychoundakis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerzy_Iwanow-Szajnowicz" title="Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz">Jerzy Iwanow-Szajnowicz</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Operations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Albumen" title="Operation Albumen">Operation "Albumen"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Harling" title="Operation Harling">Gorgopotamos Bridge (Operation "Harling")</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Animals" title="Operation Animals">Operation "Animals"</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Washing" title="Operation Washing">Asopos Bridge (Operation "Washing")</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Heinrich_Kreipe" title="Kidnapping of Heinrich Kreipe">Kidnapping of Heinrich Kreipe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damasta_sabotage" title="Damasta sabotage">Damasta sabotage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Greek_government-in-exile" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Greek_government-in-exile" title="Greek government-in-exile">Greek government-in-exile</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Greek_governmentin_exile" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Greek_government-in-exile" title="Greek government-in-exile">Greek government<br />in exile</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Events/Battles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Mareth_Line" title="Battle of the Mareth Line">Mareth Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Battle_of_El_Alamein" title="Second Battle of El Alamein">El Alamein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Wadi_Akarit" title="Battle of Wadi Akarit">Wadi Akarit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodecanese_campaign" title="Dodecanese campaign">Dodecanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1944_Greek_naval_mutiny" title="1944 Greek naval mutiny">April 1944 mutiny</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Rimini_(1944)" title="Battle of Rimini (1944)">Rimini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Symi" title="Raid on Symi">Symi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid_on_Santorini" title="Raid on Santorini">Santorini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_II_of_Greece" title="George II of Greece">King George II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanouil_Tsouderos" title="Emmanouil Tsouderos">Emmanouil Tsouderos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofoklis_Venizelos" title="Sofoklis Venizelos">Sofoklis Venizelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panagiotis_Kanellopoulos" title="Panagiotis Kanellopoulos">Panagiotis Kanellopoulos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thrasyvoulos_Tsakalotos" title="Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos">Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christodoulos_Tsigantes" title="Christodoulos Tsigantes">Christodoulos Tsigantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pafsanias_Katsotas" title="Pafsanias Katsotas">Pafsanias Katsotas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Greek_Armed_Forces_in_the_Middle_East" title="Greek Armed Forces in the Middle East">Greek Armed Forces<br />in the Middle East</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Greek_Mountain_Brigade" title="3rd Greek Mountain Brigade">3rd Mountain Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacred_Band_(World_War_II)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sacred Band (World War II)">Sacred Band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_destroyer_Vasilissa_Olga" title="Greek destroyer Vasilissa Olga"><i>Vasilissa Olga</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_destroyer_Adrias_(L67)" title="Greek destroyer Adrias (L67)"><i>Adrias</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_submarine_Katsonis_(Y-1)" title="Greek submarine Katsonis (Y-1)"><i>Katsonis</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_submarine_Papanikolis_(Y-2)" title="Greek submarine Papanikolis (Y-2)"><i>Papanikolis</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/13th_Light_Bomber_Squadron" title="13th Light Bomber Squadron">13th Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/335th_Squadron_(HAF)" title="335th Squadron (HAF)">335th Squadron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/336th_Bomber_Squadron" title="336th Bomber Squadron">336th Squadron</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Liberation_and_road_to_the_civil_war" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Liberation and road to the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">civil war</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Prelude_to_Civil_War" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%;text-align:center;">Prelude to <a href="/wiki/Greek_Civil_War" title="Greek Civil War">Civil War</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Bands_Agreement" title="National Bands Agreement">National Bands Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plaka_agreement&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Plaka agreement (page does not exist)">Plaka agreement</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CF%85%CE%BC%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%82_-_%CE%9C%CF%85%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%85" class="extiw" title="el:Συμφωνία της Πλάκας - Μυρόφυλλου">el</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Terror_(Greece)" title="Red Terror (Greece)">Red Terror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon_Conference" title="Lebanon Conference">Lebanon Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caserta_Agreement" title="Caserta Agreement">Caserta Agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Manna" title="Operation Manna">Operation "Manna"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percentages_agreement" title="Percentages agreement">Percentages agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dekemvriana" title="Dekemvriana">Dekemvriana</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Varkiza" title="Treaty of Varkiza">Treaty of Varkiza</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Greece)" title="White Terror (Greece)">White Terror</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Scobie" title="Ronald Scobie">Ronald Scobie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Papandreou" title="Georgios Papandreou">Georgios Papandreou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damaskinos_of_Athens" title="Damaskinos of Athens">Archbishop Damaskinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Grivas" title="Georgios Grivas">Georgios Grivas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angelos_Evert" title="Angelos Evert">Angelos Evert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Zachariadis" title="Nikos Zachariadis">Nikos Zachariadis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#cedff2;"><div id="Commemoration" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Commemoration</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ohi_Day" title="Ohi Day">Ohi Day</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Athens_War_Museum" title="Athens War Museum">Athens War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holocaust_Museum_of_Greece" title="Holocaust Museum of Greece">Holocaust Museum of Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Kalavryta_Holocaust" title="Museum of the Kalavryta Holocaust">Kalavryta Massacre Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Museum_of_Kalpaki" title="War Museum of Kalpaki">Kalpaki War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_the_Battle_of_Crete_and_the_National_Resistance" title="Museum of the Battle of Crete and the National Resistance">Museum of the Battle of Crete and the National Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/War_Museum_of_Thessaloniki" title="War Museum of Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki War Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#cedff2;;width:1%">Popular culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aera!