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id="toc-Early_life_and_education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_life_and_education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Early life and education</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_life_and_education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Early_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Early career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Travel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Travel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>Travel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Travel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_career" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_career"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Later career</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_career-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Work" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Work"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.1</span> <span>Work</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Work-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Death_and_legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Death_and_legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3.2</span> <span>Death and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Calculating_tangents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Calculating_tangents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Calculating tangents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Calculating_tangents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Publications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Publications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Publications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Publications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Isaac Barrow</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 46 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88" title="إسحاق بارو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسحاق بارو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0saak_Barrou" title="İsaak Barrou – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İsaak Barrou" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88" title="آیزاک بارو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="آیزاک بارو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8B" title="আইজাক ব্যারো – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আইজাক ব্যারো" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%B9%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BA_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Айзък Бароу – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Айзък Бароу" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A7%DA%A9_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88" title="آیزاک بارو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آیزاک بارو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7_%D7%91%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%95" title="אייזיק בארו – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אייזיק בארו" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%99_%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A3" title="ისააკ ბაროუ – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ისააკ ბაროუ" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaacus_Barrow" title="Isaacus Barrow – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Isaacus Barrow" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%90%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8B" title="ഐസക് ബാറോ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഐസക് ബാറോ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%82_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%88" title="اسحاق بارو – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اسحاق بارو" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B6%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BB%E3%83%90%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BC" title="アイザック・バロー – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アイザック・バロー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaak_Barrou" title="Isaak Barrou – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Isaak Barrou" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83,_%D0%98%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Барроу, Исаак – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Барроу, Исаак" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%98%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Ајзак Бароу – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ајзак Бароу" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BA_%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%83" title="Ісаак Барроу – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ісаак Барроу" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isaac_Barrow" title="Isaac Barrow – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Isaac Barrow" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E8%96%A9%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E5%B7%B4%E7%BE%85" title="伊薩克·巴羅 – Cantonese" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">English Christian theologian, and mathematician</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the mathematician. For his uncle, the bishop, see <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Barrow_(bishop)" title="Isaac Barrow (bishop)">Isaac Barrow (bishop)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-size: 77%; font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Reverend" title="The Reverend">The Reverend</a></div><div class="fn">Isaac Barrow</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Isaac_Barrow_by_Mary_Beale.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Isaac_Barrow_by_Mary_Beale.jpg/220px-Isaac_Barrow_by_Mary_Beale.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="286" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Isaac_Barrow_by_Mary_Beale.jpg/330px-Isaac_Barrow_by_Mary_Beale.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Isaac_Barrow_by_Mary_Beale.jpg/440px-Isaac_Barrow_by_Mary_Beale.jpg 2x" data-file-width="725" data-file-height="944" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Portrait of Barrow by <a href="/wiki/Mary_Beale" title="Mary Beale">Mary Beale</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">October 1630<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace">London, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">4 May 1677<span style="display:none">(1677-05-04)</span> (aged 46)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace">London, England</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nationality</th><td class="infobox-data category">English</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Felsted_School" title="Felsted School">Felsted School</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College, Cambridge</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Known for</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_calculus" title="Fundamental theorem of calculus">Fundamental theorem of calculus</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Optics" title="Optics">Optics</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"><b>Scientific career</b></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fields</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Mathematics" title="Mathematics">Mathematics</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Institutions</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College, Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gresham_College" title="Gresham College">Gresham College</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Academic advisors</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/James_Duport" title="James Duport">James Duport</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Notable students</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Notes</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="text-align: left;"><small>His mentor was <a href="/wiki/James_Duport" title="James Duport">James Duport</a> who was a classicist, but Barrow really learned his mathematics by working under <a href="/wiki/Gilles_Personne_de_Roberval" class="mw-redirect" title="Gilles Personne de Roberval">Gilles Personne de Roberval</a> in Paris and <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Viviani" title="Vincenzo Viviani">Vincenzo Viviani</a> in Florence.