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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 History </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle History subsection </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.1 Early history </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Founding_and_industrialization" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Founding_and_industrialization"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.2 Founding and industrialization </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Founding_and_industrialization-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geopolitical_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geopolitical_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.3 Geopolitical significance </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geopolitical_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Post-war_period_and_modern_day" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Post-war_period_and_modern_day"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2.4 Post-war period and modern day </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Post-war_period_and_modern_day-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Geography </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Geography subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Neighbourhoods_and_other_subdivisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Neighbourhoods_and_other_subdivisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Neighbourhoods and other subdivisions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Neighbourhoods_and_other_subdivisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Climate </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Temperature_records_of_Tampere" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Temperature_records_of_Tampere"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2.1 Temperature records of Tampere </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Temperature_records_of_Tampere-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cityscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cityscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Cityscape </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cityscape-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Cityscape subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Cityscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Revival_and_nationalism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Revival_and_nationalism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.1 Revival and nationalism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Revival_and_nationalism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Functionalism_and_modernism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Functionalism_and_modernism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4.2 Functionalism and modernism </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Functionalism_and_modernism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Economy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Energy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Energy </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water_and_waste_management" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water_and_waste_management"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Water and waste management </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water_and_waste_management-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Demographics </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Demographics subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Population </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Languages </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Immigration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Immigration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Immigration </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Immigration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Urban_areas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Urban_areas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.4 Urban areas </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Urban_areas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.5 Religion </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Education </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Arts_and_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Arts_and_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Arts and culture </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Arts and culture subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Arts_and_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.1 Media </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Food" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Food"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.2 Food </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Food-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.3 Music </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Theatre" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Theatre"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.4 Theatre </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Theatre-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_activities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_activities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.5 Religious activities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_activities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-City_rivalry_with_Turku" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#City_rivalry_with_Turku"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10.6 City rivalry with Turku </div> </a> <ul id="toc-City_rivalry_with_Turku-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Main sights </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Main sights subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pispala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pispala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11.1 Pispala </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pispala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Events" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Events"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Events </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Events-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Events subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Events-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Concerts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Concerts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12.1 Concerts </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Concerts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 Sport </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Sport subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ice_hockey" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ice_hockey"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.1 Ice hockey </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ice_hockey-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.2 Football </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Basketball" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Basketball"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.3 Basketball </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Basketball-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Batting_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Batting_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.4 Batting sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Batting_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-American_football" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#American_football"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.5 American football </div> </a> <ul id="toc-American_football-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Speedway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Speedway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.6 Speedway </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Speedway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gymnastics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gymnastics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.7 Gymnastics </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gymnastics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13.8 Other sports </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14 Transport </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Transport subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Distances_to_other_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Distances_to_other_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 14.1 Distances to other cities </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Distances_to_other_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15 Government </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Government subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mayors_over_time" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mayors_over_time"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 15.1 Mayors over time </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mayors_over_time-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16 Notable people </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Notable people subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Born_before_1900" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Born_before_1900"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.1 Born before 1900 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Born_before_1900-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Born_after_1900" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Born_after_1900"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 16.2 Born after 1900 </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Born_after_1900-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 17 International relations </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 18 See also </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 19 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 20 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 21 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 22 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Tampere</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 142 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-142" aria-hidden="true" > 142 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%B3%E1%88%9D%E1%8D%94%E1%88%AD" title="ታምፔር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ታምፔር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Inari Sami" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="Inari Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Anarâškielâ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="تامبيري – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تامبيري" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aymar aru</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%87" title="তামপেরে – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তামপেরে" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8D" title="Тамперэ – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Тамперэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D" title="Тампэрэ – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Тампэрэ" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere_(munisipyo)" title="Tampere (munisipyo) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Tampere (munisipyo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Chavacano de Zamboanga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target">ChiTumbuka</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dolnoserbski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%AC%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B5" title="Τάμπερε – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τάμπερε" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%BE%D1%88" title="Тампере ош – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Тампере ош" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target">Эрзянь</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target">Estremeñu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Ewe" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="Ewe" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eʋegbe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%87" title="تامپره – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="تامپره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Føroyskt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Frysk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fulfulde</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%83%90%ED%8E%98%EB%A0%88" title="탐페레 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="탐페레" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hausa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Hawaiian" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="Hawaiian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hawaiʻi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A5" title="Տամպերե – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տամպերե" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingue</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ik mw-list-item"><a href="https://ik.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampiaraq" title="Tampiaraq – Inupiaq" lang="ik" hreflang="ik" data-title="Tampiaraq" data-language-autonym="Iñupiatun" data-language-local-name="Inupiaq" class="interlanguage-link-target">Iñupiatun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/ITampere" title="ITampere – Xhosa" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="ITampere" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="Xhosa" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiXhosa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%94_(%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8)" title="טמפרה (עיר) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טמפרה (עיר)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94" title="ტამპერე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ტამპერე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Cornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Cornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rn mw-list-item"><a href="https://rn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Rundi" lang="rn" hreflang="rn" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Ikirundi" data-language-local-name="Rundi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ikirundi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kongo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kotava</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kurdî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tammerforsia" title="Tammerforsia – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Tammerforsia" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamper%C4%97" title="Tamperė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tamperė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lingála</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lombard</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target">Māori</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87" title="तांपेरे – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तांपेरे" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%B1%D9%8A" title="تامبيري – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تامبيري" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%87" title="تامپره – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="تامپره" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target">مازِرونی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D" title="Тампэрэ – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Тампэрэ" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Мокшень</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Na Vosa Vakaviti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%87" title="ताम्पेरे – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="ताम्पेरे" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाली</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%9A%E3%83%AC" title="タンペレ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="タンペレ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Нохчийн</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tammerfors" title="Tammerfors – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Tammerfors" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tammerfors" title="Tammerfors – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Tammerfors" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Олык марий</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Oromo" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="Oromo" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oromoo</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%92" title="تامپیرے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تامپیرے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5_(%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%80)" title="Тампере (кар) – Komi-Permyak" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Тампере (кар)" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="Komi-Permyak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Перем коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Qaraqalpaqsha</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Vlax Romani" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="Vlax Romani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Romani čhib</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sängö</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target">Scots</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Southern Sotho" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="Southern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Northern Sotho" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="Northern Sotho" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sesotho sa Leboa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ślůnski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tammerfors" title="Tammerfors – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Tammerfors" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tetun</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A3" title="ตัมเปเร – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตัมเปเร" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkmençe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Twi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Тампере – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Тампере" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="ٹیمپیر – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ٹیمپیر" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vèneto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampereh" title="Tampereh – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Tampereh" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target">Volapük</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target">Võro</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E4%BD%A9%E9%9B%B7" title="坦佩雷 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="坦佩雷" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AD%9A%E6%9F%8F%E5%88%A9" title="譚柏利 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="譚柏利" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Tampere" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Zazaki</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamper%C4%97" title="Tamperė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Tamperė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Žemaitėška</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tampere&params=61_29_53_N_23_45_36_E_type:city(260358)_region:FI-11">61°29′53″N 23°45′36″E / 61.49806°N 23.76000°E / 61.49806; 23.76000</a></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaanaa_Speedway&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaanaa Speedway">Kaanaa Speedway</a>)</div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Third-most populous city in Finland</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Tamper_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Tamper (disambiguation)">tamper (disambiguation)</a> or <a href="/wiki/Tampering_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Tampering (disambiguation)">tampering (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the Estonian folklorist, see <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Tampere" title="Herbert Tampere">Herbert Tampere</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Pirkanmaa, Finland</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Tampere</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native">Tammerfors (<a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow ib-settlement-official"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Tampereen kaupunki Tammerfors stad City of Tampere</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere_Montage_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Clockwise from top: the cityscape (viewed from Näsinneula); Tampere City Hall; Särkänniemi (from Näsinneula); Tampere Hall; the skyline with Näsinneula; Tammerkoski from Hämeensilta Bridge; and the Cathedral."><img alt="Clockwise from top: the cityscape (viewed from Näsinneula); Tampere City Hall; Särkänniemi (from Näsinneula); Tampere Hall; the skyline with Näsinneula; Tammerkoski from Hämeensilta Bridge; and the Cathedral." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tampere_Montage_1.jpg/250px-Tampere_Montage_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="422" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tampere_Montage_1.jpg/375px-Tampere_Montage_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Tampere_Montage_1.jpg/500px-Tampere_Montage_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1750" data-file-height="2952" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Clockwise from top: the cityscape (viewed from <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4sinneula" title="Näsinneula">Näsinneula</a>); <a href="/wiki/Tampere_City_Hall" title="Tampere City Hall">Tampere City Hall</a>; <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi" title="Särkänniemi">Särkänniemi</a> (from Näsinneula); <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Hall" title="Tampere Hall">Tampere Hall</a>; the skyline with Näsinneula; <a href="/wiki/Tammerkoski" title="Tammerkoski">Tammerkoski</a> from <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meensilta" title="Hämeensilta">Hämeensilta</a> Bridge; and the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Cathedral" title="Tampere Cathedral">Cathedral</a>.</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere.lippu.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Tampere"><img alt="Flag of Tampere" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Tampere.lippu.svg/96px-Tampere.lippu.svg.png" decoding="async" width="96" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Tampere.lippu.svg/145px-Tampere.lippu.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Tampere.lippu.svg/193px-Tampere.lippu.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="400" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere.vaakuna.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Tampere"><img alt="Coat of arms of Tampere" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/70px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/105px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/141px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="569" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Manchester of the North, Manse (in Finnish),<a href="#cite_note-yle_elava_arkisto_tampere-1">[1]</a> Nääsville (in Finnish),<a href="#cite_note-2">[a]</a><a href="#cite_note-yle_elava_arkisto_tampere-1">[1]</a> Sauna Capital of the World</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Pirkanmaa_Tampere_2021_clean.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Tampere (in black) in the Pirkanmaa region"><img alt="Location of Tampere (in black) in the Pirkanmaa region" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Pirkanmaa_Tampere_2021_clean.svg/250px-Pirkanmaa_Tampere_2021_clean.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="258" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Pirkanmaa_Tampere_2021_clean.svg/375px-Pirkanmaa_Tampere_2021_clean.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Pirkanmaa_Tampere_2021_clean.svg/500px-Pirkanmaa_Tampere_2021_clean.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1118" data-file-height="1153" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Tampere (in black) in the <a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa">Pirkanmaa</a> <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Finland" title="Regions of Finland">region</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere_sijainti_Suomi.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Tampere in Finland"><img alt="Location of Tampere in Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Tampere_sijainti_Suomi.svg/250px-Tampere_sijainti_Suomi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="421" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Tampere_sijainti_Suomi.svg/375px-Tampere_sijainti_Suomi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Tampere_sijainti_Suomi.svg/500px-Tampere_sijainti_Suomi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1750" data-file-height="2950" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location of Tampere in Finland</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Tampere&params=61_29_53_N_23_45_36_E_type:city(260358)_region:FI-11">61°29′53″N 23°45′36″E / 61.49806°N 23.76000°E / 61.49806; 23.76000</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Finland" title="Regions of Finland">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg/15px-Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg/23px-Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg/30px-Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="490" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa">Pirkanmaa</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Sub-regions_of_Finland" title="Sub-regions of Finland">Sub-region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tampere_sub-region" title="Tampere sub-region">Tampere</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Metropolitan area</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tampere_metropolitan_area" title="Tampere metropolitan area">Tampere</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City rights</th><td class="infobox-data">1 October 1779</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor<a href="#cite_note-themayor_tampere-4">[3]</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kalervo_Kummola" title="Kalervo Kummola">Kalervo Kummola</a><a href="#cite_note-election2023-3">[2]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2018-01-01)<a href="#cite_note-total_area-5">[4]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">689.59 km2 (266.25 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Land</th><td class="infobox-data">524.89 km2 (202.66 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Water</th><td class="infobox-data">164.56 km2 (63.54 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">258.52 km2 (99.82 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Finland" title="List of municipalities of Finland">166th largest</a> in Finland</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"> (2024-12-31)<a href="#cite_note-population_count-7">[6]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">260,358</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_municipalities_of_Finland" title="List of municipalities of Finland">3rd largest</a> in Finland</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">496.02/km2 (1,284.7/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">334,112<a href="#cite_note-statistics_finland_taajamat_2017-6">[5]</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,211.0/km2 (3,136/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">410,025</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">tamperelainen (Finnish) tammerforsare (Swedish) Tamperean (English)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Finland" title="Languages of Finland">Population by native language</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-population_by_language-8">[7]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a></th><td class="infobox-data">89% (official)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Finland_Swedish" title="Finland Swedish">Swedish</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.5%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Others</th><td class="infobox-data">10.4%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header"><a href="/wiki/Demographics" class="mw-redirect" title="Demographics">Population by age</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><a href="#cite_note-demography-9">[8]</a></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • 0 to 14</th><td class="infobox-data">13.3%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • 15 to 64</th><td class="infobox-data">67.5%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • 65 or older</th><td class="infobox-data">19.2%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+02:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Time" title="Eastern European Time">EET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B03:00" title="UTC+03:00">UTC+03:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_European_Summer_Time" title="Eastern European Summer Time">EEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/">www.tampere.fi</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40840#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></td></tr></tbody></table> Tampere<a href="#cite_note-14">[b]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[c]</a> is a city in <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> and the regional capital of <a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa">Pirkanmaa</a>. It is located in the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Lakeland" title="Finnish Lakeland">Finnish Lakeland</a>. The population of Tampere is approximately 260,000, while the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_metropolitan_area" title="Tampere metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a> has a population of approximately 423,000. It is the 3rd most populous <a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Finland" title="Municipalities of Finland">municipality</a> in Finland, and the second most populous <a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_areas_in_Finland_by_population" title="List of urban areas in Finland by population">urban area</a> in the country after the <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_metropolitan_area" title="Helsinki metropolitan area">Helsinki metropolitan area</a>. Tampere is the most populous inland city in the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic countries</a>.<a href="#cite_note-green-16">[13]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Tampere_urban_area" title="Tampere urban area">urban area</a> has a population of approximately 340,000.<a href="#cite_note-statistics_finland_taajamat_2017-6">[5]</a> Tampere is considered to be the most important urban, economic and cultural centre in the whole of inland Finland.<a href="#cite_note-isomaki-17">[14]</a> Tampere and its surroundings are part of the historic province of <a href="/wiki/Satakunta_(historical_province)" title="Satakunta (historical province)">Satakunta</a>. The area belonged to the <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4me_Province" title="Häme Province">province of Häme</a> from 1831 to 1997; over time, it has often been considered a province of Tavastia. For example, in <a href="/wiki/Uusi_tietosanakirja_(1960)" title="Uusi tietosanakirja (1960)">Uusi tietosanakirja</a>, published in the 1960s, the Tampere sub-region is presented as part of the then province of Tavastia. However between 1775 and 1870 Tammerkoski rapids was a border between regions Häme and Turku and Pori. The city were located at the eastern side of the rapids. The west bank was attached to the rest of the city in 1876. Around the 1950s, Tampere and its surroundings began to establish themselves as a separate province of Pirkanmaa. Tampere became the centre of Pirkanmaa, and Tammermaa was also used several times in the early days of the province, for example in the Suomi-käsikirja published in 1968.<a href="#cite_note-heikkila_2-18">[15]</a> Tampere is wedged between two lakes, Lake <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4sij%C3%A4rvi" title="Näsijärvi">Näsijärvi</a> and Lake <a href="/wiki/Pyh%C3%A4j%C3%A4rvi_(Tampere_region)" title="Pyhäjärvi (Tampere region)">Pyhäjärvi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_vesiensuojelu-19">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-thetimes-20">[17]</a> with an 18 m (59 ft) difference in water level, and the rapids that connect them, <a href="/wiki/Tammerkoski" title="Tammerkoski">Tammerkoski</a>, have been an important source of power throughout history, most recently for generating electricity.<a href="#cite_note-tekniikkatalous_2019-12-08-21">[18]</a> Tampere is known as the "<a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> of the North" because of its past as a centre of Finnish industry,<a href="#cite_note-thetimes-20">[17]</a> which has given rise to its Finnish nickname "Manse"<a href="#cite_note-yle_elava_arkisto_tampere-1">[1]</a> and terms such as "Manserock".<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_2008-22">[19]</a><a href="#cite_note-tibo_2007-23">[20]</a><a href="#cite_note-katko-24">[21]</a> Tampere has also been officially declared the "Sauna Capital of the World"<a href="#cite_note-thetimes-20">[17]</a> because it has the most public <a href="/wiki/Sauna" title="Sauna">saunas</a> in the world.<a href="#cite_note-green-16">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-spottedbylocals-25">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-business_tampere-26">[23]</a><a href="#cite_note-themayor_sauna_capital-27">[24]</a><a href="#cite_note-saunafromfinland-28">[25]</a> Helsinki is about 160 km (100 mi) south of Tampere and can be reached by <a href="/wiki/VR_Class_Sm3" title="VR Class Sm3">Pendolino</a> high-speed train in 1 hour 31 minutes<a href="#cite_note-vr_2018-29">[26]</a> and by car in 2 hours. The distance to <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a>, the third most populous <a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_areas_in_Finland_by_population" title="List of urban areas in Finland by population">urban area</a> in the country after Helsinki and Tampere, is about the same. The <a href="/wiki/Tampere%E2%80%93Pirkkala_Airport" title="Tampere–Pirkkala Airport">Tampere–Pirkkala Airport</a> is the eighth busiest airport in Finland, with more than 230,000 passengers using it in 2017.<a href="#cite_note-finavia_2018-30">[27]</a> Tampere is also an important transit route for three <a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Finland" title="Highways in Finland">Finnish highways</a>: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_national_road_3" title="Finnish national road 3">Highway 3</a> (<a href="/wiki/European_route_E12" title="European route E12">E12</a>), <a href="/wiki/Finnish_national_road_9" title="Finnish national road 9">Highway 9</a> (<a href="/wiki/European_route_E63" title="European route E63">E63</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Finnish_national_road_12" title="Finnish national road 12">Highway 12</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Tampere_light_rail" title="Tampere light rail">Tampere light rail</a> had two lines when it started operating in 2021.<a href="#cite_note-irj-tampere-tram-31">[28]</a> Tampere is ranked 26th in the list of 446 <a href="/wiki/Hipster_(contemporary_subculture)" title="Hipster (contemporary subculture)">hipster cities</a> in the world<a href="#cite_note-visittampere_hipsters-32">[29]</a> and is often rated as the most popular city in Finland.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2018-03-26-33">[30]</a><a href="#cite_note-eurocities-34">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-is_2021-07-15-35">[32]</a><a href="#cite_note-thetimes-20">[17]</a> The positive development of Tampere and the Tampere metropolitan area has continued into the 21st century, largely due to the fact that Tampere is one of the most attractive cities in Finland.<a href="#cite_note-eurocities-34">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2021-05-04-36">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2021-10-23-37">[34]</a> In 2023, Tampere won the first prize at the Smart City World Congress in <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a>, competing in the category of enabling technologies, while also receiving recognition for the use of technological solutions for the benefit of residents and businesses.<a href="#cite_note-38">[35]</a><a href="#cite_note-39">[36]</a><a href="#cite_note-40">[37]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Names_of_European_cities_in_different_languages_(Q%E2%80%93T)#Tampere" title="Names of European cities in different languages (Q–T)">Names of Tampere in different languages</a></div> Although the name Tampere derives from the <a href="/wiki/Tammerkoski" title="Tammerkoski">Tammerkoski</a> rapids (both the city and the rapids are called Tammerfors in <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>), the origin of the Tammer- part of the name has been the subject of much debate. Linguist <a href="/wiki/Ante_Aikio" title="Ante Aikio">Ánte Aikio</a> accepts the "straightforward" etymology of Rahkonen and Heikkilä in <a href="/wiki/Proto-Samic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Samic language">Proto-Samic</a> <span title="This is a UPA transcription of pronunciation. See Uralic Phonetic Alphabet." class="UPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:'Code2000', 'Segoe UI'; font-family :inherit; text-decoration: none;">*Tëmpël(kōškë), <span title="This is a UPA transcription of pronunciation. See Uralic Phonetic Alphabet." class="UPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:'Code2000', 'Segoe UI'; font-family :inherit; text-decoration: none;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Reconstruction:Proto-Samic/t%C3%ABmp%C3%ABl" class="extiw" title="wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Samic/tëmpël">*tëmpël</a> meaning "deep, slow part of a stream" and <span title="This is a UPA transcription of pronunciation. See Uralic Phonetic Alphabet." class="UPA" style="white-space: nowrap; font-family:'Code2000', 'Segoe UI'; font-family :inherit; text-decoration: none;">*kōškë "rapids" (related to the Finnish koski),<a href="#cite_note-heikkila_2-18">[15]</a><a href="#cite_note-ante-41">[38]</a><a href="#cite_note-heikkila_1-42">[39]</a><a href="#cite_note-rahkonen-43">[40]</a> which has become the most accepted explanation in academia, according to the <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_the_Languages_of_Finland" title="Institute for the Languages of Finland">Institute for the Languages of Finland</a>.<a href="#cite_note-kotus-44">[41]</a> Other theories include that it comes from the Swedish word damber, meaning <a href="/wiki/Milldam" title="Milldam">milldam</a>; another is that it comes from the ancient <a href="/wiki/North_Germanic_languages" title="North Germanic languages">Scandinavian</a> words þambr ("fat-bellied") and þambion ("swollen belly"), possibly referring to the shape of the rapids. Another suggestion links the name to the Swedish word Kvatemberdagar, or more colloquially Tamperdagar, which refers to the <a href="/wiki/Ember_Days" class="mw-redirect" title="Ember Days">Ember Days</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year#Liturgical_calendar_2" title="Liturgical year">Western Christian liturgical calendar</a>. The Finnish word for <a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">oak</a>, tammi, has also been suggested,<a href="#cite_note-utain-45">[42]</a> although Tampere is outside the natural range of the <a href="/wiki/Quercus_robur" title="Quercus robur">European oak</a>.<a href="#cite_note-kasviatlas-46">[43]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Heraldry">Heraldry</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Heraldry">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tleft"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:242px;max-width:242px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">Coat of arms of Tampere</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:116px;max-width:116px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:136px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere.vaakuna.1839-1960.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Tampere.vaakuna.1839-1960.svg/114px-Tampere.vaakuna.1839-1960.svg.png" decoding="async" width="114" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Tampere.vaakuna.1839-1960.svg/171px-Tampere.vaakuna.1839-1960.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Tampere.vaakuna.1839-1960.svg/228px-Tampere.vaakuna.1839-1960.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="594" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">(1839–1960)</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:122px;max-width:122px"><div class="thumbimage" style="height:136px;overflow:hidden"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere.vaakuna.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/120px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/180px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/240px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="569" /></a></div><div class="thumbcaption">(1960-)</div></div></div></div></div> The first <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> of Tampere was designed by Arvid von Cederwald in 1838,<a href="#cite_note-vaakuna-47">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-ylioppilasmatrikkeli_von_cederwald-48">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_vaakuna-49">[46]</a> while the current coat of arms, created in 1960, was designed by Olof Eriksson.<a href="#cite_note-vaakuna-47">[44]</a> Changing the coat of arms was a <a href="/wiki/Controversy" title="Controversy">controversial</a> act, and even after the change there were occasional calls for the old coat of arms to be restored.<a href="#cite_note-valtuustoaloite-50">[47]</a> The new coat of arms was also described in letters to the editor as <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet</a>-style because of its colours.<a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2007-02-08-51">[48]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Blazon" title="Blazon">blazon</a> of the old coat of arms has either not survived or was never made,<a href="#cite_note-willberg-52">[49]</a> but the description of the current coat of arms is explained as follows: "In the red field, a corrugated counter-bar, above which is accompanied by a piled <a href="/wiki/Hammer" title="Hammer">hammer</a>, and below a <a href="/wiki/Caduceus" title="Caduceus">caduceus</a>; all gold". The colours of the coat of arms are the same as in the coat of arms of Pirkanmaa. The hammer, which looks like the first letter of the city's name, T, symbolises Tampere's early <a href="/wiki/Industry_(manufacturing)" class="mw-redirect" title="Industry (manufacturing)">industry</a>,<a href="#cite_note-valtuustoaloite-50">[47]</a> the caduceus its commercial activities,<a href="#cite_note-valtuustoaloite-50">[47]</a> and the wavy counter-bar the Tammerkoski rapids that divide Tampere's industrial and commercial areas.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_kysyttya-53">[50]</a> The city received its first <a href="/wiki/Seal_(emblem)" title="Seal (emblem)">seal</a> in 1803, depicting the city's buildings of the time and Tammerkoski.<a href="#cite_note-iltanen-54">[51]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Early history">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Messukyl%C3%A4_Old_Church.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Messukyl%C3%A4_Old_Church.jpg/220px-Messukyl%C3%A4_Old_Church.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Messukyl%C3%A4_Old_Church.jpg/330px-Messukyl%C3%A4_Old_Church.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Messukyl%C3%A4_Old_Church.jpg/440px-Messukyl%C3%A4_Old_Church.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Messukylä Old Church, built between 1510 and 1530</figcaption></figure> The earliest known permanent settlements around Tammerkoski were established in the 7th century, when settlers from the west of the region began to farm land in <a href="/wiki/Takahuhti" title="Takahuhti">Takahuhti</a>,<a href="#cite_note-lind-55">[52]</a> an area largely inhabited by the <a href="/wiki/Tavastians" title="Tavastians">Tavastian tribes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-pirkankylat-56">[53]</a> The population remained small for many centuries. By the 16th century, the villages of <a href="/wiki/Messukyl%C3%A4" title="Messukylä">Messukylä</a> and Takahuhti had become the largest settlements in the area. Other nearby villages were Laiskola, Pyynikkälä and Hatanpää. At that time there had been a <a href="/wiki/Market_place" class="mw-redirect" title="Market place">market place</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Pispala" title="Pispala">Pispala</a> area for centuries, where the <a href="/wiki/Bourgeoisie" title="Bourgeoisie">bourgeoisie</a> from <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a> in particular traded.<a href="#cite_note-sinisalo-57">[54]</a> In 1638, Governor-General <a href="/wiki/Per_Brahe_the_Younger" title="Per Brahe the Younger">Per Brahe the Younger</a> ordered that two markets be held in Tammerkoski every year, the autumn market on St Peter's Day in August and the winter market on Matias's Day in February. In 1708 the market was moved from the outskirts of Tammerkoski to Harju and from there to Pispala in 1758.<a href="#cite_note-louhivaara-58">[55]</a>: 16  The first industries in the Pirkanmaa region in the 17th century were mainly <a href="/wiki/Watermill" title="Watermill">watermills</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sawmill" title="Sawmill">sawmills</a>, while in the 18th century other industries began to develop, as several small <a href="/wiki/Ironworks" title="Ironworks">ironworks</a>, the Tammerkoski distillery and the Otavala <a href="/wiki/Spinning_wheel" title="Spinning wheel">spinning</a> school were established.<a href="#cite_note-pirkanmaa_teollistuminen-59">[56]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Founding_and_industrialization">Founding and industrialization</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Founding and industrialization">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere_1837.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tampere_1837.jpg/220px-Tampere_1837.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tampere_1837.jpg/330px-Tampere_1837.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Tampere_1837.jpg/440px-Tampere_1837.jpg 2x" data-file-width="664" data-file-height="424" /></a><figcaption>Tampere seen from the Messukylä side of Tammerkoski in the 1837 artwork by Pehr Adolf Kruskopf</figcaption></figure> Before the founding of the city of Tampere, the neighbouring parish of <a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala">Pirkkala</a> (from which the current region of <a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa">Pirkanmaa</a> takes its name) was the most administratively important parish in the area throughout the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>.<a href="#cite_note-rasila-60">[57]</a> This changed in the 18th century when Erik Edner, a Finnish <a href="/wiki/Pastor" title="Pastor">pastor</a>,<a href="#cite_note-ylioppilasmatrikkeli_edner-61">[58]</a> proposed the establishment of a town on the banks of the Tammerkoski Canal in 1771–1772;<a href="#cite_note-uola-62">[59]</a> it was officially founded as a market town<a href="#cite_note-63">[d]</a> in 1775 by <a href="/wiki/Gustav_III" title="Gustav III">Gustav III</a> of Sweden and four years later, on 1 October 1779,<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_history-64">[60]</a> Tampere was granted full <a href="/wiki/Town_privileges" title="Town privileges">town rights</a>. At that time it was a rather small town, founded on the lands of the Tammerkoski manor, while its inhabitants were still mainly farmers. As <a href="/wiki/Agriculture" title="Agriculture">farming</a> was forbidden within the city limits, the inhabitants began to rely on other means of earning a living, mainly <a href="/wiki/Trade" title="Trade">trade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Handicraft" title="Handicraft">crafts</a>.<a href="#cite_note-lind-55">[52]</a> In 1809, when Finland became a <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland" title="Grand Duchy of Finland">Grand Duchy of Finland</a>, Tampere still had less than a thousand inhabitants.<a href="#cite_note-lind-55">[52]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampereen_kaupungintalo.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tampereen_kaupungintalo.JPG/220px-Tampereen_kaupungintalo.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tampereen_kaupungintalo.JPG/330px-Tampereen_kaupungintalo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Tampereen_kaupungintalo.JPG/440px-Tampereen_kaupungintalo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="Renaissance Revival">Renaissance Revival</a> Raatihuone (<a href="/wiki/Tampere_City_Hall" title="Tampere City Hall">City Hall</a>), 1890; the <a href="/wiki/Red_Declaration" title="Red Declaration">Red Declaration</a> was read from its balcony in 1905.<a href="#cite_note-spottinghistory-65">[61]</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampella2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Tampella2.jpg/220px-Tampella2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Tampella2.jpg/330px-Tampella2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Tampella2.jpg/440px-Tampella2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5313" data-file-height="2523" /></a><figcaption>The old <a href="/wiki/Tampella" title="Tampella">Tampella</a> factory in Tampere</figcaption></figure> In the 19th century, Tampere grew into an important market town and <a href="/wiki/Industrial_city" title="Industrial city">industrial centre</a>;<a href="#cite_note-symington-66">[62]</a> the industrialisation of Tampere was greatly influenced by the <a href="/wiki/Finlayson_(company)" title="Finlayson (company)">Finlayson</a> textile factory, founded in 1820 by the Scottish industrialist <a href="/wiki/James_Finlayson_(industrialist)" title="James Finlayson (industrialist)">James Finlayson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-green-16">[13]</a> By 1850, the factory employed around 2000 people, while the city's population had grown to 4000. Other notable industrial establishments that followed Finlayson's success in the 1800s were the <a href="/wiki/Tampella" title="Tampella">Tampella</a> <a href="/wiki/Blast_furnace" title="Blast furnace">blast furnace</a>, <a href="/wiki/Machine_factory" title="Machine factory">machine factory</a> and <a href="/wiki/Flax_mill" title="Flax mill">flax mill</a>, the Frenckell <a href="/wiki/Paper_mill" title="Paper mill">paper mill</a> and the Tampere <a href="/wiki/Broadcloth" title="Broadcloth">broadcloth</a> factory.<a href="#cite_note-lind-55">[52]</a> Tampere's population grew rapidly at the end of the 19th century, from around 7,000 in 1870 to 36,000 in 1900. At the beginning of the 20th century, Tampere was a city of workers and women, with a third of the population being factory workers and more than half women.<a href="#cite_note-lind-55">[52]</a> At the same time, the area of the city increased almost sevenfold and impressive <a href="/wiki/Apartment_block" class="mw-redirect" title="Apartment block">apartment blocks</a> were built in the centre of Tampere between modest wooden houses. The stone houses gave Tampere a modern look. The construction of the <a href="/wiki/Sewerage" title="Sewerage">sewerage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Water_supply" title="Water supply">water supply</a> networks and the introduction of <a href="/wiki/Electric_light" title="Electric light">electric lighting</a> were further steps towards modernisation;<a href="#cite_note-lind-55">[52]</a> Tampere was the first Nordic city to introduce electric lighting for general use in 1882.<a href="#cite_note-innovationcapital-67">[63]</a><a href="#cite_note-tekniikkatalous_2021-12-07-68">[64]</a> The railway connection to Tampere from the extension of the <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>-<a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenlinna" title="Hämeenlinna">Hämeenlinna</a> line (now part of the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Main_Line" title="Finnish Main Line">Main Line</a>) via <a href="/wiki/Toijala" title="Toijala">Toijala</a> was opened to the public on 22 June 1876. <a href="#cite_note-suolahti-69">[65]</a>: 173  The world-famous <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia Corporation">Nokia Corporation</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Multinational_corporation" title="Multinational corporation">multinational</a> <a href="/wiki/Telecommunications" title="Telecommunications">telecommunications</a> company, also had its beginnings in the Tammerkoski area;<a href="#cite_note-hs_2021-06-24-70">[66]</a> the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Nokia" title="History of Nokia">company's history</a> dates back to 1865, when <a href="/wiki/Swedish-speaking_population_of_Finland" title="Swedish-speaking population of Finland">Finnish-Swedish</a> mining engineer <a href="/wiki/Fredrik_Idestam" title="Fredrik Idestam">Fredrik Idestam</a> (1838–1916) established a pulp mill on the banks of the rapids, and a second pulp mill was opened in 1868 near the neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">town of Nokia</a>, where there were better <a href="/wiki/Hydroelectric" class="mw-redirect" title="Hydroelectric">hydroelectric</a> resources.<a href="#cite_note-hs_2021-06-24-70">[66]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geopolitical_significance">Geopolitical significance</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Geopolitical significance">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lenin_at_Tampere.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Lenin_at_Tampere.JPG/220px-Lenin_at_Tampere.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Lenin_at_Tampere.JPG/330px-Lenin_at_Tampere.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Lenin_at_Tampere.JPG/440px-Lenin_at_Tampere.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="897" /></a><figcaption>Painting of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Stalin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Lenin</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_conference_of_1905" title="Tampere conference of 1905">1905 Tampere Conference</a></figcaption></figure> Tampere was the centre of many important political events in the early 20th century, such as the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_conference_of_1905" title="Tampere conference of 1905">1905 conference</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Social_Democratic_Labour_Party" title="Russian Social Democratic Labour Party">Russian Social Democratic Labour Party</a> (RSDLP), led by <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a>, held in the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Workers%27_Hall" title="Tampere Workers' Hall">Tampere Workers' Hall</a> during their flight from Russia, where it was decided, among other things, to launch an armed insurrection that eventually led to the <a href="/wiki/October_Revolution" title="October Revolution">October 1917 revolution</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a>.<a href="#cite_note-green-16">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-palonen-71">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-brackman-72">[68]</a> Also, on 1 November 1905, during the General Strike, the famous <a href="/wiki/Red_Declaration" title="Red Declaration">Red Declaration</a> was proclaimed in <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Central_Square" title="Tampere Central Square">Keskustori</a>.<a href="#cite_note-spottinghistory-65">[61]</a><a href="#cite_note-kaunonen-73">[69]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere_destroyed_in_Civil_War.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Tampere_destroyed_in_Civil_War.jpg/220px-Tampere_destroyed_in_Civil_War.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Tampere_destroyed_in_Civil_War.jpg/330px-Tampere_destroyed_in_Civil_War.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Tampere_destroyed_in_Civil_War.jpg/440px-Tampere_destroyed_in_Civil_War.jpg 2x" data-file-width="564" data-file-height="327" /></a><figcaption>The city after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tampere" title="Battle of Tampere">Battle of Tampere</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Civil_War" title="Finnish Civil War">1918 Civil War</a></figcaption></figure> After Finland gained its full independence, Tampere played an important role in the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Civil_War" title="Finnish Civil War">1918 Civil War</a>, being one of the most strategically important places for the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Socialist_Workers%27_Republic" title="Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic">Finnish Socialist Workers' Republic</a> (FSWR) during the Finnish Civil War (28 January - 15 May 1918); the city was the most important industrial city in Finland at the beginning of the 20th century, with a huge <a href="/wiki/Workforce" title="Workforce">working population</a>.<a href="#cite_note-voionmaa-74">[70]</a>: 13–14  Tampere was a Red stronghold during the war, commanded by Hugo Salmela. White forces led by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Gustaf_Emil_Mannerheim" title="Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim">General Mannerheim</a> captured the city after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tampere" title="Battle of Tampere">Battle of Tampere</a>, taking about 10,000 <a href="/wiki/Red_Guard_(Finland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Guard (Finland)">Red</a> prisoners on 6 April 1918.<a href="#cite_note-tepora-75">[71]</a><a href="#cite_note-norum-76">[72]</a> During the <a href="/wiki/Winter_War" title="Winter War">Winter War</a>, Tampere was bombed several times by the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>.<a href="#cite_note-lammi-77">[73]</a> The reason for the bombing of Tampere was that the city was an important railway junction and was also home to the <a href="/wiki/Valtion_lentokonetehdas" title="Valtion lentokonetehdas">State Aircraft Factory</a> and the Tampella Factory, which produced <a href="/wiki/Ammunition" title="Ammunition">ammunition</a> and weapons, including <a href="/wiki/Grenade_launcher" title="Grenade launcher">grenade launchers</a>. The most devastating bombing took place on 2 March 1940, when nine people were killed and 30 wounded. In addition, ten buildings were destroyed and 30 damaged that day.<a href="#cite_note-juonala-78">[74]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Post-war_period_and_modern_day">Post-war period and modern day</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Post-war period and modern day">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yhteiskunnallinen_korkeakoulu_muuttaa.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Yhteiskunnallinen_korkeakoulu_muuttaa.jpg/220px-Yhteiskunnallinen_korkeakoulu_muuttaa.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Yhteiskunnallinen_korkeakoulu_muuttaa.jpg/330px-Yhteiskunnallinen_korkeakoulu_muuttaa.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Yhteiskunnallinen_korkeakoulu_muuttaa.jpg/440px-Yhteiskunnallinen_korkeakoulu_muuttaa.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3543" data-file-height="2531" /></a><figcaption>The Social University moves to Tampere in 1960.