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Spender" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/411445/129740/1975536/s200_jc.spender.jpg" /></a></div><div class="suggested-user-card__user-info"><a class="suggested-user-card__user-info__header ds2-5-body-sm-bold ds2-5-body-link" href="https://kozminski.academia.edu/JCSpender">J.-C. Spender</a><p class="suggested-user-card__user-info__subheader ds2-5-body-xs">Kozminski University</p></div></div></ul></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span><a class="ri-more-link js-profile-ri-list-card" data-click-track="profile-user-info-primary-research-interest" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53744554">View All (6)</a></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53744554" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Brunei_Darussalam"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://independent.academia.edu/OsbinSamosir","location":"/OsbinSamosir","scheme":"https","host":"independent.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/OsbinSamosir","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Brunei Darussalam"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-37395357-7773-47f1-833c-eeba8a899bc8"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-37395357-7773-47f1-833c-eeba8a899bc8"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53744554" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Business"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Business"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-ba20f02a-1aa7-4bc0-9e25-b82004960fd1"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-ba20f02a-1aa7-4bc0-9e25-b82004960fd1"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53744554" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Philosophy"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Philosophy"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-a87150fb-a259-4de3-aae3-12d4e8114375"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-a87150fb-a259-4de3-aae3-12d4e8114375"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53744554" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/History"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["History"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-4191dcda-9d71-49a9-9087-d78ee008df93"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-4191dcda-9d71-49a9-9087-d78ee008df93"></div> </a><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="53744554" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Social_Sciences"><div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="Pill" data-props="{"color":"gray","children":["Social Sciences"]}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="Pill-react-component-dfb090e4-d5d9-423d-a3ea-14b5caac3b17"></div> <div id="Pill-react-component-dfb090e4-d5d9-423d-a3ea-14b5caac3b17"></div> </a></div></div><div class="external-links-container"><ul class="profile-links new-profile js-UserInfo-social"><li class="profile-profiles js-social-profiles-container"><i class="fa fa-spin fa-spinner"></i></li></ul></div></div></div><div class="right-panel-container"><div class="user-content-wrapper"><div class="uploads-container" id="social-redesign-work-container"><div class="upload-header"><h2 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-xs">Uploads</h2></div><div class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by Osbin Samosir</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93293133"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293133/Belajar_Demokrasi_Dari_Jawa_Barat_Keterpilihan_Caleg_kristen_Pada_Pileg_2014_dan_pileg_2019"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Belajar Demokrasi Dari Jawa Barat: Keterpilihan Caleg kristen Pada Pileg 2014 dan pileg 2019" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293133/Belajar_Demokrasi_Dari_Jawa_Barat_Keterpilihan_Caleg_kristen_Pada_Pileg_2014_dan_pileg_2019">Belajar Demokrasi Dari Jawa Barat: Keterpilihan Caleg kristen Pada Pileg 2014 dan pileg 2019</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Fakultas Ilmu Sosial & Ilmu Politik Universitas Kristen Indonesia</span><span>, Dec 1, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93293133"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93293133"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293133; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93293133]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93293133]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293133; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='93293133']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=93293133]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":93293133,"title":"Belajar Demokrasi Dari Jawa Barat: Keterpilihan Caleg kristen Pada Pileg 2014 dan pileg 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Bukan Liberalisme" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293132/Demokrasi_Kami_Bukan_Liberalisme">Demokrasi Kami Bukan Liberalisme</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>PT Tempo Inti Media</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93293132"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div 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container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=93293132]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":93293132,"title":"Demokrasi Kami Bukan 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thumbnail of Lulusan UKI yang Berdaya Saingdalam Pergaulan Manusia Global:Strategi UKI Meningkatkan Daya Saing di Era Revolusi 4.0" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293129/Lulusan_UKI_yang_Berdaya_Saingdalam_Pergaulan_Manusia_Global_Strategi_UKI_Meningkatkan_Daya_Saing_di_Era_Revolusi_4_0">Lulusan UKI yang Berdaya Saingdalam Pergaulan Manusia Global:Strategi UKI Meningkatkan Daya Saing di Era Revolusi 