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[o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Нэбтэрхэ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Больше возможностей" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Хубиин зэмсэгүүд" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Хубиин зэмсэгүүд</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Хэрэглэлгын меню" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_bxr.wikipedia.org&uselang=bxr"><span>Хандиб үргэхэ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0_%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%81%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%85%D1%8D&returnto=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Бүридхэлэй бэшэлгэ зохёогоод системэ руу орохыетнай бидэ танда дурадханабди, харин тэрэ заатагүй бэшэ."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Хэрэглэгшын дансаяа үүсхэхэ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%9D%D1%8D%D0%B1%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%8D&returnto=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Эндэ системэдэ бүридхэлдэ орожо болохо, гэбэшье,заатагүй тиихэ уялгатай бэшэт. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Нэбтэрхэ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Страницы для неавторизованных редакторов <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D2%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B6%D0%B0:%D0%92%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" aria-label="Подробнее о редактировании"><span>узнать больше</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Энэ IP-хаягһаа хэгдэһэн заһабаринуудай список [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Тааруулга</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9:%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Минии IP-иин хэлсэлгын хуудаһан [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Хэлэлсэхэ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Сайт"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Гаршаг" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Гаршаг</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">нюуха</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Эхин</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Үгын_гарал" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Үгын_гарал"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Үгын гарал</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Үгын_гарал-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Уласай_онсолиг" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Уласай_онсолиг"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Уласай онсолиг</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Уласай_онсолиг-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Улас_ороной_түрэл" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Улас_ороной_түрэл"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Улас ороной түрэл</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Улас_ороной_түрэл-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Отобразить/Скрыть подраздел Улас ороной түрэл</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Улас_ороной_түрэл-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Улас" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Улас"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Улас</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Улас-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Үндэһэтэн" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Үндэһэтэн"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Үндэһэтэн</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Үндэһэтэн-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Зүүлтэ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Зүүлтэ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Зүүлтэ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Зүүлтэ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Гаршаг" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Отобразить/Скрыть содержание" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Отобразить/Скрыть содержание</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Улас</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Перейти к статье на другом языке. Доступно на 179 языках" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-179" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">179 хэлые 179 хэлэнүүдые</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staat" title="Staat — африкаанс" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Staat" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="африкаанс" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staat" title="Staat — швейцарский немецкий" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Staat" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="швейцарский немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8C%88%E1%88%AD_%E1%8C%8D%E1%8B%9B%E1%89%B5" title="አገር ግዛት — амхарский" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አገር ግዛት" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="амхарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estau" title="Estau — арагонский" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Estau" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="арагонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9" title="دولة — арабский" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دولة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="арабский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%90%DC%AC%DC%AA%DC%90" title="ܐܬܪܐ — арамейский" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܐܬܪܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="арамейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A9" title="دولة — Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="دولة" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D9%87" title="دوله — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="دوله" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Est%C3%A1u" title="Estáu — астурийский" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Estáu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="астурийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%85%D1%8A" title="Пачалихъ — аварский" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Пачалихъ" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="аварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C3%B6vl%C9%99t" title="Dövlət — азербайджанский" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Dövlət" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="азербайджанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA" title="دؤولت — South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="دؤولت" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D3%99%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%82" title="Дәүләт — башкирский" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Дәүләт" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="башкирский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoot" title="Stoot — Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Stoot" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valst%C4%ABb%C4%97" title="Valstībė — Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Valstībė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Дзяржава — белорусский" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Дзяржава" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="белорусский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B7%D1%8F%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Дзяржава — белорусский (тарашкевица)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дзяржава" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="белорусский (тарашкевица)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negeri" title="Negeri — Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Negeri" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Държава — болгарский" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Държава" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="болгарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagara" title="Nagara — Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Nagara" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="রাষ্ট্র — бенгальский" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রাষ্ট্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="бенгальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stad" title="Stad — бретонский" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Stad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="бретонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr%C5%BEava" title="Država — боснийский" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Država" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="боснийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estat_(pol%C3%ADtica)" title="Estat (política) — каталанский" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Estat (política)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="каталанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%85" title="Пачхьалкх — чеченский" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Пачхьалкх" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="чеченский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado" title="Estado — себуано" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Estado" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="себуано" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8F%8D%E1%8E%A6%E1%8F%9A%E1%8E%A9" title="ᏍᎦᏚᎩ — чероки" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᏍᎦᏚᎩ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="чероки" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%DB%95%D9%88%DA%B5%DB%95%D8%AA" title="دەوڵەت — центральнокурдский" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="دەوڵەت" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="центральнокурдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statu" title="Statu — корсиканский" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Statu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="корсиканский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A1t" title="Stát — чешский" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Stát" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="чешский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%84stw%C3%B2" title="Państwò — кашубский" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Państwò" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="кашубский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%88%D0%B0%D0%BB%C4%83%D1%85" title="Патшалăх — чувашский" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Патшалăх" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="чувашский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwladwriaeth" title="Gwladwriaeth — валлийский" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwladwriaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="валлийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — датский" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="датский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staat" title="Staat — немецкий" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Staat" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="немецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewlete" title="Dewlete — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Dewlete" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — нижнелужицкий" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="нижнелужицкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Κράτος — греческий" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κράτος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="греческий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/State_(polity)" title="State (polity) — английский" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="State (polity)" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="английский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Ctato" title="Ŝtato — эсперанто" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝtato" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="эсперанто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado" title="Estado — испанский" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estado" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="испанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riik" title="Riik — эстонский" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Riik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="эстонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estatu" title="Estatu — баскский" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Estatu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="баскский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estau" title="Estau — Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Estau" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA" title="دولت — персидский" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دولت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="персидский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leydi" title="Leydi — фулах" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Leydi" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="фулах" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valtio" title="Valtio — финский" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Valtio" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="финский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riik" title="Riik — выруский" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Riik" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="выруский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tat" title="État — французский" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="État" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="французский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stoot" title="Stoot — северный фризский" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Stoot" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="северный фризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A2t" title="Stât — фриульский" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Stât" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="фриульский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steat" title="Steat — западнофризский" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Steat" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="западнофризский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/St%C3%A1t_(polait%C3%AD)" title="Stát (polaití) — ирландский" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Stát (polaití)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ирландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9ta" title="Léta — Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Léta" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado" title="Estado — галисийский" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Estado" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="галисийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tet%C3%A3" title="Tetã — гуарани" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tetã" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="гуарани" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jaha" title="Jaha — хауса" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Jaha" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="хауса" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moku%CA%BB%C4%81ina" title="Mokuʻāina — гавайский" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Mokuʻāina" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="гавайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="מדינה — иврит" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדינה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="иврит" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="राज्य — хинди" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राज्य" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="хинди" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/State" title="State — Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="State" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr%C5%BEava" title="Država — хорватский" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Država" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="хорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — верхнелужицкий" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="верхнелужицкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eta" title="Eta — гаитянский" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Eta" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="гаитянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81llam" title="Állam — венгерский" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Állam" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="венгерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Պետություն — армянский" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պետություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="армянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stato" title="Stato — интерлингва" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Stato" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="интерлингва" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara_(pemerintahan)" title="Negara (pemerintahan) — индонезийский" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Negara (pemerintahan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="индонезийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado" title="Estado — илоко" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Estado" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="илоко" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%87%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%85%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BA%D1%85%D0%B5" title="Паччахьалкхе — ингушский" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Паччахьалкхе" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ингушский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stato" title="Stato — идо" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Stato" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="идо" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADki" title="Ríki — исландский" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Ríki" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="исландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stato" title="Stato — итальянский" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Stato" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="итальянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="国家 — японский" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="国家" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="японский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagara" title="Nagara — яванский" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Nagara" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="яванский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%AC%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D" title="სახელმწიფო — грузинский" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სახელმწიფო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="грузинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1mleket" title="Mámleket — каракалпакский" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Mámleket" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="каракалпакский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Awanak" title="Awanak — кабильский" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Awanak" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="кабильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbd mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D1%8D%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Къэрал — кабардинский" lang="kbd" hreflang="kbd" data-title="Къэрал" data-language-autonym="Адыгэбзэ" data-language-local-name="кабардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Адыгэбзэ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kewiya%C9%A3_%C9%9Bja%C9%96%C9%9B" title="Kewiyaɣ ɛjaɖɛ — Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Kewiyaɣ ɛjaɖɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Мемлекет — казахский" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мемлекет" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="казахский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8A%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8B" title="រដ្ឋ — кхмерский" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="រដ្ឋ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="кхмерский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AD%EA%B0%80" title="국가 — корейский" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="국가" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="корейский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-koi mw-list-item"><a href="https://koi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Канму — коми-пермяцкий" lang="koi" hreflang="koi" data-title="Канму" data-language-autonym="Перем коми" data-language-local-name="коми-пермяцкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Перем коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%8A%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Кърал — карачаево-балкарский" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Кърал" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="карачаево-балкарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dewlet" title="Dewlet — курдский" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Dewlet" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="курдский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BC%D1%83" title="Канму — коми" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Канму" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="коми" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — корнский" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="корнский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%82" title="Мамлекет — киргизский" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мамлекет" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="киргизский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civitas" title="Civitas — латинский" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Civitas" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="латинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staat" title="Staat — люксембургский" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Staat" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="люксембургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staot" title="Staot — лимбургский" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Staot" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="лимбургский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stato" title="Stato — Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Stato" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Let%C3%A1" title="Letá — лингала" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Letá" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="лингала" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%94" title="ລັດ — лаосский" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ລັດ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="лаосский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valstyb%C4%97" title="Valstybė — литовский" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Valstybė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="литовский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valsts" title="Valsts — латышский" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Valsts" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="латышский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara" title="Negara — Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Negara" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Кирдемасторсь — мокшанский" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Кирдемасторсь" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="мокшанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fanjakana" title="Fanjakana — малагасийский" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Fanjakana" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="малагасийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%B3%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%88" title="Кугыжаныш — луговомарийский" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Кугыжаныш" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="луговомарийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Држава — македонский" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Држава" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="македонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B7%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="രാഷ്ട്രം — малаялам" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="രാഷ്ട്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="малаялам" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Улс — монгольский" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Улс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="монгольский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="राज्य — маратхи" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="राज्य" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="маратхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negara_(politik)" title="Negara (politik) — малайский" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Negara (politik)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="малайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stado" title="Stado — мирандский" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Stado" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="мирандский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Кирдимастор — эрзянский" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Кирдимастор" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="эрзянский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stato" title="Stato — неаполитанский" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Stato" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="неаполитанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staat" title="Staat — нижненемецкий" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Staat" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="нижненемецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staot" title="Staot — нижнесаксонский" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Staot" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="нижнесаксонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF" title="राज्य — неварский" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="राज्य" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="неварский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staat_(politiek)" title="Staat (politiek) — нидерландский" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Staat (politiek)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="нидерландский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — нюнорск" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="нюнорск" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — норвежский букмол" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="норвежский букмол" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tat" title="État — Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="État" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estat" title="Estat — окситанский" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Estat" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="окситанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B7%D0%B0%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Паддзахад — осетинский" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Паддзахад" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="осетинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C_(%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A7)" title="ਰਾਜ (ਰਾਜ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧ) — панджаби" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਾਜ (ਰਾਜ ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧ)" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="панджаби" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado_(politica)" title="Estado (politica) — папьяменто" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Estado (politica)" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="папьяменто" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staat" title="Staat — Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Staat" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%84stwo" title="Państwo — польский" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Państwo" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="польский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="ریاست — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ریاست" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CF%81%CE%AC%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Κράτος — понтийский" lang="pnt" hreflang="pnt" data-title="Κράτος" data-language-autonym="Ποντιακά" data-language-local-name="понтийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ποντιακά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA" title="دولت — пушту" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="دولت" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="пушту" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado" title="Estado — португальский" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estado" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="португальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mama_llaqta" title="Mama llaqta — кечуа" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Mama llaqta" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="кечуа" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stadi" title="Stadi — романшский" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Stadi" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="романшский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rmy mw-list-item"><a href="https://rmy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stato" title="Stato — влашский цыганский" lang="rmy" hreflang="rmy" data-title="Stato" data-language-autonym="Romani čhib" data-language-local-name="влашский цыганский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Romani čhib</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — румынский" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="румынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statu" title="Statu — арумынский" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Statu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="арумынский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Государство — русский" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Государство" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="русский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Штат — русинский" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Штат" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="русинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BB" title="Ил — саха" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Ил" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="саха" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istadu" title="Istadu — сардинский" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Istadu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="сардинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statu" title="Statu — сицилийский" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Statu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="сицилийский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="رياست — синдхи" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="رياست" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="синдхи" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr%C5%BEava" title="Država — сербскохорватский" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Država" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="сербскохорватский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%BA_(%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%AB%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%A9%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%B8%E0%B6%BA)" title="රාජ්‍යය (ආණ්ඩුක්‍රමය) — сингальский" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රාජ්‍යය (ආණ්ඩුක්‍රමය)" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="сингальский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/State" title="State — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="State" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0t%C3%A1t" title="Štát — словацкий" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Štát" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="словацкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dr%C5%BEava" title="Država — словенский" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Država" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="словенский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staat%C3%A2" title="Staatâ — инари-саамский" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Staatâ" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="инари-саамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dowlad" title="Dowlad — сомали" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Dowlad" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="сомали" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shteti" title="Shteti — албанский" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Shteti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="албанский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Држава — сербский" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Држава" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="сербский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagara" title="Nagara — сунданский" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Nagara" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="сунданский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stat" title="Stat — шведский" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Stat" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="шведский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dola" title="Dola — суахили" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Dola" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="суахили" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pa%C5%84stwo" title="Państwo — силезский" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Państwo" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="силезский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="அரசு — тамильский" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அரசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="тамильский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Давлат — таджикский" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Давлат" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="таджикский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%90" title="รัฐ — тайский" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="รัฐ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="тайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado" title="Estado — тагалог" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Estado" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="тагалог" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kantri" title="Kantri — ток-писин" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Kantri" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="ток-писин" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devlet" title="Devlet — турецкий" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Devlet" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="турецкий" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiko" title="Tiko — тсонга" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Tiko" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="тсонга" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D3%99%D2%AF%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%82" title="Дәүләт — татарский" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Дәүләт" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="татарский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BD" title="Кун — удмуртский" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Кун" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="удмуртский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Держава — украинский" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Держава" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="украинский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA" title="ریاست — урду" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ریاست" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="урду" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Davlat" title="Davlat — узбекский" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Davlat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="узбекский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stato" title="Stato — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Stato" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Valdkund" title="Valdkund — вепсский" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Valdkund" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="вепсский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nh%C3%A0_n%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Bc" title="Nhà nước — вьетнамский" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nhà nước" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="вьетнамский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estado" title="Estado — варай" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Estado" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="варай" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9ew" title="Réew — волоф" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Réew" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="волоф" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%EF%BC%88%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%EF%BC%89" title="国（政治） — у" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="国（政治）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="у" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AC%E1%83%B7%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D" title="სახენწჷფო — мегрельский" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="სახენწჷფო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="мегрельский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="מדינה — идиш" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מדינה" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="идиш" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Land" title="Land — Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Land" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A1%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8F%E2%B4%BD" title="ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ — тамазигхтский" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵡⴰⵏⴽ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="тамазигхтский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B_(%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AF%A6%E9%AB%94)" title="國 (政治實體) — китайский" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="國 (政治實體)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="китайский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B" title="國 — Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="國" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pang-kok" title="Pang-kok — миньнань" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pang-kok" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="миньнань" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%8B" title="國 — кантонский" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="國" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="кантонский" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7275#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Править ссылки на другие языки" class="wbc-editpage">Ссылкэнүүдые заһаха</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Нэрэнүүдэй орон зай"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet 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mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ондоо түсэлнүүдтэ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:States" hreflang="en"><span>Викисклад</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7275" title="Ссылка на связанный элемент репозитория данных [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Викиданные хуби</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Инструменты для страниц"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Харагдаса"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Харагдаса</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">переместить в боковую панель</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">нюуха</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Сүлөөтэ Нэбтэрхы Толи — Википеэдиһээ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="bxr" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Capitol_Hill_and_Reflecting_Pool.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Capitol_Hill_and_Reflecting_Pool.jpg/220px-Capitol_Hill_and_Reflecting_Pool.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Capitol_Hill_and_Reflecting_Pool.jpg/330px-Capitol_Hill_and_Reflecting_Pool.