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And the priests answered and said, It shall be unclean.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/haggai/2.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />And Haggai said, “If <i>one who is</i> unclean <i>because</i> of a dead body touches any of these, will it be unclean?” So the priests answered and said, “It shall be unclean.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/haggai/2.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then Haggai said, “If one who is unclean from a corpse touches any of these <i>things,</i> will <i>the latter</i> become unclean?” And the priests answered, “It will become unclean.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/haggai/2.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Then Haggai said, &#8220If one who is unclean from a corpse touches any of these, will the latter become unclean?&#8221 And the priests answered, &#8220It will become unclean.&#8221<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/haggai/2.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Then Haggai said, “If one who is unclean from a corpse touches any of these, will <i>the latter</i> become unclean?” And the priests answered and said, “It will become unclean.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/haggai/2.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Then Haggai said, “If one who is unclean from a corpse touches any of these, will <i>the latter</i> become unclean?” And the priests answered, “It will become unclean.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/haggai/2.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />Then Haggai said, “If one who is [ceremonially] unclean because of [contact with] a corpse touches any of these [articles of food], will it be unclean?” And the priests answered, “It will be unclean.” [Ceremonial uncleanness, like sin, is infectious.]<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/haggai/2.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then Haggai asked, “If someone defiled by contact with a corpse touches any of these, does it become defiled? ” The priests answered, “It becomes defiled.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/haggai/2.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />Then Haggai asked, &#8220If someone defiled by contact with a corpse touches any of these, does it become defiled?&#8221 The priests answered, &#8220It becomes defiled.&#8221 <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/haggai/2.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />Then said Haggai, If one that is unclean by reason of a dead body touch any of these, shall it be unclean? And the priests answered and said, It shall be unclean.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/haggai/2.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />Then Haggai said, "Suppose someone has touched a dead body and is considered unacceptable to worship God. If that person touches these foods, would they become unclean?" "Of course they would," the priests answered. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/haggai/2.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />Then said Haggai, If one that is unclean by a dead body touch any of these, shall it be unclean? And the priests answered and said, It shall be unclean.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/haggai/2.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />Haggai asked, "Suppose a person becomes unclean by touching a corpse. If he touches any of these things, does that make them unclean?" The priests answered, "That makes them unclean." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/haggai/2.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />Then Haggai asked, "Suppose someone is defiled because he has touched a dead body. If he then touches any of these foods, will that make them defiled too?" The priests answered, "Yes." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/haggai/2.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />So Haggai responded, "If someone who is unclean because of contact with a dead body were to touch any of these things, would they become unclean?" The priests responded, "They would be unclean." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/haggai/2.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />So Haggai asked, ?If one who is defiled by contact with a corpse touches any of these, does it become defiled?? ?Yes, it becomes defiled,? the priests answered.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/haggai/2.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />Then Haggai asked, "If a person who is ritually unclean because of touching a dead body comes in contact with one of these items, will it become unclean?" The priests answered, "It will be unclean." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/haggai/2.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />Then Haggai said, "If one who is unclean by reason of a dead body touch any of these, will it be unclean?" The priests answered, "It will be unclean."<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/haggai/2.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />Then said Haggai, If one that is unclean by a dead body shall touch any of these, shall it be unclean? And the priests answered and said, It shall be unclean.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/haggai/2.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />Then Haggai said, “If one who is unclean by reason of a dead body touch any of these, will it be unclean?” The priests answered, “It will be unclean.” <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/haggai/2.