_Aera!_Aera!" title="Aera! Aera! Aera!">Aera! Aera! Aera!</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin">Captain Corelli's Mandolin</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Captain_Corelli%27s_Mandolin_(film)" title="Captain Corelli's Mandolin (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ill_Met_by_Moonlight" title="Ill Met by Moonlight">Ill Met by Moonlight</a></i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ill_Met_by_Moonlight_(film)" title="Ill Met by Moonlight (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ipolochagos_Natassa" class="mw-redirect" title="Ipolochagos Natassa">Ipolochagos Natassa</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mediterraneo" title="Mediterraneo">Mediterraneo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_11th_Day:_Crete_1941" title="The 11th Day: Crete 1941">The 11th Day: Crete 1941</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Guns_of_Navarone_(novel)" title="The Guns of Navarone (novel)"><i>The Guns of Navarone</i></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Guns_of_Navarone_(film)" title="The Guns of Navarone (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/What_Did_You_Do_in_the_War,_Thanasis%3F" title="What Did You Do in the War, Thanasis?">What Did You Do in the War, Thanasis?</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2646516#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2646516#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2646516#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000066319496">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/89139869">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwD3KbpHHcmWGpqHvMgKd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2017116597">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/255721">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p25212667X">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/204579">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007356375305171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="GELOSO, Carlo"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/carlo-geloso_(Dizionario-Biografico)">Italian People</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/252840143">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&oldid=1251519801">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&oldid=1251519801</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1879_births" title="Category:1879 births">1879 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1957_deaths" title="Category:1957 deaths">1957 deaths</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_Army_generals" title="Category:Italian Army generals">Italian Army generals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_military_personnel_of_the_Second_Italo-Ethiopian_War" title="Category:Italian military personnel of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War">Italian military personnel of the Second Italo-Ethiopian War</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_military_personnel_of_World_War_I" title="Category:Italian military personnel of World War I">Italian military personnel of World War I</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_occupation_of_Greece_during_World_War_II" title="Category:Italian occupation of Greece during World War II">Italian occupation of Greece during World War II</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_prisoners_of_war" title="Category:Italian prisoners of war">Italian prisoners of war</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_war_crimes_in_Ethiopia" title="Category:Italian war crimes in Ethiopia">Italian war crimes in Ethiopia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Italian_war_criminals" title="Category:Italian war criminals">Italian war criminals</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Military_personnel_from_Palermo" title="Category:Military personnel from Palermo">Military personnel from Palermo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Knights_of_the_Military_Order_of_Savoy" title="Category:Knights of the Military Order of Savoy">Knights of the Military Order of Savoy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Recipients_of_the_Silver_Medal_of_Military_Valor" title="Category:Recipients of the Silver Medal of Military Valor">Recipients of the Silver Medal of Military Valor</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Royal_Italian_Army_personnel_of_World_War_II" title="Category:Royal Italian Army personnel of World War II">Royal Italian Army personnel of World War II</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:World_War_II_prisoners_of_war_held_by_Germany" title="Category:World War II prisoners of war held by Germany">World War II prisoners of war held by Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:People_of_the_Greco-Italian_War" title="Category:People of the Greco-Italian War">People of the Greco-Italian War</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Italian-language_sources_(it)" title="Category:CS1 Italian-language sources (it)">CS1 Italian-language sources (it)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 16 October 2024, at 15:32<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carlo_Geloso&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-68775984f6-k7629","wgBackendResponseTime":1141,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.675","walltime":"0.949","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5939,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":270542,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":7381,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":19,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":38534,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 672.594 1 -total"," 40.62% 273.236 20 Template:Navbox"," 33.42% 224.803 1 Template:Greece_during_World_War_II"," 32.80% 220.631 1 Template:Navbox_with_collapsible_groups"," 18.26% 122.789 1 Template:Infobox_military_person"," 17.80% 119.717 1 Template:Reflist"," 17.28% 116.237 1 Template:Infobox"," 13.26% 89.178 1 Template:DBI"," 12.70% 85.403 1 Template:Cite_book"," 11.53% 77.558 19 Template:Sfn"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.363","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":8000908,"limit":52428800},"limitreport-logs":"anchor_id_list = table#1 {\n [\"CITEREFBregantin2010\"] = 1,\n [\"CITEREFSantarelli2004\"] = 1,\n}\ntemplate_list = table#1 {\n [\"Army\"] = 1,\n [\"Authority control\"] = 1,\n [\"Birth date\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite journal\"] = 1,\n [\"Cite thesis\"] = 1,\n [\"DBI\"] = 1,\n [\"DEFAULTSORT:Geloso, Carlo\"] = 1,\n [\"Death date and age\"] = 1,\n [\"Flag\"] = 1,\n [\"Greece during World War II\"] = 1,\n [\"Infobox military person\"] = 1,\n [\"Reflist\"] = 1,\n [\"Sfn\"] = 19,\n [\"Short description\"] = 1,\n}\narticle_whitelist = table#1 {\n}\n"},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-68775984f6-k7629","timestamp":"20241125192748","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Carlo Geloso","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carlo_Geloso","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2646516","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2646516","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2007-12-21T12:43:19Z","dateModified":"2024-10-16T15:32:07Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/6\/65\/Carlo_Geloso.jpg","headline":"Italian general (1879\u20131957)"}</script> </body> </html>