4.0</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>UKI Press eBooks</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93293129"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93293129"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293129; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93293129]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93293129]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293129; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='93293129']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=93293129]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":93293129,"title":"Lulusan UKI yang Berdaya Saingdalam Pergaulan Manusia Global:Strategi UKI Meningkatkan Daya Saing di Era Revolusi 4.0","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/93293129/Lulusan_UKI_yang_Berdaya_Saingdalam_Pergaulan_Manusia_Global_Strategi_UKI_Meningkatkan_Daya_Saing_di_Era_Revolusi_4_0","owner_id":53744554,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":53744554,"first_name":"Osbin","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Samosir","page_name":"OsbinSamosir","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-09-20T22:09:26.182-07:00","display_name":"Osbin Samosir","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OsbinSamosir"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93293128"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293128/MENCARI_SOSOK_DEMOKRASI_INDONESIA_Studi_Ideologi_Pancasila_menuju_Pemilu_Serentak_Tahun_2024"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of MENCARI SOSOK DEMOKRASI INDONESIA:Studi Ideologi Pancasila menuju Pemilu Serentak Tahun 2024" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293128/MENCARI_SOSOK_DEMOKRASI_INDONESIA_Studi_Ideologi_Pancasila_menuju_Pemilu_Serentak_Tahun_2024">MENCARI SOSOK DEMOKRASI INDONESIA:Studi Ideologi Pancasila menuju Pemilu Serentak Tahun 2024</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93293128"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93293128"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293128; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93293128]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=93293128]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293128; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='93293128']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-a9bf3a2bc8c89fa2a77156577594264ee8a0f214d74241bc0fcd3f69f8d107ac.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=93293128]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":93293128,"title":"MENCARI SOSOK DEMOKRASI INDONESIA:Studi Ideologi Pancasila menuju Pemilu Serentak Tahun 2024","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/93293128/MENCARI_SOSOK_DEMOKRASI_INDONESIA_Studi_Ideologi_Pancasila_menuju_Pemilu_Serentak_Tahun_2024","owner_id":53744554,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"owner":{"id":53744554,"first_name":"Osbin","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Samosir","page_name":"OsbinSamosir","domain_name":"independent","created_at":"2016-09-20T22:09:26.182-07:00","display_name":"Osbin Samosir","url":"https://independent.academia.edu/OsbinSamosir"},"attachments":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93293080"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293080/Bad_Organizers_Make_Difficulty_of_Indonesias_Democracy_in_2024_National_Simultaneous_Election"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Bad Organizers Make Difficulty of Indonesia's Democracy in 2024 National Simultaneous Election" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/96070309/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293080/Bad_Organizers_Make_Difficulty_of_Indonesias_Democracy_in_2024_National_Simultaneous_Election">Bad Organizers Make Difficulty of Indonesia's Democracy in 2024 National Simultaneous Election</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Scientific and Management Research</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Election organizers in Indonesia are often seen as obstacles to the growth of democracy. The pres...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Election organizers in Indonesia are often seen as obstacles to the growth of democracy. The presence of election administrators has become a serious problem in the development of democracy in Indonesia. In fact, very high hopes are given to the election organizers as a pillar that will determine the growth of Indonesian democracy. The reason is simple: Indonesian democracy has failed in the past, partly because of the role of the election organizers. The New Order became an opaque record for Indonesian democracy when election administrators became an inseparable part of the authoritarian regime. Even in the early days of reform, the election organizers could not be proud of their work and even became one of the sources of the problem itself. So it is not surprising that the election organizers, namely the Komisi Pemilihan Umum - KPU (General Elections Commission), were asked to supervise their work by establishing the Badan Pengawas Pemilu - Bawaslu (Election Supervisory Body) in 2...