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Semantic Scholar - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia lliure
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<div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aparença"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aparença" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " 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class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Crea_compte&returnto=Semantic+Scholar" title="Us animem a crear un compte i iniciar una sessió, encara que no és obligatori" class=""><span>Crea un compte</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Registre_i_entrada&returnto=Semantic+Scholar" title="Us animem a registrar-vos, però no és obligatori [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Inicia la sessió</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Més opcions" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Contribucions_pr%C3%B2pies" title="Una llista de les modificacions fetes des d'aquesta adreça IP [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contribucions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Discussi%C3%B3_personal" title="Discussió sobre les edicions per aquesta adreça ip. [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Discussió per aquest IP</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Lloc"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contingut" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contingut</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inici</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Tecnologia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tecnologia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Tecnologia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tecnologia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referències" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referències"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referències</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referències-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vegeu_també" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vegeu_també"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Vegeu també</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vegeu_també-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contingut" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Commuta la taula de continguts." > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Commuta la taula de continguts.</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Semantic Scholar</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Vés a un article en una altra llengua. Disponible en 31 llengües" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-31" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">31 llengües</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%83_%D8%B3%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D8%B1" title="سيمانتك سكولر - àrab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سيمانتك سكولر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="àrab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0" title="সিম্যান্টিক স্কলার - bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সিম্যান্টিক স্কলার" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - bosnià" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnià" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - txec" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="txec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - danès" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - anglès" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - espanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9_%D8%A7%D8%B3%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B1" title="سمانتیک اسکالر - persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سمانتیک اسکالر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - finès" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - francès" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" title="S2CID (identifier) - Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="S2CID (identifier)" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7_%D7%A1%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A8" title="סמנטיק סקולר - hebreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סמנטיק סקולר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B0" title="सेमैन्टिक स्कॉलर - hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सेमैन्टिक स्कॉलर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - ilocano" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ilocano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - japonès" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%8B%9C%EB%A7%A8%ED%8B%B1_%EC%8A%A4%EC%B9%BC%EB%9D%BC" title="시맨틱 스칼라 - coreà" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="시맨틱 스칼라" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - lituà" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituà" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - macedoni" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoni" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - malai" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - portuguès" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portuguès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - rus" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - serbocroat" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - eslovè" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="eslovè" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - serbi" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="เซอมานทิกสกอลาร์ - tai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เซอมานทิกสกอลาร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - ucraïnès" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraïnès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Semantic Scholar - vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Semantic Scholar" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%AD%E4%B9%89%E5%AD%A6%E8%80%85" title="语义学者 - xinès" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="语义学者" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="xinès" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q22908627#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifica enllaços interlingües" class="wbc-editpage">Modifica els enllaços</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espais de noms"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar" title="Vegeu el contingut de la pàgina [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Pàgina</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Discussi%C3%B3:Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Discussió sobre el contingut d'aquesta pàgina (encara no existeix) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussió</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Canvia la variant de llengua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">català</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=history" title="Versions