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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Agreements_between_Israel_and_the_United_Arab_Emirates_and_Bahrain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agreements_between_Israel_and_the_United_Arab_Emirates_and_Bahrain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Agreements between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agreements_between_Israel_and_the_United_Arab_Emirates_and_Bahrain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Developments_after_the_Israel–Hamas_war" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Developments_after_the_Israel–Hamas_war"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1.1</span> <span>Developments after the Israel–Hamas war</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Developments_after_the_Israel–Hamas_war-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sudan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sudan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Sudan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sudan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Agreement_between_Israel_and_Morocco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Agreement_between_Israel_and_Morocco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Agreement between Israel and Morocco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Agreement_between_Israel_and_Morocco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Documents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Documents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Documents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Documents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aftermath" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aftermath"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Aftermath</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Aftermath subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Aftermath-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Protests_and_violence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Protests_and_violence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Protests and violence</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Protests_and_violence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-United_Arab_Emirates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#United_Arab_Emirates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>United Arab Emirates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-United_Arab_Emirates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Morocco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Morocco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Morocco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Morocco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Oman" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oman"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Oman</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oman-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Expansion_to_other_Muslim-majority_states" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Expansion_to_other_Muslim-majority_states"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Expansion to other Muslim-majority states</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Expansion_to_other_Muslim-majority_states-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Abraham_Fund" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Abraham_Fund"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.6</span> <span>Abraham Fund</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Abraham_Fund-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jordan_solar_power_plant" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jordan_solar_power_plant"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.7</span> <span>Jordan solar power plant</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jordan_solar_power_plant-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economic_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economic_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Economic impact</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economic_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Environmental_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Environmental_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Environmental impact</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Environmental_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Collaborative_efforts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Collaborative_efforts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Collaborative efforts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Collaborative_efforts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opinion_polling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opinion_polling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Opinion polling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Opinion_polling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Abraham Accords</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 29 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-29" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">29 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85" title="اتفاقيات إبراهيم – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="اتفاقيات إبراهيم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%9A%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="আব্রাহাম চুক্তি – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আব্রাহাম চুক্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham-aftalerne" title="Abraham-aftalerne – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Abraham-aftalerne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Accords_Declaration" title="Abraham Accords Declaration – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Abraham Accords Declaration" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_akordioak" title="Abraham akordioak – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Abraham akordioak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%85" title="پیمان ابراهیم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیمان ابراهیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accords_d%27Abraham" title="Accords d'Abraham – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Accords d'Abraham" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acordos_de_Abraham" title="Acordos de Abraham – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Acordos de Abraham" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EB%B8%8C%EB%9D%BC%ED%95%A8_%ED%98%91%EC%A0%95" title="아브라함 협정 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아브라함 협정" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%A2%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B1%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Աբրահամի համաձայնագրեր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Աբրահամի համաձայնագրեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perjanjian_Abraham" title="Perjanjian Abraham – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perjanjian Abraham" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accordi_di_Abramo" title="Accordi di Abramo – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Accordi di Abramo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A1%D7%9B%D7%9E%D7%99_%D7%90%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%94%D7%9D" title="הסכמי אברהם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הסכמי אברהם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%81brah%C3%A1m-meg%C3%A1llapod%C3%A1sok" title="Ábrahám-megállapodások – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ábrahám-megállapodások" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%85" title="اتفاقيات ابراهيم – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اتفاقيات ابراهيم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham-akkoorden" title="Abraham-akkoorden – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Abraham-akkoorden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham-avtalene" title="Abraham-avtalene – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Abraham-avtalene" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%AF%DB%81_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%81%DB%8C%D9%85" title="معاہدہ ابراہیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="معاہدہ ابراہیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porozumienia_Abrahamowe" title="Porozumienia Abrahamowe – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Porozumienia Abrahamowe" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acordos_de_Abra%C3%A3o" title="Acordos de Abraão – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Acordos de Abraão" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%90%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Соглашения Авраама – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Соглашения Авраама" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%86%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%84%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8A" title="ආබ්‍රහම් සම්මුතීන් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ආබ්‍රහම් සම්මුතීන්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham_Accords" title="Abraham Accords – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Abraham Accords" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham-sopimukset" title="Abraham-sopimukset – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Abraham-sopimukset" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abraham-avtalen" title="Abraham-avtalen – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Abraham-avtalen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆபிரகாம் ஒப்பந்தங்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆபிரகாம் ஒப்பந்தங்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0brahim_Anla%C5%9Fmalar%C4%B1" title="İbrahim Anlaşmaları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İbrahim Anlaşmaları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" 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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size:125%;">Abraham Accords</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;padding-top:0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:President_Trump_and_The_First_Lady_Participate_in_an_Abraham_Accords_Signing_Ceremony_(50345629858).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/President_Trump_and_The_First_Lady_Participate_in_an_Abraham_Accords_Signing_Ceremony_%2850345629858%29.jpg/250px-President_Trump_and_The_First_Lady_Participate_in_an_Abraham_Accords_Signing_Ceremony_%2850345629858%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/President_Trump_and_The_First_Lady_Participate_in_an_Abraham_Accords_Signing_Ceremony_%2850345629858%29.jpg/375px-President_Trump_and_The_First_Lady_Participate_in_an_Abraham_Accords_Signing_Ceremony_%2850345629858%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/President_Trump_and_The_First_Lady_Participate_in_an_Abraham_Accords_Signing_Ceremony_%2850345629858%29.jpg/500px-President_Trump_and_The_First_Lady_Participate_in_an_Abraham_Accords_Signing_Ceremony_%2850345629858%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4500" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="padding:0.35em 0.35em 0.25em;line-height:1.25em;"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><span class="nowrap"><b>Representatives (left-to-right):</b></span></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Bahraini foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Abdullatif_bin_Rashid_Al-Zayani" class="mw-redirect" title="Abdullatif bin Rashid Al-Zayani">Abdullatif bin Rashid Al-Zayani</a></li><li>Israeli prime minister <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a></li><li>American president <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a></li><li>Emirati foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_bin_Zayed_Al_Nahyan" title="Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan">Abdullah bin Zayed Al-Nahyan</a></li></ul></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_normalization" title="Arab–Israeli normalization">Normalization treaty</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Context</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" title="Arab–Israeli conflict">Arab–Israeli conflict</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signed</th><td class="infobox-data">September 15, 2020</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location"><a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Negotiators</th><td class="infobox-data plainlist"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Signatories</th><td class="infobox-data attendee plainlist"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a><br />September 15, 2020:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul></div>December 22, 2020:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li></ul></div>January 6, 2021:<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Languages</th><td class="infobox-data hlist"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>English</li><li>Arabic</li><li>Hebrew</li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Abraham Accords</b> are bilateral agreements on <a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_normalization" title="Arab–Israeli normalization">Arab–Israeli normalization</a> signed between <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> and the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a> and between Israel and <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> on September 15, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mediated by the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, the announcement of August 13, 2020, concerned <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">Israel and the Emirates</a> before the subsequent announcement of an agreement between <a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Israel and Bahrain</a> on September 11, 2020. On September 15, 2020, the signing of the agreements was hosted by <a href="/wiki/First_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="First presidency of Donald Trump">US president Donald Trump</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Truman_Balcony" title="Truman Balcony">Truman Balcony</a> of the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> amid elaborate staging intended to evoke the signings of historic formal peace treaties in prior administrations.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_Signing_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo_Signing-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As part of the two agreements, both the Emirates and Bahrain <a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Israel" title="International recognition of Israel">recognized Israel's sovereignty</a>, enabling the establishment of full diplomatic relations. Israel's initial agreement with the Emirates marked the first instance of Israel establishing diplomatic relations with an Arab country since 1994, when the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty" title="Israel–Jordan peace treaty">Israel–Jordan peace treaty</a> came into effect<a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">.</a><sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The agreements were named "Abraham Accords" to highlight the common belief of <a href="/wiki/Judaism" title="Judaism">Judaism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> in the prophet <a href="/wiki/Abraham" title="Abraham">Abraham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On October 23, 2020, Israel and Sudan <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Sudan normalization agreement">agreed to normalize ties</a>; the agreement is unratified as of 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-threaten_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threaten-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of the agreement, the US removed Sudan from its list of <a href="/wiki/State_Sponsors_of_Terrorism_(U.S._list)" title="State Sponsors of Terrorism (U.S. list)">state sponsors of terrorism</a> and gave them a US$1.2 billion loan.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_Sudan_2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Sudan_2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 6, 2021, the government of <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> signed the "Abraham Accords Declaration" in <a href="/wiki/Khartoum" title="Khartoum">Khartoum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-QuietlySign_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QuietlySign-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 22, 2020, the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Morocco normalization agreement">Israel–Morocco normalization agreement</a> was signed. In exchange for Morocco's recognition of Israeli sovereignty, the United States recognized Moroccan sovereignty over <a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_process" title="Israeli–Palestinian peace process">Israeli–Palestinian peace process</a> was advanced with the <a href="/wiki/Oslo_Accords" title="Oslo Accords">Oslo Accords</a> in 1993 and 1995 but later collapsed with the start of the <a href="/wiki/Second_Intifada" title="Second Intifada">Second Intifada</a> and the ending of committed peace broker <a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a>'s term as US president. Israel increased <a href="/wiki/Israeli_settlement" title="Israeli settlement">settlement construction</a> in the West Bank and withdrew from Gaza in 2005. After Hamas came to power in Gaza in the 2006 election,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Israel began to tighten the <a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_the_Gaza_Strip" title="Blockade of the Gaza Strip">Gaza blockade</a>, with Egypt's assistance from 2008 onward.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A rapprochement between Israel and <a href="/wiki/Sunni_Islam" title="Sunni Islam">Sunni</a> Arab states took place in the 2010s due to their shared fear of <a href="/wiki/Shiite" class="mw-redirect" title="Shiite">Shiite</a> Iran and its <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Nuclear program of Iran">nuclear program</a>. By 2017, unofficial cooperation with Saudi Arabia had been ongoing for at least 5 years, with intelligence services from both countries assisting each other and officials regularly sharing intelligence.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2016, summits and conferences between high-ranking Israeli—Palestinian and Israeli—Arab politicians and direct contacts between their security and intelligence services had not only become routine but were openly discussed in major Arab media.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2018, the Omani foreign minister visited Jerusalem, and Netanyahu, accompanied by his national security advisor and the head of <a href="/wiki/Mossad" title="Mossad">Mossad</a>, visited Oman in October "to advance the peace process in the Middle East as well as several matters of joint interest regarding the achievement of peace and stability in the Middle East", according to a joint statement.<sup id="cite_ref-visits_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visits-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also in October 2018, the Israeli sports minister attended the <a href="/wiki/2018_Judo_Grand_Slam_Abu_Dhabi" title="2018 Judo Grand Slam Abu Dhabi">2018 Judo Grand Slam Abu Dhabi</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-visits_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-visits-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Two Israeli judokas won gold medals, and Israel's national anthem was played during the award ceremonies, a first at Gulf state sporting events.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2019, Israel's foreign minister announced military cooperation with the Emirates amidst rising tensions with Iran.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/February_2019_Warsaw_Conference" title="February 2019 Warsaw Conference">February 2019 Warsaw Conference</a> was proposed by the US with the intent to build up a coalition against <a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a>. Due to West European states opposing withdrawal from the <a href="/wiki/Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Iran nuclear deal</a> and resumption of economic sanctions against Iran, host Poland played down the anti-Iranian aspects of the <a href="/wiki/February_2019_Warsaw_Conference" title="February 2019 Warsaw Conference">two-day conference</a>, and the closing Polish-US statement did not mention Iran.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Among the representatives of the 70 nations in attendance were a number of Arab officials, creating the first situation since the <a href="/wiki/Madrid_Conference_of_1991" title="Madrid Conference of 1991">Madrid Peace Conference in 1991</a> where an Israeli leader and senior Arab officials were all in attendance at the same international conference focused on the Middle East. The Madrid Conference at the time set the stage for the <a href="/wiki/Oslo_Accords" title="Oslo Accords">Oslo Accords</a>. Among those with whom Israeli prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu met was the <a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Omani</a> Foreign Minister Yusuf bin Alawi bin Abdullah—whose country he had visited in October 2018. Two days after Netanyahu's visit at the time, bin Alawi suggested while at a conference in <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a> that it was time for <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> to be treated like the other states in the Middle East, and the officials of Bahrain and <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> did not disagree.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In January 2020, Trump announced the <a href="/wiki/Trump_peace_plan" title="Trump peace plan">Trump peace plan</a> for the Middle East in a joint press conference with Israeli prime minister <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a>. The plan provided for a unified Jerusalem as Israel's capital and Israeli sovereignty over the Jordan Valley and the principal Jewish settlements in the <a href="/wiki/West_Bank" title="West Bank">West Bank</a>, amounting to annexation of roughly 30% of the territory. The Palestinians would get some desert areas near the Egyptian border, limited sovereignty, and a non-contiguous state with numerous Israeli enclaves.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-annex_30_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-annex_30-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <i>New York Times</i> wrote that "[r]ather than viewing it as a serious blueprint for peace, analysts called it a political document by a president in the middle of an impeachment trial working in tandem with Mr. Netanyahu, a prime minister under criminal indictment who is about to face his third election in a year".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agreements_between_Israel_and_the_United_Arab_Emirates_and_Bahrain">Agreements between Israel and the United Arab Emirates and Bahrain</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AccordAbrahamMap-01.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/AccordAbrahamMap-01.svg/220px-AccordAbrahamMap-01.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/AccordAbrahamMap-01.svg/330px-AccordAbrahamMap-01.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/AccordAbrahamMap-01.svg/440px-AccordAbrahamMap-01.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="398" /></a><figcaption>Signatory nations of the September 15, 2020, agreements<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#ff9933; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#0055d4; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#aa0000; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></div></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement</a></div> <p>When Netanyahu took office in May 2020, he hinted that his cabinet would begin discussing annexation of parts of the West Bank, as envisioned in the Trump peace plan, in July.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-annex_30_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-annex_30-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 12, 2020, Emirati ambassador to the US <a href="/wiki/Yousef_Al_Otaiba" title="Yousef Al Otaiba">Yousef Al Otaiba</a> authored an op-ed addressed to the Israeli public that was published on the front page of <i><a href="/wiki/Yedioth_Ahronoth" title="Yedioth Ahronoth">Yedioth Ahronoth</a></i>. He warned that Israel's planned annexation of West Bank territory would put a stop to any normalization of relations with the Emirates and other Arab states.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the end of June, Al Otaiba told Trump's son-in-law and senior adviser, <a href="/wiki/Jared_Kushner" title="Jared Kushner">Jared Kushner</a>, and his assistant, <a href="/wiki/Avi_Berkowitz" title="Avi Berkowitz">Avi Berkowitz</a>, that the <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">Emirates</a> "would agree to normalization with Israel in return for an Israeli announcement that West Bank annexation was off the table". The White House also had reservations about annexation, which Berkowitz had discussed with Israeli prime minister <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a> over three days of meetings in June 2020. Berkowitz then told Netanyahu of Al Otaiba's offer of the UAE alternative to annexation.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On July 2, 2020, Al Otaiba met with Berkowitz to further discuss the plan.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Along with a mutual opposition to Iran, the concerns detailed by Al Otaiba's op-ed and planning with Kushner and Berkowitz helped bring vested parties to the negotiating table to identify an alternative solution that ultimately resulted in a normalization agreement reached in August 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result of the deal, annexation was postponed.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_31-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hours after the August 13 announcement of the agreement between Israel and the Emirates, senior Bahraini officials called Kushner and Berkowitz with the message "We want to be next."<sup id="cite_ref-:10_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over the next 29 days, Kushner and Berkowitz negotiated with and traveled to Bahrain before closing the deal on September 11, 2020, in a call between Trump, Netanyahu, and the <a href="/wiki/King_of_Bahrain" title="King of Bahrain">king of Bahrain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:10_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:10-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Israeli prime minister Netanyahu, Emirati foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Abdullah_bin_Zayed_Al_Nahyan" title="Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan">Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan</a>, and Bahraini foreign minister <a href="/wiki/Abdullatif_bin_Rashid_Al_Zayani" title="Abdullatif bin Rashid Al Zayani">Abdullatif bin Rashid Al Zayani</a> signed the agreements on September 15, 2020, on the Truman Balcony overlooking the <a href="/wiki/South_Lawn" title="South Lawn">South Lawn</a> of the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a>. The elaborate ceremony was staged to suggest the grandeur of significant treaties of the past. According to the <i>Washington Post</i>, Trump's political backers saw the staging as a way to bolster Trump's "standing as a statesman".<sup id="cite_ref-WaPo_Signing_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WaPo_Signing-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_31-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Developments_after_the_Israel–Hamas_war"><span id="Developments_after_the_Israel.E2.80.93Hamas_war"></span>Developments after the Israel–Hamas war</h4></div> <p>On November 2, 2023, in view of the ongoing <a href="/wiki/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a>, Bahrain said that it had recalled its ambassador to Israel and that the Israeli ambassador had left Bahrain. Israel said that its relations with Bahrain were stable.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sudan">Sudan</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Sudan normalization agreement">Israel–Sudan normalization agreement</a></div> <p>On October 23, 2020, Israel and Sudan agreed to normalize ties in an agreement mediated by Trump administration officials.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of the agreement, the US removed Sudan from its list of <a href="/wiki/State_Sponsors_of_Terrorism_(U.S._list)" title="State Sponsors of Terrorism (U.S. list)">state sponsors of terrorism</a> and gave it a US$1.2 billion loan to help the Sudanese government clear the country's debts to the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-QuietlySign_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QuietlySign-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_Sudan_2_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters_Sudan_2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sudan agreed to pay US$335 million in compensation to American victims of terror, but denied any wrongdoing.