</small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Isaac Barrow</b> (October 1630 – 4 May 1677) was an English <a href="/wiki/Christian_theologian" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian theologian">Christian theologian</a> and mathematician who is generally given credit for his early role in the development of <a href="/wiki/Infinitesimal_calculus" class="mw-redirect" title="Infinitesimal calculus">infinitesimal calculus</a>; in particular, for proof of the <a href="/wiki/Fundamental_theorem_of_calculus" title="Fundamental theorem of calculus">fundamental theorem of calculus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-BarrowGeometricLectures_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BarrowGeometricLectures-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His work centered on the properties of the <a href="/wiki/Tangent" title="Tangent">tangent</a>; Barrow was the first to calculate the tangents of the <a href="/wiki/Kappa_curve" title="Kappa curve">kappa curve</a>. He is also notable for being the inaugural holder of the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Lucasian_Professor_of_Mathematics" title="Lucasian Professor of Mathematics">Lucasian Professorship of Mathematics</a>, a post later held by his student, <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_life_and_education">Early life and education</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early life and education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Barrow_-_Lectiones_habitae_in_scholiis_publicis_academiae_Cantabrigiensis_AD_1664,_1683_-_48461.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Barrow_-_Lectiones_habitae_in_scholiis_publicis_academiae_Cantabrigiensis_AD_1664%2C_1683_-_48461.jpg/220px-Barrow_-_Lectiones_habitae_in_scholiis_publicis_academiae_Cantabrigiensis_AD_1664%2C_1683_-_48461.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="361" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Barrow_-_Lectiones_habitae_in_scholiis_publicis_academiae_Cantabrigiensis_AD_1664%2C_1683_-_48461.jpg/330px-Barrow_-_Lectiones_habitae_in_scholiis_publicis_academiae_Cantabrigiensis_AD_1664%2C_1683_-_48461.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Barrow_-_Lectiones_habitae_in_scholiis_publicis_academiae_Cantabrigiensis_AD_1664%2C_1683_-_48461.jpg/440px-Barrow_-_Lectiones_habitae_in_scholiis_publicis_academiae_Cantabrigiensis_AD_1664%2C_1683_-_48461.jpg 2x" data-file-width="988" data-file-height="1623" /></a><figcaption><i>Lectiones habitae in scholiis publicis academiae Cantabrigiensis AD 1664</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Barrow was born in London. He was the son of Thomas Barrow, a linen <a href="/wiki/Draper" title="Draper">draper</a> by trade. In 1624, Thomas married Ann, daughter of William Buggin of North Cray, Kent and their son Isaac was born in 1630. It appears that Barrow was the only child of this union—certainly the only child to survive infancy. Ann died around 1634, and the widowed father sent the lad to his grandfather, Isaac, the Cambridgeshire J.P., who resided at <a href="/wiki/Spinney_Abbey" title="Spinney Abbey">Spinney Abbey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Within two years, however, Thomas remarried; the new wife was Katherine Oxinden, sister of Henry Oxinden of Maydekin, Kent. From this marriage, he had at least one daughter, Elizabeth (born 1641), and a son, Thomas, who apprenticed to Edward Miller, skinner, and won his release in 1647, emigrating to Barbados in 1680.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_career">Early career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Isaac went to school first at <a href="/wiki/Charterhouse_School" title="Charterhouse School">Charterhouse</a> (where he was so turbulent and pugnacious that his father was heard to pray that if it pleased God to take any of his children he could best spare Isaac), and subsequently to <a href="/wiki/Felsted_School" title="Felsted School">Felsted School</a>, where he settled and learned under the brilliant <a href="/wiki/Puritan" class="mw-redirect" title="Puritan">puritan</a> Headmaster Martin Holbeach who ten years previously had educated <a href="/wiki/John_Wallis" title="John Wallis">John Wallis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Having learnt Greek, Hebrew, Latin and logic at Felsted, in preparation for university studies,<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he continued his education at <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College, Cambridge</a>; he enrolled there because of an offer of support from an unspecified member of the <a href="/wiki/Walpole_family" title="Walpole family">Walpole family</a>, "an offer that was perhaps prompted by the Walpoles' sympathy for Barrow's adherence to the <a href="/wiki/Royalist" title="Royalist">Royalist</a> cause."<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His uncle and namesake <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Barrow_(bishop)" title="Isaac Barrow (bishop)">Isaac Barrow</a>, afterwards <a href="/wiki/Bishop_of_St_Asaph" title="Bishop of St Asaph">Bishop of St Asaph</a>, was a Fellow of <a href="/wiki/Peterhouse,_Cambridge" title="Peterhouse, Cambridge">Peterhouse</a>. He took to hard study, distinguishing himself in classics and mathematics; after taking his degree in 1648, he was elected to a fellowship in 1649.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Barrow received an MA from Cambridge in 1652 as a student of <a href="/wiki/James_Duport" title="James Duport">James Duport</a>; he then resided for a few years in college, and became candidate for the Greek Professorship at Cambridge, but in 1655 having refused to sign the <a href="/wiki/Engagement_controversy" title="Engagement controversy">Engagement to uphold the Commonwealth</a>, he obtained travel grants to go abroad.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Travel">Travel</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Travel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He spent the next four years travelling across France, Italy, Smyrna and Constantinople, and after many adventures returned to England in 1659. He was known for his courageousness. Particularly noted is the occasion of his having saved the ship he was upon, by the merits of his own prowess, from capture by <a href="/wiki/Pirate" class="mw-redirect" title="Pirate">pirates</a>. He is described as "low in stature, lean, and of a pale complexion," slovenly in his dress, and having a committed and long-standing habit of tobacco use (an <i><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/inveterate" class="extiw" title="wikt:inveterate">inveterate</a> smoker</i>). In respect to his courtly activities his aptitude to wit earned him favour with <a href="/wiki/Charles_II_of_England" title="Charles II of England">Charles II</a>, and the respect of his fellow courtiers. In his writings one might find accordingly, a sustained and somewhat stately eloquence. He was an altogether impressive personage of the time, having lived a blameless life in which he exercised his conduct with due care and conscientiousness.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_career">Later career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Work">Work</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Work"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On the <a href="/wiki/Restoration_(England)" class="mw-redirect" title="Restoration (England)">Restoration</a> in 1660, he was ordained and appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Regius_Professor_of_Greek_(Cambridge)" title="Regius Professor of Greek (Cambridge)">Regius Professorship</a> of <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a> at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a>. In 1662, he was made professor of <a href="/wiki/Geometry" title="Geometry">geometry</a> at <a href="/wiki/Gresham_College" title="Gresham College">Gresham College</a>, and in 1663 was selected as the first occupier of the <a href="/wiki/Lucasian_Professor_of_Mathematics" title="Lucasian Professor of Mathematics">Lucasian chair</a> at Cambridge. During his tenure of this chair he published two mathematical works of great learning and elegance, the first on geometry and the second on optics. In 1669 he resigned his professorship in favour of <a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> About this time, Barrow composed his <i>Expositions of the Creed, The Lord's Prayer, Decalogue, and Sacraments</i>. For the remainder of his life he devoted himself to the study of <a href="/wiki/Divinity" title="Divinity">divinity</a>. He was made a <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Divinity" title="Doctor of Divinity">Doctor of Divinity</a> by Royal mandate in 1670, and two years later Master of <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College</a> (1672), where he founded the library, and held the post until his death. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:StatueOfIsaacBarrow.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/StatueOfIsaacBarrow.jpg/220px-StatueOfIsaacBarrow.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/StatueOfIsaacBarrow.jpg/330px-StatueOfIsaacBarrow.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/StatueOfIsaacBarrow.jpg/440px-StatueOfIsaacBarrow.