antigues d'aquesta pàgina [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Eines de la pàgina"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Eines" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Eines</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Eines</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mou a la barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">amaga</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Més opcions" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Accions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Semantic_Scholar"><span>Mostra</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit" title="Modifica el codi font d'aquesta pàgina [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Modifica</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=history"><span>Mostra l'historial</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" 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dir="ltr"><table class="infobox" style="font-size:90%;width:25em"><caption style="font-weight:bold;background:Moccasin;"><span style="float:left;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Infotaula de lloc web"><img alt="Infotaula de lloc web" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Antu_tag-places-black.svg/23px-Antu_tag-places-black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Antu_tag-places-black.svg/35px-Antu_tag-places-black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Antu_tag-places-black.svg/46px-Antu_tag-places-black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="18" data-file-height="18" /></span></span></span>Semantic Scholar</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right:1.2em; background:#eeeeee; text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Localitzador_uniforme_de_recursos" title="Localitzador uniforme de recursos">URL</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.semanticscholar.org">https://www.semanticscholar.org</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908627?uselang=ca#P856" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right:1.2em; background:#eeeeee; text-align:start">Tipus</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Lloc_web" title="Lloc web">lloc web</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agregador" title="Agregador">agregador</a> i <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q109613893" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/Q109613893">graf de coneixement de ciència</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908627?uselang=ca#P31" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right:1.2em; background:#eeeeee; text-align:start">Mantenidor</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Institut_Allen_per_a_la_Intel%C2%B7lig%C3%A8ncia_Artificial" title="Institut Allen per a la Intel·ligència Artificial">Institut Allen d'Intel·ligència Artificial</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908627?uselang=ca#P126" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right:1.2em; background:#eeeeee; text-align:start">Estat</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a href="/wiki/Estats_Units_d%27Am%C3%A8rica" title="Estats Units d'Amèrica">Estats Units d'Amèrica</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908627?uselang=ca#P17" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right:1.2em; background:#eeeeee; text-align:start"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/P1661" class="extiw" title="d:Special:EntityPage/P1661">Rànquing Alexa</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start">758 (3 octubre 2019) <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908627?uselang=ca#P1661" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left;padding-right:1.2em; background:#eeeeee; text-align:start">Blog oficial</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align:start"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://blog.allenai.org/semantic-scholar/home">https://blog.allenai.org/semantic-scholar/home</a> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908627?uselang=ca#P1581" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data infobox-data" style="text-align:center;text-align:start"><hr /> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://x.com/SemanticScholar?lang=ca" title="X: SemanticScholar" rel="nofollow"><img alt="X: SemanticScholar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/X_logo_2023.svg/20px-X_logo_2023.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/X_logo_2023.svg/30px-X_logo_2023.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/X_logo_2023.svg/40px-X_logo_2023.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="271" /></a></span> <span class="penicon"><span class="mw-valign-baseline" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22908627?uselang=ca#identifiers" title="Modifica el valor a Wikidata"><img alt="Modifica el valor a Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/10px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/15px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Arbcom_ru_editing.svg/20px-Arbcom_ru_editing.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Semantic Scholar</b></i> és un <a href="/wiki/Motor_de_cerca" title="Motor de cerca">motor de cerca</a> recolzat per un sistema de <a href="/wiki/Intel%C2%B7lig%C3%A8ncia_artificial" title="Intel·ligència artificial">intel·ligència artificial</a> dedicat a treballar amb publicacions acadèmiques. Desenvolupat a l'<a href="/wiki/Allen_Institute_for_Artificial_Intelligence" class="mw-redirect" title="Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence">Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence</a>, es va llançar al públic el novembre de 2015.Utilitza avenços recents en el processament del llenguatge natural per proporcionar resums d'articles acadèmics.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tecnologia">Tecnologia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifica la secció: Tecnologia"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Semantic Scholar</i> està concebut per proporcionar <i>resums en una sola frase</i> d'articles científics. Un dels seus objectius era abordar el desafiament de llegir nombrosos títols i extensos resums en dispositius mòbils. També busca assegurar que els tres milions d'articles científics publicats anualment arribin als lectors, ja que s'estima que només la meitat d'aquesta literatura es llegeix alguna vegada.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>La intel·ligència artificial s'utilitza per captar l'essència d'un article mitjançant una tècnica "abstractiva". i <a href="/wiki/Visi%C3%B3_artificial" title="Visió artificial">visió artificial</a> per afegir un factor d'anàlisi semàntica als mètodes tradicionals de anàlisi de cites, podent alhora extreure figures, entitats i aspectes rellevants dels articles.