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And Haggai says, “If the unclean of body comes against any of these, is it unclean?” And the priests answer and say, “It is unclean.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/haggai/2.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And Haggai saith, 'If the unclean of body doth come against any of these, is it unclean?' And the priests answer and say, 'It is unclean.'<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/haggai/2.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And Haggai will say, If the unclean of soul shall touch upon any of these, shall it be unclean? and the priests shall answer and say, It shall be unclean.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/haggai/2.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And Aggeus said: If one that is unclean by occasion of a soul touch any of all these things, shall it be defiled? And the priests answered, and said: It shall be defiled. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/haggai/2.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br /><V 2:14>And Haggai said, “If the polluted in soul will have touched any of all these things, shall it be contaminated?” And the priests responded and said, “It shall be contaminated.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/haggai/2.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />Then Haggai asked: “If a person defiled from contact with a corpse touches any of these, do they become defiled?” The priests answered, “They become defiled.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/haggai/2.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />Then Haggai said, “If one who is unclean by contact with a dead body touches any of these, does it become unclean?” The priests answered, “Yes, it becomes unclean.”<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/haggai/2.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Then said Haggai, If one who is unclean touches all these things, shall it be unclean? And the priests answered and said, It shall be unclean.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/haggai/2.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />Khaggi said: ”If he who has defiled himself touched all these things, is he not defiled? the Priests answered and they said to him: “He is defiled”<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/haggai/2.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />Then said Haggai: 'If one that is unclean by a dead body touch any of these, shall it be unclean?' And the priests answered and said: 'It shall be unclean.'<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/haggai/2.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And Aggaeus said, If a defiled person who is unclean by reason of a dead body, touch any of these, shall it be defiled? And the priests answered and said, It shall be defiled.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/haggai/2-13.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/E3FsGMCt5I0?start=310" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/haggai/2.htm">Blessings for a Defiled People</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">12</span>If a man carries consecrated meat in the fold of his garment, and it touches bread, stew, wine, oil, or any other food, does that item become holy?’ ” “No,” replied the priests. <span class="reftext">13</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/2292.htm" title="2292: ḥag·gay (N-proper-ms) -- Haggai -- festal, a Hebrew prophet. From chag; festive; Chaggai, a Heb. Prophet.">So Haggai</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: way·yō·mer (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">asked,</a> <a href="/hebrew/518.htm" title="518: ’im- (Conj) -- If. A primitive particle; used very widely as demonstrative, lo!">“If</a> <a href="/hebrew/2931.htm" title="2931: ṭə·mê- (Adj-msc) -- Unclean. From tame'; foul in a relig. Sense.">one who is defiled</a> <a href="/hebrew/5315.htm" title="5315: ne·p̄eš (N-fs) -- From naphash; properly, a breathing creature, i.e. Animal of vitality; used very widely in a literal, accommodated or figurative sense.">by contact with a corpse</a> <a href="/hebrew/5060.htm" title="5060: yig·ga‘ (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms) -- A primitive root; properly, to touch, i.e. Lay the hand upon; by implication, to reach; violently, to strike.">touches</a> <a href="/hebrew/3605.htm" title="3605: bə·ḵāl (Prep-b:: N-msc) -- The whole, all. Or kowl; from kalal; properly, the whole; hence, all, any or every.">any</a> <a href="/hebrew/428.htm" title="428: ’êl·leh (Pro-cp) -- These. Prolonged from 'el; these or those.">of these,</a> <a href="/hebrew/2930.htm" title="2930: hă·yiṭ·mā (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms) -- To be or become unclean. A primitive root; to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense.">does it become defiled?”</a> <a href="/hebrew/2930.htm" title="2930: yiṭ·mā (V-Qal-Imperf-3ms) -- To be or become unclean. A primitive root; to be foul, especially in a ceremial or moral sense.">“Yes, it becomes defiled,”</a> <a href="/hebrew/3548.htm" title="3548: hak·kō·hă·nîm (Art:: N-mp) -- Priest. Active participle of kahan; literally, one officiating, a priest; also an acting priest.">the priests</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: way·yō·mə·rū (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say."