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6b741005cb5f62eafcb3b90e177894b3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":96070309,"asset_id":93293080,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/96070309/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93293080"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93293080"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293080; 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} }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83485143"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485143/Penguatan_Demokrasi_Dari_Pemilukada_Evaluasi_Penyelenggaraan_Pemilukada_Serentak_Tahun_2015_2017_Dan_2018"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Penguatan Demokrasi Dari Pemilukada: Evaluasi Penyelenggaraan Pemilukada Serentak Tahun 2015, 2017, Dan 2018" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485143/Penguatan_Demokrasi_Dari_Pemilukada_Evaluasi_Penyelenggaraan_Pemilukada_Serentak_Tahun_2015_2017_Dan_2018">Penguatan Demokrasi Dari Pemilukada: Evaluasi Penyelenggaraan Pemilukada Serentak Tahun 2015, 2017, Dan 2018</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>UKI Press</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83485143"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83485143"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83485143; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83485141"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485141/Democracy_Political_Identity_and_the_Fate_of_Minority_Politics_Reflections_Towards_Indonesia_s_National_Concurrent_Elections_in_2024"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Democracy, Political Identity, and the Fate of Minority Politics: Reflections Towards Indonesia’s National Concurrent Elections in 2024" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88811812/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485141/Democracy_Political_Identity_and_the_Fate_of_Minority_Politics_Reflections_Towards_Indonesia_s_National_Concurrent_Elections_in_2024">Democracy, Political Identity, and the Fate of Minority Politics: Reflections Towards Indonesia’s National Concurrent Elections in 2024</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Globus: social sciences</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The 2019 and 2014 General Elections in Indonesia was laden with religious identity politics. The ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The 2019 and 2014 General Elections in Indonesia was laden with religious identity politics. The election of the DKI Jakarta Governor in 2017 confirmed the politics of religious identity. People were fed up of continuing the democratic process because black and dirty campaigns ruined elections. The Indonesia’s democratic posture is getting worse. Presidential candidates were also divided into the Allah party for supporters of Islamic religious identity and the Ibilis party branded for those who opposed. The principles of democracy, namely respect for human dignity, exclusion of primordial issues, open and fair elections, freedom for voters are actually lost and damage Indonesian democracy. For a long time, the issue of religious identity politics was the most dangerous for democracy and a healthy political process in Indonesia. How was the fate of Christian politicians in such bad religious identity politics at that time when they were nominated by political parties from strong Isla...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="67a103d76a39bde63f8b574e9a0c0e67" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88811812,"asset_id":83485141,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88811812/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83485141"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83485141"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83485141; 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One year after Soeharto’s fall on May 21, 1998, Indonesia held its first democratically election on June 7, 1999. The election was contested by 48 political parties. In 2004, Indonesia for the first time held its direct presidential election. One year later, Indonesia held its first regional elections, where voters directly elect governors, regents and mayors. The question is on whether the current democratic practices have been in accordance with all democratic values as intended by Pancasila ideology as the basic foundation for Indonesia in all political actions? Pancasila: 1). The belief in one God, 2). Just and civilized humanity, 3). Indonesian unity, 4. Democracy under the wise guidance of representative consultation, 5). 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The rea...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The study of finding the right posture for Indonesian democracy has never been completed. The reason is that the history of democracy as understood in Europe and America does not have deep roots in Indonesia since long ago. Moreover, compared to 55 years since independence, Indonesia’s democracy has actually made great leaps and bounds since the start of reforms in 1998, compared to Suharto’s authoritarian (New Order) rule from 1966 to 21 May 1998, and during Soekarno’s reign from the country’s independence. from 1945 to 1966. A year after the fall of Suharto on 21 May 1998, Indonesia held its first democratic elections on 7 June 1999. The elections were participated by 48 political parties. In 2004, Indonesia held its first direct presidential election. A year later, Indonesia held its first regional head elections, in which voters directly elected governors, regents, and mayors. Thus, the elections continued until the last December 9, 2020 until they got their form later in the na...