CINXE.COM

Q&A | The Nation

<!doctype html> <!--[if lt IE 9]><html class="no-js no-svg ie lt-ie9 lt-ie8 lt-ie7" lang="en-US"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9]><html class="no-js no-svg ie ie9 lt-ie9 lt-ie8" lang="en-US"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 9]><!--> <html class="no-js no-svg" lang="en-US"> <!--<![endif]--> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"/> <meta name="description" content="The Nation Magazine"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/style.css" type="text/css" media="screen"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"/> <!-- Always force latest IE rendering engine or request Chrome Frame --> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={xpid:"XAEGVF5RGwYEV1dRAgI=",licenseKey:"442438c9d9",applicationID:"5436353"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-full-1.274.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={8122:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>i});var n=r(944);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.R)(3);if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.R)(4);const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{if(null===e[a]){r[a]=null;continue}Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.R)(1,e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.R)(2,e)}}},2555:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Vp:()=>c,fn:()=>s,x1:()=>d});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={beacon:n.NT.beacon,errorBeacon:n.NT.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){try{const t=c(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}function c(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function d(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}},9417:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D0:()=>h,gD:()=>p,xN:()=>g});var n=r(993);const i=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var o=r(2614),a=r(944),s=r(384),c=r(8122);const d="[data-nr-mask]",u=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},feature_flags:[],generic_events:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},logging:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0,level:n.p_.INFO},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},obfuscate:void 0,page_action:{enabled:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},performance:{capture_marks:!1,capture_measures:!1},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},session:{expiresMs:o.wk,inactiveMs:o.BB},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,preload:!1,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,fix_stylesheets:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){i(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(d):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=d:(0,a.R)(5,t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){i(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,a.R)(6,t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,a.R)(7,t)}},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},soft_navigations:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},ssl:void 0,user_actions:{enabled:!0}}},l={},f="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function h(e){if(!e)throw new Error(f);if(!l[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return l[e]}function g(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);l[e]=(0,c.a)(t,u());const r=(0,s.nY)(e);r&&(r.init=l[e])}function p(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(f);var r=h(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}},5603:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>c,o:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(8122);const o={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.a)(t,o);const r=(0,n.nY)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=a[e])}},3371:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>f,f:()=>l});var n=r(8122),i=r(384),o=r(6154),a=r(9324);let s=0;const c={buildEnv:a.F3,distMethod:a.Xs,version:a.xv,originTime:o.WN},d={customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,onerror:void 0,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},appMetadata:{},session:void 0,denyList:void 0,timeKeeper:void 0,obfuscator:void 0},u={};function l(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!u[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return u[e]}function f(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");u[e]={...(0,n.a)(t,d),...c},Object.hasOwnProperty.call(u[e],"harvestCount")||Object.defineProperty(u[e],"harvestCount",{get:()=>++s});const r=(0,i.nY)(e);r&&(r.runtime=u[e])}},9324:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{F3:()=>i,Xs:()=>o,Yq:()=>a,xv:()=>n});const n="1.274.0",i="PROD",o="CDN",a="^2.0.0-alpha.17"},6154:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{OF:()=>d,RI:()=>i,WN:()=>f,bv:()=>o,gm:()=>a,lR:()=>l,m:()=>c,mw:()=>s,sb:()=>u});var n=r(1863);const i="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,o="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),a=i?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),s=Boolean("hidden"===a?.document?.visibilityState),c=""+a?.location,d=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(a.navigator?.userAgent),u=d&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,l=(()=>{const e=a.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);return Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2?+e[1]:0})(),f=Date.now()-(0,n.t)()},7295:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Xv:()=>a,gX:()=>i,iW:()=>o});var n=[];function i(e){if(!e||o(e))return!1;if(0===n.length)return!0;for(var t=0;t<n.length;t++){var r=n[t];if("*"===r.hostname)return!1;if(s(r.hostname,e.hostname)&&c(r.pathname,e.pathname))return!1}return!0}function o(e){return void 0===e.hostname}function a(e){if(n=[],e&&e.length)for(var t=0;t<e.length;t++){let r=e[t];if(!r)continue;0===r.indexOf("http://")?r=r.substring(7):0===r.indexOf("https://")&&(r=r.substring(8));const i=r.indexOf("/");let o,a;i>0?(o=r.substring(0,i),a=r.substring(i)):(o=r,a="");let[s]=o.split(":");n.push({hostname:s,pathname:a})}}function s(e,t){return!(e.length>t.length)&&t.indexOf(e)===t.length-e.length}function c(e,t){return 0===e.indexOf("/")&&(e=e.substring(1)),0===t.indexOf("/")&&(t=t.substring(1)),""===e||e===t}},1687:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Ak:()=>c,Ze:()=>l,x3:()=>d});var n=r(7836),i=r(3606),o=r(860),a=r(2646);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:o.P3[t]||0};u(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function d(e,t){e&&s[e]&&(s[e].get(t)&&s[e].delete(t),h(e,t,!1),s[e].size&&f(e))}function u(e){if(!e)throw new Error("agentIdentifier required");s[e]||(s[e]=new Map)}function l(e="",t="feature",r=!1){if(u(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return h(e,t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0,f(e)}function f(e){const t=Array.from(s[e]);t.every((([e,t])=>t.staged))&&(t.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),t.forEach((([t])=>{s[e].delete(t),h(e,t)})))}function h(e,t,r=!0){const o=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,s=i.i.handlers;if(!o.aborted&&o.backlog&&s){if(r){const e=o.backlog[t],r=s[t];if(r){for(let t=0;e&&t<e.length;++t)g(e[t],r);Object.entries(r).forEach((([e,t])=>{Object.values(t||{}).forEach((t=>{t[0]?.on&&t[0]?.context()instanceof a.y&&t[0].on(e,t[1])}))}))}}o.isolatedBacklog||delete s[t],o.backlog[t]=null,o.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}function g(e,t){var r=e[1];Object.values(t[r]||{}).forEach((t=>{var r=e[0];if(t[0]===r){var n=t[1],i=e[3],o=e[2];n.apply(i,o)}}))}},7836:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>c,ee:()=>d});var n=r(384),i=r(8990),o=r(3371),a=r(2646),s=r(5607);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.W),d=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},u={},l=!1;try{l=16===r.length&&(0,o.f)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var f={on:g,addEventListener:g,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(d.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=h(n),c=p(e),u=c.length,l=0;l<u;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var g=v()[s[e]];g&&g.push([f,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:p,context:h,buffer:function(e,t){const r=v();if(t=t||"feature",f.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((([e,n])=>{s[n]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:function(){f._aborted=!0,Object.keys(f.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete f.backlog[e]}))},isBuffering:function(e){return!!v()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:l?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{},isolatedBacklog:l};return Object.defineProperty(f,"aborted",{get:()=>{let e=f._aborted||!1;return e||(t&&(e=t.aborted),e)}}),f;function h(e){return e&&e instanceof a.y?e:e?(0,i.I)(e,c,(()=>new a.y(c))):new a.y(c)}function g(e,t){n[e]=p(e).concat(t)}function p(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return u[t]=u[t]||e(f,t)}function v(){return f.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),u=(0,n.Zm)();u.ee||(u.ee=d)},2646:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{y:()=>n});class n{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}},9908:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{d:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(7836).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},3606:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{i:()=>o});var n=r(9908);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.d,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.d);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3878:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){return{capture:e,passive:!1,signal:t}}function i(e,t,r=!1,i){window.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}function o(e,t,r=!1,i){document.addEventListener(e,t,n(r,i))}r.d(t,{DD:()=>o,jT:()=>n,sp:()=>i})},5607:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>n});const n=(0,r(9566).bz)()},9566:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{LA:()=>s,ZF:()=>c,bz:()=>a,el:()=>d});var n=r(6154);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n.gm?.crypto||n.gm?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}function c(){return s(16)}function d(){return s(32)}},2614:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>a,H3:()=>n,g:()=>d,iL:()=>c,tS:()=>s,uh:()=>i,wk:()=>o});const n="NRBA",i="SESSION",o=144e5,a=18e5,s={STARTED:"session-started",PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},c={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},d={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},1863:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.floor(performance.now())}r.d(t,{t:()=>n})},7485:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(6154);function i(e){if(0===(e||"").indexOf("data:"))return{protocol:"data"};try{const t=new URL(e,location.href),r={port:t.port,hostname:t.hostname,pathname:t.pathname,search:t.search,protocol:t.protocol.slice(0,t.protocol.indexOf(":")),sameOrigin:t.protocol===n.gm?.location?.protocol&&t.host===n.gm?.location?.host};return r.port&&""!==r.port||("http:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="80"),"https:"===t.protocol&&(r.port="443")),r.pathname&&""!==r.pathname?r.pathname.startsWith("/")||(r.pathname="/".concat(r.pathname)):r.pathname="/",r}catch(e){return{}}}},944:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.debug&&console.debug("New Relic Warning: https://github.com/newrelic/newrelic-browser-agent/blob/main/docs/warning-codes.md#".concat(e),t)}r.d(t,{R:()=>n})},5284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>c,B:()=>s});var n=r(7836),i=r(6154);const o="newrelic";const a=new Set,s={};function c(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);s[t]??={},e&&"object"==typeof e&&(a.has(t)||(r.emit("rumresp",[e]),s[t]=e,a.add(t),function(e={}){try{i.gm.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(o,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}},8990:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{I:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},6389:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t=500,r={}){const n=r?.leading||!1;let i;return(...r)=>{n&&void 0===i&&(e.apply(this,r),i=setTimeout((()=>{i=clearTimeout(i)}),t)),n||(clearTimeout(i),i=setTimeout((()=>{e.apply(this,r)}),t))}}function i(e){let t=!1;return(...r)=>{t||(t=!0,e.apply(this,r))}}r.d(t,{J:()=>i,s:()=>n})},3304:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>o});var n=r(7836);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())??""}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}return""}}},5289:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{GG:()=>o,sB:()=>a});var n=r(3878);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.sp)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.DD)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},384:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{NT:()=>o,US:()=>u,Zm:()=>a,bQ:()=>c,dV:()=>s,nY:()=>d,pV:()=>l});var n=r(6154),i=r(1863);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return n.gm.NREUM||(n.gm.NREUM={}),void 0===n.gm.newrelic&&(n.gm.newrelic=n.gm.NREUM),n.gm.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:n.gm.setTimeout,SI:n.gm.setImmediate,CT:n.gm.clearTimeout,XHR:n.gm.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:n.gm.Request,EV:n.gm.Event,PR:n.gm.Promise,MO:n.gm.MutationObserver,FETCH:n.gm.fetch,WS:n.gm.WebSocket}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,i.t)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function d(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function u(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},2843:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>i});var n=r(3878);function i(e,t=!1,r,i){(0,n.DD)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},8139:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{u:()=>f});var n=r(7836),i=r(3434),o=r(8990),a=r(6154);const s={},c=a.gm.XMLHttpRequest,d="addEventListener",u="removeEventListener",l="nr@wrapped:".concat(n.P);function f(e){var t=function(e){return(e||n.ee).get("events")}(e);if(s[t.debugId]++)return t;s[t.debugId]=1;var r=(0,i.YM)(t,!0);function f(e){r.inPlace(e,[d,u],"-",g)}function g(e,t){return e[1]}return"getPrototypeOf"in Object&&(a.RI&&h(document,f),h(a.gm,f),h(c.prototype,f)),t.on(d+"-start",(function(e,t){var n=e[1];if(null!==n&&("function"==typeof n||"object"==typeof n)){var i=(0,o.I)(n,l,(function(){var e={object:function(){if("function"!=typeof n.handleEvent)return;return n.handleEvent.apply(n,arguments)},function:n}[typeof n];return e?r(e,"fn-",null,e.name||"anonymous"):n}));this.wrapped=e[1]=i}})),t.on(u+"-start",(function(e){e[1]=this.wrapped||e[1]})),t}function h(e,t,...r){let n=e;for(;"object"==typeof n&&!Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(n,d);)n=Object.getPrototypeOf(n);n&&t(n,...r)}},3434:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{YM:()=>c});var n=r(7836),i=r(5607);const o="nr@original:".concat(i.W);var a=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty,s=!1;function c(e,t){return e||(e=n.ee),r.inPlace=function(e,t,n,i,o){n||(n="");const a="-"===n.charAt(0);for(let s=0;s<t.length;s++){const c=t[s],d=e[c];u(d)||(e[c]=r(d,a?c+n:n,i,c,o))}},r.flag=o,r;function r(t,r,n,s,c){return u(t)?t:(r||(r=""),nrWrapper[o]=t,function(e,t,r){if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.keys(e).forEach((function(r){Object.defineProperty(t,r,{get:function(){return e[r]},set:function(t){return e[r]=t,t}})})),t}catch(e){d([e],r)}for(var n in e)a.call(e,n)&&(t[n]=e[n])}(t,nrWrapper,e),nrWrapper);function nrWrapper(){var o,a,u,l;try{a=this,o=[...arguments],u="function"==typeof n?n(o,a):n||{}}catch(t){d([t,"",[o,a,s],u],e)}i(r+"start",[o,a,s],u,c);try{return l=t.apply(a,o)}catch(e){throw i(r+"err",[o,a,e],u,c),e}finally{i(r+"end",[o,a,l],u,c)}}}function i(r,n,i,o){if(!s||t){var a=s;s=!0;try{e.emit(r,n,i,t,o)}catch(t){d([t,r,n,i],e)}s=a}}}function d(e,t){t||(t=n.ee);try{t.emit("internal-error",e)}catch(e){}}function u(e){return!(e&&"function"==typeof e&&e.apply&&!e[o])}},9300:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.ajax},3333:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,Zp:()=>i,mq:()=>s,nf:()=>a,qN:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.genericEvents,i=["auxclick","click","copy","keydown","paste","scrollend"],o=["focus","blur"],a=4,s=1e3},6774:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.jserrors},993:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{ET:()=>o,TZ:()=>a,p_:()=>i});var n=r(860);const i={ERROR:"ERROR",WARN:"WARN",INFO:"INFO",DEBUG:"DEBUG",TRACE:"TRACE"},o="log",a=n.K7.logging},3785:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{R:()=>c,b:()=>d});var n=r(9908),i=r(1863),o=r(860),a=r(3969),s=r(993);function c(e,t,r={},c=s.p_.INFO){(0,n.p)(a.xV,["API/logging/".concat(c.toLowerCase(),"/called")],void 0,o.K7.metrics,e),(0,n.p)(s.ET,[(0,i.t)(),t,r,c],void 0,o.K7.logging,e)}function d(e){return"string"==typeof e&&Object.values(s.p_).some((t=>t===e.toUpperCase().trim()))}},3969:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{TZ:()=>n,XG:()=>s,rs:()=>i,xV:()=>a,z_:()=>o});const n=r(860).K7.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},6630:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewEvent},782:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{T:()=>n});const n=r(860).K7.pageViewTiming},6344:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{BB:()=>u,G4:()=>o,Qb:()=>l,TZ:()=>i,Ug:()=>a,_s:()=>s,bc:()=>d,yP:()=>c});var n=r(2614);const i=r(860).K7.sessionReplay,o={RECORD:"recordReplay",PAUSE:"pauseReplay",REPLAY_RUNNING:"replayRunning",ERROR_DURING_REPLAY:"errorDuringReplay"},a=.12,s={DomContentLoaded:0,Load:1,FullSnapshot:2,IncrementalSnapshot:3,Meta:4,Custom:5},c={[n.g.ERROR]:15e3,[n.g.FULL]:3e5,[n.g.OFF]:0},d={RESET:{message:"Session was reset",sm:"Reset"},IMPORT:{message:"Recorder failed to import",sm:"Import"},TOO_MANY:{message:"429: Too Many Requests",sm:"Too-Many"},TOO_BIG:{message:"Payload was too large",sm:"Too-Big"},CROSS_TAB:{message:"Session Entity was set to OFF on another tab",sm:"Cross-Tab"},ENTITLEMENTS:{message:"Session Replay is not allowed and will not be started",sm:"Entitlement"}},u=5e3,l={API:"api"}},5270:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Aw:()=>c,CT:()=>d,SR:()=>s});var n=r(384),i=r(9417),o=r(7767),a=r(6154);function s(e){return!!(0,n.dV)().o.MO&&(0,o.V)(e)&&!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_trace.enabled")}function c(e){return!0===(0,i.gD)(e,"session_replay.preload")&&s(e)}function d(e,t){const r=t.correctAbsoluteTimestamp(e);return{originalTimestamp:e,correctedTimestamp:r,timestampDiff:e-r,originTime:a.WN,correctedOriginTime:t.correctedOriginTime,originTimeDiff:Math.floor(a.WN-t.correctedOriginTime)}}},3738:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{He:()=>i,Kp:()=>s,Lc:()=>d,Rz:()=>u,TZ:()=>n,bD:()=>o,d3:()=>a,jx:()=>l,uP:()=>c});const n=r(860).K7.sessionTrace,i="bstResource",o="resource",a="-start",s="-end",c="fn"+a,d="fn"+s,u="pushState",l=1e3},4234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>o});var n=r(7836),i=r(1687);class o{constructor(e,t){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=t,this.blocked=!1}deregisterDrain(){(0,i.x3)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName)}}},7767:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{V:()=>o});var n=r(9417),i=r(6154);const o=e=>i.RI&&!0===(0,n.gD)(e,"privacy.cookies_enabled")},425:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>P});var n=r(860),i=r(2555),o=r(3371),a=r(9908),s=r(7836),c=r(1687),d=r(5289),u=r(6154),l=r(944),f=r(3969),h=r(384),g=r(6344);const p=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start",g.G4.RECORD,g.G4.PAUSE,"log","wrapLogger"],m=["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"];var v=r(1863),b=r(2614),y=r(993),R=r(3785),x=r(2646),w=r(3434);function T(e,t,r,n){if("object"!=typeof t||!t||"string"!=typeof r||!r||"function"!=typeof t[r])return(0,l.R)(29);const i=function(e){return(e||s.ee).get("logger")}(e),o=(0,w.YM)(i),a=new x.y(s.P);return a.level=n.level,a.customAttributes=n.customAttributes,o.inPlace(t,[r],"wrap-logger-",a),i}function A(){const e=(0,h.pV)();p.forEach((t=>{e[t]=(...r)=>function(t,...r){let n=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e&&e.api?e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&n.push(e.api[t](...r)):(0,l.R)(38,t)})),n.length>1?n:n[0]}(t,...r)}))}const E={};var S=r(9417),_=r(5603),O=r(5284);const N=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let I=!1;function P(e,t={},p,x){let{init:w,info:P,loader_config:j,runtime:C={},exposed:k=!0}=t;C.loaderType=p;const H=(0,h.pV)();P||(w=H.init,P=H.info,j=H.loader_config),(0,S.xN)(e.agentIdentifier,w||{}),(0,_.a)(e.agentIdentifier,j||{}),P.jsAttributes??={},u.bv&&(P.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.x1)(e.agentIdentifier,P);const D=(0,S.D0)(e.agentIdentifier),L=[P.beacon,P.errorBeacon];I||(D.proxy.assets&&(N(D.proxy.assets),L.push(D.proxy.assets)),D.proxy.beacon&&L.push(D.proxy.beacon),A(),(0,h.US)("activatedFeatures",O.B),e.runSoftNavOverSpa&&=!0===D.soft_navigations.enabled&&D.feature_flags.includes("soft_nav")),C.denyList=[...D.ajax.deny_list||[],...D.ajax.block_internal?L:[]],C.ptid=e.agentIdentifier,(0,o.V)(e.agentIdentifier,C),e.ee=s.ee.get(e.agentIdentifier),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t,h=!1){t||(0,c.Ak)(e,"api");const p={};var x=s.ee.get(e),w=x.get("tracer");E[e]=b.g.OFF,x.on(g.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(t=>{E[e]=t}));var A="api-",S=A+"ixn-";function _(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.Vp)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.x1)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),I(A,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function O(){}p.log=function(e,{customAttributes:t={},level:r=y.p_.INFO}={}){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/log/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,R.R)(x,e,t,r)},p.wrapLogger=(e,t,{customAttributes:r={},level:i=y.p_.INFO}={})=>{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/wrapLogger/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),T(x,e,t,{customAttributes:r,level:i})},m.forEach((e=>{p[e]=I(A,e,!0,"api")})),p.addPageAction=I(A,"addPageAction",!0,n.K7.genericEvents),p.