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On January 6, 2021, the government of <a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a> signed the "Abraham Accords Declaration" in <a href="/wiki/Khartoum" title="Khartoum">Khartoum</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-QuietlySign_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-QuietlySign-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On February 2, 2023, Israel and Sudan announced they had finalized an agreement to normalize relations, with the signing to take place after the establishment of a civilian government in Sudan.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Normalization is widely opposed in Sudan, and <a href="/wiki/War_in_Sudan_(2023%E2%80%93present)" class="mw-redirect" title="War in Sudan (2023–present)">fighting between rival military factions</a> has delayed the signing.<sup id="cite_ref-threaten_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-threaten-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Agreement_between_Israel_and_Morocco">Agreement between Israel and Morocco</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Morocco normalization agreement">Israel–Morocco normalization agreement</a></div> <p>On December 10, 2020, President Trump announced that Israel and the Kingdom of Morocco had agreed to establish full diplomatic relations.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The agreement was negotiated by Trump senior adviser Jared Kushner and Middle East envoy Avi Berkowitz and marked Kushner and Berkowitz's fourth normalization agreement in as many months.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a component of the deal, the United States agreed to recognize Moroccan sovereignty over the <a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara" title="Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Documents">Documents</h2></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Abraham_Accords_Declaration.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Abraham_Accords_Declaration.jpg/250px-Abraham_Accords_Declaration.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Abraham_Accords_Declaration.jpg/375px-Abraham_Accords_Declaration.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Abraham_Accords_Declaration.jpg/500px-Abraham_Accords_Declaration.jpg 2x" data-file-width="732" data-file-height="948" /></a><figcaption>Abraham Accords Declaration</figcaption></figure> <p>The documents related to the Abraham Accords are as follows: </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Name</th> <th>Official name</th> <th>Date</th> <th>Signatories</th> <th>Full text </th></tr> <tr> <td>Declaration </td> <td>The Abraham Accords Declaration </td> <td>September 15, 2020 </td> <td>United States, Israel, United Arab Emirates, Bahrain </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Israel–UAE Agreement </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">Abraham Accords Peace Agreement: Treaty of Peace, Diplomatic Relations and Full Normalization Between the United Arab Emirates and the State of Israel</a> </td> <td>September 15, 2020 </td> <td>Israel, United Arab Emirates, United States (witness) </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Bahrain–Israel Agreement </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Abraham Accords: Declaration of Peace, Cooperation, and Constructive Diplomatic and Friendly Relations</a> </td> <td>September 15, 2020 </td> <td>Bahrain, Israel, United States (witness) </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Protests_and_violence">Protests and violence</h3></div> <p>After Trump left office, in February 2021, State Department spokesperson <a href="/wiki/Ned_Price" title="Ned Price">Ned Price</a> said that "the United States will continue to urge other countries to normalize relations with Israel" and that normalization is "not a substitute for Israeli-Palestinian peace... We hope that Israel and other countries in the region join together in a common effort to build bridges and... contribute to tangible progress towards the goal of advancing a negotiated peace between Israelis and Palestinians."<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Axios_(website)" title="Axios (website)">Axios</a> reported in March 2021 that the Biden administration supports widening the normalization process to other countries and that it prefers the term "normalization process" to "Abraham Accords".<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In March 2021, a group of 18 US senators introduced a bill to aid the State Department in developing an appropriate strategy "to strengthen and expand the Abraham Accords and other related normalization agreements with Israel."<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The normalization agreements were criticized by citizens of the four Arab states that signed the accords as well as many citizens of other Arab countries, especially because they failed to make progress resolving the Palestinian conflict. The criticism increased in May 2021 after violent protests erupted in Jerusalem, Hamas fired rockets into Israel, and Israel retaliated with airstrikes on Gaza.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a> Central Committee member said the Abraham Accords, were "one of the reasons" for the <a href="/wiki/2023_Hamas-led_attack_on_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel">October 7, 2023, attack by Hamas on Israel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Becker_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Becker-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="United_Arab_Emirates">United Arab Emirates</h3></div> <p>In August 2020, the Emirates for the first time established telephone links to Israel by unblocking direct dialing to Israel's +972 country code.<sup id="cite_ref-PhineLink_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PhineLink-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the war in Gaza was escalating, the Emiratis were beginning to get frustrated with the accords. Many had been afraid to speak publicly due to lack of free speech in the Emirates.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="No need to prove that there is a lack of freedom of speech in Bahrain, but some quotation about people being actively unhappy with the accords who were not able to talk about it. (January 2025)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> However, the Dubai deputy police chief, Dhahi Khalfan said that Israel "proved that its intentions are evil" and that the Gulf leaders must "reconsider the issue of dealing with Israel". However, the Emirati officials didn't express any intentions to cut ties with Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Morocco">Morocco</h3></div> <p>In August 2021, the agreement was cited by Algeria as one of the reasons for unilaterally cutting relations with Morocco.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2021, the Israeli minister of defense, <a href="/wiki/Benny_Gantz" title="Benny Gantz">Benny Gantz</a>, signed a joint security understandings agreement with Moroccan defense minister <a href="/wiki/Abdellatif_Loudiyi" title="Abdellatif Loudiyi">Abdellatif Loudiyi</a>, the first time that Israel openly signed such an agreement openly with an Arab state. The agreement formalized the defense ties between the two countries, allowing for smoother cooperation between their defense establishments.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oman">Oman</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Oman" title="Oman">Oman</a> postponed a decision to normalize ties with Israel until after the <a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="2020 United States presidential election">US presidential election</a> on November 3, 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In February 2021, Foreign Minister Badr al-Busaidi said that Oman would keep their level of "relations and dialogue" with Israel, involving the "appropriate channels of communication", and that Oman was "committed to peace between Israel and the Palestinians based on a two-state solution."<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Expansion_to_other_Muslim-majority_states">Expansion to other Muslim-majority states</h3></div> <p>In June 2023, US Secretary of State <a href="/wiki/Antony_Blinken" title="Antony Blinken">Antony Blinken</a> warned Israel that rising tensions with the Palestinians, including through advancing settlement activity, threatened the expansion of normalization agreements with Arab nations, particularly Saudi Arabia. Speaking alongside Blinken earlier in June, the Saudi Foreign Minister had stated that "without finding a pathway to peace for the Palestinian people ... any normalization will have limited benefits."<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Abraham_Fund">Abraham Fund</h3></div> <p>The Abraham Fund was a program established by the US Government that was supposed to raise $3 billion to boost trade and agriculture in the region, facilitate access to clean water and affordable electricity, and "enable strategic infrastructure projects".<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-stake_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stake-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The fund was set up as an arm of the newly-formed <a href="/wiki/U.S._International_Development_Finance_Corporation" title="U.S. International Development Finance Corporation">U.S. International Development Finance Corporation</a> (DFC) and to be overseen by the DFC's chief executive officer <a href="/wiki/Adam_Boehler" title="Adam Boehler">Adam Boehler</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-stake_60-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stake-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who had been Kushner's college roommate.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_boehler_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt_boehler-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its first projects were reported to be the upgrading of checkpoints between Israel and Palestinian territories and a gas pipeline to be built between the Red Sea and the Mediterranean. Despite numerous visits by Kushner and US secretary of the treasury <a href="/wiki/Steven_Mnuchin" title="Steven Mnuchin">Steven Mnuchin</a> with rulers in the region in the last months of the Trump presidency, the fund never received any money, and no projects were ever begun.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt_boehler_63-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt_boehler-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the transition to the Biden administration and the resignation of its Trump-appointed manager, the future of the fund was thrown into question.<sup id="cite_ref-stake_60-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stake-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Jordan_solar_power_plant">Jordan solar power plant</h3></div> <p>In November 2021, Israel, the Emirates, and Jordan signed a letter of intent for the sale of 600 MW of electricity to Israel annually, produced by solar farms in Jordan to be built by the UAE government-owned <a href="/wiki/Masdar" title="Masdar">Masdar</a>, while Israel would sell 200 million cubic meters of desalinated water to Jordan each year.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A renewed memorandum of understanding was signed in November 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The purchase agreements were scheduled to be signed in November 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/COP28" class="mw-redirect" title="COP28">COP28</a> climate change conference in Dubai but were removed from the agenda because of the <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Israel–Hamas war">Israel–Hamas war</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economic_impact">Economic impact</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Isaac_Herzog_Presidential_Visit_to_the_United_Arab_Emirates,_January_2022_(GPOABG_3702).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Isaac_Herzog_Presidential_Visit_to_the_United_Arab_Emirates%2C_January_2022_%28GPOABG_3702%29.jpg/220px-Isaac_Herzog_Presidential_Visit_to_the_United_Arab_Emirates%2C_January_2022_%28GPOABG_3702%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Isaac_Herzog_Presidential_Visit_to_the_United_Arab_Emirates%2C_January_2022_%28GPOABG_3702%29.jpg/330px-Isaac_Herzog_Presidential_Visit_to_the_United_Arab_Emirates%2C_January_2022_%28GPOABG_3702%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Isaac_Herzog_Presidential_Visit_to_the_United_Arab_Emirates%2C_January_2022_%28GPOABG_3702%29.jpg/440px-Isaac_Herzog_Presidential_Visit_to_the_United_Arab_Emirates%2C_January_2022_%28GPOABG_3702%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2735" data-file-height="1874" /></a><figcaption>Israeli president Isaac Herzog with Emirati president <a href="/wiki/Mohamed_bin_Zayed_Al_Nahyan" title="Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan">Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan</a> in <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a>, January 2022</figcaption></figure> <p>While Israel and the Emirates had long-maintained de facto recognition in areas of business including the diamond trade,<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and high tech industries including artificial intelligence<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and defense,<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the accord opened the door to a much wider range of economic cooperation, including formal investments. In November 2021, <a href="/wiki/OurCrowd" title="OurCrowd">OurCrowd</a> Arabia became the first Israeli venture capital firm to receive a license from the Abu Dhabi Global Market (ADGM),<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and in November 2022, OurCrowd launched Integrated Data Intelligence Ltd. (IDI), offering artificial intelligence for business, in Abu Dhabi as part of a $60 million joint investment with the Abu Dhabi Investment Office.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together with OurCrowd, in November 2022, fintech company Liquidity Group opened an office as part of a $545 million government incentive program.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A host of Israeli and Emirati law enterprises including law firms and healthcare providers announced collaborations.<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lishot, an Israeli water quality testing company was among the first Israeli firms making direct deliveries to Dubai.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of kosher restaurants were opened in the Emirates to cater to Jewish visitors.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Abu Dhabi Investment Office opened its first overseas branch in Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Emirati businesses and individuals began acquiring stakes in Israeli assets, such as <a href="/wiki/Beitar_Jerusalem_F.C." title="Beitar Jerusalem F.C.">Beitar Jerusalem football team</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Haifa" title="Port of Haifa">Haifa Port Company</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Israir_Airlines" class="mw-redirect" title="Israir Airlines">Israir Airlines</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Defense_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Defense (Israel)">Israel's Ministry of Defense</a>, the value of Israeli defense exports to countries with which it normalized relations in 2020 reached $791 million.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trump's envoy Jared Kushner, his treasury secretary Steve Mnuchin, and his ambassador to Israel David Friedman, now have ownership stakes in funds receiving billions of dollars of investments directly from the governments of Saudi Arabia, the Emirates, and Qatar, raising complaints about conflicts of interest.<sup id="cite_ref-Becker_51-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Becker-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Environmental_impact">Environmental impact</h2></div> <p>On August 14, 2021, the <i><a href="/wiki/Associated_Press" title="Associated Press">Associated Press</a></i> reported that a secret oil deal between Israel and the Emirates struck in 2020 as part of the Abraham Accords, has turned the Israeli resort town of <a href="/wiki/Eilat" title="Eilat">Eilat</a> into a waypoint for Emirati oil headed for Western markets. It was expected to endanger the <a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a> reefs, which host some of the greatest coral diversity on the planet. As <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a> also share the gulf's waters, an ecological disaster was likely to impact their ecosystems.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Collaborative_efforts">Collaborative efforts</h2></div> <p>In mid-December 2020, a delegation from the Emirates and Bahrain visited Israel, the <a href="/wiki/Israeli-occupied_territories" title="Israeli-occupied territories">occupied</a> <a href="/wiki/Golan_Heights" title="Golan Heights">Golan Heights</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> with the aim of cultural exchange as part of the normalization process. The delegations held a meeting with Israel President <a href="/wiki/Reuven_Rivlin" title="Reuven Rivlin">Reuven Rivlin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In January 2021, a collaborative event was organized by <a href="/wiki/Am_Yisrael_Foundation#Tel_Aviv_International_Salon" title="Am Yisrael Foundation">Tel Aviv International Salon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sharaka" title="Sharaka">Sharaka</a>, and <a href="/wiki/OurCrowd" title="OurCrowd">OurCrowd</a> to attain the 'business of peace' between Persian Gulf countries and the state of Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From March 23–25, 2021, a virtual hackathon event was organized by <i>Israel-is</i>, which gathered participants from the Emirates, Bahrain, and Morocco, as well as Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Then on March 27, 2021, an event was organized to commemorate <a href="/wiki/International_Holocaust_Remembrance_Day" title="International Holocaust Remembrance Day">International Holocaust Memorial Day</a>, which again saw participation from the Emirates, Bahrain and Morocco, as well as Saudi Arabia.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>March 2021 also saw the Israeli and Emirati national rugby teams play their first-ever match, in honor of the Abraham Accords.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In June 2021, influencers from UAE, Bahrain, Morocco, and Egypt visited <a href="/wiki/Magen_David_Adom" title="Magen David Adom">Magen David Adom</a>, Israel's ambulance service, focused on Magen David Adom's "lifesaving work and its technological expertise". The visit was filmed for "<i>Finding Abraham</i>", a film that was premiered at the UN on the anniversary of the signing of the Abraham Accords in September 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opinion_polling">Opinion polling</h2></div> <p>Surveys show that in Arab countries that have signed normalization agreements with Israel, the majority of citizens view the Abraham Accords negatively.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 2022, 76% of Saudi respondents said they had negative views of the Abraham Accords.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the poll conducted by <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Institute_for_Near_East_Policy" title="The Washington Institute for Near East Policy">The Washington Institute for Near East Policy</a></i> between November 14 and December 6, 2023, 96% of Saudi participants believed that Arab nations should cut ties with Israel, and only 16% of Saudis said <a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a> should accept a <a href="/wiki/Two-state_solution" title="Two-state solution">two-state solution</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/28px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/42px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/56px-Asia_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="541" data-file-height="541" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Asia" title="Portal:Asia">Asia portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/48px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/64px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Israel" title="Portal:Israel">Israel portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/32px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/48px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/64px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Bahrain" title="Portal:Bahrain">Bahrain portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_Arab_Emirates" title="Portal:United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/32px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/48px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/64px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:United_States" title="Portal:United States">United States portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camp_David_Accords" title="Camp David Accords">Camp David Accords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty" title="Egypt–Israel peace treaty">Egypt–Israel peace treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty" title="Israel–Jordan peace treaty">Israel–Jordan peace treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_alliance" title="Arab–Israeli alliance">Arab–Israeli alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Abrahamic_Alliance" title="Indo-Abrahamic Alliance">Indo-Abrahamic Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel proxy conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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.citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ajc.org/news/moroccan-foreign-minister-bourita-says-abraham-accords-provide-incredible-momentum-for-peace">"Moroccan Foreign Minister Bourita Says Abraham Accords Provide "Incredible Momentum" for Peace in Middle East | AJC"</a>. <i>www.ajc.org</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+Hayom&rft.atitle=Abraham+Accords+inspire+first+Arab-led+commemoration+of+Holocaust&rft.date=2021-01-28&rft.aulast=Rudee&rft.aufirst=Eliana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.israelhayom.com%2F2021%2F01%2F28%2Fabraham-accords-inspire-first-arab-led-commemoration-of-holocaust%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Accords" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRudee2021" class="citation news cs1">Rudee, Eliana (January 27, 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jns.org/in-a-first-arab-initiated-event-commemorates-the-holocaust-in-wake-of-abraham-accords/">"In a first, Arab-initiated event commemorates the Holocaust in wake of Abraham Accords"</a>. Jewish News Syndicate<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=In+a+first%2C+Arab-initiated+event+commemorates+the+Holocaust+in+wake+of+Abraham+Accords&rft.date=2021-01-27&rft.aulast=Rudee&rft.aufirst=Eliana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jns.org%2Fin-a-first-arab-initiated-event-commemorates-the-holocaust-in-wake-of-abraham-accords%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Accords" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.i24news.tv/en/news/sport/1616188913-israel-uae-rugby-teams-celebrate-abraham-accords-in-friendly">"Israel, UAE rugby teams celebrate Abraham Accords in friendly"</a>. i24News<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 26,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Israel%2C+UAE+rugby+teams+celebrate+Abraham+Accords+in+friendly&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.i24news.tv%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fsport%2F1616188913-israel-uae-rugby-teams-celebrate-abraham-accords-in-friendly&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Accords" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mdauk.org/the-start-of-a-beautiful-friendship/">"The Start of a Beautiful Friendship"</a>. <i>mdauk.org</i>. July 7, 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220208183604/https://mdauk.org/the-start-of-a-beautiful-friendship/">Archived</a> from the original on February 8, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 8,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=mdauk.org&rft.atitle=The+Start+of+a+Beautiful+Friendship&rft.date=2021-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmdauk.org%2Fthe-start-of-a-beautiful-friendship%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Accords" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-94"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-94">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/10/09/world/middleeast/mideast-palestine-support-gaza.html">"Across the Mideast, a Surge of Support for Palestinians as War Erupts in Gaza"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. October 9, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Across+the+Mideast%2C+a+Surge+of+Support+for+Palestinians+as+War+Erupts+in+Gaza&rft.date=2023-10-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F10%2F09%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fmideast-palestine-support-gaza.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Accords" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-95"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-95">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/03/09/us/politics/saudi-arabia-israel-united-states.html">"Saudi Arabia Offers Its Price to Normalize Relations With Israel"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. March 11, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Saudi+Arabia+Offers+Its+Price+to+Normalize+Relations+With+Israel&rft.date=2023-03-11&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F03%2F09%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fsaudi-arabia-israel-united-states.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Accords" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-96"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-96">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/22/world/middleeast/saudi-arabia-poll-israel-gaza-war-hamas.html">"Saudis Overwhelmingly Oppose Ties With Israel, Poll Finds"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. December 22, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Saudis+Overwhelmingly+Oppose+Ties+With+Israel%2C+Poll+Finds&rft.date=2023-12-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2023%2F12%2F22%2Fworld%2Fmiddleeast%2Fsaudi-arabia-poll-israel-gaza-war-hamas.