</figcaption></figure> The dominant force in Tampere's municipal politics after the <a href="/wiki/Second_World_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Second World War">Second World War</a> was the Brothers-in-Arms Axis (aseveliakseli), which consisted mainly of the <a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_Party" title="National Coalition Party">National Coalition Party</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Finland" title="Social Democratic Party of Finland">Social Democrats</a>. While the <a href="/wiki/Centre_Party_(Finland)" title="Centre Party (Finland)">Centre Party</a> was the largest political force in the Finnish countryside, it had no practical relevance in Tampere.<a href="#cite_note-ekman-79">[75]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Filming_a_television_program_at_Frenckell%E2%80%99s_studio_in_Tampere,_1.2.1965_(19746637354).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Filming_a_television_program_at_Frenckell%E2%80%99s_studio_in_Tampere%2C_1.2.1965_%2819746637354%29.jpg/220px-Filming_a_television_program_at_Frenckell%E2%80%99s_studio_in_Tampere%2C_1.2.1965_%2819746637354%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Filming_a_television_program_at_Frenckell%E2%80%99s_studio_in_Tampere%2C_1.2.1965_%2819746637354%29.jpg/330px-Filming_a_television_program_at_Frenckell%E2%80%99s_studio_in_Tampere%2C_1.2.1965_%2819746637354%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Filming_a_television_program_at_Frenckell%E2%80%99s_studio_in_Tampere%2C_1.2.1965_%2819746637354%29.jpg/440px-Filming_a_television_program_at_Frenckell%E2%80%99s_studio_in_Tampere%2C_1.2.1965_%2819746637354%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5670" data-file-height="3500" /></a><figcaption>Tamvisio's <a href="/wiki/Camera_operator" title="Camera operator">camera operators</a> film a <a href="/wiki/Television_program" class="mw-redirect" title="Television program">television program</a> at Frenckell's studio on 2 January 1965 in Tampere.</figcaption></figure> After the Second World War, Tampere was enlarged by the incorporation of some neighbouring areas. Messukylä was incorporated in 1947, <a href="/wiki/Lielahti" title="Lielahti">Lielahti</a> in 1950, Aitolahti in 1966 and <a href="/wiki/Teisko" title="Teisko">Teisko</a> in 1972. Already in 1937 the most part of modern western Tampere, including Pispala, was annexed to the city from North Pirkkala (today Nokia). Tampere passed the 100,000 population mark in 1950.<a href="#cite_note-antila-80">[76]</a> Tampere was long known for its textile and metal industries, but these were largely replaced by information technology and telecommunications in the 1990s. The Hermia technology centre in <a href="/wiki/Hervanta" title="Hervanta">Hervanta</a> is home to many companies in these fields.<a href="#cite_note-technopolis-81">[77]</a><a href="#cite_note-tampereen-82">[78]</a> <a href="/wiki/Yleisradio" class="mw-redirect" title="Yleisradio">Yleisradio</a> began broadcasting its second television channel, <a href="/wiki/Yle_TV2" title="Yle TV2">Yle TV2</a>, from <a href="/wiki/Ristim%C3%A4ki" title="Ristimäki">Ristimäki</a>, Tampere, in 1965,<a href="#cite_note-taavitsainen-83">[79]</a><a href="#cite_note-yle_tesvisio-84">[80]</a> making Finland the first of the Nordic countries to receive a second television channel, after Sweden's <a href="/wiki/SVT2" title="SVT2">SVT2</a> began broadcasting four years later. Tampere became a <a href="/wiki/University" title="University">university</a> city when the Social University moved from Helsinki to Tampere in 1960, becoming the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tampere" title="University of Tampere">University of Tampere</a> in 1966.<a href="#cite_note-kaataja-85">[81]</a> In 1979, the <a href="/wiki/Tampere-Pirkkala_airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampere-Pirkkala airport">Tampere-Pirkkala airport</a> was opened 13 km (8.1 mi) from the centre of Tampere on the Pirkkala side of the city.<a href="#cite_note-businesstampere_tampere_pirkkala-86">[82]</a><a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2018-05-17-87">[83]</a> At the turn of the 1990s, Tampere's industry underwent a major structural change, as the production of Tampella and Tampere's textile industry in particular was heavily focused on <a href="/wiki/Bilateral_trade" title="Bilateral trade">bilateral trade</a> with the Soviet Union, but when the Soviet Union <a href="/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Dissolution of the Soviet Union">collapsed in 1991</a>, the companies lost their main customers. As a result of the sudden change and the <a href="/wiki/Early_1990s_depression_in_Finland" title="Early 1990s depression in Finland">depression of the early 1990s</a>, Finlayson and Suomen Trikoo had to scale down their operations drastically. Tampella went <a href="/wiki/Bankrupt" class="mw-redirect" title="Bankrupt">bankrupt</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tekniikkatalous_2019-12-08-21">[18]</a> But although the change left a huge amount of vacant industrial space in the city centre, in the early 2000s it was gradually put to other uses, and today's Tampere cityscape is mainly characterised by strong <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">IT</a> companies, most notably <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a>'s Tampere R&D units.<a href="#cite_note-uusiteknologia-88">[84]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Geography">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pyynikinsaaret.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Pyynikinsaaret.jpg/220px-Pyynikinsaaret.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Pyynikinsaaret.jpg/330px-Pyynikinsaaret.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Pyynikinsaaret.jpg/440px-Pyynikinsaaret.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3200" /></a><figcaption>Islands of <a href="/wiki/Pyynikki" title="Pyynikki">Pyynikki</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Pyh%C3%A4j%C3%A4rvi_(Tampere_region)" title="Pyhäjärvi (Tampere region)">Lake Pyhäjärvi</a></figcaption></figure> Tampere is part of the <a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa">Pirkanmaa</a> region and is surrounded by the municipalities of <a href="/wiki/Kangasala" title="Kangasala">Kangasala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Lempäälä">Lempäälä</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">Nokia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orivesi" title="Orivesi">Orivesi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala">Pirkkala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruovesi" title="Ruovesi">Ruovesi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi" title="Ylöjärvi">Ylöjärvi</a>.<a href="#cite_note-paikkatietoikkuna-89">[85]</a> There are 180 lakes larger than 10,000 m2 (110,000 sq ft) in Tampere, and freshwater bodies cover 24% of the city's total area.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_vesiensuojelu-19">[16]</a> The lakes were formed as separate basins from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Ancylus" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Ancylus">Lake Ancylus</a> about 7500–8000 years ago.<a href="#cite_note-palomaki-90">[86]</a> The northernmost point of Tampere is in the <a href="/wiki/Vankavesi" class="mw-redirect" title="Vankavesi">Vankavesi</a> <a href="/wiki/Fjard" title="Fjard">Fjard</a> of <a href="/wiki/Teisko" title="Teisko">Teisko</a>, the southernmost at the eastern end of <a href="/wiki/Hervantaj%C3%A4rvi" title="Hervantajärvi">Lake Hervanta</a>, the easternmost at the northeast corner of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Paalij%C3%A4rvi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Paalijärvi (page does not exist)">Lake Paalijärvi</a> of Teisko, and the westernmost at the southeast corner of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Haukij%C3%A4rvi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Haukijärvi (page does not exist)">Lake Haukijärvi</a> near the borders of Ylöjärvi and Nokia. The city centre itself is surrounded by three lakes, Näsijärvi, Pyhäjärvi and the much smaller Iidesjärvi. The Tampere region lies in the basin of the Kokemäki River, which flows into the Bothnian Sea through Pori, the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Satakunta" title="Satakunta">Satakunta region</a>.<a href="#cite_note-palomaki-90">[86]</a> Tampere's <a href="/wiki/Bedrock" title="Bedrock">bedrock</a> consists of <a href="/wiki/Schale" title="Schale">mica schist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Migmatite" title="Migmatite">migmatite</a>,<a href="#cite_note-kahkonen-91">[87]</a> and its building stone deposits are diverse: in addition to the traditional granite, there is an abundance of <a href="/wiki/Quartz_diorite" title="Quartz diorite">quartz diorite</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tonalite" title="Tonalite">tonalite</a>, mica schist and <a href="/wiki/Gneiss" title="Gneiss">mica gneiss</a>.<a href="#cite_note-gtk-92">[88]</a> One of Tampere's most striking geographical features is the Pyynikki Ridge (Pyynikinharju), a large <a href="/wiki/Esker" title="Esker">esker</a> formed from <a href="/wiki/Moraine" title="Moraine">moraine</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Weichselian_glaciation" title="Weichselian glaciation">Weichselian glaciation</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_pyynikki-93">[89]</a> It rises 160 m (520 ft) above sea level and is said to be the largest gravel esker in the world.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_pyynikki-93">[89]</a> It is also part of <a href="/wiki/Salpausselk%C3%A4" title="Salpausselkä">Salpausselkä</a>, a 200 km (120 mi) long ridge system left over from the <a href="/wiki/Last_Glacial_Period" title="Last Glacial Period">Ice Age</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_pyynikki-93">[89]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tammerkoski_from_air.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tammerkoski_from_air.jpg/170px-Tammerkoski_from_air.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tammerkoski_from_air.jpg/255px-Tammerkoski_from_air.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Tammerkoski_from_air.jpg/340px-Tammerkoski_from_air.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of the <a href="/wiki/Keskusta,_Tampere" title="Keskusta, Tampere">city center of Tampere</a> (Keskusta) and the <a href="/wiki/Tammerkoski" title="Tammerkoski">Tammerkoski</a> <a href="/wiki/Rapids" title="Rapids">rapids</a> passing through it</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Keskusta,_Tampere" title="Keskusta, Tampere">centre of Tampere</a> (Keskusta) and the districts of <a href="/wiki/Pyynikki" title="Pyynikki">Pyynikki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yl%C3%A4-Pispala" class="mw-redirect" title="Ylä-Pispala">Ylä-Pispala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ala-Pispala" class="mw-redirect" title="Ala-Pispala">Ala-Pispala</a> lie on the isthmus between Lakes Pyhäjärvi and Näsijärvi. The location of the city on the edge of the Tammerkoski <a href="/wiki/Rapids" title="Rapids">Rapids</a> between two long waterways was one of the main reasons for its foundation in the 1770s.<a href="#cite_note-hautamaki-94">[90]</a> The streets of central Tampere form a typical grid pattern. On the western edge of the city centre is a north–south park road, <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenpuisto" title="Hämeenpuisto">Hämeenpuisto</a> ("Häme Park" or "Tavastia Park"), which runs from the shore of Lake Pyhäjärvi near Lake Näsijärvi. The wide <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenkatu" title="Hämeenkatu">Hämeenkatu</a> road runs east–west from <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Central_Station" title="Tampere Central Station">Tampere Central Station</a> to Hämeenpuisto and crosses Tammerkoski along the <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meensilta" title="Hämeensilta">Hämeensilta</a> bridge. Also along Hämeenkatu is the longest street in the city centre, <a href="/wiki/Satakunnankatu" title="Satakunnankatu">Satakunnankatu</a>, which runs from Rautatienkatu to <a href="/wiki/Amuri,_Tampere" title="Amuri, Tampere">Amuri</a> and crosses Tammerkoski via the Satakunnansilta bridge. Tampere's central square is located on the western bank of Tammerkoski, near Hämeensilta. The traffic centre of Tampere is the junction of <a href="/wiki/Itsen%C3%A4isyydenkatu" title="Itsenäisyydenkatu">Itsenäisyydenkatu</a>,<a href="#cite_note-95">[e]</a> <a href="/wiki/Teiskontie" title="Teiskontie">Teiskontie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sammonkatu" title="Sammonkatu">Sammonkatu</a>, Kalevanpuisto park road and the <a href="/wiki/Kaleva_(Tampere)" title="Kaleva (Tampere)">Kaleva</a> and <a href="/wiki/Liisankallio" title="Liisankallio">Liisankallio</a> districts.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_tresijainti-96">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Neighbourhoods_and_other_subdivisions">Neighbourhoods and other subdivisions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Neighbourhoods and other subdivisions">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Tampere" title="Subdivisions of Tampere">Subdivisions of Tampere</a></div> The city of Tampere is divided into <a href="/wiki/Subdivisions_of_Tampere" title="Subdivisions of Tampere">seven statistical areas</a>, each of which includes the many districts and their suburbs. In total, there are 111 statistical areas in Tampere. However, the statistical areas created for Tampere's statistics do not fully correspond to the division of Tampere's districts or to the way residents perceive the districts. For example, the districts of <a href="/wiki/Amuri,_Tampere" title="Amuri, Tampere">Amuri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kytt%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Kyttälä">Kyttälä</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tammela,_Tampere" title="Tammela, Tampere">Tammela</a> are divided into two parts in accordance with the official district division, and Liisankallio and <a href="/wiki/Kalevanrinne" title="Kalevanrinne">Kalevanrinne</a> are often considered to belong to the district of Kaleva.<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Climate">edit</a>]</div> <table class="infobox" style="width: 19.5em; float: ; clear: ; text-align: center; border: solid 1px silver" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th> Tampere </th></tr> <tr><th style="font-size: 90%">Climate chart (<a href="/wiki/Template:Climate_chart/How_to_read_a_climate_chart" title="Template:Climate chart/How to read a climate chart">explanation</a>)</th></tr> <tr><td><table class="infobox" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: ; clear: ; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">F</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">M</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">J</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">A</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">S</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">O</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">N</div></td> <td><div style="width:1.5em;text-align:center;">D</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.82em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">41</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.06em;height:1.26em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.32em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−3</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.56em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−10</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.58em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">29</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:5.88em;height:1.42em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−4</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.38em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−11</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.62em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">31</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.68em;height:1.56em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.24em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">1</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.18em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−7</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.64em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">32</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.74em;height:1.9em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.64em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">8</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.24em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−1</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.82em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">41</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.76em;height:2.32em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.08em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">15</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.26em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">4</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.32em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">66</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.72em;height:2.18em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">20</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.22em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">9</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.5em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">75</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.34em;height:2.1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.44em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">22</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.84em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">12</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.44em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">72</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.08em;height:1.9em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.98em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">20</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.58em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">10</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.16em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">58</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.18em;height:1.62em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.8em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">14</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.68em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">6</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.2em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">60</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.38em;height:1.12em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.5em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">8</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.88em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">2</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.02em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">51</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.4em;height:0.9em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.3em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">2</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.9em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−3</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.84em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">42</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact;color-adjust: exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.48em;height:1.14em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.62em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−2</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.98em; left:-.4em;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:right">−8</div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °C</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Precipitation totals in mm</td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr> <tr><td> <table class="infobox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 100%; margin: 0; float: ; clear: ; text-align: center; border: none; font-size: 90%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><th colspan="12">Imperial conversion</th></tr> <tr><td>J</td><td>F</td><td>M</td><td>A</td><td>M</td><td>J</td><td>J</td><td>A</td><td>S</td><td>O</td><td>N</td><td>D</td></tr> <tr> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.82em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">1.6</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.06em;height:1.26em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.32em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">26</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.56em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">15</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.58em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">1.1</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:5.88em;height:1.42em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">26</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.38em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">13</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.62em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">1.2</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.68em;height:1.56em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.24em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">34</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.18em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">20</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.64em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">1.3</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.74em;height:1.9em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.64em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">47</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.24em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">30</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.82em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">1.6</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.76em;height:2.32em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.08em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">60</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.26em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">39</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.32em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">2.6</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.72em;height:2.18em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">67</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.22em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">47</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.5em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">3</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.34em;height:2.1em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:12.44em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">72</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.84em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">53</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.44em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">2.8</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:10.08em;height:1.9em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:11.98em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">68</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.58em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">51</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.16em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">2.3</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:9.18em;height:1.62em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:10.8em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">57</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.68em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">43</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.2em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">2.4</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:8.38em;height:1.12em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:9.5em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">46</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:6.88em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">35</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:1.02em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">2</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:7.4em;height:0.9em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:8.3em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">35</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:5.9em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">27</div> </div></td> <td><div style="width:1.6em;height:17em;position:relative;padding:0;margin:0"> <div style="height:0em;bottom:2em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #abc;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="background:#ace;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;bottom:2em;left:.2em;width:1.2em;height:0.84em;overflow:hidden"> </div> <div style="color:blue;position:absolute;bottom:.5em;left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">1.7</div> <div style="height:0em;bottom:8em;width:1.6em;position:absolute;left:0;border-bottom:dotted 1px #cba;padding:0;margin:0"> </div> <div style="overflow:hidden;background:#e44;-webkit-print-color-adjust:exact;color-adjust:exact;position:absolute;left:.4em;width:0.8em;bottom:6.48em;height:1.14em;"> </div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:7.62em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">29</div> <div style="color:red;position:absolute;bottom:4.98em; left:0;width:1.6em;height:1.5em;text-align:center">18</div> </div></td> </tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Average max. and min. temperatures in °F</td></tr> <tr><td colspan="12" style="padding: 2px; text-align: left; line-height: 1.5em">█ Precipitation totals in inches</td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> Tampere has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_continental_climate" title="Humid continental climate">humid continental climate</a> Dfb with clearly defined four seasons. The climate of <a href="/wiki/Tampere-Pirkkala_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampere-Pirkkala Airport">Tampere-Pirkkala Airport</a>, which is located away from the city centre, borders on the <a href="/wiki/Subarctic_climate" title="Subarctic climate">subarctic climate</a> zone (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a> Dfc). Winters are cold and the average temperature from December to February is below −3 °C (27 °F) and it can reach to −30 °C (−22 °F) . Summers are cool to warm. The average snow cover lasts 4–5 months from late November to early April. Given the high latitude and inland location, winters are on average quite mild for the latitude, as is the average annual temperature.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Tampere Härmälä (TMP), elevation: 85 m (279 ft), 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1900–present (Härmälä and Tampella) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 (47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDEBE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.2 (48.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6 (60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.3 (75.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.6 (85.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2 (91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.1 (91.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.1 (89.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6 (79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4 (66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3 (55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD5AC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.5 (50.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">33.1 (91.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.5 (27.5) </td> <td style="background: #D9D9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.5 (27.5) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1 (35.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.8 (47.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6 (60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF962D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.7 (67.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5 (72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF8F1F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.7 (69.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9 (58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8 (46.0) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6 (36.7) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.5 (31.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.1 (48.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.2 (22.6) </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.7 (21.7) </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.9 (28.6) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9 (39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD8B1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 (50.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFB973; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.6 (58.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3 (63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6 (60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6 (51.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9 (40.8) </td> <td style="background: #EAEAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.7 (33.3) </td> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.7 (27.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.2 (41.3) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #B9B9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.3 (17.1) </td> <td style="background: #B5B5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.1 (15.6) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.0 (21.2) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.9 (30.4) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1 (39.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 (48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFC994; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.2 (54.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 (51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF0E2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.6 (43.9) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 (35.6) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.5 (29.3) </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.4 (22.3) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.1 (34.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #1F1FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−37.0 (−34.6) </td> <td style="background: #2020FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−36.8 (−34.2) </td> <td style="background: #4646FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−29.6 (−21.3) </td> <td style="background: #7C7CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−19.6 (−3.3) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.3 (18.9) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.8 (27.0) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8 (35.2) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4 (31.3) </td> <td style="background: #C2C2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.7 (19.9) </td> <td style="background: #9696FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.8 (5.4) </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−22.5 (−8.5) </td> <td style="background: #2E2EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−34.2 (−29.6) </td> <td style="background: #1F1FFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−37.0 (−34.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #C1FFC1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">41 (1.6) </td> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30 (1.2) </td> <td style="background: #D3FFD3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29 (1.1) </td> <td style="background: #CDFFCD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32 (1.3) </td> <td style="background: #C9FFC9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36 (1.4) </td> <td style="background: #99FF99; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66 (2.6) </td> <td style="background: #90FF90; color:#000000;" class="notheme">74 (2.9) </td> <td style="background: #9EFF9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">65 (2.6) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55 (2.2) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">57 (2.2) </td> <td style="background: #B0FFB0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51 (2.0) </td> <td style="background: #BAFFBA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">46 (1.8) </td> <td style="background: #B5FFB5; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">582 (22.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average snowfall cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">32.3 (12.7) </td> <td style="background: #000030; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">31.4 (12.4) </td> <td style="background: #000046; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">29.5 (11.6) </td> <td style="background: #2828FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.9 (5.5) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6 (0.6) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 (0.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0 (0) </td> <td style="background: #CDCDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3 (1.3) </td> <td style="background: #3535FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.1 (5.2) </td> <td style="background: #000068; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">27.2 (10.7) </td> <td style="background: #3E3EFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">152.4 (60) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm) </th> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #9292FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8 </td> <td style="background: #A5A5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #A8A8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #8F8FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7F7FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10 </td> <td style="background: #7777FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11 </td> <td style="background: #8C8CFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">109 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000A5; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">90 </td> <td style="background: #0000B1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">87 </td> <td style="background: #0000C4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #0000F6; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">69 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000C4; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">82 </td> <td style="background: #0000B1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">87 </td> <td style="background: #0000A1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">91 </td> <td style="background: #00009E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">92 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">80 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: weatheronline.co.uk<a href="#cite_note-weatheronline-98">[93]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Meteorological_Institute" title="Finnish Meteorological Institute">FMI</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/1991-2020-lampotilatilastot">[1]</a> (precipitation, record highs and lows)<a href="#cite_note-fmi-99">[94]</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for <a href="/wiki/Tampere%E2%80%93Pirkkala_Airport" title="Tampere–Pirkkala Airport">Tampere–Pirkkala Airport</a> (1991-2020 normals, extremes 1979-present) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFE6CE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.0 (46.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFDDBB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.4 (48.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB76F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.9 (58.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2 (75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.3 (84.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0 (91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.5 (90.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.3 (88.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8 (76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3 (64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC387; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.2 (55.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD7AF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.3 (50.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">33.0 (91.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9 (39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9 (39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0 (48.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7 (63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4 (75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8 (80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.2 (82.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6 (79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2 (70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7 (56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 (47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8 (40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">29.2 (84.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #D8D8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.7 (27.1) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.8 (27.0) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 (35.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFE3C7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 (47.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2 (59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.6 (67.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.2 (72.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5 (68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB872; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.7 (58.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEAD5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.5 (45.5) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3 (36.1) </td> <td style="background: #E2E2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.7 (30.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFE1C3; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.8 (47.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #C8C8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.6 (21.9) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.0 (21.2) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.3 (27.9) </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6 (38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 (49.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3 (57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA851; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.1 (62.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5 (59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD6AD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4 (50.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFEFD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.6 (40.3) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.3 (32.5) </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.2 (26.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCF9; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">4.9 (40.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.6 (16.5) </td> <td style="background: #B4B4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.3 (15.3) </td> <td style="background: #C4C4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6.3 (20.7) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0 (30.2) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.9 (39.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFE0C2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 (48.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFCA96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.1 (53.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFD3A8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 (51.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFF1E3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5 (43.7) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.7 (35.1) </td> <td style="background: #DCDCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.9 (28.6) </td> <td style="background: #C7C7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.8 (21.6) </td> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">0.9 (33.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #6B6BFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−22.9 (−9.2) </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−22.5 (−8.5) </td> <td style="background: #8989FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.3 (0.9) </td> <td style="background: #B8B8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.5 (16.7) </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.1 (26.4) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1 (35.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9 (42.6) </td> <td style="background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1 (39.4) </td> <td style="background: #DFDFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.3 (29.7) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.1 (19.2) </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−11.3 (11.7) </td> <td style="background: #8787FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−17.6 (0.3) </td> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−26.0 (−14.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #2525FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−35.8 (−32.4) </td> <td style="background: #3B3BFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−31.8 (−25.2) </td> <td style="background: #4949FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−29.1 (−20.4) </td> <td style="background: #9696FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−14.8 (5.4) </td> <td style="background: #BFBFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.2 (19.0) </td> <td style="background: #D6D6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.0 (26.6) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5 (34.7) </td> <td style="background: #E4E4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.4 (31.3) </td> <td style="background: #C0C0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.0 (19.4) </td> <td style="background: #8E8EFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.4 (2.5) </td> <td style="background: #7070FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−21.9 (−7.4) </td> <td style="background: #3434FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">−33.0 (−27.4) </td> <td style="background: #2525FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−35.8 (−32.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000A1; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">91 </td> <td style="background: #0000AD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">88 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">80 </td> <td style="background: #0000F2; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">70 </td> <td style="background: #0A0AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">64 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000EA; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">72 </td> <td style="background: #0000D7; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">77 </td> <td style="background: #0000C0; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">83 </td> <td style="background: #0000AD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">88 </td> <td style="background: #00009E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">92 </td> <td style="background: #00009E; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">92 </td> <td style="background: #0000CB; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">80 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/ilmastollinen-vertailukausi">https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/ilmastollinen-vertailukausi</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://kilotavu.com/asema-taulukko.php?asema=101118">https://kilotavu.com/asema-taulukko.php?asema=101118</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Temperature_records_of_Tampere">Temperature records of Tampere</h4>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Temperature records of Tampere">edit</a>]</div> Temperature records of Tampere and the near-by <a href="/wiki/Tampere%E2%80%93Pirkkala_Airport" title="Tampere–Pirkkala Airport">Tampere–Pirkkala Airport</a>:<a href="#cite_note-tampere_records-100">[95]</a> Temperature Records of Tampere <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center; background:#FFFFF3"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#ddcdfa; width:20px;" colspan="4">Tampere highest temperatures by month </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:80px; background:#f1e1ff;">Month </th> <th style="width:60px; background:#f1e1ff;">°C </th> <th style="width:140px; background:#f1e1ff;">Date </th> <th style="width:100px; background:#f1e1ff;">Location </th></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>33.2°</td> <td>22 June 2021</td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A4rm%C3%A4l%C3%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Härmälä (page does not exist)">Härmälä</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>33.1°</td> <td>9 July 1914</td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A4rm%C3%A4l%C3%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Härmälä (page does not exist)">Härmälä</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>32.1°</td> <td>10 August 1912</td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A4rm%C3%A4l%C3%A4&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Härmälä (page does not exist)">Härmälä</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Highest temperatures at the <a href="/wiki/Tampere%E2%80%93Pirkkala_Airport" title="Tampere–Pirkkala Airport">Tampere–Pirkkala Airport</a> by month since 1980:<a href="#cite_note-tampere_records-100">[95]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center; background:#FFFFF3"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#ddcdfa; width:20px;" colspan="4"> Pirkkala Airport highest temperatures by month </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:80px; background:#f1e1ff;">Month </th> <th style="width:60px; background:#f1e1ff;">°C </th> <th style="width:100px; background:#f1e1ff;">Year </th></tr> <tr> <td>January</td> <td>8.0°</td> <td>2007 </td></tr> <tr> <td>February</td> <td>9.4°</td> <td>1990 </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>14.9°</td> <td>2007 </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>24.2°</td> <td>1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>29.3°</td> <td>2014 </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>31.7°</td> <td>1999 </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>32.5°</td> <td>2010 </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>31.1°</td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>24.8°</td> <td>1999 </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td>17.5°</td> <td>1984 </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>12.4°</td> <td>2015 </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>10.3°</td> <td>2015 </td></tr></tbody></table> Lowest temperatures in <a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa">Pirkanmaa</a>:<a href="#cite_note-tampere_records-100">[95]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center; background:#FFFFF3"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#ddcdfa; width:20px;" colspan="4">Tampere lowest temperatures by month </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:80px; background:#f1e1ff;">Month </th> <th style="width:60px; background:#f1e1ff;">°C </th> <th style="width:140px; background:#f1e1ff;">Date </th> <th style="width:100px; background:#f1e1ff;">Location </th></tr> <tr> <td>January</td> <td>−38.5°</td> <td>9 January 1987</td> <td align="left"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aitoneva&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aitoneva (page does not exist)">Aitoneva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kihni%C3%B6" title="Kihniö">Kihniö</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>February</td> <td>−40.9°</td> <td>3 February 1966</td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Mouhij%C3%A4rvi" title="Mouhijärvi">Mouhijärvi</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> Lowest temperatures at the <a href="/wiki/Tampere%E2%80%93Pirkkala_Airport" title="Tampere–Pirkkala Airport">Tampere–Pirkkala Airport</a> by month since 1980:<a href="#cite_note-tampere_records-100">[95]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:95%; text-align:center; background:#FFFFF3"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#ddcdfa; width:20px;" colspan="4"> Pirkkala Airport lowest temperatures by month </td></tr> <tr> <th style="width:80px; background:#f1e1ff;">Month </th> <th style="width:60px; background:#f1e1ff;">°C </th> <th style="width:100px; background:#f1e1ff;">Year </th></tr> <tr> <td>January</td> <td>−35.8°</td> <td>1987 </td></tr> <tr> <td>February</td> <td>−31.8°</td> <td>2007 </td></tr> <tr> <td>March</td> <td>−29.1°</td> <td>1981 </td></tr> <tr> <td>April</td> <td>−14.8°</td> <td>1988 </td></tr> <tr> <td>May</td> <td>−7.2°</td> <td>1999 </td></tr> <tr> <td>June</td> <td>−3.0°</td> <td>1984 </td></tr> <tr> <td>July</td> <td>1.5°</td> <td>1987 </td></tr> <tr> <td>August</td> <td>−0.4°</td> <td>1984 </td></tr> <tr> <td>September</td> <td>−7.0°</td> <td>1986 </td></tr> <tr> <td>October</td> <td>−16.4°</td> <td>1992 </td></tr> <tr> <td>November</td> <td>−22.0°</td> <td>1990 </td></tr> <tr> <td>December</td> <td>−33.0°</td> <td>1995 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cityscape">Cityscape</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Cityscape">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Revival_and_nationalism">Revival and nationalism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Revival and nationalism">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:N%C3%A4silinna,_Museo_Milavida.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/N%C3%A4silinna%2C_Museo_Milavida.jpg/220px-N%C3%A4silinna%2C_Museo_Milavida.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/N%C3%A4silinna%2C_Museo_Milavida.jpg/330px-N%C3%A4silinna%2C_Museo_Milavida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/N%C3%A4silinna%2C_Museo_Milavida.jpg/440px-N%C3%A4silinna%2C_Museo_Milavida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4silinna" title="Näsilinna">Näsilinna</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Baroque_Revival_architecture" title="Baroque Revival architecture">Baroque Revival</a> <a href="/wiki/Palace" title="Palace">palace</a></figcaption></figure> Tampere has buildings from many architectural periods. The Old Stone Church of <a href="/wiki/Messukyl%C3%A4" title="Messukylä">Messukylä</a> is the only example of <a href="/wiki/Medieval" class="mw-redirect" title="Medieval">medieval</a> architecture.<a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2020-01-09-101">[96]</a> <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">Neoclassicism</a> from the early 19th century is represented by the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Old_Church" title="Tampere Old Church">Old Church of Tampere</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Belfry_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Belfry (architecture)">bell tower</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival</a> buildings in Tampere that evolved from Neoclassicism are the New Church of Messukylä and the <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Church" title="Alexander Church">Alexander Church</a>, while the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Revival_architecture" title="Renaissance Revival architecture">Renaissance Revival</a> buildings are <a href="/wiki/Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4_Manor" title="Hatanpää Manor">Hatanpää Manor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tampere_City_Hall" title="Tampere City Hall">Tampere City Hall</a>,<a href="#cite_note-spottinghistory-65">[61]</a> Ruuskanen House and <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4silinna" title="Näsilinna">Näsilinna</a>. <a href="/wiki/Romantic_nationalism" title="Romantic nationalism">Romantic nationalism</a> can be seen in the <a href="/wiki/Commerce_house" title="Commerce house">Commerce house</a>, the Tirkkonen House, the Palander House, the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Cathedral" title="Tampere Cathedral">Tampere Cathedral</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Central_Fire_Station" title="Tampere Central Fire Station">Tampere Central Fire Station</a> and the Tampere National Bank building.<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> The use of <a href="/wiki/Red_brick" class="mw-redirect" title="Red brick">red brick</a> as a building material in the industrial buildings along Tammerkoski, such as the <a href="/wiki/Finlayson_(company)" title="Finlayson (company)">Finlayson</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tampella" title="Tampella">Tampella</a> factories, has left a strong imaginary mark on the city.<a href="#cite_note-visittampere_teollinen_perinto-102">[97]</a><a href="#cite_note-aasarchitecture-103">[98]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Functionalism_and_modernism">Functionalism and modernism</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Functionalism and modernism">edit</a>]</div> The Post-<a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a> was largely Nordic,<a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2019-06-07-104">[99]</a> with the Laikku House of Culture, the <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Tammer" title="Hotel Tammer">Hotel Tammer</a>, the Tuulensuu House and the Viinikka Church built in Tampere. After <a href="/wiki/Functionalism_(architecture)" title="Functionalism (architecture)">Functionalism</a> became the dominant style in the 1930s, <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Central_Station" title="Tampere Central Station">Tampere Central Station</a>, Tempo House, a bus station and Kauppi Hospital were built in Tampere. There is no single accepted term for the <a href="/wiki/Post-war" title="Post-war">post-war</a> style, but the main representatives of the reconstruction period are the Bank of Finland building, the Amurinlinna building and the Pyynikki swimming pool. The rationalist buildings of the <a href="/wiki/Modern_architecture" title="Modern architecture">modernist period</a> are represented by the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tampere" title="University of Tampere">University of Tampere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Central_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampere Central Hospital">Tampere Central Hospital</a>, Sampola, the School of Economics, <a href="/wiki/Ratina_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ratina Stadium">Ratina Stadium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kaleva_Church" title="Kaleva Church">Kaleva Church</a>.<a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2019-06-07-104">[99]</a> The modernist buildings include the <a href="/wiki/Metso_Main_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Metso Main Library">Metso Main Library</a>, the Hervanta Operations Centre, the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Hall" title="Tampere Hall">Tampere Hall</a>, the university extension and the <a href="/wiki/Nokia" title="Nokia">Nokia</a> office building in <a href="/wiki/Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Hatanpää">Hatanpää</a>.<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nokia_Arena_November_2021_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Nokia_Arena_November_2021_4.jpg/220px-Nokia_Arena_November_2021_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Nokia_Arena_November_2021_4.jpg/330px-Nokia_Arena_November_2021_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Nokia_Arena_November_2021_4.jpg/440px-Nokia_Arena_November_2021_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5250" data-file-height="3500" /></a><figcaption>The city of Tampere has shown strong growth in recent years.<a href="#cite_note-tamperelainen_2021-12-05-105">[100]</a> The "Tampere Deck" and its <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Deck_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampere Deck Arena">new multi-purpose arena</a> in November 2021.</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Keskusta,_Tampere" title="Keskusta, Tampere">centre of Tampere</a> and its western parts have been developed in a more modern direction since the 2010s,<a href="#cite_note-businesswire_2019-05-15-106">[101]</a> and the city aims to have the centre in its future form by the 2030s.<a href="#cite_note-businesstampere_growth-107">[102]</a> In particular, plans have been drawn up for the area around the central railway station in the form of the "Tampere Deck" project, which includes a <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Deck_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampere Deck Arena">new multi-purpose arena</a> and <a href="/wiki/High-rise_building" class="mw-redirect" title="High-rise building">high-rise buildings</a> in the area.<a href="#cite_note-tamperelainen_2021-12-05-105">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-yle_2021-02-23-108">[103]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Tampere_light_rail" title="Tampere light rail">light rail network</a> has also recently been built in the city centre. <a href="/wiki/Artificial_island" title="Artificial island">Artificial island</a> projects are planned on the shores of the lakes, which would create new <a href="/wiki/Residential_area" title="Residential area">residential areas</a> for several thousand people.<a href="#cite_note-tamperelainen_2021-12-05-105">[100]</a> The projects are estimated to cost several billion euros.<a href="#cite_note-tamperelainen_2021-12-05-105">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-businesstampere_growth-107">[102]</a><a href="#cite_note-yle_2021-02-23-108">[103]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Economy">edit</a>]</div> The Tampere region, <a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa">Pirkanmaa</a>, which includes outlying municipalities, has around 509,000 residents,<a href="#cite_note-eures_pirkanmaa-109">[104]</a> 244,000 employed people,<a href="#cite_note-statistics_finland_establishments_2015-110">[105]</a> and a turnover of 28 billion euros as of 2014<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit">[update]</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_region_2017-111">[106]</a> According to the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere_International_Business_Office&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tampere International Business Office (page does not exist)">Tampere International Business Office</a>, the area is strong in mechanical engineering and automation, information and communication technologies, and health and biotechnology, as well as pulp and paper industry education. Unemployment rate was 9.2% in September 2023.<a href="#cite_note-temtyollisyyskatsaus-112">[107]</a> 70% of the areas jobs are in the service sector. Less than 20% are in the manufacturing sector. 34.5% of employed people live outside the Tampere municipality and commute to Tampere for work. Meanwhile, 15.6% of Tampere's residents work outside Tampere.<a href="#cite_note-ympariston_tila_2014-113">[108]</a> In 2014 the largest employers were <a href="/wiki/Kesko" title="Kesko">Kesko</a>, Pirkanmaan Osuuskauppa, <a href="/wiki/Alma_Media" title="Alma Media">Alma Media</a> and <a href="/wiki/Posti_Group" title="Posti Group">Posti Group</a>.