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,o.f)(e).customTransaction=(r||"http://custom.transaction")+t,I(A,"setPageViewName",!0)()},p.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t,r=!1){if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return _(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.R)(40,typeof t)}else(0,l.R)(39,typeof e)},p.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return _("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.R)(41,typeof e)},p.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return _("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.R)(42,typeof e)},p.start=()=>{try{(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/start/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),x.emit("manual-start-all")}catch(e){(0,l.R)(23,e)}},p[g.G4.RECORD]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)(g.G4.RECORD,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,x)},p[g.G4.PAUSE]=function(){(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)(g.G4.PAUSE,[],void 0,n.K7.sessionReplay,x)},p.interaction=function(e){return(new O).get("object"==typeof e?e:{})};const N=O.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,o="function"==typeof t;return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),h||(0,a.p)(S+"tracer",[(0,v.t)(),e,r],i,n.K7.spa,x),function(){if(w.emit((o?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,v.t)(),i,o],r),o)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){const t="string"==typeof e?new Error(e):e;throw w.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,t],r),t}finally{w.emit("fn-end",[(0,v.t)()],r)}}}};function I(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),i&&(0,a.p)(e+t,[(0,v.t)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,x),r?void 0:this}}function P(){r.e(891).then(r.bind(r,8778)).then((({setAPI:t})=>{t(e),(0,c.Ze)(e,"api")})).catch((e=>{(0,l.R)(27,e),x.abort()}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{N[e]=I(S,e,void 0,h?n.K7.softNav:n.K7.spa)})),p.setCurrentRouteName=h?I(S,"routeName",void 0,n.K7.softNav):I(A,"routeName",!0,n.K7.spa),p.noticeError=function(t,r){"string"==typeof t&&(t=new Error(t)),(0,a.p)(f.xV,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.K7.metrics,x),(0,a.p)("err",[t,(0,v.t)(),!1,r,!!E[e]],void 0,n.K7.jserrors,x)},u.RI?(0,d.GG)((()=>P()),!0):P(),p}(e.agentIdentifier,x,e.runSoftNavOverSpa)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=k),I=!0}},8374:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},860:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{$J:()=>o,K7:()=>n,P3:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",genericEvents:"generic_events",jserrors:"jserrors",logging:"logging",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",softNav:"soft_navigations",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.spa]:5,[n.ajax]:6,[n.sessionTrace]:7,[n.softNav]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9,[n.logging]:10,[n.genericEvents]:11},o={[n.pageViewTiming]:"events",[n.ajax]:"events",[n.spa]:"events",[n.softNav]:"events",[n.metrics]:"jserrors",[n.jserrors]:"jserrors",[n.sessionTrace]:"browser/blobs",[n.sessionReplay]:"browser/blobs",[n.logging]:"browser/logs",[n.genericEvents]:"ins"}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>({95:"nr-full-compressor",222:"nr-full-recorder",891:"nr-full"}[e]+"-1.274.0.min.js"),i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.274.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var d=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),u=0;u<d.length;u++){var l=d[u];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={891:"sha512-Sx2xJQrHp2m/Ngn/ZcfBCUwNr2Xy/C5urYtWpfm3bWpil4spXOQGTtNwIfF5HvPGioGASn9QTyE4Z+zC7r7wcg==",222:"sha512-hMte3OWgwwYeisSiD7WCIx/6tT16zLaPjag9uF4tIZp7ybOvrJKbeyzhe4fz1tDbkdcdOMm8dvgPPLBatSAGeA==",95:"sha512-MPaT9dkHv16XzwEUVZPyqpN1do/Er1XFAZoIAPYWylmv+iGIThqN+GwQq27pUyAX7sNXVJQVZezH96p53Ks3Pg=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var h=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(g);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},g=setTimeout(h.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=h.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=h.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={959:0,85:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,d=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);d<a.length;d++)o=a[d],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.274.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(8374);var e=i(944),t=i(6344),r=i(9566);class n{agentIdentifier;constructor(e=(0,r.LA)(16)){this.agentIdentifier=e}#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}log(e,t){return this.#e("log",e,t)}}class o extends n{#e(t,...r){if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...r);(0,e.R)(35,t)}start(){return this.#e("start")}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.RECORD)}pauseReplay(){return this.#e(t.G4.PAUSE)}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}wrapLogger(e,t,r){return this.#e("wrapLogger",e,t,r)}}var a=i(860),s=i(9417);const c=Object.values(a.K7);function d(e){const t={};return c.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!0===(0,s.gD)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var u=i(425);var l=i(1687),f=i(4234),h=i(5289),g=i(6154),p=i(5270),m=i(7767),v=i(6389);class b extends f.W{constructor(e,t,r=!0){super(e.agentIdentifier,t),this.auto=r,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===e.init[this.featureName].autoStart&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto?(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,t):this.ee.on("manual-start-all",(0,v.J)((()=>{(0,l.Ak)(e.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator(e)})))}importAggregator(t,r={}){if(this.featAggregate||!this.auto)return;let n;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{n=e}));const o=async()=>{let o;try{if((0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier)){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6526));o=e(t)}}catch(t){(0,e.R)(20,t),this.ee.emit("internal-error",[t]),this.featureName===a.K7.sessionReplay&&this.abortHandler?.()}try{if(t.sharedAggregator)await t.sharedAggregator;else{t.sharedAggregator=i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,9337));const{EventAggregator:e}=await t.sharedAggregator;t.sharedAggregator=new e}if(!this.#t(this.featureName,o))return(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void n(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(891).then(i.bind(i,6103)),{Aggregate:a}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new a(t,r),n(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.R)(34,t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,l.Ze)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),n(!1),this.ee&&this.ee.abort()}};g.RI?(0,h.GG)((()=>o()),!0):o()}#t(e,t){switch(e){case a.K7.sessionReplay:return(0,p.SR)(this.agentIdentifier)&&!!t;case a.K7.sessionTrace:return!!t;default:return!0}}}var y=i(6630);class R extends b{static featureName=y.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,y.T,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var x=i(384);var w=i(9908),T=i(2843),A=i(3878),E=i(782),S=i(1863);class _ extends b{static featureName=E.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,E.T,t),g.RI&&((0,T.u)((()=>(0,w.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee)),!0),(0,A.sp)("pagehide",(()=>(0,w.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.t)()],void 0,E.T,this.ee))),this.importAggregator(e))}}var O=i(3969);class N extends b{static featureName=O.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,O.TZ,t),this.importAggregator(e)}}var I=i(6774),P=i(3304);class j{constructor(e,t,r,n,i){this.name="UncaughtError",this.message="string"==typeof e?e:(0,P.A)(e),this.sourceURL=t,this.line=r,this.column=n,this.__newrelic=i}}function C(e){return D(e)?e:new j(void 0!==e?.message?e.message:e,e?.filename||e?.sourceURL,e?.lineno||e?.line,e?.colno||e?.col,e?.__newrelic)}function k(e){const t="Unhandled Promise Rejection";if(!e?.reason)return;if(D(e.reason))try{return e.reason.message=t+": "+e.reason.message,C(e.reason)}catch(t){return C(e.reason)}const r=C(e.reason);return r.message=t+": "+r?.message,r}function H(e){if(e.error instanceof SyntaxError&&!/:\d+$/.test(e.error.stack?.trim())){const t=new j(e.message,e.filename,e.lineno,e.colno,e.error.__newrelic);return t.name=SyntaxError.name,t}return D(e.error)?e.error:C(e)}function D(e){return e instanceof Error&&!!e.stack}class L extends b{static featureName=I.T;#r=!1;constructor(e,r=!0){super(e,I.T,r);try{this.removeOnAbort=new AbortController}catch(e){}this.ee.on("internal-error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("ierr",[C(e),(0,S.t)(),!0,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.#r=e})),g.gm.addEventListener("unhandledrejection",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[k(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{unhandledPromiseRejection:1},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),g.gm.addEventListener("error",(e=>{this.abortHandler&&(0,w.p)("err",[H(e),(0,S.t)(),!1,{},this.#r],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)}),(0,A.jT)(!1,this.removeOnAbort?.signal)),this.abortHandler=this.#n,this.importAggregator(e)}#n(){this.removeOnAbort?.abort(),this.abortHandler=void 0}}var K=i(8990);let M=1;const U="nr@id";function V(e){const t=typeof e;return!e||"object"!==t&&"function"!==t?-1:e===g.gm?0:(0,K.I)(e,U,(function(){return M++}))}function G(e){if("string"==typeof e&&e.length)return e.length;if("object"==typeof e){if("undefined"!=typeof ArrayBuffer&&e instanceof ArrayBuffer&&e.byteLength)return e.byteLength;if("undefined"!=typeof Blob&&e instanceof Blob&&e.size)return e.size;if(!("undefined"!=typeof FormData&&e instanceof FormData))try{return(0,P.A)(e).length}catch(e){return}}}var F=i(8139),B=i(7836),W=i(3434);const z={},q=["open","send"];function Z(t){var r=t||B.ee;const n=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("xhr")}(r);if(z[n.debugId]++)return n;z[n.debugId]=1,(0,F.u)(r);var i=(0,W.YM)(n),o=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest,a=g.gm.MutationObserver,s=g.gm.Promise,c=g.gm.setInterval,d="readystatechange",u=["onload","onerror","onabort","onloadstart","onloadend","onprogress","ontimeout"],l=[],f=g.gm.XMLHttpRequest=function(t){const r=new o(t),a=n.context(r);try{n.emit("new-xhr",[r],a),r.addEventListener(d,(s=a,function(){var e=this;e.readyState>3&&!s.resolved&&(s.resolved=!0,n.emit("xhr-resolved",[],e)),i.inPlace(e,u,"fn-",y)}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(15,t);try{n.emit("internal-error",[t])}catch(e){}}var s;return r};function h(e,t){i.inPlace(t,["onreadystatechange"],"fn-",y)}if(function(e,t){for(var r in e)t[r]=e[r]}(o,f),f.prototype=o.prototype,i.inPlace(f.prototype,q,"-xhr-",y),n.on("send-xhr-start",(function(e,t){h(e,t),function(e){l.push(e),a&&(p?p.then(b):c?c(b):(m=-m,v.data=m))}(t)})),n.on("open-xhr-start",h),a){var p=s&&s.resolve();if(!c&&!s){var m=1,v=document.createTextNode(m);new a(b).observe(v,{characterData:!0})}}else r.on("fn-end",(function(e){e[0]&&e[0].type===d||b()}));function b(){for(var e=0;e<l.length;e++)h(0,l[e]);l.length&&(l=[])}function y(e,t){return t}return n}var Y="fetch-",X=Y+"body-",Q=["arrayBuffer","blob","json","text","formData"],J=g.gm.Request,ee=g.gm.Response,te="prototype";const re={};function ne(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("fetch")}(e);if(!(J&&ee&&g.gm.fetch))return t;if(re[t.debugId]++)return t;function r(e,r,n){var i=e[r];"function"==typeof i&&(e[r]=function(){var e,r=[...arguments],o={};t.emit(n+"before-start",[r],o),o[B.P]&&o[B.P].dt&&(e=o[B.P].dt);var a=i.apply(this,r);return t.emit(n+"start",[r,e],a),a.then((function(e){return t.emit(n+"end",[null,e],a),e}),(function(e){throw t.emit(n+"end",[e],a),e}))})}return re[t.debugId]=1,Q.forEach((e=>{r(J[te],e,X),r(ee[te],e,X)})),r(g.gm,"fetch",Y),t.on(Y+"end",(function(e,r){var n=this;if(r){var i=r.headers.get("content-length");null!==i&&(n.rxSize=i),t.emit(Y+"done",[null,r],n)}else t.emit(Y+"done",[e],n)})),t}var ie=i(7485),oe=i(5603);class ae{constructor(e){this.agentIdentifier=e}generateTracePayload(e){if(!this.shouldGenerateTrace(e))return null;var t=(0,oe.o)(this.agentIdentifier);if(!t)return null;var n=(t.accountID||"").toString()||null,i=(t.agentID||"").toString()||null,o=(t.trustKey||"").toString()||null;if(!n||!i)return null;var a=(0,r.ZF)(),s=(0,r.el)(),c=Date.now(),d={spanId:a,traceId:s,timestamp:c};return(e.sameOrigin||this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useTraceContextHeadersForCors())&&(d.traceContextParentHeader=this.generateTraceContextParentHeader(a,s),d.traceContextStateHeader=this.generateTraceContextStateHeader(a,c,n,i,o)),(e.sameOrigin&&!this.excludeNewrelicHeader()||!e.sameOrigin&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)&&this.useNewrelicHeaderForCors())&&(d.newrelicHeader=this.generateTraceHeader(a,s,c,n,i,o)),d}generateTraceContextParentHeader(e,t){return"00-"+t+"-"+e+"-01"}generateTraceContextStateHeader(e,t,r,n,i){return i+"@nr=0-1-"+r+"-"+n+"-"+e+"----"+t}generateTraceHeader(e,t,r,n,i,o){if(!("function"==typeof g.gm?.btoa))return null;var a={v:[0,1],d:{ty:"Browser",ac:n,ap:i,id:e,tr:t,ti:r}};return o&&n!==o&&(a.d.tk=o),btoa((0,P.A)(a))}shouldGenerateTrace(e){return this.isDtEnabled()&&this.isAllowedOrigin(e)}isAllowedOrigin(e){var t=!1,r={};if((0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing")&&(r=(0,s.D0)(this.agentIdentifier).distributed_tracing),e.sameOrigin)t=!0;else if(r.allowed_origins instanceof Array)for(var n=0;n<r.allowed_origins.length;n++){var i=(0,ie.D)(r.allowed_origins[n]);if(e.hostname===i.hostname&&e.protocol===i.protocol&&e.port===i.port){t=!0;break}}return t}isDtEnabled(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.enabled}excludeNewrelicHeader(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.exclude_newrelic_header}useNewrelicHeaderForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!1!==e.cors_use_newrelic_header}useTraceContextHeadersForCors(){var e=(0,s.gD)(this.agentIdentifier,"distributed_tracing");return!!e&&!!e.cors_use_tracecontext_headers}}var se=i(9300),ce=i(7295),de=["load","error","abort","timeout"],ue=de.length,le=(0,x.dV)().o.REQ,fe=(0,x.dV)().o.XHR;class he extends b{static featureName=se.T;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,se.T,t),this.dt=new ae(e.agentIdentifier),this.handler=(e,t,r,n)=>(0,w.p)(e,t,r,n,this.ee);try{const e={xmlhttprequest:"xhr",fetch:"fetch",beacon:"beacon"};g.gm?.performance?.getEntriesByType("resource").forEach((t=>{if(t.initiatorType in e&&0!==t.responseStatus){const r={status:t.responseStatus},n={rxSize:t.transferSize,duration:Math.floor(t.duration),cbTime:0};ge(r,t.name),this.handler("xhr",[r,n,t.startTime,t.responseEnd,e[t.initiatorType]],void 0,a.K7.ajax)}}))}catch(e){}ne(this.ee),Z(this.ee),function(e,t,r,n){function i(e){var t=this;t.totalCbs=0,t.called=0,t.cbTime=0,t.end=x,t.ended=!1,t.xhrGuids={},t.lastSize=null,t.loadCaptureCalled=!1,t.params=this.params||{},t.metrics=this.metrics||{},e.addEventListener("load",(function(r){T(t,e)}),(0,A.jT)(!1)),g.lR||e.addEventListener("progress",(function(e){t.lastSize=e.loaded}),(0,A.jT)(!1))}function o(e){this.params={method:e[0]},ge(this,e[1]),this.metrics={}}function s(t,r){e.loader_config.xpid&&this.sameOrigin&&r.setRequestHeader("X-NewRelic-ID",e.loader_config.xpid);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i){var o=!1;i.newrelicHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("newrelic",i.newrelicHeader),o=!0),i.traceContextParentHeader&&(r.setRequestHeader("traceparent",i.traceContextParentHeader),i.traceContextStateHeader&&r.setRequestHeader("tracestate",i.traceContextStateHeader),o=!0),o&&(this.dt=i)}}function c(e,r){var n=this.metrics,i=e[0],o=this;if(n&&i){var a=G(i);a&&(n.txSize=a)}this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.body=i,this.listener=function(e){try{"abort"!==e.type||o.loadCaptureCalled||(o.params.aborted=!0),("load"!==e.type||o.called===o.totalCbs&&(o.onloadCalled||"function"!=typeof r.onload)&&"function"==typeof o.end)&&o.end(r)}catch(e){try{t.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}};for(var s=0;s<ue;s++)r.addEventListener(de[s],this.listener,(0,A.jT)(!1))}function d(e,t,r){this.cbTime+=e,t?this.onloadCalled=!0:this.called+=1,this.called!==this.totalCbs||!this.onloadCalled&&"function"==typeof r.onload||"function"!=typeof this.end||this.end(r)}function u(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&!this.xhrGuids[r]&&(this.xhrGuids[r]=!0,this.totalCbs+=1)}function l(e,t){var r=""+V(e)+!!t;this.xhrGuids&&this.xhrGuids[r]&&(delete this.xhrGuids[r],this.totalCbs-=1)}function f(){this.endTime=(0,S.t)()}function h(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-added",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function p(e,r){r instanceof fe&&"load"===e[0]&&t.emit("xhr-load-removed",[e[1],e[2]],r)}function m(e,t,r){t instanceof fe&&("onload"===r&&(this.onload=!0),("load"===(e[0]&&e[0].type)||this.onload)&&(this.xhrCbStart=(0,S.t)()))}function v(e,r){this.xhrCbStart&&t.emit("xhr-cb-time",[(0,S.t)()-this.xhrCbStart,this.onload,r],r)}function b(e){var t,r=e[1]||{};if("string"==typeof e[0]?0===(t=e[0]).length&&g.RI&&(t=""+g.gm.location.href):e[0]&&e[0].url?t=e[0].url:g.gm?.URL&&e[0]&&e[0]instanceof URL?t=e[0].href:"function"==typeof e[0].toString&&(t=e[0].toString()),"string"==typeof t&&0!==t.length){t&&(this.parsedOrigin=(0,ie.D)(t),this.sameOrigin=this.parsedOrigin.sameOrigin);var i=n.generateTracePayload(this.parsedOrigin);if(i&&(i.newrelicHeader||i.traceContextParentHeader))if(e[0]&&e[0].headers)s(e[0].headers,i)&&(this.dt=i);else{var o={};for(var a in r)o[a]=r[a];o.headers=new Headers(r.headers||{}),s(o.headers,i)&&(this.dt=i),e.length>1?e[1]=o:e.push(o)}}function s(e,t){var r=!1;return t.newrelicHeader&&(e.set("newrelic",t.newrelicHeader),r=!0),t.traceContextParentHeader&&(e.set("traceparent",t.traceContextParentHeader),t.traceContextStateHeader&&e.set("tracestate",t.traceContextStateHeader),r=!0),r}}function y(e,t){this.params={},this.metrics={},this.startTime=(0,S.t)(),this.dt=t,e.length>=1&&(this.target=e[0]),e.length>=2&&(this.opts=e[1]);var r,n=this.opts||{},i=this.target;"string"==typeof i?r=i:"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof le?r=i.url:g.gm?.URL&&"object"==typeof i&&i instanceof URL&&(r=i.href),ge(this,r);var o=(""+(i&&i instanceof le&&i.method||n.method||"GET")).toUpperCase();this.params.method=o,this.body=n.body,this.txSize=G(n.body)||0}function R(e,t){if(this.endTime=(0,S.t)(),this.params||(this.params={}),(0,ce.iW)(this.params))return;let n;this.params.status=t?t.status:0,"string"==typeof this.rxSize&&this.rxSize.length>0&&(n=+this.rxSize);const i={txSize:this.txSize,rxSize:n,duration:(0,S.t)()-this.startTime};r("xhr",[this.params,i,this.startTime,this.endTime,"fetch"],this,a.K7.ajax)}function x(e){const t=this.params,n=this.metrics;if(!this.ended){this.ended=!0;for(let t=0;t<ue;t++)e.removeEventListener(de[t],this.listener,!1);t.aborted||(0,ce.iW)(t)||(n.duration=(0,S.t)()-this.startTime,this.loadCazptureCalled||4!==e.readyState?null==t.status&&(t.status=0):T(this,e),n.cbTime=this.cbTime,r("xhr",[t,n,this.startTime,this.endTime,"xhr"],this,a.K7.ajax))}}function T(e,r){e.params.status=r.status;var n=function(e,t){var r=e.responseType;return"json"===r&&null!==t?t:"arraybuffer"===r||"blob"===r||"json"===r?G(e.response):"text"===r||""===r||void 0===r?G(e.responseText):void 0}(r,e.lastSize);if(n&&(e.metrics.rxSize=n),e.sameOrigin){var i=r.getResponseHeader("X-NewRelic-App-Data");i&&((0,w.p)(O.rs,["Ajax/CrossApplicationTracing/Header/Seen"],void 0,a.K7.metrics,t),e.params.cat=i.split(", ").pop())}e.loadCaptureCalled=!0}t.on("new-xhr",i),t.on("open-xhr-start",o),t.on("open-xhr-end",s),t.on("send-xhr-start",c),t.on("xhr-cb-time",d),t.on("xhr-load-added",u),t.on("xhr-load-removed",l),t.on("xhr-resolved",f),t.on("addEventListener-end",h),t.on("removeEventListener-end",p),t.on("fn-end",v),t.on("fetch-before-start",b),t.on("fetch-start",y),t.on("fn-start",m),t.on("fetch-done",R)}(e,this.ee,this.handler,this.dt),this.importAggregator(e)}}function ge(e,t){var r=(0,ie.D)(t),n=e.params||e;n.hostname=r.hostname,n.port=r.port,n.protocol=r.protocol,n.host=r.hostname+":"+r.port,n.pathname=r.pathname,e.parsedOrigin=r,e.sameOrigin=r.sameOrigin}const pe={},me=["pushState","replaceState"];function ve(e){const t=function(e){return(e||B.ee).get("history")}(e);return!g.RI||pe[t.debugId]++||(pe[t.debugId]=1,(0,W.YM)(t).inPlace(window.history,me,"-")),t}var be=i(3738);const{He:ye,bD:Re,d3:xe,Kp:we,TZ:Te,Lc:Ae,uP:Ee,Rz:Se}=be;class _e extends b{static featureName=Te;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Te,t);if(!(0,m.V)(this.agentIdentifier))return void this.deregisterDrain();const r=this.ee;let n;ve(r),this.eventsEE=(0,F.u)(r),this.eventsEE.on(Ee,(function(e,t){this.bstStart=(0,S.t)()})),this.eventsEE.on(Ae,(function(e,t){(0,w.p)("bst",[e[0],t,this.bstStart,(0,S.t)()],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),r.on(Se+xe,(function(e){this.time=(0,S.t)(),this.startPath=location.pathname+location.hash})),r.on(Se+we,(function(e){(0,w.p)("bstHist",[location.pathname+location.hash,this.startPath,this.time],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)}));try{n=new PerformanceObserver((e=>{const t=e.getEntries();(0,w.p)(ye,[t],void 0,a.K7.sessionTrace,r)})),n.observe({type:Re,buffered:!0})}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(e,{resourceObserver:n})}}var Oe=i(2614);class Ne extends b{static featureName=t.TZ;#i;#o;constructor(e,r=!0){let n;super(e,t.TZ,r),this.replayRunning=!1,this.#o=e;try{n=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem("".concat(Oe.H3,"_").concat(Oe.uh)))}catch(e){}(0,p.SR)(e.agentIdentifier)&&this.ee.on(t.G4.RECORD,(()=>this.#a())),this.#s(n)?(this.#i=n?.sessionReplayMode,this.#c()):this.importAggregator(e),this.ee.on("err",(e=>{this.replayRunning&&(this.errorNoticed=!0,(0,w.p)(t.G4.ERROR_DURING_REPLAY,[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee))})),this.ee.on(t.G4.REPLAY_RUNNING,(e=>{this.replayRunning=e}))}#s(e){return e&&(e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.FULL||e.sessionReplayMode===Oe.g.ERROR)||(0,p.Aw)(this.agentIdentifier)}#d=!1;async#c(e){if(!this.#d){this.#d=!0;try{const{Recorder:t}=await Promise.all([i.e(891),i.e(222)]).then(i.bind(i,8589));this.recorder??=new t({mode:this.