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="65282702"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="65282702"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65282702; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=65282702]").text(description); 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</script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="13361281" id="papers"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93293133"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293133/Belajar_Demokrasi_Dari_Jawa_Barat_Keterpilihan_Caleg_kristen_Pada_Pileg_2014_dan_pileg_2019"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Belajar Demokrasi Dari Jawa Barat: Keterpilihan Caleg kristen Pada Pileg 2014 dan pileg 2019" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293133/Belajar_Demokrasi_Dari_Jawa_Barat_Keterpilihan_Caleg_kristen_Pada_Pileg_2014_dan_pileg_2019">Belajar Demokrasi Dari Jawa Barat: Keterpilihan Caleg kristen Pada Pileg 2014 dan pileg 2019</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Fakultas Ilmu Sosial & Ilmu Politik Universitas Kristen Indonesia</span><span>, Dec 1, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93293133"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93293133"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293133; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="93293128"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293128/MENCARI_SOSOK_DEMOKRASI_INDONESIA_Studi_Ideologi_Pancasila_menuju_Pemilu_Serentak_Tahun_2024"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of MENCARI SOSOK DEMOKRASI INDONESIA:Studi Ideologi Pancasila menuju Pemilu Serentak Tahun 2024" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/93293128/MENCARI_SOSOK_DEMOKRASI_INDONESIA_Studi_Ideologi_Pancasila_menuju_Pemilu_Serentak_Tahun_2024">MENCARI SOSOK DEMOKRASI INDONESIA:Studi Ideologi Pancasila menuju Pemilu Serentak Tahun 2024</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93293128"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93293128"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293128; 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The pres...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Election organizers in Indonesia are often seen as obstacles to the growth of democracy. The presence of election administrators has become a serious problem in the development of democracy in Indonesia. In fact, very high hopes are given to the election organizers as a pillar that will determine the growth of Indonesian democracy. The reason is simple: Indonesian democracy has failed in the past, partly because of the role of the election organizers. The New Order became an opaque record for Indonesian democracy when election administrators became an inseparable part of the authoritarian regime. Even in the early days of reform, the election organizers could not be proud of their work and even became one of the sources of the problem itself. So it is not surprising that the election organizers, namely the Komisi Pemilihan Umum - KPU (General Elections Commission), were asked to supervise their work by establishing the Badan Pengawas Pemilu - Bawaslu (Election Supervisory Body) in 2...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="6b741005cb5f62eafcb3b90e177894b3" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":96070309,"asset_id":93293080,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/96070309/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="93293080"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="93293080"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 93293080; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="87049168"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87049168/Demokrasi_Kabinet_Kekeluargaan"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Demokrasi (Kabinet) Kekeluargaan" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/87049168/Demokrasi_Kabinet_Kekeluargaan">Demokrasi (Kabinet) Kekeluargaan</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Tribun News</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="87049168"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="87049168"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 87049168; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83485146"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485146/Exploring_Mediating_Role_of_Green_Supply_Chain_Management_between_Political_Support_by_Government_Green_Knowledge_Management_Capability_and_Sustainable_Competitive_advantage"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Exploring Mediating Role of Green Supply Chain Management between Political Support by Government, Green Knowledge Management Capability and Sustainable Competitive advantage" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485146/Exploring_Mediating_Role_of_Green_Supply_Chain_Management_between_Political_Support_by_Government_Green_Knowledge_Management_Capability_and_Sustainable_Competitive_advantage">Exploring Mediating Role of Green Supply Chain Management between Political Support by Government, Green Knowledge Management Capability and Sustainable Competitive advantage</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>International Journal of Supply Chain Management</span><span>, Oct 5, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83485146"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83485146"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83485146; 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} }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83485143"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485143/Penguatan_Demokrasi_Dari_Pemilukada_Evaluasi_Penyelenggaraan_Pemilukada_Serentak_Tahun_2015_2017_Dan_2018"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Penguatan Demokrasi Dari Pemilukada: Evaluasi Penyelenggaraan Pemilukada Serentak Tahun 2015, 2017, Dan 2018" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485143/Penguatan_Demokrasi_Dari_Pemilukada_Evaluasi_Penyelenggaraan_Pemilukada_Serentak_Tahun_2015_2017_Dan_2018">Penguatan Demokrasi Dari Pemilukada: Evaluasi Penyelenggaraan Pemilukada Serentak Tahun 2015, 2017, Dan 2018</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>UKI Press</span><span>, 2020</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83485143"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83485143"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83485143; 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</script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="83485141"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485141/Democracy_Political_Identity_and_the_Fate_of_Minority_Politics_Reflections_Towards_Indonesia_s_National_Concurrent_Elections_in_2024"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Democracy, Political Identity, and the Fate of Minority Politics: Reflections Towards Indonesia’s National Concurrent Elections in 2024" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/88811812/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/83485141/Democracy_Political_Identity_and_the_Fate_of_Minority_Politics_Reflections_Towards_Indonesia_s_National_Concurrent_Elections_in_2024">Democracy, Political Identity, and the Fate of Minority Politics: Reflections Towards Indonesia’s National Concurrent Elections in 2024</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Globus: social sciences</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The 2019 and 2014 General Elections in Indonesia was laden with religious identity politics. The ...