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2015-03-02-114">[109]</a> Tampere is headquarters for <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bronto_Skylift&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bronto Skylift (page does not exist)">Bronto Skylift</a>, an aerial rescue and aerial work platform manufacturer.<a href="#cite_note-brontoskylift-115">[110]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hotelli_Torni_Tampere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Hotelli_Torni_Tampere.jpg/170px-Hotelli_Torni_Tampere.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Hotelli_Torni_Tampere.jpg/255px-Hotelli_Torni_Tampere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Hotelli_Torni_Tampere.jpg/340px-Hotelli_Torni_Tampere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="2464" /></a><figcaption>Tampere's <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Torni_Tampere" title="Hotel Torni Tampere">Hotel Torni</a>, the tallest hotel in Finland<a href="#cite_note-visitfinland-116">[111]</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi_-_Trombi5.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi_-_Trombi5.jpg/220px-S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi_-_Trombi5.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi_-_Trombi5.jpg/330px-S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi_-_Trombi5.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi_-_Trombi5.jpg/440px-S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi_-_Trombi5.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3344" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi" title="Särkänniemi">Särkänniemi</a> amusement park is the most popular tourist destination of Tampere.</figcaption></figure> According to a study carried out by the TAK Research, the total impact of tourism in the Tampere region in 2022 was more than 562 million euros. Tourism also brought 4,805 person-years to the region.<a href="#cite_note-tampereenkauppakamarilehti-117">[112]</a> The biggest single attraction in Tampere is the <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi" title="Särkänniemi">Särkänniemi</a> <a href="/wiki/Amusement_park" title="Amusement park">amusement park</a>, which had about 552 000 visitors in 2023.<a href="#cite_note-sarkanniemi-118">[113]</a> In addition, in 2023, 1,4 millions overnight stays were made in Tampere <a href="/wiki/Hotel" title="Hotel">hotels</a> and 300 000 in other commercial accommodations. The number exceeded the previous record year 2022 by seven percent. Tampere is the second most popular city in Finland after Helsinki in terms of hotel stays. Leisure tourism accounted for 865 000 overnight stays and occupational tourism for 551 000. Income from accommodations was 116,9 million euros in 2023 (up 7,2 million from 2022).<a href="#cite_note-tampereenseudunvetovoima-119">[114]</a> Tampere's financial result in 2023 was EUR 55.3 million.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_tilinpaatos_2015-120">[115]</a> The result was heavily affected by one-off payments .<a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2020-10-14-121">[116]</a> In the city's economy, the largest revenues come from taxes and government contributions. In 2023, the city received 477,8 million euros in municipal <a href="/wiki/Tax_revenue" title="Tax revenue">tax revenue</a>. In addition, 98 million euros came from <a href="/wiki/Corporate_tax" title="Corporate tax">corporate taxes</a> and 105,3 million euros from <a href="/wiki/Property_tax" title="Property tax">property taxes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_talousarvio_2016-122">[117]</a> Increase in municipal tax revenue was 6,9 percent, the highest amount among big cities. Government contributions were 58,3 million. Due to the health and social services reform, the statements of municipal and corporation tax revenue or state contributions are not comparable with previous years.<a href="#cite_note-kauppalehti_2016-05-26-123">[118]</a> Tampere municipal tax rate in 2024 is 7,6%.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Energy">Energy</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Energy">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Lielahti_power_station.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Lielahti_power_station.jpg/220px-Lielahti_power_station.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="168" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Lielahti_power_station.jpg/330px-Lielahti_power_station.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Lielahti_power_station.jpg/440px-Lielahti_power_station.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2831" data-file-height="2160" /></a><figcaption>Lielahti Power Plant</figcaption></figure> In 2013, Tampereen Energiantuotanto, which is part of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampereen_Energia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tampereen Energia (page does not exist)">Tampereen Energia</a> (formerly Tampereen Sähkölaitos Group), generated 1,254 GWh of <a href="/wiki/Electricity" title="Electricity">electricity</a> and 2,184 GWh of <a href="/wiki/District_heating" title="District heating">district heating</a>. The two units of the <a href="/wiki/Naistenlahti" class="mw-redirect" title="Naistenlahti">Naistenlahti</a> <a href="/wiki/Power_station" title="Power station">power station</a> accounted for about 65% of the total electricity production and the <a href="/wiki/Lielahti" title="Lielahti">Lielahti</a> power station for about 30%. The Naistenlahti and Lielahti units accounted for 57% and 23% of district heating production, respectively. The ten heating centres in Tampere accounted for 21%.<a href="#cite_note-ympariston_tila_2014-113">[108]</a>: 44  In 2023, the share of renewable energy in the district heating production was around 80%. The goal was to end the use of <a href="/wiki/Peat" title="Peat">peat</a> completely during that year. <a href="/wiki/Hydropower" title="Hydropower">Hydropower</a>, wood and nuclear power were used as well as mixed waste, of which 50% is considered renewable.<a href="#cite_note-ympariston_tila_2014-113">[108]</a>: 44  Emissions from energy production have decreased in the 21st century due to the growth of renewable forms of production and the modernisation of the Naistenlahti power plant. In 2013, about 669,000 tonnes of <a href="/wiki/Carbon_dioxide" title="Carbon dioxide">carbon dioxide</a> and 297 tonnes of <a href="/wiki/Sulphur_dioxide" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulphur dioxide">sulphur dioxide</a> were emitted.<a href="#cite_note-ympariston_tila_2014-113">[108]</a>: 46–47  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Water_and_waste_management">Water and waste management</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Water and waste management">edit</a>]</div> 75% of Tampere's domestic water is <a href="/wiki/Surface_water" title="Surface water">surface water</a> and 25% <a href="/wiki/Groundwater" title="Groundwater">groundwater</a>. 58% of the water is diverted to economic use and 13% to industrial use. In addition to Tampere, Tampereen Vesi manages water in <a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala">Pirkkala</a>. Almost all surface water comes from <a href="/wiki/Lake_Roine" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Roine">Lake Roine</a>. In addition, Tampereen Vesi has three surface water plants in Lake Näsijärvi and five groundwater intakes.<a href="#cite_note-ympariston_tila_2014-113">[108]</a>: 68–69  Tampereen Vesi is responsible for 96% of wastewater from Tampere, <a href="/wiki/Kangasala" title="Kangasala">Kangasala</a>, Pirkkala and <a href="/wiki/Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi" title="Ylöjärvi">Ylöjärvi</a>. In 2023, a total of 33 million cubic meters of <a href="/wiki/Wastewater" title="Wastewater">wastewater</a> was treated in Tampere. The Viinikanlahti <a href="/wiki/Treatment_plant" class="mw-redirect" title="Treatment plant">treatment plant</a> treats more than 75% of wastewater.<a href="#cite_note-ympariston_tila_2014-113">[108]</a>: 85  The new central treatment plant in Sulkavuori will open in 2025. It is a joint project of Tampere, Kangasala, Pirkkala, Ylöjärvi, Lempäälä and Vesijärvi, with a treatment capacity of 100 000 cubic metres of wastewater per day. Pirkanmaan Jätehuolto handles <a href="/wiki/Waste_management" title="Waste management">waste management</a> in Tampere. It has waste treatment facilities in <a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">Nokia</a>'s Lake Koukkujärvi and Tampere's Lake Tarastenjärvi.<a href="#cite_note-ympariston_tila_2014-113">[108]</a>: 92  <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Demographics">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Population">Population</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Population">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale collapsible collapsed" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Per annum growth rate" class="abbr-header">±% p.a.</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1815</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">793</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1840</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,819</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.38%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1850</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,207</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.83%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1860</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,232</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.02%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1870</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">6,986</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+2.93%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1880</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">13,645</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.92%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1890</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">20,132</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+3.97%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">36,344</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.09%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">45,442</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.26%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1920</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">47,830</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+0.51%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1930</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">50,138</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.47%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1939</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">78,012</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.03%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1972</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">163,609</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.27%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">166,228</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.20%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1990</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">172,560</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+0.37%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2000</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">195,468</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.25%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2010</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">213,217</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+0.87%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2020</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">241,009</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+1.23%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: Tilastollinen päätoimisto,<a href="#cite_note-stv1940-124">[119]</a> <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Finland" title="Statistics Finland">Statistics Finland</a> (1972-2020)<a href="#cite_note-Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons-125">[120]</a></td></tr></tbody></table> The city of Tampere has 260,358 inhabitants, making it the 3rd most populous municipality in Finland and the tenth in the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordics</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Tampere_metropolitan_area" title="Tampere metropolitan area">Tampere region</a>, with 423,406 people, is the second largest after the <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_metropolitan_area" title="Helsinki metropolitan area">Helsinki metropolitan area</a>. Tampere is home to 5% of Finland's population. 10% of the population has a foreign background, which is above the national average. However, it is lower than in the major Finnish cities of <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Espoo" title="Espoo">Espoo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vantaa" title="Vantaa">Vantaa</a> or <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a>.<a href="#cite_note-statistics-finland-population-2023-final-126">[121]</a> The demographic structure of Tampere shows that the city is a very popular place to study, as the number of young adults is significantly higher than in other municipalities in the region. At the end of 2012, the old-age <a href="/wiki/Dependency_ratio" title="Dependency ratio">dependency ratio</a> was 45. 19.2% of the population was over the age of 64 in 2024.<a href="#cite_note-ympariston_tila_2014-113">[108]</a>: 13  Just over half of the population is female, as in the country as a whole. The population is fairly well educated, with two-thirds of those over 15 having completed post-primary education.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_tietoa-127">[122]</a> At the end of 2018, there were a total of 140,039 dwellings in Tampere, of which 127,639 were permanently occupied and 12,400 were not permanently occupied.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_asuntokanta-128">[123]</a> Of these, 74% were <a href="/wiki/Apartment_building" class="mw-redirect" title="Apartment building">apartment buildings</a>, 14% were <a href="/wiki/Detached_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Detached house">detached houses</a>, 10% were <a href="/wiki/Terraced_house" title="Terraced house">terraced houses</a>, and 2% were other residential buildings. Between 2002 and 2020, more than 40,000 new dwellings will be completed in Tampere.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_kaupunkiymparisto-129">[124]</a> Living space has been growing for a long time, although after 2008 growth came to a virtual standstill. The average living space at the end of 2012 was about 36.8 m2 per inhabitant, compared with about 19.2 m2 in 1970 and about 31.8 m2 in 1990. The average dwelling had about 1.8 inhabitants in 2012.<a href="#cite_note-ympariston_tila_2014-113">[108]</a>: 13  For more than ten years, Tampere has been one of the most migratory municipalities, as more than 1,930 new residents moved to Tampere in January–September 2021. <a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">Nokia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kangasala" title="Kangasala">Kangasala</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Lempäälä">Lempäälä</a>, which are among Tampere's neighbouring municipalities, have also been identified as the most migratory municipalities, rising to the list of the 20 most attractive municipalities.<a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2021-05-04-36">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2021-10-23-37">[34]</a> Even during the COVID-19 pandemic, Tampere has become Finland's most attractive area for internal migration, as Tampere gained the most migration gains in 2020.<a href="#cite_note-talouselama_2021-12-29-130">[125]</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1274038083">.mw-parser-output .bar-chart{margin:0.5em;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid #c0c0c0;border-spacing:0px}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart tbody{display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart caption{display:block;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart th,.mw-parser-output .bar-chart td{padding:3px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart tr:not(:first-child):hover{background-color:var(--background-color-base,#ffffff)}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart th[scope="col"]:not(.bar-chart-label-type){width:15em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart th[scope="row"]:not(.bar-chart-total){font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar{height:1.25em;width:40em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{background-color:#cedff2;height:1.25em;margin:0 0 0 0;z-index:0}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-comment{font-size:90%;padding-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-numbers{position:relative;top:-1.4em;height:1.25em;padding:0 0 0 2em;z-index:10;width:40em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-caption{border-top:1px solid #aaa}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-right{float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-center{margin:0.5em auto}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{background-color:#74497e}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{background-color:#74497e}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .bar-chart-bar-line{border:dashed 1pt grey}}</style> <table class="bar-chart"> <caption>Population size 1980–2020<a href="#cite_note-Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons-125">[120]</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" class="bar-chart-label-type">Year </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 47em">Population </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">1980 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 47em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:31.3em;"></div>166,228</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">1985 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 47em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:31.8em;"></div>169,026</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">1990 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 47em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:32.4em;"></div>172,560</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">1995 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 47em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:34.4em;"></div>182,742</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2000 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 47em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:36.7em;"></div>195,468</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2005 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 47em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:38.4em;"></div>204,337</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2010 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 47em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:40.1em;"></div>213,217</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2015 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 47em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:42.3em;"></div>225,118</div> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">2020 </th> <td><div class="bar-chart-bar" style="width: 47em;"><div class="bar-chart-bar-line" style="width:45.3em;"></div>241,009</div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Languages">Languages</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Languages">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1277954990">.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie{display:none;position:relative;width:100px;height:100px;border-radius:50%;background-color:yellowgreen;color:black;border:1px solid black}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie div{position:absolute;transform-origin:left bottom;background-color:#655;color:black;top:0;left:50%;width:50%;height:50%;border-radius:0 500%0 0}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie50{transform-origin:left center;height:100%;border-radius:0 100%100%0/50%}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie12-5{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,100%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie5{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,32.49197%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie7{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,47.056428%0%,0 100%)}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie .pie1{clip-path:polygon(0%0%,6.2914667%0%,0 100%)}@supports(clip-path:circle(50%)){.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie{display:block}}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-container{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:1em;flex-wrap:wrap}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend{list-style-type:none!important;margin:0!important;padding:0!important}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend li{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:.5em}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend li span{display:block;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-legend li .l-color{border:1px solid var(--color-base,black);width:.8em;height:.8em;flex-shrink:0}.mw-parser-output .pie-thumb{display:flex}.mw-parser-output .pie-thumb .smooth-pie-container{padding:.5em;padding-bottom:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .pie-thumb .smooth-pie-caption{margin-bottom:1em;font-size:94%}@media print{.mw-parser-output .smooth-pie-container{break-inside:avoid-page}}</style> <div class="pie-thumb thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="smooth-pie-container" style="width: min-content;flex-direction: column-reverse;"> <div class="smooth-pie-legend-container"><div class="smooth-pie-caption">Population by mother tongue (2023)<a href="#cite_note-statistics-finland-population-2023-final-126">[121]</a></div> <ol class="smooth-pie-legend"> <li>Finnish (89%)</li> <li>Russian (1.4%)</li> <li>Arabic (1%)</li> <li>Farsi (0.9%)</li> <li>English (0.8%)</li> <li>Swedish (0.5%)</li> <li>Estonian (0.4%)</li> <li>Other (5.9%)</li> </ol> </div> <div class="smooth-pie" style="width:200px;height:200px;background:#FEFDFD;color:#000;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;" title="Other (0.10%)" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="pie50" style="background:#002F6C;color:#000" title="Finnish (89%)"></div> <div class="pie50" style="background:#002F6C;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.390turn)" title="Finnish (89%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.890turn); background:#D52B1E;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 8.81921820% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Russian (1.4%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.904turn); background:#165D31;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 6.29146673% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Arabic (1%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.914turn); background:#239F40;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 5.66090212% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Farsi (0.9%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.923turn); background:#FFFFFF;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 5.03078592% 0%, 0 100%)" title="English (0.8%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.931turn); background:#FFCD00;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 3.14262660% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Swedish (0.5%)"></div> <div style="transform: rotate(0.936turn); background:#0072CE;color:#000; clip-path: polygon(0% 0%, 2.51380343% 0%, 0 100%)" title="Estonian (0.4%)"></div> <div class="pie5" style="background:#C5C5C5;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.940turn)" title="Other (5.9%)"></div> <div class="pie5" style="background:#C5C5C5;color:#000; transform: rotate(0.949turn)" title="Other (5.9%)"></div> </div> </div></div></div> Tampere is the largest monolingual municipality in Finland. The majority of the population - 227,007 people or 89.0% - speak <a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a> as their first language. In Tampere, 1333 people, or 0.5% of the population, speak <a href="/wiki/Swedish-speaking_population_of_Finland" title="Swedish-speaking population of Finland">Swedish</a> in 2022. This is the second largest number of Swedish speakers in monolingual Finnish-speaking municipalities after <a href="/wiki/Kaarina" title="Kaarina">Kaarina</a>. Kaarina and Tampere are also the only monolingual Finnish-speaking municipalities with a separate Swedish-speaking community. In 1900, Swedish speakers made up more than six per cent of Tampere's population, and less than two per cent in 1950.<a href="#cite_note-tamperelainen_2018-04-14-131">[126]</a> As <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a> are compulsory school subjects, functional bilingualism or trilingualism acquired through language studies is not uncommon. At least 160 different languages are spoken in Tampere. The most widely spoken foreign languages are <a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a> (1.4%), <a href="/wiki/Arabic" title="Arabic">Arabic</a> (1.0%), <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Farsi</a> (0.9%) and <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a> (0.8%).<a href="#cite_note-statistics-finland-population-2023-final-126">[121]</a> Also Estonian and Chinese have both over 1000 native speakers in Tampere. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Immigration">Immigration</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Immigration">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="float:right;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="3">Population by country of birth (2022)<a href="#cite_note-Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons-125">[120]</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nationality</th> <th>Population</th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></td> <td>226,644</td> <td>91.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></td> <td>2,197</td> <td>0.9 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Flag_of_Iraq.svg/45px-Flag_of_Iraq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></td> <td>1,252</td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /> <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></td> <td>1,182</td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></td> <td>1,181</td> <td>0.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /> <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a></td> <td>1,090</td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td> <td>873</td> <td>0.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /> <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></td> <td>870</td> <td>0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></td> <td>846</td> <td>0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /> <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></td> <td>833</td> <td>0.3 </td></tr> <tr> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /> <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></td> <td>564</td> <td>0.2 </td></tr> </tbody></table> As of 2023<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit">[update]</a>, there were 26,885 people with a migrant background living in Tampere, or 10.4% of the population.<a href="#cite_note-133">[note 1]</a> There were 25,568 residents who were born abroad, or 10% of the population. The number of foreign citizens in Tampere was 17,373.<a href="#cite_note-statistics-finland-population-2023-final-126">[121]</a><a href="#cite_note-Stat-finland-population-2022-134">[128]</a> Most foreign-born citizens came from the former <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>, <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons-125">[120]</a> The relative share of immigrants in the population of Tampere is slightly above the national average.<a href="#cite_note-statistics-finland-population-2023-final-126">[121]</a> Tampere attracts more migration from within Finland than directly from abroad. Nevertheless, the city's new residents are increasingly of foreign origin. This will increase the proportion of foreign residents in the coming years. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Urban_areas">Urban areas</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Urban areas">edit</a>]</div> In 2019, out of the total population of 238,140, 231,648 people lived in <a href="/wiki/Urban_areas_in_Finland" title="Urban areas in Finland">urban areas</a> and 3,132 in sparsely populated areas, while the coordinates of 3,360 people were unknown. This made Tampere's degree of urbanization 98.7%.<a href="#cite_note-statistics_finland_urbanization_2019-135">[129]</a> The urban population in the municipality was divided between three statistical urban areas as follows:<a href="#cite_note-statistics_finland_population_2019-136">[130]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <tbody><tr> <th>#</th> <th>Urban area</th> <th>Population </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Tampere_urban_area" title="Tampere urban area">Tampere urban area</a></td> <td align="right">225,440 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vuores" title="Vuores">Vuores</a></td> <td align="right">5,316 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">3</td> <td><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A4mmenniemi" title="Kämmenniemi">Kämmenniemi</a></td> <td align="right">892 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Religion">edit</a>]</div> In 2023, the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Finland" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland">Evangelical Lutheran Church</a> was the largest religious group with 56.4% of the population of Tampere. Other religious groups accounted for 3.3% of the population. 40.3% of the population had no religious affiliation.<a href="#cite_note-137">[131]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Education">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TUT_Festia.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/TUT_Festia.JPG/220px-TUT_Festia.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/TUT_Festia.JPG/330px-TUT_Festia.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/TUT_Festia.JPG/440px-TUT_Festia.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tampere_University" title="Tampere University">Tampere University</a>, Festia building</figcaption></figure> The <a href="/wiki/Primary_school" title="Primary school">comprehensive education</a> is given mainly in Finnish but the city has special bilingual groups where students study in Finnish and a second language (<a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a> or <a href="/wiki/German_language" title="German language">German</a>).<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_vieraskielinen_perusopetus-138">[132]</a> Furthermore, there is a private Swedish-speaking school in the <a href="/wiki/Kaakinmaa" title="Kaakinmaa">Kaakinmaa</a> district (Swedish <a href="/w/index.php?title=Svenska_samskolan_i_Tammerfors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Svenska samskolan i Tammerfors (page does not exist)">Svenska samskolan i Tammerfors</a>) that covers all levels of education from <a href="/wiki/Preschool" title="Preschool">preschool</a> to <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">high school</a>.<a href="#cite_note-samskolan-139">[133]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampereen_poliisiammattikorkeakoulu_(15016857355).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tampereen_poliisiammattikorkeakoulu_%2815016857355%29.jpg/220px-Tampereen_poliisiammattikorkeakoulu_%2815016857355%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tampereen_poliisiammattikorkeakoulu_%2815016857355%29.jpg/330px-Tampereen_poliisiammattikorkeakoulu_%2815016857355%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Tampereen_poliisiammattikorkeakoulu_%2815016857355%29.jpg/440px-Tampereen_poliisiammattikorkeakoulu_%2815016857355%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4150" data-file-height="2767" /></a><figcaption>The campus building of the <a href="/wiki/Police_University_College_(Finland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Police University College (Finland)">Police University College</a></figcaption></figure> There are three institutions of higher education in the Tampere area totaling 40,000 students: the university and two polytechnic institutions (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: ammattikorkeakoulu). <a href="/wiki/Tampere_University" title="Tampere University">Tampere University</a> (TUNI) has over 20,000 students and is located in two campuses, one in the <a href="/wiki/Kalevanharju" title="Kalevanharju">Kalevanharju</a> district, close to the city centre, and one in <a href="/wiki/Hervanta" title="Hervanta">Hervanta</a>, in the southern part of the city. The institution was formed in 2019 as a result of the merge of <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tampere" title="University of Tampere">University of Tampere</a> (UTA) and <a href="/wiki/Tampere_University_of_Technology" title="Tampere University of Technology">Tampere University of Technology</a> (TUT). TUNI is also the major shareholder of the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Tampere University of Applied Sciences">Tampere University of Applied Sciences</a> (Tampereen ammattikorkeakoulu, TAMK), a polytechnic counting about 10,000 students.<a href="#cite_note-tamk-140">[134]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Police_University_College_(Finland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Police University College (Finland)">Police University College</a>, the polytechnic institution serving all of Finland in its field of specialization, is also located in Tampere.<a href="#cite_note-tuni-141">[135]</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere3-142">[136]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tampere_University_Hospital" title="Tampere University Hospital">Tampere University Hospital</a> (Tampereen yliopistollinen sairaala, TAYS) in the <a href="/wiki/Kauppi_(district)" title="Kauppi (district)">Kauppi district</a>, one of the main hospitals in Finland, is affiliated with Tampere University. It is a teaching hospital with 34 medical specializations. The <a href="/wiki/Nurmi_(district)" title="Nurmi (district)">Nurmi district</a> in the northern part of city also houses the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere_Christian_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tampere Christian School (page does not exist)">Tampere Christian School</a> (Tampereen kristillinen koulu), which operates on a co-<a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> basis and is maintained by the <a href="/wiki/Adventist_Church_of_Finland" title="Adventist Church of Finland">Adventist Church of Finland</a>, offering free basic education based on Christian basic values and outlook on life for all grades of primary school.<a href="#cite_note-takriko-143">[137]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Arts_and_culture">Arts and culture</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Arts and culture">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tammerkoski_(22286032958).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tammerkoski_%2822286032958%29.jpg/220px-Tammerkoski_%2822286032958%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tammerkoski_%2822286032958%29.jpg/330px-Tammerkoski_%2822286032958%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Tammerkoski_%2822286032958%29.jpg/440px-Tammerkoski_%2822286032958%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>The Tammerkoski rapids in Tampere at night in 2015. The Festival of Light has just opened and an old, large factory chimney is lit in red on the right side of the rapids and contrasts with the blue lighting of the trees beneath it. The array of colours is reflected by the water of the rapids.</figcaption></figure> Tampere is known for its active cultural life. Some of the most popular writers in Finland, such as <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4in%C3%B6_Linna" title="Väinö Linna">Väinö Linna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalle_P%C3%A4%C3%A4talo" title="Kalle Päätalo">Kalle Päätalo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hannu_Salama" title="Hannu Salama">Hannu Salama</a>, hail from Tampere. These authors are known particularly as writers depicting the lives of working-class people, thanks to their respective backgrounds as members of the working class. Also from such a background was the poet <a href="/wiki/Lauri_Viita" title="Lauri Viita">Lauri Viita</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pispala" title="Pispala">Pispala</a> district, which was also the original home of the aforementioned Hannu Salama.[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] On 1 October, Tampere celebrates the annual <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Day" title="Tampere Day">Tampere Day</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: Tampereen päivä), which hosts a variety of public events.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_paiva_pahkinankuoressa-144">[138]</a><a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Media">Media</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Media">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aamulehden_talo,_Hallituskatu_14,_Tampere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Aamulehden_talo%2C_Hallituskatu_14%2C_Tampere.jpg/220px-Aamulehden_talo%2C_Hallituskatu_14%2C_Tampere.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Aamulehden_talo%2C_Hallituskatu_14%2C_Tampere.jpg/330px-Aamulehden_talo%2C_Hallituskatu_14%2C_Tampere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Aamulehden_talo%2C_Hallituskatu_14%2C_Tampere.jpg/440px-Aamulehden_talo%2C_Hallituskatu_14%2C_Tampere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3941" data-file-height="2955" /></a><figcaption>An office building of <a href="/wiki/Aamulehti" title="Aamulehti">Aamulehti</a> newspaper in the <a href="/wiki/Nalkala" title="Nalkala">Nalkala district</a></figcaption></figure> Tampere is a strong media city. The television center in <a href="/wiki/Tohloppi" title="Tohloppi">Tohloppi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ristim%C3%A4ki" title="Ristimäki">Ristimäki</a> districts has had a nationwide <a href="/wiki/Yle_TV2" title="Yle TV2">Yle TV2</a> television channel since the 1970s,<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> and Finnish radio, for example, began in Tampere when <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvi_Hauvonen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arvi Hauvonen (page does not exist)">Arvi Hauvonen</a> founded the first broadcasting station in 1923.<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> Yle TV2 has its roots in Tamvisio, which was transferred to <a href="/wiki/Yleisradio" class="mw-redirect" title="Yleisradio">Yleisradio</a> (YLE, Finnish National Broadcasting Company) in 1964. Kakkoskanava ("Channel 2") has been a major influence in Tampere, and several well-known television programs and series have been shot in the city,<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> such as TV comedies <a href="/wiki/Tankki_t%C3%A4yteen" title="Tankki täyteen">Tankki täyteen</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reinikainen_(TV_series)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reinikainen (TV series) (page does not exist)">Reinikainen</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kummeli" title="Kummeli">Kummeli</a>. There's also a play park in central Tampere named after the channel's most famous children's programme, Pikku Kakkonen's Park. Today, Yle operates as a tenant in its old premises, which in 2013 was transformed into a hub for visual media production companies and training institutes called Mediapolis. The <a href="/wiki/Ruutu%2B" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruutu+">Ruutu+</a> streaming service's popular crime drama television series <a href="/wiki/Lakeside_Murders" title="Lakeside Murders">Lakeside Murders</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: Koskinen), based on the Koskinen book series by <a href="/wiki/Seppo_Jokinen" title="Seppo Jokinen">Seppo Jokinen</a>, is also produced and filmed in Tampere.<a href="#cite_note-hs_2020-12-10-145">[139]</a><a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2021-11-26-146">[140]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Film_Festival" title="Tampere Film Festival">Tampere Film Festival</a>, an annual international short film event, is held every March.<a href="#cite_note-visittampere_film_festival-147">[141]</a> Tampere has also served as a filming location for international film productions, most notably the 1993 British comedy film <a href="/wiki/The_Big_Freeze_(film)" title="The Big Freeze (film)">The Big Freeze</a><a href="#cite_note-148">[142]</a> and the 2022 American sci-fi film <a href="/wiki/Dual_(2022_film)" title="Dual (2022 film)">Dual</a>.<a href="#cite_note-149">[143]</a><a href="#cite_note-150">[144]</a> In 2014, <a href="/wiki/Aamulehti" title="Aamulehti">Aamulehti</a>, which was published in Tampere and was founded in 1881,<a href="#cite_note-ainamo-151">[145]</a><a href="#cite_note-almamedia-152">[146]</a> was the third largest newspaper in Finland in terms of circulation, after <a href="/wiki/Helsingin_Sanomat" title="Helsingin Sanomat">Helsingin Sanomat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ilta-Sanomat" title="Ilta-Sanomat">Ilta-Sanomat</a>. The circulation of the magazine was 98 408 (2016).<a href="#cite_note-sanomalehdet-153">[147]</a> In addition, a free city newspaper <a href="/wiki/Tamperelainen" title="Tamperelainen">Tamperelainen</a> (literally translated "Tamperean", meaning person who live in Tampere) will be published in the city.<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> In November 2016, the Tamperelainen was awarded the second best city newspaper in Finland.<a href="#cite_note-heili-154">[148]</a> The city is also known as the home of the popular <a href="/wiki/Hydraulic_Press_Channel" title="Hydraulic Press Channel">Hydraulic Press Channel</a> on YouTube, which originates from a machine shop owned by Lauri Vuohensilta.<a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost_2016-04-19-155">[149]</a> Independent video game developer <a href="/wiki/Colossal_Order" title="Colossal Order">Colossal Order</a>, known for the hit <a href="/wiki/City-building_game" title="City-building game">city-building game</a> <a href="/wiki/Cities:_Skylines" title="Cities: Skylines">Cities: Skylines</a>, is based in Tampere.<a href="#cite_note-156">[150]</a> <a href="/wiki/Cities:_Skylines_II" title="Cities: Skylines II">Cities: Skylines II</a> also features the city's geography as an in-game map for those who pre-ordered the game. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Food">Food</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Food">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mustamakkara2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Mustamakkara2019.jpg/220px-Mustamakkara2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Mustamakkara2019.jpg/330px-Mustamakkara2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Mustamakkara2019.jpg/440px-Mustamakkara2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2354" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Mustamakkara" title="Mustamakkara">Mustamakkara</a> ("black sausage"), a speciality food from Tampere, is typically consumed with lingonberry jam.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chicken_wings_meal_at_Siipiweikot.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Chicken_wings_meal_at_Siipiweikot.jpg/220px-Chicken_wings_meal_at_Siipiweikot.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Chicken_wings_meal_at_Siipiweikot.jpg/330px-Chicken_wings_meal_at_Siipiweikot.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Chicken_wings_meal_at_Siipiweikot.jpg/440px-Chicken_wings_meal_at_Siipiweikot.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Tampere claims to be the "wings capital of Finland", consuming almost half of the <a href="/wiki/Hot_wings" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot wings">hot wings</a> in Finland. The restaurant chain <a href="/wiki/Siipiweikot" title="Siipiweikot">Siipiweikot</a> originates from Tampere. Almost half of the chicken wings sold in Finland are eaten exclusively in Pirkanmaa.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2012-08-10-157">[151]</a></figcaption></figure> A local food speciality is <a href="/wiki/Mustamakkara" title="Mustamakkara">mustamakkara</a>, which resembles the <a href="/wiki/Black_pudding" title="Black pudding">black pudding</a> of northern England and blood sausages around Europe. It is a black sausage made by mixing pork, pig's blood and crushed rye and flour and is stuffed into the intestines of an animal. It is commonly eaten with <a href="/wiki/Lingonberry" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingonberry">lingonberry</a> sauce. Especially <a href="/wiki/Tammelantori" title="Tammelantori">Tammelantori</a> square in the district of <a href="/wiki/Tammela,_Tampere" title="Tammela, Tampere">Tammela</a> is known for its mustamakkara <a href="/wiki/Kiosk" title="Kiosk">kiosks</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Laukontori" title="Laukontori">Laukontori</a> in center.<a href="#cite_note-helsinkitimes_2012_11_08-158">[152]</a> A newer Tampere tradition are munkki, fresh sugary doughnuts that are sold in several cafés around Tampere, but most traditionally in <a href="/wiki/Pyynikki_observation_tower" title="Pyynikki observation tower">Pyynikki observation tower</a>.<a href="#cite_note-visittampere_munkki-159">[153]</a> One of the specialties of Tampere's local <a href="/wiki/Barbecue" title="Barbecue">barbecue</a> dishes include the <a href="/wiki/Peremech" title="Peremech">peremech</a> (pärämäts in Finnish), based on traditional <a href="/wiki/Tatars" title="Tatars">Tatar</a> food. It is a pie reminiscent of <a href="/wiki/Karelian_pasty" title="Karelian pasty">Karelian pasty</a> with seasoned <a href="/wiki/Ground_meat" title="Ground meat">ground meat</a> inside.<a href="#cite_note-linkosuon_kahvilat-160">[154]</a><a href="#cite_note-vuosara-161">[155]</a> In the 1980s, in addition to mustamakkara and barley bread, the old parish dish of Tampere was also called a potato soup, home-made <a href="/wiki/Small_beer" title="Small beer">small beer</a> (kotikalja), a sweetened lingonberry porridge and a <a href="/wiki/Sweetened_potato_casserole" class="mw-redirect" title="Sweetened potato casserole">sweetened potato casserole</a> (Imelletty perunalaatikko).<a href="#cite_note-kolmonen-162">[156]</a> Since 1991, the two-day <a href="/wiki/Fish_market" title="Fish market">fish market</a> event (Tampereen kalamarkkinat) in <a href="/wiki/Laukontori" title="Laukontori">Laukontori</a> attracts as many as 80,000–100,000 visitors in year, and is held both in the spring on <a href="/wiki/Vappu" class="mw-redirect" title="Vappu">vappu</a> and in the autumn on Tampere Day.<a href="#cite_note-kalatalo-163">[157]</a><a href="#cite_note-visittampere_kalamarkkinat-164">[158]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Music">Music</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Music">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Academic_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Tampere Academic Symphony Orchestra">Tampere Academic Symphony Orchestra</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Judas_Priest,_p%C3%A4%C3%A4lava,_Sauna_Open_Air_2011,_Tampere,_11.6.2011_(30).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Judas_Priest%2C_p%C3%A4%C3%A4lava%2C_Sauna_Open_Air_2011%2C_Tampere%2C_11.6.2011_%2830%29.JPG/220px-Judas_Priest%2C_p%C3%A4%C3%A4lava%2C_Sauna_Open_Air_2011%2C_Tampere%2C_11.6.2011_%2830%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Judas_Priest%2C_p%C3%A4%C3%A4lava%2C_Sauna_Open_Air_2011%2C_Tampere%2C_11.6.2011_%2830%29.JPG/330px-Judas_Priest%2C_p%C3%A4%C3%A4lava%2C_Sauna_Open_Air_2011%2C_Tampere%2C_11.6.2011_%2830%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Judas_Priest%2C_p%C3%A4%C3%A4lava%2C_Sauna_Open_Air_2011%2C_Tampere%2C_11.6.2011_%2830%29.JPG/440px-Judas_Priest%2C_p%C3%A4%C3%A4lava%2C_Sauna_Open_Air_2011%2C_Tampere%2C_11.6.2011_%2830%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Judas_Priest" title="Judas Priest">Judas Priest</a> performing as one of the headliners at the 2011 <a href="/wiki/Sauna_Open_Air_Metal_Festival" title="Sauna Open Air Metal Festival">Sauna Open Air Metal Festival</a></figcaption></figure> Tampere is home to the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Philharmonic_Orchestra" title="Tampere Philharmonic Orchestra">Tampere Philharmonic Orchestra</a> (Tampere Filharmonia), which is one of only two full-sized symphony orchestras in Finland; <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Philharmonic_Orchestra" title="Helsinki Philharmonic Orchestra">the other one</a> is located in <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>. The orchestra's home venue is the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Hall" title="Tampere Hall">Tampere Hall</a>,<a href="#cite_note-green-16">[13]</a> and their concerts include classical, popular, and film music. <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Music_Festivals" title="Tampere Music Festivals">Tampere Music Festivals</a> organises three international music events: <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Jazz_Happening" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampere Jazz Happening">The Tampere Jazz Happening</a> each November, and in alternate years <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Vocal_Music_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampere Vocal Music Festival">The Tampere Vocal Music Festival</a> and the Tampere Biennale. Professional education in many fields of classical music, including performing arts, pedagogic arts, and composition, is provided by <a href="/wiki/Tampere_University_of_Applied_Sciences" title="Tampere University of Applied Sciences">Tampere University of Applied Sciences</a> and Tampere <a href="/wiki/Music_school" title="Music school">Conservatoire</a>. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style>Manserock became a general term for rock music from Tampere, which was essentially rock music with Finnish lyrics. Manserock was especially popular during the 1970s and 1980s, and its most popular artists included <a href="/wiki/Juice_Leskinen" title="Juice Leskinen">Juice Leskinen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veltto_Virtanen" title="Veltto Virtanen">Veltto Virtanen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaseva" title="Kaseva">Kaseva</a>, <a href="/wiki/Popeda" title="Popeda">Popeda</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Eppu_Normaali" title="Eppu Normaali">Eppu Normaali</a>. In 1977, <a href="/wiki/Poko_Rekords" title="Poko Rekords">Poko Rekords</a>, the first record company in Tampere, was founded.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2007-05-29-165">[159]</a> In the 2010s, there has been a lot of popular musical activity in Tampere, particularly in the fields of rock and <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy/black metal</a>; one of the most important metal music events in Tampere is the <a href="/wiki/Sauna_Open_Air_Metal_Festival" title="Sauna Open Air Metal Festival">Sauna Open Air Metal Festival</a>.<a href="#cite_note-sauna-open-air-166">[160]</a> Some of the most popular bands based in Tampere include <a href="/wiki/Negative_(Finnish_band)" title="Negative (Finnish band)">Negative</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uniklubi" title="Uniklubi">Uniklubi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lovex" title="Lovex">Lovex</a>. Tampere also has an active electronic music scene. Tampere hosts an annual World of Tango Festival (Maailmantango),<a href="#cite_note-economist_2017-10-11-167">[161]</a> which is one of the most significant tango events in Finland next to the <a href="/wiki/Tangomarkkinat" title="Tangomarkkinat">Tangomarkkinat</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sein%C3%A4joki" title="Seinäjoki">Seinäjoki</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Theatre">Theatre</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Theatre">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampereen_teatteri.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Tampereen_teatteri.jpg/220px-Tampereen_teatteri.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Tampereen_teatteri.jpg/330px-Tampereen_teatteri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Tampereen_teatteri.jpg/440px-Tampereen_teatteri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3472" data-file-height="2288" /></a><figcaption>The Tampere Theatre (Finnish: Tampereen Teatteri)</figcaption></figure> Tampere has a lengthy tradition of theater, with established institutions such as <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Workers%27_Theatre" title="Tampere Workers' Theatre">Tampereen Työväen Teatteri</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Theatre" title="Tampere Theatre">Tampereen Teatteri</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pyynikin_Kes%C3%A4teatteri" class="mw-redirect" title="Pyynikin Kesäteatteri">Pyynikin Kesäteatteri</a>, which is an open-air theatre with the oldest <a href="/wiki/Revolving_auditorium" title="Revolving auditorium">revolving auditorium</a> in Europe. The longest-running directors of the Tampereen Teatteri include Heikki Vihinen and Rauli Lehtonen, and the Tampereen Työväen Teatteri had Kosti Elo, Eino Salmelainen and Esko Roine.<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Theatre_Festival" title="Tampere Theatre Festival">The Tampere Theatre Festival</a> (Tampereen teatterikesä) is an international theatre festival held in the city each August. Tampere also has the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Opera" title="Tampere Opera">Tampere Opera</a>, founded in 1946.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_opera-168">[162]</a> Tampere's other professional theaters are Teatteri Siperia; restaurant theater Teatteripalatsi; Teatteri Telakka, known for its artistic experiments; Ahaa Teatteri, which specializes in children's and young people's plays; <a href="/wiki/Puppet_theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Puppet theater">puppet theater</a> Teatteri Mukamas, and Tanssiteatteri MD, specializes in <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_dance" title="Contemporary dance">contemporary dance</a> performances.<a href="#cite_note-opiskelijantampere_teatterit-169">[163]</a> In addition, there are also three <a href="/wiki/Movie_theater" title="Movie theater">cinemas</a> in Tampere: two <a href="/wiki/Finnkino" title="Finnkino">Finnkino</a>'s theaters, Cine Atlas and <a href="/wiki/Finnkino_Plevna" title="Finnkino Plevna">Plevna</a>,<a href="#cite_note-finnkino_cine_atlas-170">[164]</a><a href="#cite_note-finnkino_plevna-171">[165]</a> and private Arthouse Cinema Niagara,<a href="#cite_note-arthousecinemaniagara-172">[166]</a> which serves as the main venue for the Cinemadrome Festival, which presents <a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">horror</a>, <a href="/wiki/Action_film" title="Action film">action</a>, <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction_film" title="Science fiction film">sci-fi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trash_film" class="mw-redirect" title="Trash film">trash</a>, and other <a href="/wiki/Cult_film" title="Cult film">cult films</a>.<a href="#cite_note-arthousecinemaniagara_cinemadrome-173">[167]</a> Local cinemas also included the historic <a href="/wiki/Imatra_(cinema)" title="Imatra (cinema)">Imatra</a>, formerly located in the <a href="/wiki/Kytt%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Kyttälä">Kyttälä</a> district, which was completely destroyed on a fire in the midst of a 1924 film <a href="/wiki/Wages_of_Virtue" title="Wages of Virtue">Wages of Virtue</a> on 23 October 1927, killing 21 people.<a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_1927-10-24-174">[168]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_activities">Religious activities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Religious activities">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere,_cattedrale,_ext._01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Tampere%2C_cattedrale%2C_ext._01.JPG/220px-Tampere%2C_cattedrale%2C_ext._01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Tampere%2C_cattedrale%2C_ext._01.JPG/330px-Tampere%2C_cattedrale%2C_ext._01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Tampere%2C_cattedrale%2C_ext._01.JPG/440px-Tampere%2C_cattedrale%2C_ext._01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2812" data-file-height="2177" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_of_Tampere" class="mw-redirect" title="Cathedral of Tampere">Cathedral of Tampere</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Jussinkyl%C3%A4" title="Jussinkylä">Jussinkylä district</a>, designed by Finnish architect <a href="/wiki/Lars_Sonck" title="Lars Sonck">Lars Sonck</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tamperechristmas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Tamperechristmas.jpg/220px-Tamperechristmas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Tamperechristmas.jpg/330px-Tamperechristmas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Tamperechristmas.jpg/440px-Tamperechristmas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3846" data-file-height="2504" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Old_Church" title="Tampere Old Church">Old Church</a> (Vanha kirkko) on the edge of the Tampere Central Square</figcaption></figure> As is the case with most of the rest of Finland, most Tampere citizens belong to the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Church_of_Finland" title="Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland">Evangelical Lutheran Church of Finland</a>. One Lutheran church in Tampere is <a href="/wiki/Finlayson_Church" title="Finlayson Church">Finlayson Church</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Finlayson_(district)" title="Finlayson (district)">district by the same name</a>. Tampere also has a variety of other religious services spanning from traditional to <a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Christianity" title="Charismatic Christianity">charismatic</a>. There are also some English speaking services, such as the Tampere English Service, an international community affiliated with the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere_Pentecostal_Church&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tampere Pentecostal Church (page does not exist)">Tampere Pentecostal Church</a> [<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tampereen_helluntaiseurakunta" class="extiw" title="fi:Tampereen helluntaiseurakunta">fi</a>] (Tampereen helluntaiseurakunta).<a href="#cite_note-tamperehelluntai-175">[169]</a><a href="#cite_note-suomenhelluntaikirkko-176">[170]</a> English services of the International Congregation of Christ the King (ICCK) are organized by the <a href="/wiki/Anglican_Church_in_Finland" title="Anglican Church in Finland">Anglican Church in Finland</a> and the Lutheran Parishes of Tampere. The Catholic parish of the Holy Cross<a href="#cite_note-pyha_risti-177">[171]</a> also offers services in Finnish, Polish and English. Other churches may also have English speaking ministries. Tampere is the center of a <a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints">LDS</a> <a href="/wiki/Stake_(Latter_Day_Saints)" title="Stake (Latter Day Saints)">stake</a> (diocese). Other churches in Tampere are the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Baptist_Church" title="Tampere Baptist Church">Baptist Church</a>, the Evangelical Free Church, the <a href="/wiki/Evangelical_Lutheran_Mission_Diocese_of_Finland" title="Evangelical Lutheran Mission Diocese of Finland">Evangelical Lutheran Mission Diocese of Finland</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Orthodox_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Finnish Orthodox Church">Finnish Orthodox Church</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Revival" title="Nokia Revival">Nokia Revival</a>. There was an organized Jewish community until 1981. Though a small number of Jews remain in Tampere, organized communal life ended at that time.