#i,agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier,trigger:e,ee:this.ee}),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording}catch(e){}this.importAggregator(this.#o,{recorder:this.recorder,errorNoticed:this.errorNoticed})}}#a(){this.featAggregate?this.featAggregate.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&this.featAggregate.initializeRecording(Oe.g.FULL,!0):(this.#i=Oe.g.FULL,this.#c(t.Qb.API),this.recorder&&this.recorder.parent.mode!==Oe.g.FULL&&(this.recorder.parent.mode=Oe.g.FULL,this.recorder.stopRecording(),this.recorder.startRecording(),this.abortHandler=this.recorder.stopRecording))}}var Ie=i(3333);class Pe extends b{static featureName=Ie.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,Ie.TZ,t);const r=[e.init.page_action.enabled,e.init.performance.capture_marks,e.init.performance.capture_measures,e.init.user_actions.enabled];g.RI&&e.init.user_actions.enabled&&(Ie.Zp.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)),!0))),Ie.qN.forEach((e=>(0,A.sp)(e,(e=>(0,w.p)("ua",[e],void 0,this.featureName,this.ee)))))),r.some((e=>e))?this.importAggregator(e):this.deregisterDrain()}}var je=i(993),Ce=i(3785);class ke extends b{static featureName=je.TZ;constructor(e,t=!0){super(e,je.TZ,t);const r=this.ee;this.ee.on("wrap-logger-end",(function([e]){const{level:t,customAttributes:n}=this;(0,Ce.R)(r,e,n,t)})),this.importAggregator(e)}}new class extends o{constructor(t,r){super(r),g.gm?(this.features={},(0,x.bQ)(this.agentIdentifier,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(R),this.runSoftNavOverSpa=[...this.desiredFeatures].some((e=>e.featureName===a.K7.softNav)),(0,u.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.R)(21)}get config(){return{info:this.info,init:this.init,loader_config:this.loader_config,runtime:this.runtime}}run(){try{const t=d(this.agentIdentifier),r=[...this.desiredFeatures];r.sort(((e,t)=>a.P3[e.featureName]-a.P3[t.featureName])),r.forEach((r=>{if(!t[r.featureName]&&r.featureName!==a.K7.pageViewEvent)return;if(this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.spa)return;if(!this.runSoftNavOverSpa&&r.featureName===a.K7.softNav)return;const n=function(e){switch(e){case a.K7.ajax:return[a.K7.jserrors];case a.K7.sessionTrace:return[a.K7.ajax,a.K7.pageViewEvent];case a.K7.sessionReplay:return[a.K7.sessionTrace];case a.K7.pageViewTiming:return[a.K7.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(r.featureName).filter((e=>!(e in this.features)));n.length>0&&(0,e.R)(36,{targetFeature:r.featureName,missingDependencies:n}),this.features[r.featureName]=new r(this)}))}catch(t){(0,e.R)(22,t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,x.Zm)();delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator;return r.ee.get(this.agentIdentifier).abort(),!1}}}({features:[R,_,_e,Ne,he,N,L,Pe,ke],loaderType:"pro"})})()})();</script> <!-- Use title if it's in the page YAML frontmatter --> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="pingback" href="https://www.thenation.com/xmlrpc.php"/> <link rel="profile" href="http://gmpg.org/xfn/11"> <!-- Fav Icon --> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/ico" href="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/images/favicon.ico?ver=3.0"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="180x180" href="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/images/apple-touch-icon.png?ver=3.0"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="76x76" href="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/images/apple-touch-icon-76x76.png?ver=3.0"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="120x120" href="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/images/apple-touch-icon-120x120.png?ver=3.0"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/images/apple-touch-icon-152x152.png?ver=3.0"> <meta property="fb:pages" content="7629206115"/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="711914725636301"/> <meta name='robots' content='max-image-preview:large' /> <!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v15.8.2 - https://yoast.com/wordpress/plugins/seo/ --> <title>Q&amp;A | The Nation</title> <meta name="description" content="Q&amp;A news and analysis from The Nation." /> <meta name="robots" content="index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" /> <link rel="next" href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/page/2/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="website" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Q&amp;A" /> <meta property="og:description" content="Q&amp;A news and analysis from The Nation." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="The Nation" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:description" content="Q&amp;A news and analysis from The Nation." /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@TheNation" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.thenation.com/#website","url":"https://www.thenation.com/","name":"The Nation","description":"The Nation Magazine","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":"https://www.thenation.com/?s={search_term_string}","query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"CollectionPage","@id":"https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/#webpage","url":"https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/","name":"Q&amp;A | The Nation","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.thenation.com/#website"},"breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.thenation.com/","url":"https://www.thenation.com/","name":"Home"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/","url":"https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/","name":"Q&amp;A"}}]}]}</script> <!-- / Yoast SEO Premium plugin. --> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.thenation.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.google.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="The Nation &raquo; Feed" href="https://www.thenation.com/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="The Nation &raquo; Comments Feed" href="https://www.thenation.com/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="The Nation &raquo; Q&amp;A Admin-Taxonomy Feed" href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/feed/" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='dashicons-css' href='https://www.thenation.com/wp-includes/css/dashicons.min.css?ver=6.6.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='thickbox-css' href='https://www.thenation.com/wp-includes/js/thickbox/thickbox.css?ver=6.6.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bxslider-css' href='https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/stylesheets/jquery.bxslider.css?ver=1' media='all' /> <style id='wp-emoji-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> img.wp-smiley, img.emoji { display: inline !important; border: none !important; box-shadow: none !important; height: 1em !important; width: 1em !important; margin: 0 0.07em !important; vertical-align: -0.1em !important; background: none !important; padding: 0 !important; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.thenation.com/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.2' media='all' /> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--nationred: #E8192B;--wp--preset--color--gray: #666666;--wp--preset--color--lightgray: #E3DED8;--wp--preset--color--pink: #FFF1F1;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: 640px;--wp--style--global--wide-size: 864px; }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body{padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){text-decoration: underline;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-nationred-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--nationred) !important;}.has-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--gray) !important;}.has-lightgray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--lightgray) !important;}.has-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pink) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-nationred-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--nationred) !important;}.has-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--gray) !important;}.has-lightgray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--lightgray) !important;}.has-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pink) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-nationred-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--nationred) !important;}.has-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--gray) !important;}.has-lightgray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--lightgray) !important;}.has-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pink) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='paranum-style-css' href='https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/plugins/paranum/paranum.css?ver=6.6.2' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='the-nation-index-css' href='https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/plugins/the-nation-2023/build/index.css?ver=4da6ed083c1147a25c44' media='screen, print' /> <script type="text/javascript"> const scrollbarWidth = window.innerWidth - document.documentElement.clientWidth; document.documentElement.style.setProperty('--client-width-js', `${document.documentElement.clientWidth}px`); document.documentElement.style.setProperty('--scrollbar-width-js', `${scrollbarWidth}px`); </script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/plugins/tn-customeditor//tinymce-dropcap.js?ver=6.6.2" id="tn_tinymce_script-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/prebid4.5.0.js" id="thenation-prebid-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/history.js?ver=6.6.2" id="history-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="srcmnt-ajax-request-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var SafeCommentsAjax = {"ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/plugins/safe-report-comments/js/ajax.js?ver=6.6.2" id="srcmnt-ajax-request-js"></script> <meta name="generator" content="WordPress 6.6.2" /> <meta property="fb:pages" content="7629206115" /> <meta property="ia:markup_url" content="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/bernie-sanders-working-class-candidates-challenge-both-parties/?ia_markup=1" /> <script> function getQueryParams(qs) { qs = qs.split("+").join(" "); var params = {}, tokens, re = /[?&]?([^=]+)=([^&]*)/g; while (tokens = re.exec(qs)) { params[decodeURIComponent(tokens[1])] = decodeURIComponent(tokens[2]); } return params; } function getCookie(cname) { let name = cname + "="; let decodedCookie = decodeURIComponent(document.cookie); let ca = decodedCookie.split(';'); for(let i = 0; i <ca.length; i++) { let c = ca[i]; while (c.charAt(0) == ' ') { c = c.substring(1); } if (c.indexOf(name) == 0) { return c.substring(name.length, c.length); } } return ""; } var query_params = getQueryParams(document.location.search); //console.log(query_params); var utmSource = query_params["utm_source"]; var utmMedium = query_params["utm_medium"]; if(utmSource == "facebook" && utmMedium == "lead"){ var date = new Date(); var exp = date.setDate(date.getDate() + 1); document.cookie = "_pc_utmfacebooklead=true; expires="+exp+"; path=/"; } else{ var myCookie = getCookie("_pc_utmfacebooklead"); if(myCookie != null){ document.cookie = "_pc_utmfacebooklead=; expires='-1'; path=/"; } } </script> <script> var articlereadbyUser = 0; var pageCounterPaywall = 0; var checknc = getCookie('SESSchecknc'); var currentUrl = document.URL; function getCookie(name){ var re = new RegExp(name + "=([^;]+)"); var value = re.exec(document.cookie); return (value != null) ? unescape(value[1]) : null; } var Base64={_keyStr:"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/=",encode:function(e){var t="";var n,r,i,s,o,u,a;var f=0;e=Base64._utf8_encode(e);while(f<e.length){n=e.charCodeAt(f++);r=e.charCodeAt(f++);i=e.charCodeAt(f++);s=n>>2;o=(n&3)<<4|r>>4;u=(r&15)<<2|i>>6;a=i&63;if(isNaN(r)){u=a=64}else if(isNaN(i)){a=64}t=t+this._keyStr.charAt(s)+this._keyStr.charAt(o)+this._keyStr.charAt(u)+this._keyStr.charAt(a)}return t},decode:function(e){var t="";var n,r,i;var s,o,u,a;var f=0;e=e.replace(/[^A-Za-z0-9+/=]/g,"");while(f<e.length){s=this._keyStr.indexOf(e.charAt(f++));o=this._keyStr.indexOf(e.charAt(f++));u=this._keyStr.indexOf(e.charAt(f++));a=this._keyStr.indexOf(e.charAt(f++));n=s<<2|o>>4;r=(o&15)<<4|u>>2;i=(u&3)<<6|a;t=t+String.fromCharCode(n);if(u!=64){t=t+String.fromCharCode(r)}if(a!=64){t=t+String.fromCharCode(i)}}t=Base64._utf8_decode(t);return t},_utf8_encode:function(e){e=e.replace(/rn/g,"n");var t="";for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++){var r=e.charCodeAt(n);if(r<128){t+=String.fromCharCode(r)}else if(r>127&&r<2048){t+=String.fromCharCode(r>>6|192);t+=String.fromCharCode(r&63|128)}else{t+=String.fromCharCode(r>>12|224);t+=String.fromCharCode(r>>6&63|128);t+=String.fromCharCode(r&63|128)}}return t},_utf8_decode:function(e){var t="";var n=0;var r=c1=c2=0;while(n<e.length){r=e.charCodeAt(n);if(r<128){t+=String.fromCharCode(r);n++}else if(r>191&&r<224){c2=e.charCodeAt(n+1);t+=String.fromCharCode((r&31)<<6|c2&63);n+=2}else{c2=e.charCodeAt(n+1);c3=e.charCodeAt(n+2);t+=String.fromCharCode((r&15)<<12|(c2&63)<<6|c3&63);n+=3}}return t}}; var global_vars = {site_url:'https://www.thenation.com',login_text:'Log In',login_url:'https://www.thenation.com/login/',admin_link:'https://www.thenation.com/wp-admin/', dash_link: 'https://www.thenation.com/dashboard'}; var user_name_cookie = getCookie('SESSname'); var admin_name_cookie = getCookie('SESSadminname'); var is_admin_cookie = getCookie('is_admin'); if (is_admin_cookie == "true") { var check_user_logged_in = 1; } else { var check_user_logged_in = user_name_cookie; } //Piano tp = window["tp"] || []; //Reengagement Days left custom variable send to Piano `daysRemaining` var re5days = getCookie("re5days"); if(re5days != null){ var date = new Date(re5days+""); var now = new Date(); const diffTime = Math.abs(date - now); const diffDays = Math.ceil(diffTime / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24)); console.log("diff days = "+diffDays); tp.push(['setCustomVariable', 'daysRemaining',diffDays]); } // Execute when the page is first loaded if(check_user_logged_in != null){ var check_user_info = getCookie('SESSuserinfo'); if (check_user_info != null) { check_user_info = Base64.decode(check_user_info); check_user_info = JSON.parse(check_user_info); var user_roles = check_user_info.roles; if (user_roles.includes('subscriber') && null == getCookie('SESSsus_user')) { tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "userType", "Subscriber"]); tp.push(['setCustomVariable', 'omeda_eid', check_user_info.enc_custno]); } if (user_roles.includes('nation_user') && null == getCookie('SESSexpireduser')) { tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "userType", "nation_user"]); } if ((user_roles.includes('subscriber') || user_roles.includes('nation_user')) && null != getCookie('SESSsus_user')) { tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "userType", "suspended_user"]); tp.push(['setCustomVariable', 'userLogin', check_user_info.user_login]); tp.push(['setCustomVariable', 'userZip', check_user_info.zip]); // console.log("zip"+check_user_info.zip); // console.log("login"+check_user_info.user_login); // console.log("suspended_user var pushed"); } if (user_roles.includes('nation_user') && null != getCookie('SESSexpireduser')) { tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "userType", "expired_user"]); tp.push(['setCustomVariable', 'omeda_eid', check_user_info.enc_custno]); } if (user_roles.includes('nation_user') && null != getCookie('SESSfree_user')) { tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "userType", "free_user"]); } if (user_roles.includes('staff_subscriber') && null != getCookie('SESSstaff_sub_user')) { tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "userType", "staff_subscriber"]); } if (user_roles.includes('premium_subscriber')) { tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "userType", "premium_subscriber"]); } } else { tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "userType", "cms_user"]); } }else{ tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "userType", "Anonymous"]); } /* Pass If Request From Maz or from cxensebot from piano*/ if (navigator.userAgent.indexOf("MAZBot") > -1 || navigator.userAgent.toLowerCase().indexOf('cxensebot') > -1) { tp.push(["setCustomVariable", "mazbot", "true"]); } /* Pass If Request From Maz or from cxensebot from piano*/ /* Piano cust variable true/false for book_and_arts article */ tp.push(["setContentSection", "site-default"]); if(check_user_logged_in != null){ if(currentUrl.indexOf("/login/") > -1 && currentUrl.indexOf("reader_id=") == -1){ window.location = document.location.origin; } } if( check_user_logged_in==null ){ if(currentUrl.indexOf("/author-taxonomy/nation-voice/") > -1){ window.location = document.location.origin; } } if(checknc!=null){ if(currentUrl.indexOf("?nc=1") == -1){ if(currentUrl.indexOf("?") == -1){ window.location.href = currentUrl+"?nc=1"; }else{ if(currentUrl.indexOf("&nc=1") == -1){ window.location.href = currentUrl+"&nc=1"; } } } } </script> <script>var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime();</script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-54LKCF3');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!-- Invisibly Pixel Code --> <!-- Invisibly Pixel Code --> <!--Freestar--> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://a.pub.network/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://b.pub.network/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://c.pub.network/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://d.pub.network/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://c.amazon-adsystem.com" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://s.amazon-adsystem.com" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://btloader.com/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://api.btloader.com/" crossorigin /> <link rel="preconnect" href="https://confiant-integrations.global.ssl.fastly.net" crossorigin /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://a.pub.network/core/pubfig/cls.css"> <!-- PLACE THIS SCRIPT INSIDE OF YOUR HEAD TAGS BEFORE YOUR PUBFIG.MIN.JS SCRIPT --> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript"> (()=>{"use strict";var t={455:(t,e,n)=>{n.d(e,{Z:()=>c});var r=n(81),o=n.n(r),i=n(645),a=n.n(i)()(o());a.push([t.id,'div._82u8vq{position:fixed;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%;background:rgba(0,0,0,.4);z-index:999999}div._82u8vq *{box-sizing:border-box}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g{position:fixed;top:50%;left:50%;transform:translate(-50%, -50%);display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:flex-start;min-height:25vh;width:50%;background-color:#fff;border:none;border-radius:1em;box-shadow:0 0 10px rgba(0,0,0,.3);text-align:center;font-size:13px;font-family:Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif;font-weight:bold;line-height:2;color:#000}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g *:before,div._82u8vq div.onnj2g *:after{content:"";display:none}@media screen and (max-width: 479px){div._82u8vq div.onnj2g{font-size:13px;width:90%}}@media screen and (min-width: 480px){div._82u8vq div.onnj2g{font-size:14px;width:80%}}@media screen and (min-width: 608px){div._82u8vq div.onnj2g{font-size:14px;width:70%}}@media screen and (min-width: 960px){div._82u8vq div.onnj2g{font-size:16px;width:70%}}@media screen and (min-width: 1200px){div._82u8vq div.onnj2g{font-size:16px;width:840px}}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g header{width:100%;background-color:rgba(0,0,0,0);border:0;color:inherit;display:block;font-size:1em;font-family:inherit;letter-spacing:normal;margin:0;opacity:1;outline:none;padding:1em 2em;position:static;text-align:center}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g header img{display:inline;margin:0 0 16px 0;padding:0;max-width:240px;max-height:60px}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g header h2{display:block;line-height:1.3;padding:0;font-family:inherit;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:initial;text-align:center;font-size:1.75em;margin:0;color:inherit}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g header h2:not(img+*){margin-top:30px}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g header span._18hdrla{position:absolute;top:0;right:15px;font-size:2em;font-weight:normal;cursor:pointer;color:inherit}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g header span._18hdrla:hover{filter:brightness(115%)}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section{width:100%;margin:0;padding:1em 2em;text-align:center;font-family:inherit;color:inherit;background:rgba(0,0,0,0)}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section p{display:block;margin:0 0 1em 0;line-height:1.5;text-align:center;font-size:1em;font-family:inherit;color:inherit;overflow-wrap:break-word;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:initial}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section p:last-of-type{margin:0 0 1.5em 0}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section._1myx4a0{display:block}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section._1myx4a0._18mgeh5{display:none}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section._1myx4a0 a._1ajq4u1.q1a6v7{color:var(--q1a6v7)}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section._1myx4a0 a._1ajq4u1.d8c6ui{text-decoration:var(--d8c6ui)}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section._1myx4a0 a._1ajq4u1._1bva2lo:visited{color:var(--_1bva2lo)}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section._1myx4a0 div.qcqk63{display:block;margin:.75em;padding:0}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section._1myx4a0 div.qcqk63 p._1jy32sx{max-width:80%;margin:0 auto;padding:0;font-size:.85em;color:inherit;font-style:normal;font-weight:normal;cursor:pointer}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi{display:block}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi._18mgeh5{display:none}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi h4.vza2sa{color:inherit;text-align:initial;font-weight:normal;font-family:inherit;font-size:1.125em;margin:0 0 .5em .5em}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr{display:flex;margin:1.5em 0}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr ul._12y6q83{max-height:300px;flex:2;list-style:none;overflow-y:auto;margin:0 1em 0 0;padding-inline-start:0}@media screen and (min-width: 608px){div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr ul._12y6q83{flex:1;margin:0 2em 0 0}}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr ul._12y6q83 li{padding:.75em;cursor:pointer;background:rgba(0,0,0,.05);font-weight:bold}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr ul._12y6q83 li:hover{background:rgba(0,0,0,.075)}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr ul._12y6q83 li._2tqkhw{color:var(--_1s2p24r);background:var(--_1u8b67d)}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr div._10v9zkx{max-height:300px;overflow-y:auto;flex:3;display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:space-between;text-align:initial}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr div._10v9zkx ol._1dz8w0r{display:none;list-style-type:decimal;text-align:initial;padding:0;margin:0 2em;font-weight:normal}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr div._10v9zkx ol._1dz8w0r._2tqkhw{display:block}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi div._1n8syyr div._10v9zkx p{margin:1em 0 0;text-align:inherit;font-style:italic}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g section.mjmqhi button.te00wf{font-size:1em;text-transform:initial}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g button._16i61up{width:auto;height:auto;max-width:90%;cursor:pointer;display:inline-block;letter-spacing:normal;margin:.75em;opacity:1;outline:none;overflow-wrap:break-word;font-family:inherit;font-weight:normal;font-style:normal;text-decoration:initial;text-transform:uppercase;text-align:center;color:#fff;font-size:1.15em;padding:.75em 2em;padding-inline:2em;padding-block:.75em;line-height:normal;background:#40c28a;border:none;border-radius:.25em;box-shadow:none}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g button._16i61up:hover{filter:brightness(115%);box-shadow:none}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g a._1o9k1ce{height:50px;width:50px;position:absolute;bottom:5px;right:5px}div._82u8vq div.onnj2g a._1o9k1ce img{position:initial;height:100%;width:100%;filter:drop-shadow(1px 1px 1px var(--_16xxoaz))}',""]);const c=a},645:t=>{t.exports=function(t){var e=[];return e.toString=function(){return this.map((function(e){var n="",r=void 0!