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Capitol_Hill_and_Reflecting_Pool.jpg/440px-Capitol_Hill_and_Reflecting_Pool.jpg 2x" data-file-width="682" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%9D%D0%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="АНУ">АНУ</a>-ай <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Капитоли (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Капитоли</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Улас</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r53746">.mw-parser-output .font-mong{font-family:"Menk Hawang Tig","Menk Qagan Tig","Menk Garqag Tig","Menk Har_a Tig","Menk Scnin Tig","Oyun Gurban Ulus Tig","Oyun Qagan Tig","Oyun Garqag Tig","Oyun Har_a Tig","Oyun Scnin Tig","Oyun Agula Tig","Mongolian BT","Mongolian Baiti","Mongolian Universal White","Noto Sans Mongolian","Mongol Usug","Mongolian White","MongolianScript","Code2000","Menksoft Qagan"}.mw-parser-output .font-mong-mnc,.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(mnc-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(dta-Mong),.mw-parser-output .font-mong:lang(sjo-Mong){font-family:"Abkai Xanyan","Abkai Xanyan LA","Abkai Xanyan VT","Abkai Xanyan XX","Abkai Xanyan SC","Abkai Buleku","Daicing White","Mongolian Baiti","Mongolian Universal White","Noto Sans Mongolian"}</style><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠤᠯᠤᠰ</span>) — тодорхой газар нютагтай <b>түрэтэй</b> нэгэдэл юм.<sup id="cite_ref-oxford-state_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxford-state-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Эрхэ мэдэлээрээ <a href="/wiki/%D0%91%D2%AF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Бүрин эрхэтэ улас">бүрин эрхэтэ</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8C%D1%8F%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Харьяата улас (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">харьяата</a> хоёр янза байна. Хүсөөр гү, али албадалгагүй ниилэһэн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Холбооной улас (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">холбооной</a> тусгаар улас байхань үсөөнгүй.<sup id="cite_ref-oxford-state_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxford-state-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Мүн лэ өөр уласай манлайлал, нүмэртэ байха улас баһа бии. Улас гэдэгынь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9E%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Орон (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">орон</a> гэдэгтэй эжэл удхатай болобошье албан ёһоор хэрэглэгдэдэг. </p><p><b>Түрэ</b> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r53746"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠲᠥᠷᠦ</span>) — <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%B3%D1%8D%D0%BC" title="Ниигэм">ниигэмэй</a> ниитэлиг эрхэ ашагые хамгаалжа, ниитэлиг үйлэшэлхэ шиидбэриие гаргагша, албадалга, хүсэн хэрэглэхэ онсогой эрхэ бүхы засаглалай аппараттай, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%91%D2%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хуули ёһон (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">хуули ёһон</a>, уламжалал, зан заншалай ёһoop олгогдоһон эрхэнь тухайн нютаг дэбисхэрэй хизгаарта газаахи ямаршье хүсэнһөө үлэ хамааран заабал хэрэгжэхэ хүсэнтэй, ниигэмэй өөрөө өөрыгөө зохёон байгуулха элирхылэл болоһон улас түрэ-ниигэмэй институт юм. Түрын бии бололго гаралай талаар онол, үзэл баримталалнуудта шажанай онол; эсэгын эрхэтэ ёһоной; эзэлэлтын гү, али хүсэрхылэлэй; ниигэмэй хэрээнэй онол; түүхын материализмын; хүн зон зүйн; антропологиин; сэдьхэл зүйн; усажуулалтын зэргэ онол, үзэл баримталалнууд байна. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Үгын_гарал"><span id=".D2.AE.D0.B3.D1.8B.D0.BD_.D0.B3.D0.B0.D1.80.D0.B0.D0.BB"></span>Үгын гарал</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=1" title=""Үгын гарал" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&section=1" title="Редактировать код раздела «Үгын гарал»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:Guyuk_khan%27s_Stamp_1246.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Guyuk_khan%27s_Stamp_1246.jpg/220px-Guyuk_khan%27s_Stamp_1246.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Guyuk_khan%27s_Stamp_1246.jpg/330px-Guyuk_khan%27s_Stamp_1246.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/Guyuk_khan%27s_Stamp_1246.jpg 2x" data-file-width="434" data-file-height="434" /></a><figcaption>Гүюг хаанай тамга (1246 он)</figcaption></figure> <p>1225 оной <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A7%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D1%88%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9_%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%88%D1%8D%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Чингисэй шулуунай бэшэг (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Чингисэй шулуунай бэшэгтэ</a> <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хамаг Монгол (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">хамаг монгол</a> <b>улас</b></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r53746"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠬᠠᠮᠤᠭ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ</span>) гэжэ, хожом 1246 ондо <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%93%D2%AF%D1%8E%D0%B3_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Гүюг хаан (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Гүюг</a> хаанһаа <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A0%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Римэй папа (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Римэй папа</a> Дүрбэдүгээр Инносентдэ эльгээһэн захидалай тамгын дардаста <i><a href="/wiki/%D0%95%D1%85%D1%8D_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BE%D0%BB_%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Ехэ Монгол Улас">Ехэ Монгол Улас</a></i> (<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r53746"><span class="font-mong" style="display:inline-block; font-weight:normal; font-size: 1.25em; line-height: 1.25em; vertical-align:text-top;">ᠶᠡᠬᠡ ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯ ᠤᠯᠤᠰ</span>) гэжэ бэшэгдэһэниинь Монгол бэшэгээрхи эхэ һурбалжанууд болодог. Мүн Монгол хэлэндэ эртэһээ <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="Хүн">хүнүүд</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%AD%D1%80%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Эрхэтэн (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">эрхэтэн</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хүн зон (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">хүн зон</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%90%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4_%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Арад түмэн (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">арад түмэн</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D2%BB%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Үндэһэтэн">үндэһэтэн</a> гэжэ баһа ойлгогдожо магадгүй) гэхые өөрөөр "улас" хэмээдэгынь энэ хоёр удха угаасаа нэгэ үгэ байһан гү али нэгэнээһээ шэлжэһэн байжа магадгүй юм. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Уласай_онсолиг"><span id=".D0.A3.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.81.D0.B0.D0.B9_.D0.BE.D0.BD.D1.81.D0.BE.D0.BB.D0.B8.D0.B3"></span>Уласай онсолиг</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=2" title=""Уласай онсолиг" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&section=2" title="Редактировать код раздела «Уласай онсолиг»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Улас орониинь ехэбшэлэн өөрынгөө <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Засаглал">засагай газар</a>, түрын байгууламжа бүхы <a href="/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Хуули">хуули</a>, голшолон <a href="/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D2%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD_%D1%85%D1%83%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Үндэһэн хуули">Үндэһэн хуули</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="Сагдаа">сагдаа</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8D%D0%B3" title="Сэрэг">сэрэг</a>, <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Татабари">татабариин системэ</a>, мүн бусад ороной оршон һуугшадһаа тусхайлан бүридэһэн <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хүн зон (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">хүн зонтой</a> байдаг. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Улас_ороной_түрэл"><span id=".D0.A3.