<a href="#cite_note-jchelsinki-178">[172]</a> There are three registered Muslim communities in Tampere. The biggest of them being <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere_Islam_Society&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tampere Islam Society (page does not exist)">Tampere Islam Society</a> with over 1500 members.<a href="#cite_note-islam-179">[173]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="City_rivalry_with_Turku">City rivalry with Turku</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: City rivalry with Turku">edit</a>]</div> Tampere ostensibly has a long-standing mutual feud with the city of <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a>,<a href="#cite_note-observing-180">[174]</a> the first capital of Finland, and they tend to compete for the title of being the "second grand city of Finland" after <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2017-06-29-181">[175]</a><a href="#cite_note-hs_2021-01-27-182">[176]</a> This rivalry is largely expressed in jokes in one city about the other; prominent targets are the traditional Tampere food, <a href="/wiki/Mustamakkara" title="Mustamakkara">mustamakkara</a>, the state of the <a href="/wiki/Aura_River_(Finland)" title="Aura River (Finland)">Aura River</a> in Turku, and the regional accents. Tampere is well known as a food destination because of its food culture. Since 1997, students at Tampere have made annual excursions to Turku to jump on the market square, doing their part to undo the <a href="/wiki/Post-glacial_rebound" title="Post-glacial rebound">post-glacial rebound</a> and push the city back into the <a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tut-183">[177]</a><a href="#cite_note-everwas-184">[178]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_sights">Main sights</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Main sights">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:N%C3%A4sinneula_view_18.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/N%C3%A4sinneula_view_18.jpg/220px-N%C3%A4sinneula_view_18.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/N%C3%A4sinneula_view_18.jpg/330px-N%C3%A4sinneula_view_18.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/N%C3%A4sinneula_view_18.jpg/440px-N%C3%A4sinneula_view_18.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4800" data-file-height="3135" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tammerkoski" title="Tammerkoski">Tammerkoski</a> and <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4sij%C3%A4rvi" title="Näsijärvi">Näsijärvi</a> seen from <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4sinneula" title="Näsinneula">Näsinneula</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kaleva_Church_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Kaleva_Church_4.jpg/222px-Kaleva_Church_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="222" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Kaleva_Church_4.jpg/333px-Kaleva_Church_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Kaleva_Church_4.jpg/444px-Kaleva_Church_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5525" data-file-height="3690" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Kaleva_Church" title="Kaleva Church">Kaleva Church</a>, designed by <a href="/wiki/Reima_and_Raili_Pietil%C3%A4" title="Reima and Raili Pietilä">Reima and Raili Pietilä</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Liisankallio" title="Liisankallio">Liisankallio</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere_market_hall_inside.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Tampere_market_hall_inside.jpg/220px-Tampere_market_hall_inside.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Tampere_market_hall_inside.jpg/330px-Tampere_market_hall_inside.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Tampere_market_hall_inside.jpg/440px-Tampere_market_hall_inside.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>Interior of the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Market_Hall" title="Tampere Market Hall">Tampere Market Hall</a></figcaption></figure> One of the main tourist attractions is the <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi" title="Särkänniemi">Särkänniemi</a> <a href="/wiki/Amusement_park" title="Amusement park">amusement park</a>, which includes the landmark <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4sinneula_tower" class="mw-redirect" title="Näsinneula tower">Näsinneula tower</a>, topped by a <a href="/wiki/Revolving_restaurant" title="Revolving restaurant">revolving restaurant</a>. In addition to these, it used to house an aquarium. Other sites of interest are <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Cathedral" title="Tampere Cathedral">Tampere Cathedral</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tampere_City_Hall" title="Tampere City Hall">Tampere City Hall</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Central_Library" title="Tampere Central Library">Tampere Central Library</a> Metso ("<a href="/wiki/Western_capercaillie" title="Western capercaillie">Capercaillie</a>"), <a href="/wiki/Kaleva_Church" title="Kaleva Church">Kaleva Church</a> (both designed by <a href="/wiki/Reima_Pietil%C3%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="Reima Pietilä">Reima Pietilä</a>), <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Hall" title="Tampere Hall">the Tampere Hall</a> (along <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenkatu" title="Hämeenkatu">Hämeenkatu</a>) for conferences and concerts, the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Market_Hall" title="Tampere Market Hall">Tampere Market Hall</a> and historical <a href="/wiki/Pyynikki_observation_tower" title="Pyynikki observation tower">Pyynikki observation tower</a>.<a href="#cite_note-thetimes-20">[17]</a> Tampere has at least seven <a href="/wiki/Hotel" title="Hotel">hotels</a>, the most noteworthy of which are <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Tammer" title="Hotel Tammer">Hotel Tammer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Ilves" title="Hotel Ilves">Hotel Ilves</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hotel_Torni_Tampere" title="Hotel Torni Tampere">Hotel Torni</a>, the tallest hotel building in Finland.<a href="#cite_note-visitfinland-116">[111]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Holiday_Club" title="Holiday Club">Holiday Club Tampere</a> <a href="/wiki/Spa" title="Spa">spa</a> is also located in the <a href="/wiki/Lapinniemi" title="Lapinniemi">Lapinniemi district</a> on the shores of Lake Näsijärvi.<a href="#cite_note-holidayclubresorts-185">[179]</a> There are also many significant <a href="/wiki/Shopping_center" title="Shopping center">shopping centers</a> in the city center of Tampere and its suburbs; the most notable shopping centers are <a href="/wiki/Ratina_(shopping_centre)" title="Ratina (shopping centre)">Ratina</a>, <a href="/wiki/Koskikeskus_(shopping_centre)" title="Koskikeskus (shopping centre)">Koskikeskus</a>, <a href="/wiki/DUO_(Tampere)" class="mw-redirect" title="DUO (Tampere)">DUO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Like_(shopping_mall)" title="Like (shopping mall)">Like</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Tullintori" title="Tullintori">Tullintori</a>. Tampere is also home to one of the last museums in the world dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Lenin" title="Vladimir Lenin">Vladimir Lenin</a>. The museum is housed in the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Workers%27_Hall" title="Tampere Workers' Hall">Tampere Workers' Hall</a> (along <a href="/wiki/Hallituskatu_(Tampere)" title="Hallituskatu (Tampere)">Hallituskatu</a>) where during a subsequent <a href="/wiki/Bolshevik" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolshevik">Bolshevik</a> conference in the city, Lenin met <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a> for the first time.<a href="#cite_note-green-16">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-marxists-186">[180]</a><a href="#cite_note-kotkin-187">[181]</a> Lenin moved to Tampere in August 1905, but eventually fled for <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> in November 1907 when being pursued by the Russian <a href="/wiki/Okhrana" title="Okhrana">Okhrana</a>. Lenin would not return to any part of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Russian Empire</a> until ten years later, when he heard of the start of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Revolution" title="Russian Revolution">Russian Revolution</a> of 1917. However, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere_Lenin-museum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tampere Lenin-museum (page does not exist)">Tampere Lenin-museum</a> will be closed on 3 November 2024 and reopened under the name Nootti (Note) in February 2025. There are many museums and galleries, including: <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Vapriikki_Museum_Centre" title="Vapriikki Museum Centre">Vapriikki Museum Centre</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_vapriikki-188">[182]</a><a href="#cite_note-thetimes-20">[17]</a> which includes the <a href="/wiki/Natural_History_Museum_of_Tampere" title="Natural History Museum of Tampere">Natural History Museum of Tampere</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Hockey_Hall_of_Fame" title="Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame">Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame</a>, <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Museum_of_Games" title="Finnish Museum of Games">Finnish Museum of Games</a>, Post Museum and the Shoe Museum</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4_Manor" title="Hatanpää Manor">Hatanpää Manor</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hatanp%C3%A4%C3%A4_Arboretum" title="Hatanpää Arboretum">Hatanpää Arboretum</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/N%C3%A4silinna_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Näsilinna Palace">Näsilinna Palace</a></li> <li>Tampere Art Museum<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_art_museum-189">[183]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampere_Lenin_Museum" title="Tampere Lenin Museum">Tampere Lenin Museum</a></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Moomin_Museum" title="Moomin Museum">Moomin Museum</a>,<a href="#cite_note-green-16">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-muumimuseo-190">[184]</a><a href="#cite_note-thetimes-20">[17]</a> about <a href="/wiki/Moomins" title="Moomins">Moomins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupriikki_Media_Museum" title="Rupriikki Media Museum">Rupriikki Media Museum</a></li> <li>Spy Museum in Siperia<a href="#cite_note-vakoilumuseo-191">[185]</a></li> <li>Workers' housing museum in <a href="/wiki/Amuri,_Tampere" title="Amuri, Tampere">Amuri</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_amuri_museum-192">[186]</a></li> <li>Finland's largest glass sculpture, owned by the City of Tampere, "<a href="/wiki/Timo_Sarpaneva#Glass" title="Timo Sarpaneva">Pack Ice / The Mirror of the Sea</a>" by the artist <a href="/wiki/Timo_Sarpaneva" title="Timo Sarpaneva">Timo Sarpaneva</a>, was installed in the entrance lobby of the downtown shopping mall <a href="/wiki/KoskiKeskus" class="mw-redirect" title="KoskiKeskus">KoskiKeskus</a> until it was moved to a warehouse.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2012-10-14-193">[187]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pispala">Pispala</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Pispala">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pispala" title="Pispala">Pispala</a></div> Pispala is a ridge located between the two lakes. It is divided into <a href="/wiki/Yl%C3%A4-Pispala" class="mw-redirect" title="Ylä-Pispala">Ylä-Pispala</a> ("Upper Pispala") and <a href="/wiki/Ala-Pispala" class="mw-redirect" title="Ala-Pispala">Ala-Pispala</a> ("Lower Pispala"). It's the highest gravel ridge in the world, raising 80 m (260 ft) above Lake Pyhäjärvi and around 160 m (520 ft) above sea level. It was used to house the majority of industrial labour in the late 19th and early 20th century, when it was part of <a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala">Suur-Pirkkala</a> and its successor <a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">Pohjois-Pirkkala</a>. It was a free area to be built upon by the working-class people working in Tampere factories. It joined Tampere in 1937. Currently it is a residential area undergoing significant redevelopment and together with neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Pyynikki" title="Pyynikki">Pyynikki</a> it forms an important historical area of Tampere.<a href="#cite_note-green-16">[13]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Events">Events</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Events">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Concerts">Concerts</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Concerts">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Ratina_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ratina Stadium">Ratina Stadium</a> of Tampere, in the <a href="/wiki/Ratina_(district)" title="Ratina (district)">district by the same name</a>, has served as the venue for many of the most significant concerts, most notably in connection with the <a href="/wiki/Endless_Forms_Most_Beautiful_World_Tour" title="Endless Forms Most Beautiful World Tour">Endless Forms Most Beautiful World Tour</a> in 2015 by the band <a href="/wiki/Nightwish" title="Nightwish">Nightwish</a>.<a href="#cite_note-metalitalia-194">[188]</a><a href="#cite_note-pallontallaajat-195">[189]</a> Other noteworthy tours from other bands held at Ratina Stadium include <a href="/wiki/Iron_Maiden" title="Iron Maiden">Iron Maiden</a> (<a href="/wiki/Somewhere_Back_in_Time_World_Tour" title="Somewhere Back in Time World Tour">Somewhere Back in Time World Tour</a>, 2008), <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Springsteen" title="Bruce Springsteen">Bruce Springsteen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Working_on_a_Dream_Tour" title="Working on a Dream Tour">Working on a Dream Tour</a>, 2009), <a href="/wiki/AC/DC" title="AC/DC">AC/DC</a> (<a href="/wiki/Black_Ice_World_Tour" title="Black Ice World Tour">Black Ice World Tour</a>, 2010), <a href="/wiki/Red_Hot_Chili_Peppers" title="Red Hot Chili Peppers">Red Hot Chili Peppers</a> (<a href="/wiki/I%27m_with_You_World_Tour" title="I'm with You World Tour">I'm with You World Tour</a>, 2012), <a href="/wiki/Bon_Jovi" title="Bon Jovi">Bon Jovi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Because_We_Can_(concert_tour)" title="Because We Can (concert tour)">Because We Can World Tour</a>, 2013), <a href="/wiki/Robbie_Williams" title="Robbie Williams">Robbie Williams</a> (<a href="/wiki/The_Heavy_Entertainment_Show_Tour" title="The Heavy Entertainment Show Tour">The Heavy Entertainment Show Tour</a>, 2017) and <a href="/wiki/Rammstein" title="Rammstein">Rammstein</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rammstein_Stadium_Tour" title="Rammstein Stadium Tour">Rammstein Stadium Tour</a>, 2019). <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tammerfest&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tammerfest (page does not exist)">Tammerfest</a>, Tampere's urban rock festival, is held every July.<a href="#cite_note-visittampere_kesatapahtumat-196">[190]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Blockfest" title="Blockfest">Blockfest</a>, which also takes place in Tampere during the summer months,<a href="#cite_note-visittampere_kesatapahtumat-196">[190]</a> is the largest <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">hip hop</a> event in the Nordic countries.<a href="#cite_note-visittampere_blockfest_2016-197">[191]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Sport">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ice_hockey">Ice hockey</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Ice hockey">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Nokia_Arenan_avajaiset_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Nokia_Arenan_avajaiset_1.jpg/220px-Nokia_Arenan_avajaiset_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Nokia_Arenan_avajaiset_1.jpg/330px-Nokia_Arenan_avajaiset_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Nokia_Arenan_avajaiset_1.jpg/440px-Nokia_Arenan_avajaiset_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4560" data-file-height="2915" /></a><figcaption>Opening game of <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Arena_(Tampere)" title="Nokia Arena (Tampere)">Nokia Arena</a>: <a href="/wiki/Tappara" title="Tappara">Tappara</a> vs <a href="/wiki/Ilves" title="Ilves">Ilves</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fan_Zone_Tampere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Fan_Zone_Tampere.jpg/220px-Fan_Zone_Tampere.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Fan_Zone_Tampere.jpg/330px-Fan_Zone_Tampere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Fan_Zone_Tampere.jpg/440px-Fan_Zone_Tampere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Official Fan Zone in Tampere during the <a href="/wiki/2022_IIHF_World_Championship" title="2022 IIHF World Championship">2022 IIHF World Championship</a></figcaption></figure> Tampere's sporting scene is mainly driven by <a href="/wiki/Ice_hockey" title="Ice hockey">ice hockey</a>.<a href="#cite_note-iihf_3-198">[192]</a> The first Finnish ice hockey match was played in Tampere, on the ice of <a href="/wiki/Pyh%C3%A4j%C3%A4rvi_(Tampere_region)" title="Pyhäjärvi (Tampere region)">Pyhäjärvi</a>. Tampere is nicknamed the hometown of Finnish ice hockey. Three exceptional ice hockey teams come from Tampere: <a href="/wiki/Tappara" title="Tappara">Tappara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilves" title="Ilves">Ilves</a> and <a href="/wiki/Koovee_(ice_hockey)" title="Koovee (ice hockey)">Koovee</a>. Especially both Tappara and Ilves have had a great impact on Finnish ice hockey culture and are among the most successful teams in Finland;<a href="#cite_note-iihf_3-198">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-hckhockey-199">[193]</a> of these, Ilves was the first Tampere-based hockey team to win the <a href="/wiki/1935%E2%80%9336_SM-sarja_season" title="1935–36 SM-sarja season">1935-1936 Finnish championship</a>.<a href="#cite_note-iihf_3-198">[192]</a> The Finnish ice hockey museum, and the first ice hockey arena to be built in Finland, the <a href="/wiki/Tampereen_j%C3%A4%C3%A4halli" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampereen jäähalli">Hakametsä</a> arena, are both located in Tampere.<a href="#cite_note-tamperelainen_2021-12-05-105">[100]</a><a href="#cite_note-200">[194]</a> Construction of a new main ice hockey arena, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Arena_(Tampere)" title="Nokia Arena (Tampere)">Tampere Deck Arena</a>,<a href="#cite_note-visittampere_deck_arena-201">[195]</a> began in 2018, and was first opened to the public on 3 December 2021, although the official opening date was on 15 December.<a href="#cite_note-srv-202">[196]</a><a href="#cite_note-helsinkitimes_2021-11-24-203">[197]</a><a href="#cite_note-iihf_2-204">[198]</a><a href="#cite_note-helsinkitimes_2021-12-15-205">[199]</a> The name of the new arena was supposed to be UROS LIVE,<a href="#cite_note-yle_2020-03-05-206">[200]</a> but due to the financial difficulties of the sponsor behind it, the name was abandoned.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2021-10-28-207">[201]</a> After that, <a href="/wiki/Nokia_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Nokia Corporation">Nokia Corporation</a> was chosen as the new sponsor on 19 November 2021, and the arena was renamed as Nokia Arena.<a href="#cite_note-globenewswire-208">[202]</a> The arena served as one of the host cities for the <a href="/wiki/1965_World_Ice_Hockey_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="1965 World Ice Hockey Championships">1965 World Ice Hockey Championships</a>,<a href="#cite_note-iihf_3-198">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_hockey-209">[203]</a> the <a href="/wiki/2022_IIHF_World_Championship" title="2022 IIHF World Championship">2022 IIHF World Championship</a> and the <a href="/wiki/2023_IIHF_World_Championship" title="2023 IIHF World Championship">2023 IIHF World Championship</a>.<a href="#cite_note-iihf_3-198">[192]</a><a href="#cite_note-yle_2020-08-26-210">[204]</a><a href="#cite_note-iihf_1-211">[205]</a><a href="#cite_note-212">[206]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Football">Football</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Football">edit</a>]</div> Like ice hockey, <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> is also a popular sport in Tampere. <a href="/wiki/Ilves_(football)" title="Ilves (football)">Ilves</a>, the professional football club of Tampere,<a href="#cite_note-ilvesedustus-213">[207]</a> alone has over 4,000 players in its football teams, while Tampere boasts over 100 (mostly junior) football teams. Tampere hosted some of the <a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1952 Summer Olympics">football preliminaries</a> for the <a href="/wiki/1952_Summer_Olympics" title="1952 Summer Olympics">1952 Summer Olympics</a>. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Basketball">Basketball</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Basketball">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Basketball" title="Basketball">Basketball</a> is another popular sport in Tampere; the city has three basketball teams with big junior activity and one of them, <a href="/wiki/Tampereen_Pyrint%C3%B6_(basketball)" title="Tampereen Pyrintö (basketball)">Tampereen Pyrintö</a>,<a href="#cite_note-fibaeurope-214">[208]</a><a href="#cite_note-eurobasket-215">[209]</a> plays on the highest level (<a href="/wiki/Korisliiga" title="Korisliiga">Korisliiga</a>) both with men's and women's team. Men's team was the Finnish Champion in 2010, 2011, and 2014.<a href="#cite_note-korisliiga-216">[210]</a> Tampere was a co-host of the <a href="/wiki/EuroBasket_1967" title="EuroBasket 1967">EuroBasket 1967</a>, and the Nokia Arena will host the <a href="/wiki/EuroBasket_2025" title="EuroBasket 2025">EuroBasket 2025</a> as one of the host cities. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Batting_sports">Batting sports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Batting sports">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Manse_PP" title="Manse PP">Manse PP</a> is the city's <a href="/wiki/Pes%C3%A4pallo" title="Pesäpallo">pesäpallo</a> team, the only remaining team in the men's <a href="/wiki/Superpesis" title="Superpesis">Superpesis</a> to be based within a major city, and who won the league in 2021, as well as the women's league in 2017. Tampere also has a <a href="/wiki/Baseball" title="Baseball">baseball</a> and <a href="/wiki/Softball" title="Softball">softball</a> club, the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Tigers" title="Tampere Tigers">Tampere Tigers</a>, which plays in the <a href="/wiki/Baseball_Finnish_Championship_Series" title="Baseball Finnish Championship Series">top division of Finnish baseball</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tamperetigers-217">[211]</a><a href="#cite_note-baseball-218">[212]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="American_football">American football</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: American football">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Saints" title="Tampere Saints">Tampere Saints</a> is the <a href="/wiki/American_football" title="American football">American football</a> club in the city, that won division 2 in 2015 and plays in the <a href="/wiki/Vaahteraliiga" title="Vaahteraliiga">Maple League</a> (division 1) in summer 2017.<a href="#cite_note-tamperesaints-219">[213]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Speedway">Speedway</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Speedway">edit</a>]</div> <a href="/wiki/Motorcycle_speedway" title="Motorcycle speedway">Motorcycle speedway</a> has been held in Tampere at several venues. The <a href="/wiki/Etel%C3%A4puisto" class="mw-redirect" title="Eteläpuisto">Eteläpuisto</a> beach embankment hosted speedway from 1953 to 1988<a href="#cite_note-220">[214]</a> and was an important venue for competitions, hosting the Nordic Final as part of the qualifying for the <a href="/wiki/Speedway_World_Championship" title="Speedway World Championship">Speedway World Championship</a> and the Scandinavian round of the <a href="/wiki/Speedway_World_Team_Cup" title="Speedway World Team Cup">Speedway World Team Cup</a>.<a href="#cite_note-221">[215]</a><a href="#cite_note-222">[216]</a> In addition, it hosted the final of the <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Individual_Speedway_Championship" title="Finnish Individual Speedway Championship">Finnish Individual Speedway Championship</a>.<a href="#cite_note-223">[217]</a> When it closed the speedway moved to the Kaanaa track, out of the city to the village of Velaatta by <a href="/wiki/Teisko_Airfield" title="Teisko Airfield">Teisko Airfield</a>. More recently the Ratina Stadium held various speedway meetings from 1995 to 2015, including the <a href="/wiki/Speedway_Grand_Prix_of_Finland" title="Speedway Grand Prix of Finland">Speedway Grand Prix of Finland</a> in 2014 and 2015. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gymnastics">Gymnastics</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Gymnastics">edit</a>]</div> Tampere has long tradition in various fields of gymnastics. Finnish Gymnastics Federation office is located in Kauppi Sports Centre. Local clubs include Tampereen Voimistelijat, Elixiria Sport, Rantaperkiön Isku, TTNV. Ikuri Gymnatics centre is the main training location. Large competitions are organized in Tampere Fair Centre. Gymnaestrada Finland was held in Tampere in 2022. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sports">Other sports</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Other sports">edit</a>]</div> In addition to all of the above, <a href="/wiki/Volleyball" title="Volleyball">volleyball</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wrestling" title="Wrestling">wrestling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</a> are also among Tampere's best-known sports.<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> The city also hosted two <a href="/wiki/ICF_Canoe_Sprint_World_Championships" title="ICF Canoe Sprint World Championships">canoe sprint world championships</a>, in 1973 and 1983. In 1977, Tampere hosted the <a href="/wiki/World_Rowing_Junior_Championships" class="mw-redirect" title="World Rowing Junior Championships">World Rowing Junior Championships</a> and in 1995 the Senior <a href="/wiki/World_Rowing_Championships" title="World Rowing Championships">World Rowing Championships</a>. Recently, Tampere was the host of the 10th <a href="/wiki/European_Youth_Olympic_Festival" title="European Youth Olympic Festival">European Youth Olympic Festival</a> on 17–25 July 2009<a href="#cite_note-224">[218]</a> and the 2010 World Ringette Championships on 1–6 November at Hakametsä arena.<a href="#cite_note-225">[219]</a> Tampere hosted the 2023 <a href="/wiki/European_Masters_Games" title="European Masters Games">European Masters Games</a> from 26 June to 9 July.<a href="#cite_note-226">[220]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Transport">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Tampere" title="Transport in Tampere">Transport in Tampere</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Keskustori_bus_terminals1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Keskustori_bus_terminals1.jpg/220px-Keskustori_bus_terminals1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Keskustori_bus_terminals1.jpg/330px-Keskustori_bus_terminals1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Keskustori_bus_terminals1.jpg/440px-Keskustori_bus_terminals1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>Bus terminals at the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Central_Square" title="Tampere Central Square">Tampere Central Square</a> (<a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a>: Keskustori)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere-Pirkkala_Airport_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Tampere-Pirkkala_Airport_1.jpg/220px-Tampere-Pirkkala_Airport_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Tampere-Pirkkala_Airport_1.jpg/330px-Tampere-Pirkkala_Airport_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Tampere-Pirkkala_Airport_1.jpg/440px-Tampere-Pirkkala_Airport_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3500" data-file-height="2345" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tampere%E2%80%93Pirkkala_Airport" title="Tampere–Pirkkala Airport">Tampere–Pirkkala Airport</a>. This photo was taken during COVID-19 pandemic, when the airport was nearly empty.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere_tram_in_front_of_Stockmann.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Tampere_tram_in_front_of_Stockmann.jpg/220px-Tampere_tram_in_front_of_Stockmann.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Tampere_tram_in_front_of_Stockmann.jpg/330px-Tampere_tram_in_front_of_Stockmann.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ef/Tampere_tram_in_front_of_Stockmann.jpg/440px-Tampere_tram_in_front_of_Stockmann.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">Tram</a> in <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenkatu" title="Hämeenkatu">Hämeenkatu</a>, Tampere</figcaption></figure> Tampere is an important railroad hub in Finland and there are direct railroad connections to, for example, <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Turku" title="Port of Turku">Port of Turku</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4" title="Jyväskylä">Jyväskylä</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pori" title="Pori">Pori</a>. Every day about 150 trains with an annual total of 8 million passengers arrive and depart in the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Central_Station" title="Tampere Central Station">Tampere Central Railway Station</a>, which is located in the city center.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_asemakeskus-227">[221]</a> There are also frequent bus connections to destinations around Finland. To the south of Tampere, there is the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Ring_Road" title="Tampere Ring Road">Tampere Ring Road</a>, which is important for car traffic and which is part of <a href="/wiki/Highways_in_Finland" title="Highways in Finland">Finnish highways</a> number <a href="/wiki/Finnish_national_road_3" title="Finnish national road 3">3</a> (on the west side) and number <a href="/wiki/Finnish_national_road_9" title="Finnish national road 9">9</a> (on the east side). The main stretch of the ring road sees over 50,000 vehicles per day,<a href="#cite_note-newsnowfinland_2018-03-19-228">[222]</a> and, according to the <a href="/wiki/ELY_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="ELY Centre">ELY Centre</a> of Pirkanmaa, the western part of the ring road is the busiest road in Finland, if highway and ring road connections in the <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_metropolitan_area" title="Helsinki metropolitan area">Helsinki metropolitan area</a> are excluded.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2021-08-25-229">[223]</a> There are also plans for another ring road project that would run from Pirkkala to Tampere's <a href="/wiki/Hervanta" title="Hervanta">Hervanta</a> and possibly in the future to Kangasala.<a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2018-01-10-230">[224]</a> <a href="/wiki/Teiskontie" title="Teiskontie">Teiskontie</a>, which runs east of the city center, is part of <a href="/wiki/Finnish_national_road_12" title="Finnish national road 12">Highway 12</a> in the direction of <a href="/wiki/Lahti" title="Lahti">Lahti</a>. This highway also runs through the center of Tampere under the name <a href="/wiki/Paasikiven%E2%80%93Kekkosentie" title="Paasikiven–Kekkosentie">Paasikiven–Kekkosentie</a>,<a href="#cite_note-louhivaara-58">[55]</a>: 75, 77  below the downtown as the <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Tunnel" title="Tampere Tunnel">Tampere Tunnel</a>, which is the longest <a href="/wiki/Road_tunnel" class="mw-redirect" title="Road tunnel">road tunnel</a> built in Finland for car traffic.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2016-11-15-231">[225]</a> Tampere is served by <a href="/wiki/Tampere%E2%80%93Pirkkala_Airport" title="Tampere–Pirkkala Airport">Tampere–Pirkkala Airport</a>, located in neighboring municipality <a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala">Pirkkala</a> some 13 km (8 mi) southwest of the city, and it replaced the former Härmälä Airport, which was closed in 1979.<a href="#cite_note-aamulehti_2018-05-17-87">[83]</a> The current airport is connected to the city centre of Tampere by bus route 103, and to that of Pirkkala by bus route 39.<a href="#cite_note-finavia_2021-232">[226]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Train_from_Helsinki_to_Kolari_stopping_at_Tampere.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Train_from_Helsinki_to_Kolari_stopping_at_Tampere.jpg/220px-Train_from_Helsinki_to_Kolari_stopping_at_Tampere.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Train_from_Helsinki_to_Kolari_stopping_at_Tampere.jpg/330px-Train_from_Helsinki_to_Kolari_stopping_at_Tampere.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Train_from_Helsinki_to_Kolari_stopping_at_Tampere.jpg/440px-Train_from_Helsinki_to_Kolari_stopping_at_Tampere.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Train from <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> to <a href="/wiki/Kolari" title="Kolari">Kolari</a> stopping at Tampere</figcaption></figure> The public transport network in Tampere currently consists of a bus network and two lines of <a href="/wiki/Tampere_light_rail" title="Tampere light rail">city's light rail</a>, operating from 9 August 2021.<a href="#cite_note-urban-transport-magazine-233">[227]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Bus_Station" title="Tampere Bus Station">Tampere Bus Station</a>, designed by Jaakko Laaksovirta and <a href="/wiki/Bertel_Str%C3%B6mmer" title="Bertel Strömmer">Bertel Strömmer</a>, representing <a href="/wiki/Functionalism_(architecture)" title="Functionalism (architecture)">functionalist architecture</a>, was completed in 1938,<a href="#cite_note-sk_1938-12-17-234">[228]</a><a href="#cite_note-sapyska-235">[229]</a>: 203–204  being the largest bus station in the <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic countries</a> at the time,<a href="#cite_note-uta-236">[230]</a> and between 1948 and 1976, the city also had an extensive <a href="/wiki/Trolleybus" title="Trolleybus">trolleybus</a> network, which was also the largest trolleybus system in Finland.<a href="#cite_note-alameri-237">[231]</a> As of 2017, <a href="/wiki/Commuter_rail" title="Commuter rail">commuter rail</a> service on the railroad lines connecting Tampere to the neighbouring towns of <a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">Nokia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Lempäälä">Lempäälä</a> is being established.<a href="#cite_note-tase-238">[232]</a> In 2015, the Port of Tampere,<a href="#cite_note-unece-239">[233]</a> the charter port area carrying passengers on the shores of <a href="/wiki/Lake_N%C3%A4sij%C3%A4rvi" class="mw-redirect" title="Lake Näsijärvi">Lake Näsijärvi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pyh%C3%A4j%C3%A4rvi_(Tampere_region)" title="Pyhäjärvi (Tampere region)">Lake Pyhäjärvi</a>,<a href="#cite_note-hopealinjat-240">[234]</a> was the busiest <a href="/wiki/Inland_waterway" class="mw-redirect" title="Inland waterway">inland waterway</a> in Finland in terms of the number of passengers (71,750).<a href="#cite_note-liikennevirasto-241">[235]</a> A partial explanation for the high number of passengers can be found in the summer traffic to the <a href="/wiki/Viikinsaari" title="Viikinsaari">Viikinsaari</a> island in Lake Pyhäjärvi, where people travel for an excursion or various cultural events such as watching a summer theater.<a href="#cite_note-tamperelainen_2014-04-09-242">[236]</a> Domestic passenger and connecting vessel traffic was only busier in the Finnish sea area in the <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Helsinki Metropolitan Area">Helsinki Metropolitan Area</a>, between mainland Finland and <a href="/wiki/%C3%85land" title="Åland">Åland</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Archipelago_Sea" title="Archipelago Sea">Archipelago Sea</a>.<a href="#cite_note-liikennevirasto-241">[235]</a> In the 2010s, Tampere has made efforts to invest in the smooth running of <a href="/wiki/Utility_cycling" title="Utility cycling">cycling</a> and <a href="/wiki/Walkability" title="Walkability">walkability</a>.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_kevytliikenne-243">[237]</a> Thanks to it, the city was awarded the title of "Cycling Municipality of the Year" in 2013.<a href="#cite_note-yle_2013-03-08-244">[238]</a> According to a survey conducted in 2015, the attractiveness of both cycling and walking had increased during 2014 and 2015.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_tyytyvaisyyskysely-245">[239]</a> In any case, during the 21st century, the growth of bicycle traffic has been clearly faster than the growth of the city's population, and the number of cycles has increased by an average of about 2% per year.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_liikenteen_kehitys-246">[240]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Distances_to_other_cities">Distances to other cities</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: Distances to other cities">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a> – 180 km (110 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenlinna" title="Hämeenlinna">Hämeenlinna</a> – 79 km (49 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joensuu" title="Joensuu">Joensuu</a> – 396 km (246 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4" title="Jyväskylä">Jyväskylä</a> – 150 km (93 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuopio" title="Kuopio">Kuopio</a> – 297 km (185 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahti" title="Lahti">Lahti</a> – 130 km (81 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lappeenranta" title="Lappeenranta">Lappeenranta</a> – 276 km (171 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a> – 490 km (300 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pori" title="Pori">Pori</a> – 110 km (68 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sein%C3%A4joki" title="Seinäjoki">Seinäjoki</a> – 177 km (110 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a> – 163 km (101 mi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaasa" title="Vaasa">Vaasa</a> – 240 km (150 mi)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Government">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tampere_city_central_government_office_building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tampere_city_central_government_office_building.jpg/220px-Tampere_city_central_government_office_building.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tampere_city_central_government_office_building.jpg/330px-Tampere_city_central_government_office_building.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Tampere_city_central_government_office_building.jpg/440px-Tampere_city_central_government_office_building.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Tampere_City_Central_Office_Building" title="Tampere City Central Office Building">Tampere City Central Office</a> (Tampereen keskusvirastotalo), an administrative building of the <a href="/wiki/City_Council_of_Tampere" title="City Council of Tampere">City Council of Tampere</a> along the <a href="/wiki/Aleksis_Kiven_katu_(Tampere)" title="Aleksis Kiven katu (Tampere)">Aleksis Kiven katu</a> street</figcaption></figure> In 2007, Tampere switched to a new model of government. Since then, a mayor and four deputy mayors have been chosen for a period of four years by the <a href="/wiki/City_Council_of_Tampere" title="City Council of Tampere">city council</a>. The mayor also becomes the seat of the city council for the duration of the tenure. Tampere was the first Finnish municipality to be elected mayor.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_pormestari-247">[241]</a> However, the mayor does not have an official relationship with the municipality; the mayor serves as chairman of the city board and directs the municipality's activities, and the mayor's duties are defined in the city government's bylaws.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_pormestari-247">[241]</a> Because the mayor and deputy mayors are trustees, they can be removed by the council if they lose the majority trust.<a href="#cite_note-niemela-97">[92]</a> For the first two years, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Timo_P._Nieminen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timo P. Nieminen (page does not exist)">Timo P. Nieminen</a>, representing the <a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_Party" title="National Coalition Party">National Coalition Party</a> from 2007 to 2012, served as mayor. In 2013, <a href="/wiki/Anna-Kaisa_Ikonen" title="Anna-Kaisa Ikonen">Anna-Kaisa Ikonen</a> of the same party was elected mayor.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_pormestari-247">[241]</a> As of 1 June 2017, the number of deputy mayors decreased from four to three.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_johtamisjarjestelma-248">[242]</a> <a href="/wiki/Lauri_Lyly" title="Lauri Lyly">Lauri Lyly</a> (<a href="/wiki/SDP_(Finland)" class="mw-redirect" title="SDP (Finland)">SDP</a>) was elected Mayor of the City of Tampere for the period 2017–2021 at the City Council meeting on 12 June 2017.<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_pormestari-247">[241]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mayors_over_time">Mayors over time</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: Mayors over time">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kaarle_Nordlund&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kaarle Nordlund (page does not exist)">Kaarle Nordlund</a> 1929–1943</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sulo_Typp%C3%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sulo Typpö (page does not exist)">Sulo Typpö</a> 1943–1957</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Erkki_Lindfors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Erkki Lindfors (page does not exist)">Erkki Lindfors</a> 1957–1969</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekka_Paavola" title="Pekka Paavola">Pekka Paavola</a> 1969–1985</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jarmo_Rantanen" title="Jarmo Rantanen">Jarmo Rantanen</a> 1985–2007</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Timo_P._Nieminen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Timo P. Nieminen (page does not exist)">Timo P. Nieminen</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_Party" title="National Coalition Party">kok.</a>) 2007–2012</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna-Kaisa_Ikonen" title="Anna-Kaisa Ikonen">Anna-Kaisa Ikonen</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_Party" title="National Coalition Party">kok.</a>) 2013–2017</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauri_Lyly" title="Lauri Lyly">Lauri Lyly</a> (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Finland" title="Social Democratic Party of Finland">sd.</a>) 2017–2021</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna-Kaisa_Ikonen" title="Anna-Kaisa Ikonen">Anna-Kaisa Ikonen</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_Party" title="National Coalition Party">kok.</a>) 2021–2023</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalervo_Kummola" title="Kalervo Kummola">Kalervo Kummola</a> (<a href="/wiki/National_Coalition_Party" title="National Coalition Party">kok.</a>) 2023–present</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=49" title="Edit section: Notable people">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a>. Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Tampere" title="Special:EditPage/Tampere">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Find sources: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Tampere%22">"Tampere"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Tampere%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Tampere%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Tampere%22+-wikipedia">books</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Tampere%22">scholar</a> · <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Tampere%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a> (September 2023) (<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a>)</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Born_before_1900">Born before 1900</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=50" title="Edit section: Born before 1900">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Finlayson_(1771-1852).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/James_Finlayson_%281771-1852%29.jpg/170px-James_Finlayson_%281771-1852%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="219" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/James_Finlayson_%281771-1852%29.jpg/255px-James_Finlayson_%281771-1852%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/James_Finlayson_%281771-1852%29.jpg/340px-James_Finlayson_%281771-1852%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="635" data-file-height="817" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_Finlayson_(industrialist)" title="James Finlayson (industrialist)">James Finlayson</a>, Scottish Quaker and industrialist best known for founding the <a href="/wiki/Finlayson_(company)" title="Finlayson (company)">Finlayson</a> company</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Juho_Kusti_Paasikivi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Juho_Kusti_Paasikivi.jpg/170px-Juho_Kusti_Paasikivi.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Juho_Kusti_Paasikivi.jpg/255px-Juho_Kusti_Paasikivi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Juho_Kusti_Paasikivi.jpg/340px-Juho_Kusti_Paasikivi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="917" data-file-height="1228" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/J._K._Paasikivi" class="mw-redirect" title="J. K. Paasikivi">J. K. Paasikivi</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">Prime Minister of Finland</a> and later the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Finland" title="President of Finland">7th President of Finland</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Aaltonen" title="Emil Aaltonen">Emil Aaltonen</a> (1869–1949), industrialist and philanthropist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emanuel_Aromaa" title="Emanuel Aromaa">Emanuel Aromaa</a> (1873–1933), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eero_Berg" title="Eero Berg">Eero Berg</a> (1898–1969), long-distance runner and Olympic gold medalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minna_Canth" title="Minna Canth">Minna Canth</a> (1844–1897), author and social activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosa_Clay" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosa Clay">Rosa Clay</a> (1875–1959), a Namibian-born Finnish American teacher, singer and choral conductor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minna_Craucher" title="Minna Craucher">Minna Craucher</a> (1891–1932), socialite and spy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Finlayson_(industrialist)" title="James Finlayson (industrialist)">James Finlayson</a> (1772–1852), Scottish <a href="/wiki/Quakers" title="Quakers">Quaker</a> and industrialist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4in%C3%B6_Hakkila" title="Väinö Hakkila">Väinö Hakkila</a> (1882–1958), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gustaf_Idman" title="Gustaf Idman">Gustaf Idman</a> (1885–1961), diplomat and a non-partisan <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Finland)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of Foreign Affairs (Finland)">Minister of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alma_Jokinen" title="Alma Jokinen">Alma Jokinen</a> (1882–1939), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feliks_Kellosalmi" title="Feliks Kellosalmi">Feliks Kellosalmi</a> (1877–1939), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augusta_Laine" title="Augusta Laine">Augusta Laine</a> (1867–1949), teacher of home economics and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans_Oskar_Lilius" title="Frans Oskar Lilius">Frans Oskar Lilius</a> (1871–1928), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wivi_L%C3%B6nn" title="Wivi Lönn">Wivi Lönn</a> (1872–1966), architect</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaapo_Murros" title="Kaapo Murros">Kaapo Murros</a> (1875–1951), journalist, lawyer, writer and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juho_Kusti_Paasikivi" title="Juho Kusti Paasikivi">Juho Kusti Paasikivi</a> (1870–1956), the <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">Prime Minister of Finland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Finland" title="President of Finland">7th President of Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaro_Pajari" title="Aaro Pajari">Aaro Pajari</a> (1897–1949), Major General and the <a href="/wiki/Knight_of_the_Mannerheim_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight of the Mannerheim Cross">Knight of the Mannerheim Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvo_Pohjannoro" title="Arvo Pohjannoro">Arvo Pohjannoro</a> (1893–1963), Lutheran clergyman and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anders_Rajala" title="Anders Rajala">Anders Rajala</a> (1891–1957), wrestler</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julius_Saaristo" title="Julius Saaristo">Julius Saaristo</a> (1891–1969) track and field athlete and Olympic gold medalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matti_Schreck" title="Matti Schreck">Matti Schreck</a> (1897–1946), banker and film producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans_Eemil_Sillanp%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Frans Eemil Sillanpää">Frans Eemil Sillanpää</a> (1888–1964), author and <a href="/wiki/Nobel_laureate" class="mw-redirect" title="Nobel laureate">Nobel laureate</a><a href="#cite_note-249">[243]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bertel_Str%C3%B6mmer" title="Bertel Strömmer">Bertel Strömmer</a> (1890–1962), architect</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilho_Tuulos" title="Vilho Tuulos">Vilho Tuulos</a> (1895–1967), triple jumper, long jumper and Olympic gold medalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Wesley" title="August Wesley">August Wesley</a> (1887–?), journalist, trade unionist and revolutionary</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Born_after_1900">Born after 1900</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=51" title="Edit section: Born after 1900">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Aleksander_Barkov_2016.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Aleksander_Barkov_2016.jpg/170px-Aleksander_Barkov_2016.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Aleksander_Barkov_2016.jpg/255px-Aleksander_Barkov_2016.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Aleksander_Barkov_2016.jpg/340px-Aleksander_Barkov_2016.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2876" data-file-height="3508" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Barkov" title="Aleksander Barkov">Aleksander Barkov</a>, ice hockey player</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Vaino-Linna-1976.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Vaino-Linna-1976.jpg/170px-Vaino-Linna-1976.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Vaino-Linna-1976.jpg/255px-Vaino-Linna-1976.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Vaino-Linna-1976.jpg/340px-Vaino-Linna-1976.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="4800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4in%C3%B6_Linna" title="Väinö Linna">Väinö Linna</a>, author of <a href="/wiki/The_Unknown_Soldier_(novel)" title="The Unknown Soldier (novel)">The Unknown Soldier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Under_the_North_Star" class="mw-redirect" title="Under the North Star">Under the North Star trilogy</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prime_Minister_of_Finland_Sanna_Marin_2019_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Prime_Minister_of_Finland_Sanna_Marin_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg/170px-Prime_Minister_of_Finland_Sanna_Marin_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Prime_Minister_of_Finland_Sanna_Marin_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg/255px-Prime_Minister_of_Finland_Sanna_Marin_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Prime_Minister_of_Finland_Sanna_Marin_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg/340px-Prime_Minister_of_Finland_Sanna_Marin_2019_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1711" data-file-height="2296" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sanna_Marin" title="Sanna Marin">Sanna Marin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">Prime Minister of Finland</a> from 2019 to 2023.</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jonne_Aaron" title="Jonne Aaron">Jonne Aaron</a> (born 1983), singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinikka_Antila" title="Sinikka Antila">Sinikka Antila</a> (born 1960), lawyer and diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aleksander_Barkov" title="Aleksander Barkov">Aleksander Barkov</a> (born 1995), Finnish-Russian professional ice hockey player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anu_Bradford" title="Anu Bradford">Anu Bradford</a> (born 1975), Finnish-American author and law professor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johanna_Debreczeni" title="Johanna Debreczeni">Johanna Debreczeni</a> (born 1980), singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henrik_Otto_Donner" title="Henrik Otto Donner">Henrik Otto Donner</a> (1939–2013), composer and music personality</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Falchi" title="Anna Falchi">Anna Falchi</a> (born 1972), Finnish-Italian model and film actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauri_Fav%C3%A9n" title="Mauri Favén">Mauri Favén</a> (1920–2006), painter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matti_Haahti" title="Matti Haahti">Matti Haahti</a> (born 1936), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jussi_Halla-aho" title="Jussi Halla-aho">Jussi Halla-aho</a> (born 1971), politician and former leader of the <a href="/wiki/Finns_Party" title="Finns Party">Finns Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roope_Hintz" title="Roope Hintz">Roope Hintz</a> (born 1996), professional ice hockey player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anja_Ignatius" title="Anja Ignatius">Anja Ignatius</a> (1911–1995), violinist and music educator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seppo_Jokinen" title="Seppo Jokinen">Seppo Jokinen</a> (born 1949), author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viljo_Kajava" title="Viljo Kajava">Viljo Kajava</a> (1909–1998), author and poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapani_Kalliom%C3%A4ki" title="Tapani Kalliomäki">Tapani Kalliomäki</a> (born 1970), stage and film actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glen_Kamara" title="Glen Kamara">Glen Kamara</a> (born 1995), professional footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jorma_Karhunen" title="Jorma Karhunen">Jorma Karhunen</a> (1913–2002), <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Air_Force" title="Finnish Air Force">Finnish Air Force</a> <a href="/wiki/Flying_ace" title="Flying ace">ace</a> and the Knight of the Mannerheim Cross</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Kinnunen" title="Leo Kinnunen">Leo Kinnunen</a> (1943–2017), <a href="/wiki/Formula_One" title="Formula One">Formula One</a> driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urpo_Lahtinen" title="Urpo Lahtinen">Urpo Lahtinen</a> (1931–1994), journalist and magazine publisher, founder of <a href="/wiki/Tamperelainen" title="Tamperelainen">Tamperelainen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimmo_Leinonen" title="Kimmo Leinonen">Kimmo Leinonen</a> (born 1949), ice hockey executive and writer<a href="#cite_note-250">[244]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mika_Koivuniemi" title="Mika Koivuniemi">Mika Koivuniemi</a> (born 1967), bowling coach and professional <a href="/wiki/Ten-pin_bowling" class="mw-redirect" title="Ten-pin bowling">ten-pin bowler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiira_Korpi" title="Kiira Korpi">Kiira Korpi</a> (born 1988), figure skater</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patrik_Laine" title="Patrik Laine">Patrik Laine</a> (born 1998), professional ice hockey player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4in%C3%B6_Linna" title="Väinö Linna">Väinö Linna</a> (1920–1992), author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jyrki_Lumme" title="Jyrki Lumme">Jyrki Lumme</a> (born 1966), professional hockey player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiina_Lymi" title="Tiina Lymi">Tiina Lymi</a> (born 1971), actress, director, screenwriter and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taru_M%C3%A4kel%C3%A4" title="Taru Mäkelä">Taru Mäkelä</a> (born 1959), film director and screenwriter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eeva-Liisa_Manner" title="Eeva-Liisa Manner">Eeva-Liisa Manner</a> (1921–1995), poet, playwright and translator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanna_Marin" title="Sanna Marin">Sanna Marin</a> (born 1985), <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">Prime Minister of Finland</a> (2019–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakari_Mattila" title="Sakari Mattila">Sakari Mattila</a> (born 1989), professional footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matthau_Mikojan" title="Matthau Mikojan">Matthau Mikojan</a> (born 1982), rock musician, singer, guitarist and songwriter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pate_Mustaj%C3%A4rvi" title="Pate Mustajärvi">Pate Mustajärvi</a> (born 1956), rock singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikko_Nousiainen" title="Mikko Nousiainen">Mikko Nousiainen</a> (born 1975), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teppo_Numminen" title="Teppo Numminen">Teppo Numminen</a> (born 1968), professional ice hockey player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luka_Nurmi" title="Luka Nurmi">Luka Nurmi</a> (born 2004), racing driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erno_Paasilinna" title="Erno Paasilinna">Erno Paasilinna</a> (1935–2000), author and journalist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekka_Paavola" title="Pekka Paavola">Pekka Paavola</a> (born 1933), politician and <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_Justice_(Finland)" title="Minister of Justice (Finland)">Minister of Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tero_Palmroth" title="Tero Palmroth">Tero Palmroth</a> (born 1953), racing driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oiva_Paloheimo" title="Oiva Paloheimo">Oiva Paloheimo</a> (1910–1973), author, poet and aphorist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veijo_Pasanen" title="Veijo Pasanen">Veijo Pasanen</a> (1930–1988), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aku_Pellinen" title="Aku Pellinen">Aku Pellinen</a> (born 1993), racing driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakari_Puisto" title="Sakari Puisto">Sakari Puisto</a> (born 1976), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raisa_R%C3%A4is%C3%A4nen" class="mw-redirect" title="Raisa Räisänen">Raisa Räisänen</a> (1983–?), still missing 16-year-old girl, who was <a href="/wiki/Presumption_of_death" title="Presumption of death">declared dead in absentia</a> in 2007</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matti_Ranin" title="Matti Ranin">Matti Ranin</a> (1926–2013), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_R%C3%A4ty" title="Otto Räty">Otto Räty</a> (born 1992), ice hockey player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leo_Riuttu" title="Leo Riuttu">Leo Riuttu</a> (1913–1989), actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seela_Sella" title="Seela Sella">Seela Sella</a> (born 1936), actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heikki_Silvennoinen" title="Heikki Silvennoinen">Heikki Silvennoinen</a> (1954-2024), musician and actor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kikka_(singer)" title="Kikka (singer)">Kikka</a> (1964–2005), pop and schlager singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukka_Tapanim%C3%A4ki" title="Jukka Tapanimäki">Jukka Tapanimäki</a> (1961–2000), software developer and game programmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armi_Toivanen" title="Armi Toivanen">Armi Toivanen</a> (born 1980), actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jussi_V%C3%A4lim%C3%A4ki" title="Jussi Välimäki">Jussi Välimäki</a> (born 1974), rally driver</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauri_Viita" title="Lauri Viita">Lauri Viita</a> (1916–1965), poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erika_Vikman" title="Erika Vikman">Erika Vikman</a> (born 1993), singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Vikman" title="Sofia Vikman">Sofia Vikman</a> (born 1983), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olavi_Virta" title="Olavi Virta">Olavi Virta</a> (1915–1972), singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juuso_Walli" title="Juuso Walli">Juuso Walli</a> (born 1996), professional ice hockey player<a href="#cite_note-251">[245]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Wind" title="Hans Wind">Hans Wind</a> (1919–1995), fighter pilot, flying ace and the Knight of the Mannerheim Cross</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aki_Yli-Salom%C3%A4ki" title="Aki Yli-Salomäki">Aki Yli-Salomäki</a> (born 1972), composer, music critic and music journalist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=52" title="Edit section: International relations">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Finland" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Finland">List of twin towns and sister cities in Finland</a></div> Tampere is <a href="/wiki/Town_twinning" class="mw-redirect" title="Town twinning">twinned</a> with: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chemnitz" title="Chemnitz">Chemnitz</a>, Germany<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Essen" title="Essen">Essen</a>, Germany<a href="#cite_note-ruhr_twins-253">[247]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaunas" title="Kaunas">Kaunas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuania</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaksv%C3%ADk" title="Klaksvík">Klaksvík</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faroe_Islands" title="Faroe Islands">Faroe Islands</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B3pavogur" title="Kópavogur">Kópavogur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> (since 1996)<a href="#cite_note-lodz-254">[248]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miskolc" title="Miskolc">Miskolc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hungary" title="Hungary">Hungary</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norrk%C3%B6ping" title="Norrköping">Norrköping</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odense" title="Odense">Odense</a>, <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olomouc" title="Olomouc">Olomouc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic" title="Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bra%C8%99ov" title="Brașov">Brașov</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tartu" title="Tartu">Tartu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estonia" title="Estonia">Estonia</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trondheim" title="Trondheim">Trondheim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> (since 1946)<a href="#cite_note-trondheim-255">[249]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>, China<a href="#cite_note-guangzhou_twinnings-256">[250]</a><a href="#cite_note-hs_2013-06-20-257">[251]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_New_York" title="Syracuse, New York">Syracuse</a>, United States<a href="#cite_note-258">[252]</a></li></ul> Tampere has two additional "friendship cities": <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua"><img alt="Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Le%C3%B3n,_Nicaragua" title="León, Nicaragua">León</a>, Nicaragua<a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania"><img alt="Tanzania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mwanza" title="Mwanza">Mwanza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a><a href="#cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">[246]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=53" title="Edit section: See also">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/48px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/64px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Finland" title="Portal:Finland">Finland portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-Europe_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Europe" title="Portal:Europe">Europe portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/28px-Terra.