==e[5];return e[4]&&(n+="@supports (".concat(e[4],") {")),e[2]&&(n+="@media ".concat(e[2]," {")),r&&(n+="@layer".concat(e[5].length>0?" ".concat(e[5]):""," {")),n+=t(e),r&&(n+="}"),e[2]&&(n+="}"),e[4]&&(n+="}"),n})).join("")},e.i=function(t,n,r,o,i){"string"==typeof t&&(t=[[null,t,void 0]]);var a={};if(r)for(var c=0;c<this.length;c++){var s=this[c][0];null!=s&&(a[s]=!0)}for(var u=0;u<t.length;u++){var l=[].concat(t[u]);r&&a[l[0]]||(void 0!==i&&(void 0===l[5]||(l[1]="@layer".concat(l[5].length>0?" ".concat(l[5]):""," {").concat(l[1],"}")),l[5]=i),n&&(l[2]?(l[1]="@media ".concat(l[2]," {").concat(l[1],"}"),l[2]=n):l[2]=n),o&&(l[4]?(l[1]="@supports (".concat(l[4],") {").concat(l[1],"}"),l[4]=o):l[4]="".concat(o)),e.push(l))}},e}},81:t=>{t.exports=function(t){return t[1]}},379:t=>{var e=[];function n(t){for(var n=-1,r=0;r<e.length;r++)if(e[r].identifier===t){n=r;break}return n}function r(t,r){for(var i={},a=[],c=0;c<t.length;c++){var s=t[c],u=r.base?s[0]+r.base:s[0],l=i[u]||0,d="".concat(u," ").concat(l);i[u]=l+1;var f=n(d),h={css:s[1],media:s[2],sourceMap:s[3],supports:s[4],layer:s[5]};if(-1!==f)e[f].references++,e[f].updater(h);else{var v=o(h,r);r.byIndex=c,e.splice(c,0,{identifier:d,updater:v,references:1})}a.push(d)}return a}function o(t,e){var n=e.domAPI(e);n.update(t);return function(e){if(e){if(e.css===t.css&&e.media===t.media&&e.sourceMap===t.sourceMap&&e.supports===t.supports&&e.layer===t.layer)return;n.update(t=e)}else n.remove()}}t.exports=function(t,o){var i=r(t=t||[],o=o||{});return function(t){t=t||[];for(var a=0;a<i.length;a++){var c=n(i[a]);e[c].references--}for(var s=r(t,o),u=0;u<i.length;u++){var l=n(i[u]);0===e[l].references&&(e[l].updater(),e.splice(l,1))}i=s}}},569:t=>{var e={};t.exports=function(t,n){var r=function(t){if(void 0===e[t]){var n=document.querySelector(t);if(window.HTMLIFrameElement&&n instanceof window.HTMLIFrameElement)try{n=n.contentDocument.head}catch(t){n=null}e[t]=n}return e[t]}(t);if(!r)throw new Error("Couldn't find a style target. This probably means that the value for the 'insert' parameter is invalid.");r.appendChild(n)}},216:t=>{t.exports=function(t){var e=document.createElement("style");return t.setAttributes(e,t.attributes),t.insert(e,t.options),e}},565:(t,e,n)=>{t.exports=function(t){var e=n.nc;e&&t.setAttribute("nonce",e)}},795:t=>{t.exports=function(t){if("undefined"==typeof document)return{update:function(){},remove:function(){}};var e=t.insertStyleElement(t);return{update:function(n){!function(t,e,n){var r="";n.supports&&(r+="@supports (".concat(n.supports,") {")),n.media&&(r+="@media ".concat(n.media," {"));var o=void 0!==n.layer;o&&(r+="@layer".concat(n.layer.length>0?" ".concat(n.layer):""," {")),r+=n.css,o&&(r+="}"),n.media&&(r+="}"),n.supports&&(r+="}");var i=n.sourceMap;i&&"undefined"!=typeof btoa&&(r+="\n/*# sourceMappingURL=data:application/json;base64,".concat(btoa(unescape(encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(i))))," */")),e.styleTagTransform(r,t,e.options)}(e,t,n)},remove:function(){!function(t){if(null===t.parentNode)return!1;t.parentNode.removeChild(t)}(e)}}}},589:t=>{t.exports=function(t,e){if(e.styleSheet)e.styleSheet.cssText=t;else{for(;e.firstChild;)e.removeChild(e.firstChild);e.appendChild(document.createTextNode(t))}}}},e={};function n(r){var o=e[r];if(void 0!==o)return o.exports;var i=e[r]={id:r,exports:{}};return t[r](i,i.exports,n),i.exports}n.n=t=>{var e=t&&t.__esModule?()=>t.default:()=>t;return n.d(e,{a:e}),e},n.d=(t,e)=>{for(var r in e)n.o(e,r)&&!n.o(t,r)&&Object.defineProperty(t,r,{enumerable:!0,get:e[r]})},n.o=(t,e)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(t,e),n.nc=void 0,(()=>{const t={randomUUID:"undefined"!=typeof crypto&&crypto.randomUUID&&crypto.randomUUID.bind(crypto)};let e;const r=new Uint8Array(16);function o(){if(!e&&(e="undefined"!=typeof crypto&&crypto.getRandomValues&&crypto.getRandomValues.bind(crypto),!e))throw new Error("crypto.getRandomValues() not supported. See https://github.com/uuidjs/uuid#getrandomvalues-not-supported");return e(r)}const i=[];for(let t=0;t<256;++t)i.push((t+256).toString(16).slice(1));function a(t,e=0){return(i[t[e+0]]+i[t[e+1]]+i[t[e+2]]+i[t[e+3]]+"-"+i[t[e+4]]+i[t[e+5]]+"-"+i[t[e+6]]+i[t[e+7]]+"-"+i[t[e+8]]+i[t[e+9]]+"-"+i[t[e+10]]+i[t[e+11]]+i[t[e+12]]+i[t[e+13]]+i[t[e+14]]+i[t[e+15]]).toLowerCase()}const c=function(e,n,r){if(t.randomUUID&&!n&&!e)return t.randomUUID();const i=(e=e||{}).random||(e.rng||o)();if(i[6]=15&i[6]|64,i[8]=63&i[8]|128,n){r=r||0;for(let t=0;t<16;++t)n[r+t]=i[t];return n}return a(i)};var s=n(379),u=n.n(s),l=n(795),d=n.n(l),f=n(569),h=n.n(f),v=n(565),p=n.n(v),m=n(216),y=n.n(m),g=n(589),w=n.n(g),b=n(455),x={};x.styleTagTransform=w(),x.setAttributes=p(),x.insert=h().bind(null,"head"),x.domAPI=d(),x.insertStyleElement=y();u()(b.Z,x);b.Z&&b.Z.locals&&b.Z.locals;function k(t){return k="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(t){return typeof t}:function(t){return t&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&t.constructor===Symbol&&t!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof t},k(t)}function L(){L=function(){return e};var t,e={},n=Object.prototype,r=n.hasOwnProperty,o=Object.defineProperty||function(t,e,n){t[e]=n.value},i="function"==typeof Symbol?Symbol:{},a=i.iterator||"@@iterator",c=i.asyncIterator||"@@asyncIterator",s=i.toStringTag||"@@toStringTag";function u(t,e,n){return Object.defineProperty(t,e,{value:n,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}),t[e]}try{u({},"")}catch(t){u=function(t,e,n){return t[e]=n}}function l(t,e,n,r){var i=e&&e.prototype instanceof y?e:y,a=Object.create(i.prototype),c=new Y(r||[]);return o(a,"_invoke",{value:A(t,n,c)}),a}function d(t,e,n){try{return{type:"normal",arg:t.call(e,n)}}catch(t){return{type:"throw",arg:t}}}e.wrap=l;var f="suspendedStart",h="suspendedYield",v="executing",p="completed",m={};function y(){}function g(){}function w(){}var b={};u(b,a,(function(){return this}));var x=Object.getPrototypeOf,j=x&&x(x(T([])));j&&j!==n&&r.call(j,a)&&(b=j);var E=w.prototype=y.prototype=Object.create(b);function C(t){["next","throw","return"].forEach((function(e){u(t,e,(function(t){return this._invoke(e,t)}))}))}function S(t,e){function n(o,i,a,c){var s=d(t[o],t,i);if("throw"!==s.type){var u=s.arg,l=u.value;return l&&"object"==k(l)&&r.call(l,"__await")?e.resolve(l.__await).then((function(t){n("next",t,a,c)}),(function(t){n("throw",t,a,c)})):e.resolve(l).then((function(t){u.value=t,a(u)}),(function(t){return n("throw",t,a,c)}))}c(s.arg)}var i;o(this,"_invoke",{value:function(t,r){function o(){return new e((function(e,o){n(t,r,e,o)}))}return i=i?i.then(o,o):o()}})}function A(e,n,r){var o=f;return function(i,a){if(o===v)throw new Error("Generator is already running");if(o===p){if("throw"===i)throw a;return{value:t,done:!0}}for(r.method=i,r.arg=a;;){var c=r.delegate;if(c){var s=I(c,r);if(s){if(s===m)continue;return s}}if("next"===r.method)r.sent=r._sent=r.arg;else if("throw"===r.method){if(o===f)throw o=p,r.arg;r.dispatchException(r.arg)}else"return"===r.method&&r.abrupt("return",r.arg);o=v;var u=d(e,n,r);if("normal"===u.type){if(o=r.done?p:h,u.arg===m)continue;return{value:u.arg,done:r.done}}"throw"===u.type&&(o=p,r.method="throw",r.arg=u.arg)}}}function I(e,n){var r=n.method,o=e.iterator[r];if(o===t)return n.delegate=null,"throw"===r&&e.iterator.return&&(n.method="return",n.arg=t,I(e,n),"throw"===n.method)||"return"!==r&&(n.method="throw",n.arg=new TypeError("The iterator does not provide a '"+r+"' method")),m;var i=d(o,e.iterator,n.arg);if("throw"===i.type)return n.method="throw",n.arg=i.arg,n.delegate=null,m;var a=i.arg;return a?a.done?(n[e.resultName]=a.value,n.next=e.nextLoc,"return"!==n.method&&(n.method="next",n.arg=t),n.delegate=null,m):a:(n.method="throw",n.arg=new TypeError("iterator result is not an object"),n.delegate=null,m)}function q(t){var e={tryLoc:t[0]};1 in t&&(e.catchLoc=t[1]),2 in t&&(e.finallyLoc=t[2],e.afterLoc=t[3]),this.tryEntries.push(e)}function P(t){var e=t.completion||{};e.type="normal",delete e.arg,t.completion=e}function Y(t){this.tryEntries=[{tryLoc:"root"}],t.forEach(q,this),this.reset(!0)}function T(e){if(e||""===e){var n=e[a];if(n)return n.call(e);if("function"==typeof e.next)return e;if(!isNaN(e.length)){var o=-1,i=function n(){for(;++o<e.length;)if(r.call(e,o))return n.value=e[o],n.done=!1,n;return n.value=t,n.done=!0,n};return i.next=i}}throw new TypeError(k(e)+" is not iterable")}return g.prototype=w,o(E,"constructor",{value:w,configurable:!0}),o(w,"constructor",{value:g,configurable:!0}),g.displayName=u(w,s,"GeneratorFunction"),e.isGeneratorFunction=function(t){var e="function"==typeof t&&t.constructor;return!!e&&(e===g||"GeneratorFunction"===(e.displayName||e.name))},e.mark=function(t){return Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.setPrototypeOf(t,w):(t.__proto__=w,u(t,s,"GeneratorFunction")),t.prototype=Object.create(E),t},e.awrap=function(t){return{__await:t}},C(S.prototype),u(S.prototype,c,(function(){return this})),e.AsyncIterator=S,e.async=function(t,n,r,o,i){void 0===i&&(i=Promise);var a=new S(l(t,n,r,o),i);return e.isGeneratorFunction(n)?a:a.next().then((function(t){return t.done?t.value:a.next()}))},C(E),u(E,s,"Generator"),u(E,a,(function(){return this})),u(E,"toString",(function(){return"[object Generator]"})),e.keys=function(t){var e=Object(t),n=[];for(var r in e)n.push(r);return n.reverse(),function t(){for(;n.length;){var r=n.pop();if(r in e)return t.value=r,t.done=!1,t}return t.done=!0,t}},e.values=T,Y.prototype={constructor:Y,reset:function(e){if(this.prev=0,this.next=0,this.sent=this._sent=t,this.done=!1,this.delegate=null,this.method="next",this.arg=t,this.tryEntries.forEach(P),!e)for(var n in this)"t"===n.charAt(0)&&r.call(this,n)&&!isNaN(+n.slice(1))&&(this[n]=t)},stop:function(){this.done=!0;var t=this.tryEntries[0].completion;if("throw"===t.type)throw t.arg;return this.rval},dispatchException:function(e){if(this.done)throw e;var n=this;function o(r,o){return c.type="throw",c.arg=e,n.next=r,o&&(n.method="next",n.arg=t),!!o}for(var i=this.tryEntries.length-1;i>=0;--i){var a=this.tryEntries[i],c=a.completion;if("root"===a.tryLoc)return o("end");if(a.tryLoc<=this.prev){var s=r.call(a,"catchLoc"),u=r.call(a,"finallyLoc");if(s&&u){if(this.prev<a.catchLoc)return o(a.catchLoc,!0);if(this.prev<a.finallyLoc)return o(a.finallyLoc)}else if(s){if(this.prev<a.catchLoc)return o(a.catchLoc,!0)}else{if(!u)throw new Error("try statement without catch or finally");if(this.prev<a.finallyLoc)return o(a.finallyLoc)}}}},abrupt:function(t,e){for(var n=this.tryEntries.length-1;n>=0;--n){var o=this.tryEntries[n];if(o.tryLoc<=this.prev&&r.call(o,"finallyLoc")&&this.prev<o.finallyLoc){var i=o;break}}i&&("break"===t||"continue"===t)&&i.tryLoc<=e&&e<=i.finallyLoc&&(i=null);var a=i?i.completion:{};return a.type=t,a.arg=e,i?(this.method="next",this.next=i.finallyLoc,m):this.complete(a)},complete:function(t,e){if("throw"===t.type)throw t.arg;return"break"===t.type||"continue"===t.type?this.next=t.arg:"return"===t.type?(this.rval=this.arg=t.arg,this.method="return",this.next="end"):"normal"===t.type&&e&&(this.next=e),m},finish:function(t){for(var e=this.tryEntries.length-1;e>=0;--e){var n=this.tryEntries[e];if(n.finallyLoc===t)return this.complete(n.completion,n.afterLoc),P(n),m}},catch:function(t){for(var e=this.tryEntries.length-1;e>=0;--e){var n=this.tryEntries[e];if(n.tryLoc===t){var r=n.completion;if("throw"===r.type){var o=r.arg;P(n)}return o}}throw new Error("illegal catch attempt")},delegateYield:function(e,n,r){return this.delegate={iterator:T(e),resultName:n,nextLoc:r},"next"===this.method&&(this.arg=t),m}},e}function j(t,e,n,r,o,i,a){try{var c=t[i](a),s=c.value}catch(t){return void n(t)}c.done?e(s):Promise.resolve(s).then(r,o)}var E="ZnMtYWRiLWVycg",C=function(){var t,e=(t=L().mark((function t(){var e,n,r,o,i;return L().wrap((function(t){for(;;)switch(t.prev=t.next){case 0:if(document.body){t.next=3;break}return t.next=3,new Promise((function(t){return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",t)}));case 3:for(e=["YWQ=","YmFubmVyLWFk","YmFubmVyX2Fk","YmFubmVyLWFkLWNvbnRhaW5lcg==","YWQtc2lkZXJhaWw=","c3RpY2t5YWRz","aW1wcnRudC1jbnQ="],(n=document.createElement("div")).textContent=Math.random().toString(),n.setAttribute(atob("ZGF0YS1mcmVlc3Rhci1hZA=="),"123"),r=0;r<e.length;r++)n.classList.add(atob(e[r]));if(n.style.display="block",document.body.appendChild(n),o=window.getComputedStyle(n),i=null==o?void 0:o.display,n.remove(),"none"!==i){t.next=15;break}throw new Error(E);case 15:case"end":return t.stop()}}),t)})),function(){var e=this,n=arguments;return new Promise((function(r,o){var i=t.apply(e,n);function a(t){j(i,r,o,a,c,"next",t)}function c(t){j(i,r,o,a,c,"throw",t)}a(void 0)}))});return function(){return e.apply(this,arguments)}}(),S=function(t){return new Promise((function(e,n){var r=document.createElement("script");try{r.src=t,r.addEventListener("load",(function(){e()})),r.addEventListener("error",(function(){n(E)})),document.head.appendChild(r)}catch(t){n(t)}finally{r.remove()}}))};function A(t){return A="function"==typeof Symbol&&"symbol"==typeof Symbol.iterator?function(t){return typeof t}:function(t){return t&&"function"==typeof Symbol&&t.constructor===Symbol&&t!==Symbol.prototype?"symbol":typeof t},A(t)}function I(){I=function(){return e};var t,e={},n=Object.prototype,r=n.hasOwnProperty,o=Object.defineProperty||function(t,e,n){t[e]=n.value},i="function"==typeof Symbol?Symbol:{},a=i.iterator||"@@iterator",c=i.asyncIterator||"@@asyncIterator",s=i.toStringTag||"@@toStringTag";function u(t,e,n){return Object.defineProperty(t,e,{value:n,enumerable:!0,configurable:!0,writable:!0}),t[e]}try{u({},"")}catch(t){u=function(t,e,n){return t[e]=n}}function l(t,e,n,r){var i=e&&e.prototype instanceof y?e:y,a=Object.create(i.prototype),c=new Y(r||[]);return o(a,"_invoke",{value:C(t,n,c)}),a}function d(t,e,n){try{return{type:"normal",arg:t.call(e,n)}}catch(t){return{type:"throw",arg:t}}}e.wrap=l;var f="suspendedStart",h="suspendedYield",v="executing",p="completed",m={};function y(){}function g(){}function w(){}var b={};u(b,a,(function(){return this}));var x=Object.getPrototypeOf,k=x&&x(x(T([])));k&&k!==n&&r.call(k,a)&&(b=k);var L=w.prototype=y.prototype=Object.create(b);function j(t){["next","throw","return"].forEach((function(e){u(t,e,(function(t){return this._invoke(e,t)}))}))}function E(t,e){function n(o,i,a,c){var s=d(t[o],t,i);if("throw"!==s.type){var u=s.arg,l=u.value;return l&&"object"==A(l)&&r.call(l,"__await")?e.resolve(l.__await).then((function(t){n("next",t,a,c)}),(function(t){n("throw",t,a,c)})):e.resolve(l).then((function(t){u.value=t,a(u)}),(function(t){return n("throw",t,a,c)}))}c(s.arg)}var i;o(this,"_invoke",{value:function(t,r){function o(){return new e((function(e,o){n(t,r,e,o)}))}return i=i?i.then(o,o):o()}})}function C(e,n,r){var o=f;return function(i,a){if(o===v)throw new Error("Generator is already running");if(o===p){if("throw"===i)throw a;return{value:t,done:!0}}for(r.method=i,r.arg=a;;){var c=r.delegate;if(c){var s=S(c,r);if(s){if(s===m)continue;return s}}if("next"===r.method)r.sent=r._sent=r.arg;else if("throw"===r.method){if(o===f)throw o=p,r.arg;r.dispatchException(r.arg)}else"return"===r.method&&r.abrupt("return",r.arg);o=v;var u=d(e,n,r);if("normal"===u.type){if(o=r.done?p:h,u.arg===m)continue;return{value:u.arg,done:r.done}}"throw"===u.type&&(o=p,r.method="throw",r.arg=u.arg)}}}function S(e,n){var r=n.method,o=e.iterator[r];if(o===t)return n.delegate=null,"throw"===r&&e.iterator.return&&(n.method="return",n.arg=t,S(e,n),"throw"===n.method)||"return"!==r&&(n.method="throw",n.arg=new TypeError("The iterator does not provide a '"+r+"' method")),m;var i=d(o,e.iterator,n.arg);if("throw"===i.type)return n.method="throw",n.arg=i.arg,n.delegate=null,m;var a=i.arg;return a?a.done?(n[e.resultName]=a.value,n.next=e.nextLoc,"return"!==n.method&&(n.method="next",n.arg=t),n.delegate=null,m):a:(n.method="throw",n.arg=new TypeError("iterator result is not an object"),n.delegate=null,m)}function q(t){var e={tryLoc:t[0]};1 in t&&(e.catchLoc=t[1]),2 in t&&(e.finallyLoc=t[2],e.afterLoc=t[3]),this.tryEntries.push(e)}function P(t){var e=t.completion||{};e.type="normal",delete e.arg,t.completion=e}function Y(t){this.tryEntries=[{tryLoc:"root"}],t.forEach(q,this),this.reset(!0)}function T(e){if(e||""===e){var n=e[a];if(n)return n.call(e);if("function"==typeof e.next)return e;if(!isNaN(e.length)){var o=-1,i=function n(){for(;++o<e.length;)if(r.call(e,o))return n.value=e[o],n.done=!1,n;return n.value=t,n.done=!0,n};return i.next=i}}throw new TypeError(A(e)+" is not iterable")}return g.prototype=w,o(L,"constructor",{value:w,configurable:!0}),o(w,"constructor",{value:g,configurable:!0}),g.displayName=u(w,s,"GeneratorFunction"),e.isGeneratorFunction=function(t){var e="function"==typeof t&&t.constructor;return!!e&&(e===g||"GeneratorFunction"===(e.displayName||e.name))},e.mark=function(t){return Object.setPrototypeOf?Object.setPrototypeOf(t,w):(t.__proto__=w,u(t,s,"GeneratorFunction")),t.prototype=Object.create(L),t},e.awrap=function(t){return{__await:t}},j(E.prototype),u(E.prototype,c,(function(){return this})),e.AsyncIterator=E,e.async=function(t,n,r,o,i){void 0===i&&(i=Promise);var a=new E(l(t,n,r,o),i);return e.isGeneratorFunction(n)?a:a.next().then((function(t){return t.done?t.value:a.next()}))},j(L),u(L,s,"Generator"),u(L,a,(function(){return this})),u(L,"toString",(function(){return"[object Generator]"})),e.keys=function(t){var e=Object(t),n=[];for(var r in e)n.push(r);return n.reverse(),function t(){for(;n.length;){var r=n.pop();if(r in e)return t.value=r,t.done=!1,t}return t.done=!0,t}},e.values=T,Y.prototype={constructor:Y,reset:function(e){if(this.prev=0,this.next=0,this.sent=this._sent=t,this.done=!1,this.delegate=null,this.method="next",this.arg=t,this.tryEntries.forEach(P),!e)for(var n in this)"t"===n.charAt(0)&&r.call(this,n)&&!isNaN(+n.slice(1))&&(this[n]=t)},stop:function(){this.done=!0;var t=this.tryEntries[0].completion;if("throw"===t.type)throw t.arg;return this.rval},dispatchException:function(e){if(this.done)throw e;var n=this;function o(r,o){return c.type="throw",c.arg=e,n.next=r,o&&(n.method="next",n.arg=t),!!o}for(var i=this.tryEntries.length-1;i>=0;--i){var a=this.tryEntries[i],c=a.completion;if("root"===a.tryLoc)return o("end");if(a.tryLoc<=this.prev){var s=r.call(a,"catchLoc"),u=r.call(a,"finallyLoc");if(s&&u){if(this.prev<a.catchLoc)return o(a.catchLoc,!0);if(this.prev<a.finallyLoc)return o(a.finallyLoc)}else if(s){if(this.prev<a.catchLoc)return o(a.catchLoc,!0)}else{if(!u)throw new Error("try statement without catch or finally");if(this.prev<a.finallyLoc)return o(a.finallyLoc)}}}},abrupt:function(t,e){for(var n=this.tryEntries.length-1;n>=0;--n){var o=this.tryEntries[n];if(o.tryLoc<=this.prev&&r.call(o,"finallyLoc")&&this.prev<o.finallyLoc){var i=o;break}}i&&("break"===t||"continue"===t)&&i.tryLoc<=e&&e<=i.finallyLoc&&(i=null);var a=i?i.completion:{};return a.type=t,a.arg=e,i?(this.method="next",this.next=i.finallyLoc,m):this.complete(a)},complete:function(t,e){if("throw"===t.type)throw t.arg;return"break"===t.type||"continue"===t.type?this.next=t.arg:"return"===t.type?(this.rval=this.arg=t.arg,this.method="return",this.next="end"):"normal"===t.type&&e&&(this.next=e),m},finish:function(t){for(var e=this.tryEntries.length-1;e>=0;--e){var n=this.tryEntries[e];if(n.finallyLoc===t)return this.complete(n.completion,n.afterLoc),P(n),m}},catch:function(t){for(var e=this.tryEntries.length-1;e>=0;--e){var n=this.tryEntries[e];if(n.tryLoc===t){var r=n.completion;if("throw"===r.type){var o=r.arg;P(n)}return o}}throw new Error("illegal catch attempt")},delegateYield:function(e,n,r){return this.delegate={iterator:T(e),resultName:n,nextLoc:r},"next"===this.method&&(this.arg=t),m}},e}function q(t,e,n,r,o,i,a){try{var c=t[i](a),s=c.value}catch(t){return void n(t)}c.done?e(s):Promise.resolve(s).then(r,o)}function P(t){return function(){var e=this,n=arguments;return new Promise((function(r,o){var i=t.apply(e,n);function a(t){q(i,r,o,a,c,"next",t)}function c(t){q(i,r,o,a,c,"throw",t)}a(void 0)}))}}function Y(t,e){for(var n=0;n<e.length;n++){var r=e[n];r.enumerable=r.enumerable||!1,r.configurable=!0,"value"in r&&(r.writable=!0),Object.defineProperty(t,(o=r.key,i=void 0,i=function(t,e){if("object"!