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The protons (24 GeV/c) were bombarded into a 50-cm-thick copper target, and the released neutrons were transmitted through various shields located vertically upward from the target. Ordinary concrete slabs of 40- to 160-cm thicknesses and steel slabs of 20- to 80-cm thicknesses were installed by changing the material and the thickness of the shield. Activation detectors of bismuth, indium, aluminum, and graphite were variously placed in these shields and activated by high energy neutrons. From the radionuclide production rate in the activation detectors, the attenuation profiles through the various shielding materials were obtained for the reactions of 209Bi(n,xn)210-xBi(x = 4–9), 115In(n,n’)115mIn, 27Al(n,α)24Na, and 12C(n,2n)11C. Estimated attenuation lengths of high energy neutrons through concrete and steel were compared with cited data and discussed. Monte Carlo simulations using FLUKA, PHITS, and GEANT4 were also performed as benchmark calculations, and they agreed with the experimental data, generally within a factor of 2. Nakao, Noriaki; Sanami, Toshiya; Kajimoto, Tsuyoshi; Yashima, Hiroshi; Froeschl, Robert; Bozzato, Davide; Iliopoulou, Elpida; Infantino, Angelo; Lee, Eunji; Oyama, Takahiro; Hagiwara, Masayuki; Nagaguro, Seiji; Matsumoto, Tetsuro; Masuda, Akihiko; Uwamino, Yoshitomo; Devienne, Arnaud; Pozzi, Fabio; Tisi, Marco; Lorenzon, Tommaso; Menaa, Nabil; Vincke, Heinz; Roesler, Stefan; Brugger, Markus" /> <meta name="keywords" content="CERN Document Server, WebSearch, CERN Document Server" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: {inlineMath: [['$','$']], processEscapes: true}, showProcessingMessages: false, messageStyle: "none" }); </script> <script src="/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-AMS_CHTML" type="text/javascript"> </script>  <meta content="submitter : Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and CSBF" name="citation_title" /> <meta content="Nakao, Noriaki" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Brugger, Markus" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Oyama, Takahiro" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Hagiwara, Masayuki" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Nagaguro, Seiji" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Froeschl, Robert" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Lee, Eunji" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Bozzato, Davide" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Matsumoto, Tetsuro" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Uwamino, Yoshitomo" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Iliopoulou, Elpida" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Tisi, Marco" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Yashima, Hiroshi" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Infantino, Angelo" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Sanami, Toshiya" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Devienne, Arnaud" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Kajimoto, Tsuyoshi" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Masuda, Akihiko" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Pozzi, Fabio" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Roesler, Stefan" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Vincke, Heinz" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Lorenzon, Tommaso" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="Menaa, Nabil" name="citation_author" /> <meta content="10.1080/00223131.2023.2239243" name="citation_doi" /> <meta content="J. 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The protons (24 GeV/c) were bombarded into a 50-cm-thick copper target, and the released neutrons were transmitted through various shields located vertically upward from the target. Ordinary concrete slabs of 40- to 160-cm thicknesses and steel slabs of 20- to 80-cm thicknesses were installed by changing the material and the thickness of the shield. Activation detectors of bismuth, indium, aluminum, and graphite were variously placed in these shields and activated by high energy neutrons. From the radionuclide production rate in the activation detectors, the attenuation profiles through the various shielding materials were obtained for the reactions of 209Bi(n,xn)210-xBi(x = 4–9), 115In(n,n’)115mIn, 27Al(n,α)24Na, and 12C(n,2n)11C. Estimated attenuation lengths of high energy neutrons through concrete and steel were compared with cited data and discussed. Monte Carlo simulations using FLUKA, PHITS, and GEANT4 were also performed as benchmark calculations, and they agreed with the experimental data, generally within a factor of 2." property="og:description" />  <meta content="summary" name="twitter:card" /> <style></style> </head> <body class="CERN32Document32Server search" lang="pl">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=pl&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/%3Fln%3Dpl" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=pl">Szukaj</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=pl">Dodaj</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=pl">Pomoc</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=pl">Ustawienia</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=pl">Your alerts</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=pl">Your baskets</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=pl">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=pl">Your searches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=pl" class="navtrail">Główna</a> > Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and CSBF </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="on first"><a href="/record/2891673/?ln=pl">Informacja </a></li><li class=""><a href="/record/2891673/files?ln=pl">Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <abbr class="unapi-id" title="2891673"></abbr> <style type="text/css">  </style> <table class="formatRecordTableFullWidth" > <tr> <td class="formatRecordHeader" style="background-image: url('https://cds.cern.ch/img/journals.jpg');" colspan="2">  Article </td> </tr> <script type="text/javascript"> $( document ).ready(function() { $('.showAuthor').on('click', function() { var author = '<p>' + $(this).data('name') + '</p>'; var affiliation = $(this).data('affiliation') + '</br>'; var contribution = $(this).data('contribution') + '</br>'; $.magnificPopup.open({ items: { src: '<div id="ovelary-mathjax" class="overlay-white oc-content overlay-white-500">' + author + affiliation + contribution + '</div>', type: 'inline' }, callbacks: { open: function() { var div = document.getElementById("overlay-mathjax") MathJax.Hub.Queue(["Typeset", MathJax.Hub, div]); }, } }) }) }); </script> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Title </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><b>Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and CSBF</b></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> Author(s) </span> </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"> <script type="text/javascript"> function toggle_authors_visibility(){ var more = document.getElementById('more'); var link = document.getElementById('link'); var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); if (more.style.display=='none'){ more.style.display = ''; extension.style.display = 'none'; link.innerHTML = "Ukryj" } else { more.style.display = 'none'; extension.style.display = ''; link.innerHTML = "Pokaż wszystkich 23 autorów" } link.style.color = "rgb(204,0,0);" } function set_up(){ var extension = document.getElementById('extension'); extension.innerHTML = ""; toggle_authors_visibility(); } </script> <a name="show_hide" /><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Nakao%2C%20Noriaki&ln=pl">Nakao, Noriaki</a> (Tokyo Inst. Tech.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Sanami%2C%20Toshiya&ln=pl">Sanami, Toshiya</a> (KEK, Tsukuba) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Kajimoto%2C%20Tsuyoshi&ln=pl">Kajimoto, Tsuyoshi</a> (Hiroshima U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Yashima%2C%20Hiroshi&ln=pl">Yashima, Hiroshi</a> (Kyoto Sangyo U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Froeschl%2C%20Robert&ln=pl">Froeschl, Robert</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Bozzato%2C%20Davide&ln=pl">Bozzato, Davide</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Iliopoulou%2C%20Elpida&ln=pl">Iliopoulou, Elpida</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Infantino%2C%20Angelo&ln=pl">Infantino, Angelo</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Lee%2C%20Eunji&ln=pl">Lee, Eunji</a> (Kyushu U.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Oyama%2C%20Takahiro&ln=pl">Oyama, Takahiro</a> (KEK, Tsukuba)<span id="more" style=""> ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Hagiwara%2C%20Masayuki&ln=pl">Hagiwara, Masayuki</a> (KEK, Tsukuba) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Nagaguro%2C%20Seiji&ln=pl">Nagaguro, Seiji</a> (KEK, Tsukuba) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Matsumoto%2C%20Tetsuro&ln=pl">Matsumoto, Tetsuro</a> (AIST, Tsukuba) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Masuda%2C%20Akihiko&ln=pl">Masuda, Akihiko</a> (AIST, Tsukuba) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Uwamino%2C%20Yoshitomo&ln=pl">Uwamino, Yoshitomo</a> (Tokyo Inst. Tech.) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Devienne%2C%20Arnaud&ln=pl">Devienne, Arnaud</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Pozzi%2C%20Fabio&ln=pl">Pozzi, Fabio</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Tisi%2C%20Marco&ln=pl">Tisi, Marco</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Lorenzon%2C%20Tommaso&ln=pl">Lorenzon, Tommaso</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Menaa%2C%20Nabil&ln=pl">Menaa, Nabil</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Vincke%2C%20Heinz&ln=pl">Vincke, Heinz</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Roesler%2C%20Stefan&ln=pl">Roesler, Stefan</a> (CERN) ; <a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?f=author&p=Brugger%2C%20Markus&ln=pl">Brugger, Markus</a> (CERN)</span> <span id="extension"></span> <small><i><a id="link" href="#" onclick="toggle_authors_visibility()" style="color:rgb(204,0,0);"></a></i></small><script type="text/javascript">set_up()</script></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Publication </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">2023</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Number of pages </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">19</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> In: </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2023.2239243"><i>J. Nucl. Sci. Tech.</i> 61 (2023) 429-447</a> </a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> DOI </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223131.2023.2239243" title="DOI" target="_blank">10.1080/00223131.2023.2239243</a> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Subject category </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Accelerators and Storage Rings</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Accelerator/Facility, Experiment </td><td style="padding-left:5px;"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/search?p=CERN%20CHARM&f=693__a">CERN CHARM</a></td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Abstract </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">A shielding experiment using activation detectors was performed at the CERN High-energy AcceleRator Mixed-field (CHARM) facility and the CERN Shielding Benchmark Facility (CSBF). The protons (24 GeV/c) were bombarded into a 50-cm-thick copper target, and the released neutrons were transmitted through various shields located vertically upward from the target. Ordinary concrete slabs of 40- to 160-cm thicknesses and steel slabs of 20- to 80-cm thicknesses were installed by changing the material and the thickness of the shield. Activation detectors of bismuth, indium, aluminum, and graphite were variously placed in these shields and activated by high energy neutrons. From the radionuclide production rate in the activation detectors, the attenuation profiles through the various shielding materials were obtained for the reactions of 209Bi(n,xn)210-xBi(x = 4–9), 115In(n,n’)115mIn, 27Al(n,α)24Na, and 12C(n,2n)11C. Estimated attenuation lengths of high energy neutrons through concrete and steel were compared with cited data and discussed. Monte Carlo simulations using FLUKA, PHITS, and GEANT4 were also performed as benchmark calculations, and they agreed with the experimental data, generally within a factor of 2.