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/42px-Terra.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Terra.png/56px-Terra.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Geography" title="Portal:Geography">Geography portal</a></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/28px-COL-city_icon.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/42px-COL-city_icon.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/COL-city_icon.png/56px-COL-city_icon.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cities" title="Portal:Cities">Cities portal</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tampere" title="Battle of Tampere">Battle of Tampere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustamakkara" title="Mustamakkara">Mustamakkara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">Nokia, Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala">Pirkkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratina_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ratina Stadium">Ratina Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi" title="Särkänniemi">Särkänniemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tammerkoski" title="Tammerkoski">Tammerkoski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampere_Deck_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Tampere Deck Arena">Tampere Deck Arena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampere_Film_Festival" title="Tampere Film Festival">Tampere Film Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampere_Tigers" title="Tampere Tigers">Tampere Tigers</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=54" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-133"><a href="#cite_ref-133">^</a> Statistics Finland classifies a person as having a "foreign background" if both parents or the only known parent were born abroad.<a href="#cite_note-statistics-finland-persons-with-foreign-background-132">[127]</a> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Pronounced in almost the same way as <a href="/wiki/Nashville,_Tennessee" title="Nashville, Tennessee">Nashville</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈtæmpəreɪ/</a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><a href="/wiki/American_English" title="American English">US</a> also <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/ˈtæmpərə, ˈtɑːmpəreɪ/</a><a href="#cite_note-lexico-11">[10]</a><a href="#cite_note-oxford-12">[11]</a><a href="#cite_note-merriam-webster-13">[12]</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" />Finnish: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Finnish" title="Help:IPA/Finnish">[ˈtɑmpere]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/e2\/Fi-Tampere.ogg\/Fi-Tampere.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Fi-Tampere.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e2/Fi-Tampere.ogg/Fi-Tampere.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:Fi-Tampere.ogg" title="File:Fi-Tampere.ogg">ⓘ</a>; <a href="/wiki/Swedish_language" title="Swedish language">Swedish</a>: Tammerfors, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" />Finland Swedish: <a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Swedish" title="Help:IPA/Swedish">[tɑmærˈforsː]</a> <span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/9\/93\/Tammerfors.ogg\/Tammerfors.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Tammerfors.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/93/Tammerfors.ogg/Tammerfors.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"></a><a href="/wiki/File:Tammerfors.ogg" title="File:Tammerfors.ogg">ⓘ</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-63"><a href="#cite_ref-63">^</a> Known in Sweden as köping and the Finnish word kauppala. </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a> Formerly known as Puolimatkankatu </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=55" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-yle_elava_arkisto_tampere-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-yle_elava_arkisto_tampere_1-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-yle_elava_arkisto_tampere_1-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-yle_elava_arkisto_tampere_1-2">c</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLindfors" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lindfors, Jukka. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/aihe/kategoria/elava-arkisto/tampere-manse-ja-naasville">"Tampere on Manse ja Nääsville"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210818112553/https://yle.fi/aihe/kategoria/elava-arkisto/tampere-manse-ja-naasville">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Tampere+on+Manse+ja+N%C3%A4%C3%A4sville&rft.aulast=Lindfors&rft.aufirst=Jukka&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Faihe%2Fkategoria%2Felava-arkisto%2Ftampere-manse-ja-naasville&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-election2023-3"><a href="#cite_ref-election2023_3-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hs.fi/kotimaa/art-2000009551929.html">"Kalervo Kummolaa esitetään odotetusti Tampereen pormestariksi"</a>. 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Retrieved 31 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times&rft.atitle=The+fairytale+Finnish+city+you%27ve+probably+never+heard+of&rft.date=2023-01-29&rft.aulast=Hodges&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thetimes.co.uk%2Farticle%2Fthe-fairytale-finnish-city-you-ve-probably-never-heard-of-57gtr6v9v&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tekniikkatalous_2019-12-08-21">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tekniikkatalous_2019-12-08_21-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tekniikkatalous_2019-12-08_21-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKortelainen2019" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kortelainen, Kari (8 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tekniikkatalous.fi/uutiset/suomen-manchesterin-sydan-on-voimaa-tuottanut-tammerkoski-alueen-menestynein-yritys-oli-ruotsin-vallan-aikana-valtion-viinanpolttimo/04cad7f3-d4f9-4cb3-9318-7a9192fbb576">"Suomen Manchesterin sydän on voimaa tuottanut Tammerkoski - alueen menestynein yritys oli Ruotsin vallan aikana valtion viinanpolttimo"</a>. Tekniikka & Talous (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210910203437/https://www.tekniikkatalous.fi/uutiset/suomen-manchesterin-sydan-on-voimaa-tuottanut-tammerkoski-alueen-menestynein-yritys-oli-ruotsin-vallan-aikana-valtion-viinanpolttimo/04cad7f3-d4f9-4cb3-9318-7a9192fbb576">Archived</a> from the original on 10 September 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tekniikka+%26+Talous&rft.atitle=Suomen+Manchesterin+syd%C3%A4n+on+voimaa+tuottanut+Tammerkoski+-+alueen+menestynein+yritys+oli+Ruotsin+vallan+aikana+valtion+viinanpolttimo&rft.date=2019-12-08&rft.aulast=Kortelainen&rft.aufirst=Kari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tekniikkatalous.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fsuomen-manchesterin-sydan-on-voimaa-tuottanut-tammerkoski-alueen-menestynein-yritys-oli-ruotsin-vallan-aikana-valtion-viinanpolttimo%2F04cad7f3-d4f9-4cb3-9318-7a9192fbb576&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_2008-22"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_2008_22-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927024157/http://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/5ygWzG5ol/english_2008.pdf">"Tampere in brief"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/5ygWzG5ol/english_2008.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 27 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere+in+brief&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftiedostot%2F5ygWzG5ol%2Fenglish_2008.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tibo_2007-23"><a href="#cite_ref-tibo_2007_23-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080909222105/http://www.tampere.chamber.fi/incoming_jl/pirkanmaan_talous_eng_2007.pdf">"The Economy in the Tampere Region"</a> (PDF). Tampere International Business Office. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.chamber.fi/incoming_jl/pirkanmaan_talous_eng_2007.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 9 September 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Economy+in+the+Tampere+Region&rft.pub=Tampere+International+Business+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.chamber.fi%2Fincoming_jl%2Fpirkanmaan_talous_eng_2007.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-katko-24"><a href="#cite_ref-katko_24-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFkatkoJuuti" class="citation web cs1">katko, Tapio S.; Juuti, Petri S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927024325/http://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/5pxlRx6kV/Watering_the_City_of_Tampere.pdf">"Watering the city of Tampere"</a> (PDF). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/5pxlRx6kV/Watering_the_City_of_Tampere.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 27 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Watering+the+city+of+Tampere&rft.aulast=katko&rft.aufirst=Tapio+S.&rft.au=Juuti%2C+Petri+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftiedostot%2F5pxlRx6kV%2FWatering_the_City_of_Tampere.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-spottedbylocals-25"><a href="#cite_ref-spottedbylocals_25-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spottedbylocals.com/blog/tampere-is-the-sauna-capital-of-the-world/">"Tampere is the Sauna Capital of the World"</a>. 16 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200622034953/https://www.spottedbylocals.com/blog/tampere-is-the-sauna-capital-of-the-world/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere+is+the+Sauna+Capital+of+the+World&rft.date=2020-03-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spottedbylocals.com%2Fblog%2Ftampere-is-the-sauna-capital-of-the-world%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-business_tampere-26"><a href="#cite_ref-business_tampere_26-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://businesstampere.com/finnish-sauna-society-and-international-sauna-association-tampere-is-the-sauna-capital/">"Finnish Sauna Society and International Sauna Association: "Tampere is the Sauna Capital""</a>. 22 May 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200623040700/https://businesstampere.com/finnish-sauna-society-and-international-sauna-association-tampere-is-the-sauna-capital/">Archived</a> from the original on 23 June 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Finnish+Sauna+Society+and+International+Sauna+Association%3A+%22Tampere+is+the+Sauna+Capital%22&rft.date=2018-05-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusinesstampere.com%2Ffinnish-sauna-society-and-international-sauna-association-tampere-is-the-sauna-capital%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-themayor_sauna_capital-27"><a href="#cite_ref-themayor_sauna_capital_27-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.themayor.eu/en/a/view/tampere-the-sauna-capital-of-the-world-4316">"Tampere – the sauna capital of the world"</a>. 7 February 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220725133821/https://www.themayor.eu/en/a/view/tampere-the-sauna-capital-of-the-world-4316">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere+%E2%80%93+the+sauna+capital+of+the+world&rft.date=2020-02-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.themayor.eu%2Fen%2Fa%2Fview%2Ftampere-the-sauna-capital-of-the-world-4316&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-saunafromfinland-28"><a href="#cite_ref-saunafromfinland_28-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://saunafromfinland.com/sauna-destinations-in-finland/tampere-sauna-capital/">"Tampere – the Sauna Capital of the World ~ Sauna from Finland"</a>. 25 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200622145524/https://saunafromfinland.com/sauna-destinations-in-finland/tampere-sauna-capital/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere+%E2%80%93+the+Sauna+Capital+of+the+World+~+Sauna+from+Finland&rft.date=2019-02-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsaunafromfinland.com%2Fsauna-destinations-in-finland%2Ftampere-sauna-capital%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vr_2018-29"><a href="#cite_ref-vr_2018_29-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180529055815/https://www.vr.fi/cs/vr/en/gettingtherefast">"Now Finland is even faster - VR"</a>. vr.fi. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vr.fi/cs/vr/en/gettingtherefast">the original</a> on 29 May 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vr.fi&rft.atitle=Now+Finland+is+even+faster+-+VR&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vr.fi%2Fcs%2Fvr%2Fen%2Fgettingtherefast&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-finavia_2018-30"><a href="#cite_ref-finavia_2018_30-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.finavia.fi/sites/default/files/documents/Passengers%20by%20airports_0.pdf">"Passenger stats"</a> (PDF). <a href="/wiki/Finavia" title="Finavia">Finavia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180529130041/https://www.finavia.fi/sites/default/files/documents/Passengers%20by%20airports_0.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 29 May 2018. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Passenger+stats&rft.pub=Finavia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.finavia.fi%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdocuments%2FPassengers%2520by%2520airports_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-irj-tampere-tram-31"><a href="#cite_ref-irj-tampere-tram_31-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/light-rail/tampere-light-rail-network-opens-under-budget-and-ahead-of-schedule/">"Tampere light rail network opens under budget and ahead of schedule pelastaudutaan"</a>. International Railway Journal. 21 August 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230927220940/https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/light-rail/tampere-light-rail-network-opens-under-budget-and-ahead-of-schedule/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Railway+Journal&rft.atitle=Tampere+light+rail+network+opens+under+budget+and+ahead+of+schedule+pelastaudutaan&rft.date=2021-08-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Fpassenger%2Flight-rail%2Ftampere-light-rail-network-opens-under-budget-and-ahead-of-schedule%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-visittampere_hipsters-32"><a href="#cite_ref-visittampere_hipsters_32-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200611075118/https://visittampere.fi/en/news/worlds-most-hipster-cities-revealed-tampere-ranked-number-26/">"World's most hipster cities revealed: Tampere ranked number 26!"</a>. Visit Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visittampere.fi/en/news/worlds-most-hipster-cities-revealed-tampere-ranked-number-26/">the original</a> on 11 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World%27s+most+hipster+cities+revealed%3A+Tampere+ranked+number+26%21&rft.pub=Visit+Tampere&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisittampere.fi%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fworlds-most-hipster-cities-revealed-tampere-ranked-number-26%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yle_2018-03-26-33"><a href="#cite_ref-yle_2018-03-26_33-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/news/3-10133848">"Tampere rated Finland's most popular city"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a>. 26 March 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220725133819/https://yle.fi/news/3-10133848">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Tampere+rated+Finland%27s+most+popular+city&rft.date=2018-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fnews%2F3-10133848&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-eurocities-34">^ <a href="#cite_ref-eurocities_34-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-eurocities_34-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eurocities.eu/cities/tampere/">"Finland: Tampere"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Eurocities" title="Eurocities">Eurocities</a>. 6 August 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211210054338/https://eurocities.eu/cities/tampere/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 10 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Eurocities&rft.atitle=Finland%3A+Tampere&rft.date=2020-08-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feurocities.eu%2Fcities%2Ftampere%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-is_2021-07-15-35"><a href="#cite_ref-is_2021-07-15_35-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.is.fi/menaiset/vapaalla/art-2000008127331.html">"Ratikan verran rakastettavampi! Listasimme 14 syytä, joiden vuoksi Tampere on aivan ykkösmesta"</a> [Why is Tampere so popular? Here's 14 reasons!]. <a href="/wiki/Ilta-Sanomat" title="Ilta-Sanomat">Ilta-Sanomat</a> (in Finnish). 15 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210720002207/https://www.is.fi/menaiset/vapaalla/art-2000008127331.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 July 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ilta-Sanomat&rft.atitle=Ratikan+verran+rakastettavampi%21+Listasimme+14+syyt%C3%A4%2C+joiden+vuoksi+Tampere+on+aivan+ykk%C3%B6smesta&rft.date=2021-07-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.is.fi%2Fmenaiset%2Fvapaalla%2Fart-2000008127331.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-aamulehti_2021-05-04-36">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2021-05-04_36-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2021-05-04_36-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVuorimäki2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vuorimäki, Tiina (4 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aamulehti.fi/uutiset/art-2000007943734.html">"Tampere Suomen ylivoimainen ykkönen muuttovoitossa alkuvuonna – pääkaupunkiseudun vetovoima romahtanut: "Se on tosi iso muutos""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aamulehti" title="Aamulehti">Aamulehti</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211024062705/https://www.aamulehti.fi/uutiset/art-2000007943734.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aamulehti&rft.atitle=Tampere+Suomen+ylivoimainen+ykk%C3%B6nen+muuttovoitossa+alkuvuonna+%E2%80%93+p%C3%A4%C3%A4kaupunkiseudun+vetovoima+romahtanut%3A+%22Se+on+tosi+iso+muutos%22&rft.date=2021-05-04&rft.aulast=Vuorim%C3%A4ki&rft.aufirst=Tiina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aamulehti.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fart-2000007943734.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-aamulehti_2021-10-23-37">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2021-10-23_37-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2021-10-23_37-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKalliosaari2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kalliosaari, Kati (23 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aamulehti.fi/tampere/art-2000008352935.html">"Tampereen vetovoima on ihan omaa luokkaansa, Helsinki putosi jumbosijalle – "En olisi tällaista tilannetta uskonut näkeväni""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aamulehti" title="Aamulehti">Aamulehti</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211024062704/https://www.aamulehti.fi/tampere/art-2000008352935.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 October 2021. Retrieved 24 October 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aamulehti&rft.atitle=Tampereen+vetovoima+on+ihan+omaa+luokkaansa%2C+Helsinki+putosi+jumbosijalle+%E2%80%93+%22En+olisi+t%C3%A4llaista+tilannetta+uskonut+n%C3%A4kev%C3%A4ni%22&rft.date=2021-10-23&rft.aulast=Kalliosaari&rft.aufirst=Kati&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aamulehti.fi%2Ftampere%2Fart-2000008352935.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.smartcityexpo.com/world-smart-city-awards-2023/">"World Smart City Awards"</a>. Smart City Expo World Congress. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240809225840/https://www.smartcityexpo.com/world-smart-city-awards-2023/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 August 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=World+Smart+City+Awards&rft.pub=Smart+City+Expo+World+Congress&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smartcityexpo.com%2Fworld-smart-city-awards-2023%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVirlander2023" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Virlander, Neea (13 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aamulehti.fi/tampere/art-2000009986422.html">"Tampere tuli ykköseksi älykaupunkitapahtumassa – Ihmisten liikkumista ennustetaan viikkoja etukäteen"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aamulehti" title="Aamulehti">Aamulehti</a> (in Finnish). Retrieved 19 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Aamulehti&rft.atitle=Tampere+tuli+ykk%C3%B6seksi+%C3%A4lykaupunkitapahtumassa+%E2%80%93+Ihmisten+liikkumista+ennustetaan+viikkoja+etuk%C3%A4teen&rft.date=2023-11-13&rft.aulast=Virlander&rft.aufirst=Neea&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aamulehti.fi%2Ftampere%2Fart-2000009986422.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHaaramo2023" class="citation web cs1">Haaramo, Eeva (17 November 2023). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodnewsfinland.com/en/articles/breaking-news/2023/cultural-tampere-smart-city/">"Tampere triumphs at global smart city awards"</a>. Good News from Finland. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240811151448/https://www.goodnewsfinland.com/en/articles/breaking-news/2023/cultural-tampere-smart-city/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Good+News+from+Finland&rft.atitle=Tampere+triumphs+at+global+smart+city+awards&rft.date=2023-11-17&rft.aulast=Haaramo&rft.aufirst=Eeva&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodnewsfinland.com%2Fen%2Farticles%2Fbreaking-news%2F2023%2Fcultural-tampere-smart-city%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ante-41"><a href="#cite_ref-ante_41-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFÁnte2012" class="citation book cs1">Ánte, Luobbal Sámmol Sámmol (2012). "An essay on Saami ethnolinguistic prehistory". A Linguistic Map of Prehistoric Northern Europe. Mémoires de la Société Finno-Ougrienne. Vol. 266. pp. 63–117.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=An+essay+on+Saami+ethnolinguistic+prehistory&rft.btitle=A+Linguistic+Map+of+Prehistoric+Northern+Europe&rft.series=M%C3%A9moires+de+la+Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9+Finno-Ougrienne&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E63-%3C%2Fspan%3E117&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=%C3%81nte&rft.aufirst=Luobbal+S%C3%A1mmol+S%C3%A1mmol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-heikkila_1-42"><a href="#cite_ref-heikkila_1_42-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeikkilä2012" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Heikkilä, Mikko (2012). "Tampere–saamelaisen Tammerkosken kaupunki". Virittäjä (in Finnish). 1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Viritt%C3%A4j%C3%A4&rft.atitle=Tampere%E2%80%93saamelaisen+Tammerkosken+kaupunki&rft.volume=1&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Heikkil%C3%A4&rft.aufirst=Mikko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rahkonen-43"><a href="#cite_ref-rahkonen_43-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRahkonen2011" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rahkonen, Pauli (2011). "Tampere–saamelainen koskiappellatiivi". Virittäjä (in Finnish). 2.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Viritt%C3%A4j%C3%A4&rft.atitle=Tampere%E2%80%93saamelainen+koskiappellatiivi&rft.volume=2&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Rahkonen&rft.aufirst=Pauli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kotus-44"><a href="#cite_ref-kotus_44-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kotus.fi/nyt/kysymyksia_ja_vastauksia/nimien_alkuperasta/tampere">"Mistä tulee nimi Tampere?"</a>. Kotimaisten kielten keskus (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200916105036/https://www.kotus.fi/nyt/kysymyksia_ja_vastauksia/nimien_alkuperasta/tampere">Archived</a> from the original on 16 September 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kotimaisten+kielten+keskus&rft.atitle=Mist%C3%A4+tulee+nimi+Tampere%3F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kotus.fi%2Fnyt%2Fkysymyksia_ja_vastauksia%2Fnimien_alkuperasta%2Ftampere&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-utain-45"><a href="#cite_ref-utain_45-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKumpu2003" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kumpu, Ville (19 November 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050326164055/http://www.uta.fi/utain/2003s/16/6153.html">"Tampere ei avaudu tutkijoille"</a>. Utain – Tampereen yliopiston toimittajakoulutuksen viikkolehti (in Finnish). <a href="/wiki/University_of_Tampere" title="University of Tampere">University of Tampere</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uta.fi/utain/2003s/16/6153.html">the original</a> on 26 March 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Utain+%E2%80%93+Tampereen+yliopiston+toimittajakoulutuksen+viikkolehti&rft.atitle=Tampere+ei+avaudu+tutkijoille&rft.date=2003-11-19&rft.aulast=Kumpu&rft.aufirst=Ville&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uta.fi%2Futain%2F2003s%2F16%2F6153.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kasviatlas-46"><a href="#cite_ref-kasviatlas_46-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://koivu.luomus.fi/kasviatlas/maps.php?taxon=40434&year=2010">"Metsätammi (Quercus robur)"</a>. luomus.fi (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180717212552/http://koivu.luomus.fi/kasviatlas/maps.php?taxon=40434&year=2010">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2018. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=luomus.fi&rft.atitle=Mets%C3%A4tammi+%28Quercus+robur%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkoivu.luomus.fi%2Fkasviatlas%2Fmaps.php%3Ftaxon%3D40434%26year%3D2010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vaakuna-47">^ <a href="#cite_ref-vaakuna_47-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-vaakuna_47-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140810164423/http://www.tampere.fi/kirjastotjaarkistot/kaupunginarkisto/nayttelyarkisto/vaakunat.html">"Tampereen vaakunat"</a>. City of Tampere (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/kirjastotjaarkistot/kaupunginarkisto/nayttelyarkisto/vaakunat.html">the original</a> on 10 August 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Tampere&rft.atitle=Tampereen+vaakunat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fkirjastotjaarkistot%2Fkaupunginarkisto%2Fnayttelyarkisto%2Fvaakunat.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ylioppilasmatrikkeli_von_cederwald-48"><a href="#cite_ref-ylioppilasmatrikkeli_von_cederwald_48-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKotivuori2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kotivuori, Yrjö (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ylioppilasmatrikkeli.helsinki.fi/henkilo.php?id=12206">"Ylioppilasmatrikkeli 1640–1852: Arvid von Cederwald"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">University of Helsinki</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210910203434/https://ylioppilasmatrikkeli.helsinki.fi/henkilo.php?id=12206">Archived</a> from the original on 10 September 2021. Retrieved 26 March 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Helsinki&rft.atitle=Ylioppilasmatrikkeli+1640%E2%80%931852%3A+Arvid+von+Cederwald&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Kotivuori&rft.aufirst=Yrj%C3%B6&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fylioppilasmatrikkeli.helsinki.fi%2Fhenkilo.php%3Fid%3D12206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_vaakuna-49"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_vaakuna_49-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190112195257/https://www.tampere.fi/tampereen-kaupunki/tietoa-tampereesta/arkistot/nayttelyarkisto/vaakunat.html">"Tampereen vaakunat"</a> (in Finnish). City of Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/tampereen-kaupunki/tietoa-tampereesta/arkistot/nayttelyarkisto/vaakunat.html">the original</a> on 12 January 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampereen+vaakunat&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftampereen-kaupunki%2Ftietoa-tampereesta%2Farkistot%2Fnayttelyarkisto%2Fvaakunat.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-valtuustoaloite-50">^ <a href="#cite_ref-valtuustoaloite_50-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-valtuustoaloite_50-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-valtuustoaloite_50-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080929154958/http://www.tampere.fi/ekstrat/hallinto/aloite/07/38.htm">"38 § Erkki Axénin ja Peter Löfbergin ym. valtuustoaloite vanhan Arvid von Cedervallin suunnitteleman vaakunan käyttöönottamiseksi"</a> (in Finnish). City of Tampere. 17 January 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/ekstrat/hallinto/aloite/07/38.htm">the original</a> on 29 September 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=38+%C2%A7+Erkki+Ax%C3%A9nin+ja+Peter+L%C3%B6fbergin+ym.+valtuustoaloite+vanhan+Arvid+von+Cedervallin+suunnitteleman+vaakunan+k%C3%A4ytt%C3%B6%C3%B6nottamiseksi&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft.date=2007-01-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fekstrat%2Fhallinto%2Faloite%2F07%2F38.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-aamulehti_2007-02-08-51"><a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2007-02-08_51-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070208094321/http://www.aamulehti.fi/vastaa/vaakuna/">"Aamulehti: Kumpi Tampereen vaakunoista on parempi?"</a> (in Finnish). <a href="/wiki/Aamulehti" title="Aamulehti">Aamulehti</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aamulehti.fi/vastaa/vaakuna/">the original</a> on 8 February 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Aamulehti%3A+Kumpi+Tampereen+vaakunoista+on+parempi%3F&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aamulehti.fi%2Fvastaa%2Fvaakuna%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-willberg-52"><a href="#cite_ref-willberg_52-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWillberg1987" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Willberg, Leena (1987). Pirkanmaan kuntien tunnukset (in Finnish). Tampereen kaupungin museot, Pirkanmaan maakuntamuseo. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/951-9430-21-0" title="Special:BookSources/951-9430-21-0"><bdi>951-9430-21-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pirkanmaan+kuntien+tunnukset&rft.pub=Tampereen+kaupungin+museot%2C+Pirkanmaan+maakuntamuseo&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=951-9430-21-0&rft.aulast=Willberg&rft.aufirst=Leena&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_kysyttya-53"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_kysyttya_53-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150926104125/http://www.tampere.fi/tampereinfo/sanoinjakuvin/kysyttya.html">"Usein kysyttyä"</a> (in Finnish). City of Tampere. 4 October 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/tampereinfo/sanoinjakuvin/kysyttya.html">the original</a> on 26 September 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Usein+kysytty%C3%A4&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft.date=2011-10-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftampereinfo%2Fsanoinjakuvin%2Fkysyttya.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-iltanen-54"><a href="#cite_ref-iltanen_54-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIltanen2013" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Iltanen, Jussi (2013). Suomen kuntavaakunat (in Finnish). Karttakeskus. p. 88.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Suomen+kuntavaakunat&rft.pages=88&rft.pub=Karttakeskus&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Iltanen&rft.aufirst=Jussi&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-lind-55">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lind_55-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-lind_55-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-lind_55-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-lind_55-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-lind_55-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-lind_55-5">f</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLind2015" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lind, Mari (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160404123803/http://www.tampere.fi/liitteet/t/bV6J59ALc/Tampereen_tarina.pdf">Tampereen tarina</a> (PDF) (in Finnish). <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-951-609-783-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-951-609-783-4"><bdi>978-951-609-783-4</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/liitteet/t/bV6J59ALc/Tampereen_tarina.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 4 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tampereen+tarina&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=978-951-609-783-4&rft.aulast=Lind&rft.aufirst=Mari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fliitteet%2Ft%2FbV6J59ALc%2FTampereen_tarina.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pirkankylat-56"><a href="#cite_ref-pirkankylat_56-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pirkankylat.fi/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Pirkanmaa-kulttuurialueena-Juha-Kuisma-2020.pdf">"Pirkanmaa kulttuurialueena"</a> (PDF) (in Finnish). Pirkan Kylät ry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200927183913/https://www.pirkankylat.fi/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Pirkanmaa-kulttuurialueena-Juha-Kuisma-2020.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 27 September 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pirkanmaa+kulttuurialueena&rft.pub=Pirkan+Kyl%C3%A4t+ry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pirkankylat.fi%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F04%2FPirkanmaa-kulttuurialueena-Juha-Kuisma-2020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sinisalo-57"><a href="#cite_ref-sinisalo_57-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSinisalo1947" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Sinisalo, Uuno (1947). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GzuUGwAACAAJ">"Tampereen kirja"</a>. Tampere-Seuran Julkaisuja (in Finnish). Tampere-Seura. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0356-987X">0356-987X</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tampere-Seuran+Julkaisuja&rft.atitle=Tampereen+kirja&rft.date=1947&rft.issn=0356-987X&rft.aulast=Sinisalo&rft.aufirst=Uuno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGzuUGwAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-louhivaara-58">^ <a href="#cite_ref-louhivaara_58-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-louhivaara_58-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMaija_Louhivaara1999" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Maija Louhivaara (1999). Tampereen kadunnimet (in Finnish). Tampere: Tampereen museot. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/951-609-105-9" title="Special:BookSources/951-609-105-9"><bdi>951-609-105-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tampereen+kadunnimet&rft.place=Tampere&rft.pub=Tampereen+museot&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=951-609-105-9&rft.au=Maija+Louhivaara&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pirkanmaa_teollistuminen-59"><a href="#cite_ref-pirkanmaa_teollistuminen_59-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200916195057/https://www.pirkanmaa.fi/tutki/pirkanmaa-perustietoa/pirkanmaan-historiaa/teollistumisen-varhaisvaiheet/">"Teollistumisen varhaisvaiheet"</a>. Pirkanmaa (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pirkanmaa.fi/tutki/pirkanmaa-perustietoa/pirkanmaan-historiaa/teollistumisen-varhaisvaiheet/">the original</a> on 16 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pirkanmaa&rft.atitle=Teollistumisen+varhaisvaiheet&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pirkanmaa.fi%2Ftutki%2Fpirkanmaa-perustietoa%2Fpirkanmaan-historiaa%2Fteollistumisen-varhaisvaiheet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-rasila-60"><a href="#cite_ref-rasila_60-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRasila1985" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rasila, Viljo (1985). Pirkanmaan synty (in Finnish). Tampereen historiallinen seura. pp. 6–25.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pirkanmaan+synty&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E6-%3C%2Fspan%3E25&rft.pub=Tampereen+historiallinen+seura&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Rasila&rft.aufirst=Viljo&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ylioppilasmatrikkeli_edner-61"><a href="#cite_ref-ylioppilasmatrikkeli_edner_61-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKotivuori2005" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kotivuori, Yrjö (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304223035/http://www.helsinki.fi/ylioppilasmatrikkeli/henkilo.php?id=6269">"Ylioppilasmatrikkeli 1640–1852: Erik Edner"</a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Helsinki" title="University of Helsinki">University of Helsinki</a> (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.helsinki.fi/ylioppilasmatrikkeli/henkilo.php?id=6269">the original</a> on 4 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=University+of+Helsinki&rft.atitle=Ylioppilasmatrikkeli+1640%E2%80%931852%3A+Erik+Edner&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Kotivuori&rft.aufirst=Yrj%C3%B6&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.helsinki.fi%2Fylioppilasmatrikkeli%2Fhenkilo.php%3Fid%3D6269&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-uola-62"><a href="#cite_ref-uola_62-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUola1978" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Uola, Mikko (1978). Mitä Missä Milloin 1979 (in Finnish). <a href="/wiki/Otava_(publisher)" title="Otava (publisher)">Otava</a>. p. 198. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/951-1-04873-2" title="Special:BookSources/951-1-04873-2"><bdi>951-1-04873-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Mit%C3%A4+Miss%C3%A4+Milloin+1979&rft.pages=198&rft.pub=Otava&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=951-1-04873-2&rft.aulast=Uola&rft.aufirst=Mikko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_history-64"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_history_64-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091228062929/http://www.tampere.fi/english/tampereinbrief/history/index.html">"The City of Tampere – Tampere in brief – History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/english/tampereinbrief/history/index.html">the original</a> on 28 December 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+City+of+Tampere+%E2%80%93+Tampere+in+brief+%E2%80%93+History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fenglish%2Ftampereinbrief%2Fhistory%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-spottinghistory-65">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spottinghistory_65-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-spottinghistory_65-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-spottinghistory_65-2">c</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spottinghistory.com/view/145/tampere-city-hall/">"Tampere City Hall"</a>. spottinghistory.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211217044421/https://www.spottinghistory.com/view/145/tampere-city-hall/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 December 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=spottinghistory.com&rft.atitle=Tampere+City+Hall&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spottinghistory.com%2Fview%2F145%2Ftampere-city-hall%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-symington-66"><a href="#cite_ref-symington_66-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSymingtonDunford2009" class="citation book cs1">Symington, Andy; Dunford, George (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=SNatbAr2SFgC&pg=PA224">Finland</a>. <a href="/wiki/Lonely_Planet" title="Lonely Planet">Lonely Planet</a>. pp. 224–225. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-74104-771-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-74104-771-4"><bdi>978-1-74104-771-4</bdi></a>. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Finland&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E224-%3C%2Fspan%3E225&rft.pub=Lonely+Planet&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-74104-771-4&rft.aulast=Symington&rft.aufirst=Andy&rft.au=Dunford%2C+George&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSNatbAr2SFgC%26pg%3DPA224&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-innovationcapital-67"><a href="#cite_ref-innovationcapital_67-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKautonen2015" class="citation web cs1">Kautonen, Mika (18 November 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211209035220/http://innovationcapital.fi/innovation-story/a-history-of-continuous-change-and-innovation">"A history of continuous change and innovation"</a>. Smart Tampere Ecosystem. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://innovationcapital.fi/innovation-story/a-history-of-continuous-change-and-innovation">the original</a> on 9 December 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smart+Tampere+Ecosystem&rft.atitle=A+history+of+continuous+change+and+innovation&rft.date=2015-11-18&rft.aulast=Kautonen&rft.aufirst=Mika&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finnovationcapital.fi%2Finnovation-story%2Fa-history-of-continuous-change-and-innovation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tekniikkatalous_2021-12-07-68"><a href="#cite_ref-tekniikkatalous_2021-12-07_68-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20250119091652/https://www.tekniikkatalous.fi/uutiset/pohjoismaiden-ensimmainen-sahkovalo-syttyi-tampereella-1882-eika-moni-ollut-uskoa-silmiaan/2c2fccb3-0644-4740-9ca7-716d9a122faeA">"Pohjoismaiden ensimmäinen sähkövalo syttyi Tampereella 1882, eikä moni ollut uskoa silmiään"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tekniikka%26Talous" title="Tekniikka&Talous">Tekniikka&Talous</a> (in Finnish). 7 December 2021. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tekniikkatalous.fi/uutiset/pohjoismaiden-ensimmainen-sahkovalo-syttyi-tampereella-1882-eika-moni-ollut-uskoa-silmiaan/2c2fccb3-0644-4740-9ca7-716d9a122faeA">the original</a> on 19 January 2025.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tekniikka%26Talous&rft.atitle=Pohjoismaiden+ensimm%C3%A4inen+s%C3%A4hk%C3%B6valo+syttyi+Tampereella+1882%2C+eik%C3%A4+moni+ollut+uskoa+silmi%C3%A4%C3%A4n&rft.date=2021-12-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tekniikkatalous.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fpohjoismaiden-ensimmainen-sahkovalo-syttyi-tampereella-1882-eika-moni-ollut-uskoa-silmiaan%2F2c2fccb3-0644-4740-9ca7-716d9a122faeA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-suolahti-69"><a href="#cite_ref-suolahti_69-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSuolahti1936" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Suolahti, Gunnar W. (1936). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=61yXQgAACAAJ">Suomen kulttuurihistoria 4</a> (in Finnish). Gummerus.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Suomen+kulttuurihistoria+4&rft.pub=Gummerus&rft.date=1936&rft.aulast=Suolahti&rft.aufirst=Gunnar+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D61yXQgAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hs_2021-06-24-70">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hs_2021-06-24_70-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-hs_2021-06-24_70-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTikkanen2013" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tikkanen, Johanna (22 November 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000002690780.html">"Nokian juuret ovat Tammerkosken rannalla"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Helsingin_Sanomat" title="Helsingin Sanomat">Helsingin Sanomat</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624200547/https://www.hs.fi/kaupunki/art-2000002690780.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 June 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Helsingin+Sanomat&rft.atitle=Nokian+juuret+ovat+Tammerkosken+rannalla&rft.date=2013-11-22&rft.aulast=Tikkanen&rft.aufirst=Johanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hs.fi%2Fkaupunki%2Fart-2000002690780.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-palonen-71"><a href="#cite_ref-palonen_71-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPalonen" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Palonen, Osmo. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180604135051/http://www15.uta.fi/koskivoimaa/vuodet/1905/1905b.htm">"Lenin ja Stalin kohtaavat - myyttejä ja historiaa"</a>. uta.fi (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www15.uta.fi/koskivoimaa/vuodet/1905/1905b.htm">the original</a> on 4 June 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=uta.fi&rft.atitle=Lenin+ja+Stalin+kohtaavat+-+myyttej%C3%A4+ja+historiaa&rft.aulast=Palonen&rft.aufirst=Osmo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww15.uta.fi%2Fkoskivoimaa%2Fvuodet%2F1905%2F1905b.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-brackman-72"><a href="#cite_ref-brackman_72-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBrackman2001" class="citation book cs1">Brackman, Roman (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zQL8POkFGIQC">The Secret File of Joseph Stalin: A Hidden Life</a>. Psychology Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780714650500" title="Special:BookSources/9780714650500"><bdi>9780714650500</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Secret+File+of+Joseph+Stalin%3A+A+Hidden+Life&rft.pub=Psychology+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=9780714650500&rft.aulast=Brackman&rft.aufirst=Roman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzQL8POkFGIQC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kaunonen-73"><a href="#cite_ref-kaunonen_73-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKaunonen2010" class="citation book cs1">Kaunonen, Gary (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Xp9DBAAAQBAJ&pg=PT22">Challenge Accepted: A Finnish Immigrant Response to Industrial America in Michigan's Copper Country</a>. MSU Press. p. 22. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-62895-154-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-62895-154-7"><bdi>978-1-62895-154-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Challenge+Accepted%3A+A+Finnish+Immigrant+Response+to+Industrial+America+in+Michigan%27s+Copper+Country&rft.pages=22&rft.pub=MSU+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-62895-154-7&rft.aulast=Kaunonen&rft.aufirst=Gary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXp9DBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-voionmaa-74"><a href="#cite_ref-voionmaa_74-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVoionmaa1929" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Voionmaa, Väinö (1929). Tampereen historia 2 (in Finnish). City of Tampere.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tampereen+historia+2&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft.date=1929&rft.aulast=Voionmaa&rft.aufirst=V%C3%A4in%C3%B6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tepora-75"><a href="#cite_ref-tepora_75-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTeporaRoselius2014" class="citation book cs1">Tepora, Tuomas; Roselius, Aapo, eds. (14 August 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2xCJBAAAQBAJ&pg=PA100">The Finnish Civil War 1918: History, Memory, Legacy</a>. <a href="/wiki/Brill_Publishers" title="Brill Publishers">Brill Publishers</a>. p. 100. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-90-04-28071-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-90-04-28071-7"><bdi>978-90-04-28071-7</bdi></a>. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Finnish+Civil+War+1918%3A+History%2C+Memory%2C+Legacy&rft.pages=100&rft.pub=Brill+Publishers&rft.date=2014-08-14&rft.isbn=978-90-04-28071-7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2xCJBAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA100&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-norum-76"><a href="#cite_ref-norum_76-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNorum2010" class="citation book cs1">Norum, Roger (1 June 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2jz7B4Pd0ngC&pg=PT438">The Rough Guide to Finland</a>. Rough Guides. p. 438. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84836-969-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84836-969-6"><bdi>978-1-84836-969-6</bdi></a>. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Rough+Guide+to+Finland&rft.pages=438&rft.pub=Rough+Guides&rft.date=2010-06-01&rft.isbn=978-1-84836-969-6&rft.aulast=Norum&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2jz7B4Pd0ngC%26pg%3DPT438&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-lammi-77"><a href="#cite_ref-lammi_77-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLammi1990" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lammi, Esko (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fVApAAAACAAJ">Talvisodan Tampere</a> (in Finnish). Häijää Invest. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789529017072" title="Special:BookSources/9789529017072"><bdi>9789529017072</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Talvisodan+Tampere&rft.pub=H%C3%A4ij%C3%A4%C3%A4+Invest&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9789529017072&rft.aulast=Lammi&rft.aufirst=Esko&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfVApAAAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-juonala-78"><a href="#cite_ref-juonala_78-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJuonala2019" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Juonala, Jouko (2019). "Ilmahälytys!". Talvisota: Ilta-Sanomien erikoislehti (in Finnish). Sanoma Media Finland Oy.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talvisota%3A+Ilta-Sanomien+erikoislehti&rft.atitle=Ilmah%C3%A4lytys%21&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Juonala&rft.aufirst=Jouko&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ekman-79"><a href="#cite_ref-ekman_79-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEkmanGustavsenAsheimPålshaugen2010" class="citation book cs1">Ekman, Marianne; Gustavsen, Björn; Asheim, Bjorn Terje; Pålshaugen, Öyvind (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=yWxaFCIth-4C">Learning Regional Innovation: Scandinavian Models</a>. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 174. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780230304154" title="Special:BookSources/9780230304154"><bdi>9780230304154</bdi></a>. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Learning+Regional+Innovation%3A+Scandinavian+Models&rft.pages=174&rft.pub=Palgrave+Macmillan&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9780230304154&rft.aulast=Ekman&rft.aufirst=Marianne&rft.au=Gustavsen%2C+Bj%C3%B6rn&rft.au=Asheim%2C+Bjorn+Terje&rft.au=P%C3%A5lshaugen%2C+%C3%96yvind&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DyWxaFCIth-4C&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-antila-80"><a href="#cite_ref-antila_80-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLindAntilaLiuttunen2011" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lind, Mari; Antila, Kimmo; Liuttunen, Antti (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=IBaimAEACAAJ">Tammerkoski ja kosken kaupunki</a> (in Finnish). Tampere: Tampereen museot. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789516094949" title="Special:BookSources/9789516094949"><bdi>9789516094949</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tammerkoski+ja+kosken+kaupunki&rft.place=Tampere&rft.pub=Tampereen+museot&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9789516094949&rft.aulast=Lind&rft.aufirst=Mari&rft.au=Antila%2C+Kimmo&rft.au=Liuttunen%2C+Antti&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DIBaimAEACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-technopolis-81"><a href="#cite_ref-technopolis_81-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://technopolisglobal.com/fi/toimitilat/tampere/hermia/">"Vapaat toimitilat Hermia"</a>. Technopolis (in Finnish). 9 September 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210520122831/https://technopolisglobal.com/fi/toimitilat/tampere/hermia/">Archived</a> from the original on 20 May 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Technopolis&rft.atitle=Vapaat+toimitilat+Hermia&rft.date=2020-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftechnopolisglobal.com%2Ffi%2Ftoimitilat%2Ftampere%2Fhermia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampereen-82"><a href="#cite_ref-tampereen_82-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.matchoffice.fi/vuokraus/toimitilat/tampere">"Toimitilat Tampereen"</a>. 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Business Tampere (in Finnish). 6 September 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428150007/https://businesstampere.com/fi/tampere-pirkkala-tarkea-kentta-loistava-sijainti/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Tampere&rft.atitle=Tampere-Pirkkala%3A+t%C3%A4rke%C3%A4+kentt%C3%A4%2C+loistava+sijainti&rft.date=2019-09-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbusinesstampere.com%2Ffi%2Ftampere-pirkkala-tarkea-kentta-loistava-sijainti%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-aamulehti_2018-05-17-87">^ <a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2018-05-17_87-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2018-05-17_87-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRepo2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Repo, Toni (17 May 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aamulehti.fi/uutiset/art-2000007300435.html">"Pääsy kielletty: Tältä näyttää Tampere-Pirkkalan lennonjohtotornissa – 156 askelmaa johdattaa ainutlaatuisen maiseman äärelle"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aamulehti" title="Aamulehti">Aamulehti</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428150005/https://www.aamulehti.fi/uutiset/art-2000007300435.html">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aamulehti&rft.atitle=P%C3%A4%C3%A4sy+kielletty%3A+T%C3%A4lt%C3%A4+n%C3%A4ytt%C3%A4%C3%A4+Tampere-Pirkkalan+lennonjohtotornissa+%E2%80%93+156+askelmaa+johdattaa+ainutlaatuisen+maiseman+%C3%A4%C3%A4relle&rft.date=2018-05-17&rft.aulast=Repo&rft.aufirst=Toni&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aamulehti.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fart-2000007300435.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-uusiteknologia-88"><a href="#cite_ref-uusiteknologia_88-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.uusiteknologia.fi/2020/07/02/nokia-kannykoiden-tutkimuskeskus-tampereelle/">"Nokia-kännyköiden tutkimuskeskus Tampereelle"</a>. Uusi Teknologia (in Finnish). 