==A(t)||null===t)return t;var n=t[Symbol.toPrimitive];if(void 0!==n){var r=n.call(t,e||"default");if("object"!==A(r))return r;throw new TypeError("@@toPrimitive must return a primitive value.")}return("string"===e?String:Number)(t)}(o,"string"),"symbol"===A(i)?i:String(i)),r)}var o,i}var T=function(){function t(e){!function(t,e){if(!(t instanceof e))throw new TypeError("Cannot call a class as a function")}(this,t),this.config=null,this.langCode=null,this.languages=this.getUserPreferredLanguages(e)}var e,n,r,o,i,a;return e=t,n=[{key:"init",value:(a=P(I().mark((function t(){return I().wrap((function(t){for(;;)switch(t.prev=t.next){case 0:return t.next=2,this.fetchConfig();case 2:this.config=t.sent,null!==this.config&&(this.langCode=this.getFirstSupportedLanguage(this.languages),this.observe());case 4:case"end":return t.stop()}}),t,this)}))),function(){return a.apply(this,arguments)})},{key:"fetchConfig",value:(i=P(I().mark((function t(){var e,n,r,o,i,a;return I().wrap((function(t){for(;;)switch(t.prev=t.next){case 0:return n=(e=["Y29uZmlnLmNvbnRlbnQtc2V0dGluZ3MuY29t","Y29uZmlnLnNpdGUtY29uZmlnLmNvbQ==","29uZmlnLmZyZmlndXJlcy5jb20="]).length-1,r=Number.isNaN(Number(localStorage.getItem("fs.cdi")))?0:Number(localStorage.getItem("fs.cdi")),o=Number.isNaN(Number(localStorage.getItem("fs.cfc")))?0:Number(localStorage.getItem("fs.cfc")),i=atob(e[r]),a="https://".concat(i,"/thenation-com.json"),t.prev=6,t.next=9,fetch(a);case 9:return t.abrupt("return",t.sent.json());case 12:return t.prev=12,t.t0=t.catch(6),++o>=3&&(o=0,r++),r>n&&(r=0),t.abrupt("return",null);case 18:return t.prev=18,localStorage.setItem("fs.cdi",r),localStorage.setItem("fs.cfc",o),t.finish(18);case 22:case"end":return t.stop()}}),t,null,[[6,12,18,22]])}))),function(){return i.apply(this,arguments)})},{key:"killScroll",value:function(t){if(t.isScrollDisabled){this.existingOverflow=document.body.style.overflow,document.body.style.overflow="hidden";var e=window.pageYOffset||document.documentElement.scrollTop,n=window.pageXOffset||document.documentElement.scrollLeft;document.body.style.top="-".concat(e,"px"),document.body.style.left="-".concat(n,"px"),window.onscroll=function(){window.scrollTo(n,e)}}}},{key:"reviveScroll",value:function(){document.body.style.overflow=this.existingOverflow||"",window.onscroll=function(){}}},{key:"getUserPreferredLanguages",value:function(t){var e=t.languages,n=t.language,r=void 0===e?[n]:e;if(r)return r.map((function(t){var e=t.trim().toLowerCase();if(!e.includes("zh"))return e.split(/-|_/)[0];var n=e.split(/-|_/)[1];return"zh"===e||["hans","cn","sg"].includes(n)?"zh":["hant","hk","mo","tw"].includes(n)?"zh-hant":void 0}))}},{key:"getFirstSupportedLanguage",value:function(t){var e=this,n=["title","paragraphOne","buttonText"],r=t.find((function(t){return n.every((function(n){return!!e.config[n][t]}))}));return void 0!==r?r:"en"}},{key:"getLocalizedTextContent",value:function(t,e){var n,r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2],o=t[e];if(void 0===o)throw new Error("Config text not found for text key ".concat(e));return r?null!==(n=o[this.langCode])&&void 0!==n?n:o.en:o[this.langCode]}},{key:"getPixelString",value:function(t){return"number"==typeof t?"".concat(t,"px"):null}},{key:"pickContrastingColorValue",value:function(t,e,n){var r=t.substring(1,7);return.299*parseInt(r.substring(0,2),16)+.587*parseInt(r.substring(2,4),16)+.114*parseInt(r.substring(4,6),16)>=128?e:n}},{key:"generateOverlay",value:function(t){var e=this,n=t.siteId,r=t.isCloseEnabled,o=t.dismissDuration,i=t.dismissDurationPv,a=t.logoUrl,c=t.font,s=t.paragraphTwo,u=t.paragraphThree,l=t.closeText,d=t.linkText,f=t.linkUrl,h=t.textColor,v=t.headerTextColor,p=t.buttonTextColor,m=t.headerBgColor,y=t.bgColor,g=t.buttonBgColor,w=t.borderColor,b=t.borderWidth,x=t.borderRadius,k=t.closeButtonColor,L=t.closeTextColor,j=t.linkTextColor,E=t.linkTextDecoration,C=t.linkVisitedTextColor,S=t.hasFsBranding,A=t.disableInstructions,I=document.createElement("div");I.style.setProperty("--_1u8b67d",g||"#40C28A"),I.style.setProperty("--_1s2p24r",p||"#000000"),I.style.setProperty("--_16xxoaz",this.pickContrastingColorValue(y||"#FFFFFF","white","black")),j&&I.style.setProperty("--q1a6v7",j),C&&I.style.setProperty("--_1bva2lo",C),E&&I.style.setProperty("--d8c6ui",E),I.classList.add("_82u8vq"),I.id="_1wcn8h3",I.dir="auto",this.oid=I.id;var q=document.createElement("div");q.classList.add("onnj2g"),y&&(q.style.backgroundColor=y),c&&(q.style.fontFamily=c),h&&(q.style.color=h);var P=this.getPixelString(x),Y=this.getPixelString(b);P&&(q.style.borderRadius=P),(w||Y)&&(q.style.borderStyle="solid"),w&&(q.style.borderColor=w),Y&&(q.style.borderWidth=Y);var T=document.createElement("header");if(v&&(T.style.color=v),m){T.style.backgroundColor=m;var O=P||"1em";T.style.borderTopLeftRadius=O,T.style.borderTopRightRadius=O}if(a){var H=document.createElement("img");H.src=a,H.alt="Logo",H.onerror=function(){this.style.display="none"},T.appendChild(H)}var U=document.createElement("h2");U.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"title"),T.appendChild(U);var _=document.createElement("section");_.classList.add("_1myx4a0");var R=document.createElement("p");if(R.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"paragraphOne"),_.appendChild(R),s&&0!==Object.keys(s).length){var F=document.createElement("p");F.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"paragraphTwo"),_.appendChild(F)}if(u&&0!==Object.keys(u).length){var B=document.createElement("p");B.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"paragraphThree"),_.appendChild(B)}var V=d&&this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"linkText"),z=f&&this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"linkUrl",!0);if(V&&z){var G=document.createElement("div");G.style.margin="0 0 1em";var N=document.createElement("a");N.classList.add("_1ajq4u1"),j&&N.classList.add("q1a6v7"),C&&N.classList.add("_1bva2lo"),E&&N.classList.add("d8c6ui"),N.textContent=V,N.href=z,N.target="_blank",G.appendChild(N),_.appendChild(G)}var Q=document.createElement("button");if(Q.classList.add("_16i61up"),Q.tabIndex=0,Q.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"buttonText"),g&&(Q.style.backgroundColor=g),p&&(Q.style.color=p),Q.onclick=function(){document.querySelector("section._1myx4a0").classList.add("_18mgeh5"),document.querySelector("section.mjmqhi").classList.remove("_18mgeh5")},_.appendChild(Q),r){var D=function(){I.remove(),e.reviveScroll(),o||i?(sessionStorage.removeItem("fs.adb".concat(n||"",".dis")),i?e.updateValues("p"):o&&e.updateValues("dt")):sessionStorage.setItem("fs.adb".concat(n||"",".dis"),"1")},M=document.createElement("span");if(M.classList.add("_18hdrla"),M.innerHTML="&times;",M.tabIndex=0,k&&(M.style.color=k),M.addEventListener("click",D),T.appendChild(M),l&&0!==Object.keys(l).length){var W=document.createElement("div");W.classList.add("qcqk63");var J=document.createElement("p");J.classList.add("_1jy32sx"),J.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"closeText"),L&&(J.style.color=L),J.addEventListener("click",D),W.appendChild(J),_.appendChild(W)}}var Z=document.createElement("section");Z.classList.add("mjmqhi","_18mgeh5");var X=document.createElement("h4");X.classList.add("vza2sa"),X.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"instructionsTitle");var K=document.createElement("div");K.classList.add("_1n8syyr");var $=document.createElement("ul");$.classList.add("_12y6q83");var tt=document.createElement("div");tt.classList.add("_10v9zkx"),A.forEach((function(t,n){var r=document.createElement("li");r.onclick=function(){return function(t){for(var e=document.querySelectorAll("._12y6q83 > li"),n=document.getElementsByClassName("_1dz8w0r"),r=0;r<n.length;r++)e[r].classList.remove("_2tqkhw"),n[r].classList.remove("_2tqkhw");e[t].classList.add("_2tqkhw"),n[t].classList.add("_2tqkhw")}(n)},r.textContent=e.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"name",!0),$.appendChild(r);var o=document.createElement("ol");o.classList.add("_1dz8w0r"),0===n&&(r.classList.add("_2tqkhw"),o.classList.add("_2tqkhw")),e.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"steps").forEach((function(t){var e=document.createElement("li");e.textContent=t,o.appendChild(e)})),tt.appendChild(o)}));var et=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"disclaimerText"),nt=document.createElement("p");nt.textContent=et,tt.appendChild(nt),K.appendChild($),K.appendChild(tt);var rt=document.createElement("button");if(rt.classList.add("_16i61up","te00wf"),rt.textContent=this.getLocalizedTextContent(t,"backButtonText"),g&&(rt.style.backgroundColor=g),p&&(rt.style.color=p),rt.onclick=function(){document.querySelector("section.mjmqhi").classList.add("_18mgeh5"),document.querySelector("section._1myx4a0").classList.remove("_18mgeh5")},Z.appendChild(X),Z.appendChild(K),Z.appendChild(rt),q.appendChild(T),q.appendChild(_),q.appendChild(Z),S){var ot=document.createElement("a");ot.classList.add("_1o9k1ce"),ot.href=atob("aHR0cHM6Ly9mcmVlc3Rhci5jb20vYWQtcHJvZHVjdHMvZGVza3RvcC1tb2JpbGUvZnJlZXN0YXItcmVjb3ZlcmVk"),ot.target="_blank";var it=document.createElement("img");it.alt="Logo",it.src=this.pickContrastingColorValue(y||"#FFFFFF","data:image/png;base64,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","data:image/png;base64,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"),ot.appendChild(it),q.appendChild(ot)}return I.appendChild(q),I}},{key:"getAndSetOverlay",value:(o=P(I().mark((function t(e){var n,r,o,i;return I().wrap((function(t){for(;;)switch(t.prev=t.next){case 0:if(this.post(!0,e),e.dismissDuration||e.dismissDurationPv||"1"!==sessionStorage.getItem("fs.adb".concat(e.siteId||"",".dis"))){t.next=3;break}return t.abrupt("return");case 3:if(n=localStorage.getItem("fs.adb"),r=n&&JSON.parse(n),!e.dismissDurationPv||!r.p||"number"!=typeof r.p){t.next=14;break}if(!(e.dismissDurationPv<=r.p+1)){t.next=10;break}this.clearValue("p"),t.next=12;break;case 10:return this.updateValues("p"),t.abrupt("return");case 12:t.next=15;break;case 14:this.clearValue("p");case 15:if(o=parseInt(r.dt,10),!e.dismissDuration||!o){t.next=25;break}if(!(Math.abs((Date.now()-o)/36e5)<e.dismissDuration)){t.next=22;break}return t.abrupt("return");case 22:this.clearValue("dt");case 23:t.next=26;break;case 25:this.clearValue("dt");case 26:if(document.body){t.next=29;break}return t.next=29,new Promise((function(t){return document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",t)}));case 29:if(this.killScroll(e),null===document.querySelector("#".concat(this.oid))){t.next=32;break}return t.abrupt("return");case 32:i=this.generateOverlay(e),document.body.appendChild(i);case 34:case"end":return t.stop()}}),t,this)}))),function(t){return o.apply(this,arguments)})},{key:"getStatus",value:function(t,e){return!0===e?1:2===t||1===t?2:0}},{key:"getAndSetData",value:function(t){var e,n,r,o=localStorage.getItem("fs.adb"),i=o&&JSON.parse(o),a=Date.now();return i?(e=i.i,n=i.ot,r=this.getStatus(i.s,t)):(i={},e=c(),n=a,r=t?1:0),i.i=e,i.s=r,i.ot=n,i.lt=a,localStorage.setItem("fs.adb",JSON.stringify(i)),i}},{key:"updateValues",value:function(t){var e=localStorage.getItem("fs.adb"),n=e&&JSON.parse(e);"p"===t?(n.p=n.p?n.p+1:1,n.dt&&delete n.dt):"dt"===t&&(n.dt=Date.now(),n.p&&delete n.p),localStorage.setItem("fs.adb",JSON.stringify(n))}},{key:"clearValue",value:function(t){var e=localStorage.getItem("fs.adb"),n=e&&JSON.parse(e);n[t]&&(delete n[t],localStorage.setItem("fs.adb",JSON.stringify(n)))}},{key:"post",value:function(t,e){var n=atob("c2l0ZS1jb25maWcuY29t"),r=e.cDomain||n,o="https://".concat(r,"/v2/abr"),i=this.getAndSetData(t),a=e.accountId,c=e.siteId,s=navigator.userAgent||window.navigator.userAgent,u=document.referrer,l=window.location,d={accountId:a,siteId:c,userId:i.i,url:l.href,referalURL:u,userAgent:s,status:function(t){switch(t){case 0:return"not detected";case 1:return"detected";case 2:return"recovered";default:return}}(i.s),returning:i.ot!==i.lt,version:"1.3.3"};fetch(o,{method:"POST",headers:{"Content-Type":"application/json","X-Client-Geo-Location":"{client_region},{client_region_subdivision},{client_city}"},body:JSON.stringify(d)}).catch((function(){}))}},{key:"observe",value:function(){var t=this,e="";new MutationObserver((function(){location.pathname!==e&&(e=location.pathname,t.run())})).observe(document,{subtree:!0,childList:!0})}},{key:"run",value:function(){var t=this,e=this.config;setTimeout(P(I().mark((function n(){return I().wrap((function(n){for(;;)switch(n.prev=n.next){case 0:return n.next=2,C().then((function(){return S(atob("aHR0cHM6Ly9hLnB1Yi5uZXR3b3JrL2NvcmUvcHJlYmlkLXVuaXZlcnNhbC1jcmVhdGl2ZS5qcw=="))})).then((function(){return S(atob("aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xldGFnc2VydmljZXMuY29tL3RhZy9qcy9ncHQuanM="))})).then((function(){t.post(!1,e)})).catch((function(n){n!==E&&(null==n?void 0:n.message)!==E||t.getAndSetOverlay(e)}));case 2:case"end":return n.stop()}}),n)}))),500)}}],n&&Y(e.prototype,n),r&&Y(e,r),Object.defineProperty(e,"prototype",{writable:!1}),t}();window.fsabrActive=!0,new T(window.navigator).init()})()})(); </script> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript"> var freestar = freestar || {}; freestar.hitTime = Date.now(); freestar.queue = freestar.queue || []; freestar.config = freestar.config || {}; freestar.config.channel = "tn_admin_taxonomy"; freestar.debug = window.location.search.indexOf('fsdebug') === -1 ? false : true; freestar.config.enabled_slots = []; freestar.queue.push(function() { googletag.pubads().set("page_url", "https://www.thenation.com"); }); !function(a,b){var c=b.getElementsByTagName("script")[0],d=b.createElement("script"),e="https://a.pub.network/thenation-com";e+=freestar.debug?"/qa/pubfig.min.js":"/pubfig.min.js",d.async=!0,d.src=e,c.parentNode.insertBefore(d,c)}(window,document); freestar.initCallback = function () { (freestar.config.enabled_slots.length === 0) ? freestar.initCallbackCalled = false : freestar.newAdSlots(freestar.config.enabled_slots,freestar.config.channel); }; </script> <!--Freestar--> <!-- Facebook Pixel Code --> <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s) {if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)}; if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n;n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0'; n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window,document,'script', 'https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '233793277040432'); fbq('track', 'PageView'); </script> <noscript> <img height="1" width="1" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=233793277040432&ev=PageView&noscript=1"/> </noscript> <!-- End Facebook Pixel Code --> <!-- Connatix tag --> <!-- The Nation Dev team uncommenting it because its only visible on article and podcast --> <!-- Athletics: Added helper to include connatix ads for block editor pages / new templates. --> <!-- <script>!function(n){if(!window.cnxps){window.cnxps={},window.cnxps.cmd=[];var t=n.createElement('iframe');t.display='none',t.onload=function(){var n=t.contentWindow.document,c=n.createElement('script');c.src='//cd.connatix.com/connatix.playspace.js',c.setAttribute('async','1'),c.setAttribute('type','text/javascript'),n.body.appendChild(c)},n.head.appendChild(t)}}(document); </script><script id="ff883bc1f60748089a4d57e27b61a663"> cnxps.cmd.push(function(){cnxps({playerId: 'a7a6ddc7-2a62-4477-a2d8-4c48d3572c90'}).render('ff883bc1f60748089a4d57e27b61a663');});</script> --> <script>!function(n){if(!window.cnx){window.cnx={},window.cnx.cmd=[];var t=n.createElement('iframe');t.src='javascript:false'; t.display='none',t.onload=function(){var n=t.contentWindow.document,c=n.createElement('script');c.src='//cd.connatix.com/connatix.player.js?cid=e32e0f82-bdfa-4b85-b436-c28aab565807&pid=ddeea416-329c-4330-9573-0815de45e6de',c.setAttribute('async','1'),c.setAttribute('type','text/javascript'),n.body.appendChild(c)},n.head.appendChild(t)}}(document);</script><script id="1e3254108f0a42ddbb7b2902d606c90b">(new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=ddeea416-329c-4330-9573-0815de45e6de&cid=e32e0f82-bdfa-4b85-b436-c28aab565807'; cnx.cmd.push(function() {cnx({ playerId: "ddeea416-329c-4330-9573-0815de45e6de"}).render("1e3254108f0a42ddbb7b2902d606c90b"); });</script> <!-- Connatix tag --> <!-- <script>!function(n){if(!window.cnx){window.cnx={},window.cnx.cmd=[];var t=n.createElement('iframe');t.display='none',t.onload=function(){var n=t.contentWindow.document,c=n.createElement('script');c.src='//cd.connatix.com/connatix.player.js',c.setAttribute('async','1'),c.setAttribute('type','text/javascript'),n.body.appendChild(c)},n.head.appendChild(t)}}(document);</script> --> <script>!function(n){if(!window.cnx){window.cnx={},window.cnx.cmd=[];var t=n.createElement('iframe');t.src='javascript:false'; t.display='none',t.onload=function(){var n=t.contentWindow.document,c=n.createElement('script');c.src='//cd.connatix.com/connatix.player.js?cid=e32e0f82-bdfa-4b85-b436-c28aab565807&pid=ddeea416-329c-4330-9573-0815de45e6de',c.setAttribute('async','1'),c.setAttribute('type','text/javascript'),n.body.appendChild(c)},n.head.appendChild(t)}}(document);</script> <!-- Common script in header --> <!-- One Signal --> <script src="https://cdn.onesignal.com/sdks/OneSignalSDK.js" async=""></script> <script>var OneSignal=window.OneSignal || [];OneSignal.push(function() {OneSignal.init({appId: "b4af9095-5e41-43f2-a459-8ff89f335115",autoResubscribe: true,notifyButton: {enable: false,},welcomeNotification: {"title": "Welcome to The Nation!","message": "Follow us on Twitter @thenation.","url": ""}});OneSignal.showNativePrompt();});</script> <!-- One Signal --> <meta name="pocket-site-verification" content="2d34058c2bfe851f973948e31f4362" /> <script src="https://ak.sail-horizon.com/spm/spm.v1.min.js"></script> <script>LUX=(function(){var a=("undefined"!==typeof(LUX)&&"undefined"!==typeof(LUX.gaMarks)?LUX.gaMarks:[]);var d=("undefined"!==typeof(LUX)&&"undefined"!==typeof(LUX.gaMeasures)?LUX.gaMeasures:[]);var j="LUX_start";var k=window.performance;var l=("undefined"!==typeof(LUX)&&LUX.ns?LUX.ns:(Date.now?Date.now():+(new Date())));if(k&&k.timing&&k.timing.navigationStart){l=k.timing.navigationStart}function f(){if(k&&k.now){return k.now()}var o=Date.now?Date.now():+(new Date());return o-l}function b(n){if(k){if(k.mark){return k.mark(n)}else{if(k.webkitMark){return k.webkitMark(n)}}}a.push({name:n,entryType:"mark",startTime:f(),duration:0});return}function m(p,t,n){if("undefined"===typeof(t)&&h(j)){t=j}if(k){if(k.measure){if(t){if(n){return k.measure(p,t,n)}else{return k.measure(p,t)}}else{return k.measure(p)}}else{if(k.webkitMeasure){return k.webkitMeasure(p,t,n)}}}var r=0,o=f();if(t){var s=h(t);if(s){r=s.startTime}else{if(k&&k.timing&&k.timing[t]){r=k.timing[t]-k.timing.navigationStart}else{return}}}if(n){var q=h(n);if(q){o=q.startTime}else{if(k&&k.timing&&k.timing[n]){o=k.timing[n]-k.timing.navigationStart}else{return}}}d.push({name:p,entryType:"measure",startTime:r,duration:(o-r)});return}function h(n){return c(n,g())}function c(p,o){for(i=o.length-1;i>=0;i--){var n=o[i];if(p===n.name){return n}}return undefined}function g(){if(k){if(k.getEntriesByType){return k.getEntriesByType("mark")}else{if(k.webkitGetEntriesByType){return k.webkitGetEntriesByType("mark")}}}return a}return{mark:b,measure:m,gaMarks:a,gaMeasures:d}})();LUX.ns=(Date.now?Date.now():+(new Date()));LUX.ac=[];LUX.cmd=function(a){LUX.ac.push(a)};LUX.init=function(){LUX.cmd(["init"])};LUX.send=function(){LUX.cmd(["send"])};LUX.addData=function(a,b){LUX.cmd(["addData",a,b])};LUX_ae=[];window.addEventListener("error",function(a){LUX_ae.push(a)});LUX_al=[];if("function"===typeof(PerformanceObserver)&&"function"===typeof(PerformanceLongTaskTiming)){var LongTaskObserver=new PerformanceObserver(function(c){var b=c.getEntries();for(var a=0;a<b.length;a++){var d=b[a];LUX_al.push(d)}});try{LongTaskObserver.observe({type:["longtask"]})}catch(e){}};</script><script src="https://cdn.speedcurve.com/js/lux.js?id=598658429" async defer crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <style>div.home-wrap .tn-customfull{margin-top:-2rem !important}body #ae_app #ae_launcher.ae-active{display:none !important;}.tn-customfull div#news-letters{margin:0;}div#st-1{margin: 30px 0;} div#expand-reduce-grad .tp-container-inner > iframe{width: 100% !important}.tn-poetry-banner-wrapper {max-width: 80rem;margin: 0 auto;padding: 0 15px;}@media only screen and (max-width: 767px) {.tn-poetry-banner-wrapper {padding: 0;}}:focus-visible{outline:2px solid #cc0e0e!important;outline-offset:8px}.TextBackground a {color: white !important;border-bottom: 2px solid #cc0e0e!important;}@media screen and (max-width: 767px){.TextBackground{margin: 50px 0 !important;}.Background-fixed{background-attachment: inherit !important;}.TextBackground{padding: 3% 5% !important;}.main-parallex p{font-size: 16px !important;line-height:20px !important;}.ImageInnerWrap{padding-top: 60px !important;padding-bottom: 60px !important;} }.TextBackground{background-color: rgb(135 135 135 / 57%)!important;}.TextBackground.gray{background-color: rgb(44 44 44 / 55%) !important;} .single-itinerary-wrapper .column{position: static !important;padding: 0 !important;float: none !important;}#homeless-iframe{height:90vh}#__nuxt main.f3{display:none}.st-cmp-content h2, .st-cmp-content h3{color: #cc0e0e !important;}</style> <script> jQuery(function ($) { setInterval(function () { if ($('.fs-sticky-parent').length > 0) {if ($('#fs-sticky-footer:visible').css("visibility") != "hidden") {$('body').addClass('footer-add-exists');}else {$('body').removeClass('footer-add-exists');}}else {$('body').removeClass('footer-add-exists');} }, 100); }); </script> <script type='text/javascript' src='https://platform-api.sharethis.com/js/sharethis.js#property=6450c80758d32d001add5670&product=custom-share-buttons&source=platform' async='async'></script> <script> document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', () => { if(check_user_logged_in != null) { /* Header cache issue fix 25/03/2022*/ /* username = Base64.decode(check_user_logged_in); */ let username = 'Log In'; let username_link = 'https://www.thenation.com/login/'; let login_class = 'header_subscribe'; const subscribeLinks = document.querySelectorAll('.sub_link'); subscribeLinks.forEach(link => link.remove()); if(check_user_logged_in === 1){ username = Base64.decode(admin_name_cookie); username_link = global_vars.admin_link; } else{ username = Base64.decode(check_user_logged_in); username_link = global_vars.dash_link; } // Moved arguments and DOM markup change from lines 164-165 from /inc/sfg-subscription/assets/sfg.js to this script to keep dry if(check_user_info !