<sup id="cite_ref-Bohannon2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bohannon2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /> En comparació amb <a href="/wiki/Google_Acad%C3%A8mic" title="Google Acadèmic">Google Acadèmic</a> i <a href="/wiki/PubMed" title="PubMed">PubMed</a>, <i>Semantic Scholar</i> està dissenyat per destacar els articles més importants i influents i identificar les connexions entre ells. A cada article allotjat per <i>Semantic Scholar</i> se li assigna un <a href="/wiki/Identificador" title="Identificador">identificador</a> únic anomenat <i>Semantic Scholar Corpus ID</i> (o S2CID per abreujar).<sup title="El text on hi ha aquest avís necessita una citació." class="noprint"><span class="noprint" style="color:blue;">[<a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Citau_les_fonts" title="Viquipèdia:Citau les fonts"><i>cal citació</i></a>]</span></sup> </p><p>Al gener de 2018, després d'un projecte de 2017 que va afegir articles i resums de temes biomèdics, el corpus de <i>Semantic Scholar</i> incloïa més de 40 milions d'articles sobre <a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%A8ncies_de_la_computaci%C3%B3" title="Ciències de la computació">ciències de la computació</a> i <a href="/wiki/Biomedicina" title="Biomedicina">biomedicina</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Al març de 2018, Doug Raymond, que va desenvolupar les iniciatives de <a href="/wiki/Aprenentatge_autom%C3%A0tic" title="Aprenentatge automàtic">aprenentatge automàtic</a> per a la plataforma <a href="/wiki/Amazon_Alexa" title="Amazon Alexa">Amazon Alexa</a>, va ser contractat per liderar el projecte <i>Semantic Scholar</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A l'agost del 2019, la quantitat d'articles inclosos havia augmentat a més de 173 milions després de l'addició dels registres de Microsoft Academic.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>El 2020, els usuaris de <i>Semantic Scholar</i> van assolir els set milions al mes.<sup title="El text on hi ha aquest avís necessita una citació." class="noprint"><span class="noprint" style="color:blue;">[<a href="/wiki/Viquip%C3%A8dia:Citau_les_fonts" title="Viquipèdia:Citau les fonts"><i>cal citació</i></a>]</span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referències"><span id="Refer.C3.A8ncies"></span>Referències</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifica la secció: Referències"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist {{#if: | references-column-count references-column-count-{{{col}}}" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:02-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-:02_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFHao2020"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Hao</span>, Karen. «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/11/18/1012259/ai-summarizes-science-papers-ai2-semantic-scholar/">An AI helps you summarize the latest in AI</a>» (en anglès), 18-11-2020. [Consulta: 16 febrer 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://venturebeat.com/2019/10/23/allen-institutes-semantic-scholar-now-searches-across-175-million-academic-papers/">Allen Institute's Semantic Scholar now searches across 175 million academic papers</a>» (en anglès americà), 23-10-2019. [Consulta: 16 febrer 2021].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bohannon2-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Bohannon2_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal" id="CITEREFBohannon2016"><span style="font-variant: small-caps;">Bohannon</span>, John «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200429134813/https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/11/computer-program-just-ranked-most-influential-brain-scientists-modern-era">A computer program just ranked the most influential brain scientists of the modern era</a>». <i><a href="/wiki/Science" title="Science">Science</a></i>, 11-11-2016. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/11/computer-program-just-ranked-most-influential-brain-scientists-modern-era">original</a> el 29 d'abril de 2020. <a href="/wiki/DOI" title="DOI">DOI</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.aal0371">10.1126/science.aal0371</a> [Consulta: 12 novembre 2016].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal"> «<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geekwire.com/2017/ai2-semantic-scholar-biomedicine/">AI2 scales up Semantic Scholar search engine to encompass biomedical research</a>» (en anglès). <i>GeekWire</i>, 17-10-2017 [Consulta: 18 gener 2018].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180510120907/https://www.geekwire.com/2018/tech-moves-allen-institute-hires-amazon-alexa-machine-learning-leader-microsoft-chairman-takes-new-investor-role/">Tech Moves: Allen Instititue Hires Amazon Alexa Machine Learning Leader; Microsoft Chairman Takes on New Investor Role; and More</a>».  GeekWire, 02-05-2018. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geekwire.com/2018/tech-moves-allen-institute-hires-amazon-alexa-machine-learning-leader-microsoft-chairman-takes-new-investor-role/">original</a> el 2018-05-10. [Consulta: 9 maig 2018].</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation" style="font-style:normal">«<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190825181331/https://www.geekwire.com/2018/ai2-joins-forces-microsoft-upgrade-search-tools-scientific-research/">AI2 joins forces with Microsoft Research to upgrade search tools for scientific studies</a>», 05-12-2018. Arxivat de l'<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geekwire.com/2018/ai2-joins-forces-microsoft-upgrade-search-tools-scientific-research/">original</a> el 2019-08-25. [Consulta: 25 agost 2019].</span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vegeu_també"><span id="Vegeu_tamb.C3.A9"></span>Vegeu també</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Semantic_Scholar&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifica la secció: Vegeu també"><span>modifica</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dndex_de_cites" title="Índex de cites">Índex de cites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cienciometria" title="Cienciometria">Cienciometria</a></li></ul> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐5f5f97c4f5‐bcznl Cached time: 20241121153623 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.308 seconds Real time usage: 0.423 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 4228/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 23168/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 11194/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5165/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.165/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 2471888/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 392.842 1 -total 79.61% 312.738 1 Plantilla:Infotaula_lloc_web 76.93% 302.218 1 Plantilla:Infotaula 24.81% 97.450 1 Plantilla:Identificadors 19.78% 77.686 74 Plantilla:Identificador 18.56% 72.901 1 Plantilla:Referències 11.97% 47.010 4 Plantilla:Ref-web 7.23% 28.414 6 Plantilla:GetLabelFix 6.49% 25.482 3 Plantilla:Colors_infotaules 4.02% 15.795 2 Plantilla:Ref-publicació --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key cawiki:pcache:idhash:2044939-0!canonical and timestamp 20241121153623 and revision id 33201849. 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