2 July 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428152024/https://www.uusiteknologia.fi/2020/07/02/nokia-kannykoiden-tutkimuskeskus-tampereelle/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 April 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Uusi+Teknologia&rft.atitle=Nokia-k%C3%A4nnyk%C3%B6iden+tutkimuskeskus+Tampereelle&rft.date=2020-07-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.uusiteknologia.fi%2F2020%2F07%2F02%2Fnokia-kannykoiden-tutkimuskeskus-tampereelle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-paikkatietoikkuna-89"><a href="#cite_ref-paikkatietoikkuna_89-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kartta.paikkatietoikkuna.fi/?zoomLevel=4&coord=333084.02072232927_6831034.471158184&mapLayers=801+50+default,1487+100+default&uuid=90246d84-3958-fd8c-cb2c-2510cccca1d3&noSavedState=true&showIntro=false">"Paikkatietoikkuna"</a>. Paikkatietoikkuna.fi (in Finnish). maanmittauslaitos.fi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200605045911/https://kartta.paikkatietoikkuna.fi/?zoomLevel=4&coord=333084.02072232927_6831034.471158184&mapLayers=801+50+default%2C1487+100+default&uuid=90246d84-3958-fd8c-cb2c-2510cccca1d3&noSavedState=true&showIntro=false">Archived</a> from the original on 5 June 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Paikkatietoikkuna.fi&rft.atitle=Paikkatietoikkuna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkartta.paikkatietoikkuna.fi%2F%3FzoomLevel%3D4%26coord%3D333084.02072232927_6831034.471158184%26mapLayers%3D801%2B50%2Bdefault%2C1487%2B100%2Bdefault%26uuid%3D90246d84-3958-fd8c-cb2c-2510cccca1d3%26noSavedState%3Dtrue%26showIntro%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-palomaki-90">^ <a href="#cite_ref-palomaki_90-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-palomaki_90-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPalomäki" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Palomäki, Risto. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190905113714/https://www.tampere.fi/liitteet/5o2F1q9zz/jarvivesiraportti07.pdf">Tampereen kaupungin alueella sijaitsevien järvien kehitys ja niiden vedenlaatu 1990-2005</a> (PDF) (in Finnish). 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GTK (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130323012428/http://projects.gtk.fi/export/sites/projects/TAATA/kartoitus/liitteet/Taata_Tampereen_alueen_kalliopera.pdf">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 23 March 2013. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitfinland.com/travel-trade/newsletter/finlands-tallest-hotel-can-now-found-tampere/">the original</a> on 29 September 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Finland%27s+tallest+hotel+can+now+be+found+in+Tampere&rft.pub=Visit+Finland&rft.date=2014-11-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitfinland.com%2Ftravel-trade%2Fnewsletter%2Ffinlands-tallest-hotel-can-now-found-tampere%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampereenkauppakamarilehti-117"><a href="#cite_ref-tampereenkauppakamarilehti_117-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampereenkauppakamarilehti.fi/uutispoyta/matkailu-tuo-euroja-ja-tyota-luultua-enemman-74">"Matkailu tuo euroja ja työtä luultua enemmän"</a>. Tampereen kauppakamarilehti (in Finnish). 28 May 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210827175446/https://www.tampereenkauppakamarilehti.fi/uutispoyta/matkailu-tuo-euroja-ja-tyota-luultua-enemman-74">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tampereen+kauppakamarilehti&rft.atitle=Matkailu+tuo+euroja+ja+ty%C3%B6t%C3%A4+luultua+enemm%C3%A4n&rft.date=2014-05-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampereenkauppakamarilehti.fi%2Fuutispoyta%2Fmatkailu-tuo-euroja-ja-tyota-luultua-enemman-74&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sarkanniemi-118"><a href="#cite_ref-sarkanniemi_118-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150806022341/http://www.sarkanniemi.fi/sarkanniemi-yrityksena/">"Särkänniemi yrityksenä"</a>. sarkanniemi.fi (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sarkanniemi.fi/sarkanniemi-yrityksena/">the original</a> on 6 August 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sarkanniemi.fi&rft.atitle=S%C3%A4rk%C3%A4nniemi+yrityksen%C3%A4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sarkanniemi.fi%2Fsarkanniemi-yrityksena%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampereenseudunvetovoima-119"><a href="#cite_ref-tampereenseudunvetovoima_119-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161106060816/https://tampereenseudunvetovoima.fi/uutiset/uusi-ennatys-on-1-021-200">"Uusi ennätys on 1 021 151!"</a>. Tampereenseudunvetovoima.fi (in Finnish). 19 February 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tampereenseudunvetovoima.fi/uutiset/uusi-ennatys-on-1-021-200">the original</a> on 6 November 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tampereenseudunvetovoima.fi&rft.atitle=Uusi+enn%C3%A4tys+on+1+021+151%21&rft.date=2016-02-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftampereenseudunvetovoima.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fuusi-ennatys-on-1-021-200&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_tilinpaatos_2015-120"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_tilinpaatos_2015_120-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201017040658/https://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/t/J3q1ImhID/Tilinpaatos_2015_kv_16.05.2016.pdf">"Tilinpäätös 2015"</a> (PDF) (in Finnish). City of Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/t/J3q1ImhID/Tilinpaatos_2015_kv_16.05.2016.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 17 October 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tilinp%C3%A4%C3%A4t%C3%B6s+2015&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftiedostot%2Ft%2FJ3q1ImhID%2FTilinpaatos_2015_kv_16.05.2016.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-aamulehti_2020-10-14-121"><a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2020-10-14_121-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161027174805/http://www.aamulehti.fi/kotimaa/tampereen-vuoden-2017-budjettiesitys-on-julki-nain-kay-verojen-ja-maksujen">"Tampereen vuoden 2017 budjettiesitys on julki: Näin käy verojen ja maksujen"</a> (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aamulehti.fi/kotimaa/tampereen-vuoden-2017-budjettiesitys-on-julki-nain-kay-verojen-ja-maksujen/">the original</a> on 27 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Tampereen+vuoden+2017+budjettiesitys+on+julki%3A+N%C3%A4in+k%C3%A4y+verojen+ja+maksujen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aamulehti.fi%2Fkotimaa%2Ftampereen-vuoden-2017-budjettiesitys-on-julki-nain-kay-verojen-ja-maksujen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_talousarvio_2016-122"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_talousarvio_2016_122-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200922004457/https://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/t/pERp0ck8B/ta2016-esittelymateriaali.pdf">"Talousarvio 2016"</a> (PDF) (in Finnish). City of Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/t/pERp0ck8B/ta2016-esittelymateriaali.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 22 September 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Talousarvio+2016&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftiedostot%2Ft%2FpERp0ck8B%2Fta2016-esittelymateriaali.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kauppalehti_2016-05-26-123"><a href="#cite_ref-kauppalehti_2016-05-26_123-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKorhonen2016" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Korhonen, Antti (26 May 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kauppalehti.fi/uutiset/kasvava-tyottomyys-alentaa-tampereen-verotuottoja/tAmtsJLg">"Kasvava työttömyys alentaa Tampereen verotuottoja"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kauppalehti" title="Kauppalehti">Kauppalehti</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161026080146/http://www.kauppalehti.fi/uutiset/kasvava-tyottomyys-alentaa-tampereen-verotuottoja/tAmtsJLg">Archived</a> from the original on 26 October 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kauppalehti&rft.atitle=Kasvava+ty%C3%B6tt%C3%B6myys+alentaa+Tampereen+verotuottoja&rft.date=2016-05-26&rft.aulast=Korhonen&rft.aufirst=Antti&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kauppalehti.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fkasvava-tyottomyys-alentaa-tampereen-verotuottoja%2FtAmtsJLg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-stv1940-124"><a href="#cite_ref-stv1940_124-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/69230">"Suomen tilastollinen vuosikirja 1940"</a> (in Finnish). Tilastollinen päätoimisto. 1941. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231116213444/https://www.doria.fi/handle/10024/69230">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Suomen+tilastollinen+vuosikirja+1940&rft.pub=Tilastollinen+p%C3%A4%C3%A4toimisto&rft.date=1941&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.doria.fi%2Fhandle%2F10024%2F69230&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons-125">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons_125-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons_125-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons_125-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stat-finland-population-38,000-persons_125-3">d</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.fi/en/publication/cl8lprraorrr20dut5a0tywm5">"Number of foreign-language speakers grew by nearly 38,000 persons"</a>. Statistics Finland. 31 May 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230907001445/https://stat.fi/en/publication/cl8lprraorrr20dut5a0tywm5">Archived</a> from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Number+of+foreign-language+speakers+grew+by+nearly+38%2C000+persons&rft.pub=Statistics+Finland&rft.date=2023-05-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.fi%2Fen%2Fpublication%2Fcl8lprraorrr20dut5a0tywm5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-statistics-finland-population-2023-final-126">^ <a href="#cite_ref-statistics-finland-population-2023-final_126-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-statistics-finland-population-2023-final_126-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-statistics-finland-population-2023-final_126-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-statistics-finland-population-2023-final_126-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-statistics-finland-population-2023-final_126-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.fi/en/publication/cln1i2dtgwknt0cut9yem67se">"Population growth biggest in nearly 70 years"</a>. Population structure. Statistics Finland. 26 April 2024. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1797-5395">1797-5395</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231108055049/https://stat.fi/en/publication/cln1i2dtgwknt0cut9yem67se">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 29 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+growth+biggest+in+nearly+70+years&rft.series=Population+structure&rft.pub=Statistics+Finland&rft.date=2024-04-26&rft.issn=1797-5395&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.fi%2Fen%2Fpublication%2Fcln1i2dtgwknt0cut9yem67se&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_tietoa-127"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_tietoa_127-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210603025336/https://www.tampere.fi/tampereen-kaupunki/tietoa-tampereesta.html">"Tietoa Tampereesta"</a> (in Finnish). City of Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/tampereen-kaupunki/tietoa-tampereesta.html">the original</a> on 3 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tietoa+Tampereesta&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftampereen-kaupunki%2Ftietoa-tampereesta.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_asuntokanta-128"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_asuntokanta_128-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKammonen2019" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kammonen, Kaisu (14 November 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220310201431/https://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/t/wGqW9yEuh/Julkinen_Tampereen_asuntokanta_ja_asuntorakentamisen_nakymat.pdf">"Tampereen asuntokanta ja asuntorakentamisen näkymät"</a> (PDF) (in Finnish). City of Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/t/wGqW9yEuh/Julkinen_Tampereen_asuntokanta_ja_asuntorakentamisen_nakymat.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 10 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampereen+asuntokanta+ja+asuntorakentamisen+n%C3%A4kym%C3%A4t&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft.date=2019-11-14&rft.aulast=Kammonen&rft.aufirst=Kaisu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftiedostot%2Ft%2FwGqW9yEuh%2FJulkinen_Tampereen_asuntokanta_ja_asuntorakentamisen_nakymat.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_kaupunkiymparisto-129"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_kaupunkiymparisto_129-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190901020211/https://www.tampere.fi/tampereen-kaupunki/tietoa-tampereesta/tietonakoala/kaupunkiymparisto.html">"Kaupunkiympäristö"</a> (in Finnish). City of Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/tampereen-kaupunki/tietoa-tampereesta/tietonakoala/kaupunkiymparisto.html">the original</a> on 1 September 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kaupunkiymp%C3%A4rist%C3%B6&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftampereen-kaupunki%2Ftietoa-tampereesta%2Ftietonakoala%2Fkaupunkiymparisto.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-talouselama_2021-12-29-130"><a href="#cite_ref-talouselama_2021-12-29_130-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKempas2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Kempas, Karla (29 December 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.talouselama.fi/uutiset/nurmijarvi-on-passe-nyt-jyllaa-tampere-ilmio-siedettavat-hinnat-houkuttelevat-suomen-goteborgiin/ca7cf43a-03db-4ba6-ba47-0e7f821dead0">"Nurmijärvi on passé, nyt jyllää Tampere-ilmiö – Siedettävät hinnat houkuttelevat "Suomen Göteborgiin""</a>. <a href="/wiki/Talousel%C3%A4m%C3%A4" title="Talouselämä">Talouselämä</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211230030900/https://www.talouselama.fi/uutiset/nurmijarvi-on-passe-nyt-jyllaa-tampere-ilmio-siedettavat-hinnat-houkuttelevat-suomen-goteborgiin/ca7cf43a-03db-4ba6-ba47-0e7f821dead0">Archived</a> from the original on 30 December 2021. Retrieved 30 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Talousel%C3%A4m%C3%A4&rft.atitle=Nurmij%C3%A4rvi+on+pass%C3%A9%2C+nyt+jyll%C3%A4%C3%A4+Tampere-ilmi%C3%B6+%E2%80%93+Siedett%C3%A4v%C3%A4t+hinnat+houkuttelevat+%22Suomen+G%C3%B6teborgiin%22&rft.date=2021-12-29&rft.aulast=Kempas&rft.aufirst=Karla&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.talouselama.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fnurmijarvi-on-passe-nyt-jyllaa-tampere-ilmio-siedettavat-hinnat-houkuttelevat-suomen-goteborgiin%2Fca7cf43a-03db-4ba6-ba47-0e7f821dead0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tamperelainen_2018-04-14-131"><a href="#cite_ref-tamperelainen_2018-04-14_131-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMäkinen2011" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mäkinen, Petteri (10 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180414234506/https://www.tamperelainen.fi/artikkeli/44455-vaalitulos-toi-poreita-tampereen-ankkalammikkoon">"Vaalitulos toi poreita Tampereen ankkalammikkoon"</a>. Tamperelainen (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tamperelainen.fi/artikkeli/44455-vaalitulos-toi-poreita-tampereen-ankkalammikkoon">the original</a> on 14 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Tamperelainen&rft.atitle=Vaalitulos+toi+poreita+Tampereen+ankkalammikkoon&rft.date=2011-05-10&rft.aulast=M%C3%A4kinen&rft.aufirst=Petteri&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tamperelainen.fi%2Fartikkeli%2F44455-vaalitulos-toi-poreita-tampereen-ankkalammikkoon&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-statistics-finland-persons-with-foreign-background-132"><a href="#cite_ref-statistics-finland-persons-with-foreign-background_132-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210105084300/https://www.stat.fi/tup/maahanmuutto/maahanmuuttajat-vaestossa/ulkomaalaistaustaiset_en.html">"Persons with foreign background"</a>. Statistics Finland. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stat.fi/tup/maahanmuutto/maahanmuuttajat-vaestossa/ulkomaalaistaustaiset_en.html">the original</a> on 5 January 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Persons+with+foreign+background&rft.pub=Statistics+Finland&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stat.fi%2Ftup%2Fmaahanmuutto%2Fmaahanmuuttajat-vaestossa%2Fulkomaalaistaustaiset_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stat-finland-population-2022-134"><a href="#cite_ref-Stat-finland-population-2022_134-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://stat.fi/en/publication/cl8lphfzbrm4j0cw1b5wyor1h">"Population structure 2000-2022, urban-rural classification"</a>. Statistics Finland. 26 May 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230609223540/https://stat.fi/en/publication/cl8lphfzbrm4j0cw1b5wyor1h">Archived</a> from the original on 9 June 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+structure+2000-2022%2C+urban-rural+classification&rft.pub=Statistics+Finland&rft.date=2023-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstat.fi%2Fen%2Fpublication%2Fcl8lphfzbrm4j0cw1b5wyor1h&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-statistics_finland_urbanization_2019-135"><a href="#cite_ref-statistics_finland_urbanization_2019_135-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210429092358/https://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11s6.px/">"Taajama-aste alueittain, 2019"</a>. StatFin (in Finnish). <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Finland" title="Statistics Finland">Statistics Finland</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11s6.px/">the original</a> on 29 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=StatFin&rft.atitle=Taajama-aste+alueittain%2C+2019&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpxnet2.stat.fi%2FPXWeb%2Fpxweb%2Ffi%2FStatFin%2FStatFin__vrm__vaerak%2Fstatfin_vaerak_pxt_11s6.px%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-statistics_finland_population_2019-136"><a href="#cite_ref-statistics_finland_population_2019_136-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210428214238/https://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11s7.px/">"Population in the urban and sparsely areas in term of age and gender, 2019"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Statistics_Finland" title="Statistics Finland">Statistics Finland</a>. 31 December 2019. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11s7.px/">the original</a> on 28 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Population+in+the+urban+and+sparsely+areas+in+term+of+age+and+gender%2C+2019&rft.pub=Statistics+Finland&rft.date=2019-12-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fpxnet2.stat.fi%2FPXWeb%2Fpxweb%2Ffi%2FStatFin%2FStatFin__vrm__vaerak%2Fstatfin_vaerak_pxt_11s7.px%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pxdata.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/en/StatFin/StatFin__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11ra.px">Key figures on population by region, 1990-2023</a> Statistics Finland </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_vieraskielinen_perusopetus-138"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_vieraskielinen_perusopetus_138-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190831184516/https://www.tampere.fi/varhaiskasvatus-ja-koulutus/esiopetus-ja-perusopetus/kaksikielinen-esi-ja-perusopetus.html">"Kaksikielinen esi- ja perusopetus"</a>. tampere.fi (in Finnish). 15 October 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/varhaiskasvatus-ja-koulutus/esiopetus-ja-perusopetus/kaksikielinen-esi-ja-perusopetus.html">the original</a> on 31 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tampere.fi&rft.atitle=Kaksikielinen+esi-+ja+perusopetus&rft.date=2015-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fvarhaiskasvatus-ja-koulutus%2Fesiopetus-ja-perusopetus%2Fkaksikielinen-esi-ja-perusopetus.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-samskolan-139"><a href="#cite_ref-samskolan_139-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.samskolan.fi/index.html">"Samskolan"</a>. samskolan.fi (in Swedish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191008164323/http://www.samskolan.fi/index.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 October 2019. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=samskolan.fi&rft.atitle=Samskolan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.samskolan.fi%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tamk-140"><a href="#cite_ref-tamk_140-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100121145125/http://www.tamk.fi/cms/tamken.nsf/$all/DD54E6FCC996B233C225759000250591">"TAMK"</a>. tamk.fi (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tamk.fi/cms/tamken.nsf/$all/DD54E6FCC996B233C225759000250591">the original</a> on 21 January 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tamk.fi&rft.atitle=TAMK&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tamk.fi%2Fcms%2Ftamken.nsf%2F%24all%2FDD54E6FCC996B233C225759000250591&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tuni-141"><a href="#cite_ref-tuni_141-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tuni.fi/en/news/together-we-are-greater">"Together we are greater"</a>. tuni.fi. <a href="/wiki/Tampere_University" title="Tampere University">Tampere University</a>. 13 December 2018. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200622122805/https://www.tuni.fi/en/news/together-we-are-greater">Archived</a> from the original on 22 June 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tuni.fi&rft.atitle=Together+we+are+greater&rft.date=2018-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tuni.fi%2Fen%2Fnews%2Ftogether-we-are-greater&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere3-142"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere3_142-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171116190258/https://www.tampere3.fi/en/information">"Tampere3: A motor, developer and interpreter of an affluent society"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere3.fi/en/information">the original</a> on 16 November 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere3%3A+A+motor%2C+developer+and+interpreter+of+an+affluent+society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere3.fi%2Fen%2Finformation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-takriko-143"><a href="#cite_ref-takriko_143-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.takriko.fi/">"Tampereen kristillinen koulu"</a>. takriko.fi (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210709182106/https://www.takriko.fi/">Archived</a> from the original on 9 July 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=takriko.fi&rft.atitle=Tampereen+kristillinen+koulu&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.takriko.fi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_paiva_pahkinankuoressa-144"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_paiva_pahkinankuoressa_144-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAla-Honkola1999" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ala-Honkola, Tuula (22 September 1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210117041359/https://www.tampere.fi/liitteet/4QiE2hbUd/tiedote99.pdf">"Tampereen päivä pähkinänkuoressa"</a> (PDF) (in Finnish). Tampere: City of Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/liitteet/4QiE2hbUd/tiedote99.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 17 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampereen+p%C3%A4iv%C3%A4+p%C3%A4hkin%C3%A4nkuoressa&rft.place=Tampere&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft.date=1999-09-22&rft.aulast=Ala-Honkola&rft.aufirst=Tuula&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fliitteet%2F4QiE2hbUd%2Ftiedote99.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hs_2020-12-10-145"><a href="#cite_ref-hs_2020-12-10_145-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLehtinen2020" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lehtinen, Nina (10 December 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000007672870.html">"Kansainvälisesti kiinnostavaa Koskinen-rikosdraamaa kuvataan nyt "karuissa ja mielenkiintoisissa kohteissa" – Valokuvat näyttävät kuvausten rankan arjen"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Helsingin_Sanomat" title="Helsingin Sanomat">Helsingin Sanomat</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220620194219/https://www.hs.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000007672870.html">Archived</a> from the original on 20 June 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Helsingin+Sanomat&rft.atitle=Kansainv%C3%A4lisesti+kiinnostavaa+Koskinen-rikosdraamaa+kuvataan+nyt+%22karuissa+ja+mielenkiintoisissa+kohteissa%22+%E2%80%93+Valokuvat+n%C3%A4ytt%C3%A4v%C3%A4t+kuvausten+rankan+arjen&rft.date=2020-12-10&rft.aulast=Lehtinen&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hs.fi%2Fkulttuuri%2Fart-2000007672870.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-aamulehti_2021-11-26-146"><a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2021-11-26_146-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLehtinen2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lehtinen, Nina (26 November 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aamulehti.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000008430405.html">"Rikosdraama Koskinen saa paljasjalkaisen tamperelaisen punastumaan mielihyvästä – Katsoimme ennakkoon Tampereen seudulla kuvatun uutuussarjan, näitä paikkoja siitä voi bongata"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aamulehti" title="Aamulehti">Aamulehti</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220818163403/https://www.aamulehti.fi/kulttuuri/art-2000008430405.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 August 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aamulehti&rft.atitle=Rikosdraama+Koskinen+saa+paljasjalkaisen+tamperelaisen+punastumaan+mielihyv%C3%A4st%C3%A4+%E2%80%93+Katsoimme+ennakkoon+Tampereen+seudulla+kuvatun+uutuussarjan%2C+n%C3%A4it%C3%A4+paikkoja+siit%C3%A4+voi+bongata&rft.date=2021-11-26&rft.aulast=Lehtinen&rft.aufirst=Nina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aamulehti.fi%2Fkulttuuri%2Fart-2000008430405.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-visittampere_film_festival-147"><a href="#cite_ref-visittampere_film_festival_147-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210517083342/https://visittampere.fi/en/events/tampere-film-festival/">"Tampere Film Festival"</a>. Visit Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visittampere.fi/en/events/tampere-film-festival/">the original</a> on 17 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere+Film+Festival&rft.pub=Visit+Tampere&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisittampere.fi%2Fen%2Fevents%2Ftampere-film-festival%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-148"><a href="#cite_ref-148">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRehnström2015" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Rehnström, Henri Waltter (22 August 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hs.fi/radiotelevisio/art-2000002846675.html">"Bob Hoskins korjasi putkia Teiskossa"</a> [Bob Hoskins repaired pipes in Teisko]. <a href="/wiki/Yle" title="Yle">Yle</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221217103540/https://www.hs.fi/radiotelevisio/art-2000002846675.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 December 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yle&rft.atitle=Bob+Hoskins+korjasi+putkia+Teiskossa&rft.date=2015-08-22&rft.aulast=Rehnstr%C3%B6m&rft.aufirst=Henri+Waltter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hs.fi%2Fradiotelevisio%2Fart-2000002846675.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-149"><a href="#cite_ref-149">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKay2020" class="citation web cs1">Kay, Jeremy (21 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.screendaily.com/news/karen-gillan-sci-fi-dual-starts-production-in-finland-with-aaron-paul-beulah-koale-exclusive/5154263.article">"Karen Gillan sci-fi 'Dual' starts production in Finland with Aaron Paul, Beulah Koale (exclusive)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Screen_Daily" class="mw-redirect" title="Screen Daily">Screen Daily</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201110072943/https://www.screendaily.com/news/karen-gillan-sci-fi-dual-starts-production-in-finland-with-aaron-paul-beulah-koale-exclusive/5154263.article">Archived</a> from the original on 10 November 2020. Retrieved 17 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Screen+Daily&rft.atitle=Karen+Gillan+sci-fi+%27Dual%27+starts+production+in+Finland+with+Aaron+Paul%2C+Beulah+Koale+%28exclusive%29&rft.date=2020-10-21&rft.aulast=Kay&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.screendaily.com%2Fnews%2Fkaren-gillan-sci-fi-dual-starts-production-in-finland-with-aaron-paul-beulah-koale-exclusive%2F5154263.article&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-150"><a href="#cite_ref-150">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVanzo2020" class="citation web cs1">Vanzo, Laura (26 October 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.goodnewsfinland.com/tampere-hosts-hollywood-production-dual/">"Tampere hosts Hollywood production"</a>. Good News from Finland. Finnfacts. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220927144541/https://www.goodnewsfinland.com/tampere-hosts-hollywood-production-dual/">Archived</a> from the original on 27 September 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Good+News+from+Finland&rft.atitle=Tampere+hosts+Hollywood+production&rft.date=2020-10-26&rft.aulast=Vanzo&rft.aufirst=Laura&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.goodnewsfinland.com%2Ftampere-hosts-hollywood-production-dual%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ainamo-151"><a href="#cite_ref-ainamo_151-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAntti_Ainamo2006" class="citation journal cs1">Antti Ainamo (May 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10227/397/HR%2cAinamo%2cTienari%26Vaara%2c2006.pdf?sequence=3">"Between West and East: A Social History of Business Journalism in Cold War Finland"</a> (PDF). Human Relations. 59 (5): 611–636. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0018726706066550">10.1177/0018726706066550</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/10227%2F397">10227/397</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:146337547">146337547</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150402132839/https://helda.helsinki.fi/bitstream/handle/10227/397/HR%2cAinamo%2cTienari%26Vaara%2c2006.pdf?sequence=3">Archived</a> (PDF) from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Human+Relations&rft.atitle=Between+West+and+East%3A+A+Social+History+of+Business+Journalism+in+Cold+War+Finland&rft.volume=59&rft.issue=5&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E611-%3C%2Fspan%3E636&rft.date=2006-05&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F10227%2F397&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A146337547%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1177%2F0018726706066550&rft.au=Antti+Ainamo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhelda.helsinki.fi%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F10227%2F397%2FHR%252cAinamo%252cTienari%2526Vaara%252c2006.pdf%3Fsequence%3D3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-almamedia-152"><a href="#cite_ref-almamedia_152-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20150309001417/http://www.almamedia.com/about-us/history/">"History"</a>. Alma Media. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.almamedia.com/about-us/history/">the original</a> on 9 March 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alma+Media&rft.atitle=History&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.almamedia.com%2Fabout-us%2Fhistory%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sanomalehdet-153"><a href="#cite_ref-sanomalehdet_153-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161028193918/http://www.sanomalehdet.fi/sanomalehtitieto/levikki">"Sanomalehtien levikkikehitys 2012–2014"</a> (in Finnish). Sanomalehtien Liitto. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sanomalehdet.fi/sanomalehtitieto/levikki">the original</a> on 28 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sanomalehtien+levikkikehitys+2012%E2%80%932014&rft.pub=Sanomalehtien+Liitto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sanomalehdet.fi%2Fsanomalehtitieto%2Flevikki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-heili-154"><a href="#cite_ref-heili_154-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210624201428/https://www.heili.fi/uutiset/item/2852-paras-verkkolehti-ja-finaalissa-myos-lehtikilpailussa">"Paras verkkolehti, ja finaalissa myös lehtikilpailussa"</a>. Karjalan Heili (in Finnish). 9 November 2016. 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Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Karjalan+Heili&rft.atitle=Paras+verkkolehti%2C+ja+finaalissa+my%C3%B6s+lehtikilpailussa&rft.date=2016-11-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.heili.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fitem%2F2852-paras-verkkolehti-ja-finaalissa-myos-lehtikilpailussa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-washingtonpost_2016-04-19-155"><a href="#cite_ref-washingtonpost_2016-04-19_155-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSensenig2016" class="citation news cs1">Sensenig, Kate (19 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/04/19/the-man-who-loves-to-crush-things-and-his-growing-audience-of-people-who-love-to-watch/">"Welcome to the 'Hydraulic Press' YouTube channel, a truly crushing experience"</a>. The Washington Post. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190322221345/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2016/04/19/the-man-who-loves-to-crush-things-and-his-growing-audience-of-people-who-love-to-watch/">Archived</a> from the original on 22 March 2019. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Welcome+to+the+%27Hydraulic+Press%27+YouTube+channel%2C+a+truly+crushing+experience&rft.date=2016-04-19&rft.aulast=Sensenig&rft.aufirst=Kate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fmorning-mix%2Fwp%2F2016%2F04%2F19%2Fthe-man-who-loves-to-crush-things-and-his-growing-audience-of-people-who-love-to-watch%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-156"><a href="#cite_ref-156">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEskelinen2011" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eskelinen, Päivi (19 May 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tut.fi/rajapinta/artikkelit/2011/3/vakavasti-mukana-pelibisneksessa">"Vakavasti mukana pelibisneksessä"</a> [Seriously in with the Games Business]. Rajapinta (in Finnish). 2011 (3). Tampere University of Technology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151122023605/http://www.tut.fi/rajapinta/artikkelit/2011/3/vakavasti-mukana-pelibisneksessa">Archived</a> from the original on 22 November 2015. Retrieved 21 November 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Rajapinta&rft.atitle=Vakavasti+mukana+pelibisneksess%C3%A4&rft.volume=2011&rft.issue=3&rft.date=2011-05-19&rft.aulast=Eskelinen&rft.aufirst=P%C3%A4ivi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tut.fi%2Frajapinta%2Fartikkelit%2F2011%2F3%2Fvakavasti-mukana-pelibisneksessa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yle_2012-08-10-157"><a href="#cite_ref-yle_2012-08-10_157-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVesanummi2012" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vesanummi, Mari (10 August 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-6249419">"Kastike koukuttaa kanansiipien kavereita"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210418113100/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-6249419">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Kastike+koukuttaa+kanansiipien+kavereita&rft.date=2012-08-10&rft.aulast=Vesanummi&rft.aufirst=Mari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2F3-6249419&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-helsinkitimes_2012_11_08-158"><a href="#cite_ref-helsinkitimes_2012_11_08_158-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAleksandrou2012" class="citation news cs1">Aleksandrou, Anna Maria (8 November 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.helsinkitimes.fi/eat-and-drink/4311-the-black-sausage-is-the-pride-of-tampere">"The black sausage is the pride of Tampere"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Times" title="Helsinki Times">Helsinki Times</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190516212654/http://www.helsinkitimes.fi/eat-and-drink/4311-the-black-sausage-is-the-pride-of-tampere">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2019. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Helsinki+Times&rft.atitle=The+black+sausage+is+the+pride+of+Tampere&rft.date=2012-11-08&rft.aulast=Aleksandrou&rft.aufirst=Anna+Maria&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.helsinkitimes.fi%2Feat-and-drink%2F4311-the-black-sausage-is-the-pride-of-tampere&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-visittampere_munkki-159"><a href="#cite_ref-visittampere_munkki_159-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStenroos2018" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Stenroos, Päivi (27 April 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191112235018/https://visittampere.fi/artikkelit/kun-pyynikilla-leivottiin-maailman-paras-munkki/">"Kun Pyynikillä leivottiin maailman paras munkki"</a> (in Finnish). Visit Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visittampere.fi/artikkelit/kun-pyynikilla-leivottiin-maailman-paras-munkki/">the original</a> on 12 November 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kun+Pyynikill%C3%A4+leivottiin+maailman+paras+munkki&rft.pub=Visit+Tampere&rft.date=2018-04-27&rft.aulast=Stenroos&rft.aufirst=P%C3%A4ivi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisittampere.fi%2Fartikkelit%2Fkun-pyynikilla-leivottiin-maailman-paras-munkki%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-linkosuon_kahvilat-160"><a href="#cite_ref-linkosuon_kahvilat_160-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150110001237/http://www.digipaper.fi/psviikkolehti/5280/index.php?pgnumb=22">"Linkosuon kahvilat 50 vuotta"</a>. Pirkanmaan Sanomat (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digipaper.fi/psviikkolehti/5280/index.php?pgnumb=22">the original</a> on 10 January 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pirkanmaan+Sanomat&rft.atitle=Linkosuon+kahvilat+50+vuotta&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digipaper.fi%2Fpsviikkolehti%2F5280%2Findex.php%3Fpgnumb%3D22&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vuosara-161"><a href="#cite_ref-vuosara_161-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVuosara2004" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Vuosara, Pekka (2004). Kantapöydässä (in Finnish). Linkosuo. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789529178698" title="Special:BookSources/9789529178698"><bdi>9789529178698</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kantap%C3%B6yd%C3%A4ss%C3%A4&rft.pub=Linkosuo&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9789529178698&rft.aulast=Vuosara&rft.aufirst=Pekka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kolmonen-162"><a href="#cite_ref-kolmonen_162-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJaakko_Kolmonen1988" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Jaakko Kolmonen (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uiW0twAACAAJ">Kotomaamme ruoka-aitta: Suomen, Karjalan ja Petsamon pitäjäruoat</a> (in Finnish). Patakolmonen Ky. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789519604749" title="Special:BookSources/9789519604749"><bdi>9789519604749</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kotomaamme+ruoka-aitta%3A+Suomen%2C+Karjalan+ja+Petsamon+pit%C3%A4j%C3%A4ruoat&rft.pub=Patakolmonen+Ky&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=9789519604749&rft.au=Jaakko+Kolmonen&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuiW0twAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kalatalo-163"><a href="#cite_ref-kalatalo_163-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kalatalo.fi/tampereen_kalamarkkinat/index_kalamarkkinat.htm">"Tampereen kalamarkkinat"</a>. kalatalo.fi (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220120083601/https://www.kalatalo.fi/tampereen_kalamarkkinat/index_kalamarkkinat.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 20 January 2022. Retrieved 17 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kalatalo.fi&rft.atitle=Tampereen+kalamarkkinat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kalatalo.fi%2Ftampereen_kalamarkkinat%2Findex_kalamarkkinat.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-visittampere_kalamarkkinat-164"><a href="#cite_ref-visittampere_kalamarkkinat_164-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220312154052/https://visittampere.fi/tapahtumat/tampereen-kalamarkkinat/">"Tampereen kalamarkkinat"</a> (in Finnish). Visit Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visittampere.fi/tapahtumat/tampereen-kalamarkkinat/">the original</a> on 12 March 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampereen+kalamarkkinat&rft.pub=Visit+Tampere&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisittampere.fi%2Ftapahtumat%2Ftampereen-kalamarkkinat%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yle_2007-05-29-165"><a href="#cite_ref-yle_2007-05-29_165-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-5788249">"Poko Rekords 30 vuotta -näyttely avautuu Tampereella"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a> (in Finnish). 29 May 2007. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210418140143/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-5788249">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Poko+Rekords+30+vuotta+-n%C3%A4yttely+avautuu+Tampereella&rft.date=2007-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2F3-5788249&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sauna-open-air-166"><a href="#cite_ref-sauna-open-air_166-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070814003442/http://www.sauna-open-air.fi/">"Sauna Open Air – Official Site"</a>. 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Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft.atitle=Explaining+the+Finnish+love+of+tango&rft.date=2017-10-11&rft.au=C.G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.economist.com%2Fprospero%2F2017%2F10%2F11%2Fexplaining-the-finnish-love-of-tango&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_opera-168"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_opera_168-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070207025302/http://www.tampere-talo.fi/Ooppera/English.htm">"Tampereen ooppera"</a>. 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Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Holiday+Club+Tampereen+Kylpyl%C3%A4&rft.date=2019-10-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.holidayclubresorts.com%2Fen%2Fresorts%2Ftampereen-kylpyla%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-marxists-186"><a href="#cite_ref-marxists_186-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/01/28.htm">"J. V. Stalin: ″Lenin: A Speech Delivered at a Memorial Meeting of the Kremlin Military School, January 28, 1924″"</a>. Marxists.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201112023946/https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1924/01/28.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 12 November 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Marxists.org&rft.atitle=J.+V.+Stalin%3A+%E2%80%B3Lenin%3A+A+Speech+Delivered+at+a+Memorial+Meeting+of+the+Kremlin+Military+School%2C+January+28%2C+1924%E2%80%B3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Freference%2Farchive%2Fstalin%2Fworks%2F1924%2F01%2F28.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-kotkin-187"><a href="#cite_ref-kotkin_187-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKotkin2014" class="citation book cs1">Kotkin, Stephen (2014). <a href="/wiki/Stalin:_Paradoxes_of_Power,_1878%E2%80%931928" title="Stalin: Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928">Stalin: Paradoxes of Power, 1878–1928</a>. London: Allen Lane. p. 81. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7139-9944-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7139-9944-0"><bdi>978-0-7139-9944-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Stalin%3A+Paradoxes+of+Power%2C+1878%E2%80%931928&rft.place=London&rft.pages=81&rft.pub=Allen+Lane&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-0-7139-9944-0&rft.aulast=Kotkin&rft.aufirst=Stephen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_vapriikki-188"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_vapriikki_188-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140118182519/http://www.tampere.fi/english/vapriikki.html">"Museum Centre Vapriikki"</a>. City of Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/english/vapriikki.html">the original</a> on 18 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Museum+Centre+Vapriikki&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fenglish%2Fvapriikki.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_art_museum-189"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_art_museum_189-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161217102045/http://www.tampere.fi/english/artmuseum.html">"Tampere Art Museum [City of Tampere]"</a>. City of Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/english/artmuseum.html">the original</a> on 17 December 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere+Art+Museum+%5BCity+of+Tampere%5D&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fenglish%2Fartmuseum.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-muumimuseo-190"><a href="#cite_ref-muumimuseo_190-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muumimuseo.fi/en/">"Moomin Museum"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170424091227/https://muumimuseo.fi/en/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 April 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Moomin+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuumimuseo.fi%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-vakoilumuseo-191"><a href="#cite_ref-vakoilumuseo_191-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.vakoilumuseo.fi/spy-museum/">"Spy Museum"</a>. vakoilumuseo.fi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220725091207/https://www.vakoilumuseo.fi/spy-museum/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=vakoilumuseo.fi&rft.atitle=Spy+Museum&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vakoilumuseo.fi%2Fspy-museum%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_amuri_museum-192"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_amuri_museum_192-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110708004043/http://www.tampere.fi/amuri/startpage.htm">"Amuri museum of workers' housing"</a>. City of Tampere. 10 May 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/amuri/startpage.htm">the original</a> on 8 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amuri+museum+of+workers%27+housing&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft.date=2011-05-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Famuri%2Fstartpage.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yle_2012-10-14-193"><a href="#cite_ref-yle_2012-10-14_193-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-6333550">"Ahtojäälle ei ole helppo löytää uutta kotia"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a> (in Finnish). 14 October 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201085841/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-6333550">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Ahtoj%C3%A4%C3%A4lle+ei+ole+helppo+l%C3%B6yt%C3%A4%C3%A4+uutta+kotia&rft.date=2012-10-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2F3-6333550&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-metalitalia-194"><a href="#cite_ref-metalitalia_194-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://metalitalia.com/intervista/nightwish-the-greatest-shows-on-earth/">"NIGHTWISH – The Greatest Show(s) On Earth"</a>. metalitalia.com (in Italian). 20 December 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200613093445/https://metalitalia.com/intervista/nightwish-the-greatest-shows-on-earth/">Archived</a> from the original on 13 June 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=metalitalia.com&rft.atitle=NIGHTWISH+%E2%80%93+The+Greatest+Show%28s%29+On+Earth&rft.date=2016-12-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmetalitalia.com%2Fintervista%2Fnightwish-the-greatest-shows-on-earth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-pallontallaajat-195"><a href="#cite_ref-pallontallaajat_195-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200613093446/http://auringonalla.pallontallaajat.net/2015/08/09/greatest-show-on-earth/">"Greatest show on Earth"</a>. Pallontallaajat (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://auringonalla.pallontallaajat.net/2015/08/09/greatest-show-on-earth/">the original</a> on 13 June 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pallontallaajat&rft.atitle=Greatest+show+on+Earth&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fauringonalla.pallontallaajat.net%2F2015%2F08%2F09%2Fgreatest-show-on-earth%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-visittampere_kesatapahtumat-196">^ <a href="#cite_ref-visittampere_kesatapahtumat_196-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-visittampere_kesatapahtumat_196-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161021000124/http://visittampere.fi/article/top-10-kesaetapahtumat">"Top 10 Kesätapahtumat"</a> (in Finnish). Visit Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://visittampere.fi/article/top-10-kesaetapahtumat">the original</a> on 21 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Top+10+Kes%C3%A4tapahtumat&rft.pub=Visit+Tampere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvisittampere.fi%2Farticle%2Ftop-10-kesaetapahtumat&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-visittampere_blockfest_2016-197"><a href="#cite_ref-visittampere_blockfest_2016_197-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160918210331/http://visittampere.fi/article/blockfest">"Blockfest 2016"</a> (in Finnish). Visit Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://visittampere.fi/article/blockfest">the original</a> on 18 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Blockfest+2016&rft.pub=Visit+Tampere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvisittampere.fi%2Farticle%2Fblockfest&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-iihf_3-198">^ <a href="#cite_ref-iihf_3_198-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iihf_3_198-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iihf_3_198-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iihf_3_198-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-iihf_3_198-4">e</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iihf.com/en/events/2022/wm/news/33601/22_great_tampere_moments">"22 great Tampere moments"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IIHF" class="mw-redirect" title="IIHF">IIHF</a>. 13 May 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230405112706/https://www.iihf.com/en/events/2022/wm/news/33601/22_great_tampere_moments">Archived</a> from the original on 5 April 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=22+great+Tampere+moments&rft.pub=IIHF&rft.date=2022-05-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iihf.com%2Fen%2Fevents%2F2022%2Fwm%2Fnews%2F33601%2F22_great_tampere_moments&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hckhockey-199"><a href="#cite_ref-hckhockey_199-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hckhockey.fi/joukkueiden-aateli/">"Jääkiekko Suomessa"</a>. HCK Hokcey (in Finnish). Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=HCK+Hokcey&rft.atitle=J%C3%A4%C3%A4kiekko+Suomessa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fhckhockey.fi%2Fjoukkueiden-aateli%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-200"><a href="#cite_ref-200">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMatson-Mäkelä2015" class="citation web cs1">Matson-Mäkelä, Kirsi (29 January 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/a/3-7765473">"Suomen ensimmäinen jäähalli täyttää 50 vuotta – "Hakamettä" on monelle kiekkoilijalle toinen koti"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Yle" title="Yle">Yle</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240407194319/https://yle.fi/a/3-7765473">Archived</a> from the original on 7 April 2024. Retrieved 7 April 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Yle&rft.atitle=Suomen+ensimm%C3%A4inen+j%C3%A4%C3%A4halli+t%C3%A4ytt%C3%A4%C3%A4+50+vuotta+%E2%80%93+%22Hakamett%C3%A4%22+on+monelle+kiekkoilijalle+toinen+koti&rft.date=2015-01-29&rft.aulast=Matson-M%C3%A4kel%C3%A4&rft.aufirst=Kirsi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fa%2F3-7765473&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-visittampere_deck_arena-201"><a href="#cite_ref-visittampere_deck_arena_201-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200809000058/https://visittampere.fi/en/articles/tampere-deck-arena/">"Tampere Deck Arena"</a>. Visit Tampere. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visittampere.fi/en/articles/tampere-deck-arena/">the original</a> on 9 August 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere+Deck+Arena&rft.pub=Visit+Tampere&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fvisittampere.fi%2Fen%2Farticles%2Ftampere-deck-arena%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-srv-202"><a href="#cite_ref-srv_202-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.srv.fi/tiedotteet/tampereen-kannen-uusi-nokia-arena-on-valmistunut-ensimmainen-tapahtuma-tanaan/">"Tampereen Kannen uusi Nokia Arena on valmistunut – ensimmäinen tapahtuma tänään"</a>. SRV Yhtiöt Oyj (in Finnish). 3 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211203132807/https://www.srv.fi/tiedotteet/tampereen-kannen-uusi-nokia-arena-on-valmistunut-ensimmainen-tapahtuma-tanaan/">Archived</a> from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SRV+Yhti%C3%B6t+Oyj&rft.atitle=Tampereen+Kannen+uusi+Nokia+Arena+on+valmistunut+%E2%80%93+ensimm%C3%A4inen+tapahtuma+t%C3%A4n%C3%A4%C3%A4n&rft.date=2021-12-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.srv.fi%2Ftiedotteet%2Ftampereen-kannen-uusi-nokia-arena-on-valmistunut-ensimmainen-tapahtuma-tanaan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-helsinkitimes_2021-11-24-203"><a href="#cite_ref-helsinkitimes_2021-11-24_203-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.helsinkitimes.fi/themes/themes/sports/20438-tampere-deck-and-arena-a-new-home-for-hockey.html/">"Tampere Deck and Arena a new home for hockey"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Times" title="Helsinki Times">Helsinki Times</a>. 24 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211208184404/https://www.helsinkitimes.fi/themes/themes/sports/20438-tampere-deck-and-arena-a-new-home-for-hockey.html">Archived</a> from the original on 8 December 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Helsinki+Times&rft.atitle=Tampere+Deck+and+Arena+a+new+home+for+hockey&rft.date=2021-11-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.helsinkitimes.fi%2Fthemes%2Fthemes%2Fsports%2F20438-tampere-deck-and-arena-a-new-home-for-hockey.html%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-iihf_2-204"><a href="#cite_ref-iihf_2_204-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iihf.com/en/events/2022/wm/static/24193/tampere_deck_arena/">"Nokia Arena"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IIHF" class="mw-redirect" title="IIHF">IIHF</a>. 20 January 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nokia+Arena&rft.pub=IIHF&rft.date=2021-01-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iihf.com%2Fen%2Fevents%2F2022%2Fwm%2Fstatic%2F24193%2Ftampere_deck_arena%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-helsinkitimes_2021-12-15-205"><a href="#cite_ref-helsinkitimes_2021-12-15_205-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.helsinkitimes.fi/themes/themes/science-and-technology/20616-at-europe-s-newest-multipurpose-arena-nokia-arena-doors-open-with-mobile-phones.html">"At Europe's newest multipurpose arena, Nokia Arena, doors open with mobile phones"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Times" title="Helsinki Times">Helsinki Times</a>. 15 December 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211217045036/https://www.helsinkitimes.fi/themes/themes/science-and-technology/20616-at-europe-s-newest-multipurpose-arena-nokia-arena-doors-open-with-mobile-phones.html">Archived</a> from the original on 17 December 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Helsinki+Times&rft.atitle=At+Europe%27s+newest+multipurpose+arena%2C+Nokia+Arena%2C+doors+open+with+mobile+phones&rft.date=2021-12-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.helsinkitimes.fi%2Fthemes%2Fthemes%2Fscience-and-technology%2F20616-at-europe-s-newest-multipurpose-arena-nokia-arena-doors-open-with-mobile-phones.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yle_2020-03-05-206"><a href="#cite_ref-yle_2020-03-05_206-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11241911">"Tampereen Kannen areenasta Uros Live"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a> (in Finnish). 5 March 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200306212734/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11241911">Archived</a> from the original on 6 March 2020. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Tampereen+Kannen+areenasta+Uros+Live&rft.date=2020-03-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2F3-11241911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yle_2021-10-28-207"><a href="#cite_ref-yle_2021-10-28_207-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFYle2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Yle (28 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12163711">"Uros oy sai potkut – Tampereen areena jatkaa nimellä Tampereen Kannen areena"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211116144452/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12163711">Archived</a> from the original on 16 November 2021. Retrieved 16 November 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Uros+oy+sai+potkut+%E2%80%93+Tampereen+areena+jatkaa+nimell%C3%A4+Tampereen+Kannen+areena&rft.date=2021-10-28&rft.au=Yle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2F3-12163711&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-globenewswire-208"><a href="#cite_ref-globenewswire_208-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2021/11/19/2337999/0/en/Finnish-Tampere-Deck-Arena-is-now-Nokia-Arena.html">"Finnish Tampere Deck Arena is now Nokia Arena"</a>. <a href="/wiki/GlobeNewswire" title="GlobeNewswire">GlobeNewswire</a>. 19 November 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211119133221/https://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2021/11/19/2337999/0/en/Finnish-Tampere-Deck-Arena-is-now-Nokia-Arena.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GlobeNewswire&rft.atitle=Finnish+Tampere+Deck+Arena+is+now+Nokia+Arena&rft.date=2021-11-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.globenewswire.com%2Fnews-release%2F2021%2F11%2F19%2F2337999%2F0%2Fen%2FFinnish-Tampere-Deck-Arena-is-now-Nokia-Arena.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_hockey-209"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_hockey_209-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220512070043/https://www.tampere.fi/en/city-of-tampere/info/current-issues/2022/05/12052022_1.html">"Tampere's hockey hype hits new heights at Ice Hockey World Championship"</a>. City of Tampere. 12 May 2022. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/en/city-of-tampere/info/current-issues/2022/05/12052022_1.html">the original</a> on 12 May 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere%27s+hockey+hype+hits+new+heights+at+Ice+Hockey+World+Championship&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft.date=2022-05-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fen%2Fcity-of-tampere%2Finfo%2Fcurrent-issues%2F2022%2F05%2F12052022_1.