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Statue of Isaac Barrow in the chapel of <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College, Cambridge</a></figcaption></figure> <p>His earliest work was a complete edition of the <i>Elements</i> of <a href="/wiki/Euclid" title="Euclid">Euclid</a>, which he issued in Latin in 1655, and in English in 1660; in 1657 he published an edition of the <i>Data</i>. His lectures, delivered in 1664, 1665, and 1666, were published in 1683 under the title <i>Lectiones Mathematicae</i>; these are mostly on the metaphysical basis for mathematical truths. His lectures for 1667 were published in the same year, and suggest the analysis by which <a href="/wiki/Archimedes" title="Archimedes">Archimedes</a> was led to his chief results. In 1669 he issued his <i>Lectiones Opticae et Geometricae</i>. It is said in the preface that Newton revised and corrected these lectures, adding matter of his own, but it seems probable from Newton's remarks in the fluxional controversy that the additions were confined to the parts which dealt with optics. This, which is his most important work in mathematics, was republished with a few minor alterations in 1674. In 1675 he published an edition with numerous comments of the first four books of the <i>On Conic Sections</i> of <a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Perga" title="Apollonius of Perga">Apollonius of Perga</a>, and of the extant works of Archimedes and <a href="/wiki/Theodosius_of_Bithynia" title="Theodosius of Bithynia">Theodosius of Bithynia</a>. </p><p>In the optical lectures many problems connected with the reflection and refraction of light are treated with ingenuity. The geometrical focus of a point seen by reflection or refraction is defined; and it is explained that the image of an object is the locus of the geometrical foci of every point on it. Barrow also worked out a few of the easier properties of thin lenses, and considerably simplified the <a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes" title="René Descartes">Cartesian</a> explanation of the <a href="/wiki/Rainbow" title="Rainbow">rainbow</a>. </p><p>Barrow was the first to find the <a href="/wiki/Integral_of_the_secant_function" title="Integral of the secant function">integral of the secant function</a> in <a href="/wiki/Closed-form_expression" title="Closed-form expression">closed form</a>, thereby proving a conjecture that was well-known at the time. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Barrow died unmarried in London at the early age of 46, and was buried at <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Aubrey" title="John Aubrey">John Aubrey</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Brief_Lives" title="Brief Lives">Brief Lives</a>, attributes his death to an opium addiction acquired during his residence in Turkey. </p><p>Besides the works above mentioned, he wrote other important treatises on mathematics, but in literature his place is chiefly supported by his sermons,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which are masterpieces of argumentative eloquence, while his <i>Treatise on the Pope's Supremacy</i> is regarded as one of the most perfect specimens of controversy in existence. Barrow's character as a man was in all respects worthy of his great talents, though he had a strong vein of eccentricity. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Calculating_tangents">Calculating tangents</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Calculating tangents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The geometrical lectures contain some new ways of determining the areas and <a href="/wiki/Tangent" title="Tangent">tangents</a> of curves. The most celebrated of these is the method given for the determination of tangents to <a href="/wiki/Curve" title="Curve">curves</a>, and this is sufficiently important to require a detailed notice, because it illustrates the way in which Barrow, <a href="/wiki/Johann_Hudde" class="mw-redirect" title="Johann Hudde">Hudde</a> and Sluze were working on the lines suggested by <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_Fermat" title="Pierre de Fermat">Fermat</a> towards the methods of the <a href="/wiki/Differential_calculus" title="Differential calculus">differential calculus</a>. </p><p>Fermat had observed that the tangent at a point <i>P</i> on a curve was determined if one other point besides <i>P</i> on it were known; hence, if the length of the subtangent <i>MT</i> could be found (thus determining the point <i>T</i>), then the line <i>TP</i> would be the required tangent. Now Barrow remarked that if the abscissa and ordinate at a point <i>Q</i> adjacent to <i>P</i> were drawn, he got a small <a href="/wiki/Triangle" title="Triangle">triangle</a> <i>PQR</i> (which he called the differential triangle, because its sides <i>QR</i> and <i>RP</i> were the differences of the abscissae and ordinates of <i>P</i> and <i>Q</i>), so that K </p> <dl><dd><i>TM</i> : <i>MP</i> = <i>QR</i> : <i>RP</i>.</dd></dl> <p>To find <i>QR</i> : <i>RP</i> he supposed that <i>x</i>, <i>y</i> were the co-ordinates of <i>P</i>, and <i>x</i> − <i>e</i>, <i>y</i> − <i>a</i> those of <i>Q</i> (Barrow actually used <i>p</i> for <i>x</i> and <i>m</i> for <i>y</i>, but this article uses the standard modern notation). Substituting the co-ordinates of <i>Q</i> in the equation of the curve, and neglecting the squares and higher powers of <i>e</i> and <i>a</i> as compared with their first powers, he obtained <i>e</i> : <i>a</i>. The <a href="/wiki/Ratio" title="Ratio">ratio</a> <i>a</i>/<i>e</i> was subsequently (in accordance with a suggestion made by Sluze) termed the angular coefficient of the tangent at the point. </p><p>Barrow applied this method to the curves </p> <ol><li><i>x</i><sup>2</sup> (<i>x</i><sup>2</sup> + <i>y</i><sup>2</sup>) = <i>r</i><sup>2</sup><i>y</i><sup>2</sup>, the <a href="/wiki/Kappa_curve" title="Kappa curve">kappa curve</a>;</li> <li><i>x</i><sup>3</sup> + <i>y</i><sup>3</sup> = <i>r</i><sup>3</sup>;</li> <li><i>x</i><sup>3</sup> + <i>y</i><sup>3</sup> = <i>rxy</i>, called <i><a href="/wiki/Folium_of_Descartes" title="Folium of Descartes">la galande</a></i>;</li> <li><i>y</i> = (<i>r</i> − <i>x</i>) tan π<i>x</i>/2<i>r</i>, the <a href="/wiki/Quadratrix" title="Quadratrix">quadratrix</a>; and</li> <li><i>y</i> = <i>r</i> tan π<i>x</i>/2<i>r</i>.</li></ol> <p>It will be sufficient here to take as an illustration the simpler case of the parabola <i>y</i><sup>2</sup> = <i>px</i>. Using the notation given above, we have for the point <i>P</i>, <i>y</i><sup>2</sup> = <i>px</i>; and for the point <i>Q</i>: </p> <dl><dd>(<i>y</i> − <i>a</i>)<sup>2</sup> = <i>p</i>(<i>x</i> − <i>e</i>).</dd></dl> <p>Subtracting we get </p> <dl><dd>2<i>ay</i> − <i>a</i><sup>2</sup> = <i>pe</i>.</dd></dl> <p>But, if <i>a</i> be an infinitesimal quantity, <i>a</i><sup>2</sup> must be infinitely smaller and therefore may be neglected when compared with the quantities 2<i>ay</i> and <i>pe</i>. Hence </p> <dl><dd>2<i>ay</i> = <i>pe</i>, that is, <i>e</i> : <i>a</i> = 2<i>y</i> : <i>p</i>.</dd></dl> <p>Therefore, </p> <dl><dd><i>TM</i> : <i>y</i> = <i>e</i> : <i>a</i> = 2<i>y</i> : <i>p</i>.</dd></dl> <p>Hence </p> <dl><dd>TM = 2<i>y</i><sup>2</sup>/<i>p</i> = 2<i>x</i>.</dd></dl> <p>This is exactly the procedure of the differential calculus, except that there we have a rule by which we can get the ratio <i>a</i>/<i>e</i> or <i>dy</i>/<i>dx</i> directly without the labour of going through a calculation similar to the above for every separate case. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Publications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Epitome Fidei et Religionis Turcicae</i> (1658)</li> <li>"De Religione Turcica anno 1658" (poem)</li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/b30337094/">Euclidis Elementorum</a></i> (1659) [in Latin] <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oTcDAAAAQAAJ&pg=PP5">Euclide's Elements</a></i> (1660) [in English] translations of <a href="/wiki/Euclid%27s_Elements" title="Euclid's Elements">Euclid's <i>Elements</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lectionesoptic00barr/page/n17/"><i>Lectiones Opticae</i></a> (1669)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lectionesoptic00barr/page/n175/"><i>Lectiones Geometricae</i></a> (1670), translated as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dfA2AAAAMAAJ&pg=PP9"><i>Geometrical Lectures</i></a> (1735) by <a href="/wiki/Edmund_Stone" title="Edmund Stone">Edmund Stone</a>, later translated as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/geometricallectu00barr/page/n9/"><i>The Geometrical Lectures of Isaac Barrow</i></a> (1916) by James M. Child <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/apolloniiconicam00apol/"><i>Apollonii Conica</i></a> (1675) translation of <i><a href="/wiki/Apollonius_of_Perga" title="Apollonius of Perga">Conics</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/archimedisoperaa00arch/"><i>Archimedis Opera</i></a> (1675) translation of <a href="/wiki/Archimedes" title="Archimedes">Archimedes</a>’s works</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/theodosiisphaeri00theo/"><i>Theodosii Sphaerica</i></a> (1675) translation of <a href="/wiki/Theodosius%27_Spherics" title="Theodosius' Spherics">Theodosius' <i>Spherics</i></a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MGI9AAAAcAAJ"><i>A Treatise on the Pope's Supremacy, to which is Added a Discourse Concerning the Unity of the Church</i></a> (1680) (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/treatiseofpopess0000barr">1859 edition</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mathematicalwor00whewgoog/page/n25/"><i>Lectiones Mathematicae</i></a> (1683) translated as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/usefulnessofmath0000barr/"><i>The Usefulness of Mathematical Learning</i></a> (1734) by John Kirkby</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://quod.lib.umich.edu/e/eebo/a31073.0001.001/1:5.1?view=toc"><i>Of Contentment, Patience, and Resignation to the Will of God</i></a> (1685)</li> <li><i>The works of the learned Isaac Barrow, D.D.