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAbraham+Accords" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Arab–Israeli_conflict27" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" title="Template:Arab–Israeli conflict"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" title="Template talk:Arab–Israeli conflict"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" 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<li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Iraq" title="Kingdom of Iraq">Iraqi Kingdom</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ba%27athist_Iraq" title="Ba'athist Iraq">Ba'athist Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Authority" title="Palestinian Authority">Palestinian Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Syrian_Republic" title="Second Syrian Republic">Syrian Republic</a> and <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Ba'athist Syria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amal_Movement" title="Amal Movement">Amal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Aqsa_Martyrs%27_Brigades" title="Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades">al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Liberation_Front" title="Arab Liberation Front">Arab Liberation Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_Islam_(Gaza)" title="Army of Islam (Gaza)">Army of Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine" title="Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine">DFLP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatah" title="Fatah">Fatah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guardians_of_the_Cedars" title="Guardians of the Cedars">Guardians of the Cedars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamas" title="Hamas">Hamas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah" title="Hezbollah">Hezbollah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kataeb_Party" title="Kataeb Party">Kataeb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_Forces" title="Lebanese Forces">Lebanese Forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Mourabitoun" title="Al-Mourabitoun">al-Mourabitoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_Brotherhood" title="Muslim Brotherhood">Muslim Brotherhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Islamic_Jihad" title="Palestinian Islamic Jihad">PIJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Liberation_Front" title="Palestinian Liberation Front">PLF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine_Liberation_Organization" title="Palestine Liberation Organization">PLO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Popular_Struggle_Front" title="Palestinian Popular Struggle Front">Palestinian Popular Struggle Front</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine">PFLP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Front_for_the_Liberation_of_Palestine_%E2%80%93_General_Command" title="Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine – General Command">PFLP-GC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popular_Resistance_Committees" title="Popular Resistance Committees">Popular Resistance Committees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/As-Sa%27iqa" title="As-Sa'iqa">as-Sa'iqa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_Social_Nationalist_Party" title="Syrian Social Nationalist Party">Syrian Social Nationalist Party</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Nidal_Organization" title="Abu Nidal Organization">Abu Nidal Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Higher_Committee" title="Arab Higher Committee">Arab Higher Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Liberation_Army" title="Arab Liberation Army">Arab Liberation Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_September_Organization" title="Black September Organization">Black September Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haganah" title="Haganah">Haganah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Holy_War" title="Army of the Holy War">Holy War Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irgun" title="Irgun">Irgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_Red_Army" title="Japanese Red Army">Japanese Red Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehi_(militant_group)" title="Lehi (militant group)">Lehi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmach" title="Palmach">Palmach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Cells_(German_group)" title="Revolutionary Cells (German group)">Revolutionary Cells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Lebanon_Army" title="South Lebanon Army">South Lebanon Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemen" title="Yemen">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Transnational</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Republic" title="United Arab Republic">United Arab Republic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_armed_engagements" title="Template:Arab–Israeli armed engagements"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_armed_engagements" title="Template talk:Arab–Israeli armed engagements"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_armed_engagements" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arab–Israeli armed engagements"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Armed_engagements104" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" title="History of the Arab–Israeli conflict">Armed engagements</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1947–1959</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1948_Palestine_war" title="1948 Palestine war">1948 Palestine war</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_War" title="1948 Arab–Israeli War">Arab–Israeli War</a> (1948–1949)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_Fedayeen_insurgency" title="Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency">Palestinian Fedayeen insurgency</a> (1949–1956)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Suez_Crisis" title="Suez Crisis">Suez Crisis</a> (1956)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1960–1979</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Samu_incident" class="mw-redirect" title="Samu incident">Samu incident</a> (1966)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Six-Day_War" title="Six-Day War">Six-Day War</a> (1967)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/War_of_Attrition" title="War of Attrition">War of Attrition</a> (1967–1970)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Karameh" title="Battle of Karameh">Battle of Karameh</a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_insurgency_in_South_Lebanon" title="Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon">Palestinian insurgency in South Lebanon</a> (1968–1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1968_Israeli_raid_on_Lebanon" class="mw-redirect" title="1968 Israeli raid on Lebanon"><i>Gift</i></a> (1968)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yom_Kippur_War" title="Yom Kippur War">Yom Kippur War</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sabena_Flight_571" title="Sabena Flight 571">Sabena Flight 571</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lod_Airport_massacre" title="Lod Airport massacre">Lod Airport massacre</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Munich_massacre" title="Munich massacre">Munich massacre</a> (1972)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mossad_assassinations_following_the_Munich_massacre" title="Mossad assassinations following the Munich massacre"><i>Bayonet</i></a> (1972–1979)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Arab_Airlines_Flight_114" title="Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114">Libyan Arab Airlines Flight 114</a> (1973)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ma%27alot_massacre" title="Ma'alot massacre">Ma'alot massacre</a> (1974)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Savoy_Hotel_attack" title="Savoy Hotel attack">Savoy Hotel attack</a> (1975)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Entebbe_raid" title="Entebbe raid"><i>Entebbe</i></a> (1976)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Coastal_Road_massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Coastal Road massacre">Coastal Road massacre</a> (1978)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1978_South_Lebanon_conflict" title="1978 South Lebanon conflict"><i>Litani</i></a> (1978)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980–1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Misgav_Am_hostage_crisis" title="Misgav Am hostage crisis">Misgav Am hostage crisis</a> (1980)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Opera" title="Operation Opera"><i>Opera</i></a> (1981)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1982_Lebanon_War" title="1982 Lebanon War">Lebanon War</a> (1982)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bus_300_affair" title="Bus 300 affair">Bus 300 affair</a> (1984)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/South_Lebanon_conflict_(1985%E2%80%932000)" title="South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)">South Lebanon conflict</a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Wooden_Leg" title="Operation Wooden Leg"><i>Wooden Leg</i></a> (1985)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_Intifada" title="First Intifada">First Intifada</a> (1987–1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mothers%27_Bus_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="Mothers' Bus attack">Mothers' Bus attack</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Khalil_al-Wazir#Assassination" title="Khalil al-Wazir">Tunis raid</a> (1988)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/1991_Iraqi_missile_attacks_against_Israel" title="1991 Iraqi missile attacks against Israel">Iraqi missile attacks against Israel</a> (1991)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bramble_Bush" title="Operation Bramble Bush"><i>Bramble Bush</i></a> (1992)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_suicide_attacks" title="Palestinian suicide attacks">Palestinian suicide attacks</a> (1993–2008; <a href="/wiki/List_of_Palestinian_suicide_attacks" title="List of Palestinian suicide attacks">list</a>)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Accountability" title="Operation Accountability"><i>Accountability</i></a> (1993)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Grapes_of_Wrath" title="Operation Grapes of Wrath"><i>Grapes of Wrath</i></a> (1996)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000–2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_Intifada" title="Second Intifada">Second Intifada</a> (2000–2005)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_rocket_attacks_on_Israel" title="Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel">Palestinian rocket attacks on Israel</a> (2001–)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ain_es_Saheb_airstrike" title="Ain es Saheb airstrike">Ain es Saheb airstrike</a> (2003)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Bringing_Home_the_Goods" title="Operation Bringing Home the Goods"><i>Bringing Home the Goods</i></a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="2006 Gaza–Israel conflict"><i>Summer Rains</i></a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Israeli_operation_in_Beit_Hanoun" title="2006 Israeli operation in Beit Hanoun"><i>Autumn Clouds</i></a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2006_Lebanon_War" title="2006 Lebanon War">Lebanon War</a> (2006)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel conflict</a> (2006–)</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Hot_Winter" title="Operation Hot Winter"><i>Hot Winter</i></a> (2007–2008)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009)" title="Gaza War (2008–2009)">Gaza War</a> (2008–2009)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2010_Palestinian_militancy_campaign" title="2010 Palestinian militancy campaign">Palestinian militancy campaign</a> (2010)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2011_southern_Israel_cross-border_attacks" title="2011 southern Israel cross-border attacks">Southern Israel cross-border attacks</a> (2011)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/March_2012_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_clashes" title="March 2012 Gaza–Israel clashes"><i>Returning Echo</i></a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2012_Israeli_operation_in_the_Gaza_Strip" class="mw-redirect" title="2012 Israeli operation in the Gaza Strip"><i>Pillar of Defense</i></a> (2012)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2014_Gaza_War" title="2014 Gaza War">Gaza War</a> (2014)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2015%E2%80%932016_wave_of_violence_in_the_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="2015–2016 wave of violence in the Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Wave of violence</a> (2015–2016)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%932019_Gaza_border_protests" title="2018–2019 Gaza border protests">Gaza border protests</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/November_2018_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_clashes" title="November 2018 Gaza–Israel clashes">Gaza–Israel clashes</a> (2018)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/May_2019_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_clashes" title="May 2019 Gaza–Israel clashes">Gaza–Israel clashes</a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_clashes" title="November 2019 Gaza–Israel clashes"><i>Black Belt</i></a> (2019)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_Israel%E2%80%93Palestine_crisis" title="2021 Israel–Palestine crisis">Israel–Palestine crisis</a> (2021)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2022_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_clashes" title="2022 Gaza–Israel clashes"><i>Breaking Dawn</i></a> (2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/May_2023_Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_clashes" title="May 2023 Gaza–Israel clashes"><i>Shield and Arrow</i></a> (2023)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gaza_war" title="Gaza war">Gaza war</a> (2023–)</span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_diplomacy" title="Template:Arab–Israeli diplomacy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_diplomacy" title="Template talk:Arab–Israeli diplomacy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_diplomacy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arab–Israeli diplomacy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Diplomacy_and_peace_proposals144" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomacy and <a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_normalization" title="Arab–Israeli normalization">peace proposals</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1914 <a href="/wiki/Damascus_Protocol" title="Damascus Protocol">Damascus Protocol</a></li> <li>1915 <a href="/wiki/McMahon%E2%80%93Hussein_Correspondence" class="mw-redirect" title="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">McMahon–Hussein Correspondence</a></li> <li>1916 <a href="/wiki/Sykes%E2%80%93Picot_Agreement" title="Sykes–Picot Agreement">Sykes–Picot Agreement</a></li> <li>1917 <a href="/wiki/Balfour_Declaration" title="Balfour Declaration">Balfour Declaration</a></li> <li>1918 <a href="/wiki/Declaration_to_the_Seven" title="Declaration to the Seven">Declaration to the Seven</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anglo-French_Declaration" title="Anglo-French Declaration">Anglo-French Declaration</a></li> <li>1919 <a href="/wiki/Faisal%E2%80%93Weizmann_agreement" title="Faisal–Weizmann agreement">Faisal–Weizmann agreement</a></li> <li>1920 <a href="/wiki/San_Remo_conference" title="San Remo conference">San Remo conference</a></li> <li>1922 <a href="/wiki/Churchill_White_Paper" title="Churchill White Paper">Churchill White Paper</a></li> <li>1937 <a href="/wiki/Peel_Commission" title="Peel Commission">Peel Commission</a></li> <li>1939 <a href="/wiki/White_Paper_of_1939" title="White Paper of 1939">White Paper</a></li> <li>1939 <a href="/wiki/London_Conference_of_1939" title="London Conference of 1939">London Conference</a></li> <li>1946 <a href="/wiki/Morrison%E2%80%93Grady_Plan" title="Morrison–Grady Plan">Morrison–Grady Plan</a></li> <li>1947 <a href="/wiki/Bevin_Plan" title="Bevin Plan">Bevin Plan</a></li> <li>1946–47 <a href="/wiki/London_Conference_of_1946%E2%80%931947" title="London Conference of 1946–1947">London Conference</a></li> <li>1947 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Partition_Plan_for_Palestine" title="United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine">UN Partition Plan</a></li> <li>1948 <a href="/wiki/American_trusteeship_proposal_for_Palestine" title="American trusteeship proposal for Palestine">American trusteeship proposal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1948–1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1948 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_194" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194">UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 194</a></li> <li>1949 <a href="/wiki/1949_Armistice_Agreements" title="1949 Armistice Agreements">Armistice agreements</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lausanne_Conference_of_1949" title="Lausanne Conference of 1949">Lausanne Conference</a></li> <li>1950 <a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Declaration_of_1950" title="Tripartite Declaration of 1950">Tripartite Declaration</a></li> <li>1967 <a href="/wiki/Khartoum_Resolution" title="Khartoum Resolution">Khartoum Resolution</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_242" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 242">UN Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 242</a></li> <li>1973 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_338" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 338">UNSC Resolution 338</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_339" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 339">UNSC Resolution 339</a></li> <li>1974 <a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Disengagement_between_Israel_and_Syria" title="Agreement on Disengagement between Israel and Syria">Israel–Syria disengagement agreement</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_350" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 350">UNSC Resolution 350</a></li> <li>1978 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_425" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 425">UNSC Resolution 425</a> / <a href="/wiki/Camp_David_Accords" title="Camp David Accords">Camp David Accords</a></li> <li>1979 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_446" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 446">UNSC Resolution 446</a> / <a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty" title="Egypt–Israel peace treaty">Egypt–Israel peace treaty</a> <small><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_autonomy_talks" title="Palestinian autonomy talks">Palestinian autonomy talks</a></small> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_452" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 452">UNSC Resolution 452</a></li> <li>1980 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_478" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 478">UNSC Resolution 478</a></li> <li>1981 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_497" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 497">UNSC Resolution 497</a></li> <li>1981–1982 <a href="/wiki/Fahd_Plan" title="Fahd Plan">Fahd Plan</a></li> <li>1982 <a href="/wiki/Reagan_peace_plan" title="Reagan peace plan">Reagan peace plan</a></li> <li>1983 <a href="/wiki/May_17_Agreement" title="May 17 Agreement">Israel–Lebanon agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991–2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1991 <a href="/wiki/Madrid_Conference_of_1991" title="Madrid Conference of 1991">Madrid Conference</a></li> <li>1993 <a href="/wiki/Oslo_Accords" title="Oslo Accords">Oslo Accords</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Jericho_Agreement" title="Gaza–Jericho Agreement">Gaza–Jericho Agreement</a> / <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty" title="Israel–Jordan peace treaty">Israel–Jordan peace treaty</a></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Beilin%E2%80%93Abu_Mazen_agreement" title="Beilin–Abu Mazen agreement">Beilin–Abu Mazen agreement</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/wiki/Wye_River_Memorandum" title="Wye River Memorandum">Wye River Memorandum</a></li> <li>1999 <a href="/wiki/Sharm_El_Sheikh_Memorandum" title="Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum">Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum</a></li> <li>2000 <a href="/wiki/2000_Camp_David_Summit" title="2000 Camp David Summit">Camp David Summit</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_Clinton_Parameters" title="The Clinton Parameters">Clinton Parameters</a></li> <li>2000 <a href="/wiki/Isratin" title="Isratin">Isratin</a></li> <li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Taba_Summit" title="Taba Summit">Taba Summit</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/2002_Arab_League_summit" title="2002 Arab League summit">Beirut Summit and peace initiative</a> / <a href="/wiki/Road_map_for_peace" title="Road map for peace">Road map</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Initiative" title="Geneva Initiative">Geneva Initiative</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1559" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1559">UNSC Resolution 1559</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1566" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1566">UNSC Resolution 1566</a></li> <li>2005 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1583" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1583">UNSC Resolution 1583</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sharm_El_Sheikh_Summit_of_2005" title="Sharm El Sheikh Summit of 2005">Sharm El Sheikh Summit</a> / <a href="/wiki/Israeli_disengagement_from_Gaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli disengagement from Gaza">Israeli disengagement from Gaza</a> / <a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_the_Gaza_Strip#2005_Agreement_on_Movement_and_Access" title="Blockade of the Gaza Strip">Agreement on Movement and Access</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1850" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1850">UNSC Resolution 1850</a> / <a href="/wiki/Quartet_Principles" title="Quartet Principles">Quartet Principles</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1701" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701">UNSC Resolution 1701</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Conference" title="Annapolis Conference">Annapolis Conference</a></li> <li>2010 <a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%932011_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_talks" title="2010–2011 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks">Israeli–Palestinian peace talks</a></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/2013%E2%80%932014_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_talks" title="2013–2014 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks">Israeli–Palestinian peace talks</a></li> <li>2016 <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_Parameters" title="John Kerry Parameters">John Kerry Parameters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2019 <a href="/wiki/Trump_peace_plan" title="Trump peace plan">Trump peace plan</a></li> <li>2020 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Accords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">Israel–UAE normalization agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Sudan normalization agreement">Israel–Sudan normalization agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Morocco normalization agreement">Israel–Morocco normalization agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Lebanese_maritime_border_dispute" title="Israeli–Lebanese maritime border dispute">Israeli–Lebanese maritime border agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Diplomacy_and_peace_proposals_in_the_Arab–Israeli_conflict215" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_diplomacy" title="Template:Arab–Israeli diplomacy"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_diplomacy" title="Template talk:Arab–Israeli diplomacy"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_diplomacy" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Arab–Israeli diplomacy"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Diplomacy_and_peace_proposals_in_the_Arab–Israeli_conflict215" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomacy and <a href="/wiki/List_of_Middle_East_peace_proposals" title="List of Middle East peace proposals">peace proposals</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_normalization" title="Arab–Israeli normalization">Arab–Israeli conflict</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Background</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1914 <a href="/wiki/Damascus_Protocol" title="Damascus Protocol">Damascus Protocol</a></li> <li>1915 <a href="/wiki/McMahon%E2%80%93Hussein_Correspondence" class="mw-redirect" title="McMahon–Hussein Correspondence">McMahon–Hussein Correspondence</a></li> <li>1916 <a href="/wiki/Sykes%E2%80%93Picot_Agreement" title="Sykes–Picot Agreement">Sykes–Picot Agreement</a></li> <li>1917 <a href="/wiki/Balfour_Declaration" title="Balfour Declaration">Balfour Declaration</a></li> <li>1918 <a href="/wiki/Declaration_to_the_Seven" title="Declaration to the Seven">Declaration to the Seven</a> / <a href="/wiki/Anglo-French_Declaration" title="Anglo-French Declaration">Anglo-French Declaration</a></li> <li>1919 <a href="/wiki/Faisal%E2%80%93Weizmann_agreement" title="Faisal–Weizmann agreement">Faisal–Weizmann agreement</a></li> <li>1920 <a href="/wiki/San_Remo_conference" title="San Remo conference">San Remo conference</a></li> <li>1922 <a href="/wiki/Churchill_White_Paper" title="Churchill White Paper">Churchill White Paper</a></li> <li>1937 <a href="/wiki/Peel_Commission" title="Peel Commission">Peel Commission</a></li> <li>1939 <a href="/wiki/White_Paper_of_1939" title="White Paper of 1939">White Paper</a></li> <li>1939 <a href="/wiki/London_Conference_of_1939" title="London Conference of 1939">London Conference</a></li> <li>1946 <a href="/wiki/Morrison%E2%80%93Grady_Plan" title="Morrison–Grady Plan">Morrison–Grady Plan</a></li> <li>1947 <a href="/wiki/Bevin_Plan" title="Bevin Plan">Bevin Plan</a></li> <li>1946–47 <a href="/wiki/London_Conference_of_1946%E2%80%931947" title="London Conference of 1946–1947">London Conference</a></li> <li>1947 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Partition_Plan_for_Palestine" title="United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine">UN Partition Plan</a></li> <li>1948 <a href="/wiki/American_trusteeship_proposal_for_Palestine" title="American trusteeship proposal for Palestine">American trusteeship proposal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1948–1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1948 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_General_Assembly_Resolution_194" title="United Nations General Assembly Resolution 194">UN General Assembly (UNGA) Resolution 194</a></li> <li>1949 <a href="/wiki/1949_Armistice_Agreements" title="1949 Armistice Agreements">Armistice agreements</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lausanne_Conference_of_1949" title="Lausanne Conference of 1949">Lausanne Conference</a></li> <li>1950 <a href="/wiki/Tripartite_Declaration_of_1950" title="Tripartite Declaration of 1950">Tripartite Declaration</a></li> <li>1967 <a href="/wiki/Khartoum_Resolution" title="Khartoum Resolution">Khartoum Resolution</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_242" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 242">UN Security Council (UNSC) Resolution 242</a></li> <li>1973 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_338" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 338">UNSC Resolution 338</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_339" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 339">UNSC Resolution 339</a></li> <li>1974 <a href="/wiki/Agreement_on_Disengagement_between_Israel_and_Syria" title="Agreement on Disengagement between Israel and Syria">Israel–Syria disengagement agreement</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_350" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 350">UNSC Resolution 350</a></li> <li>1978 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_425" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 425">UNSC Resolution 425</a> / <a href="/wiki/Camp_David_Accords" title="Camp David Accords">Camp David Accords</a></li> <li>1979 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_446" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 446">UNSC Resolution 446</a> / <a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty" title="Egypt–Israel peace treaty">Egypt–Israel peace treaty</a> <small><a href="/wiki/Palestinian_autonomy_talks" title="Palestinian autonomy talks">Palestinian autonomy talks</a></small> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_452" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 452">UNSC Resolution 452</a></li> <li>1980 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_478" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 478">UNSC Resolution 478</a></li> <li>1981 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_497" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 497">UNSC Resolution 497</a></li> <li>1981–1982 <a href="/wiki/Fahd_Plan" title="Fahd Plan">Fahd Plan</a></li> <li>1982 <a href="/wiki/Reagan_peace_plan" title="Reagan peace plan">Reagan peace plan</a></li> <li>1983 <a href="/wiki/May_17_Agreement" title="May 17 Agreement">Israel–Lebanon agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1991–2016</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1991 <a href="/wiki/Madrid_Conference_of_1991" title="Madrid Conference of 1991">Madrid Conference</a></li> <li>1993 <a href="/wiki/Oslo_Accords" title="Oslo Accords">Oslo Accords</a></li> <li>1994 <a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Jericho_Agreement" title="Gaza–Jericho Agreement">Gaza–Jericho Agreement</a> / <a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty" title="Israel–Jordan peace treaty">Israel–Jordan peace treaty</a></li> <li>1995 <a href="/wiki/Beilin%E2%80%93Abu_Mazen_agreement" title="Beilin–Abu Mazen agreement">Beilin–Abu Mazen agreement</a></li> <li>1998 <a href="/wiki/Wye_River_Memorandum" title="Wye River Memorandum">Wye River Memorandum</a></li> <li>1999 <a href="/wiki/Sharm_El_Sheikh_Memorandum" title="Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum">Sharm El Sheikh Memorandum</a></li> <li>2000 <a href="/wiki/2000_Camp_David_Summit" title="2000 Camp David Summit">Camp David Summit</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_Clinton_Parameters" title="The Clinton Parameters">Clinton Parameters</a></li> <li>2000 <a href="/wiki/Isratin" title="Isratin">Isratin</a></li> <li>2001 <a href="/wiki/Taba_Summit" title="Taba Summit">Taba Summit</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/2002_Arab_League_summit" title="2002 Arab League summit">Beirut Summit and peace initiative</a> / <a href="/wiki/Road_map_for_peace" title="Road map for peace">Road map</a></li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/Geneva_Initiative" title="Geneva Initiative">Geneva Initiative</a></li> <li>2004 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1559" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1559">UNSC Resolution 1559</a> / <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1566" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1566">UNSC Resolution 1566</a></li> <li>2005 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1583" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1583">UNSC Resolution 1583</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sharm_El_Sheikh_Summit_of_2005" title="Sharm El Sheikh Summit of 2005">Sharm El Sheikh Summit</a> / <a