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.81_.D0.BE.D1.80.D0.BE.D0.BD.D0.BE.D0.B9_.D1.82.D2.AF.D1.80.D1.8D.D0.BB"></span>Улас ороной түрэл</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=3" title=""Улас ороной түрэл" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&section=3" title="Редактировать код раздела «Улас ороной түрэл»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Улас"><span id=".D0.A3.D0.BB.D0.B0.D1.81"></span>Улас</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=4" title=""Улас" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&section=4" title="Редактировать код раздела «Улас»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Уласынь <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D1%83%D1%81%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Тусгаар тогтонол (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">тусгаар тогтониһон</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9D%D1%8E%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%85%D1%8D%D1%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Нютаг дэбисхэр (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">нютаг дэбисхэр</a> дээрэхи <a href="/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BB" title="Засаглал">засагай газар</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хүн зон (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">хүн зон</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%85%D1%8D_%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дээдэ эрхэ мэдэл (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">дээдэ эрхэ мэдэл</a> гэһэн ойлголтонуудаар тодорхойлогдодог. </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%94%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B0_%D1%82%D1%83%D0%B9%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Дэлхэйн урда туйл (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Дэлхэйн урда туйлһаа</a> бусад бүхэ газар нютагынь улас оронуудта хубаагдаһан байдаг. <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ватикан">Ватикан хото уласые</a> оруулаад ниитэ 193 улас орон <a href="/wiki/%D0%9D%D2%AE%D0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="НҮБ">НҮБ-ын</a> гэшүүн ороноор, хүлеэн зүбшөөрэгдэһэн байдаг. Эдэ дээрэ өөрөө-тодорхойлогшо гэһэн философитой, улас болон хүлеэн зүбшөөрүүлхэ хүсэл бүхы дээдэ эрхэ мэдэлгүй нютаг дэбисхэрнүүд бии. </p><p>Тэдэнэй заримынь хүн зон, нютаг дэбисхэрээ хинаха <a href="/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B5-%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%BE" title="Де-факто">де-факто</a> бүхы <a href="/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="Тайвань">Тайвань</a> зэргэтэй адлиханшье, дээдэ эрхэ мэдэлынь хүлеэн зүбшөөрэгдөөгүй байдаг. Өөрөөр түб засагай газаргүйшье бодито байдал дээрэ улас гэһэн олон уласта хүлеэн зүбшөөрэгдэһэн уласуудшье бии. Эдэнь олон уласта тус тусай улас гэжэ ябадаггүйшье, олон уласта өөрынгөө нютаг дэбисхэр бүхы улас гэжэ хүлеэн зүбшөөрэгдэһэн байдаг. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Үндэһэтэн"><span id=".D2.AE.D0.BD.D0.B4.D1.8D.D2.BB.D1.8D.D1.82.D1.8D.D0.BD"></span>Үндэһэтэн</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=5" title=""Үндэһэтэн" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&section=5" title="Редактировать код раздела «Үндэһэтэн»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Үндэһэтэн гэдэгынь "<a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D2%AF%D1%80%D1%8D-%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Түрэ-улас (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Төрт-уласад</a> хэлбэршсэн эсвэл хэлбэршихээр эрмэлзсэн нэгдсэн нэг адлитгал бүхий хүмүүсийн бүлэглэл" юм гэж <a href="/w/index.php?title=2001&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2001 (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">2001</a> онд <a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4" title="Финланд">Финландын</a> улас төрч, судлаач <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%B0-%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9A%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BF%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Пиа-Ноора Кауппи (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Пиа-Ноора Кауппи</a> нар нь тодорхойлсон байдаг. </p><p>Эндээс улас оронд байх зүйл нь нэгдсэн нэг <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%B3%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0_%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Угсаа гарал (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">угсаа гарал</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A5%D1%8D%D0%BB_%D0%B7%D2%AF%D0%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Хэл зүй (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">хэл зүй</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A8%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Шашин (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">шашин</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A2%D2%AF%D2%AF%D1%85&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Түүх (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">түүх</a> бүхий хүмүүсийн групп юм гэж хэлж болох юм. Дээд эрх мэдэл бүхий <a href="/w/index.php?title=%D2%AE%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D2%BB%D1%8D%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BD-%D1%83%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Үндэһэтэн-улас (иимэ хуудаһан үгы)">Үндэһэтэн-улас</a> (<a href="/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D1%85%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Англи хэлэн">англи</a>: <span lang="en">nation state</span>) гэдэгһээ илгахын тулада дээдэ эрхэ мэдэлгүй үндэһэтэн байха үеын улас орон гэдэгтэй ойролсоо удхатайгаар энэ ойлголтонь хэрэглэгдэхэ болоһон. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Зүүлтэ"><span id=".D0.97.D2.AF.D2.AF.D0.BB.D1.82.D1.8D"></span>Зүүлтэ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&veaction=edit&section=6" title=""Зүүлтэ" гэһэн бүлэг заһаха" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Заһаха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81&action=edit&section=6" title="Редактировать код раздела «Зүүлтэ»"><span>үндэһэн бэшэгые заһабарилха</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r58726">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-oxford-state-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-oxford-state_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-oxford-state_1-1">1,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation"><cite style="font-style:normal"> (1995) «state» (Oxford University Press). “<b>3</b> (also <b>State</b>) <b>a</b> an organized political community under one government; a commonwealth; a nation. <b>b</b> such a community forming part of a federal republic, esp the United States of America”</cite></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:100; right:15px; top:-30px; background-color:transparent" class="metadata" id="featured-star"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8:1000_%D2%AF%D0%B3%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="заатагүй байха үгүүлэл"><img alt="заатагүй байха үгүүлэл" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wikiglobe-1000-green.svg/20px-Wikiglobe-1000-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wikiglobe-1000-green.svg/30px-Wikiglobe-1000-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Wikiglobe-1000-green.svg/40px-Wikiglobe-1000-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="34" data-file-height="34" /></a></span></div> <div class="boilerplate metadata plainlinks"> <table cellspacing="2" cellpadding="3" style="width:80%;border:solid #999 1px;background:#F8F8F8;margin:0.5em auto;clear:both"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:10%;text-align:center"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB:1000HA.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/1000HA.png/30px-1000HA.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0a/1000HA.png 1.5x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="36" /></a></span> </td> <td><b>«Улас»</b> үгүүлэл хадаа Википедидэ заатагүй байха <a href="/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B8:1000_%D2%AF%D0%B3%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Википеэди:1000 үгүүлэл">1000 эгээн шухала үгүүлэлнүүдэй</a> нэгэн юм. 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