</i> (1700) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksoflearnedis01barr/">Vol. 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksoflearnedis23barr/">Vol. 2–3</a></li> <li><i>The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow</i> (1830), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksofdrisaacba01barr/">Vol. 1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksofdrisaacba02barr_0/">Vol. 2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksofdrisaacba03barr_0/">Vol. 3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksofdrisaacba04barr_0/">Vol. 4</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksofdrisaacba05barr/">Vol. 5</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksofdrisaacba06barr/">Vol. 6</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksofdrisaacba07barr/">Vol. 7</a> [sermons and theological essays]</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Lunar_crater" class="mw-redirect" title="Lunar crater">lunar crater</a> <a href="/wiki/Barrow_(crater)" title="Barrow (crater)">Barrow</a> is named after him</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gresham_Professor_of_Geometry" title="Gresham Professor of Geometry">Gresham Professors of Geometry</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-BarrowGeometricLectures-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BarrowGeometricLectures_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFChildBarrow1916" class="citation book cs1">Child, James Mark; Barrow, Isaac (1916). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/geometricallectu00barr"><i>The Geometrical Lectures of Isaac Barrow</i></a>. Chicago: <a href="/wiki/Open_Court_Publishing_Company" title="Open Court Publishing Company">Open Court Publishing Company</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Geometrical+Lectures+of+Isaac+Barrow&rft.pub=Chicago%3A+Open+Court+Publishing+Company&rft.date=1916&rft.aulast=Child&rft.aufirst=James+Mark&rft.au=Barrow%2C+Isaac&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgeometricallectu00barr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">'The Abbey Scientists' Hall, A.R. p12: London; Roger & Robert Nicholson; 1966</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheesman2005" class="citation book cs1">Cheesman, Francis (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isaacnewtonsteac0000chee/page/115"><i>Isaac Newton's Teacher</i></a> (first ed.). Victoria, BC, Canada: Trafford Publishing. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isaacnewtonsteac0000chee/page/115">115</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4120-6700-6" title="Special:BookSources/1-4120-6700-6"><bdi>1-4120-6700-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Isaac+Newton%27s+Teacher&rft.place=Victoria%2C+BC%2C+Canada&rft.pages=115&rft.edition=first&rft.pub=Trafford+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=1-4120-6700-6&rft.aulast=Cheesman&rft.aufirst=Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisaacnewtonsteac0000chee%2Fpage%2F115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCraze1955" class="citation book cs1">Craze, M. R. (1955). <i>A History of Felsted School, 1564–1947</i>. Cowell.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Felsted+School%2C+1564%E2%80%931947&rft.pub=Cowell&rft.date=1955&rft.aulast=Craze&rft.aufirst=M.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'ConnorRobertson" class="citation web cs1">O'Connor, J. J.; Robertson, E. F. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101226042236/http://www.gap-system.org/~history/Biographies/Barrow.html">"gap-system"</a>. <i>School of Mathematics and Statistics <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St Andrews</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gap-system.org/~history/Biographies/Barrow.html">the original</a> on 26 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 February</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=School+of+Mathematics+and+Statistics+University+of+St+Andrews&rft.atitle=gap-system&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft.au=Robertson%2C+E.+F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gap-system.org%2F~history%2FBiographies%2FBarrow.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeingold1990" class="citation book cs1">Feingold, Mordechai (1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jR1rxaob2PUC&pg=PA256"><i>Before Newton: The Life and Times of Isaac Barrow</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 256. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521306942" title="Special:BookSources/9780521306942"><bdi>9780521306942</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Before+Newton%3A+The+Life+and+Times+of+Isaac+Barrow&rft.pages=256&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9780521306942&rft.aulast=Feingold&rft.aufirst=Mordechai&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DjR1rxaob2PUC%26pg%3DPA256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFACADBRW643I" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://venn.lib.cam.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search-2018.pl?sur=&suro=w&fir=&firo=c&cit=&cito=c&c=all&z=all&tex=BRW643I&sye=&eye=&col=all&maxcount=50">"Barrow, Isaac (BRW643I)"</a>. <i>A Cambridge Alumni Database</i>. University of Cambridge.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Barrow%2C+Isaac+%28BRW643I%29&rft.btitle=A+Cambridge+Alumni+Database&rft.pub=University+of+Cambridge&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fvenn.lib.cam.ac.uk%2Fcgi-bin%2Fsearch-2018.pl%3Fsur%3D%26suro%3Dw%26fir%3D%26firo%3Dc%26cit%3D%26cito%3Dc%26c%3Dall%26z%3Dall%26tex%3DBRW643I%26sye%3D%26eye%3D%26col%3Dall%26maxcount%3D50&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManuel1968" class="citation book cs1">Manuel, Frank E. (1968). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/portraitofisaacn00manu"><i>A Portrait of Isaac Newton</i></a></span>. Belknap Press, MA. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/portraitofisaacn00manu/page/92">92</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Portrait+of+Isaac+Newton&rft.pages=92&rft.pub=Belknap+Press%2C+MA&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Manuel&rft.aufirst=Frank+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fportraitofisaacn00manu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">D.R. Wilkins – <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Dublin" class="mw-redirect" title="Trinity College, Dublin">Trinity College, Dublin</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.maths.tcd.ie/pub/HistMath/People/Barrow/RouseBall/RB_Barrow.html">School of Mathematics</a>. Retrieved 1 February 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For a summary of the Barrow–Newton relationship, see <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGjersten,_Derek1986" class="citation book cs1">Gjersten, Derek (1986). <i>The Newton Handbook</i>. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. pp. 54–55.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Newton+Handbook&rft.place=London&rft.pages=54-55&rft.pub=Routledge+%26+Kegan+Paul&rft.date=1986&rft.au=Gjersten%2C+Derek&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Isaac Barrow, John Tillotson, Abraham Hill – The works of the learned Isaac Barrow ... Printed by J. Heptinstall, for Brabazon Aylmer, 1700 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZmVZAAAAYAAJ&dq=isaac+barrow+priest&pg=PA217">Published by DR JOHN TILLOTSON THE LORD ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY </a> {&} Isaac Barrow – The theological works of Isaac Barrow, Volume 1 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_8ctAAAAYAAJ&dq=isaac+barrow+priest&pg=PA318">The University Press, 1830</a> {&} Isaac Barrow, Thomas Smart Hughes 1831 – <i>The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow: With Some Account of His Life, Summary of Each Discourse, Notes, &c (1831)</i>- <i>Fourth Volume</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/worksdrisaacbar01hughgoog#page/n5/mode/2up">A.J. Valpy</a>. Retrieved 1 February 2012</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDresden,_Arnold1918" class="citation journal cs1"><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Dresden" title="Arnold Dresden">Dresden, Arnold</a> (1918). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1918-24-09/S0002-9904-1918-03122-4/S0002-9904-1918-03122-4.pdf">"Review: <i>The Geometrical Lectures of Isaac Barrow</i>, translated, with notes and proofs, by James Mark Child"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Bull. Amer. Math. Soc</i>. <b>24</b> (9): 454–456. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1090%2Fs0002-9904-1918-03122-4">10.1090/s0002-9904-1918-03122-4</a></span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140427025451/http://www.ams.org/journals/bull/1918-24-09/S0002-9904-1918-03122-4/S0002-9904-1918-03122-4.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 27 April 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bull.+Amer.+Math.+Soc.&rft.atitle=Review%3A+The+Geometrical+Lectures+of+Isaac+Barrow%2C+translated%2C+with+notes+and+proofs%2C+by+James+Mark+Child&rft.volume=24&rft.issue=9&rft.pages=454-456&rft.date=1918&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1090%2Fs0002-9904-1918-03122-4&rft.au=Dresden%2C+Arnold&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ams.org%2Fjournals%2Fbull%2F1918-24-09%2FS0002-9904-1918-03122-4%2FS0002-9904-1918-03122-4.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2">"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/A_Short_Biographical_Dictionary_of_English_Literature/Barrow,_Isaac" class="extiw" title="s:A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature/Barrow, Isaac">Barrow, Isaac</a>", <i><a href="/wiki/A_Short_Biographical_Dictionary_of_English_Literature" title="A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature">A Short Biographical Dictionary of English Literature</a></i>, 1910 – via <a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Barrow%2C+Isaac&rft.btitle=A+Short+Biographical+Dictionary+of+English+Literature&rft.date=1910&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/W._W._Rouse_Ball" title="W. W. Rouse Ball">W. W. Rouse Ball</a>. <i>A Short Account of the History of Mathematics</i> (4th edition, 1908)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinton_Bennett" title="Clinton Bennett">Clinton Bennett</a>, <i>Promise, Predicament and Perplexity: Isaac Barrow (1630–1677) on Islam</i> (<a href="/wiki/Gorgias_Press" title="Gorgias Press">Gorgias Press</a>, 2022)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCheesman2005" class="citation book cs1">Cheesman, Francis W. (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/isaacnewtonsteac0000chee/"><i>Isaac Newton's Teacher</i></a></span>. Trafford. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781412067003" title="Special:BookSources/9781412067003"><bdi>9781412067003</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Isaac+Newton%27s+Teacher&rft.pub=Trafford&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9781412067003&rft.aulast=Cheesman&rft.aufirst=Francis+W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fisaacnewtonsteac0000chee%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeingold1990" class="citation book cs1">Feingold, Mordechai, ed. (1990). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/beforenewtonlife0000unse/"><i>Before Newton: The life and times of Isaac Barrow</i></a></span>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780521306942" title="Special:BookSources/9780521306942"><bdi>9780521306942</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Before+Newton%3A+The+life+and+times+of+Isaac+Barrow&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=9780521306942&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbeforenewtonlife0000unse%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHill1830" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Hill" title="Abraham Hill">Hill, Abraham</a> (1830) [1683]. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/worksofdrisaacba01barr/page/n14">"Biographical Memoir of Dr. Isaac Barrow"</a>. <i>The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow</i>. By Barrow, Isaac. <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Smart_Hughes" title="Thomas Smart Hughes">Hughes, Thomas Smart</a> (ed.). Vol. 1. A.J. Valpy. pp. ix–xcii.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Biographical+Memoir+of+Dr.+Isaac+Barrow&rft.btitle=The+Works+of+Dr.+Isaac+Barrow&rft.pages=ix-xcii&rft.pub=A.J.+Valpy&rft.date=1830&rft.aulast=Hill&rft.aufirst=Abraham&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fworksofdrisaacba01barr%2Fpage%2Fn14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" 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class="extiw" title="q:Special:Search/Isaac Barrow">Isaac Barrow</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has the text of the <a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">1911 <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i></a> article "<span style="font-weight:bold;"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Barrow,_Isaac" class="extiw" title="wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Barrow, Isaac">Barrow, Isaac</a></span>".</div></div> </div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFO'ConnorRobertson" class="citation cs2">O'Connor, John J.; <a href="/wiki/Edmund_F._Robertson" title="Edmund F. Robertson">Robertson, Edmund F.</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Barrow.html">"Isaac Barrow"</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/MacTutor_History_of_Mathematics_Archive" title="MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive">MacTutor History of Mathematics Archive</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">University of St Andrews</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Isaac+Barrow&rft.btitle=MacTutor+History+of+Mathematics+Archive&rft.pub=University+of+St+Andrews&rft.aulast=O%27Connor&rft.aufirst=John+J.&rft.au=Robertson%2C+Edmund+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk%2FBiographies%2FBarrow.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIsaac+Barrow" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=67643">Isaac Barrow</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Mathematics_Genealogy_Project" title="Mathematics Genealogy Project">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/3430">Works by Isaac Barrow</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%28subject%3A%22Barrow%2C%20Isaac%22%20OR%20subject%3A%22Isaac%20Barrow%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Barrow%2C%20Isaac%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Isaac%20Barrow%22%20OR%20creator%3A%22Barrow%2C%20I%2E%22%20OR%20title%3A%22Isaac%20Barrow%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Barrow%2C%20Isaac%22%20OR%20description%3A%22Isaac%20Barrow%22%29%20OR%20%28%221630-1677%22%20AND%20Barrow%29%29%20AND%20%28-mediatype:software%29">Works by or about Isaac Barrow</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trin.cam.ac.uk/index.php?pageid=172">The Master of Trinity</a> at <a href="/wiki/Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Trinity College, Cambridge">Trinity College, Cambridge</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oBnP1vRoAOcC">Correspondence of Scientific Men of the Seventeenth Century</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MwVbAAAAQAAJ">The Usefulness of Mathematical Learning Explained and Demonstrated</a></i> at <a href="/wiki/Google_Books" title="Google Books">Google Books</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #DAA520;">Academic offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Widdrington_(academic)" title="Ralph Widdrington (academic)">Ralph Widdrington</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Regius_Professor_of_Greek_(Cambridge)" title="Regius Professor of Greek (Cambridge)">Regius Professor of Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">University of Cambridge</a> </b><br />1660–1663 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/w/index.php?title=James_Valentine_(classicist)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="James Valentine (classicist) (page does not exist)">James Valentine</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_Pearson_(scholar)" class="mw-redirect" title="John Pearson (scholar)">John Pearson</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_masters_of_Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="List of masters of Trinity College, Cambridge">Master of Trinity College, Cambridge</a> </b><br />1672–1677 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/John_North_(Trinity)" title="John North (Trinity)">John North</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Lucasian_Professors_of_Mathematics" title="Template:Lucasian Professors of Mathematics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Lucasian_Professors_of_Mathematics" title="Template talk:Lucasian Professors of Mathematics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lucasian_Professors_of_Mathematics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lucasian Professors