href="/wiki/Israeli_disengagement_from_Gaza" class="mw-redirect" title="Israeli disengagement from Gaza">Israeli disengagement from Gaza</a> / <a href="/wiki/Blockade_of_the_Gaza_Strip#2005_Agreement_on_Movement_and_Access" title="Blockade of the Gaza Strip">Agreement on Movement and Access</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1850" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1850">UNSC Resolution 1850</a> / <a href="/wiki/Quartet_Principles" title="Quartet Principles">Quartet Principles</a></li> <li>2006 <a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Security_Council_Resolution_1701" title="United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701">UNSC Resolution 1701</a></li> <li>2007 <a href="/wiki/Annapolis_Conference" title="Annapolis Conference">Annapolis Conference</a></li> <li>2010 <a href="/wiki/2010%E2%80%932011_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_talks" title="2010–2011 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks">Israeli–Palestinian peace talks</a></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/2013%E2%80%932014_Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_peace_talks" title="2013–2014 Israeli–Palestinian peace talks">Israeli–Palestinian peace talks</a></li> <li>2016 <a href="/wiki/John_Kerry_Parameters" title="John Kerry Parameters">John Kerry Parameters</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2019–<span style="font-size:85%;">present</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2019 <a href="/wiki/Trump_peace_plan" title="Trump peace plan">Trump peace plan</a></li> <li>2020 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Accords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">Israel–UAE normalization agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Sudan normalization agreement">Israel–Sudan normalization agreement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Morocco normalization agreement">Israel–Morocco normalization agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Lebanese_maritime_border_dispute" title="Israeli–Lebanese maritime border dispute">Israeli–Lebanese maritime border agreement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Israel&#124;link=Israel_Foreign_relations_of_Israel128" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Israel" title="Template:Foreign relations of Israel"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Israel" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Israel"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Israel" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Israel"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Israel&#124;link=Israel_Foreign_relations_of_Israel128" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Israel" title="Foreign relations of Israel">Foreign relations of Israel</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:75px;"><div id="Bilateral_relations128" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cameroon%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Cameroon–Israel relations">Cameroon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Chad–Israel relations">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo–Israel relations">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Equatorial_Guinea%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Equatorial Guinea–Israel relations">Equatorial Guinea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Eritrea–Israel relations">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Ethiopia–Israel relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Kenya_relations" title="Israel–Kenya relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Malawi_relations" title="Israel–Malawi relations">Malawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Mauritius_relations" title="Israel–Mauritius relations">Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Rwanda_relations" title="Israel–Rwanda relations">Rwanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Seychelles_relations" title="Israel–Seychelles relations">Seychelles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Somaliland_relations" title="Israel–Somaliland relations">Somaliland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93South_Sudan_relations" title="Israel–South Sudan relations">South Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Israel–Sudan relations">Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Uganda_relations" title="Israel–Uganda relations">Uganda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Algeria–Israel relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Egypt–Israel relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Libya_relations" title="Israel–Libya relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Mauritania_relations" title="Israel–Mauritania relations">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Israel–Morocco relations">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Tunisia_relations" title="Israel–Tunisia relations">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angola%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Angola–Israel relations">Angola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Botswana–Israel relations">Botswana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Namibia_relations" title="Israel–Namibia relations">Namibia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93South_Africa_relations" title="Israel–South Africa relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Zimbabwe_relations" title="Israel–Zimbabwe relations">Zimbabwe</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">West</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghana%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Ghana–Israel relations">Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinea%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Guinea–Israel relations">Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Liberia_relations" title="Israel–Liberia relations">Liberia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Niger_relations" title="Israel–Niger relations">Niger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Nigeria_relations" title="Israel–Nigeria relations">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sierra_Leone_relations" title="Israel–Sierra Leone relations">Sierra Leone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Canada–Israel relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Israel–United States relations">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_States_military_relations" title="Israel–United States military relations">military</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbados%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Barbados–Israel relations">Barbados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Costa_Rica%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Costa Rica–Israel relations">Costa Rica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuba%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Cuba–Israel relations">Cuba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Republic%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Dominican Republic–Israel relations">Dominican Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guatemala%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Guatemala–Israel relations">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haiti%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Haiti–Israel relations">Haiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Mexico_relations" title="Israel–Mexico relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Panama_relations" title="Israel–Panama relations">Panama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Argentina–Israel relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolivia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Bolivia–Israel relations">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazil%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Brazil–Israel relations">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Chile–Israel relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Colombia–Israel relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Paraguay_relations" title="Israel–Paraguay relations">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Israel–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Uruguay_relations" title="Israel–Uruguay relations">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Venezuela_relations" title="Israel–Venezuela relations">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Central</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Kazakhstan_relations" title="Israel–Kazakhstan relations">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Turkmenistan_relations" title="Israel–Turkmenistan relations">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Uzbekistan_relations" title="Israel–Uzbekistan relations">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">East</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="China–Israel relations">China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Hong Kong–Israel relations">Hong Kong</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Israel–Japan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Mongolia_relations" title="Israel–Mongolia relations">Mongolia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93North_Korea_relations" title="Israel–North Korea relations">North Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93South_Korea_relations" title="Israel–South Korea relations">South Korea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Taiwan_relations" title="Israel–Taiwan relations">Taiwan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Afghanistan–Israel relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Bangladesh–Israel relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhutan%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Bhutan–Israel relations">Bhutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="India–Israel relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Maldives_relations" title="Israel–Maldives relations">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Nepal_relations" title="Israel–Nepal relations">Nepal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Israel–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sri_Lanka_relations" title="Israel–Sri Lanka relations">Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Southeast</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cambodia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Cambodia–Israel relations">Cambodia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Timor%E2%80%93Israel_relations" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timor–Israel relations">East Timor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Indonesia–Israel relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Israel–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Myanmar_relations" title="Israel–Myanmar relations">Myanmar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Israel–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Singapore_relations" title="Israel–Singapore relations">Singapore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Israel–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="Israel–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Western</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Armenia–Israel relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Israel relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Bahrain–Israel relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Georgia–Israel relations">Georgia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Iran–Israel relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Iraq–Israel relations">Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Kurdistan_Region_relations" title="Israel–Kurdistan Region relations">Kurdistan Region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_relations" title="Israel–Jordan relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Kuwait_relations" title="Israel–Kuwait relations">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Lebanon_relations" title="Israel–Lebanon relations">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Oman_relations" title="Israel–Oman relations">Oman</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Israel–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Israel–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Israel–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="Israel–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Israel–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Yemen_relations" title="Israel–Yemen relations">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">EU members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Austria%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Austria–Israel relations">Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgium%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Belgium–Israel relations">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Bulgaria–Israel relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Croatia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Croatia–Israel relations">Croatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Cyprus–Israel relations">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Republic%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Czech Republic–Israel relations">Czech Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Denmark–Israel relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estonia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Estonia–Israel relations">Estonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finland%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Finland–Israel relations">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="France–Israel relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Germany–Israel relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Greece–Israel relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hungary%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Hungary–Israel relations">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Ireland–Israel relations">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Italy_relations" title="Israel–Italy relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Latvia_relations" title="Israel–Latvia relations">Latvia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Lithuania_relations" title="Israel–Lithuania relations">Lithuania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Luxembourg_relations" title="Israel–Luxembourg relations">Luxemburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Malta_relations" title="Israel–Malta relations">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Israel–Netherlands relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Israel–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Israel–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Romania_relations" title="Israel–Romania relations">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Slovakia_relations" title="Israel–Slovakia relations">Slovakia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Slovenia_relations" title="Israel–Slovenia relations">Slovenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Israel–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sweden_relations" title="Israel–Sweden relations">Sweden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non EU members</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andorra%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Andorra–Israel relations">Andorra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albania%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Albania–Israel relations">Albania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belarus%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Belarus–Israel relations">Belarus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina–Israel relations">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Holy See–Israel relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iceland%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Iceland–Israel relations">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Kosovo_relations" title="Israel–Kosovo relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Liechtenstein_relations" title="Israel–Liechtenstein relations">Liechtenstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Moldova_relations" title="Israel–Moldova relations">Moldova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Monaco_relations" title="Israel–Monaco relations">Monaco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Montenegro_relations" title="Israel–Montenegro relations">Montenegro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93North_Macedonia_relations" title="Israel–North Macedonia relations">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Norway_relations" title="Israel–Norway relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Israel–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93San_Marino_relations" title="Israel–San Marino relations">San Marino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Serbia_relations" title="Israel–Serbia relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Switzerland_relations" title="Israel–Switzerland relations">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Israel–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Israel–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Australia–Israel relations">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiji%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Fiji–Israel relations">Fiji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Marshall_Islands_relations" title="Israel–Marshall Islands relations">Marshall Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Federated_States_of_Micronesia_relations" title="Israel–Federated States of Micronesia relations">Micronesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Nauru_relations" title="Israel–Nauru relations">Nauru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93New_Zealand_relations" title="Israel–New Zealand relations">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Palau_relations" title="Israel–Palau relations">Palau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Papua_New_Guinea_relations" title="Israel–Papua New Guinea relations">Papua New Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Samoa_relations" title="Israel–Samoa relations">Samoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Tonga_relations" title="Israel–Tonga relations">Tonga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/East_Germany%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="East Germany–Israel relations">East Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union_and_the_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" title="Soviet Union and the Arab–Israeli conflict">Soviet Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Israel–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Israel.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Israel"><img alt="Emblem of Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Israel.svg/60px-Emblem_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="74" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Israel.svg/90px-Emblem_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Emblem_of_Israel.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="863" data-file-height="1071" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:75px;"><div id="Multilateral_relations128" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Membership in international organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">UNO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_High_Commissioner_for_Refugees" title="United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees">UNHCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_Agriculture_Organization" title="Food and Agriculture Organization">FAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Atomic_Energy_Agency" title="International Atomic Energy Agency">IAEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Health_Organization" title="World Health Organization">WHO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Court_of_Justice" title="International Court of Justice">ICJ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Civil_Aviation_Organization" title="International Civil Aviation Organization">ICAO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Fund_for_Agricultural_Development" title="International Fund for Agricultural Development">IFAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Labour_Organization" title="International Labour Organization">ILO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Organization" title="International Maritime Organization">IMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">IMF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">ITU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universal_Postal_Union" title="Universal Postal Union">UPU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank_Group" title="World Bank Group">WBG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Meteorological_Organization" title="World Meteorological Organization">WMO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Organization_for_Migration" title="International Organization for Migration">IOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">WTO</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_for_Economic_Co-operation_and_Development" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development">OECD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_for_International_Settlements" title="Bank for International Settlements">BIS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Mediterranean_Gas_Forum" title="East Mediterranean Gas Forum">EMGF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_for_the_Mediterranean" title="Union for the Mediterranean">UfM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Holocaust_Remembrance_Alliance" title="International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance">IHRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Development_Bank" title="Asian Development Bank">ADB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Infrastructure_Investment_Bank" title="Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank">AIIB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interpol" title="Interpol">Interpol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Bank_for_Reconstruction_and_Development" title="European Bank for Reconstruction and Development">EBRD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Customs_Organization" title="World Customs Organization">WCO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Court_of_Arbitration" title="Permanent Court of Arbitration">PCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Railways" title="International Union of Railways">UIC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Transport_Forum" title="International Transport Forum">ITF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Dialogue" title="Mediterranean Dialogue">Mediterranean Dialogue (NATO)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberley_Process_Certification_Scheme" title="Kimberley Process Certification Scheme">KPCS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Holocaust_Remembrance_Alliance" title="International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance">IHRA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilateral relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_relations" title="Arab–Israeli relations">Arab world</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League_and_the_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" title="Arab League and the Arab–Israeli conflict">Arab League</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_law_and_the_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_conflict" title="International law and the Arab–Israeli conflict">Arab–Israeli conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Israel–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_and_the_United_Nations" title="Israel and the United Nations">United Nations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:75px;"><div id="Diplomacy_and_Related_topics128" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Diplomacy and Related topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions and ministers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Israel)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Strategic_Affairs" title="Ministry of Strategic Affairs">Ministry of Strategic Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_Affairs_and_Defense_Committee" title="Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee">Foreign Affairs and Defense Committee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mashav" title="Mashav">Mashav</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Israel" title="List of diplomatic missions of Israel">List of diplomatic missions of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Israel" title="List of diplomatic missions in Israel">in Israel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peace and normalization agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Camp_David_Accords" title="Camp David Accords">Camp David Accords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Israel_peace_treaty" title="Egypt–Israel peace treaty">Egypt–Israel peace treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Jordan_peace_treaty" title="Israel–Jordan peace treaty">Israel–Jordan peace treaty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oslo_Accords" title="Oslo Accords">Oslo Accords</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Accords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Morocco normalization agreement">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Sudan normalization agreement">Sudan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agreements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Free_trade_agreements_of_Israel" title="Free trade agreements of Israel">Free Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extradition_law_in_Israel" title="Extradition law in Israel">Extradition</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Doctrine and policies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_of_the_periphery" title="Alliance of the periphery">Alliance of the periphery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_alliance" title="Arab–Israeli alliance">Arab–Israeli alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Abrahamic_Alliance" title="Indo-Abrahamic Alliance">Indo-Abrahamic Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Israel" title="Visa policy of Israel">Visa policy of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_diplomacy_of_Israel" title="Public diplomacy of Israel">Public diplomacy of Israel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_recognition_of_Israel" title="International recognition of Israel">International recognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_foreign_aid" title="Israeli foreign aid">Israeli foreign aid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Visa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Visa_policy_of_Israel" title="Visa policy of Israel">Visa policy of Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visa_requirements_for_Israeli_citizens" title="Visa requirements for Israeli citizens">Visa requirements for Israeli citizens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Lists5" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Israeli_ambassadors" title="List of Israeli ambassadors">List of Israeli ambassadors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Israel" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Israel">List of twin towns and sister cities in Israel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bahrain&#124;link=Bahrain_Foreign_relations_of_Bahrain191" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Bahrain" title="Template:Foreign relations of Bahrain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Bahrain" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Bahrain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Bahrain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Bahrain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bahrain&#124;link=Bahrain_Foreign_relations_of_Bahrain191" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain"><img alt="Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Bahrain" title="Foreign relations of Bahrain">Foreign relations of Bahrain</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Bahrain–United States relations">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Bahrain"><img alt="Coat of arms of Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg/75px-Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg/113px-Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg/150px-Emblem_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="810" data-file-height="819" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Bangladesh_relations" title="Bahrain–Bangladesh relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93India_relations" title="Bahrain–India relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Indonesia_relations" title="Bahrain–Indonesia relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Iran_relations" title="Bahrain–Iran relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Iraq_relations" title="Bahrain–Iraq relations">Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Bahrain–Israel relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Japan_relations" title="Bahrain–Japan relations">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Kuwait_relations" title="Bahrain–Kuwait relations">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Malaysia_relations" title="Bahrain–Malaysia relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Bahrain–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Bahrain–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Bahrain–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Bahrain–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Bahrain–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Bahrain–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Thailand_relations" title="Bahrain–Thailand relations">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Bahrain–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Bahrain–United Arab Emirates relations">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Yemen_relations" title="Bahrain–Yemen relations">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Germany_relations" title="Bahrain–Germany relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Bahrain–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multilateral relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Bahrain–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Gulf Cooperation Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Arab_Petroleum_Exporting_Countries" title="Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries">Organization of Arab Petroleum Exporting Countries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Bahrain" title="List of diplomatic missions of Bahrain">Diplomatic missions of Bahrain</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Bahrain" title="List of diplomatic missions in Bahrain">in Bahrain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Arab_Emirates&#124;link=United_Arab_Emirates_Foreign_relations_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates192" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Template:Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_Arab_Emirates&#124;link=United_Arab_Emirates_Foreign_relations_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates192" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates"><img alt="United Arab Emirates" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates">Foreign relations of the United Arab Emirates</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Bilateral_relations192" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Algeria–United Arab Emirates relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Egypt–United Arab Emirates relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Kenya–United Arab Emirates relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nigeria%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nigeria–United Arab Emirates relations (page does not exist)">Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somalia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Somalia–United Arab Emirates relations">Somalia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Somaliland%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Somaliland–United Arab Emirates relations">Somaliland</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Africa%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="South Africa–United Arab Emirates relations">South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanzania%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Tanzania–United Arab Emirates relations">Tanzania</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Canada–United Arab Emirates relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chile%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Chile–United Arab Emirates relations">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colombia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Colombia–United Arab Emirates relations">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Mexico–United Arab Emirates relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peru%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Peru–United Arab Emirates relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="United Arab Emirates–United States relations">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Afghanistan–United Arab Emirates relations">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Armenia–United Arab Emirates relations">Armenia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Bahrain–United Arab Emirates relations">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Bangladesh–United Arab Emirates relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="China–United Arab Emirates relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="India–United Arab Emirates relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Indonesia–United Arab Emirates relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Iran–United Arab Emirates relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Iraq–United Arab Emirates relations">Iraq</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Region%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Kurdistan Region–United Arab Emirates relations">Kurdistan Region</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Jordan–United Arab Emirates relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuwait%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Kuwait–United Arab Emirates relations">Kuwait</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebanon%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Lebanon–United Arab Emirates relations">Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Malaysia–United Arab Emirates relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maldives%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Maldives–United Arab Emirates relations">Maldives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oman%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Oman–United Arab Emirates relations">Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Pakistan–United Arab Emirates relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Palestine–United Arab Emirates relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippines%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Philippines–United Arab Emirates relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Qatar–United Arab Emirates relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Saudi Arabia–United Arab Emirates relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Syria–United Arab Emirates relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Turkey–United Arab Emirates relations">Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93Vietnam_relations" title="United Arab Emirates–Vietnam relations">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93Yemen_relations" title="United Arab Emirates–Yemen relations">Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Cyprus–United Arab Emirates relations">Cyprus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Denmark–United Arab Emirates relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="France–United Arab Emirates relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Germany–United Arab Emirates relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greece%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Greece–United Arab Emirates relations">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_See%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Holy See–United Arab Emirates relations">Holy See</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Kosovo–United Arab Emirates relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Macedonia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="North Macedonia–United Arab Emirates relations">North Macedonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poland%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Poland–United Arab Emirates relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portugal%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Portugal–United Arab Emirates relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Russia–United Arab Emirates relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Serbia–United Arab Emirates relations">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Spain–United Arab Emirates relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="United Arab Emirates–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_relations" title="Australia–United Arab Emirates relations">Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic missions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="List of diplomatic missions of the United Arab Emirates">Diplomatic missions of the United Arab Emirates</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="List of diplomatic missions in the United Arab Emirates">in the United Arab Emirates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Multilateral_relations192" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> (<a href="/wiki/ICAO" class="mw-redirect" title="ICAO">ICAO</a>, <a href="/wiki/ILO" class="mw-redirect" title="ILO">ILO</a>, <a href="/wiki/UPU" class="mw-redirect" title="UPU">UPU</a>, <a href="/wiki/WHO" class="mw-redirect" title="WHO">WHO</a>, <a href="/wiki/WIPO" class="mw-redirect" title="WIPO">WIPO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a> (<a href="/wiki/ALECSO" class="mw-redirect" title="ALECSO">ALECSO</a>, <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Arab_Economic_Unity" title="Council of Arab Economic Unity">CAEU</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab_Monetary_Fund" title="Arab Monetary Fund">AMF</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_Cooperation_Council" title="Gulf Cooperation Council">Gulf Cooperation Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organisation_of_Islamic_Cooperation" title="Organisation of Islamic Cooperation">Organisation of Islamic Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPEC" title="OPEC">OPEC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BRICS" title="BRICS">BRICS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-Aligned_Movement" title="Non-Aligned Movement">Non-Aligned Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Trade_Organization" title="World Trade Organization">World Trade Organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Cooperation_Organisation" title="Shanghai Cooperation Organisation">Shanghai Cooperation Organisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Monetary_Fund" title="International Monetary Fund">International Monetary Fund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Security_Construct" title="International Maritime Security Construct">International Maritime Security Construct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Abrahamic_Alliance" title="Indo-Abrahamic Alliance">Indo-Abrahamic Alliance</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Sudan&#124;link=Sudan_Foreign_relations_of_Sudan210" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Sudan" title="Template:Foreign relations of Sudan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Sudan" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Sudan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Sudan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Sudan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Sudan&#124;link=Sudan_Foreign_relations_of_Sudan210" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan"><img alt="Sudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Sudan" title="Foreign relations of Sudan">Foreign relations of Sudan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Algeria–Sudan relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Central African Republic–Sudan relations">Central African Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chad%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Chad–Sudan relations">Chad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Egypt–Sudan relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eritrea%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Eritrea–Sudan relations">Eritrea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Ethiopia–Sudan relations">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Kenya–Sudan relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Libya–Sudan relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="South Sudan–Sudan relations">South Sudan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_Sudan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Emblem of Sudan"><img alt="Emblem of Sudan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_Sudan.svg/80px-Emblem_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_Sudan.svg/120px-Emblem_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Emblem_of_Sudan.svg/160px-Emblem_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1125" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sudan%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Sudan–United States relations">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Bangladesh–Sudan relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="China–Sudan relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="India–Sudan relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Indonesia–Sudan relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Iran–Sudan relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Israel–Sudan relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Malaysia–Sudan relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Pakistan–Sudan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palestine%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Palestine–Sudan relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Qatar–Sudan relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Saudi Arabia–Sudan relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="Sudan–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Sudan–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Bulgaria–Sudan relations">Bulgaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Denmark–Sudan relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Germany–Sudan relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norway%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Norway–Sudan relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Russia–Sudan relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="Spain–Sudan relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan%E2%80%93Ukraine_relations" title="Sudan–Ukraine relations">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Sudan–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sudan%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Sudan–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League%E2%80%93Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab League–Sudan">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union%E2%80%93Sudan_relations" title="European Union–Sudan relations">European Union</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Sudan" title="List of diplomatic missions of Sudan">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Sudan" title="List of diplomatic missions in Sudan">in Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Sudan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Sudan)">Foreign Ministry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_Union_Mission_in_Sudan" title="African Union Mission in Sudan">African Union Mission in Sudan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_aid_to_Sudan" title="Foreign aid to Sudan">Foreign aid to Sudan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Morocco&#124;link=Morocco_Foreign_relations_of_Morocco132" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Morocco" title="Template:Foreign relations of Morocco"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Foreign_relations_of_Morocco" title="Template talk:Foreign relations of Morocco"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign_relations_of_Morocco" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Foreign relations of Morocco"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Morocco&#124;link=Morocco_Foreign_relations_of_Morocco132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco"><img alt="Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Foreign_relations_of_Morocco" title="Foreign relations of Morocco">Foreign relations of Morocco</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Bilateral_relations132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bilateralism" title="Bilateralism">Bilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Africa</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Algeria%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Algeria–Morocco relations">Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benin%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Benin–Morocco relations">Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Egypt–Morocco relations">Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenya%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Kenya–Morocco relations">Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libya%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Libya–Morocco relations">Libya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauritania%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Mauritania–Morocco relations">Mauritania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Senegal_relations" title="Morocco–Senegal relations">Senegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Tunisia_relations" title="Morocco–Tunisia relations">Tunisia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Argentina%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Argentina–Morocco relations">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canada%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Canada–Morocco relations">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Mexico–Morocco relations">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Peru_relations" title="Morocco–Peru relations">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Morocco–United States relations">United States</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Azerbaijan–Morocco relations">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bangladesh%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Bangladesh–Morocco relations">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="China–Morocco relations">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/India%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="India–Morocco relations">India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Indonesia–Morocco relations">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Iran–Morocco relations">Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Israel–Morocco relations">Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Jordan–Morocco relations">Jordan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaysia%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Malaysia–Morocco relations">Malaysia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Palestine_relations" title="Morocco–Palestine relations">Palestine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Pakistan_relations" title="Morocco–Pakistan relations">Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Philippines_relations" title="Morocco–Philippines relations">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Qatar_relations" title="Morocco–Qatar relations">Qatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_relations" title="Morocco–Saudi Arabia relations">Saudi Arabia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Syria_relations" title="Morocco–Syria relations">Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Turkey_relations" title="Morocco–Turkey relations">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denmark%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Denmark–Morocco relations">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="France–Morocco relations">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germany%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Germany–Morocco relations">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italy%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Italy–Morocco relations">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosovo%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Kosovo–Morocco relations">Kosovo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Netherlands_relations" title="Morocco–Netherlands relations">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Norway_relations" title="Morocco–Norway relations">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Poland_relations" title="Morocco–Poland relations">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Portugal_relations" title="Morocco–Portugal relations">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Russia_relations" title="Morocco–Russia relations">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Spain_relations" title="Morocco–Spain relations">Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93United_Kingdom_relations" title="Morocco–United Kingdom relations">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australia%E2%80%93Morocco_relations" title="Australia–Morocco relations">Australia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93Yugoslavia_relations" title="Morocco–Yugoslavia relations">Yugoslavia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Morocco.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Morocco"><img alt="Coat of arms of Morocco" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Coat_of_arms_of_Morocco.svg/75px-Coat_of_arms_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="75" height="77" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Coat_of_arms_of_Morocco.svg/113px-Coat_of_arms_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Coat_of_arms_of_Morocco.svg/150px-Coat_of_arms_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="854" data-file-height="874" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Multilateral_relations132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Multilateralism" title="Multilateralism">Multilateral</a> relations</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Union" title="African Union">African Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_League" title="Arab League">Arab League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Maghreb_Union" title="Arab Maghreb Union">Arab Maghreb Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco%E2%80%93European_Union_relations" title="Morocco–European Union relations">European Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morocco_and_the_World_Bank" title="Morocco and the World Bank">World Bank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Territorial_disputes132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Territorial disputes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_conflict" title="Western Sahara conflict">Western Sahara conflict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_status_of_Western_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Legal status of Western Sahara">Legal status</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_Initiative_for_Western_Sahara" class="mw-redirect" title="Moroccan Initiative for Western Sahara">Morocco's autonomy proposal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MINURSO" class="mw-redirect" title="MINURSO">MINURSO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Sahara_War" title="Western Sahara War">Western Sahara War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plazas_de_soberan%C3%ADa" title="Plazas de soberanía">Plazas de soberanía</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perejil_Island_crisis" title="Perejil Island crisis">Perejil Island crisis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="padding-left:70px;"><div id="Related_topics132" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Related topics</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs,_African_Cooperation_and_Moroccan_Expatriates" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs, African Cooperation and Moroccan Expatriates">Ministry of Foreign Affairs, African Cooperation and Moroccan Expatriates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_of_Morocco" title="List of diplomatic missions of Morocco">Diplomatic missions of</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_diplomatic_missions_in_Morocco" title="List of diplomatic missions in Morocco">in Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moroccan_diaspora" title="Moroccan diaspora">Moroccan diaspora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Moroccan_diplomats" title="Category:Moroccan diplomats">Moroccan diplomats</a></li></ul> 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Trump">Transition</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_inauguration_of_Donald_Trump" title="First inauguration of Donald Trump">Inauguration</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_First_Inaugural_Address" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Donald Trump's First Inaugural Address">speech</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Opinion_polling_on_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Opinion polling on the first Donald Trump administration">Opinion polling</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_opinion_polling_on_the_Donald_Trump_administration" title="2017 opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration">2017</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_opinion_polling_on_the_Donald_Trump_administration" title="2018 opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration">2018</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_opinion_polling_on_the_Donald_Trump_administration" title="2019 opinion polling on the Donald Trump administration">2019</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Social_media_use_by_Donald_Trump" title="Social media use by Donald Trump">Social media</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Twitter_use_by_Donald_Trump" title="Twitter use by Donald Trump">Twitter</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_United_States_elections" title="2018 United States elections">2018 midterm elections</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Government shutdowns</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/January_2018_United_States_federal_government_shutdown" title="January 2018 United States federal government shutdown">January 2018</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%932019_United_States_federal_government_shutdown" title="2018–2019 United States federal government shutdown">2018–2019</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_actions_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of executive actions by Donald Trump">Executive actions</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_executive_orders_in_the_first_presidency_of_Donald_Trump" title="List of executive orders in the first presidency of Donald Trump">executive orders</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_proclamations_by_Donald_Trump" title="Lists of proclamations by Donald Trump">presidential proclamations</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_George_H._W._Bush" title="Death and state funeral of George H. W. Bush">State funeral of George H. W. Bush</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Death_and_state_funeral_of_Ruth_Bader_Ginsburg" title="Death and state funeral of Ruth Bader Ginsburg">State funeral of Ruth Bader Ginsburg</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_granted_executive_clemency_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of people granted executive clemency by Donald Trump">Executive clemency</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pardon_of_Joe_Arpaio" title="Pardon of Joe Arpaio">pardon of Joe Arpaio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Wallie_Howard_Jr." title="Murder of Wallie Howard Jr.">commutation of Jaime Davidson</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trump_travel_ban" title="Trump travel ban">Travel bans</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_Executive_Order_13769" title="Reactions to Executive Order 13769">reactions</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Legal_challenges_to_the_Trump_travel_ban" title="Legal challenges to the Trump travel ban">legal challenges</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Protests_against_Executive_Order_13769" title="Protests against Executive Order 13769">protests</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13780" title="Executive Order 13780">replacement</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13767" title="Executive Order 13767">Executive Order 13767</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_family_separation_policy" title="Trump administration family separation policy">Family separation policy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_migrant_detentions" class="mw-redirect" title="Trump administration migrant detentions">Migrant detentions</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Operation_Faithful_Patriot" title="Operation Faithful Patriot">Operation Faithful Patriot</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stormy_Daniels%E2%80%93Donald_Trump_scandal" title="Stormy