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class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Espina_il%C3%ADaca_anterosuperior" title="Espina ilíaca anterosuperior – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Espina ilíaca anterosuperior" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%89_%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%B3%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B8%CE%B1" title="Πρόσθια άνω λαγόνια άκανθα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρόσθια άνω λαγόνια άκανθα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B1_%D8%AA%D9%87%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%86" title="خار تهیگاهی بالایی پیشین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="خار تهیگاهی بالایی پیشین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89pine_iliaque_ant%C3%A9rieure_et_sup%C3%A9rieure" title="Épine iliaque antérieure et supérieure – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Épine iliaque antérieure et supérieure" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%84%EC%95%9E%EC%97%89%EB%8D%A9%EB%BC%88%EA%B0%80%EC%8B%9C" title="위앞엉덩뼈가시 – Korean" 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Bony projection of the iliac bone</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:whitesmoke">Anterior superior iliac spine</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray435.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Gray435.png/250px-Gray435.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Gray435.png/375px-Gray435.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Gray435.png/500px-Gray435.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="475" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The <a href="/wiki/Obturator_membrane" title="Obturator membrane">obturator membrane</a> (anterior superior iliac spine visible in upper right of illustration)</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray_abdomen_front_surface_en.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray_abdomen_front_surface_en.png/250px-Gray_abdomen_front_surface_en.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="380" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Gray_abdomen_front_surface_en.png/375px-Gray_abdomen_front_surface_en.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Gray_abdomen_front_surface_en.png 2x" data-file-width="428" data-file-height="650" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Anterior superior iliac spine labeled second to bottom, right</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Details</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i>spina iliaca anterior superior</i></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA98</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ifaa.unifr.ch/Public/EntryPage/TA98%20Tree/Entity%20TA98%20EN/02.5.01.111%20Entity%20TA98%20EN.htm">A02.5.01.111</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Terminologia_Anatomica" title="Terminologia Anatomica">TA2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ta2viewer.openanatomy.org/?id=1327">1327</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Foundational_Model_of_Anatomy" title="Foundational Model of Anatomy">FMA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bioportal.bioontology.org/ontologies/FMA/?p=classes&conceptid=http%3A%2F%2Fpurl.org%2Fsig%2Font%2Ffma%2Ffma49465">49465</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_bone" title="Anatomical terms of bone">Anatomical terms of bone</a><div style="text-align: right;"><small class="noprint">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771403" class="extiw" title="d:Q4771403">edit on Wikidata</a>]</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>anterior superior iliac spine</b> (<b>ASIS</b>) is a bony projection of the <a href="/wiki/Iliac_bone" class="mw-redirect" title="Iliac bone">iliac bone</a>, and an important landmark of <a href="/wiki/Surface_anatomy" title="Surface anatomy">surface anatomy</a>. It refers to the anterior extremity of the <a href="/wiki/Iliac_crest" title="Iliac crest">iliac crest</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pelvis" title="Pelvis">pelvis</a>. It provides attachment for the <a href="/wiki/Inguinal_ligament" title="Inguinal ligament">inguinal ligament</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Sartorius_muscle" title="Sartorius muscle">sartorius muscle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Tensor_fasciae_latae_muscle" title="Tensor fasciae latae muscle">tensor fasciae latae muscle</a> attaches to the lateral aspect of the superior anterior iliac spine, and also about 5 <a href="/wiki/Centimetre" title="Centimetre">cm</a> away at the <a href="/wiki/Iliac_tubercle" title="Iliac tubercle">iliac tubercle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anterior_superior_iliac_spine&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The anterior superior iliac spine refers to the anterior extremity of the <a href="/wiki/Iliac_crest" title="Iliac crest">iliac crest</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Pelvis" title="Pelvis">pelvis</a>. This is a key <a href="/wiki/Surface_anatomy" title="Surface anatomy">surface landmark</a>, and easily <a href="/wiki/Palpation" title="Palpation">palpated</a>. It provides attachment for the <a href="/wiki/Inguinal_ligament" title="Inguinal ligament">inguinal ligament</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Sartorius_muscle" title="Sartorius muscle">sartorius muscle</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Tensor_fasciae_latae_muscle" title="Tensor fasciae latae muscle">tensor fasciae latae muscle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A variety of structures lie close to the anterior superior iliac spine, including the <a href="/wiki/Subcostal_nerve" title="Subcostal nerve">subcostal nerve</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the <a href="/wiki/Femoral_artery" title="Femoral artery">femoral artery</a> (which passes between it and the <a href="/wiki/Pubic_symphysis" title="Pubic symphysis">pubic symphysis</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/wiki/Iliohypogastric_nerve" title="Iliohypogastric nerve">iliohypogastric nerve</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clinical_significance">Clinical significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anterior_superior_iliac_spine&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Clinical significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Unequal_leg_length" title="Unequal leg length">Unequal leg length</a></div> <p>The anterior superior iliac spine provides a clue in identifying some other clinical landmarks, including <a href="/wiki/McBurney%27s_point" title="McBurney's point">McBurney's point</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nelaton%27s_line" title="Nelaton's line">Roser-Nélaton line</a>, and true leg length. It is an important surface landmark for various <a href="/wiki/Surgery" title="Surgery">surgical approaches</a>, such as treatment of <a href="/wiki/Hernia" title="Hernia">hernia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The severity of symptoms of damage to the <a href="/wiki/Iliohypogastric_nerve" title="Iliohypogastric nerve">iliohypogastric nerve</a> can show whether damage occurred above or below the anterior superior iliac spine.