</td></tr> <tr><td class="formatRecordLabel"> Copyright/License </td><td style="padding-left:5px;">Publication: © 2023-2024 The Author(s) (License: <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/">CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0</a>)</td></tr> </table> <br/>Corresponding record in: <a href="http://inspirehep.net/record/2766568">Inspire</a> <small> </small> <br/> <br/><br/><div align="right"><div style="padding-bottom:2px;padding-top:30px;"><span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"> <a href="" class="moreinfo">Back to search</a> </span></div></div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"><div class="recordlastmodifiedbox" style="position:relative;margin-left:1px"> Rekord stworzony 2024-03-14, ostatnia modyfikacja 2024-09-25</div></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=pl&p=recid%3A2891673&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">Podobne rekordy</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> <br /> <div class="detailedrecordminipanel"> <div class="top-left"></div><div class="top-right"></div> <div class="inside"> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelfile" style="width:33%;float:left;text-align:center;margin-top:0"> <div><small class="detailedRecordActions">Pełny tekst:</small> <br /><a href="/record/2891673/files/Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and .pdf"><img style="border:none" src="/img/file-icon-text-34x48.gif" alt="Pobierz pełny tekst" /><br />PDF</a><br /></div> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelreview" style="width:30%;float:left;text-align:center"> </div> <div id="detailedrecordminipanelactions" style="width:36%;float:right;text-align:right;"> <ul class="detailedrecordactions"> <li><a href="/yourbaskets/add?ln=pl&recid=2891673">Dodaj do koszyka osobistego</a></li> <li>Wyeksportuj jako <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891673/export/hx?ln=pl">BibTeX</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891673/export/hm?ln=pl">MARC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891673/export/xm?ln=pl">MARCXML</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891673/export/xd?ln=pl">DC</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891673/export/xe?ln=pl">EndNote</a>,  <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891673/export/xn?ln=pl">NLM</a>, <a style="text-decoration:underline;font-weight:normal" href="/record/2891673/export/xw?ln=pl">RefWorks</a> </li> </ul> <div style='padding-left: 13px;'>  <div id="bookmark"></div> <div id="bookmark_sciencewise"></div> <style type="text/css"> #bookmark_sciencewise, #bookmark {float: left;} #bookmark_sciencewise li {padding: 2px; width: 25px;} #bookmark_sciencewise ul, #bookmark ul {list-style-image: none;} </style> <script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery.bookmark.min.js"></script> <style type="text/css">@import "/css/jquery.bookmark.css";</style> <script type="text/javascript">// <![CDATA[ $.bookmark.addSite('sciencewise', 'ScienceWise.info', 'https://cds.cern.ch/img/sciencewise.png', 'en', 'bookmark', 'http://sciencewise.info/bookmarks/cds:2891673/add'); $('#bookmark_sciencewise').bookmark({sites: ['sciencewise']}); $('#bookmark').bookmark({ sites: ['facebook', 'twitter', 'linkedin', 'google_plusone'], icons: '/img/bookmarks.png', url: 'https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673', addEmail: true, title: "Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and CSBF", description: "A shielding experiment using activation detectors was performed at the CERN High-energy AcceleRator Mixed-field (CHARM) facility and the CERN Shielding Benchmark Facility (CSBF). The protons (24\u2009GeV/c) were bombarded into a 50-cm-thick copper target, and the released neutrons were transmitted through various shields located vertically upward from the target. Ordinary concrete slabs of 40- to 160-cm thicknesses and steel slabs of 20- to 80-cm thicknesses were installed by changing the material and the thickness of the shield. Activation detectors of bismuth, indium, aluminum, and graphite were variously placed in these shields and activated by high energy neutrons. From the radionuclide production rate in the activation detectors, the attenuation profiles through the various shielding materials were obtained for the reactions of 209Bi(n,xn)210-xBi(x\u2009=\u20094\u20139), 115In(n,n\u2019)115mIn, 27Al(n,\u03b1)24Na, and 12C(n,2n)11C. Estimated attenuation lengths of high energy neutrons through concrete and steel were compared with cited data and discussed. Monte Carlo simulations using FLUKA, PHITS, and GEANT4 were also performed as benchmark calculations, and they agreed with the experimental data, generally within a factor of 2." }); // ]]> </script>  </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;margin-bottom: 0;"></div> </div> <div class="bottom-left"></div><div class="bottom-right"></div> </div> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=pl">Szukaj</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=pl">Dodaj</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=pl">Ustawienia</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=pl">Pomoc</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> <br /> System <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Administrator <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - Need help? 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