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yle_2020-08-26-210"><a href="#cite_ref-yle_2020-08-26_210-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNieminen2020" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nieminen, Elina (26 August 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11511940">"Tampereen areena valmistuu joulukuussa 2021"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210223052344/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-11511940">Archived</a> from the original on 23 February 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Tampereen+areena+valmistuu+joulukuussa+2021&rft.date=2020-08-26&rft.aulast=Nieminen&rft.aufirst=Elina&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2F3-11511940&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-iihf_1-211"><a href="#cite_ref-iihf_1_211-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iihf.com/en/news/13211/arena-in-tampere-gets-ready-for-2022-worlds">"IIHF: Arena in Tampere gets ready for 2022 Worlds"</a>. <a href="/wiki/IIHF" class="mw-redirect" title="IIHF">IIHF</a>. 17 June 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210427121933/https://www.iihf.com/en/news/13211/arena-in-tampere-gets-ready-for-2022-worlds">Archived</a> from the original on 27 April 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=IIHF%3A+Arena+in+Tampere+gets+ready+for+2022+Worlds&rft.pub=IIHF&rft.date=2019-06-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iihf.com%2Fen%2Fnews%2F13211%2Farena-in-tampere-gets-ready-for-2022-worlds&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-212"><a href="#cite_ref-212">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.srf.ch/sendungen/hallosrf/publikumsfragen/sport/sport-wie-berichtet-srf-ueber-die-eishockey-wm-2023">"Sport - Wie berichtet SRF über die Eishockey-WM 2023?"</a>. Schweizer Radio und Fernsehen (SRF) (in German). 10 May 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230516012558/https://www.srf.ch/sendungen/hallosrf/publikumsfragen/sport/sport-wie-berichtet-srf-ueber-die-eishockey-wm-2023">Archived</a> from the original on 16 May 2023. Retrieved 16 May 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Schweizer+Radio+und+Fernsehen+%28SRF%29&rft.atitle=Sport+-+Wie+berichtet+SRF+%C3%BCber+die+Eishockey-WM+2023%3F&rft.date=2023-05-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.srf.ch%2Fsendungen%2Fhallosrf%2Fpublikumsfragen%2Fsport%2Fsport-wie-berichtet-srf-ueber-die-eishockey-wm-2023&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ilvesedustus-213"><a href="#cite_ref-ilvesedustus_213-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ilvesedustus.fi/">"Ilvesedustus"</a>. ilvesedustus.fi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210918220436/https://ilvesedustus.fi/">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 9 December 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ilvesedustus.fi&rft.atitle=Ilvesedustus&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Filvesedustus.fi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-fibaeurope-214"><a href="#cite_ref-fibaeurope_214-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fibaeurope.com/default.asp?cid={0FE489ED-253F-4450-A35E-989CAA4AEA4C}&inplayer=on&inteam=on&intext=on&incoach=on&infoto=on&order=0&search=Tampereen+Pyrint%C3%B6">"RESULTS FOR »TAMPEREEN PYRINTÖ«"</a>. <a href="/wiki/FIBA_Europe" title="FIBA Europe">FIBA Europe</a>. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FIBA+Europe&rft.atitle=RESULTS+FOR+%C2%BBTAMPEREEN+PYRINT%C3%96%C2%AB&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fibaeurope.com%2Fdefault.asp%3Fcid%3D%7B0FE489ED-253F-4450-A35E-989CAA4AEA4C%7D%26inplayer%3Don%26inteam%3Don%26intext%3Don%26incoach%3Don%26infoto%3Don%26order%3D0%26search%3DTampereen%2BPyrint%25C3%25B6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-eurobasket-215"><a href="#cite_ref-eurobasket_215-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://basketball.eurobasket.com/team/Pyrinto_Tampere/1642">"Pyrinto Tampere"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20241201173640/https://basketball.eurobasket.com/team/Pyrinto_Tampere/1642">Archived</a> from the original on 1 December 2024. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pyrinto+Tampere&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbasketball.eurobasket.com%2Fteam%2FPyrinto_Tampere%2F1642&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-korisliiga-216"><a href="#cite_ref-korisliiga_216-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170526023944/http://korisliiga.fi/historia/#mbt:2-550$t&0=4">"Historia – Mitalistit"</a> (in Finnish). Suomen Koripalloliitto. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://korisliiga.fi/historia/#mbt:2-550$t&0=4">the original</a> on 26 May 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Historia+%E2%80%93+Mitalistit&rft.pub=Suomen+Koripalloliitto&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkorisliiga.fi%2Fhistoria%2F%23mbt%3A2-550%24t%260%3D4&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tamperetigers-217"><a href="#cite_ref-tamperetigers_217-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tamperetigers.sporttisaitti.com/">"Tampere Tigers"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220811022149/https://tamperetigers.sporttisaitti.com/">Archived</a> from the original on 11 August 2022. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere+Tigers&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftamperetigers.sporttisaitti.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-baseball-218"><a href="#cite_ref-baseball_218-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.baseball.fi/">"Baseball.fi - fi"</a>. baseball.fi.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=baseball.fi&rft.atitle=Baseball.fi+-+fi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baseball.fi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tamperesaints-219"><a href="#cite_ref-tamperesaints_219-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tamperesaints.fi/">"Tampere Saints"</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210924234349/https://tamperesaints.fi/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 14 September 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tampere+Saints&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tamperesaints.fi%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-220"><a href="#cite_ref-220">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.speedway.fi/esittelyja.php?id=5#:~:text=Etel%C3%A4puiston%20radalla%20on%20ajettu%20kolmasti,Ratatilanne%20Tampereella%20on%20heikko.">"Pirkan Mooottorimiehet ry"</a>. Speedway Finland. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240213123907/https://www.speedway.fi/esittelyja.php?id=5#:~:text=Etel%C3%A4puiston%20radalla%20on%20ajettu%20kolmasti,Ratatilanne%20Tampereella%20on%20heikko.">Archived</a> from the original on 13 February 2024. Retrieved 13 February 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Speedway+Finland&rft.atitle=Pirkan+Mooottorimiehet+ry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.speedway.fi%2Fesittelyja.php%3Fid%3D5%23%3A~%3Atext%3DEtel%25C3%25A4puiston%2520radalla%2520on%2520ajettu%2520kolmasti%2CRatatilanne%2520Tampereella%2520on%2520heikko.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-221"><a href="#cite_ref-221">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.internationalspeedway.co.uk/wtc76.htm">"1976 World Cup"</a>. International Speedway. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231113173659/http://www.internationalspeedway.co.uk/wtc76.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2023. Retrieved 17 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Speedway&rft.atitle=1976+World+Cup&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internationalspeedway.co.uk%2Fwtc76.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-222"><a href="#cite_ref-222">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.internationalspeedway.co.uk/wtc79.htm">"1979 World Cup"</a>. International Speedway. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240222173304/http://internationalspeedway.co.uk/wtc79.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 22 February 2024. Retrieved 17 December 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=International+Speedway&rft.atitle=1979+World+Cup&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.internationalspeedway.co.uk%2Fwtc79.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-223"><a href="#cite_ref-223">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.speedwaysanomat.fi/tekstit/tilastot_sm.html">"Speedway Individual Finnish Championship"</a>. Speedway Sanomat. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230112154151/http://www.speedwaysanomat.fi/tekstit/tilastot_sm.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2023. Retrieved 12 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Speedway+Sanomat&rft.atitle=Speedway+Individual+Finnish+Championship&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.speedwaysanomat.fi%2Ftekstit%2Ftilastot_sm.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-224"><a href="#cite_ref-224">^</a> Tampereen Liikuntalehti, 2/2007. (in Finnish) </li> <li id="cite_note-225"><a href="#cite_ref-225">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ringette.ca/event-results/2010-world-ringette-championship-tampere-finland/">"2010 World Ringette Championship (Tampere, Finland)"</a>. Ringette Canada. 26 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240107184613/https://www.ringette.ca/event-results/2010-world-ringette-championship-tampere-finland/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 January 2024. Retrieved 7 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ringette+Canada&rft.atitle=2010+World+Ringette+Championship+%28Tampere%2C+Finland%29&rft.date=2015-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ringette.ca%2Fevent-results%2F2010-world-ringette-championship-tampere-finland%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-226"><a href="#cite_ref-226">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://imga.ch/event/european-masters-games-2023-tampere/">"European Masters Games 2023 | Masters Games Finland, Tampere"</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Masters_Games_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="International Masters Games Association">International Masters Games Association</a>. 21 November 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221117211929/https://imga.ch/event/european-masters-games-2023-tampere/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 November 2022. Retrieved 17 November 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=European+Masters+Games+2023+%26%23124%3B+Masters+Games+Finland%2C+Tampere&rft.pub=International+Masters+Games+Association&rft.date=2019-11-21&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fimga.ch%2Fevent%2Feuropean-masters-games-2023-tampere%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_asemakeskus-227"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_asemakeskus_227-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210628141358/https://www.tampere.fi/liitteet/k/6MdmiMB9a/Asemakeskus_kilpailuohjelma_15012014.pdf">"Tampereen asemakesuksen suunnittelukilpailu"</a> (PDF). City of Tampere (in Finnish). 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/liitteet/k/6MdmiMB9a/Asemakeskus_kilpailuohjelma_15012014.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 28 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Tampere&rft.atitle=Tampereen+asemakesuksen+suunnittelukilpailu&rft.date=2014&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fliitteet%2Fk%2F6MdmiMB9a%2FAsemakeskus_kilpailuohjelma_15012014.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-newsnowfinland_2018-03-19-228"><a href="#cite_ref-newsnowfinland_2018-03-19_228-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210127030617/https://newsnowfinland.fi/domestic/top-gear-finlands-busiest-roads-revealed">"Top Gear: Finland's Busiest Roads Revealed"</a>. 19 March 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newsnowfinland.fi/domestic/top-gear-finlands-busiest-roads-revealed">the original</a> on 27 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Top+Gear%3A+Finland%27s+Busiest+Roads+Revealed&rft.date=2018-03-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewsnowfinland.fi%2Fdomestic%2Ftop-gear-finlands-busiest-roads-revealed&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yle_2021-08-25-229"><a href="#cite_ref-yle_2021-08-25_229-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKoskinen2021" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Koskinen, Anu Leena (25 August 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12070919">"Kun Suomen pisimmässä tunnelissa sattuu jotain, Tampere halvaantuu, sen näki taas – näin tunnelista pelastaudutaan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210825142012/https://yle.fi/uutiset/3-12070919">Archived</a> from the original on 25 August 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Kun+Suomen+pisimm%C3%A4ss%C3%A4+tunnelissa+sattuu+jotain%2C+Tampere+halvaantuu%2C+sen+n%C3%A4ki+taas+%E2%80%93+n%C3%A4in+tunnelista+pelastaudutaan&rft.date=2021-08-25&rft.aulast=Koskinen&rft.aufirst=Anu+Leena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2F3-12070919&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-aamulehti_2018-01-10-230"><a href="#cite_ref-aamulehti_2018-01-10_230-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFUusitalo2018" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Uusitalo, Kaisa (10 January 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aamulehti.fi/uutiset/art-2000007289170.html">"Moottoritien oikaisu ja uusi kehätie nostattivat kommenttivyöryn – Mahtava juttu vai asukkaiden ja luonnon laiminlyömistä?"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Aamulehti" title="Aamulehti">Aamulehti</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210910203452/https://www.aamulehti.fi/uutiset/art-2000007289170.html">Archived</a> from the original on 10 September 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Aamulehti&rft.atitle=Moottoritien+oikaisu+ja+uusi+keh%C3%A4tie+nostattivat+kommenttivy%C3%B6ryn+%E2%80%93+Mahtava+juttu+vai+asukkaiden+ja+luonnon+laiminly%C3%B6mist%C3%A4%3F&rft.date=2018-01-10&rft.aulast=Uusitalo&rft.aufirst=Kaisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.aamulehti.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fart-2000007289170.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-yle_2016-11-15-231"><a href="#cite_ref-yle_2016-11-15_231-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/finlands_longest_road_tunnel_opens/9293310">"Finland's longest road tunnel opens"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YLE" class="mw-redirect" title="YLE">YLE</a>. 15 November 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210911160939/https://yle.fi/uutiset/osasto/news/finlands_longest_road_tunnel_opens/9293310">Archived</a> from the original on 11 September 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Finland%27s+longest+road+tunnel+opens&rft.date=2016-11-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2Fosasto%2Fnews%2Ffinlands_longest_road_tunnel_opens%2F9293310&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-finavia_2021-232"><a href="#cite_ref-finavia_2021_232-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.finavia.fi/en/airports/tampere-pirkkala/parking-access/public-transport">"Parking and Transportation: Tampere-Pirkkala public transport"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Finavia" title="Finavia">Finavia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210611130030/https://www.finavia.fi/en/airports/tampere-pirkkala/parking-access/public-transport">Archived</a> from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Parking+and+Transportation%3A+Tampere-Pirkkala+public+transport&rft.pub=Finavia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.finavia.fi%2Fen%2Fairports%2Ftampere-pirkkala%2Fparking-access%2Fpublic-transport&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-urban-transport-magazine-233"><a href="#cite_ref-urban-transport-magazine_233-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.urban-transport-magazine.com/en/below-budget-and-on-schedule-tampere-tramway-inaugurated/">"Below budget and on schedule: Tampere tramway inaugurated!"</a>. Urban Transport Magazine. 8 August 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210810161845/https://www.urban-transport-magazine.com/en/below-budget-and-on-schedule-tampere-tramway-inaugurated/">Archived</a> from the original on 10 August 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Urban+Transport+Magazine&rft.atitle=Below+budget+and+on+schedule%3A+Tampere+tramway+inaugurated%21&rft.date=2021-08-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.urban-transport-magazine.com%2Fen%2Fbelow-budget-and-on-schedule-tampere-tramway-inaugurated%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sk_1938-12-17-234"><a href="#cite_ref-sk_1938-12-17_234-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digi.kansalliskirjasto.fi/aikakausi/binding/889814/image/43">"Tampereen uusi linja-autoasema"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Suomen_Kuvalehti" title="Suomen Kuvalehti">Suomen Kuvalehti</a> (in Finnish). No. 50. 17 December 1938. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211210203613/https://digi.kansalliskirjasto.fi/aikakausi/binding/889814/image/43">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2021. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Suomen+Kuvalehti&rft.atitle=Tampereen+uusi+linja-autoasema&rft.issue=50&rft.date=1938-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigi.kansalliskirjasto.fi%2Faikakausi%2Fbinding%2F889814%2Fimage%2F43&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-sapyska-235"><a href="#cite_ref-sapyska_235-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSäpyskä1988" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Säpyskä, Ossi (1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wu3cAQAACAA">Autoliikenteen vaiheet Pirkanmaalla</a> (in Finnish). Pirkanmaan autoalan veteraanit. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789529001934" title="Special:BookSources/9789529001934"><bdi>9789529001934</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Autoliikenteen+vaiheet+Pirkanmaalla&rft.pub=Pirkanmaan+autoalan+veteraanit&rft.date=1988&rft.isbn=9789529001934&rft.aulast=S%C3%A4pysk%C3%A4&rft.aufirst=Ossi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dwu3cAQAACAA&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988">[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot">permanent dead link</a>‍] </li> <li id="cite_note-uta-236"><a href="#cite_ref-uta_236-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKeskinen" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Keskinen, Jouni. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://webpages.tuni.fi/koskivoimaa/kaupunki/1918-40/asema38.html">"Pohjoismaiden suurin linja-autoasema"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Tampere_University" title="Tampere University">Tampere University</a> (in Finnish). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220725133819/https://webpages.tuni.fi/koskivoimaa/kaupunki/1918-40/asema38.html">Archived</a> from the original on 25 July 2022. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://raitio.org/trolley/tampere/tpelinja.htm">the original</a> on 13 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Raitio&rft.atitle=Trolleybus+City+of+Tampere&rft.aulast=Alameri&rft.aufirst=Mikko&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fraitio.org%2Ftrolley%2Ftampere%2Ftpelinja.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tase-238"><a href="#cite_ref-tase_238-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090327113427/http://www.tase2025.fi/julkaisut/TASE_tiivistelma.pdf">"Joukkoliikennejärjestelmävaihtoehdot – Vaikutusten arviointi ja suositus Tampereen kaupunkiseudun joukkoliikennejärjestelmäksi"</a> (PDF). TASE 2025 (in Finnish). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tase2025.fi/julkaisut/TASE_tiivistelma.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 27 March 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=TASE+2025&rft.atitle=Joukkoliikennej%C3%A4rjestelm%C3%A4vaihtoehdot+%E2%80%93+Vaikutusten+arviointi+ja+suositus+Tampereen+kaupunkiseudun+joukkoliikennej%C3%A4rjestelm%C3%A4ksi&rft.date=2007-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tase2025.fi%2Fjulkaisut%2FTASE_tiivistelma.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-unece-239"><a href="#cite_ref-unece_239-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200218025142/http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/cefact/locode/fi.htm">"United Nations Code for Trade and Transport Locations (UN/LOCODE)- (FI) Finland"</a>. unece.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/cefact/locode/fi.htm">the original</a> on 18 February 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=unece.org&rft.atitle=United+Nations+Code+for+Trade+and+Transport+Locations+%28UN%2FLOCODE%29-+%28FI%29+Finland&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.unece.org%2Ffileadmin%2FDAM%2Fcefact%2Flocode%2Ffi.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hopealinjat-240"><a href="#cite_ref-hopealinjat_240-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190328153305/https://www.hopealinjat.fi/tietoa/">"Tietoa meistä"</a>. hopealinjat.fi (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hopealinjat.fi/tietoa/">the original</a> on 28 March 2019. Retrieved 25 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=hopealinjat.fi&rft.atitle=Tietoa+meist%C3%A4&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hopealinjat.fi%2Ftietoa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-liikennevirasto-241">^ <a href="#cite_ref-liikennevirasto_241-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-liikennevirasto_241-1">b</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161012005044/http://www2.liikennevirasto.fi/julkaisut/pdf8/lti_2016-01_kotimaan_vesiliikennetilasto_web.pdf">"Kotimaan vesiliikennetilasto 2015"</a> (PDF). Liikenneviraston tilastoja 1/2016. Suomen virallinen tilasto, ISSN 1796-0479 (pdf), ISBN 978-952-317-241-8 (in Finnish). Helsinki: <a href="/wiki/Liikennevirasto" class="mw-redirect" title="Liikennevirasto">Liikennevirasto</a>. 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.liikennevirasto.fi/julkaisut/pdf8/lti_2016-01_kotimaan_vesiliikennetilasto_web.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 12 October 2016. Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Liikenneviraston+tilastoja+1%2F2016.+Suomen+virallinen+tilasto%2C+ISSN+1796-0479+%28pdf%29%2C+ISBN+978-952-317-241-8&rft.atitle=Kotimaan+vesiliikennetilasto+2015&rft.date=2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.liikennevirasto.fi%2Fjulkaisut%2Fpdf8%2Flti_2016-01_kotimaan_vesiliikennetilasto_web.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tamperelainen_2014-04-09-242"><a href="#cite_ref-tamperelainen_2014-04-09_242-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNupponen2014" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Nupponen, Sakari (9 April 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911175218/http://www.tamperelainen.fi/artikkeli/289671-katso-milta-nayttaa-viikinsaaressa-juuri-nyt">"Katso miltä näyttää Viikinsaaressa juuri nyt"</a>. tamperelainen.fi (in Finnish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tamperelainen.fi/artikkeli/289671-katso-milta-nayttaa-viikinsaaressa-juuri-nyt">the original</a> on 11 September 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=tamperelainen.fi&rft.atitle=Katso+milt%C3%A4+n%C3%A4ytt%C3%A4%C3%A4+Viikinsaaressa+juuri+nyt&rft.date=2014-04-09&rft.aulast=Nupponen&rft.aufirst=Sakari&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tamperelainen.fi%2Fartikkeli%2F289671-katso-milta-nayttaa-viikinsaaressa-juuri-nyt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_kevytliikenne-243"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_kevytliikenne_243-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210614124916/https://www.tampere.fi/liikenne-ja-kadut/pyoraily-ja-jalankulku/pyorailyn-ja-jalankulun-edistaminen.html">"Pyöräilyn ja jalankulun edistäminen"</a> (in Finnish). City of Tampere. 23 October 2015. 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Retrieved 25 July 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=YLE&rft.atitle=Tampere+valittiin+vuoden+py%C3%B6r%C3%A4ilykunnaksi&rft.date=2013-03-08&rft.aulast=Matson-M%C3%A4kel%C3%A4&rft.aufirst=Kirsi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fyle.fi%2Fuutiset%2F3-6529611&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_tyytyvaisyyskysely-245"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_tyytyvaisyyskysely_245-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210614124924/https://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/k/jch1O6Hi7/valmis_tyytyvaisyyskysely_2015_raportti.pdf">"Liikenteen kehitys Tampereella – Kävelyn ja pyöräilyn tyytyväisyyskyselyn tutkimusraportti 2015"</a> (PDF) (in Finnish). City of Tampere. 29 April 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/k/jch1O6Hi7/valmis_tyytyvaisyyskysely_2015_raportti.pdf">the original</a> (PDF) on 14 June 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Liikenteen+kehitys+Tampereella+%E2%80%93+K%C3%A4velyn+ja+py%C3%B6r%C3%A4ilyn+tyytyv%C3%A4isyyskyselyn+tutkimusraportti+2015&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft.date=2016-04-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Ftiedostot%2Fk%2Fjch1O6Hi7%2Fvalmis_tyytyvaisyyskysely_2015_raportti.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_liikenteen_kehitys-246"><a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_liikenteen_kehitys_246-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210130113738/https://www.tampere.fi/tiedostot/l/dJ2z8T0j5/liikenteen_kehitys_liikennemaararaportti2019_liitteineen.saavutettava.pdf">"Liikenteen kehitys Tampereella vuonna 2019"</a> (PDF) (in Finnish). 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NobelPrize.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220205040914/https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1939/summary/">Archived</a> from the original on 5 February 2022. Retrieved 7 January 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=NobelPrize.org&rft.atitle=The+Nobel+Prize+in+Literature+1939&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nobelprize.org%2Fprizes%2Fliterature%2F1939%2Fsummary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-250"><a href="#cite_ref-250">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jaakiekkomuseo.fi/jaakiekkoleijonat/?lang=en#1507548729934-36012474-42de">"Ice Hockey Lions: Leinonen Kimmo"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Finnish_Hockey_Hall_of_Fame" title="Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame">Finnish Hockey Hall of Fame</a> (in Finnish). 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210226210635/http://www.jaakiekkomuseo.fi/jaakiekkoleijonat/?lang=en#1507548729934-36012474-42de">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2021. Retrieved 2 January 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Finnish+Hockey+Hall+of+Fame&rft.atitle=Ice+Hockey+Lions%3A+Leinonen+Kimmo&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jaakiekkomuseo.fi%2Fjaakiekkoleijonat%2F%3Flang%3Den%231507548729934-36012474-42de&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-251"><a href="#cite_ref-251">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://liiga.fi/en/pelaajat/29065479/walli-juuso">"Profile at Liiga.fi"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230827160809/https://liiga.fi/en/pelaajat/29065479/walli-juuso">Archived</a> from the original on 27 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Profile+at+Liiga.fi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fliiga.fi%2Fen%2Fpelaajat%2F29065479%2Fwalli-juuso&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-tampere_fi_twin_cities-252">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-4">e</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-5">f</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-6">g</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-7">h</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-8">i</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-9">j</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-10">k</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-11">l</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-12">m</a> <a href="#cite_ref-tampere_fi_twin_cities_252-13">n</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181006194818/https://www.tampere.fi/en/city-of-tampere/organisation/central-administration/international-relations/twin-cities.html">"Twin Cities"</a>. City of Tampere. 15 February 2016. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/en/city-of-tampere/organisation/central-administration/international-relations/twin-cities.html">the original</a> on 6 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Twin+Cities&rft.pub=City+of+Tampere&rft.date=2016-02-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fen%2Fcity-of-tampere%2Forganisation%2Fcentral-administration%2Finternational-relations%2Ftwin-cities.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-ruhr_twins-253"><a href="#cite_ref-ruhr_twins_253-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225064042/http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd">"List of Twin Towns in the Ruhr District"</a> (PDF). 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twins2010.com/fileadmin/user_upload/pic/Dokumente/List_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf?PHPSESSID=2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd">the original</a> (PDF) on 25 February 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Twins2010.com&rft.atitle=List+of+Twin+Towns+in+the+Ruhr+District&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.twins2010.com%2Ffileadmin%2Fuser_upload%2Fpic%2FDokumente%2FList_of_Twin_Towns_01.pdf%3FPHPSESSID%3D2edd34819db21e450d3bb625549ce4fd&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-lodz-254"><a href="#cite_ref-lodz_254-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130624211727/http://www.uml.lodz.pl/samorzad/miasta_partnerskie_lodzi/tabelka/">"Miasta partnerskie – Urząd Miasta Łodzi"</a>. City of <a href="/wiki/%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA" title="Łódź">Łódź</a> (in Polish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.uml.lodz.pl/samorzad/miasta_partnerskie_lodzi/tabelka">the original</a> on 24 June 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+%C5%81%C3%B3d%C5%BA&rft.atitle=Miasta+partnerskie+%E2%80%93+Urz%C4%85d+Miasta+%C5%81odzi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.uml.lodz.pl%2Fsamorzad%2Fmiasta_partnerskie_lodzi%2Ftabelka&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-trondheim-255"><a href="#cite_ref-trondheim_255-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110927054554/http://www.trondheim.com/content.ap?thisId=93081934">"Trondheims offisielle nettsted – Vennskapsbyer"</a>. trondheim.com (in Norwegian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trondheim.com/content.ap?thisId=93081934">the original</a> on 27 September 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=trondheim.com&rft.atitle=Trondheims+offisielle+nettsted+%E2%80%93+Vennskapsbyer&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trondheim.com%2Fcontent.ap%3FthisId%3D93081934&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-guangzhou_twinnings-256"><a href="#cite_ref-guangzhou_twinnings_256-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121024091437/http://www.gzwaishi.gov.cn/Category_121/Index.aspx">"Guangzhou Sister Cities"</a>. Guangzhou Foreign Affairs Office. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gzwaishi.gov.cn/Category_121/Index.aspx">the original</a> on 24 October 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Guangzhou+Sister+Cities&rft.pub=Guangzhou+Foreign+Affairs+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gzwaishi.gov.cn%2FCategory_121%2FIndex.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-hs_2013-06-20-257"><a href="#cite_ref-hs_2013-06-20_257-0">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131023062159/http://www.hs.fi/english/article/Some%2B15%2BFinnish%2Btowns%2Bhave%2Btwinned%2Bwith%2Bfriendship%2Bcities%2Bin%2BChina/1135230364434">"Some 15 Finnish towns have twinned with friendship cities in China"</a>. Helsingin Sanomat International Edition. 20 June 2013. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hs.fi/english/article/Some+15+Finnish+towns+have+twinned+with+friendship+cities+in+China/1135230364434">the original</a> on 23 October 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Helsingin+Sanomat+International+Edition&rft.atitle=Some+15+Finnish+towns+have+twinned+with+friendship+cities+in+China&rft.date=2013-06-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hs.fi%2Fenglish%2Farticle%2FSome%2B15%2BFinnish%2Btowns%2Bhave%2Btwinned%2Bwith%2Bfriendship%2Bcities%2Bin%2BChina%2F1135230364434&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-258"><a href="#cite_ref-258">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/en/organisation/international-affairs/twin-cities">"Twin cities"</a>. Tampere.fi. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230226095926/https://www.tampere.fi/en/organisation/international-affairs/twin-cities">Archived</a> from the original on 26 February 2023. Retrieved 8 March 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Tampere.fi&rft.atitle=Twin+cities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tampere.fi%2Fen%2Forganisation%2Finternational-affairs%2Ftwin-cities&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=56" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMari_Lind,_Kimmo_Antila_&_Antti_Liuttunen2011" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mari Lind, Kimmo Antila & Antti Liuttunen (2011). Tammerkoski ja kosken kaupunki (in Finnish). Tampere: Vapriikki.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tammerkoski+ja+kosken+kaupunki&rft.place=Tampere&rft.pub=Vapriikki&rft.date=2011&rft.au=Mari+Lind%2C+Kimmo+Antila+%26+Antti+Liuttunen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHarry_Lönnroth2009" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Harry Lönnroth (2009). Tampere kieliyhteisönä (in Finnish). SKS. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-952-222-119-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-952-222-119-3"><bdi>978-952-222-119-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tampere+kieliyhteis%C3%B6n%C3%A4&rft.pub=SKS&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-952-222-119-3&rft.au=Harry+L%C3%B6nnroth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Tampere&action=edit&section=57" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Tampere" class="extiw" title="commons:Tampere">Tampere</a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><div class="side-box metadata side-box-right selfref noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gnome-speakernotes.svg/40px-Gnome-speakernotes.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gnome-speakernotes.svg/60px-Gnome-speakernotes.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Gnome-speakernotes.svg/80px-Gnome-speakernotes.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">This article includes inline links to audio files. If you have trouble playing the files, see <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:MH" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:MH">Wikipedia Media help</a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tampere.fi/">Official website</a> <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40840#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://visittampere.fi/en/">Visit Tampere – The official Tampere Region visitor website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.virtualtampere.com/eng/">Virtual City Guide: VirtualTampere.com</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.visitfinland.com/en/articles/tampere-sauna-capital-of-the-world/">Tampere – so much more than the sauna capital of the world</a> – Visit Finland</li> <li>Megan Starr: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.meganstarr.com/things-to-do-in-tampere-finland/">15 Quirky and Alternative Things to Do in Tampere, Finland</a>. – Megan & Aram (Meganstarr.com), 1 December 2021.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1952/OR1952.pdf">1952 Summer Olympics official report</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080411091045/http://www.la84foundation.org/6oic/OfficialReports/1952/OR1952.pdf">Archived</a> 11 April 2008 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> pp. 62–3.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719213741/http://vapriikki.net/tammerkoskenkaupunki/index.php?lang=en">Tammerkoski Heritage</a> – Town's Industrial Heritage Portal</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110214185608/http://sites.google.com/site/tamperecssa/">CSSA Tampere Ry</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lounasmenu.fi/tampere/">Lunch restaurants in Tampere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/16px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/24px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/32px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Tampere#Q40840" class="extiw" title="voy:Tampere">Tampere</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Tammerfors">"Tammerfors" </a>. <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Tammerfors&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ATampere" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output 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aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Tampere26" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">Nokia</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" />Tampere<img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Orivesi" title="Orivesi">Orivesi</a> <a href="/wiki/Kangasala" title="Kangasala">Kangasala</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala">Pirkkala</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Lempäälä">Lempäälä</a></td> <td></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Links_to_related_articles92" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Links_to_related_articles92" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Links to related articles</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Municipalities_of_Pirkanmaa107" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pirkanmaa" title="Template:Pirkanmaa"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pirkanmaa" title="Template talk:Pirkanmaa"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pirkanmaa" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pirkanmaa"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Municipalities_of_Pirkanmaa107" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Pirkanmaa" title="Municipalities of Pirkanmaa">Municipalities of Pirkanmaa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akaa" title="Akaa">Akaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenkyr%C3%B6" title="Hämeenkyrö">Hämeenkyrö</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikaalinen" title="Ikaalinen">Ikaalinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juupajoki" title="Juupajoki">Juupajoki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangasala" title="Kangasala">Kangasala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kihni%C3%B6" title="Kihniö">Kihniö</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuhmoinen" title="Kuhmoinen">Kuhmoinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Lempäälä">Lempäälä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4ntt%C3%A4-Vilppula" title="Mänttä-Vilppula">Mänttä-Vilppula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">Nokia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orivesi" title="Orivesi">Orivesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A4lk%C3%A4ne" title="Pälkäne">Pälkäne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkano" title="Parkano">Parkano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala">Pirkkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punkalaidun" title="Punkalaidun">Punkalaidun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruovesi" title="Ruovesi">Ruovesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sastamala" title="Sastamala">Sastamala</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tampere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urjala" title="Urjala">Urjala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valkeakoski" title="Valkeakoski">Valkeakoski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vesilahti" title="Vesilahti">Vesilahti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virrat" title="Virrat">Virrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi" title="Ylöjärvi">Ylöjärvi</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Pirkanmaa"><img alt="Coat of arms of Pirkanmaa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg/50px-Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg/75px-Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg/100px-Pirkanmaa.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="490" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former municipalities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%84ets%C3%A4" title="Äetsä">Äetsä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aitolahti" title="Aitolahti">Aitolahti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Akaa_(former_municipality)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akaa (former municipality) (page does not exist)">Akaa</a> [<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akaa_(Suomen_entinen_kunta)" class="extiw" title="fi:Akaa (Suomen entinen kunta)">fi</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Er%C3%A4j%C3%A4rvi" title="Eräjärvi">Eräjärvi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ikaalisten_maalaiskunta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ikaalisten maalaiskunta (page does not exist)">Ikaalisten maalaiskunta</a> [<a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ikaalisten_maalaiskunta" class="extiw" title="fi:Ikaalisten maalaiskunta">fi</a>]</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karkku" title="Karkku">Karkku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keiky%C3%A4" title="Keikyä">Keikyä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiikka" title="Kiikka">Kiikka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuhmalahti" title="Kuhmalahti">Kuhmalahti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuorevesi" title="Kuorevesi">Kuorevesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuru,_Finland" title="Kuru, Finland">Kuru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kylm%C3%A4koski" title="Kylmäkoski">Kylmäkoski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A4ngelm%C3%A4ki" title="Längelmäki">Längelmäki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luopioinen" title="Luopioinen">Luopioinen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4ntt%C3%A4" title="Mänttä">Mänttä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messukyl%C3%A4" title="Messukylä">Messukylä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouhij%C3%A4rvi" title="Mouhijärvi">Mouhijärvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pohjaslahti" title="Pohjaslahti">Pohjaslahti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A4%C3%A4ksm%C3%A4ki" title="Sääksmäki">Sääksmäki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahalahti_(former_municipality)" title="Sahalahti (former municipality)">Sahalahti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suodenniemi" title="Suodenniemi">Suodenniemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suoniemi,_Finland" title="Suoniemi, Finland">Suoniemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teisko" title="Teisko">Teisko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toijala" title="Toijala">Toijala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottij%C3%A4rvi" title="Tottijärvi">Tottijärvi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrv%C3%A4nt%C3%B6" title="Tyrväntö">Tyrväntö</a> (part)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrv%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Tyrvää">Tyrvää</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vammala" title="Vammala">Vammala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viiala" title="Viiala">Viiala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viljakkala" title="Viljakkala">Viljakkala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilppula" title="Vilppula">Vilppula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pirkanmaa" title="Pirkanmaa">Pirkanmaa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="50_most_populous_urban_areas_in_the_Nordic_countries647" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:50_most_populous_Nordic_urban_settlements" title="Template:50 most populous Nordic urban settlements"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:50_most_populous_Nordic_urban_settlements" title="Template talk:50 most populous Nordic urban settlements"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:50_most_populous_Nordic_urban_settlements" title="Special:EditPage/Template:50 most populous Nordic urban settlements"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="50_most_populous_urban_areas_in_the_Nordic_countries647" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_areas_in_the_Nordic_countries" title="List of urban areas in the Nordic countries">50 most populous urban areas in the</a> <a href="/wiki/Nordic_countries" title="Nordic countries">Nordic countries</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="padding:0.1em; font-weight: bold;"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/16px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/24px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></td><td> 1,605,030</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 2.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></td><td> 1,330,993</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 3.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></td><td> 1,268,296</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 4.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/16px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/24px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a></td><td> 1,019,513</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 5.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Gothenburg" title="Gothenburg">Gothenburg</a></td><td> 599,011</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 6.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Malm%C3%B6" title="Malmö">Malmö</a></td><td> 339,313</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 7.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tampere</a></td><td> 334,112</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 8.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Aarhus" title="Aarhus">Aarhus</a></td><td> 280,534</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 9.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/16px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/24px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a></td><td> 259,958</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 10.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a></td><td> 252,468</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 11.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/16px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/24px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Stavanger_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Stavanger (city)">Stavanger</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sandnes" title="Sandnes">Sandnes</a></td><td> 237,369</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 12.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Iceland" title="Iceland"><img alt="Iceland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_Iceland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Iceland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="900" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></td><td> 228,231</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 13.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a></td><td> 208,939</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 14.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/16px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/24px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Trondheim" title="Trondheim">Trondheim</a></td><td> 186,364</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 15.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Odense" title="Odense">Odense</a></td><td> 180,302</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 16.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Uppsala" title="Uppsala">Uppsala</a></td><td> 177,074</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 17.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upplands_V%C3%A4sby_och_Sollentuna" class="extiw" title="sv:Upplands Väsby och Sollentuna">Upplands Väsby och Sollentuna</a></td><td> 149,461</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 18.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Aalborg" title="Aalborg">Aalborg</a></td><td> 140,897</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 19.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4ster%C3%A5s" title="Västerås">Västerås</a></td><td> 128,534</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 20.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/%C3%96rebro" title="Örebro">Örebro</a></td><td> 126,009</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 21.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lahti" title="Lahti">Lahti</a></td><td> 119,068</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 22.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4" title="Jyväskylä">Jyväskylä</a></td><td> 117,974</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 23.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/16px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/24px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Fredrikstad" title="Fredrikstad">Fredrikstad</a>/<a href="/wiki/Sarpsborg" title="Sarpsborg">Sarpsborg</a></td><td> 116,373</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 24.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Link%C3%B6ping" title="Linköping">Linköping</a></td><td> 115,672</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 25.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Helsingborg" title="Helsingborg">Helsingborg</a></td><td> 113,816</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 26.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/16px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/24px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kristiansand_(town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kristiansand (town)">Kristiansand</a></td><td> 111,633</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 27.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/16px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/24px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Drammen_(town)" class="mw-redirect" title="Drammen (town)">Drammen</a></td><td> 109,416</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 28.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6nk%C3%B6ping" title="Jönköping">Jönköping</a></td><td> 100,259</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 29.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Norrk%C3%B6ping" title="Norrköping">Norrköping</a></td><td> 97,854</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 30.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lund" title="Lund">Lund</a></td><td> 94,393</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 31.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/16px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/24px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Porsgrunn" title="Porsgrunn">Porsgrunn</a>/<a href="/wiki/Skien" title="Skien">Skien</a></td><td> 93,778</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 32.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Ume%C3%A5" title="Umeå">Umeå</a></td><td> 90,412</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 33.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kuopio" title="Kuopio">Kuopio</a></td><td> 88,520</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 34.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pori" title="Pori">Pori</a></td><td> 84,026</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 35.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%A4vle" title="Gävle">Gävle</a></td><td> 77,586</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 36.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/S%C3%B6dert%C3%A4lje" title="Södertälje">Södertälje</a></td><td> 75,773</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 37.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Bor%C3%A5s" title="Borås">Borås</a></td><td> 73,980</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 38.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Esbjerg" title="Esbjerg">Esbjerg</a></td><td> 72,398</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 39.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Halmstad" title="Halmstad">Halmstad</a></td><td> 71,316</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 40.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/V%C3%A4xj%C3%B6" title="Växjö">Växjö</a></td><td> 71,009</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 41.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Eskilstuna" title="Eskilstuna">Eskilstuna</a></td><td> 70,342</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 42.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Joensuu" title="Joensuu">Joensuu</a></td><td> 67,811</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 43.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Karlstad" title="Karlstad">Karlstad</a></td><td> 65,856</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 44.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vaasa" title="Vaasa">Vaasa</a></td><td> 65,414</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 45.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Randers" title="Randers">Randers</a></td><td> 62,482</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 46.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kolding" title="Kolding">Kolding</a></td><td> 61,121</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 47.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Horsens" title="Horsens">Horsens</a></td><td> 59,449</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 48.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/16px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/24px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/32px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sundsvall" title="Sundsvall">Sundsvall</a></td><td> 58,807</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 49.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark"><img alt="Denmark" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/16px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/24px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/32px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vejle" title="Vejle">Vejle</a></td><td> 57,655</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 50.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland"><img alt="Finland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/16px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/24px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Finland.svg/32px-Flag_of_Finland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1800" data-file-height="1100" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lappeenranta" title="Lappeenranta">Lappeenranta</a></td><td> 55,743</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="50_most_populous_municipalities_in_Finland84" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link 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title="List of municipalities of Finland">50 most populous municipalities</a> in <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 1.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Helsinki.vaakuna.svg/15px-Helsinki.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Helsinki.vaakuna.svg/23px-Helsinki.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Helsinki.vaakuna.svg/30px-Helsinki.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="578" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></td><td> 684,589</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 2.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Espoo" title="Espoo"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Espoo.vaakuna.svg/15px-Espoo.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Espoo.vaakuna.svg/23px-Espoo.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Espoo.vaakuna.svg/30px-Espoo.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="449" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Espoo" title="Espoo">Espoo</a></td><td> 321,031</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 3.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Tampere" title="Tampere"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/15px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/23px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Tampere.vaakuna.svg/30px-Tampere.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="569" /></a> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tampere</a></td><td> 260,358</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 4.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Vantaa" title="Vantaa"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Vantaa.vaakuna.svg/15px-Vantaa.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Vantaa.vaakuna.svg/23px-Vantaa.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Vantaa.vaakuna.svg/30px-Vantaa.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vantaa" title="Vantaa">Vantaa</a></td><td> 251,405</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 5.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Oulu.vaakuna.svg/15px-Oulu.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Oulu.vaakuna.svg/23px-Oulu.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Oulu.vaakuna.svg/30px-Oulu.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="581" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a></td><td> 216,194</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 6.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Turku.vaakuna.svg/15px-Turku.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Turku.vaakuna.svg/23px-Turku.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Turku.vaakuna.svg/30px-Turku.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="501" data-file-height="831" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a></td><td> 206,035</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 7.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4" title="Jyväskylä"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg/15px-Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg/23px-Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg/30px-Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="757" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Jyv%C3%A4skyl%C3%A4" title="Jyväskylä">Jyväskylä</a></td><td> 149,269</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 8.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Kuopio" title="Kuopio"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Kuopio.vaakuna.svg/15px-Kuopio.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Kuopio.vaakuna.svg/23px-Kuopio.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Kuopio.vaakuna.svg/30px-Kuopio.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="793" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kuopio" title="Kuopio">Kuopio</a></td><td> 125,668</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 9.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Lahti" title="Lahti"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Lahti.vaakuna.svg/15px-Lahti.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Lahti.vaakuna.svg/23px-Lahti.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Lahti.vaakuna.svg/30px-Lahti.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="565" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lahti" title="Lahti">Lahti</a></td><td> 121,383</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 10.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Pori" title="Pori"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Porin_vaakuna.svg/15px-Porin_vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Porin_vaakuna.svg/23px-Porin_vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Porin_vaakuna.svg/30px-Porin_vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="585" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pori" title="Pori">Pori</a></td><td> 83,316</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 11.