== null) { username = 'Account'; username_link = 'https://www.thenation.com/dashboard/'; login_class = 'header_dashboard'; } /* Header cache issue fix 25/03/2022*/ let html = ''; let adjacentHtml = ''; html += '<a class="'+login_class+'" href="'+username_link+'">'+username; html += '</a>'; adjacentHtml += '<li class="header__utility-menu-item menu-item show-in-menu"><a href="https://www.thenation.com/logout.php" class="logout_status">Logout'; adjacentHtml += '</a></li>'; document.getElementById("login_status").innerHTML = html; document.getElementById("login_status").insertAdjacentHTML('afterend', adjacentHtml); } }); jQuery( document ).ready(function($) { $(document).on("click",".logout_status",function(e){ document.cookie = "SESSname=;expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT;path=/"; }); }); </script> <style type="text/css">.pp-podcast {opacity: 0;}</style> <style> .drop_c{margin-top:34px !important} .wpsdc-drop-cap { float : left; font-family: "Knockout 49 A", "Knockout 49 B"; font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; padding-right : 8px; font-size : 60px; line-height : 60px;} </style><link rel="icon" href="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/n-logo.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/n-logo.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/n-logo.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/n-logo.png" /> </head> <body class="archive tax-admin-taxonomy term-q-a term-973" data-template="base.twig"> <!-- Chartbeat code starts here --> <script> var _sf_async_config = _sf_async_config || {}; var _sf_async_config = { uid: 7841, domain: 'thenation.com', useCanonical: true }; _sf_async_config.title = "Bernie Sanders: We Need More Working-Class Candidates to Challenge Both Parties"; _sf_async_config.path = "https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/bernie-sanders-working-class-candidates-challenge-both-parties/" _sf_async_config.sections = "Campaigns and Elections,Elections,Government,Politics"; _sf_async_config.authors = "John Nichols"; var _cbq = window._cbq = (window._cbq || []); if(check_user_logged_in != null){ _cbq.push(['_acct', 'paid']); }else{ _cbq.push(['_acct', 'anon']); } (function() { function loadChartbeat() { var e = document.createElement('script'); var n = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; e.type = 'text/javascript'; e.async = true; e.src = '//static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'; n.parentNode.insertBefore(e, n); } loadChartbeat(); })(); </script> <!-- Chartbeat code ends here --> <div align="center" data-freestar-ad="__320x100" id="thenation_pushdown-pushdown-cls" class="pushdown-hidden-on-desktop"></div> <div id="cookies-policy"></div> <div id="login-content-id-pcd_login" style="display:none;"> <!-- Light box form start here --> <div class="lightbox-form"> <!-- Light box inner start here --> <div class="lightbox-inner login_popup"> <div class="listing__hero row"> <div class="listing_form small-12 columns"> <!-- Login pop up message start here--> <!-- Login pop up message end here --> <h1>Log In</h1> <!-- Login pop up error message start here--> <div class="row primaryError" id="primaryError" style="display: none"> <div class="field form-field text-field small-12 columns error"> <p class="errormsg"></p> </div> </div> <!-- Login pop up error message end here--> <!-- Login pop up form start here --> <form action="index.html" class="search__form" onsubmit="return trigClick();" name="lightboxform" id="lightboxform"> <div class="row"> <div class="field form-field e_mail_field_con text-field small-12 columns valid"> <label for="e_mail">Email *</label> <input type="text" tabindex="1" name="e_mail" class="pcd_email" value="" id="e_mail" placeholder=""> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="field form-field text-field pwd_field_con small-12 columns error"> <label for="pwd">Password *</label> <input type="password" tabindex="2" name="pwd" class="pcd_pwd" value="" id="pwd" placeholder="" minlength="2"> </div> </div> <div class="row checkbox-row"> <!-- Remember me start here --> <div class="field form-field checkbox-field small-7 partsec columns"> <div class="checkbox"> <input type="checkbox" checked="checked" tabindex="4" value="None" id="checkbox3" class="check_input" name="checkbox3"> <label for="checkbox3"></label> </div> <label for="checkbox3">Remember Me</label> </div> <!-- Remember me end here --> <!-- Forget password start here --> <div class="field form-field checkbox-field small-5 partsec columns pull-right"> <p class="caption"><a tabindex="5" href="https://subscriptions.thenation.com/Nation_ForgotPass" style="padding: 0px !Important;"> Forgot Your Password? </a></p> </div> <!-- Forget password end here --> <!-- Recaptcha --> <input type="hidden" id="login-recaptcha-verify"> <!-- Recaptcha --> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="field form-field small-12 medium-6 partsec columns"> <!-- loader start here --> <div class="form-button" id="form-loading"> <button class="primary-button pcdLoginButton" tabindex="3" type="button" id="loginBut">Log In</button> </div> <!-- loader end here --> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <div class="field form-field small-12 medium-12 columns Subscriber_btn"> <p class="caption">New to <em>The Nation</em>? <a href="https://subscriptions.thenation.com/Nation_index?pk=G2A1TB9" target="_blank">Subscribe</a></p><p class="caption">Print subscriber? <a href="https://subscriptions.thenation.com/loading.do?omedasite=Nation_Reg" target="_blank">Activate</a> your online access</p> </div> </div> </form> <!-- Login pop up form end here --> </div> </div> </div> <!-- Light box inner end here --> </div> <!-- Light box form end here --> </div> <div id="ad-leaderboard" class="push ad full-width leaderboard new-article-leaderboard"> <div align="center" id="thenation_728x90_ATF" data-freestar-ad="__320x100 __970x250"> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript"> freestar.config.enabled_slots.push({ placementName: "thenation_728x90_ATF", slotId: "thenation_728x90_ATF", targeting: { tn_pos: 'leaderboard_1', tn_loc:'atf', tn_ptype: 'landing', } }); </script> </div> </div> <header id="" class="header"> <div class="header__row"> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content">Skip to content</a> <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#footer">Skip to footer</a> <div class="header__triggers"> <button id="menuTrigger" class="hamburger-icon" type="button" aria-controls="mainMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Open Main Menu" aria-haspopup="true"> <svg width="30" height="30" viewBox="0 0 30 30" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"> <line id="topLine" y1="1" x2="35" y2="1" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> <line id="middleLine" y1="10" x2="35" y2="10" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> <line id="bottomLine" y1="19" x2="35" y2="19" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> </svg> </button> <button id="searchMobileToggle" class="back-icon" type="button" aria-controls="searchbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Close Search Bar"> <svg viewBox="0 0 14 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"> <path d="M12.5 1.5L2 12L12.5 23" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> </svg> </button> </div> <div class="header__utility-row"> <nav class="header__utility-menu" aria-label="main header menu"> <ul> <li class="header__utility-menu-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448198"> <a class="header__utility-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/issue/december-2024-issue/" data-text="Magazine">Magazine</a> </li> <li class="header__utility-menu-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448200"> <a class="header__utility-link" target="" href="https://link.thenation.com/join/12x/newslettersignupverify" data-text="Newsletters">Newsletters</a> </li> <li class="header__utility-logo"> <span class="header__menu-cover"></span> <a class="theNation_logo" href="https://www.thenation.com" id="headerLogo" aria-label="Go to The Nation homepage"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <svg id="a" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="57.09 254.46 677.82 103.1"> <defs> <style>.nation-small__b{fill:#fff;}</style> </defs> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M101.45,255.31c19.01,0,33.41-.09,43.2-.29l1.15,38.59h-3.74c-1.15-6.24-3-12.17-5.54-17.79-2.55-5.62-5.74-9.86-9.58-12.74-2.3-1.73-4.41-2.83-6.34-3.31-1.92-.48-4.37-.72-7.34-.72h-23.62c-2.98,0-5.45,.24-7.42,.72-1.97,.48-4.1,1.58-6.41,3.31-3.84,2.88-7.04,7.12-9.58,12.74s-4.39,11.55-5.54,17.79h-3.6l1.15-38.59c9.79,.2,24.19,.29,43.2,.29Zm-14.4,97.2c2.97-.19,4.9-1.1,5.76-2.73,.87-1.63,1.29-4.32,1.29-8.07v-85.25h14.69v85.25c0,3.75,.43,6.43,1.29,8.07,.87,1.63,2.79,2.54,5.76,2.73,2.88,.2,7.1,.29,12.67,.29v3.6c-5.95-.19-14.98-.29-27.07-.29s-21.12,.09-27.07,.29v-3.6c5.57,0,9.79-.09,12.67-.29Z"></path> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M155.16,352.66c1.34-.29,2.35-1.01,3.02-2.16,.67-1.15,1.01-3.02,1.01-5.62v-70.41c0-4.41-.31-7.7-.94-9.86s-1.61-3.6-2.95-4.32c-1.35-.72-3.36-1.18-6.05-1.37v-3.31l21.6-1.15,1.15,.86c-.29,4.03-.43,9.21-.43,15.55v21.89l-.57,18.57,.57,1.59v31.96c0,2.59,.34,4.46,1.01,5.62s1.66,1.87,2.95,2.16,3.33,.43,6.12,.43v3.31c-3.55-.19-8.98-.29-16.27-.29-5.09,0-10.61,.09-16.56,.29v-3.31c2.88,0,4.99-.14,6.34-.43Zm41.11,0c1.29-.29,2.25-1.01,2.88-2.16,.62-1.15,.93-3.02,.93-5.62v-31.1c0-11.43-3.7-17.14-11.09-17.14-4.23,0-7.99,1.85-11.3,5.54-3.31,3.7-5.35,9.77-6.12,18.21l-1.58-9.79c1.63-6.53,4.32-11.38,8.06-14.55,3.74-3.17,8.26-4.75,13.54-4.75,6.34,0,11.4,1.78,15.19,5.33,3.79,3.55,5.69,8.64,5.69,15.27v32.97c0,2.59,.36,4.46,1.08,5.62,.72,1.15,1.75,1.87,3.1,2.16,1.34,.29,3.41,.43,6.19,.43v3.31c-3.55-.19-9.07-.29-16.56-.29-4.9,0-10.32,.09-16.27,.29v-3.31c2.88,0,4.97-.14,6.26-.43Z"></path> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M242.06,353.45c-4.66-2.74-8.26-6.6-10.8-11.59-2.54-4.99-3.82-10.75-3.82-17.28,0-6.05,1.27-11.62,3.82-16.71,2.54-5.09,5.97-9.12,10.29-12.09s9.07-4.46,14.26-4.46,10.17,1.3,14.4,3.89c4.22,2.59,7.51,6.19,9.86,10.8s3.53,9.79,3.53,15.55v.87h-46.8v-4.04h40.89l-7.05,3.46c-.2-9.6-1.42-16.46-3.67-20.59-2.26-4.13-5.98-6.2-11.16-6.2s-9.1,2.36-11.45,7.06c-2.35,4.7-3.53,12.19-3.53,22.46,0,7.11,.57,12.77,1.73,16.99,1.15,4.23,2.98,7.27,5.47,9.14,2.5,1.88,5.9,2.81,10.22,2.81,6.14,0,10.94-1.87,14.4-5.61,3.46-3.75,5.62-8.88,6.48-15.41h4.03c-.96,8.06-3.7,14.26-8.21,18.58-4.52,4.32-10.13,6.48-16.85,6.48-6.05,0-11.4-1.37-16.06-4.1Z"></path> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M319.61,352.8h3.02c4.61,0,8.47-1.59,11.59-4.75,3.12-3.17,4.68-8.06,4.68-14.69v-73.73h3.89l.58,73.73c.1,6.34,1.7,11.16,4.82,14.47,3.12,3.31,7.75,4.97,13.9,4.97h5.33v3.6c-7.88-.29-15.84-.43-23.91-.43s-15.94,.14-23.9,.43v-3.6Zm22.32-85.25l-1.44-1.15c-2.3-3.26-4.44-5.38-6.41-6.34-1.97-.96-4.82-1.44-8.57-1.44h-5.33v-3.6c4.32,.2,9.46,.29,15.41,.29,7.39,0,12.57-.05,15.55-.14l50.69,76.46-2.02,6.34-.43-59.91c-.1-6.34-1.71-11.16-4.82-14.47-3.12-3.31-7.71-4.97-13.75-4.97h-4.46v-3.6c7.68,.29,15.36,.43,23.04,.43s15.46-.14,23.04-.43v3.6h-2.16c-4.71,0-8.62,1.58-11.74,4.75-3.12,3.17-4.68,8.07-4.68,14.69v78.91h-2.88l-59.04-89.43Z"></path> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M424.51,353.52c-3.31-2.69-4.97-6.72-4.97-12.09,0-4.13,1.25-7.63,3.74-10.51,2.5-2.88,6.29-5.19,11.38-6.91,7.78-2.69,16.13-5.23,25.06-7.63v3.17l-14.98,6.34c-4.23,1.82-7.34,4.06-9.36,6.7-2.02,2.64-3.03,5.88-3.03,9.72,0,3.36,.74,5.9,2.23,7.63,1.49,1.73,3.67,2.59,6.55,2.59s5.69-1.01,8.14-3.02c2.45-2.02,4.34-4.66,5.69-7.92,1.34-3.26,2.02-6.62,2.02-10.08v-19.3c0-5.57-1.03-9.74-3.09-12.53-2.07-2.78-5.35-4.18-9.87-4.18-4.13,0-7.68,.84-10.66,2.52-2.98,1.68-4.99,4.01-6.05,6.98l-.43-3.17c1.25-.48,2.59-.72,4.03-.72,2.11,0,3.86,.65,5.26,1.94,1.39,1.3,2.09,3,2.09,5.11s-.67,3.96-2.02,5.26c-1.35,1.29-3.12,1.94-5.33,1.94-2.4,0-4.3-.72-5.69-2.16-1.39-1.44-2.09-3.41-2.09-5.9s.89-5.11,2.66-7.56c1.78-2.45,4.41-4.46,7.92-6.05,3.5-1.58,7.65-2.38,12.46-2.38,15.46,0,23.18,7.01,23.18,21.02v28.8c0,3.94,.29,6.62,.87,8.06,.57,1.44,1.58,2.16,3.02,2.16,1.73,0,2.95-1.25,3.67-3.74s1.17-6.43,1.37-11.81h3.46c-.1,7.97-1.15,13.51-3.17,16.63s-5.23,4.68-9.65,4.68c-4.13,0-7.15-1.23-9.07-3.67-1.92-2.45-2.88-6.6-2.88-12.46l2.16-3.74c-1.25,6.91-3.74,12.02-7.49,15.34-3.74,3.31-8.3,4.96-13.68,4.96-5.66,0-10.15-1.34-13.46-4.03Z"></path> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M522.07,292.75v4.89l-18.43-1.15h-20.3v-3.89c6.24-.19,10.92-2.71,14.04-7.56,3.12-4.84,5.21-11.25,6.27-19.22h3.31v76.32c0,3.46,.55,6,1.66,7.63,1.1,1.63,2.85,2.45,5.25,2.45,3.26,0,5.52-1.58,6.77-4.75,1.25-3.17,1.87-8.73,1.87-16.7h3.46c0,6.82-.5,12.14-1.51,15.98s-2.64,6.6-4.9,8.28c-2.26,1.68-5.45,2.52-9.57,2.52-4.9,0-8.76-1.34-11.59-4.03s-4.2-6.29-4.1-10.8l.57-49.96h27.22Z"></path> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M538.49,352.66c1.44-.29,2.52-1.01,3.24-2.16s1.08-3.02,1.08-5.62v-35.57c0-3.55-.31-6.19-.94-7.92-.63-1.73-1.68-2.9-3.17-3.53-1.49-.62-3.67-1.03-6.55-1.22v-3.31l22.03-1.15,1.3,.86c-.19,3.36-.29,8.93-.29,16.71v35.13c0,2.59,.38,4.46,1.15,5.62,.77,1.15,1.87,1.87,3.31,2.16,1.44,.29,3.65,.43,6.62,.43v3.31c-3.75-.19-9.5-.29-17.28-.29-6.91,0-12.67,.09-17.28,.29v-3.31c3.07,0,5.33-.14,6.77-.43Zm3.6-79.49c-1.63-1.63-2.45-3.55-2.45-5.76s.81-4.13,2.45-5.76c1.63-1.63,3.55-2.45,5.76-2.45s4.13,.82,5.76,2.45c1.63,1.63,2.45,3.55,2.45,5.76s-.82,4.12-2.45,5.76c-1.63,1.63-3.55,2.45-5.76,2.45s-4.13-.82-5.76-2.45Z"></path> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M585.72,353.23c-4.61-2.88-8.21-6.84-10.8-11.88-2.59-5.04-3.89-10.68-3.89-16.92s1.34-11.59,4.03-16.63c2.69-5.04,6.34-9.05,10.94-12.02s9.65-4.46,15.12-4.46,10.51,1.49,15.12,4.46c4.61,2.98,8.25,7.01,10.94,12.09,2.69,5.09,4.03,10.61,4.03,16.56s-1.32,11.88-3.96,16.92c-2.64,5.04-6.24,9-10.8,11.88-4.56,2.88-9.67,4.32-15.34,4.32s-10.8-1.44-15.41-4.32Zm27.86-6.91c2.83-4.99,4.25-12.29,4.25-21.89,0-10.18-1.34-17.62-4.03-22.32s-6.91-7.06-12.67-7.06-9.98,2.36-12.67,7.06-4.03,12.14-4.03,22.32c0,9.6,1.41,16.89,4.25,21.89,2.83,4.99,6.98,7.49,12.46,7.49s9.62-2.5,12.46-7.49Z"></path> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M643.18,352.66c1.34-.29,2.35-1.01,3.02-2.16,.67-1.15,1.01-3.02,1.01-5.62v-35.57c0-3.46-.31-6.07-.94-7.85-.62-1.78-1.61-2.98-2.95-3.6-1.34-.62-3.36-1.03-6.05-1.22v-3.31l21.46-1.15,1.15,.86c-.48,5.38-.82,10.95-1.01,16.71h.72v35.13c0,2.59,.34,4.46,1.01,5.62s1.66,1.87,2.95,2.16c1.29,.29,3.33,.43,6.12,.43v3.31c-3.55-.19-8.98-.29-16.27-.29-5.09,0-10.61,.09-16.56,.29v-3.31c2.88,0,4.99-.14,6.34-.43Zm41.11,0c1.3-.29,2.25-1.01,2.88-2.16,.62-1.15,.94-3.02,.94-5.62v-31.1c0-11.43-3.7-17.14-11.09-17.14-4.22,0-7.99,1.85-11.3,5.54-3.31,3.7-5.35,9.77-6.12,18.21l-1.58-9.79c1.63-6.53,4.32-11.38,8.06-14.55,3.74-3.17,8.25-4.75,13.54-4.75,6.34,0,11.4,1.78,15.19,5.33s5.69,8.64,5.69,15.27v32.97c0,2.59,.36,4.46,1.08,5.62,.72,1.15,1.75,1.87,3.1,2.16,1.34,.29,3.41,.43,6.19,.43v3.31c-3.55-.19-9.07-.29-16.56-.29-4.89,0-10.32,.09-16.27,.29v-3.31c2.88,0,4.97-.14,6.26-.43Z"></path> <path class="nation-small__b" d="M720.94,354.82c-1.63-1.63-2.45-3.55-2.45-5.76s.82-4.12,2.45-5.76c1.63-1.63,3.55-2.45,5.76-2.45s4.13,.82,5.76,2.45,2.45,3.55,2.45,5.76-.82,4.13-2.45,5.76-3.55,2.45-5.76,2.45-4.13-.82-5.76-2.45Z"></path> </svg> </a> </li> <li class="header__utility-menu-item sub_link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448201"> <a class="header__utility-link" target="" href="https://subscriptions.thenation.com/init.do?pk=G1A1FDF&omedasite=Nation_index" data-text="Subscribe">Subscribe</a> </li> <li class="header__utility-menu-item menu-item show-in-menu" id="login_status"> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/login/" class="header__utility-link">Log In</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <button id="searchToggle" class="search-icon" type="button" aria-controls="searchbar" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Open Search Bar"> <svg class="search-icon-svg" viewBox="0 0 22 23" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"> <circle cx="9" cy="9" r="8" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> <path d="M14.0999 15L21.1001 22" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> </svg> <svg id="closeIcon" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"> <line x1="1.50627" y1="22.8995" x2="22.7195" y2="1.68629" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> <line y1="-1" x2="30" y2="-1" transform="matrix(-0.707107 -0.707107 -0.707107 0.707107 22.2134 23.6066)" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> </svg> </button> </div> </div> <div id="searchbar" class="header__searchbar" aria-label="search bar"> <div class="container"> <form action="https://www.thenation.com" role="search" method="get" id="search" name="search"> <div class="field search-text"> <label class="hidden" for="search-input">Search</label> <input id="search-input" name="s" type="text" placeholder="Search" /> <button type="submit" id="searchbar-submit" value="Search" aria-label="submit search"> <svg class="search-icon-svg" viewBox="0 0 22 23" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"> <circle cx="9" cy="9" r="8" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> <path d="M14.0999 15L21.1001 22" stroke="white" stroke-width="2"/> </svg> </button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div id="mainMenu" class="menu" aria-label="Main Menu"> <div class="menu__container"> <div class="menu__row"> <div class="menu__col"> <nav class="menu__main"> <ul> <li class="menu__main-item sub_link menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448213"> <a class="menu__main-link" target="" href="https://subscriptions.thenation.com/init.do?pk=G1A1FDF&omedasite=Nation_index" data-text="Subscribe">Subscribe</a> </li> <li class="menu__main-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448214"> <a class="menu__main-link" target="" href="https://thenation.com/donate-website/?sourceid=1020082" data-text="Donate">Donate</a> </li> <li class="menu__main-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448215"> <a class="menu__main-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/issue/december-2024-issue/" data-text="Magazine">Magazine</a> </li> <li class="menu__main-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448358"> <a class="menu__main-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/latest/" data-text="Latest">Latest</a> </li> <li class="menu__main-item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448216"> <a class="menu__main-link" target="" href="/issue/" data-text="Archive">Archive</a> </li> <li class="menu__main-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448218"> <a class="menu__main-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/podcasts/" data-text="Podcasts">Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="menu__main-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448219"> <a class="menu__main-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/newsletter/" data-text="Newsletters">Newsletters</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="menu__col"> <h6 class="menu__col-title">Sections</h6> <nav class="menu__sub menu__sections"> <ul> <li class="menu__sub-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448225"> <a class="menu__sub-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/politics/" data-text="Politics">Politics</a> </li> <li class="menu__sub-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448226"> <a class="menu__sub-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/world/" data-text="World">World</a> </li> <li class="menu__sub-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448227"> <a class="menu__sub-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/economy/" data-text="Economy">Economy</a> </li> <li class="menu__sub-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448230"> <a class="menu__sub-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/culture/" data-text="Culture">Culture</a> </li> <li class="menu__sub-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448372"> <a class="menu__sub-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/books-and-the-arts/" data-text="Books &#038; the Arts">Books &#038; the Arts</a> </li> </ul> </nav> <h6 class="menu__col-title">The Nation</h6> <nav class="menu__sub"> <ul> <li class="menu__sub-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448221"> <a class="menu__sub-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/about-us-and-contact/" data-text="About">About</a> </li> <li class="menu__sub-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448222"> <a class="menu__sub-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/events/" data-text="Events">Events</a> </li> <li class="menu__sub-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448223"> <a class="menu__sub-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/contact-us/" data-text="Contact Us">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="menu__sub-item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448224"> <a class="menu__sub-link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/advertise/" data-text="Advertise">Advertise</a> </li> </ul> </nav> </div> <div class="menu__col menu__col--issue"> <h6 class="menu__col-title">Current Issue</h6> <a class="menu__col-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/issue/december-2024-issue/" aria-label="View the current issue: December 2024 Issue"><img src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cover1224.jpg" alt="Cover of December 2024 Issue" class="menu__current-issue"/></a> </div> </div> <a href="https://www.thenation.com" class="menu__logo max-md:hidden" aria-label="Go to The Nation homepage"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <svg id="a" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="74.9 254.45 642.22 103.1" alt="the nation