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bone may be <a href="/wiki/Bone_grafting" title="Bone grafting">harvested</a> from the nearby iliac crest for use elsewhere in the body.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the <a href="/wiki/Subcostal_nerve" title="Subcostal nerve">subcostal nerve</a> lies close to the anterior superior iliac spine, this is put at risk of damage.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Iliotibial_tract" title="Iliotibial tract">iliotibial tract</a> may be irritated where it passes over the anterior superior iliac spine in <a href="/wiki/Iliotibial_band_syndrome" title="Iliotibial band syndrome">iliotibial band syndrome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The line around anterior superior iliac spine is sometimes called the <b>panty line</b> or "bikini line".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is considered to be a "discreet" location for concealing cosmetic surgery scars and <a href="/wiki/Port_(medical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Port (medical)">ports</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Additional_images">Additional images</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anterior_superior_iliac_spine&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Additional images"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray235.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Right hip bone. External surface."><img alt="Right hip bone. External surface." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray235.png/104px-Gray235.png" decoding="async" width="104" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray235.png/157px-Gray235.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Gray235.png/209px-Gray235.png 2x" data-file-width="793" data-file-height="911" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Right hip bone. External surface.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray236.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Right hip bone. Internal surface."><img alt="Right hip bone. Internal surface." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray236.png/83px-Gray236.png" decoding="async" width="83" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray236.png/125px-Gray236.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Gray236.png/166px-Gray236.png 2x" data-file-width="485" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Right hip bone. Internal surface.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gray393.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The subcutaneous inguinal ring"><img alt="The subcutaneous inguinal ring" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray393.png/120px-Gray393.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray393.png/180px-Gray393.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Gray393.png/240px-Gray393.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="519" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The subcutaneous inguinal ring</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sobo_1909_573-574.png" class="mw-file-description" title="ASIS visible at top left, as the origin of several muscles"><img alt="ASIS visible at top left, as the origin of several muscles" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Sobo_1909_573-574.png/93px-Sobo_1909_573-574.png" decoding="async" width="93" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Sobo_1909_573-574.png/140px-Sobo_1909_573-574.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Sobo_1909_573-574.png/187px-Sobo_1909_573-574.png 2x" data-file-width="1190" data-file-height="1526" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">ASIS visible at top left, as the origin of several muscles</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:McBurney%27s_point.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of McBurney's point (1), which is located two thirds the distance from the umbilicus (2) to the anterior superior iliac spine (3)"><img alt="Location of McBurney's point (1), which is located two thirds the distance from the umbilicus (2) to the anterior superior iliac spine (3)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/McBurney%27s_point.jpg/120px-McBurney%27s_point.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/McBurney%27s_point.jpg/180px-McBurney%27s_point.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/McBurney%27s_point.jpg/240px-McBurney%27s_point.jpg 2x" data-file-width="777" data-file-height="486" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Location of <a href="/wiki/McBurney%27s_point" title="McBurney's point">McBurney's point</a> (1), which is located two thirds the distance from the <a href="/wiki/Navel" title="Navel">umbilicus</a> (2) to the anterior superior iliac spine (3)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anterior_superior_iliac_spine&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bone#Terminology" title="Bone">Bone terminology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_terms_of_location" title="Anatomical terms of location">Anatomical terms of location</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilium_(bone)" title="Ilium (bone)">Ilium (bone)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_anatomical_terms#Anatomical_directions" class="mw-redirect" title="Human anatomical terms">Human anatomical terms</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anterior_superior_iliac_spine&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:0-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChaitowDeLany2011" class="citation cs2">Chaitow, Leon; DeLany, Judith (2011-01-01), Chaitow, Leon; DeLany, Judith (eds.), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780443068157000127">"Chapter 12 - The hip"</a>, <i>Clinical Application of Neuromuscular Techniques, Volume 2 (Second Edition)</i>, Oxford: Churchill Livingstone, pp. 391–445, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-443-06815-7.00012-7">10.1016/b978-0-443-06815-7.00012-7</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-443-06815-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-443-06815-7"><bdi>978-0-443-06815-7</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-15</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Clinical+Application+of+Neuromuscular+Techniques%2C+Volume+2+%28Second+Edition%29&rft.atitle=Chapter+12+-+The+hip&rft.pages=391-445&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-443-06815-7.00012-7&rft.isbn=978-0-443-06815-7&rft.aulast=Chaitow&rft.aufirst=Leon&rft.au=DeLany%2C+Judith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencedirect.com%2Fscience%2Farticle%2Fpii%2FB9780443068157000127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnterior+superior+iliac+spine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGarten2013" class="citation cs2">Garten, Hans (2013), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7020-3739-9.00091-2">"M. tensor fasciae latae"</a>, <i>The Muscle Test Handbook</i>, Elsevier, pp. 236–237, <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-7020-3739-9.00091-2">10.1016/b978-0-7020-3739-9.00091-2</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-3739-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7020-3739-9"><bdi>978-0-7020-3739-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-12-15</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Muscle+Test+Handbook&rft.atitle=M.