Daniels–Donald Trump scandal">Stormy Daniels scandal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/I_Am_Part_of_the_Resistance_Inside_the_Trump_Administration" title="I Am Part of the Resistance Inside the Trump Administration">Anonymous senior official op-ed</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_States_relations#Trump_administration_(2017–2021)" title="Israel–United States relations">Relations with Israel</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_Jerusalem_as_capital_of_Israel" title="United States recognition of Jerusalem as capital of Israel">Jerusalem recognition</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_the_Golan_Heights_as_part_of_Israel" title="United States recognition of the Golan Heights as part of Israel">Golan Heights recognition</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trump_peace_plan" title="Trump peace plan">Peace plan</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Accords</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">UAE</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Bahrain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Sudan normalization agreement">Sudan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Morocco normalization agreement">Morocco</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kosovo_and_Serbia_economic_normalization_agreements" title="Kosovo and Serbia economic normalization agreements">Kosovo–Serbia agreement</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017%E2%80%932018_North_Korea_crisis" title="2017–2018 North Korea crisis">North Korea crisis</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%9319_Korean_peace_process" title="2018–19 Korean peace process">peace process</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Singapore_Summit" title="2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit">Singapore summit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Hanoi_Summit" title="2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit">Hanoi summit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_Koreas%E2%80%93United_States_DMZ_Summit" title="2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit">DMZ summit</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trump%E2%80%93Ukraine_scandal" title="Trump–Ukraine scandal">Trump–Ukraine scandal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93United_States_relations#Trump_administration_(2017–2021)" title="Russia–United States relations">Relations with Russia</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2018 Russia–United States summit">Helsinki summit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Links_between_Trump_associates_and_Russian_officials" title="Links between Trump associates and Russian officials">Links between Trump administration and Russian government officials</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Russian_bounty_program" title="Russian bounty program">Russian bounty program</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trump_administration_farmer_bailouts" title="Trump administration farmer bailouts">Farmer bailouts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_United_States%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_arms_deal" title="2017 United States–Saudi Arabia arms deal">Saudi Arabia arms deal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/US_intervention_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="US intervention in the Syrian civil war">Syria strikes</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Shayrat_missile_strike" title="2017 Shayrat missile strike">2017</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/April_2018_missile_strikes_against_Syria" title="April 2018 missile strikes against Syria">2018</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Proposed_United_States_invasion_of_Venezuela" title="Proposed United States invasion of Venezuela">Proposed invasion of Venezuela</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trump%E2%80%93Tsai_call" title="Trump–Tsai call">Taiwan call</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="United States withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Withdrawal from the Iran nuclear deal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Death_of_Abu_Bakr_al-Baghdadi" title="Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi">Death of Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">Assassination of Qasem Soleimani</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_U.S._troop_withdrawal_from_Afghanistan" title="2020–2021 U.S. troop withdrawal from Afghanistan">Afghanistan withdrawal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/U.S._federal_government_response_to_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="U.S. federal government response to the COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic response</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Communication_of_the_Trump_administration_during_the_COVID-19_pandemic" title="Communication of the Trump administration during the COVID-19 pandemic">Communication</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/White_House_COVID-19_outbreak" title="White House COVID-19 outbreak">White House COVID-19 outbreak</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Political_interference_with_science_agencies_by_the_first_Trump_administration" title="Political interference with science agencies by the first Trump administration">Political interference with science agencies</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_United_States_federal_government_data_breach" title="2020 United States federal government data breach">Federal government data breach</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Crossfire_Hurricane_(FBI_investigation)" title="Crossfire Hurricane (FBI investigation)">Crossfire Hurricane</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_disclosures_of_classified_information" title="Donald Trump's disclosures of classified information">Classified information disclosures</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mueller_special_counsel_investigation" title="Mueller special counsel investigation">Mueller special counsel investigation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Durham_special_counsel_investigation" title="Durham special counsel investigation">Durham special counsel investigation</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Legal_affairs_of_Donald_Trump_as_president" title="Legal affairs of Donald Trump as president">Legal affairs</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Impeachments</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Efforts_to_impeach_Donald_Trump" title="Efforts to impeach Donald Trump">efforts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_impeachment_resolutions_introduced_against_Donald_Trump" title="List of impeachment resolutions introduced against Donald Trump">resolutions</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Impeachment_inquiry_into_Donald_Trump" title="Impeachment inquiry into Donald Trump">impeachment inquiry</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment of Donald Trump">first impeachment</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="First impeachment trial of Donald Trump">first trial</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment of Donald Trump">second impeachment</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Second_impeachment_trial_of_Donald_Trump" title="Second impeachment trial of Donald Trump">second trial</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Proposed_expungements_of_the_impeachments_of_Donald_Trump" title="Proposed expungements of the impeachments of Donald Trump">proposed expungements</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Namaste_Trump" title="Namaste Trump">Namaste Trump</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_photo_op_at_St._John%27s_Church" title="Donald Trump photo op at St. John's Church">Photo op at St. John's Church</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mount_Rushmore_Fireworks_Celebration" title="Mount Rushmore Fireworks Celebration">2020 Mount Rushmore Fireworks Celebration</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/National_Garden_of_American_Heroes" title="National Garden of American Heroes">National Garden of American Heroes</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Attempts_to_overturn_the_2020_United_States_presidential_election" title="Attempts to overturn the 2020 United States presidential election">Attempts to overturn the 2020 presidential election</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trump_fake_electors_plot" title="Trump fake electors plot">Fake electors plot</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Chesebro_memos" class="mw-redirect" title="Chesebro memos">Chesebro memos</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eastman_memos" title="Eastman memos">Eastman memos</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Post-election_lawsuits_related_to_the_2020_U.S._presidential_election" title="Post-election lawsuits related to the 2020 U.S. presidential election">Lawsuits</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><i><a href="/wiki/Texas_v._Pennsylvania" title="Texas v. Pennsylvania">Texas v. Pennsylvania</a></i></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jeffrey_Clark_letter" title="Jeffrey Clark letter">Jeffrey Clark letter</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="January 6 United States Capitol attack">January 6 United States Capitol attack</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="Timeline of the January 6 United States Capitol attack">timeline</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="Aftermath of the January 6 United States Capitol attack">aftermath</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2021_United_States_inauguration_week_protests" title="2021 United States inauguration week protests">continued protests</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Domestic_reactions_to_the_January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="Domestic reactions to the January 6 United States Capitol attack">domestic reactions</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_January_6_United_States_Capitol_attack" title="International reactions to the January 6 United States Capitol attack">international reactions</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_J._Trump_Presidential_Library" title="Donald J. Trump Presidential Library">Presidential Library</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_federal_judges_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of federal judges appointed by Donald Trump">Judicial appointments</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neil_Gorsuch_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Neil Gorsuch Supreme Court nomination">Gorsuch</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brett_Kavanaugh_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Brett Kavanaugh Supreme Court nomination">Kavanaugh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amy_Coney_Barrett_Supreme_Court_nomination" title="Amy Coney Barrett Supreme Court nomination">Barrett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_Supreme_Court_candidates" title="Donald Trump Supreme Court candidates">Supreme Court candidates</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump_judicial_appointment_controversies" title="Donald Trump judicial appointment controversies">controversies</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Presidential_transition_of_Joe_Biden" title="Presidential transition of Joe Biden">Biden transition</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Donald_Trump_presidencies" title="Timeline of the Donald Trump presidencies">Timeline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_100_days_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_presidency" title="First 100 days of the first Donald Trump presidency">First 100 days</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2017_Q1)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2017 Q1)">Q1</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2017_Q2)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2017 Q2)">Q2</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2017_Q3)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2017 Q3)">Q3</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2017_Q4)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2017 Q4)">Q4</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2018_Q1)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2018 Q1)">Q1</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2018_Q2)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2018 Q2)">Q2</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2018_Q3)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2018 Q3)">Q3</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2018_Q4)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2018 Q4)">Q4</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2019_Q1)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2019 Q1)">Q1</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2019_Q2)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2019 Q2)">Q2</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2019_Q3)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2019 Q3)">Q3</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2019_Q4)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2019 Q4)">Q4</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2020_Q1)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2020 Q1)">Q1</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2020_Q2)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2020 Q2)">Q2</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2020_Q3)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2020 Q3)">Q3</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2020_Q4%E2%80%93January_2021)" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2020 Q4–January 2021)">Q4</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Donald_Trump%27s_first_presidency_(2020_Q4%E2%80%93January_2021)#January_2021" title="Timeline of Donald Trump's first presidency (2020 Q4–January 2021)">January 2021</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump">Trips</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2017)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2017)">2017</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2018)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2018)">2018</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2019)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2019)">2019</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump_(2020%E2%80%9321)" title="List of presidential trips made by Donald Trump (2020–21)">2020–2021</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_presidential_trips_made_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of international presidential trips made by Donald Trump">international</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_Rex_Tillerson_as_United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="List of international trips made by Rex Tillerson as United States Secretary of State">by Rex Tillerson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_Mike_Pompeo_as_United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="List of international trips made by Mike Pompeo as United States Secretary of State">by Mike Pompeo</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Riyadh_summit" title="2017 Riyadh summit">Riyadh summit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Singapore_Summit" title="2018 North Korea–United States Singapore Summit">Singapore summit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_Russia%E2%80%93United_States_summit" title="2018 Russia–United States summit">Helsinki summit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_North_Korea%E2%80%93United_States_Hanoi_Summit" title="2019 North Korea–United States Hanoi Summit">Hanoi summit</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_Koreas%E2%80%93United_States_DMZ_Summit" title="2019 Koreas–United States DMZ Summit">DMZ summit</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speeches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Donald_Trump_speech_to_a_joint_session_of_Congress" title="2017 Donald Trump speech to a joint session of Congress">Joint session of Congress</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_Donald_Trump_speech_in_Warsaw" title="2017 Donald Trump speech in Warsaw">Warsaw speech</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_National_Scout_Jamboree" title="2017 National Scout Jamboree">National Scout Jamboree</a> (2017)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/State_of_the_Union" title="State of the Union">State of the Union Address</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2018_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2018 State of the Union Address">2018</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2019 State of the Union Address">2019</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_State_of_the_Union_Address" title="2020 State of the Union Address">2020</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2019_Oval_Office_address" title="2019 Oval Office address">2019 Oval Office address</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_Oval_Office_address" title="2020 Oval Office address">2020 Oval Office address</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_first_farewell_address" title="Donald Trump's first farewell address">Farewell address</a> (2021)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_positions_of_Donald_Trump" title="Political positions of Donald Trump">Policies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Economic_policy_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Economic policy of the first Donald Trump administration">Economy</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tax_Cuts_and_Jobs_Act" title="Tax Cuts and Jobs Act">tax cuts</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/China%E2%80%93United_States_trade_war" title="China–United States trade war">China trade war</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_Trump_tariffs" title="First Trump tariffs">tariffs</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States%E2%80%93Mexico%E2%80%93Canada_Agreement" title="United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement">USMCA</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Environmental policy of the first Donald Trump administration">Environment</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_and_the_Paris_Agreement" title="United States and the Paris Agreement">Paris Agreement withdrawal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/America%27s_Water_Infrastructure_Act_of_2018" title="America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018">America's Water Infrastructure Act of 2018</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Foreign policy</span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_Donald_Trump_during_the_2016_presidential_election" title="Foreign policy of Donald Trump during the 2016 presidential election">as candidate</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Foreign policy of the first Donald Trump administration">as President</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/America_First_(policy)" title="America First (policy)">America First</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Immigration_policy_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Immigration policy of the first Donald Trump administration">Immigration</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Infrastructure_policy_of_Donald_Trump" title="Infrastructure policy of Donald Trump">Infrastructure</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Racial_views_of_Donald_Trump" title="Racial views of Donald Trump">Racial views</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Social_policy_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Social policy of the first Donald Trump administration">Social issues</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_policy_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Cannabis policy of the first Donald Trump administration">cannabis</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Space_policy_of_the_first_Donald_Trump_administration" title="Space policy of the first Donald Trump administration">Space policy</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_appointments_of_the_first_Trump_administration" title="Political appointments of the first Trump administration">Personnel</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/First_cabinet_of_Donald_Trump" title="First cabinet of Donald Trump">Cabinet</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">formation</span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_appointed_by_Donald_Trump_(2017%E2%80%932021)" title="List of ambassadors appointed by Donald Trump (2017–2021)">Ambassadors</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_attorneys_appointed_by_Donald_Trump" title="List of United States attorneys appointed by Donald Trump">Attorneys</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_economic_advisors_to_Donald_Trump" title="List of economic advisors to Donald Trump">Economic advisors</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Donald_Trump_nominees_who_have_withdrawn" title="List of Donald Trump nominees who have withdrawn">Withdrawn appointees</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_short-tenure_Donald_Trump_political_appointments" title="List of short-tenure Donald Trump political appointments">Short-tenure appointees</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Trump_administration_dismissals_and_resignations" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Trump administration dismissals and resignations">Dismissals and resignations</a></span> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2017_dismissal_of_U.S._attorneys" title="2017 dismissal of U.S. attorneys">attorneys</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dismissal_of_James_Comey" title="Dismissal of James Comey">Comey</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/2020_dismissal_of_inspectors_general" class="mw-redirect" title="2020 dismissal of inspectors general">inspectors general</a></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Barack_Obama" title="Presidency of Barack Obama">← Obama administration</a></b></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><b><a href="/wiki/Presidency_of_Joe_Biden" title="Presidency of Joe Biden">Biden administration →</a></b></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Iran–Israel_proxy_conflict446" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Template:Iran–Israel proxy conflict"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Template talk:Iran–Israel proxy conflict"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iran–Israel proxy conflict"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Iran–Israel_proxy_conflict446" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel proxy conflict</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_relations" title="Iran–Israel relations">Background</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_revolution" title="Iranian revolution">Iranian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_support_for_Iran_during_the_Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_war" title="Israeli support for Iran during the Iran–Iraq war">Iran–Iraq war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_arrest_of_Iranian_Jews" title="1999 arrest of Iranian Jews">1999 arrest of Iranian Jews</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/2024_Iran%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="2024 Iran–Israel conflict">2024 Iran–Israel conflict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_airstrike_on_the_Iranian_consulate_in_Damascus" title="Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus">Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_reactions_to_the_Israeli_airstrike_on_the_Iranian_consulate_in_Damascus" title="International reactions to the Israeli airstrike on the Iranian consulate in Damascus">reactions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_seizure_of_the_MSC_Aries" title="Iranian seizure of the MSC Aries">Iranian seizure of the MSC Aries</a></li> <li>Iranian strikes on Israel <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_2024_Iranian_strikes_against_Israel" title="April 2024 Iranian strikes against Israel">April 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2024_Iranian_strikes_against_Israel" title="October 2024 Iranian strikes against Israel">October 2024</a></li></ul></li> <li>Israeli strikes on Iran <ul><li><a href="/wiki/April_2024_Israeli_strikes_on_Iran" title="April 2024 Israeli strikes on Iran">April 2024</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2024_Israeli_strikes_on_Iran" title="October 2024 Israeli strikes on Iran">October 2024</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_retaliation_leak" title="Israeli retaliation leak">intelligence leak</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Hezbollah–Israel conflict">Hezbollah–Israel conflict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Lebanese_conflict" title="Israeli–Lebanese conflict">Israeli–Lebanese conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Lebanon_conflict_(1985%E2%80%932000)" title="South Lebanon conflict (1985–2000)">South Lebanon conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_kidnapping_of_Iranian_diplomats" title="1982 kidnapping of Iranian diplomats">1982 kidnapping of Iranian diplomats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Abbas_al-Musawi" title="Assassination of Abbas al-Musawi">Assassination of Abbas al-Musawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1992_Buenos_Aires_Israeli_embassy_bombing" title="1992 Buenos Aires Israeli embassy bombing">1992 Buenos Aires Israeli embassy bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMIA_bombing" title="AMIA bombing">AMIA bombing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2000%E2%80%932006_Shebaa_Farms_conflict" title="2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict">2000–2006 Shebaa Farms conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2000_Hezbollah_cross-border_raid" title="2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid">2000 Hezbollah cross-border raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Hezbollah_cross-border_raid" title="2005 Hezbollah cross-border raid">2005 Hezbollah cross-border raid</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2006_Lebanon_War" title="2006 Lebanon War">2006 Lebanon War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Imad_Mughniyeh" title="Assassination of Imad Mughniyeh">Assassination of Imad Mughniyeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Israel%E2%80%93Hezbollah_prisoner_exchange" title="2008 Israel–Hezbollah prisoner exchange">2008 Israel–Hezbollah prisoner exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Hezbollah_plot_in_Egypt" title="2009 Hezbollah plot in Egypt">2009 Hezbollah plot in Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francop_Affair" title="Francop Affair">Francop Affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2015_Shebaa_Farms_incident" title="January 2015 Shebaa Farms incident">January 2015 Shebaa Farms incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Northern_Shield" title="Operation Northern Shield">Operation Northern Shield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Beirut_drone_crash" title="2019 Beirut drone crash">2019 Beirut drone crash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Israel%E2%80%93Lebanon_shellings" title="2023 Israel–Lebanon shellings">2023 Israel–Lebanon shellings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Hezbollah_conflict_(2023%E2%80%932024)" title="Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–2024)">Israel–Hezbollah conflict (2023–2024)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Fuad_Shukr" title="Killing of Fuad Shukr">Killing of Fuad Shukr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Lebanon_electronic_device_attacks" title="2024 Lebanon electronic device attacks">2024 Lebanon electronic device attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_September_2024_Beirut_attack" title="20 September 2024 Beirut attack">20 September 2024 Beirut attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2024_Israeli_attacks_against_Lebanon" title="September 2024 Israeli attacks against Lebanon">September 2024 Israeli attacks against Lebanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Hezbollah_headquarters_strike" title="2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike">2024 Hezbollah headquarters strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Hashem_Safieddine" title="Assassination of Hashem Safieddine">Assassination of Hashem Safieddine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Israel%E2%80%93Lebanon_ceasefire_agreement" title="2024 Israel–Lebanon ceasefire agreement">2024 Israel–Lebanon ceasefire agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_projectile_attacks_from_Lebanon_on_Israel_and_the_Golan_Heights" title="List of projectile attacks from Lebanon on Israel and the Golan Heights">Projectile attacks from Lebanon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">Israeli–Palestinian conflict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karine_A_affair" title="Karine A affair">Karine A affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Affair" title="Victoria Affair">Victoria Affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klos_C_cargo_ship_seizure" title="Klos C cargo ship seizure">Klos C cargo ship seizure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gaza%E2%80%93Israel_conflict" title="Gaza–Israel conflict">Gaza–Israel conflict</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaza_War_(2008%E2%80%932009)" title="Gaza War (2008–2009)">Gaza War (2008–2009)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Gaza_War" title="2014 Gaza War">2014 Gaza War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza_war" title="Gaza war">Gaza war</a> (2023-) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Ismail_Haniyeh" title="Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh">Assassination of Ismail Haniyeh</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_conflict_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Iran–Israel conflict during the Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/January_2013_Rif_Dimashq_airstrike" title="January 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrike">January 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2013_Rif_Dimashq_airstrikes" title="May 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrikes">May 2013 Rif Dimashq airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2014_Rif_Dimashq_airstrikes" title="December 2014 Rif Dimashq airstrikes">December 2014 Rif Dimashq airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_2015_Mazraat_Amal_incident" title="January 2015 Mazraat Amal incident">January 2015 Mazraat Amal incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalamoun_offensive_(May%E2%80%93June_2015)" title="Qalamoun offensive (May–June 2015)">Qalamoun offensive (May–June 2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2017_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="March 2017 Israel–Syria incident">March 2017 Israel–Syria incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2018_Israel%E2%80%93Syria_incident" title="February 2018 Israel–Syria incident">February 2018 Israel–Syria incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_House_of_Cards" title="Operation House of Cards">Operation House of Cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(September_2018)" title="Syria missile strikes (September 2018)">September 2018 Syria missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(August_2019)" title="Syria missile strikes (August 2019)">August 2019 Syria missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/November_2019_Israeli_missile_strikes_in_Syria" title="November 2019 Israeli missile strikes in Syria">November 2019 Syria missile strikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syria_missile_strikes_(January_2021)" title="Syria missile strikes (January 2021)">January 2021 Syria airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Damascus_airstrike" title="2023 Damascus airstrike">2023 Damascus airstrike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Syrian_ceasefire_line_incidents_during_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents during the Syrian civil war">Israeli–Syrian ceasefire line incidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hezbollah_involvement_in_the_Syrian_civil_war" title="Hezbollah involvement in the Syrian civil war">Hezbollah involvement</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Outside_the_Box" title="Operation Outside the Box">Operation Outside the Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Sudan_airstrikes" title="2009 Sudan airstrikes">2009 Sudan airstrikes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_alleged_Iran_assassination_plot" title="2011 alleged Iran assassination plot">2011 alleged Iran assassination plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_attacks_on_Israeli_diplomats" title="2012 attacks on Israeli diplomats">2012 attacks on Israeli diplomats</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2012_Bangkok_bombings" title="2012 Bangkok bombings">2012 Bangkok bombings</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Cyprus_terrorist_plot" title="2012 Cyprus terrorist plot">2012 Cyprus terrorist plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Burgas_bus_bombing" title="2012 Burgas bus bombing">2012 Burgas bus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yarmouk_Military_Industrial_Complex" title="Yarmouk Military Industrial Complex">Yarmouk munitions factory explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Israeli_airstrikes_in_Iraq" title="2019 Israeli airstrikes in Iraq">2019 Israeli airstrikes in Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Erbil_missile_attacks" title="2022 Erbil missile attacks">2022 Erbil missile attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Istanbul_terror_plot" title="2022 Istanbul terror plot">2022 Istanbul terror plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Iranian_missile_strikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="2024 Iranian missile strikes in Iraq and Syria">2024 Iranian missile strikes in Iraq and Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/20_July_2024_Israeli_attack_on_Yemen" title="20 July 2024 Israeli attack on Yemen">20 July 2024 Israeli attack on Yemen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Nuclear program of Iran">Nuclear program of Iran</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Iranian_nuclear_scientists" title="Assassination of Iranian nuclear scientists">Assassination of Iranian nuclear scientists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardeshir_Hosseinpour" title="Ardeshir Hosseinpour">Ardeshir Hosseinpour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massoud_Ali-Mohammadi" title="Massoud Ali-Mohammadi">Massoud Ali-Mohammadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Majid_Shahriari" title="Majid Shahriari">Majid Shahriari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fereydoon_Abbasi" title="Fereydoon Abbasi">Fereydoon Abbasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mostafa_Ahmadi_Roshan" title="Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan">Mostafa Ahmadi Roshan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohsen_Fakhrizadeh" title="Mohsen Fakhrizadeh">Mohsen Fakhrizadeh</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMAD_Project" title="AMAD Project">AMAD Project</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mossad_infiltration_of_Iranian_nuclear_archive" title="Mossad infiltration of Iranian nuclear archive">Mossad infiltration of Iranian nuclear archive</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bid_Kaneh_explosion" title="Bid Kaneh explosion">Bid Kaneh explosion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuxnet" title="Stuxnet">Stuxnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Iran_explosions" title="2020 Iran explosions">2020 Iran explosions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Natanz_incident" title="2021 Natanz incident">2021 Natanz incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Iran_drone_attacks" title="2023 Iran drone attacks">2023 Iran drone attacks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia_and_the_Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Russia and the Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Russia and the Iran–Israel proxy conflict</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Hamas_relations" title="Russia–Hamas relations">Russia–Hamas relations</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Reza_Djalali" title="Ahmad Reza Djalali">Ahmad Reza Djalali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_Resistance" title="Axis of Resistance">Axis of Resistance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_alliance" title="Arab–Israeli alliance">Arab–Israeli alliance</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Accords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2019_Warsaw_Conference" title="February 2019 Warsaw Conference">Warsaw Middle East conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Mojahedin_Organization_of_Iran" title="People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran">People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Satan" title="Little Satan">Little Satan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Ahmadinejad_and_Israel" title="Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Israel">Mahmoud Ahmadinejad and Israel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Views_on_military_action_against_Iran" title="Views on military action against Iran">Views on military action against Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_and_state-sponsored_terrorism" title="Iran and state-sponsored terrorism">Iran and state-sponsored terrorism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_support_for_Hamas" title="Iranian support for Hamas">Iranian support for Hamas</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_and_state-sponsored_terrorism" title="Israel and state-sponsored terrorism">Israel and state-sponsored terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quds_Day" title="Quds Day">Quds Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prisoner_X2" title="Prisoner X2">Prisoner X2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehran_(TV_series)" title="Tehran (TV series)"><i>Tehran</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Category:Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Category:Iran–Israel proxy conflict</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Iran&#124;link=Iran_Iran–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States545" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template:Iran–United States relations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template talk:Iran–United States relations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Iran–United States relations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Iran&#124;link=Iran_Iran–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States545" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran"><img alt="Iran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Iran–United States relations">Iran–United States relations</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomatic posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_Iran,_Washington,_D.C." title="Embassy of Iran, Washington, D.C.">Embassy of Iran, Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_Iran_to_the_United_States" title="List of ambassadors of Iran to the United States">Ambassadors of Iran to the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Tehran" title="Embassy of the United States, Tehran">Embassy of the United States, Tehran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Iran" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Iran">Ambassadors of the United States to Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interests_Section_of_Iran_in_the_United_States" title="Interests Section of Iran in the United States">Interests Section of Iran in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate-General_of_the_United_States,_Tabriz" title="Consulate-General of the United States, Tabriz">Consulate-General of the United States, Tabriz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Near_Eastern_Affairs" title="Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs">Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_States_Claims_Tribunal" title="Iran–United States Claims Tribunal">Iran–United States Claims Tribunal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Directorate" title="Iranian Directorate">Iranian Directorate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Syria_Policy_and_Operations_Group" title="Iran Syria Policy and Operations Group">Iran Syria Policy and Operations Group</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Corridor" title="Persian Corridor">Persian Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf_Command" title="Persian Gulf Command">Persian Gulf Command</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nationalization_of_the_Iranian_oil_industry" title="Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry">Nationalization of the Iranian oil industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1953 Iranian coup d'état">1953 Iranian coup d'état</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Abadan_Crisis" title="Timeline of the Abadan Crisis">Abadan Crisis Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Amity,_Economic_Relations_and_Consular_Rights" title="Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights">Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_Delawar" title="Exercise Delawar">Exercise Delawar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Dark_Gene" title="Project Dark Gene">Project Dark Gene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safari_Club" title="Safari Club">Safari Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Island_of_Stability_(speech)" title="Island of Stability (speech)">Island of Stability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Ahmadinejad%27s_letter_to_George_W._Bush" title="Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's letter to George W. Bush">Mahmoud Ahmadinejad's letter to George W. Bush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Correspondence_between_Barack_Obama_and_Ali_Khamenei" title="Correspondence between Barack Obama and Ali Khamenei">Correspondence between Barack Obama and Ali Khamenei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phone_conversation_between_Barack_Obama_and_Hassan_Rouhani" title="Phone conversation between Barack Obama and Hassan Rouhani">Phone conversation between Barack Obama and Hassan Rouhani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Negotiations_leading_to_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Negotiations leading to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_Plan_of_Action" title="Joint Plan of Action">Joint Plan of Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_nuclear_deal_framework" title="Iran nuclear deal framework">Framework</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Reactions to the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Criticism of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Criticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="Aftermath of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">Aftermath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_withdrawal_from_the_Joint_Comprehensive_Plan_of_Action" title="United States withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action">U.S. withdrawal</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Conflicts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="Iran–Iraq War">Iran–Iraq War</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_support_for_Iraq_during_the_Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_War" title="United States support for Iraq during the Iran–Iraq War">United States support for Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridgeton_incident" title="Bridgeton incident">Bridgeton incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Air_Flight_655" title="Iran Air Flight 655">Iran Air Flight 655</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Ajr" title="Iran Ajr">Iran Ajr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Contra_affair" title="Iran–Contra affair">Iran–Contra affair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Staunch" title="Operation Staunch">Operation Staunch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Eager_Glacier" title="Operation Eager Glacier">Operation Eager Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Earnest_Will" title="Operation Earnest Will">Operation Earnest Will</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Prime_Chance" title="Operation Prime Chance">Operation Prime Chance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Nimble_Archer" title="Operation Nimble Archer">Operation Nimble Archer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Praying_Mantis" title="Operation Praying Mantis">Operation Praying Mantis</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrian_civil_war" title="Syrian civil war">Syrian civil war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yemeni_civil_war_(2014%E2%80%93present)" title="Yemeni civil war (2014–present)">Yemeni Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_alliance" title="Arab–Israeli alliance">Arab–Israeli alliance</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Accords</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2019_Warsaw_Conference" title="February 2019 Warsaw Conference">February 2019 Warsaw Conference</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Israel_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Israel proxy conflict">Iran–Israel proxy conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93Saudi_Arabia_proxy_conflict" title="Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict">Iran–Saudi Arabia proxy conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russia%E2%80%93Syria%E2%80%93Iran%E2%80%93Iraq_coalition" title="Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition">Russia–Syria–Iran–Iraq coalition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Security_Construct" title="International Maritime Security Construct">International Maritime Security Construct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Assassination of Qasem Soleimani">Assassination of Qasem Soleimani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_assassination_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Reactions to the assassination of Qasem Soleimani">reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_revenge_scenarios" class="mw-redirect" title="Thirteen revenge scenarios">Thirteen revenge scenarios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump%27s_threat_for_the_destruction_of_Iranian_cultural_sites" title="Donald Trump's threat for the destruction of Iranian cultural sites">Donald Trump's threat for the destruction of Iranian cultural sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Martyr_Soleimani" title="Operation Martyr Soleimani">Operation Martyr Soleimani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Camp_Taji_attacks" title="2020 Camp Taji attacks">2020 Camp Taji attacks</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations_after_1979" title="Iran–United States relations after 1979">Incidents after 1979</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Paul_R._Shaffer_and_John_H._Turner" title="Assassination of Paul R. Shaffer and John H. Turner">Assassination of Paul R. Shaffer and John H. Turner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_revolution" title="Iranian revolution">Iranian revolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis" title="Iran hostage crisis">Iran hostage crisis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Iranian_hostage_crisis" title="Timeline of the Iranian hostage crisis">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guadeloupe_Conference" title="Guadeloupe Conference">Guadeloupe Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Credible_Sport" title="Operation Credible Sport">Operation Credible Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Eagle_Claw" title="Operation Eagle Claw">Operation Eagle Claw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Caper" title="Canadian Caper">Canadian Caper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter%27s_engagement_with_Ruhollah_Khomeini" title="Jimmy Carter's engagement with Ruhollah Khomeini">Jimmy Carter's engagement with Ruhollah Khomeini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_October_Surprise_theory" title="1980 October Surprise theory">1980 October Surprise theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis_negotiations" title="Iran hostage crisis negotiations">Negotiations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Algiers_Accords" title="Algiers Accords">Algiers Accords</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/America_can%27t_do_a_damn_thing_against_us" title="America can't do a damn thing against us">America can't do a damn thing against us</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983_Beirut_barracks_bombings" title="1983 Beirut barracks bombings">Beirut barracks bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khobar_Towers_bombing" title="Khobar Towers bombing">Khobar Towers bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Franklin_espionage_scandal" title="Lawrence Franklin espionage scandal">Lawrence Franklin espionage scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disappearance_of_Robert_Levinson" title="Disappearance of Robert Levinson">Disappearance of Robert Levinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_kill_or_capture_strategy_in_Iraq" title="United States kill or capture strategy in Iraq">United States kill or capture strategy in Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_raid_on_the_Iranian_Liaison_Office_in_Erbil" title="United States raid on the Iranian Liaison Office in Erbil">United States raid on the Iranian Liaison Office in Erbil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Jalal_Sharafi" title="Kidnapping of Jalal Sharafi">Kidnapping of Jalal Sharafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Iran%E2%80%93United_States_naval_dispute" title="2008 Iran–United States naval dispute">2008 Naval dispute</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_Monkey" title="Filipino Monkey">Filipino Monkey</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Cassandra" title="Project Cassandra">Project Cassandra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009%E2%80%932011_detention_of_American_hikers_by_Iran" title="2009–2011 detention of American hikers by Iran">Detention of American hikers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contents_of_the_United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak_(Iran)" title="Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak (Iran)">United States diplomatic cables leak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_alleged_Iran_assassination_plot" title="2011 alleged Iran assassination plot">2011 alleged Iran assassination plot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Strait_of_Hormuz_dispute" title="2011–2012 Strait of Hormuz dispute">Strait of Hormuz dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93U.S._RQ-170_incident" title="Iran–U.S. RQ-170 incident">RQ-170 incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MV_Maersk_Tigris" title="MV Maersk Tigris">MV <i>Maersk Tigris</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_U.S.%E2%80%93Iran_naval_incident" title="2016 U.S.–Iran naval incident">2016 Naval incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Nuclear program of Iran">Nuclear program of Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_nuclear_program_of_Iran" title="Timeline of the nuclear program of Iran">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P5%2B1" title="P5+1">P5+1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Merlin" title="Operation Merlin">Operation Merlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charming_Kitten" title="Charming Kitten">Charming Kitten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuxnet" title="Stuxnet">Stuxnet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kidnapping_of_Hossein_Alikhani" title="Kidnapping of Hossein Alikhani">Kidnapping of Hossein Alikhani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extradition_case_of_Meng_Wanzhou" title="Extradition case of Meng Wanzhou">Arrest of Meng Wanzhou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deportation_of_Iranian_students_at_US_airports" title="Deportation of Iranian students at US airports">Deportation of Iranian students at US airports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2019_Gulf_of_Oman_incident" title="May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident">May 2019 Gulf of Oman incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2019_Gulf_of_Oman_incident" title="June 2019 Gulf of Oman incident">June 2019 Gulf of Oman incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Iranian_shoot-down_of_American_drone" title="2019 Iranian shoot-down of American drone">2019 Iranian shoot-down of American drone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_K-1_Air_Base_attack" title="2019 K-1 Air Base attack">2019 K-1 Air Base attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2019_United_States_airstrikes_in_Iraq_and_Syria" title="December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria">December 2019 United States airstrikes in Iraq and Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attack_on_the_United_States_embassy_in_Baghdad" title="Attack on the United States embassy in Baghdad">Attack on the United States embassy in Baghdad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Iran_explosions" title="2020 Iran explosions">2020 Iran explosions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Erbil_rocket_attacks" title="2021 Erbil rocket attacks">2021 Erbil rocket attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Natanz_incident" title="2021 Natanz incident">2021 Natanz incident</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/February_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">February 2021 United States airstrike in Syria</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leaked_Mohammad_Javad_Zarif_audiotape" title="Leaked Mohammad Javad Zarif audiotape">Leaked Mohammad Javad Zarif audiotape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June_2021_United_States_airstrike_in_Syria" title="June 2021 United States airstrike in Syria">June 2021 United States airstrike in Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/July_2021_Gulf_of_Oman_incident" title="July 2021 Gulf of Oman incident">July 2021 Gulf of Oman incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2021_Gulf_of_Oman_incident" title="August 2021 Gulf of Oman incident">August 2021 Gulf of Oman incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_U.S.%E2%80%93Iran_naval_incident" title="2021 U.S.–Iran naval incident">2021 U.S.