></a> <a href="/hebrew/6030.htm" title="6030: way·ya·‘ă·nū (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3mp) -- To answer, respond.">answered.</a> </span><span class="reftext">14</span>Then Haggai replied, “So it is with this people and this nation before Me, declares the LORD, and so it is with every work of their hands; whatever they offer there is defiled.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/leviticus/10-10.htm">Leviticus 10:10</a></span><br />You must distinguish between the holy and the common, between the clean and the unclean,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/numbers/19-11.htm">Numbers 19:11-13</a></span><br />Whoever touches any dead body will be unclean for seven days. / He must purify himself with the water on the third day and on the seventh day; then he will be clean. But if he does not purify himself on the third and seventh days, he will not be clean. / Anyone who touches a human corpse and fails to purify himself defiles the tabernacle of the LORD. That person must be cut off from Israel. He remains unclean, because the water of purification has not been sprinkled on him, and his uncleanness is still on him.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/leviticus/5-2.htm">Leviticus 5:2-3</a></span><br />Or if a person touches anything unclean—whether the carcass of any unclean wild animal or livestock or crawling creature—even if he is unaware of it, he is unclean and guilty. / Or if he touches human uncleanness—anything by which one becomes unclean—even if he is unaware of it, when he realizes it, he is guilty.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/leviticus/7-19.htm">Leviticus 7:19-21</a></span><br />Meat that touches anything unclean must not be eaten; it is to be burned up. As for any other meat, anyone who is ceremonially clean may eat it. / But if anyone who is unclean eats meat from the peace offering that belongs to the LORD, that person must be cut off from his people. / If one touches anything unclean, whether human uncleanness, an unclean animal, or any unclean, detestable thing, and then eats any of the meat of the peace offering that belongs to the LORD, that person must be cut off from his people.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/leviticus/22-4.htm">Leviticus 22:4-6</a></span><br />If a descendant of Aaron has a skin disease or a discharge, he may not eat the sacred offerings until he is clean. Whoever touches anything defiled by a corpse or by a man who has an emission of semen, / or whoever touches a crawling creature or a person that makes him unclean, whatever the uncleanness may be— / the man who touches any of these will remain unclean until evening. He must not eat from the sacred offerings unless he has bathed himself with water.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/numbers/19-22.htm">Numbers 19:22</a></span><br />Anything the unclean person touches will become unclean, and anyone who touches it will be unclean until evening.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/52-11.htm">Isaiah 52:11</a></span><br />Depart, depart, go out from there! Touch no unclean thing; come out from it, purify yourselves, you who carry the vessels of the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ezekiel/44-23.htm">Ezekiel 44:23</a></span><br />They are to teach My people the difference between the holy and the common and show them how to discern between the clean and the unclean.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/leviticus/15-31.htm">Leviticus 15:31</a></span><br />You must keep the children of Israel separate from their uncleanness, so that they do not die by defiling My tabernacle, which is among them.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_corinthians/6-17.htm">2 Corinthians 6:17</a></span><br />“Therefore come out from among them and be separate, says the Lord. Touch no unclean thing, and I will receive you.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/23-27.htm">Matthew 23:27-28</a></span><br />Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You are like whitewashed tombs, which look beautiful on the outside but on the inside are full of dead men’s bones and every kind of impurity. / In the same way, on the outside you appear to be righteous, but on the inside you are full of hypocrisy and wickedness.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/7-2.htm">Mark 7:2-5</a></span><br />and they saw some of His disciples eating with hands that were defiled—that is, unwashed. / Now in holding to the tradition of the elders, the Pharisees and all the Jews do not eat until they wash their hands ceremonially. / And on returning from the market, they do not eat unless they wash. And there are many other traditions for them to observe, including the washing of cups, pitchers, kettles, and couches for dining. ...<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/11-44.htm">Luke 11:44</a></span><br />Woe to you! For you are like unmarked graves, which men walk over without even noticing.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/14-14.htm">Romans 14:14</a></span><br />I am convinced and fully persuaded in the Lord Jesus that nothing is unclean in itself. But if anyone regards something as unclean, then for him it is unclean.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/6-9.htm">1 Corinthians 6:9-11</a></span><br />Do you not know that the wicked will not inherit the kingdom of God? Do not be deceived: Neither the sexually immoral, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor men who submit to or perform homosexual acts, / nor thieves, nor the greedy, nor drunkards, nor verbal abusers, nor swindlers, will inherit the kingdom of God. / And that is what some of you were. But you were washed, you were sanctified, you were justified, in the name of the Lord Jesus Christ and by the Spirit of our God.