+tensor+fasciae+latae&rft.pages=236-237&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-7020-3739-9.00091-2&rft.isbn=978-0-7020-3739-9&rft.aulast=Garten&rft.aufirst=Hans&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-7020-3739-9.00091-2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnterior+superior+iliac+spine" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaitowDeLany2011" class="citation cs2">Chaitow, Leon; 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Elsevier. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tk.de/rochelexikon/pics/s03281.000-3.html">the original</a> on 2012-07-22.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Roche+Lexicon+-+illustrated+navigator&rft.atitle=Anatomy+diagram%3A+03281.000-3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tk.de%2Frochelexikon%2Fpics%2Fs03281.000-3.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAnterior+superior+iliac+spine" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20081217070227/http://academic.wsc.edu/faculty/jatodd1/351/pelvis_anterior.jpg">Diagram at Wayne State</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bones_of_the_pelvis" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pelvis" title="Template:Pelvis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pelvis" title="Template talk:Pelvis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pelvis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pelvis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bones_of_the_pelvis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bone" title="Bone">Bones</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Human_pelvis" class="mw-redirect" title="Human pelvis">pelvis</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sacrum" title="Sacrum">sacrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coccyx" title="Coccyx">coccyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_bone" title="Hip bone">hip bone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ilium_(bone)" title="Ilium (bone)">Ilium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Body_of_ilium" class="mw-redirect" title="Body of ilium">body</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arcuate_line_of_ilium" title="Arcuate line of ilium">arcuate line</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Wing_of_ilium" title="Wing of ilium">wing</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>gluteal lines</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_gluteal_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Posterior gluteal line">posterior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_gluteal_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Anterior gluteal line">anterior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inferior_gluteal_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Inferior gluteal line">inferior</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>iliac spines</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">anterior superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anterior_inferior_iliac_spine" title="Anterior inferior iliac spine">anterior inferior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_superior_iliac_spine" title="Posterior superior iliac spine">posterior superior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Posterior_inferior_iliac_spine" title="Posterior inferior iliac spine">posterior inferior</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nobold"><i>other:</i></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iliac_crest" title="Iliac crest">crest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iliac_tuberosity" title="Iliac tuberosity">tuberosity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iliac_tubercle" title="Iliac tubercle">tubercle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iliac_fossa" title="Iliac fossa">fossa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ischium" title="Ischium">Ischium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">body</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ischial_spine" title="Ischial spine">ischial spine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_sciatic_notch" title="Lesser sciatic notch">lesser sciatic notch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">superior ramus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tuberosity_of_the_ischium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tuberosity of the ischium">tuberosity of the ischium</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">inferior ramus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>no substructures</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pubis_(bone)" title="Pubis (bone)">Pubis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>body <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pubic_crest" title="Pubic crest">pubic crest</a></li></ul></li> <li>superior ramus <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pubic_tubercle" title="Pubic tubercle">pubic tubercle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obturator_crest" title="Obturator crest">obturator crest</a></li></ul></li> <li>inferior ramus <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pectineal_line_(pubis)" title="Pectineal line (pubis)">pectineal line</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compound</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetabulum" title="Acetabulum">acetabulum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acetabular_notch" title="Acetabular notch">acetabular notch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iliopubic_eminence" title="Iliopubic eminence">iliopubic eminence</a> / <a href="/wiki/Iliopectineal_line" title="Iliopectineal line">iliopectineal line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linea_terminalis" title="Linea terminalis">linea terminalis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ischiopubic_ramus" title="Ischiopubic ramus">ischiopubic ramus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Pubic_arch" title="Pubic arch">pubic arch</a></li> <li>Foramina <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Obturator_foramen" title="Obturator foramen">obturator foramen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greater_sciatic_foramen" title="Greater sciatic foramen">greater sciatic foramen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Greater_sciatic_notch" title="Greater sciatic notch">greater sciatic notch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesser_sciatic_foramen" title="Lesser sciatic foramen">lesser sciatic foramen</a></li></ul></li> <li>Landmarks <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pelvic_inlet" title="Pelvic inlet">pelvic inlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelvic_brim" title="Pelvic brim">pelvic brim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelvic_outlet" title="Pelvic outlet">pelvic outlet</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" 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