–Iran naval incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Erbil_missile_attacks" title="2022 Erbil missile attacks">2022 Erbil missile attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2023_Northeastern_Syria_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="March 2023 Northeastern Syria clashes">2023 Northeastern Syria clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suez_Rajan" class="mw-redirect" title="Suez Rajan">Seizure of <i>Suez Rajan</i> and <i>St Nikolas</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Attacks_on_US_bases_in_Iraq,_Jordan,_and_Syria_during_the_Israel%E2%80%93Hamas_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Attacks on US bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria during the Israel–Hamas war">Attacks on US bases in Iraq, Jordan, and Syria during the Israel–Hamas war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Erbil_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Erbil attack">2024 Erbil attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tower_22_drone_attack" title="Tower 22 drone attack">Tower 22 drone attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_interference_in_the_2024_United_States_elections" title="Iranian interference in the 2024 United States elections">Iranian interference in the 2024 United States elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sanctions_against_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanctions against Iran">Legislation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_sanctions_against_Iran" title="United States sanctions against Iran">United States sanctions against Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maximum_pressure_campaign" title="Maximum pressure campaign">Maximum pressure campaign</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_12170" title="Executive Order 12170">Executive Order 12170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_12172" title="Executive Order 12172">Executive Order 12172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13769" title="Executive Order 13769">Executive Order 13769</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_Executive_Order_13769" title="Reactions to Executive Order 13769">reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trump_travel_ban" title="Trump travel ban">Trump travel ban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13780" title="Executive Order 13780">Executive Order 13780</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Executive_Order_13876" class="mw-redirect" title="Executive Order 13876">Executive Order 13876</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_and_Libya_Sanctions_Act" title="Iran and Libya Sanctions Act">Iran and Libya Sanctions Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Nonproliferation_Act_of_2000" title="Iran Nonproliferation Act of 2000">Iran Nonproliferation Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran,_North_Korea,_Syria_Nonproliferation_Act" title="Iran, North Korea, Syria Nonproliferation Act">Iran, North Korea, Syria Nonproliferation Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Freedom_and_Support_Act" title="Iran Freedom and Support Act">Iran Freedom and Support Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Sanctions_Enhancement_Act_of_2007" title="Iran Sanctions Enhancement Act of 2007">Iran Sanctions Enhancement Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyl%E2%80%93Lieberman_Amendment" title="Kyl–Lieberman Amendment">Kyl–Lieberman Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Iran_Sanctions,_Accountability,_and_Divestment_Act_of_2010" title="Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act of 2010">Comprehensive Iran Sanctions, Accountability, and Divestment Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Freedom_and_Counter-Proliferation_Act" title="Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act">Iran Freedom and Counter-Proliferation Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_Law_113-100" title="Public Law 113-100">Public Law 113-100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Nuclear_Agreement_Review_Act_of_2015" title="Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act of 2015">Iran Nuclear Agreement Review Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countering_America%27s_Adversaries_Through_Sanctions_Act" title="Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act">Countering America's Adversaries Through Sanctions Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dames_%26_Moore_v._Regan" title="Dames & Moore v. Regan">Dames & Moore v. Regan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Diplomatic_and_Consular_Staff_in_Tehran" title="United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran">United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oil_Platforms_case" title="Oil Platforms case">Oil Platforms case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v._Banki" title="United States v. Banki">United States v. Banki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_Markazi_v._Peterson" title="Bank Markazi v. Peterson">Bank Markazi v. Peterson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certain_Iranian_Assets" title="Certain Iranian Assets">Certain Iranian Assets</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rubin_v._Islamic_Republic_of_Iran" title="Rubin v. Islamic Republic of Iran">Rubin v. Islamic Republic of Iran</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alleged_Violations_of_the_1955_Treaty_of_Amity_(Iran_v._United_States)" title="Alleged Violations of the 1955 Treaty of Amity (Iran v. United States)">Alleged violations of Treaty of Amity</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Groups and individuals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Action_Group" title="Iran Action Group">Iran Action Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93America_Society" title="Iran–America Society">Iran–America Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_Students_Association_in_the_United_States" title="Iranian Students Association in the United States">Iranian Students Association in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Iranian_American_Council" title="National Iranian American Council">National Iranian American Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organization_of_Iranian_American_Communities" title="Organization of Iranian American Communities">Organization of Iranian American Communities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Against_Nuclear_Iran" title="United Against Nuclear Iran">United Against Nuclear Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farashgard" title="Farashgard">Farashgard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Revolutionary_Guard_Corps" title="Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps">Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jundallah_(Iran)" title="Jundallah (Iran)">Jundallah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_Assembly_of_Iran" title="Kingdom Assembly of Iran">Kingdom Assembly of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="National Council of Iran">National Council of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Council_of_Resistance_of_Iran" title="National Council of Resistance of Iran">National Council of Resistance of Iran</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Mojahedin_Organization_of_Iran" title="People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran">People's Mojahedin Organization of Iran</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Abrams" title="Elliott Abrams">Elliott Abrams</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaveh_L._Afrasiabi" title="Kaveh L. Afrasiabi">Kaveh L. Afrasiabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Howard_Baskerville" title="Howard Baskerville">Howard Baskerville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_J._Fallon" title="William J. Fallon">William J. Fallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Hook" title="Brian Hook">Brian Hook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Macmanus" title="Joseph Macmanus">Joseph Macmanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Malley" title="Robert Malley">Robert Malley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_D._Mull" title="Stephen D. Mull">Stephen D. Mull</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_David_Rabhan" title="Erwin David Rabhan">Erwin David Rabhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jason_Rezaian" title="Jason Rezaian">Jason Rezaian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Ritter" title="Scott Ritter">Scott Ritter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Craig_Wadsworth" title="Craig Wadsworth">Craig Wadsworth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_R._White_(U.S._veteran)" title="Michael R. White (U.S. veteran)">Michael R. White</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roxana_Saberi" title="Roxana Saberi">Roxana Saberi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeed_Abedini" title="Saeed Abedini">Saeed Abedini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeid_Aboutaleb" title="Saeid Aboutaleb">Saeid Aboutaleb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahram_Amiri" title="Shahram Amiri">Shahram Amiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirous_Asgari" title="Sirous Asgari">Sirous Asgari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahmoud_Reza_Banki" title="Mahmoud Reza Banki">Mahmoud Reza Banki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haleh_Esfandiari" title="Haleh Esfandiari">Haleh Esfandiari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amir_Mirza_Hekmati" title="Amir Mirza Hekmati">Amir Mirza Hekmati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ezedin_Abdel_Aziz_Khalil" title="Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil">Ezedin Abdel Aziz Khalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahrzad_Mirgholikhan" title="Shahrzad Mirgholikhan">Shahrzad Mirgholikhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Hosseini_(showman)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad Hosseini (showman)">Mohammad Hosseini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esha_Momeni" title="Esha Momeni">Esha Momeni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Mosaddegh" title="Mohammad Mosaddegh">Mohammad Mosaddegh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baquer_Namazi" title="Baquer Namazi">Baquer Namazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siamak_Namazi" title="Siamak Namazi">Siamak Namazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahar_Nowrouzzadeh" title="Sahar Nowrouzzadeh">Sahar Nowrouzzadeh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reza_Pahlavi,_Crown_Prince_of_Iran" title="Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran">Reza Pahlavi, Crown Prince of Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noor_Pahlavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Noor Pahlavi">Noor Pahlavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trita_Parsi" title="Trita Parsi">Trita Parsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryam_Rajavi" title="Maryam Rajavi">Maryam Rajavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdolreza_Shahlaei" title="Abdolreza Shahlaei">Abdolreza Shahlaei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Shakeri" title="Ali Shakeri">Ali Shakeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masoud_Soleimani" title="Masoud Soleimani">Masoud Soleimani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morad_Tahbaz" title="Morad Tahbaz">Morad Tahbaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kian_Tajbakhsh" title="Kian Tajbakhsh">Kian Tajbakhsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karan_Vafadari" title="Karan Vafadari">Karan Vafadari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiyue_Wang" title="Xiyue Wang">Xiyue Wang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizar_Zakka" title="Nizar Zakka">Nizar Zakka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Iranian_detainees_at_Guantanamo_Bay" title="List of Iranian detainees at Guantanamo Bay">Iranian Guantanamo Bay detainees</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Majid_Muhammed" title="Abdul Majid Muhammed">Abdul Majid Muhammed</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_v_Iran_(1998_FIFA_World_Cup)" title="United States v Iran (1998 FIFA World Cup)">1998 FIFA World Cup match</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Academic_relations_between_Iran_and_the_United_States" title="Academic relations between Iran and the United States">Academic relations between Iran and the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Islam_(term)" title="American Islam (term)">American Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-American_sentiment_in_Iran" title="Anti-American sentiment in Iran">Anti-American sentiment in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axis_of_evil" title="Axis of evil">Axis of evil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CIA_activities_in_Iran" title="CIA activities in Iran">CIA activities in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran%E2%80%93United_States_copyright_relations" title="Iran–United States copyright relations">Copyright relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_to_America" title="Death to America">Death to America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dual_containment" title="Dual containment">Dual containment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Satan" title="Great Satan">Great Satan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Conference_on_Hollywoodism" title="International Conference on Hollywoodism">International Conference on Hollywoodism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_and_state-sponsored_terrorism" title="Iran and state-sponsored terrorism">Iran and state-sponsored terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_frozen_assets" title="Iranian frozen assets">Iranian frozen assets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opposition_to_military_action_against_Iran" class="mw-redirect" title="Opposition to military action against Iran">Opposition to military action against Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Sponsors_of_Terrorism_(U.S._list)" title="State Sponsors of Terrorism (U.S. list)">State Sponsor of Terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_involvement_in_regime_change" title="United States involvement in regime change">United States involvement in regime change</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_and_state-sponsored_terrorism" title="United States and state-sponsored terrorism">United States and state-sponsored terrorism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/650_Fifth_Avenue" title="650 Fifth Avenue">650 Fifth Avenue</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alavi_Foundation" title="Alavi Foundation">Alavi Foundation</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alborz_High_School" title="Alborz High School">Alborz High School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Institute_of_Iranian_Studies" title="American Institute of Iranian Studies">American Institute of Iranian Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_School_of_Isfahan" title="American School of Isfahan">American School of Isfahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_School,_Tehran" title="Community School, Tehran">Community School, Tehran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damavand_College" title="Damavand College">Damavand College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iran_Bethel_School" title="Iran Bethel School">Iran Bethel School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranzamin_School" title="Iranzamin School">Iranzamin School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_Church,_Tehran" title="Saint Peter Church, Tehran">Saint Peter Church, Tehran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehran_American_School" title="Tehran American School">Tehran American School</a></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Bomb_Iran" title="Bomb Iran">Bomb Iran</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Overthrow_(book)" title="Overthrow (book)">Overthrow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Not_for_the_Faint_of_Heart" title="Not for the Faint of Heart">Not for the Faint of Heart</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Iran%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Category:Iran–United States relations">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bahrain&#124;link=Bahrain_Bahrain–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States433" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bahrain%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template:Bahrain–United States relations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bahrain%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template talk:Bahrain–United States relations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bahrain%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bahrain–United States relations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Bahrain&#124;link=Bahrain_Bahrain–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States433" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain"><img alt="Bahrain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Bahrain.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bahrain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Bahrain–United States relations">Bahrain–United States relations</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomatic posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_Bahrain,_Washington,_D.C." title="Embassy of Bahrain, Washington, D.C.">Embassy of Bahrain, Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_Bahrain_to_the_United_States" title="List of ambassadors of Bahrain to the United States">Ambassadors of Bahrain to the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Manama" title="Embassy of the United States, Manama">Embassy of the United States, Manama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Bahrain" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Bahrain">Ambassadors of the United States to Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Near_Eastern_Affairs" title="Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs">Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93United_States_Free_Trade_Agreement" title="Bahrain–United States Free Trade Agreement">Bahrain–United States Free Trade Agreement</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Accords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_alliance" title="Arab–Israeli alliance">Arab–Israeli alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negev_Summit" title="Negev Summit">Negev Summit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Military relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bahraini_detainees_at_Guantanamo_Bay" title="List of Bahraini detainees at Guantanamo Bay">Bahraini Guantanamo Bay detainees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain_School" title="Bahrain School">Bahrain School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Support_Activity_Bahrain" title="Naval Support Activity Bahrain">Naval Support Activity Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Major_non-NATO_ally" title="Major non-NATO ally">Major non-NATO ally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Security_Construct" title="International Maritime Security Construct">International Maritime Security Construct</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Mission_Hospital" title="American Mission Hospital">American Mission Hospital</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Bahrain%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Category:Bahrain–United States relations">Category:Bahrain–United States relations</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_United_Arab_Emirates–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=434" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template:United Arab Emirates–United States relations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template talk:United Arab Emirates–United States relations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United Arab Emirates–United States relations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_United_Arab_Emirates–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=434" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="United Arab Emirates–United States relations">United Arab Emirates–United States relations</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomatic posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates,_Washington,_D.C." title="Embassy of the United Arab Emirates, Washington, D.C.">Embassy of the United Arab Emirates, Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_the_United_States,_Abu_Dhabi" title="Embassy of the United States, Abu Dhabi">Embassy of the United States, Abu Dhabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to the United Arab Emirates">Ambassadors of the United States to the United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate_General_of_the_United_States,_Dubai" class="mw-redirect" title="Consulate General of the United States, Dubai">Consulate General of the United States, Dubai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Near_Eastern_Affairs" title="Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs">Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Dhafra_Air_Base" title="Al Dhafra Air Base">Al Dhafra Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S.%E2%80%93UAE_123_Agreement_for_Peaceful_Civilian_Nuclear_Energy_Cooperation" title="U.S.–UAE 123 Agreement for Peaceful Civilian Nuclear Energy Cooperation">U.S.–UAE 123 Agreement for Peaceful Civilian Nuclear Energy Cooperation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Maritime_Security_Construct" title="International Maritime Security Construct">International Maritime Security Construct</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Accords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_alliance" title="Arab–Israeli alliance">Arab–Israeli alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminal_High_Altitude_Area_Defense" title="Terminal High Altitude Area Defense">Terminal High Altitude Area Defense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Abrahamic_Alliance" title="Indo-Abrahamic Alliance">Indo-Abrahamic Alliance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I2U2_Group" title="I2U2 Group">I2U2 Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Negev_Summit" title="Negev Summit">Negev Summit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viktor_Bout%E2%80%93Brittney_Griner_prisoner_exchange" title="Viktor Bout–Brittney Griner prisoner exchange">Viktor Bout–Brittney Griner prisoner exchange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dubai_Ports_World_controversy" title="Dubai Ports World controversy">Dubai Ports World controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contents_of_the_United_States_diplomatic_cables_leak_(United_Arab_Emirates)" title="Contents of the United States diplomatic cables leak (United Arab Emirates)">United States diplomatic cables leak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Ibolya_Ryan" title="Murder of Ibolya Ryan">Murder of Ibolya Ryan</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rehaif_v._United_States" title="Rehaif v. United States">Rehaif v. United States</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Emirati_detainees_at_Guantanamo_Bay" title="List of Emirati detainees at Guantanamo Bay">Emirati Guantanamo Bay detainees</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UAE_Healthy_Kidney_10K" title="UAE Healthy Kidney 10K">UAE Healthy Kidney 10K</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:United_Arab_Emirates%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Category:United Arab Emirates–United States relations">Category:United Arab Emirates–United States relations</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Benjamin_Netanyahu521" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Template:Benjamin Netanyahu"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Template talk:Benjamin Netanyahu"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Benjamin Netanyahu"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Benjamin_Netanyahu521" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Benjamin Netanyahu">Benjamin Netanyahu</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/List_of_prime_ministers_of_Israel" title="List of prime ministers of Israel">9th</a> <a href="/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_Israel" title="Prime Minister of Israel">Prime Minister of Israel</a> (1996–1999; 2009–2021; 2022–)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leader_of_the_Opposition_(Israel)" title="Leader of the Opposition (Israel)">Leader of the Opposition</a> (1993–1996; 2006–2009; 2021–2022)</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Likud" title="Likud">Chairman of Likud</a> (1993–1999, 2005–)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Premiership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Governments <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-seventh_government_of_Israel" title="Twenty-seventh government of Israel">27</a> (1996–1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty-second_government_of_Israel" title="Thirty-second government of Israel">32</a> (2009–2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty-third_government_of_Israel" title="Thirty-third government of Israel">33</a> (2013–2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty-fourth_government_of_Israel" title="Thirty-fourth government of Israel">34</a> (2015–2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty-fifth_government_of_Israel" title="Thirty-fifth government of Israel">35</a> (2020–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty-seventh_government_of_Israel" title="Thirty-seventh government of Israel">37</a> (2022–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israeli_war_cabinet" title="Israeli war cabinet">38 (war cabinet)</a> (2023–)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Gaza_War" title="2014 Gaza War">2014 Gaza War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018%E2%80%932022_Israeli_political_crisis" title="2018–2022 Israeli political crisis">2018–2022 Israeli political crisis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Abraham Accords</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahrain%E2%80%93Israel_normalization_agreement" title="Bahrain–Israel normalization agreement">Bahrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93United_Arab_Emirates_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–United Arab Emirates normalization agreement">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Morocco_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Morocco normalization agreement">Morocco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel%E2%80%93Sudan_normalization_agreement" title="Israel–Sudan normalization agreement">Sudan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Israel_Guarantees" title="Operation Israel Guarantees">Operation Israel Guarantees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Israeli_judicial_reform" title="2023 Israeli judicial reform">2023 Israeli judicial reform</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2023_Israeli_judicial_reform_protests" title="2023 Israeli judicial reform protests">protests</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reactions_to_the_2023_Israeli_judicial_reform" title="Reactions to the 2023 Israeli judicial reform">reactions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaza_war" title="Gaza war">Gaza war</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_drone_attack_on_Benjamin_Netanyahu%27s_residence" title="2024 drone attack on Benjamin Netanyahu's residence">2024 drone attack on Benjamin Netanyahu's residence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Israeli_secret_document_leak_scandal" title="2024 Israeli secret document leak scandal">2024 Israeli secret document leak scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_prime_ministerial_trips_made_by_Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="List of international prime ministerial trips made by Benjamin Netanyahu">International trips</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_visit_by_Benjamin_Netanyahu_to_the_United_States" title="2024 visit by Benjamin Netanyahu to the United States">United States</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Criminal_Court_arrest_warrants_for_Israeli_leaders" title="International Criminal Court arrest warrants for Israeli leaders">Arrest warrant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Elections</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Likud leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_Likud_leadership_election" title="1993 Likud leadership election">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/January_1999_Likud_leadership_election" title="January 1999 Likud leadership election">January 1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2002_Likud_leadership_election" title="2002 Likud leadership election">2002</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Likud_leadership_election" title="2005 Likud leadership election">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Likud_leadership_election" title="2007 Likud leadership election">2007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Likud_leadership_election" title="2012 Likud leadership election">2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Likud_leadership_election" title="2014 Likud leadership election">2014</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Likud_leadership_election" title="2019 Likud leadership election">2019</a> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Knesset</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1996_Israeli_general_election" title="1996 Israeli general election">1996</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Israeli_general_election" title="1999 Israeli general election">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2009 Israeli legislative election">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2013 Israeli legislative election">2013</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2015 Israeli legislative election">2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/April_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="April 2019 Israeli legislative election">April 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2019_Israeli_legislative_election" title="September 2019 Israeli legislative election">September 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2020 Israeli legislative election">2020</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2021_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2021 Israeli legislative election">2021</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2022_Israeli_legislative_election" title="2022 Israeli legislative election">2022</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Family</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sara_Netanyahu" title="Sara Netanyahu">Sara Netanyahu</a> (wife)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yair_Netanyahu" title="Yair Netanyahu">Yair Netanyahu</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avner_Netanyahu" title="Avner Netanyahu">Avner Netanyahu</a> (son)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzion_Netanyahu" title="Benzion Netanyahu">Benzion Netanyahu</a> (father)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yonatan_Netanyahu" title="Yonatan Netanyahu">Yonatan Netanyahu</a> (brother)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iddo_Netanyahu" title="Iddo Netanyahu">Iddo Netanyahu</a> (brother)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trial_of_Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="Trial of Benjamin Netanyahu">Trial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Project_315" title="Project 315">Project 315</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020%E2%80%932021_protests_against_Benjamin_Netanyahu" title="2020–2021 protests against Benjamin Netanyahu">2020–2021 protests against Benjamin Netanyahu</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Clean_Break:_A_New_Strategy_for_Securing_the_Realm" title="A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm">A Clean Break: A New Strategy for Securing the Realm</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Netanyahus" title="The Netanyahus">The Netanyahus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Bibi_Files" title="The Bibi Files">The Bibi Files</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99495661#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata685" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q99495661#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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