logo"> <defs> <style>.nation-large__b{fill:#fff;}</style> </defs> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M119.23,255.32c14.69,0,28.51,0,43.2-.29l1.15,38.59h-2.59c-2.45-11.23-7.78-25.48-15.98-31.68-5.04-3.89-9.07-4.03-13.96-4.03h-23.61c-4.89,0-8.93,.14-13.97,4.03-8.21,6.19-13.53,20.45-15.98,31.68h-2.59l1.15-38.59c14.69,.29,28.51,.29,43.19,.29Zm-14.4,98.2c6.48-.43,7.05-4.32,7.05-10.8v-86.25h14.69v86.25c0,6.48,.58,10.37,7.05,10.8,4.32,.29,8.64,.29,12.67,.29v2.59c-8.93-.29-18-.29-27.07-.29s-18.14,0-27.07,.29v-2.59c4.03,0,8.35,0,12.67-.29Z"></path> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M173.95,345.88v-72.43c0-13.39-2.3-15.12-9.65-15.55v-2.3l21.6-1.15,.87,.57c-.29,4.04-.43,8.07-.43,15.55v23.04l-.58,17.57,.58,1.01v33.69c0,7.92,3.02,8.21,10.08,8.21v2.3c-5.33-.29-10.8-.29-16.27-.29s-11.81,.14-16.27,.29v-2.3c7.49,0,10.08-.29,10.08-8.21Zm40.03,0v-33.12c0-11.52-3.46-17.13-10.66-17.13s-15.26,5.18-16.99,23.76l-1.3-7.92c2.74-13.53,10.66-19.29,20.88-19.29,12.09,0,20.45,6.91,20.45,20.59v33.12c0,7.92,3.02,8.21,10.08,8.21v2.3c-5.33-.29-10.8-.29-16.27-.29s-11.81,.14-16.27,.29v-2.3c7.48,0,10.08-.29,10.08-8.21Z"></path> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M238.61,325.01c0-17.85,12.53-32.83,27.79-32.83s27.21,12.53,27.21,29.66v.72h-45.79v-2.88h40.03l-7.05,2.45c-.29-19.29-4.32-27.36-14.4-27.36s-14.54,9.5-14.54,30.23,4.61,29.66,16.99,29.66,19.72-8.93,21.45-23.04h2.88c-2.02,17.28-11.66,25.91-24.48,25.91-17.85,0-30.09-13.25-30.09-32.54Z"></path> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M324.14,353.8h3.02c8.5,0,16.99-5.18,16.99-19.44v-74.73h2.74l.57,74.73c.14,12.67,6.77,19.44,19.15,19.44h5.33v2.59c-7.92-.29-15.98-.43-23.9-.43s-15.98,.14-23.9,.43v-2.59Zm22.32-86.25l-1.29-1.15c-4.75-7.05-8.06-8.78-15.12-8.78h-5.33v-2.59c6.48,.29,11.66,.29,15.4,.29s11.09,0,15.55-.14l50.68,76.46-1.44,6.33-.43-60.9c-.14-12.67-6.77-19.44-19.15-19.44h-4.46v-2.59c7.63,.29,15.41,.43,23.04,.43s15.41-.14,23.04-.43v2.59h-2.16c-8.5,0-16.99,5.18-16.99,19.44v79.91h-2.3l-59.03-89.41Z"></path> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M420.62,341.85c0-7.63,4.89-12.82,14.97-16.27,8.06-2.74,15.7-5.18,24.62-7.63v2.16l-14.83,6.34c-8.21,3.45-12.1,8.93-12.1,16.27s3.02,10.8,8.49,10.8c9.36,0,15.7-10.37,15.7-20.73v-20.73c0-10.95-3.89-16.7-12.81-16.7-7.92,0-14.4,3.6-16.56,9.5l-.58-2.02c1.15-.43,2.59-.86,4.46-.86,4.03,0,7.2,2.73,7.2,6.91s-2.88,7.2-7.2,7.2c-4.75,0-7.78-3.17-7.78-7.92,0-7.49,7.92-15.98,22.6-15.98s23.04,6.34,23.04,21.02v29.37c0,7.77,1.15,9.79,3.89,9.79,3.89,0,5.18-5.18,5.62-16.12h2.45c-.43,15.84-4.03,20.88-12.38,20.88s-11.95-4.18-11.95-15.7l1.44-3.6c-2.59,13.96-10.51,19.72-20.3,19.72-10.37,0-18-5.04-18-15.69Z"></path> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M518.54,293.62v3.74l-17.71-1.15h-19.87v-2.59c13.96-.58,19-13.1,20.88-26.93h2.3v76.45c0,6.91,1.87,10.08,6.62,10.08,6.91,0,8.93-5.76,8.93-22.46h2.45c0,20.16-3.6,26.78-15.41,26.78-9.36,0-15.41-5.76-15.26-14.83l.58-49.1h26.49Z"></path> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M536.54,345.88v-36.71c0-10.51-2.45-12.24-10.51-12.67v-2.3l22.32-1.15,.86,.58c-.29,5.04-.29,8.93-.29,16.99v35.28c0,7.92,3.31,8.21,10.94,8.21v2.3c-5.62-.29-11.38-.29-17.13-.29s-10.08,0-17.13,.29v-2.3c8.06,0,10.94-.29,10.94-8.21Zm-2.88-77.61c0-4.18,3.6-7.92,7.92-7.92s7.92,3.75,7.92,7.92-3.74,7.92-7.92,7.92-7.92-3.6-7.92-7.92Z"></path> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M561.74,324.86c0-17.85,13.39-32.68,29.52-32.68s29.52,14.83,29.52,32.68-12.81,32.68-29.52,32.68-29.52-14.25-29.52-32.68Zm45.79,0c0-21.31-4.75-30.09-16.27-30.09s-16.27,8.78-16.27,30.09c0,19.87,5.47,30.09,16.27,30.09s16.27-10.22,16.27-30.09Z"></path> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M633.6,345.88v-36.71c0-10.51-2.3-12.24-9.65-12.67v-2.3l21.45-1.15,.87,.58c-.43,5.04-.72,8.93-1.01,16.99h.72v35.28c0,7.92,3.02,8.21,10.08,8.21v2.3c-5.33-.29-10.8-.29-16.27-.29s-11.8,.14-16.27,.29v-2.3c7.49,0,10.08-.29,10.08-8.21Zm40.03,0v-33.12c0-11.52-3.46-17.13-10.65-17.13s-15.26,5.18-16.99,23.76l-1.3-7.92c2.74-13.53,10.66-19.29,20.88-19.29,12.09,0,20.45,6.91,20.45,20.59v33.12c0,7.92,3.02,8.21,10.08,8.21v2.3c-5.33-.29-10.8-.29-16.27-.29s-11.81,.14-16.27,.29v-2.3c7.49,0,10.08-.29,10.08-8.21Z"></path> <path class="nation-large__b" d="M701.28,349.34c0-4.18,3.6-7.92,7.92-7.92s7.92,3.74,7.92,7.92-3.74,7.92-7.92,7.92-7.92-3.6-7.92-7.92Z"></path> </svg> </a> <a href="https://www.thenation.com" class="menu__logo md:hidden" aria-label="Go to The Nation homepage"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><svg id="a" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="199.51 191.68 392.98 228.65" alt="the nation logo"> <defs> <style>.nation-mobile-logo__b{fill:#fff;}</style> </defs> <path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M244.86,192.54c14.69,0,28.51,0,43.2-.29l1.15,38.59h-2.59c-2.45-11.23-7.78-25.48-15.98-31.68-5.04-3.89-9.07-4.03-13.96-4.03h-23.61c-4.89,0-8.93,.14-13.97,4.03-8.21,6.19-13.53,20.45-15.98,31.68h-2.59l1.15-38.59c14.69,.29,28.51,.29,43.19,.29Zm-14.4,98.2c6.48-.43,7.05-4.32,7.05-10.8v-86.25h14.69v86.25c0,6.48,.58,10.37,7.05,10.8,4.32,.29,8.64,.29,12.67,.29v2.59c-8.93-.29-18-.29-27.07-.29s-18.14,0-27.07,.29v-2.59c4.03,0,8.35,0,12.67-.29Z"></path><path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M299.59,283.11v-72.43c0-13.39-2.3-15.12-9.65-15.55v-2.3l21.6-1.15,.87,.57c-.29,4.04-.43,8.07-.43,15.55v23.04l-.58,17.57,.58,1.01v33.69c0,7.92,3.02,8.21,10.08,8.21v2.3c-5.33-.29-10.8-.29-16.27-.29s-11.81,.14-16.27,.29v-2.3c7.49,0,10.08-.29,10.08-8.21Zm40.03,0v-33.12c0-11.52-3.46-17.13-10.66-17.13s-15.26,5.18-16.99,23.76l-1.3-7.92c2.74-13.53,10.66-19.29,20.88-19.29,12.09,0,20.45,6.91,20.45,20.59v33.12c0,7.92,3.02,8.21,10.08,8.21v2.3c-5.33-.29-10.8-.29-16.27-.29s-11.81,.14-16.27,.29v-2.3c7.48,0,10.08-.29,10.08-8.21Z"></path> <path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M364.25,262.23c0-17.85,12.53-32.83,27.79-32.83s27.21,12.53,27.21,29.66v.72h-45.79v-2.88h40.03l-7.05,2.45c-.29-19.29-4.32-27.36-14.4-27.36s-14.54,9.5-14.54,30.23,4.61,29.66,16.99,29.66,19.72-8.93,21.45-23.04h2.88c-2.02,17.28-11.66,25.91-24.48,25.91-17.85,0-30.09-13.25-30.09-32.54Z"></path> <path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M199.51,416.58h3.02c8.5,0,16.99-5.18,16.99-19.44v-74.73h2.74l.57,74.73c.14,12.67,6.77,19.44,19.15,19.44h5.33v2.59c-7.92-.29-15.98-.43-23.9-.43s-15.98,.14-23.9,.43v-2.59Zm22.32-86.25l-1.29-1.15c-4.75-7.05-8.06-8.78-15.12-8.78h-5.33v-2.59c6.48,.29,11.66,.29,15.4,.29s11.09,0,15.55-.14l50.68,76.46-1.44,6.33-.43-60.9c-.14-12.67-6.77-19.44-19.15-19.44h-4.46v-2.59c7.63,.29,15.41,.43,23.04,.43s15.41-.14,23.04-.43v2.59h-2.16c-8.5,0-16.99,5.18-16.99,19.44v79.91h-2.3l-59.03-89.41Z"></path> <path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M295.99,404.63c0-7.63,4.89-12.82,14.97-16.27,8.06-2.74,15.7-5.18,24.62-7.63v2.16l-14.83,6.34c-8.21,3.45-12.1,8.93-12.1,16.27s3.02,10.8,8.49,10.8c9.36,0,15.7-10.37,15.7-20.73v-20.73c0-10.95-3.89-16.7-12.81-16.7-7.92,0-14.4,3.6-16.56,9.5l-.58-2.02c1.15-.43,2.59-.86,4.46-.86,4.03,0,7.2,2.73,7.2,6.91s-2.88,7.2-7.2,7.2c-4.75,0-7.78-3.17-7.78-7.92,0-7.49,7.92-15.98,22.6-15.98s23.04,6.34,23.04,21.02v29.37c0,7.77,1.15,9.79,3.89,9.79,3.89,0,5.18-5.18,5.62-16.12h2.45c-.43,15.84-4.03,20.88-12.38,20.88s-11.95-4.18-11.95-15.7l1.44-3.6c-2.59,13.96-10.51,19.72-20.3,19.72-10.37,0-18-5.04-18-15.69Z"></path> <path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M393.91,356.4v3.74l-17.71-1.15h-19.87v-2.59c13.96-.58,19-13.1,20.88-26.93h2.3v76.45c0,6.91,1.87,10.08,6.62,10.08,6.91,0,8.93-5.76,8.93-22.46h2.45c0,20.16-3.6,26.78-15.41,26.78-9.36,0-15.41-5.76-15.26-14.83l.58-49.1h26.49Z"></path> <path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M411.91,408.66v-36.71c0-10.51-2.45-12.24-10.51-12.67v-2.3l22.32-1.15,.86,.58c-.29,5.04-.29,8.93-.29,16.99v35.28c0,7.92,3.31,8.21,10.94,8.21v2.3c-5.62-.29-11.38-.29-17.13-.29s-10.08,0-17.13,.29v-2.3c8.06,0,10.94-.29,10.94-8.21Zm-2.88-77.61c0-4.18,3.6-7.92,7.92-7.92s7.92,3.75,7.92,7.92-3.74,7.92-7.92,7.92-7.92-3.6-7.92-7.92Z"></path> <path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M437.11,387.64c0-17.85,13.39-32.68,29.52-32.68s29.52,14.83,29.52,32.68-12.81,32.68-29.52,32.68-29.52-14.25-29.52-32.68Zm45.79,0c0-21.31-4.75-30.09-16.27-30.09s-16.27,8.78-16.27,30.09c0,19.87,5.47,30.09,16.27,30.09s16.27-10.22,16.27-30.09Z"></path> <path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M508.97,408.66v-36.71c0-10.51-2.3-12.24-9.65-12.67v-2.3l21.45-1.15,.87,.58c-.43,5.04-.72,8.93-1.01,16.99h.72v35.28c0,7.92,3.02,8.21,10.08,8.21v2.3c-5.33-.29-10.8-.29-16.27-.29s-11.8,.14-16.27,.29v-2.3c7.49,0,10.08-.29,10.08-8.21Zm40.03,0v-33.12c0-11.52-3.46-17.13-10.65-17.13s-15.26,5.18-16.99,23.76l-1.3-7.92c2.74-13.53,10.66-19.29,20.88-19.29,12.09,0,20.45,6.91,20.45,20.59v33.12c0,7.92,3.02,8.21,10.08,8.21v2.3c-5.33-.29-10.8-.29-16.27-.29s-11.81,.14-16.27,.29v-2.3c7.49,0,10.08-.29,10.08-8.21Z"></path> <path class="nation-mobile-logo__b" d="M576.65,412.11c0-4.18,3.6-7.92,7.92-7.92s7.92,3.74,7.92,7.92-3.74,7.92-7.92,7.92-7.92-3.6-7.92-7.92Z"></path> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </header> <section id="content" role="main" class="content-wrapper"> <div class="container archive__hero "> <div class="archive__hero-row"> <div class="archive__hero-content"> <h1>Q&A</h1> </div> </div> </div> <div class="wrapper "> <div class="content-wrapper"> <article class="archive-lander main-content"> <div class="content"> <section class="archive__columns"> <div class="container"> <div class="archive__column archive__column--list"> <div id="archiveList" class="archive__list"> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/bernie-sanders-working-class-candidates-challenge-both-parties/" aria-label="Bernie Sanders: We Need More Working-Class Candidates to Challenge Both Parties"> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2180748446.jpg 1440w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2180748446-275x173.jpg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2180748446-768x484.jpg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2180748446-810x510.jpg 810w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2180748446-340x215.jpg 340w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2180748446-168x106.jpg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2180748446-382x240.jpg 382w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2180748446-793x500.jpg 793w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-2180748446.jpg" alt="Bernie Sanders: We Need More Working-Class Candidates to Challenge Both Parties" /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">Bernie Sanders: We Need More Working-Class Candidates to Challenge Both Parties</span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/bernie-sanders-working-class-candidates-challenge-both-parties/"> Bernie Sanders: We Need More Working-Class Candidates to Challenge Both Parties </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> The senator says in this exclusive interview that challengers to status quo politics can run in Democratic primaries or as independents. </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Nov 26, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" class="collections__label">Q&amp;A</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/john-nichols/">John Nichols</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/environment/cop29-lidy-nacpil-pay-up-baku-interview/" aria-label="Rich Countries Must Pay Up or Humanity Will Pay the Price"> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cop29-baku-pay-up-getty.jpg 1440w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cop29-baku-pay-up-getty-275x173.jpg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cop29-baku-pay-up-getty-768x484.jpg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cop29-baku-pay-up-getty-810x510.jpg 810w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cop29-baku-pay-up-getty-340x215.jpg 340w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cop29-baku-pay-up-getty-168x106.jpg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cop29-baku-pay-up-getty-382x240.jpg 382w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cop29-baku-pay-up-getty-793x500.jpg 793w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/cop29-baku-pay-up-getty.jpg" alt="Activists, including one holding a piece of paper with “Pay Up!” written on it, in reference to demands for climate finance for developing countries, arrive to attend the “People’s Plenary on day 10 at the UNFCCC COP29 Climate Conference on November 21, 2024, in Baku, Azerbaijan." /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">Rich Countries Must Pay Up or Humanity Will Pay the Price</span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/environment/cop29-lidy-nacpil-pay-up-baku-interview/"> Rich Countries Must Pay Up or Humanity Will Pay the Price </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> The climate activist Lidy Nacpil says the climate bill owed to developing nations is in the “trillions, not billions.” </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Nov 25, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" class="collections__label">Q&amp;A</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/carol-schaeffer/">Carol Schaeffer</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/activism/kim-wilson-maya-schenwar-interview/" aria-label="How Love Fuels Resistance: Parenting for Liberation"> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/maya-kim-cover-129kb.jpg 1440w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/maya-kim-cover-129kb-275x173.jpg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/maya-kim-cover-129kb-768x484.jpg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/maya-kim-cover-129kb-810x510.jpg 810w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/maya-kim-cover-129kb-340x215.jpg 340w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/maya-kim-cover-129kb-168x106.jpg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/maya-kim-cover-129kb-382x240.jpg 382w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/maya-kim-cover-129kb-793x500.jpg 793w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/maya-kim-cover-129kb.jpg" alt="Maya Schenwar (left) and Kim Wilson." /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">How Love Fuels Resistance: Parenting for Liberation</span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/activism/kim-wilson-maya-schenwar-interview/"> How Love Fuels Resistance: Parenting for Liberation </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> Maya Schenwar and Kim Wilson discuss their new anthology, We Grow the World Together, about how caregiving and the organizing work of abolitionists can go hand in hand. </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Nov 19, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" class="collections__label">Q&amp;A</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/regina-mahone/">Regina Mahone</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/environment/athanasiou-interview-climate-justice/" aria-label="Climate Realism (Still) Means Climate Justice"> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/tom-athanasiou-portrait.jpg 1450w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/tom-athanasiou-portrait-275x173.jpg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/tom-athanasiou-portrait-768x480.jpg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/tom-athanasiou-portrait-168x106.jpg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/tom-athanasiou-portrait-382x240.jpg 382w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/tom-athanasiou-portrait.jpg" alt="Climate Realism (Still) Means Climate Justice" /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">Climate Realism (Still) Means Climate Justice</span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/environment/athanasiou-interview-climate-justice/"> Climate Realism (Still) Means Climate Justice </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> An interview with Tom Athanasiou on where climate geopolitics goes from here, and why unlocking trillions in climate finance is an “existential necessity.” </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Nov 15, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" class="collections__label">Q&amp;A</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/wen-stephenson/">Wen Stephenson</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/culture/chris-kraus-anna-poletti-interview/" aria-label="Possibility, Force, and BDSM: A Conversation With Chris Kraus and Anna Poletti"> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-82581110.jpeg 1440w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-82581110-275x173.jpeg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-82581110-768x484.jpeg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-82581110-810x510.jpeg 810w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-82581110-340x215.jpeg 340w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-82581110-168x106.jpeg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-82581110-382x240.jpeg 382w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-82581110-793x500.jpeg 793w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-82581110.jpeg" alt="Possibility, Force, and BDSM: A Conversation With Chris Kraus and Anna Poletti" /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">Possibility, Force, and BDSM: A Conversation With Chris Kraus and Anna Poletti</span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/culture/chris-kraus-anna-poletti-interview/"> Possibility, Force, and BDSM: A Conversation With Chris Kraus and Anna Poletti </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> The two writers discuss the challenges of writing about sex, loneliness, and the new ways novels can tackle BDSM. </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Nov 13, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/books-and-the-arts/" class="collections__label">Books &amp; the Arts</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/chris-kraus/">Chris Kraus</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/bill-fletcher-interview/" aria-label="How We Can Defend Ourselves in the New Trump Era"> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Bill-Fletcher.jpg 1440w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Bill-Fletcher-275x173.jpg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Bill-Fletcher-768x484.jpg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Bill-Fletcher-810x510.jpg 810w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Bill-Fletcher-340x215.jpg 340w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Bill-Fletcher-168x106.jpg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Bill-Fletcher-382x240.jpg 382w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Bill-Fletcher-793x500.jpg 793w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/Bill-Fletcher.jpg" alt="How We Can Defend Ourselves in the New Trump Era" /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">How We Can Defend Ourselves in the New Trump Era</span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/bill-fletcher-interview/"> How We Can Defend Ourselves in the New Trump Era </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> The labor organizer Bill Fletcher says that, to protect our constitutional democracy, “the union movement needs to become an anti-fascist movement.” </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Nov 7, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" class="collections__label">Q&amp;A</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/dave-zirin/">Dave Zirin</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/culture/claire-bishop-art-social-media-interview/" aria-label="Looking at Art Will Never Be the Same Again "> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-1180326041.jpeg 1440w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-1180326041-275x173.jpeg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-1180326041-768x484.jpeg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-1180326041-810x510.jpeg 810w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-1180326041-340x215.jpeg 340w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-1180326041-168x106.jpeg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-1180326041-382x240.jpeg 382w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-1180326041-793x500.jpeg 793w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/GettyImages-1180326041.jpeg" alt="Looking at Art Will Never Be the Same Again " /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">Looking at Art Will Never Be the Same Again </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/culture/claire-bishop-art-social-media-interview/"> Looking at Art Will Never Be the Same Again </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> A conversation with the art historian Claire Bishop about technology's influence on museums and galleries, and her recent book Disordered Attention. </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Nov 6, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/books-and-the-arts/" class="collections__label">Books &amp; the Arts</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/francesca-billington/">Francesca Billington</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/how-to-watch-election-night-like-an-expert/" aria-label="How to Watch Election Night Like an Expert"> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/harris-trump.jpg 1440w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/harris-trump-275x173.jpg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/harris-trump-768x484.jpg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/harris-trump-810x510.jpg 810w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/harris-trump-340x215.jpg 340w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/harris-trump-168x106.jpg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/harris-trump-382x240.jpg 382w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/harris-trump-793x500.jpg 793w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/harris-trump.jpg" alt="Kamala Harris and Donald Trump." /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">How to Watch Election Night Like an Expert</span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/how-to-watch-election-night-like-an-expert/"> How to Watch Election Night Like an Expert </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> Everyone’s favorite wonk Josh Cohen tells us what he’ll be watching for when the polls close tonight. </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Nov 5, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" class="collections__label">Q&amp;A</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/josh-cohen-2/">Joshua A. Cohen</a><span> and </span><a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/dd-guttenplan/">D.D. Guttenplan</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/nancy-pelosi-biden-legacy/" aria-label="Nancy Pelosi: Biden’s Legacy “Is Our Legacy”"> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Pelosi-QA.jpg 