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The 2019 and 2014 General Elections in Indonesia was laden with religious identity politics. The election of the DKI Jakarta Governor in 2017 confirmed the politics of religious identity. People were fed up of continuing the democratic process because black and dirty campaigns ruined elections. The Indonesia’s democratic posture is getting worse. Presidential candidates were also divided into the Allah party for supporters of Islamic religious identity and the Ibilis party branded for those who opposed. The principles of democracy, namely respect for human dignity, exclusion of primordial issues, open and fair elections, freedom for voters are actually lost and damage Indonesian democracy. For a long time, the issue of religious identity politics was the most dangerous for democracy and a healthy political process in Indonesia. How was the fate of Christian politicians in such bad religious identity politics at that time when they were nominated by political parties from strong Isla...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="67a103d76a39bde63f8b574e9a0c0e67" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":88811812,"asset_id":83485141,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/88811812/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="83485141"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="83485141"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 83485141; 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One year after Soeharto’s fall on May 21, 1998, Indonesia held its first democratically election on June 7, 1999. The election was contested by 48 political parties. In 2004, Indonesia for the first time held its direct presidential election. One year later, Indonesia held its first regional elections, where voters directly elect governors, regents and mayors. The question is on whether the current democratic practices have been in accordance with all democratic values as intended by Pancasila ideology as the basic foundation for Indonesia in all political actions? Pancasila: 1). The belief in one God, 2). Just and civilized humanity, 3). Indonesian unity, 4. Democracy under the wise guidance of representative consultation, 5). Social ju...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="28a964878d614abaac82aee529098087" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":76951025,"asset_id":65282730,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/76951025/download_file?s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="65282730"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="65282730"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65282730; 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="65282702"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/65282702/Indonesian_Democracy_Comes_When_the_Kingdom_System_Has_Strong_Roots_Serious_Problems_Leading_to_Simultaneous_National_Elections_in_2024"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Indonesian Democracy Comes When the Kingdom System Has Strong Roots: Serious Problems Leading to Simultaneous National Elections in 2024" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/65282702/Indonesian_Democracy_Comes_When_the_Kingdom_System_Has_Strong_Roots_Serious_Problems_Leading_to_Simultaneous_National_Elections_in_2024">Indonesian Democracy Comes When the Kingdom System Has Strong Roots: Serious Problems Leading to Simultaneous National Elections in 2024</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Cross-cultural Communication</span><span>, 2021</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The study of finding the right posture for Indonesian democracy has never been completed. The rea...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The study of finding the right posture for Indonesian democracy has never been completed. The reason is that the history of democracy as understood in Europe and America does not have deep roots in Indonesia since long ago. Moreover, compared to 55 years since independence, Indonesia’s democracy has actually made great leaps and bounds since the start of reforms in 1998, compared to Suharto’s authoritarian (New Order) rule from 1966 to 21 May 1998, and during Soekarno’s reign from the country’s independence. from 1945 to 1966. A year after the fall of Suharto on 21 May 1998, Indonesia held its first democratic elections on 7 June 1999. The elections were participated by 48 political parties. In 2004, Indonesia held its first direct presidential election. A year later, Indonesia held its first regional head elections, in which voters directly elected governors, regents, and mayors. Thus, the elections continued until the last December 9, 2020 until they got their form later in the na...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="65282702"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="65282702"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 65282702; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=65282702]").text(description); 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