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Joensuu" title="Joensuu"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Joensuu.vaakuna.svg/15px-Joensuu.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Joensuu.vaakuna.svg/23px-Joensuu.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Joensuu.vaakuna.svg/30px-Joensuu.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="588" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Joensuu" title="Joensuu">Joensuu</a></td><td> 78,743</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 12.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Kouvola" title="Kouvola"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Kouvola.vaakuna.2009.svg/15px-Kouvola.vaakuna.2009.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Kouvola.vaakuna.2009.svg/23px-Kouvola.vaakuna.2009.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Kouvola.vaakuna.2009.svg/30px-Kouvola.vaakuna.2009.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="557" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kouvola" title="Kouvola">Kouvola</a></td><td> 78,399</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 13.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Lappeenranta" title="Lappeenranta"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Lappeenranta.vaakuna.svg/15px-Lappeenranta.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Lappeenranta.vaakuna.svg/23px-Lappeenranta.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Lappeenranta.vaakuna.svg/30px-Lappeenranta.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="625" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lappeenranta" title="Lappeenranta">Lappeenranta</a></td><td> 73,369</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 14.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Vaasa" title="Vaasa"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Vaasa.vaakuna2.svg/15px-Vaasa.vaakuna2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Vaasa.vaakuna2.svg/23px-Vaasa.vaakuna2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Vaasa.vaakuna2.svg/30px-Vaasa.vaakuna2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1151" data-file-height="1441" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vaasa" title="Vaasa">Vaasa</a></td><td> 70,374</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 15.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenlinna" title="Hämeenlinna"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/H%C3%A4meenlinna.vaakuna.svg/15px-H%C3%A4meenlinna.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/H%C3%A4meenlinna.vaakuna.svg/23px-H%C3%A4meenlinna.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/H%C3%A4meenlinna.vaakuna.svg/30px-H%C3%A4meenlinna.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="570" /></a> <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenlinna" title="Hämeenlinna">Hämeenlinna</a></td><td> 68,376</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 16.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sein%C3%A4joki" title="Seinäjoki"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sein%C3%A4joki.vaakuna.svg/15px-Sein%C3%A4joki.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sein%C3%A4joki.vaakuna.svg/23px-Sein%C3%A4joki.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Sein%C3%A4joki.vaakuna.svg/30px-Sein%C3%A4joki.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="572" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sein%C3%A4joki" title="Seinäjoki">Seinäjoki</a></td><td> 66,610</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 17.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Rovaniemi" title="Rovaniemi"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Rovaniemi.vaakuna.svg/15px-Rovaniemi.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Rovaniemi.vaakuna.svg/23px-Rovaniemi.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Rovaniemi.vaakuna.svg/30px-Rovaniemi.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="568" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Rovaniemi" title="Rovaniemi">Rovaniemi</a></td><td> 65,738</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 18.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Mikkeli" title="Mikkeli"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Mikkeli.vaakuna.svg/15px-Mikkeli.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Mikkeli.vaakuna.svg/23px-Mikkeli.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Mikkeli.vaakuna.svg/30px-Mikkeli.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="780" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Mikkeli" title="Mikkeli">Mikkeli</a></td><td> 51,893</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 19.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Porvoo" title="Porvoo"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Porvoo.vaakuna.svg/15px-Porvoo.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Porvoo.vaakuna.svg/23px-Porvoo.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Porvoo.vaakuna.svg/30px-Porvoo.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="312" data-file-height="317" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Porvoo" title="Porvoo">Porvoo</a></td><td> 51,753</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 20.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Salo,_Finland" title="Salo, Finland"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Halikko_vaakuna.svg/15px-Halikko_vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Halikko_vaakuna.svg/23px-Halikko_vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Halikko_vaakuna.svg/30px-Halikko_vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="565" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Salo,_Finland" title="Salo, Finland">Salo</a></td><td> 50,867</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 21.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Kotka" title="Kotka"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Kotka.vaakuna.svg/15px-Kotka.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Kotka.vaakuna.svg/23px-Kotka.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Kotka.vaakuna.svg/30px-Kotka.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="575" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kotka" title="Kotka">Kotka</a></td><td> 50,210</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 22.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Kokkola" title="Kokkola"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kokkola.vaakuna.svg/15px-Kokkola.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kokkola.vaakuna.svg/23px-Kokkola.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Kokkola.vaakuna.svg/30px-Kokkola.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="788" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kokkola" title="Kokkola">Kokkola</a></td><td> 48,368</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 23.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Hyvink%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Hyvinkää"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Hyvinkaa.vaakuna.svg/15px-Hyvinkaa.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Hyvinkaa.vaakuna.svg/23px-Hyvinkaa.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Hyvinkaa.vaakuna.svg/30px-Hyvinkaa.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="553" data-file-height="631" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hyvink%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Hyvinkää">Hyvinkää</a></td><td> 47,047</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 24.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rvenp%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Järvenpää"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Jarvenpaa.vaakuna.svg/15px-Jarvenpaa.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Jarvenpaa.vaakuna.svg/23px-Jarvenpaa.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Jarvenpaa.vaakuna.svg/30px-Jarvenpaa.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="453" data-file-height="504" /></a> <a href="/wiki/J%C3%A4rvenp%C3%A4%C3%A4" title="Järvenpää">Järvenpää</a></td><td> 46,866</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 25.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Lohja" title="Lohja"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Lohja.vaakuna.svg/15px-Lohja.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Lohja.vaakuna.svg/23px-Lohja.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Lohja.vaakuna.svg/30px-Lohja.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="550" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lohja" title="Lohja">Lohja</a></td><td> 45,693</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 26.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Nurmij%C3%A4rvi" title="Nurmijärvi"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Nurmijarvi.vaakuna.svg/15px-Nurmijarvi.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Nurmijarvi.vaakuna.svg/23px-Nurmijarvi.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Nurmijarvi.vaakuna.svg/30px-Nurmijarvi.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="553" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nurmij%C3%A4rvi" title="Nurmijärvi">Nurmijärvi</a></td><td> 45,026</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 27.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Tuusula" title="Tuusula"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Tuusula.vaakuna.svg/15px-Tuusula.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Tuusula.vaakuna.svg/23px-Tuusula.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Tuusula.vaakuna.svg/30px-Tuusula.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="554" data-file-height="637" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tuusula" title="Tuusula">Tuusula</a></td><td> 42,238</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 28.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Kirkkonummi" title="Kirkkonummi"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Kirkkonummi.vaakuna.svg/15px-Kirkkonummi.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Kirkkonummi.vaakuna.svg/23px-Kirkkonummi.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/Kirkkonummi.vaakuna.svg/30px-Kirkkonummi.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="382" data-file-height="461" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kirkkonummi" title="Kirkkonummi">Kirkkonummi</a></td><td> 41,660</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 29.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Rauma,_Finland" title="Rauma, Finland"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Rauma.vaakuna.svg/15px-Rauma.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Rauma.vaakuna.svg/23px-Rauma.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Rauma.vaakuna.svg/30px-Rauma.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="359" data-file-height="628" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Rauma,_Finland" title="Rauma, Finland">Rauma</a></td><td> 38,975</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 30.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Kerava" title="Kerava"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Kerava.vaakuna.svg/15px-Kerava.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Kerava.vaakuna.svg/23px-Kerava.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Kerava.vaakuna.svg/30px-Kerava.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="570" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kerava" title="Kerava">Kerava</a></td><td> 38,476</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 31.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Kaarina" title="Kaarina"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Piikki%C3%B6.vaakuna.svg/15px-Piikki%C3%B6.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Piikki%C3%B6.vaakuna.svg/23px-Piikki%C3%B6.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Piikki%C3%B6.vaakuna.svg/30px-Piikki%C3%B6.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="550" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kaarina" title="Kaarina">Kaarina</a></td><td> 36,563</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 32.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Kajaani" title="Kajaani"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Kajaani.vaakuna.svg/15px-Kajaani.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Kajaani.vaakuna.svg/23px-Kajaani.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Kajaani.vaakuna.svg/30px-Kajaani.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="572" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kajaani" title="Kajaani">Kajaani</a></td><td> 36,438</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 33.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Nokia.vaakuna.svg/15px-Nokia.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Nokia.vaakuna.svg/23px-Nokia.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Nokia.vaakuna.svg/30px-Nokia.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="563" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Nokia,_Finland" title="Nokia, Finland">Nokia</a></td><td> 36,171</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 34.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Kangasala" title="Kangasala"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Kangasala.vaakuna.svg/15px-Kangasala.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Kangasala.vaakuna.svg/23px-Kangasala.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Kangasala.vaakuna.svg/30px-Kangasala.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="547" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Kangasala" title="Kangasala">Kangasala</a></td><td> 33,966</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 35.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi" title="Ylöjärvi"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg/15px-Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg/23px-Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg/30px-Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="565" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Yl%C3%B6j%C3%A4rvi" title="Ylöjärvi">Ylöjärvi</a></td><td> 33,681</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 36.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Savonlinna" title="Savonlinna"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Savonlinna.vaakuna.svg/15px-Savonlinna.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="24" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Savonlinna.vaakuna.svg/23px-Savonlinna.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Savonlinna.vaakuna.svg/30px-Savonlinna.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="506" data-file-height="822" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Savonlinna" title="Savonlinna">Savonlinna</a></td><td> 31,464</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 37.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Vihti" title="Vihti"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Vihti.vaakuna.svg/15px-Vihti.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Vihti.vaakuna.svg/23px-Vihti.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Vihti.vaakuna.svg/30px-Vihti.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="540" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Vihti" title="Vihti">Vihti</a></td><td> 28,806</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 38.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Riihim%C3%A4ki" title="Riihimäki"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Riihim%C3%A4ki.vaakuna.svg/15px-Riihim%C3%A4ki.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Riihim%C3%A4ki.vaakuna.svg/23px-Riihim%C3%A4ki.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Riihim%C3%A4ki.vaakuna.svg/30px-Riihim%C3%A4ki.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="650" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Riihim%C3%A4ki" title="Riihimäki">Riihimäki</a></td><td> 28,650</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 39.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Raseborg" title="Raseborg"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Raasepori.vaakuna.svg/15px-Raasepori.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Raasepori.vaakuna.svg/23px-Raasepori.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Raasepori.vaakuna.svg/30px-Raasepori.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="605" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Raseborg" title="Raseborg">Raseborg</a></td><td> 27,037</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 40.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Raisio" title="Raisio"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Raisio.vaakuna.svg/15px-Raisio.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Raisio.vaakuna.svg/23px-Raisio.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Raisio.vaakuna.svg/30px-Raisio.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="575" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Raisio" title="Raisio">Raisio</a></td><td> 25,717</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;padding:0.5em 0.5em;width:10em;"><div> <table style="white-space:nowrap; line-height:1.2em; text-align:right"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 41.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Lempäälä"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg/15px-Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg/23px-Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg/30px-Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="536" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Lemp%C3%A4%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Lempäälä">Lempäälä</a></td><td> 24,815</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 42.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Imatra" title="Imatra"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Imatra.vaakuna.svg/15px-Imatra.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Imatra.vaakuna.svg/23px-Imatra.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Imatra.vaakuna.svg/30px-Imatra.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="499" data-file-height="619" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Imatra" title="Imatra">Imatra</a></td><td> 24,729</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 43.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Raahe" title="Raahe"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Raahe.vaakuna.svg/15px-Raahe.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Raahe.vaakuna.svg/23px-Raahe.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Raahe.vaakuna.svg/30px-Raahe.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="579" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Raahe" title="Raahe">Raahe</a></td><td> 23,571</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 44.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sastamala" title="Sastamala"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Karkku.vaakuna.svg/15px-Karkku.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Karkku.vaakuna.svg/23px-Karkku.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Karkku.vaakuna.svg/30px-Karkku.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="570" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sastamala" title="Sastamala">Sastamala</a></td><td> 23,457</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 45.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Hollola" title="Hollola"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hollola.vaakuna.svg/15px-Hollola.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hollola.vaakuna.svg/23px-Hollola.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Hollola.vaakuna.svg/30px-Hollola.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="580" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Hollola" title="Hollola">Hollola</a></td><td> 22,855</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 46.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Sipoo" title="Sipoo"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Sipoo.vaakuna.svg/15px-Sipoo.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Sipoo.vaakuna.svg/23px-Sipoo.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a3/Sipoo.vaakuna.svg/30px-Sipoo.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="571" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Sipoo" title="Sipoo">Sipoo</a></td><td> 22,823</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 47.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Siilinj%C3%A4rvi" title="Siilinjärvi"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Siilinj%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg/15px-Siilinj%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Siilinj%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg/23px-Siilinj%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Siilinj%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg/30px-Siilinj%C3%A4rvi.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="570" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Siilinj%C3%A4rvi" title="Siilinjärvi">Siilinjärvi</a></td><td> 21,268</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 48.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Pirkkala.vaakuna.svg/15px-Pirkkala.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Pirkkala.vaakuna.svg/23px-Pirkkala.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Pirkkala.vaakuna.svg/30px-Pirkkala.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="577" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Pirkkala" title="Pirkkala">Pirkkala</a></td><td> 21,034</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 49.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/Tornio" title="Tornio"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Tornio.vaakuna.svg/15px-Tornio.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Tornio.vaakuna.svg/23px-Tornio.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Tornio.vaakuna.svg/30px-Tornio.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="625" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Tornio" title="Tornio">Tornio</a></td><td> 20,973</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td> 50.</td><td style="text-align:left"> <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Mäntsälä"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg/15px-M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg/23px-M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg/30px-M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4.vaakuna.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="550" /></a> <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A4nts%C3%A4l%C3%A4" title="Mäntsälä">Mäntsälä</a></td><td> 20,933</td></tr></tbody></table> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="30px_Venues_of_the_1952_Summer_Olympics_(Helsinki)137" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:1952_Summer_Olympic_venues" title="Template:1952 Summer Olympic venues"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:1952_Summer_Olympic_venues" title="Template talk:1952 Summer Olympic venues"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:1952_Summer_Olympic_venues" title="Special:EditPage/Template:1952 Summer Olympic venues"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="30px_Venues_of_the_1952_Summer_Olympics_(Helsinki)137" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/File:Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/30px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/45px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg/60px-Olympic_rings_without_rims.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="342" data-file-height="158" /></a> <a href="/wiki/Venues_of_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="Venues of the 1952 Summer Olympics">Venues</a> of the <a href="/wiki/1952_Summer_Olympics" title="1952 Summer Olympics">1952 Summer Olympics</a> (<a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a>)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A4meenlinna" title="Hämeenlinna">Hämeenlinna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harmaja" title="Harmaja">Harmaja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huopalahti" title="Huopalahti">Huopalahti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%A4pyl%C3%A4" title="Käpylä">Käpylä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arto_Tolsa_Areena" title="Arto Tolsa Areena">Kotka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laakso" title="Laakso">Laakso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahti" title="Lahti">Lahti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liuskasaari" title="Liuskasaari">Liuskasaari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malmi_shooting_range" title="Malmi shooting range">Malmi shooting range</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maunula" title="Maunula">Maunula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meilahti" title="Meilahti">Meilahti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6%C3%B6l%C3%B6_Sports_Hall" title="Töölö Sports Hall">Messuhalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Olympic_Stadium" title="Helsinki Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakila" title="Pakila">Pakila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruskeasuo" title="Ruskeasuo">Ruskeasuo Equestrian Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Swimming_Stadium" title="Helsinki Swimming Stadium">Swimming Stadium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6%C3%B6l%C3%B6_Rowing_Stadium" title="Töölö Rowing Stadium">Taivallahti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tali,_Helsinki" title="Tali, Helsinki">Tali Race Track</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tampere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tennispalatsi" title="Tennispalatsi">Tennis Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6%C3%B6l%C3%B6n_Pallokentt%C3%A4" title="Töölön Pallokenttä">Töölön Pallokenttä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veritas_Stadion" title="Veritas Stadion">Turku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Velodrome" title="Helsinki Velodrome">Velodrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Espoo" title="Espoo">Westend Tennis Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Olympic_venues_in_association_football77" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Olympic_venues_football" title="Template:Olympic venues football"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Olympic_venues_football" title="Template talk:Olympic venues football"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic_venues_football" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Olympic venues football"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Olympic_venues_in_association_football77" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Olympic_venues_in_football" title="List of Olympic venues in football">Olympic venues in association football</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1890s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1896_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1896 Summer Olympics">1896</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Neo_Phaliron_Velodrome" title="Neo Phaliron Velodrome">Neo Phaliron Velodrome</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1900s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1900_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1900 Summer Olympics">1900</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/V%C3%A9lodrome_de_Vincennes" title="Vélodrome de Vincennes">Vélodrome de Vincennes</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1904_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1904 Summer Olympics">1904</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Francis_Olympic_Field" title="Francis Olympic Field">Francis Olympic Field</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1908_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1908 Summer Olympics">1908</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/White_City_Stadium" title="White City Stadium">White City Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1910s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1912_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1912 Summer Olympics">1912</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A5sunda_IP" title="Råsunda IP">Råsunda IP</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stockholm_Olympic_Stadium" title="Stockholm Olympic Stadium">Stockholm Olympic Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Tranebergs_Idrottsplats" title="Tranebergs Idrottsplats">Tranebergs Idrottsplats</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1920s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1920_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1920 Summer Olympics">1920</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jules_Ottenstadion" title="Jules Ottenstadion">Jules Ottenstadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympisch_Stadion_(Antwerp)" title="Olympisch Stadion (Antwerp)">Olympisch Stadion</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Stade_Joseph_Marien" class="mw-redirect" title="Stade Joseph Marien">Stade Joseph Marien</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadion_Broodstraat" title="Stadion Broodstraat">Stadion Broodstraat</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1924_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1924 Summer Olympics">1924</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stade_Bergeyre" title="Stade Bergeyre">Stade Bergeyre</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_Yves-du-Manoir" title="Stade Yves-du-Manoir">Stade Yves-du-Manoir</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Stade_de_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Stade de Paris">Stade de Paris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_Pershing" title="Stade Pershing">Stade Pershing</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1928_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1928 Summer Olympics">1928</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Monnikenhuize" title="Monnikenhuize">Monnikenhuize</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Amsterdam)" title="Olympic Stadium (Amsterdam)">Olympic Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Sparta_Stadion_Het_Kasteel" title="Sparta Stadion Het Kasteel">Sparta Stadion Het Kasteel</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1930s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1936_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1936 Summer Olympics">1936</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stadion_am_Gesundbrunnen" title="Stadion am Gesundbrunnen">Hertha-BSC Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mommsenstadion" title="Mommsenstadion">Mommsenstadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympiastadion_(Berlin)" title="Olympiastadion (Berlin)">Olympiastadion</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Poststadion" title="Poststadion">Poststadion</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1940s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1948_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1948 Summer Olympics">1948</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Arsenal_Stadium" title="Arsenal Stadium">Arsenal Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Champion_Hill" title="Champion Hill">Champion Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Craven_Cottage" title="Craven Cottage">Craven Cottage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium_(1923)" title="Wembley Stadium (1923)">Empire Stadium</a> (medal matches), <a href="/wiki/Fratton_Park" title="Fratton Park">Fratton Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goldstone_Ground" title="Goldstone Ground">Goldstone Ground</a>, <a href="/wiki/Green_Pond_Road" title="Green Pond Road">Green Pond Road</a>, <a href="/wiki/Griffin_Park" title="Griffin Park">Griffin Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Road" title="Lynn Road">Lynn Road</a>, <a href="/wiki/Selhurst_Park" title="Selhurst Park">Selhurst Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/White_Hart_Lane" title="White Hart Lane">White Hart Lane</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1952_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1952 Summer Olympics">1952</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Arto_Tolsa_Areena" title="Arto Tolsa Areena">Kotkan urheilukeskus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Veritas_Stadion" title="Veritas Stadion">Kupittaan jalkapallostadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lahden_kisapuisto" title="Lahden kisapuisto">Lahden kisapuisto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Olympic_Stadium" title="Helsinki Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Tampere_Stadium" title="Tampere Stadium">Ratina Stadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/T%C3%B6%C3%B6l%C3%B6n_Pallokentt%C3%A4" title="Töölön Pallokenttä">Töölön Pallokenttä</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Association_football_at_the_1956_Summer_Olympics" title="Association football at the 1956 Summer Olympics">1956</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground" title="Melbourne Cricket Ground">Melbourne Cricket Ground</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Park_Stadium_(Melbourne)" title="Olympic Park Stadium (Melbourne)">Olympic Park Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1960_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1960 Summer Olympics">1960</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Stadio_Artemio_Franchi" title="Stadio Artemio Franchi">Florence Communal Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Olimpico_Carlo_Zecchini" title="Stadio Olimpico Carlo Zecchini">Grosseto Communal Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Tommaso_Fattori" title="Stadio Tommaso Fattori">L'Aquila Communal Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Armando_Picchi" title="Stadio Armando Picchi">Livorno Ardenza Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_San_Paolo" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadio San Paolo">Naples Saint Paul's Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Adriatico_%E2%80%93_Giovanni_Cornacchia" title="Stadio Adriatico – Giovanni Cornacchia">Pescara Adriatic Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadio_Flaminio" title="Stadio Flaminio">Stadio Flaminio</a> (final)</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1964_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1964 Summer Olympics">1964</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Komazawa_Olympic_Park_Stadium" title="Komazawa Olympic Park Stadium">Komazawa Olympic Park Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/NHK_Spring_Mitsuzawa_Football_Stadium" title="NHK Spring Mitsuzawa Football Stadium">Mitsuzawa Football Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yanmar_Stadium_Nagai" class="mw-redirect" title="Yanmar Stadium Nagai">Nagai Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Stadium_(Tokyo,_1958)" class="mw-redirect" title="National Stadium (Tokyo, 1958)">Tokyo National Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Kyoto_Nishikyogoku_Athletic_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Kyoto Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium">Nishikyogoku Athletic Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/NACK5_Stadium_Omiya" title="NACK5 Stadium Omiya">Ōmiya Football Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chichibunomiya_Rugby_Stadium" title="Chichibunomiya Rugby Stadium">Prince Chichibu Memorial Football Field</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1968_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1968 Summer Olympics">1968</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Estadio_Azteca" title="Estadio Azteca">Estadio Azteca</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Cuauht%C3%A9moc" title="Estadio Cuauhtémoc">Estadio Cuauhtémoc</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Le%C3%B3n" title="Estadio León">Estadio Nou Camp</a>, <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Jalisco" title="Estadio Jalisco">Jalisco Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1972_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1972 Summer Olympics">1972</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dreifl%C3%BCssestadion" title="Dreiflüssestadion">Dreiflüssestadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tuja-Stadion" title="Tuja-Stadion">ESV-Stadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jahnstadion_(Regensburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jahnstadion (Regensburg)">Jahnstadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympiastadion_(Munich)" title="Olympiastadion (Munich)">Olympiastadion</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Rosenaustadion" title="Rosenaustadion">Rosenaustadion</a>, <a href="/wiki/Max-Morlock-Stadion" title="Max-Morlock-Stadion">Urban Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1976_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1976 Summer Olympics">1976</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/TD_Place_Stadium" title="TD Place Stadium">Lansdowne Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Montreal)" title="Olympic Stadium (Montreal)">Olympic Stadium</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Municipal_Stadium_(Sherbrooke)" title="Municipal Stadium (Sherbrooke)">Sherbrooke Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Varsity_Stadium" title="Varsity Stadium">Varsity Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1980_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1980 Summer Olympics">1980</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dinamo_Stadium_(Minsk)" title="Dinamo Stadium (Minsk)">Dinamo Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Central_Dynamo_Stadium" title="Central Dynamo Stadium">Dynamo Central Stadium – Grand Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_Stadium" title="Luzhniki Stadium">Central Lenin Stadium – Grand Arena</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Kirov_Stadium" title="Kirov Stadium">Kirov Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olimpiyskiy_National_Sports_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="Olimpiyskiy National Sports Complex">Republican Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1984_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1984 Summer Olympics">1984</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Harvard_Stadium" title="Harvard Stadium">Harvard Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Navy%E2%80%93Marine_Corps_Memorial_Stadium" title="Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium">Navy–Marine Corps Memorial Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rose_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Rose Bowl (stadium)">Rose Bowl</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Stadium" title="Stanford Stadium">Stanford Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1988_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1988 Summer Olympics">1988</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Busan_Gudeok_Stadium" title="Busan Gudeok Stadium">Busan Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daegu_Civic_Stadium" title="Daegu Civic Stadium">Daegu Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daejeon_Hanbat_Sports_Complex" title="Daejeon Hanbat Sports Complex">Daejeon Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dongdaemun_Stadium" title="Dongdaemun Stadium">Dongdaemun Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gwangju_Mudeung_Stadium" title="Gwangju Mudeung Stadium">Gwangju Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Olympic_Stadium" title="Seoul Olympic Stadium">Olympic Stadium</a> (final)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1992_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1992 Summer Olympics">1992</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Estadi_de_la_Nova_Creu_Alta" title="Estadi de la Nova Creu Alta">Estadi de la Nova Creu Alta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camp_Nou" title="Camp Nou">Camp Nou</a> (final), <a href="/wiki/Mestalla_Stadium" title="Mestalla Stadium">Estadio Luís Casanova</a>, <a href="/wiki/La_Romareda" title="La Romareda">La Romareda</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sarri%C3%A0_Stadium" title="Sarrià Stadium">Sarrià Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_1996_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 1996 Summer Olympics">1996</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Camping_World_Stadium" title="Camping World Stadium">Florida Citrus Bowl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Legion_Field" title="Legion Field">Legion Field</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miami_Orange_Bowl" title="Miami Orange Bowl">Orange Bowl</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_F._Kennedy_Memorial_Stadium" title="Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Stadium">RFK Memorial Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sanford_Stadium" title="Sanford Stadium">Sanford Stadium</a> (both finals)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2000_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2000 Summer Olympics">2000</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/The_Gabba" title="The Gabba">Brisbane Cricket Ground</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canberra_Stadium" title="Canberra Stadium">Bruce Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindmarsh_Stadium" title="Hindmarsh Stadium">Hindmarsh Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Cricket_Ground" title="Melbourne Cricket Ground">Melbourne Cricket Ground</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stadium_Australia" title="Stadium Australia">Olympic Stadium</a> (men's final), <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Football_Stadium_(1988)" title="Sydney Football Stadium (1988)">Sydney Football Stadium</a> (women's final)</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2004_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2004 Summer Olympics">2004</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kaftanzoglio_Stadium" title="Kaftanzoglio Stadium">Kaftanzoglio Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karaiskakis_Stadium" title="Karaiskakis Stadium">Karaiskakis Stadium</a> (women's final), <a href="/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(Athens)" title="Olympic Stadium (Athens)">Olympic Stadium</a> (men's final), <a href="/wiki/Pampeloponnisiako_Stadium" title="Pampeloponnisiako Stadium">Pampeloponnisiako Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pankritio_Stadium" title="Pankritio Stadium">Pankritio Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panthessaliko_Stadium" title="Panthessaliko Stadium">Panthessaliko Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2008_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2008 Summer Olympics">2008</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Beijing_National_Stadium" title="Beijing National Stadium">Beijing National Stadium</a> (men's final), <a href="/wiki/Qinhuangdao_Olympic_Sports_Center_Stadium" title="Qinhuangdao Olympic Sports Center Stadium">Qinhuangdao Olympic Sports Center Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Stadium" title="Shanghai Stadium">Shanghai Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Shenyang_Olympic_Sports_Center_Stadium" class="mw-redirect" title="Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium">Shenyang Olympic Sports Center Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tianjin_Olympic_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Tianjin Olympic Center">Tianjin Olympic Center Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Stadium_(former)" class="mw-redirect" title="Workers' Stadium (former)">Workers' Stadium</a> (women's final)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2012_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics">2012</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Coventry_Arena" class="mw-redirect" title="Coventry Arena">Coventry Arena</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hampden_Park" title="Hampden Park">Hampden Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Millennium_Stadium" title="Millennium Stadium">Millennium Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/St_James%27_Park" title="St James' Park">St James' Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Old_Trafford" title="Old Trafford">Old Trafford</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wembley_Stadium" title="Wembley Stadium">Wembley Stadium</a> (both finals)</dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2016_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2016 Summer Olympics">2016</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A1dio_Nacional_Man%C3%A9_Garrincha" title="Estádio Nacional Mané Garrincha">Estádio Nacional de Brasília</a>, <a href="/wiki/Itaipava_Arena_Fonte_Nova" class="mw-redirect" title="Itaipava Arena Fonte Nova">Arena Fonte Nova</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mineir%C3%A3o" title="Mineirão">Mineirão</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arena_Corinthians" title="Arena Corinthians">Arena Corinthians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arena_da_Amaz%C3%B4nia" title="Arena da Amazônia">Arena da Amazônia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Est%C3%A1dio_Ol%C3%ADmpico_Nilton_Santos" title="Estádio Olímpico Nilton Santos">Estádio Olímpico João Havelange</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maracan%C3%A3_Stadium" title="Maracanã Stadium">Maracanã</a> (both finals)</dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2020_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2020 Summer Olympics">2020</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Nissan_Stadium_(Yokohama)" title="Nissan Stadium (Yokohama)">International Stadium Yokohama</a> (both finals), <a href="/wiki/Kashima_Soccer_Stadium" title="Kashima Soccer Stadium">Kashima Soccer Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miyagi_Stadium" title="Miyagi Stadium">Miyagi Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saitama_Stadium_2002" title="Saitama Stadium 2002">Saitama Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sapporo_Dome" title="Sapporo Dome">Sapporo Dome</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ajinomoto_Stadium" title="Ajinomoto Stadium">Tokyo Stadium</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2024_Summer_Olympics" title="Football at the 2024 Summer Olympics">2024</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Parc_des_Princes" title="Parc des Princes">Parc des Princes</a> (both finals), <a href="/wiki/Parc_Olympique_Lyonnais" title="Parc Olympique Lyonnais">Parc Olympique Lyonnais</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_de_la_Beaujoire" title="Stade de la Beaujoire">Stade de la Beaujoire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allianz_Riviera" title="Allianz Riviera">Stade de Nice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_Geoffroy-Guichard" title="Stade Geoffroy-Guichard">Stade Geoffroy-Guichard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nouveau_Stade_de_Bordeaux" title="Nouveau Stade de Bordeaux">Stade Matmut Atlantique</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stade_V%C3%A9lodrome" title="Stade Vélodrome">Stade Vélodrome</a></dd> <dt><a href="/wiki/Football_at_the_2028_Summer_Olympics" class="mw-redirect" title="Football at the 2028 Summer Olympics">2028</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Rose_Bowl_(stadium)" title="Rose Bowl (stadium)">Rose Bowl</a> (both finals), <a href="/wiki/BMO_Stadium" title="BMO Stadium">BMO Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Levi%27s_Stadium" title="Levi's Stadium">Levi's Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/PayPal_Park" title="PayPal Park">PayPal Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Stadium" title="Stanford Stadium">Stanford Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/California_Memorial_Stadium" title="California Memorial Stadium">California Memorial Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Snapdragon_Stadium" title="Snapdragon Stadium">Snapdragon Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2030s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/w/index.php?title=Football_at_the_2032_Summer_Olympics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Football at the 2032 Summer Olympics (page does not exist)">2032</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lang_Park" title="Lang Park">Lang Park</a> (both finals), <a href="/wiki/Barlow_Park" title="Barlow Park">Barlow Park</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_Rectangular_Stadium" title="Melbourne Rectangular Stadium">Melbourne Rectangular Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Queensland_Stadium" title="North Queensland Stadium">North Queensland Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_Coast_Stadium" title="Sunshine Coast Stadium">Sunshine Coast Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sydney_Football_Stadium_(2022)" title="Sydney Football Stadium (2022)">Sydney Football Stadium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robina_Stadium" title="Robina Stadium">Robina Stadium</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><a href="/wiki/File:Football_pictogram.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Football_pictogram.svg/50px-Football_pictogram.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Football_pictogram.svg/75px-Football_pictogram.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cf/Football_pictogram.svg/100px-Football_pictogram.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Finland_articles687" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Finland_topics" title="Template:Finland topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Finland_topics" title="Template talk:Finland topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Finland_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Finland topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Finland_articles687" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finland</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Finland-related_topics" title="List of Finland-related topics">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Finland" title="History of Finland">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Finland" class="mw-redirect" title="Prehistoric Finland">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland_under_Swedish_rule" title="Finland under Swedish rule">Finland under Swedish rule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cudgel_War" title="Cudgel War">Cudgel War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Northern_War" title="Great Northern War">Great Northern War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finland_during_the_Great_Northern_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Finland during the Great Northern War">The Great Wrath</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_War" title="Finnish War">Finnish War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Duchy_of_Finland" title="Grand Duchy of Finland">Grand Duchy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golden_Age_of_Finnish_Art" title="Golden Age of Finnish Art">Golden Age of Finnish Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Independence_of_Finland" title="Independence of Finland">Independence of Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Civil_War" title="Finnish Civil War">Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland_in_World_War_II" title="Finland in World War II">Finland in World War II</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winter_War" title="Winter War">Winter War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuation_War" title="Continuation War">Continuation War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lapland_War" title="Lapland War">Lapland War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finlandization" title="Finlandization">Finlandization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Finland_(1917%E2%80%93present)" title="History of Finland (1917–present)">History of independent Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_Finland" title="Military history of Finland">Military history</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Finland" title="Geography of Finland">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_and_towns_in_Finland" title="List of cities and towns in Finland">Cities and towns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_extreme_points_of_Finland" title="List of extreme points of Finland">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Finland" title="Geology of Finland">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Finland" title="List of islands of Finland">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Finland" title="List of lakes of Finland">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipalities_of_Finland" title="Municipalities of Finland">Municipalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Finland" title="List of national parks of Finland">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Finland" title="Provinces of Finland">Provinces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Finland" title="Regions of Finland">Regions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%85land" title="Åland">Åland</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Finland" title="List of rivers of Finland">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_urban_areas_in_Finland_by_population" title="List of urban areas in Finland by population">Urban areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oulu" title="Oulu">Oulu</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Tampere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turku" title="Turku">Turku</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wildlife_of_Finland" title="Wildlife of Finland">Wildlife</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Finland" title="Politics of Finland">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Finland" title="Administrative divisions of Finland">Administrative divisions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_Finland" title="Constitution of Finland">Constitution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Finland" title="Elections in Finland">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Finland" title="Foreign relations of Finland">Foreign relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Government" title="Finnish Government">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Finland" title="Human rights in Finland">Human rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judicial_system_of_Finland" title="Judicial system of Finland">Judiciary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_of_Finland" title="Law of Finland">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_Finland" title="Law enforcement in Finland">Law enforcement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Defence_Forces" title="Finnish Defence Forces">Military</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93NATO_relations" title="Finland–NATO relations">NATO</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Finland" title="Parliament of Finland">Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Finland" title="List of political parties in Finland">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/President_of_Finland" title="President of Finland">President</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Finland" title="Prime Minister of Finland">Prime Minister</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Finland" title="Economy of Finland">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Finland" title="Agriculture in Finland">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_of_Finland" title="Bank of Finland">Central bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energy_in_Finland" title="Energy in Finland">Energy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Finnish_government_enterprises" title="List of Finnish government enterprises">Government-owned companies</a></li> <li> <a href="/wiki/Industry_in_Finland" title="Industry in Finland">Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_income_policy_agreement_(Finland)" title="National income policy agreement (Finland)">National income agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_model" title="Nordic model">Nordic model</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_maritime_cluster" title="Finnish maritime cluster">Ship-building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_startup_scene" title="Finnish startup scene">Startups</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasdaq_Helsinki" title="Nasdaq Helsinki">Stock exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxation_in_Finland" title="Taxation in Finland">Taxation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Finland" title="Telecommunications in Finland">Telecommunications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Finland" title="Tourism in Finland">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Finland" title="Transport in Finland">Transport</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rail_transport_in_Finland" title="Rail transport in Finland">Rail</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Finland" title="Category:Society of Finland">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion_in_Finland" title="Abortion in Finland">Abortion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_Finland" title="Crime in Finland">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Finland" title="Climate change in Finland">Climate change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Finland" title="Demographics of Finland">Demographics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Finland" title="Education in Finland">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finns" title="Finns">Finns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Finland" title="Healthcare in Finland">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Finland" title="Languages of Finland">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_language" title="Finnish language">Finnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland_Swedish" title="Finland Swedish">Swedish</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Finland" title="Religion in Finland">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_in_Finland" title="Welfare in Finland">Welfare system</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Finland" title="Culture of Finland">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maamme" title="Maamme">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Finland" title="Architecture of Finland">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_art" title="Finnish art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cinema_of_Finland" title="Cinema of Finland">Cinema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms_of_Finland" title="Coat of arms of Finland">Coat of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_cuisine" title="Finnish cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Finland" title="Flag of Finland">Flag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore_of_Finland" title="Folklore of Finland">Folklore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_literature" title="Finnish literature">Literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kalevala" title="Kalevala">The Kalevala</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_in_Finland" title="Telecommunications in Finland">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Finland" title="Music of Finland">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_mythology" title="Finnish mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_national_symbols" title="Finnish national symbols">National symbols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_holidays_in_Finland" title="Public holidays in Finland">Public holidays</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Independence_Day_(Finland)" title="Independence Day (Finland)">Independence Day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_sauna" title="Finnish sauna">Sauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Finland" title="Sport in Finland">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Finland" title="List of World Heritage Sites in 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