1440w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Pelosi-QA-275x173.jpg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Pelosi-QA-768x484.jpg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Pelosi-QA-810x510.jpg 810w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Pelosi-QA-340x215.jpg 340w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Pelosi-QA-168x106.jpg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Pelosi-QA-382x240.jpg 382w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Pelosi-QA-793x500.jpg 793w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/Pelosi-QA.jpg" alt="Nancy Pelosi: Biden’s Legacy “Is Our Legacy”" /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">Nancy Pelosi: Biden’s Legacy “Is Our Legacy”</span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/nancy-pelosi-biden-legacy/"> Nancy Pelosi: Biden’s Legacy “Is Our Legacy” </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> A conversation with the first woman speaker of the House about battling Republican extremists and making it possible for Democratic presidents to achieve epic victories. </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Nov 1, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" class="collections__label">Q&amp;A</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/john-nichols/">John Nichols</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="collections__card collections__card--inline"> <a class="collections__card-image-link" href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/tony-kushner-rachel-maddow-interview/" aria-label="Trumpism Is Not a “Rogue Wave”"> <img class="collections__card-image" srcset="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/wit-kushner-maddow.jpg 1440w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/wit-kushner-maddow-275x173.jpg 275w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/wit-kushner-maddow-768x484.jpg 768w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/wit-kushner-maddow-810x510.jpg 810w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/wit-kushner-maddow-340x215.jpg 340w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/wit-kushner-maddow-168x106.jpg 168w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/wit-kushner-maddow-382x240.jpg 382w, https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/wit-kushner-maddow-793x500.jpg 793w" src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/10/wit-kushner-maddow.jpg" alt="Journalist Rachel Maddow and playwright Tony Kushner interview each other at the Author Guild Foundation’s WIT Literary Festival on September 28, in Lenox, Massachusetts." /> </a> <div class="collections__card-content"> <h2 class="title"> <span class="sr-only">Trumpism Is Not a “Rogue Wave”</span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/article/politics/tony-kushner-rachel-maddow-interview/"> Trumpism Is Not a “Rogue Wave” </a> </h2> <p class="dek"> Tony Kushner and Rachel Maddow discuss the threats to US democracy and how art can help people see dangers on the horizon. </p> <p class="knockout "> <span class="collections__label ">Oct 29, 2024</span> <span class="collections__label collections__divider"> / </span> <a href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/" class="collections__label">Q&amp;A</a> <span class="collections__divider"> / </span> <a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/tony-kushner/">Tony Kushner</a><span> and </span><a class="collections__author" href="https://www.thenation.com/authors/rachel-maddow/">Rachel Maddow</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> <div class="archive-pagination"> <div> </div> <div class="archive-pagination__pages"> <a role="button" href="javascript:void(0)" data-page="1" class="page-number page-numbers current"><span class="sr-only">Go to archive page 1</span>1</a> <a role="button" href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/page/2/" data-page="2" class="page-number page-numbers"><span class="sr-only">Go to archive page 2</span>2</a> <a role="button" href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/page/3/" data-page="3" class="page-number page-numbers"><span class="sr-only">Go to archive page 3</span>3</a> <a role="button" href="javascript:void(0)" aria-hidden tabindex="0" data-page="&hellip;" class="dots">&hellip;</a> <a role="button" href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/page/41/" data-page="41" class="page-number page-numbers"><span class="sr-only">Go to archive page 41</span>41</a> </div> <div> <a role="button" href="https://www.thenation.com/content/q-a/page/2/" data-page="2" class="page-numbers next"><span class="sr-only">Go to next archive page</span>Next</a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="archive__column archive__column--siderail"> <aside aria-hidden="true" class="ad-block ad siderail-ad "> <div align="center" id="thenation_right_rail_Q&A" data-freestar-ad="___300x250 __300x600"> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript"> freestar.config.enabled_slots.push({ placementName: "thenation_right_rail", slotId: "thenation_right_rail_Q&A", targeting:{ tn_ptype: 'landing', tn_pos: 'rectangle_1', tn_loc:'atf' } }); </script> </div> <a href="http://www.thenation.com/advertising-policy" class="ad-policy" target="_blank">Ad Policy</a> </aside> </div> </div> </section> <section aria-hidden="true" class="ad fullwidth-ad contained row position-relative ad-block alignfull "> <!--Ad policy starts here--> <a href="http://www.thenation.com/advertising-policy" class="mid-ad-policy">Ad Policy</a> <!--Ad policy ends here--> <div class="ad-content"> <div align="center" id="thenation_incontent_archive_bottom" data-freestar-ad="__336x280 __970x250"> <script data-cfasync="false" type="text/javascript"> freestar.config.enabled_slots.push({ placementName: "thenation_incontent_1", slotId: "thenation_incontent_archive_bottom", targeting:{ tn_ptype: 'landing', tn_pos: 'leaderboard_2', tn_loc:'atf' } }); </script> </div> </div> </section> </div> </article> </div><!-- /content-wrapper --> </div> </section> <footer id="footer" class="footer"> <div class="footer__container"> <div class="footer__grid"> <div class="footer__top"> <div class="footer-col"> <h2 class="footer-col__title">Sections</h2> <ul class="footer-col__menu"> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-447761"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/politics/">Politics</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-447762"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/world/">World</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-447763"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/economy/">Economy</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-447764"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/culture/">Culture</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448371"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/books-and-the-arts/">Books &#038; the Arts</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448365"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/oppart/">OppArt</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448368"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/poetry/">Poetry</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-499301"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="/content/letters/">Letters</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-col"> <h2 class="footer-col__title">Magazine</h2> <ul class="footer-col__menu"> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448237"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/issue/december-2024-issue/">Current Issue</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448238"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/masthead/">Masthead</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448240"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="/issue/">Archive</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448241"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/subscription-services/">Subscription Services</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448242"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.parsintl.com/publications/the-nation/">Reprints</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-col"> <h2 class="footer-col__title">More</h2> <ul class="footer-col__menu"> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448244"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/about-us-and-contact/">About Us</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448245"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/contact-us/">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448246"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/advertise/">Advertise</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448248"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/events/">Nation Events</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448249"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://shop.thenation.com/">Nation Shop</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448250"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/travels/">Nation Travels</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448252"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/podcasts/">Nation Podcasts</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448253"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/newsletter/">Newsletters</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="footer-col"> <h2 class="footer-col__title">Follow</h2> <ul class="footer-col__menu"> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-447765"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.facebook.com/TheNationMagazine">Facebook</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-447766"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://twitter.com/thenation">Twitter</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-447767"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.instagram.com/nationmag/">Instagram</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-447768"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.youtube.com/c/thenation">YouTube</a> </li> <li class="footer-col__item caption menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-447769"> <a class="footer-col__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/feed/?post_type=article">RSS</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="footer__mid"> <div class="statement">Founded by abolitionists in 1865, The Nation has long believed that independent journalism has the capacity to bring about a more democratic and equitable world.</div> <a class="btn footer__cta" href="/donate-website/?sourceid=1020082">Donate</a> </div> <div class="footer__bottom"> <ul class="bottom-menu"> <li class="bottom-menu__item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448255"> <a class="bottom-menu__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/privacy-policy/">Privacy Policy</a> </li> <li class="bottom-menu__item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448256"> <a class="bottom-menu__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/terms-use/">Terms of Use</a> </li> <li class="bottom-menu__item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-499303"> <a class="bottom-menu__link" target="" href="/accessibility">Accessibility Statement</a> </li> <li class="bottom-menu__item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448258"> <a class="bottom-menu__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/help/">Help</a> </li> <li class="bottom-menu__item menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-448259"> <a class="bottom-menu__link" target="" href="https://www.thenation.com/jobs/">Careers</a> </li> <li class="bottom-menu__item menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-448260"> <a class="bottom-menu__link" target="" href="https://thenationfund.org/">Nation Fund</a> </li> </ul> <button id="pmLink">Privacy Manager</button> <div class="nation-logo"> <a href="https://www.thenation.com" aria-label="Go to The Nation homepage"> <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <svg id="nation_n" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="326.43 236.43 139.15 139.15"> <defs> <style>.nation-n__b{fill:#fff;}.nation-n__c{fill:#e8192b;}</style> </defs> <rect class="nation-n__b" x="326.43" y="236.43" width="139.15" height="139.15"></rect> <g> <path class="nation-n__c" d="M349.86,343.98h2.46c3.75,0,6.9-1.29,9.44-3.87,2.54-2.58,3.81-6.56,3.81-11.96v-60.02h3.16l.47,60.02c.08,5.16,1.39,9.08,3.93,11.78,2.54,2.7,6.31,4.04,11.31,4.04h4.34v2.93c-6.41-.23-12.89-.35-19.46-.35s-12.97,.12-19.46,.35v-2.93Zm18.17-69.4l-1.17-.94c-1.87-2.66-3.62-4.38-5.22-5.16-1.6-.78-3.93-1.17-6.98-1.17h-4.34v-2.93c3.52,.16,7.7,.24,12.54,.24,6.02,0,10.24-.04,12.66-.12l41.26,62.25-1.64,5.16-.35-48.77c-.08-5.16-1.39-9.08-3.93-11.78-2.54-2.7-6.27-4.04-11.2-4.04h-3.63v-2.93c6.25,.24,12.5,.35,18.76,.35s12.58-.12,18.76-.35v2.93h-1.76c-3.83,0-7.01,1.29-9.55,3.87-2.54,2.58-3.81,6.57-3.81,11.96v64.24h-2.35l-48.06-72.8Z"></path> <path class="nation-n__c" d="M429.77,345.62c-1.33-1.33-1.99-2.89-1.99-4.69s.66-3.36,1.99-4.69c1.33-1.33,2.89-1.99,4.69-1.99s3.36,.66,4.69,1.99,1.99,2.89,1.99,4.69-.66,3.36-1.99,4.69-2.89,1.99-4.69,1.99-3.36-.66-4.69-1.99Z"></path> </g> </svg> </a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div id="tp-meter" class="meerkat" style="position: fixed;bottom: 0;left: 0;z-index: 99999;-webkit-transition: bottom .5s;transition: bottom .5s;width: 100%;"></div> <div id="show_light_box"></div> <!-- Sailthru Popup --> <div class="tn-show-sfg-subs-popup hide"> <div class="tn-sfg-subs-popup"> <a href="javascript:void(0)" class="tn-sfg-subs-close">x</a> <iframe style="width:100%;height: 100%;" id="sfgIframe" src="" allowfullscreen></iframe> </div> <div class="tn-sfg-subs-overlay"></div> </div> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function(){ jQuery(document).on('click', '.tn-iframe-subscribe a', function(e){ e.preventDefault(); if (typeof thenation_globals != typeof undefined && thenation_globals.tn_paywall_sfgiframe != '') { if (jQuery("#sfgIframe").attr("src") == '') { jQuery("#sfgIframe").attr("src", thenation_globals.tn_paywall_sfgiframe); } jQuery(".tn-show-sfg-subs-popup").toggleClass("hide"); jQuery("body").css({"overflow":"hidden"}); } }); jQuery(document).on('click', '.tn-sfg-subs-close', function(e){ e.preventDefault(); jQuery(".tn-show-sfg-subs-popup").toggleClass("hide"); jQuery("body").css({"overflow":"unset"}); }); }); </script> <!-- Sailthru Popup --> <!-- Remove nc=1 starts here --> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function(){ /* * Initailize Piano */ tp.push(["init", function() { tp.enableGACrossDomainLinking(); tp.experience.init(); }]); var currentUrl = document.URL; if(currentUrl.indexOf("?nc=1") > -1){ currentUrl = currentUrl.replace("?nc=1",""); window.history.pushState({}, null, currentUrl); } if(currentUrl.indexOf("&nc=1") > -1){ currentUrl = currentUrl.replace("&nc=1",""); window.history.pushState({}, null, currentUrl); } jQuery(".wpsdc-drop-cap").parent("p").addClass("drop_c"); }); </script> <!-- Remove nc=1 ends here --> <script> /*subscribe sailthru function start*/ function susbcribe_sailthru(form_value){ var newsletterArray = new Array(); var firstname =''; var lastname =''; var zippostal =''; var user_email =''; jQuery(form_value).closest("form").find("input[name^='sft_variables']").each(function() { if (jQuery(this).attr("id")=="first_name") { firstname = jQuery(this).val(); } if (jQuery(this).attr("id")=="last_name") { lastname = jQuery(this).val(); } if (jQuery(this).attr("id")=="zip_postal-code") { zippostal = jQuery(this).val(); } if (jQuery(this).attr("id")=="email") { user_email = jQuery(this).val(); } }); jQuery(form_value).closest("form").find("input[name^='sft_newssletter_variables']").each(function() { newsletterArray.push(jQuery(this).attr("id")); }); var newsletter_variable=newsletterArray.join(","); var origin_host=document.location.origin; /*call popCenter*/ PopupCenter(origin_host+"/submit.php?form_value_fname_val="+firstname+"&form_value_lname_val="+lastname+"&form_value_zip_val="+zippostal+"&form_value_email_val="+user_email+"&email_newsletter="+newsletter_variable,'xtf','300','300'); jQuery(form_value).closest("form").find("input[name^='sft_variables']").each(function() { if (jQuery(this).attr("id")=="first_name") { jQuery(this).val(''); } if (jQuery(this).attr("id")=="last_name") { jQuery(this).val(''); } if (jQuery(this).attr("id")=="zip_postal-code") { jQuery(this).val(''); } if (jQuery(this).attr("id")=="email") { jQuery(this).val(''); } }); } /*subscribe sailthru function end*/ /*pop up function start*/ function PopupCenter(url, title, w, h) { /* Fixes dual-screen position Most browsers Firefox */ var dualScreenLeft = window.screenLeft != undefined ? window.screenLeft : screen.left; var dualScreenTop = window.screenTop != undefined ? window.screenTop : screen.top; var width = window.innerWidth ? window.innerWidth : document.documentElement.clientWidth ? document.documentElement.clientWidth : screen.width; var height = window.innerHeight ? window.innerHeight : document.documentElement.clientHeight ? document.documentElement.clientHeight : screen.height; var left = ((width / 2) - (w / 2)) + dualScreenLeft; var top = ((height / 2) - (h / 2)) + dualScreenTop; var newWindow = window.open(url, title, 'scrollbars=yes, width=' + w + ', height=' + h + ', top=' + top + ', left=' + left); /* Puts focus on the newWindow */ if (window.focus) { newWindow.focus(); } setTimeout(function () { newWindow.close();}, 5000); } /*pop up function end*/ </script> <!-- Piano Script --> <script> (function(src) { var a = document.createElement("script"); a.type = "text/javascript"; a.async = true; a.src = src; var b = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0]; b.parentNode.insertBefore(a, b) })("//experience.tinypass.com/xbuilder/experience/load?aid=NmGa4IzWHL"); /* Live url : //experience.tinypass.com/xbuilder/experience/load?aid=NmGa4IzWHL */ </script> <!-- Donation Footer --> <div id="tn-donation-footer"></div> <!-- Donation Footer --> <script> function getCookie(name){ var re = new RegExp(name + "=([^;]+)"); var value = re.exec(document.cookie); return (value != null) ? unescape(value[1]) : null; } var check_user_info = getCookie('SESSuserinfo'); if (check_user_info != null) { check_user_info = Base64.decode(check_user_info); check_user_info = JSON.parse(check_user_info); var user_roles = check_user_info.roles; if (user_roles.includes('subscriber') || user_roles.includes('premium_subscriber')) { //execute your jquery code. window.freestar.queue.push(function(){ window.freestar.newStickyFooter("thenation_adhesion_novideo"); }); } }else{ window.freestar.queue.push(function(){ window.freestar.newStickyFooter("thenation_adhesion_video"); }); } </script> <style type="text/css"></style> <script type="text/javascript" id="thickbox-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var thickboxL10n = {"next":"Next >","prev":"< Prev","image":"Image","of":"of","close":"Close","noiframes":"This feature requires inline frames. You have iframes disabled or your browser does not support them.","loadingAnimation":"https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-includes\/js\/thickbox\/loadingAnimation.gif"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-includes/js/thickbox/thickbox.js?ver=3.1-20121105" id="thickbox-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.4" id="underscore-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-util-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var _wpUtilSettings = {"ajax":{"url":"\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-includes/js/wp-util.min.js?ver=6.6.2" id="wp-util-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/plugins/ajax-password-protected-master/ajax-password-protected.js?ver=0.0.1" id="ajax-password-protected-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/plugins/the-nation-2023/build/index.js?ver=4da6ed083c1147a25c44" id="the-nation-index-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="thenation-magzine_ajax-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var ajax_object = {"ajax_url":"https:\/\/www.thenation.com\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/Magzine_issue_ajax.js?ver=1.0.7" id="thenation-magzine_ajax-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/light_box.js" id="thenation-lightbox-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="thenation-recaptcha-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var tn_recaptcha_details = {"site_key":"6LeP9_UZAAAAALS1EHTemzatNIX2xPAvIDXJS7ki"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LeP9_UZAAAAALS1EHTemzatNIX2xPAvIDXJS7ki&amp;onload=tnOnloadCallback&amp;render=explicit" id="thenation-recaptcha-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="thenation-all-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var thenation_globals = {"tn_paywall_sfgiframe":"https:\/\/subscribe.thenation.com\/flex\/na\/key\/G0A1TSA\/","tn_incognito_sub":"https:\/\/subscribe.thenation.com\/flex\/NA\/key\/G0EWCPM\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/javascripts/all.js?ver=2.2.39" id="thenation-all-js-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/min/modernizr.min.js" id="thenation-modernizr1-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/jquery.bxslider.js" id="bxslider-js-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/min/tn-piano.min.js?ver=3.2.23" id="tn-piano-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/min/thenation-mostpopular.min.js?ver=1.1.5" id="thenation-mostpopular-js"></script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/js/thenation-latest-from-the-nation.js?ver=1.1.2" id="thenation-latest_from_the_nation-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="sfg-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var sfg_options = {"enable_dash_options":"1"}; var sfg_options = {"enable_dash_options":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script src="https://www.thenation.com/wp-content/themes/thenation-2023/inc/sfg-subscription/assets/sfg.js?ver=3.1.20" id="sfg-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"442438c9d9","applicationID":"5436353","transactionName":"Z1JSYkYACEsAV0cKXV4YcVVACAlWTlVBAFpZQVU=","queueTime":0,"applicationTime":471,"atts":"SxVRFA4aG0U=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10