of Mathematics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lucasian_Professors_of_Mathematics" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lucasian_Professor_of_Mathematics" title="Lucasian Professor of Mathematics">Lucasian Professors of Mathematics</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Isaac Barrow</a> <small>(1664)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a> <small>(1669)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whiston" title="William Whiston">William Whiston</a> <small>(1702)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Saunderson" title="Nicholas Saunderson">Nicholas Saunderson</a> <small>(1711)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Colson" title="John Colson">John Colson</a> <small>(1739)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Waring" title="Edward Waring">Edward Waring</a> <small>(1760)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Milner" title="Isaac Milner">Isaac Milner</a> <small>(1798)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Woodhouse" title="Robert Woodhouse">Robert Woodhouse</a> <small>(1820)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Turton" title="Thomas Turton">Thomas Turton</a> <small>(1822)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Biddell_Airy" title="George Biddell Airy">George Biddell Airy</a> <small>(1826)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Babbage" title="Charles Babbage">Charles Babbage</a> <small>(1828)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_King" title="Joshua King">Joshua King</a> <small>(1839)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_George_Stokes,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet">George Stokes</a> <small>(1849)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Larmor" title="Joseph Larmor">Joseph Larmor</a> <small>(1903)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Dirac" title="Paul Dirac">Paul Dirac</a> <small>(1932)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Lighthill" title="James Lighthill">James Lighthill</a> <small>(1969)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a> <small>(1979)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Green_(physicist)" title="Michael Green (physicist)">Michael Green</a> <small>(2009)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Cates" title="Michael Cates">Michael Cates</a> <small>(2015)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sir_Isaac_Newton" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Isaac_Newton" title="Template:Isaac Newton"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Isaac_Newton" title="Template talk:Isaac Newton"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Isaac_Newton" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Isaac Newton"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sir_Isaac_Newton" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton" title="Isaac Newton">Sir Isaac Newton</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Method_of_Fluxions" title="Method of Fluxions">Fluxions</a></i> (1671)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_motu_corporum_in_gyrum" title="De motu corporum in gyrum">De Motu</a></i> (1684)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Philosophi%C3%A6_Naturalis_Principia_Mathematica" title="Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica">Principia</a></i> (1687)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Opticks" title="Opticks">Opticks</a></i> (1704)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Queries" class="mw-redirect" title="The Queries">Queries</a></i> (1704)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Arithmetica_Universalis" title="Arithmetica Universalis">Arithmetica</a></i> (1707)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/De_analysi_per_aequationes_numero_terminorum_infinitas" title="De analysi per aequationes numero terminorum infinitas">De Analysi</a></i> (1711)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Other writings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Quaestiones_quaedam_philosophicae" title="Quaestiones quaedam philosophicae">Quaestiones</a></i> (1661–1665)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Standing_on_the_shoulders_of_giants" title="Standing on the shoulders of giants">standing on the shoulders of giants</a>" (1675)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Notes_on_the_Jewish_Temple" title="Notes on the Jewish Temple">Notes on the Jewish Temple</a></i> (c. 1680)</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/General_Scholium" title="General Scholium">General Scholium</a>" (1713; <i>"<a href="/wiki/Hypotheses_non_fingo" title="Hypotheses non fingo">hypotheses non fingo</a>"</i> )</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Chronology_of_Ancient_Kingdoms_Amended" title="The Chronology of Ancient Kingdoms Amended">Ancient Kingdoms Amended</a></i> (1728)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/An_Historical_Account_of_Two_Notable_Corruptions_of_Scripture" title="An Historical Account of Two Notable Corruptions of Scripture">Corruptions of Scripture</a></i> (1754)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Contributions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calculus" title="Calculus">Calculus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fluxion" title="Fluxion">fluxion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_depth" title="Impact depth">Impact depth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inertia" title="Inertia">Inertia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_disc" title="Newton disc">Newton disc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_polygon" title="Newton polygon">Newton polygon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newton%E2%80%93Okounkov_body" title="Newton–Okounkov body">Newton–Okounkov body</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_reflector" title="Newton's reflector">Newton's reflector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtonian_telescope" title="Newtonian telescope">Newtonian telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_scale" title="Newton scale">Newton scale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_metal" title="Newton's metal">Newton's metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectrum" title="Spectrum">Spectrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structural_coloration" title="Structural coloration">Structural coloration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Newtonianism" title="Newtonianism">Newtonianism</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bucket_argument" title="Bucket argument">Bucket argument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_inequalities" title="Newton's inequalities">Newton's inequalities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_cooling" title="Newton's law of cooling">Newton's law of cooling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_law_of_universal_gravitation" title="Newton's law of universal gravitation">Newton's law of universal gravitation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Post-Newtonian_expansion" title="Post-Newtonian expansion">post-Newtonian expansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parameterized_post-Newtonian_formalism" title="Parameterized post-Newtonian formalism">parameterized</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_constant" title="Gravitational constant">gravitational constant</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%E2%80%93Cartan_theory" title="Newton–Cartan theory">Newton–Cartan theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schr%C3%B6dinger%E2%80%93Newton_equation" title="Schrödinger–Newton equation">Schrödinger–Newton equation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion" title="Newton's laws of motion">Newton's laws of motion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kepler%27s_laws_of_planetary_motion" title="Kepler's laws of planetary motion">Kepler's laws</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtonian_dynamics" title="Newtonian dynamics">Newtonian dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_method_in_optimization" title="Newton's method in optimization">Newton's method in optimization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Problem_of_Apollonius" title="Problem of Apollonius">Apollonius's problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truncated_Newton_method" title="Truncated Newton method">truncated Newton method</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauss%E2%80%93Newton_algorithm" title="Gauss–Newton algorithm">Gauss–Newton algorithm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_rings" title="Newton's rings">Newton's rings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_theorem_about_ovals" title="Newton's theorem about ovals">Newton's theorem about ovals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%E2%80%93Pepys_problem" title="Newton–Pepys problem">Newton–Pepys problem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtonian_potential" title="Newtonian potential">Newtonian potential</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newtonian_fluid" title="Newtonian fluid">Newtonian fluid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_mechanics" title="Classical mechanics">Classical mechanics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corpuscular_theory_of_light" title="Corpuscular theory of light">Corpuscular theory of light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leibniz%E2%80%93Newton_calculus_controversy" title="Leibniz–Newton calculus controversy">Leibniz–Newton calculus controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_notation" class="mw-redirect" title="Newton's notation">Newton's notation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotating_spheres" title="Rotating spheres">Rotating spheres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_cannonball" title="Newton's cannonball">Newton's cannonball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%E2%80%93Cotes_formulas" title="Newton–Cotes formulas">Newton–Cotes formulas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_method" title="Newton's method">Newton's method</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Generalized_Gauss%E2%80%93Newton_method" title="Generalized Gauss–Newton method">generalized Gauss–Newton method</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_fractal" title="Newton fractal">Newton fractal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_identities" title="Newton's identities">Newton's identities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_polynomial" title="Newton polynomial">Newton polynomial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_theorem_of_revolving_orbits" title="Newton's theorem of revolving orbits">Newton's theorem of revolving orbits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%E2%80%93Euler_equations" title="Newton–Euler equations">Newton–Euler equations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_number" title="Power number">Newton number</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kissing_number" title="Kissing number">kissing number problem</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Difference_quotient" title="Difference quotient">Newton's quotient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallelogram_of_force" title="Parallelogram of force">Parallelogram of force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puiseux_series" title="Puiseux series">Newton–Puiseux theorem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_space_and_time#Newton" title="Absolute space and time">Absolute space and time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luminiferous_aether" title="Luminiferous aether">Luminiferous aether</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finite_difference" title="Finite difference">Newtonian series</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Table_of_Newtonian_series" title="Table of Newtonian series">table</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Personal life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Woolsthorpe_Manor" title="Woolsthorpe Manor">Woolsthorpe Manor</a> (birthplace)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranbury_Park" title="Cranbury Park">Cranbury Park</a> (home)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Early_life_of_Isaac_Newton" title="Early life of Isaac Newton">Early life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Later_life_of_Isaac_Newton" title="Later life of Isaac Newton">Later life</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton%27s_apple_tree" title="Isaac Newton's apple tree">Apple tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_views_of_Isaac_Newton" title="Religious views of Isaac Newton">Religious views</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton%27s_occult_studies" title="Isaac Newton's occult studies">Occult studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scientific_Revolution" title="Scientific Revolution">Scientific Revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copernican_Revolution" title="Copernican Revolution">Copernican Revolution</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Barton" title="Catherine Barton">Catherine Barton</a> (niece)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Conduitt" title="John Conduitt">John Conduitt</a> (nephew-in-law)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Isaac Barrow</a> (professor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Clarke_(apothecary)" title="William Clarke (apothecary)">William Clarke</a> (mentor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Pulleyn" title="Benjamin Pulleyn">Benjamin Pulleyn</a> (tutor)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Cotes" title="Roger Cotes">Roger Cotes</a> (student)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whiston" title="William Whiston">William Whiston</a> (student)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Keill" title="John Keill">John Keill</a> (disciple)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Stukeley" title="William Stukeley">William Stukeley</a> (friend)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Jones_(mathematician)" title="William Jones (mathematician)">William Jones</a> (friend)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_de_Moivre" title="Abraham de Moivre">Abraham de Moivre</a> (friend)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton_in_popular_culture" title="Isaac Newton in popular culture">Depictions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newton_(Blake)" title="Newton (Blake)"><i>Newton</i> by Blake</a> (monotype)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_(Paolozzi)" title="Newton (Paolozzi)"><i>Newton</i> by Paolozzi</a> (sculpture)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton_Gargoyle" title="Isaac Newton Gargoyle">Isaac Newton Gargoyle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Astronomers_Monument" title="Astronomers Monument">Astronomers Monument</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_things_named_after_Isaac_Newton" title="List of things named after Isaac Newton">Namesake</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Newton_(unit)" title="Newton (unit)">Newton (unit)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_cradle" title="Newton's cradle">Newton's cradle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton_Institute" title="Isaac Newton Institute">Isaac Newton Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Physics_Isaac_Newton_Medal" class="mw-redirect" title="Institute of Physics Isaac Newton Medal">Isaac Newton Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton_Telescope" title="Isaac Newton Telescope">Isaac Newton Telescope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton_Group_of_Telescopes" title="Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes">Isaac Newton Group of Telescopes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XMM-Newton" title="XMM-Newton">XMM-Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_Isaac_Newton_Sixth_Form" title="Sir Isaac Newton Sixth Form">Sir Isaac Newton Sixth Form</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statal_Institute_of_Higher_Education_Isaac_Newton" title="Statal Institute of Higher Education Isaac Newton">Statal Institute of Higher Education Isaac Newton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newton_International_Fellowship" title="Newton International Fellowship">Newton International Fellowship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;vertical-align:top;">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><div class="div-col"> <div class="CategoryTreeTag" data-ct-options="{"mode":20,"hideprefix":20,"showcount":false,"namespaces":false,"notranslations":false}"><div class="CategoryTreeSection"><div class="CategoryTreeItem"><span class="CategoryTreeBullet"><a class="CategoryTreeToggle" data-ct-title="Isaac_Newton" aria-expanded="false"></a> </span> <bdi dir="ltr"><a href="/wiki/Category:Isaac_Newton" title="Category:Isaac Newton">Isaac Newton</a></bdi></div><div class="CategoryTreeChildren" style="display:none"></div></div></div> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Masters_of_Trinity_College,_Cambridge" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Masters_of_Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Template:Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Masters_of_Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Template talk:Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Masters_of_Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Masters_of_Trinity_College,_Cambridge" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_masters_of_Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="List of masters of Trinity College, Cambridge">Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Redman_(Trinity_College)" title="John Redman (Trinity College)">John Redman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Bill" title="William Bill">William Bill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Christopherson" title="John Christopherson">John Christopherson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Beaumont_(Master_of_Trinity_College)" title="Robert Beaumont (Master of Trinity College)">Robert Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Whitgift" title="John Whitgift">John Whitgift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Still" title="John Still">John Still</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Nevile" title="Thomas Nevile">Thomas Nevile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Richardson_(translator)" title="John Richardson (translator)">John Richardson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Mawe" title="Leonard Mawe">Leonard Mawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Brooke" title="Samuel Brooke">Samuel Brooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Comber_(dean_of_Carlisle)" title="Thomas Comber (dean of Carlisle)">Thomas Comber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hill_(Cambridge)" title="Thomas Hill (Cambridge)">Thomas Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Arrowsmith_(scholar)" title="John Arrowsmith (scholar)">John Arrowsmith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Wilkins" title="John Wilkins">John Wilkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Ferne" title="Henry Ferne">Henry Ferne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Pearson_(bishop)" title="John Pearson (bishop)">John Pearson</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Isaac Barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_North_(Trinity)" title="John North (Trinity)">John North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Montagu_(Trinity)" title="John Montagu (Trinity)">John Montagu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Bentley" title="Richard Bentley">Richard Bentley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Smith_(mathematician)" title="Robert Smith (mathematician)">Robert Smith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Hinchliffe" title="John Hinchliffe">John Hinchliffe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Postlethwaite" title="Thomas Postlethwaite">Thomas Postlethwaite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Lort_Mansel" title="William Lort Mansel">William Lort Mansel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wordsworth_(divine)" title="Christopher Wordsworth (divine)">Christopher Wordsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Whewell" title="William Whewell">William Whewell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hepworth_Thompson" title="William Hepworth Thompson">William Hepworth Thompson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Montagu_Butler" title="Henry Montagu Butler">Henry Montagu Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._J._Thomson" title="J. J. Thomson">J. J. Thomson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G._M._Trevelyan" title="G. M. Trevelyan">G. M. Trevelyan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Adrian" title="Edgar Adrian">Edgar Adrian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rab_Butler" title="Rab Butler">Rab Butler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Hodgkin" title="Alan Hodgkin">Alan Hodgkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Huxley" title="Andrew Huxley">Andrew Huxley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Atiyah" title="Michael Atiyah">Michael Atiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amartya_Sen" title="Amartya Sen">Amartya Sen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Rees" title="Martin Rees">Martin Rees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregory_Winter" title="Gregory Winter">Gregory Winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sally_Davies_(doctor)" title="Sally Davies (doctor)">Sally Davies</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Trinity_College_(Cambridge)_shield.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Trinity_College_%28Cambridge%29_shield.svg/80px-Trinity_College_%28Cambridge%29_shield.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="93" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Trinity_College_%28Cambridge%29_shield.svg/120px-Trinity_College_%28Cambridge%29_shield.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/55/Trinity_College_%28Cambridge%29_shield.svg/160px-Trinity_College_%28Cambridge%29_shield.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="353" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_1662" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:FRS_1662" title="Template:FRS 1662"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:FRS_1662" title="Template talk:FRS 1662"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:FRS_1662" title="Special:EditPage/Template:FRS 1662"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_1662" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Fellow_of_the_Royal_Society" title="Fellow of the Royal Society">Fellows</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Society" title="Royal Society">Royal Society</a> elected <a href="/wiki/List_of_Fellows_of_the_Royal_Society_elected_in_1662" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1662">in 1662</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fellows</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Isaac Barrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sir_John_Brookes,_1st_Baronet" title="Sir John Brookes, 1st Baronet">Sir John Brookes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Cudworth" title="Ralph Cudworth">Ralph Cudworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Graunt" title="John Graunt">John Graunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Lane,_1st_Viscount_Lanesborough" title="George Lane, 1st Viscount Lanesborough">George Lane</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=William_Schroter&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="William Schroter (page does not exist)">William Schroter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Spencer,_2nd_Earl_of_Sunderland" title="Robert Spencer, 2nd Earl of Sunderland">Robert Spencer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_de_Vic" title="Henry de Vic">Henry de Vic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207718#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207718#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207718#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000083438438">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/56682703">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/92625/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJk8YYcwKGTrRHcgrvFFrq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118963066">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n82070072">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12340135q">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12340135q">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Barrow, Isaac <1630-1677>"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/SBLV137247">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35014453">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ola2008452298&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX848106">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/1730494">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p088012972">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90896575">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=172665">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/42gkp86n0sgcbl4">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810603036305606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/123753">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007277974005171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14072672">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02563412?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mathgenealogy.org/id.php?id=67643">Mathematics Genealogy Project</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zbmath.org/authors/?q=ai:barrow.isaac">zbMATH</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet/MRAuthorID/31725">MathSciNet</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/790421">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118963066.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118963066">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/032355858">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6t72k7m">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&oldid=1258590318">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isaac_Barrow&oldid=1258590318</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Alumni_of_Trinity_College,_Cambridge" title="Category:Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge">Alumni of Trinity College, Cambridge</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:English_Anglicans" title="Category:English Anglicans">English 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