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">Then said Haggai, If one that is unclean by a dead body touch any of these, shall it be unclean? And the priests answered and said, It shall be unclean.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/numbers/5-2.htm">Numbers 5:2,3</a></b></br> Command the children of Israel, that they put out of the camp every leper, and every one that hath an issue, and whosoever is defiled by the dead: … </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/numbers/9-6.htm">Numbers 9:6-10</a></b></br> And there were certain men, who were defiled by the dead body of a man, that they could not keep the passover on that day: and they came before Moses and before Aaron on that day: … </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/numbers/19-11.htm">Numbers 19:11-22</a></b></br> He that toucheth the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days… </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/habakkuk/3-16.htm">Body</a> <a href="/numbers/5-2.htm">Contact</a> <a href="/jeremiah/26-23.htm">Corpse</a> <a href="/nahum/3-3.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/zephaniah/3-1.htm">Defiled</a> <a href="/haggai/2-10.htm">Haggai</a> <a href="/haggai/2-9.htm">Latter</a> <a href="/haggai/2-12.htm">Priests</a> <a href="/habakkuk/1-16.htm">Reason</a> <a href="/haggai/2-12.htm">Touch</a> <a href="/haggai/2-12.htm">Touches</a> <a href="/hosea/4-2.htm">Touching</a> <a href="/zephaniah/3-4.htm">Unclean</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/zechariah/13-6.htm">Body</a> <a href="/colossians/2-19.htm">Contact</a> <a href="/matthew/14-12.htm">Corpse</a> <a href="/matthew/2-19.htm">Dead</a> <a href="/haggai/2-14.htm">Defiled</a> <a href="/haggai/2-14.htm">Haggai</a> <a href="/zechariah/10-1.htm">Latter</a> <a href="/zechariah/7-3.htm">Priests</a> <a href="/zechariah/2-4.htm">Reason</a> <a href="/matthew/9-21.htm">Touch</a> <a href="/zechariah/2-8.htm">Touches</a> <a href="/zechariah/2-8.htm">Touching</a> <a href="/haggai/2-14.htm">Unclean</a><div class="vheading2">Haggai 2</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/haggai/2-1.htm">He encourages the people to the work, </a></span><br><span class="reftext">4. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/haggai/2-4.htm">by promise of greater glory to the second temple than was in the first.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">10. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/haggai/2-10.htm">In the type of holy things and unclean he shows their sins hindered the work.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">20. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/haggai/2-20.htm">God's promise to Zerubbabel.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/haggai/2.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/haggai/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/haggai/2.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>So Haggai asked,</b><br>Haggai, a post-exilic prophet, is addressing the priests and people of Judah. His role is to encourage the rebuilding of the Temple after the Babylonian exile. This question is part of a series of inquiries meant to illustrate spiritual truths through the Law.<p><b>“If one who is defiled by contact with a corpse</b><br>Contact with a corpse was considered one of the most severe forms of ritual impurity under Mosaic Law (<a href="/numbers/19-11.htm">Numbers 19:11-13</a>). This impurity required a purification process, highlighting the seriousness of death as a result of sin. The defilement symbolizes the pervasive nature of sin and its ability to contaminate.<p><b>touches any of these,</b><br>The "these" refers to the holy offerings and sacrifices. The question implies that holiness cannot be transferred, but impurity can. This reflects the broader biblical theme that sin spreads more easily than holiness, emphasizing the need for vigilance in maintaining purity.<p><b>does it become defiled?”</b><br>This rhetorical question underscores the principle that impurity is easily transmitted. It serves as a metaphor for the spiritual state of the people, suggesting that their unrepentant hearts could defile their worship and offerings, making them unacceptable to God.<p><b>“Yes, it becomes defiled,” the priests answered.</b><br>The priests, experts in the Law, confirm the principle of defilement. Their response aligns with Levitical teachings and underscores the importance of maintaining ritual purity. This acknowledgment serves as a warning to the people about the consequences of spiritual neglect and the need for genuine repentance and holiness.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/h/haggai.htm">Haggai</a></b><br>A prophet who ministered to the Jewish people after their return from Babylonian exile. His messages encouraged the rebuilding of the temple in Jerusalem.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/p/priests.htm">Priests</a></b><br>Religious leaders responsible for performing sacrifices and maintaining the temple's holiness. They were consulted by Haggai regarding matters of ceremonial law.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/j/jerusalem.htm">Jerusalem</a></b><br>The city where the temple was located and the center of Jewish worship and religious life.<br><br>4. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_temple.htm">The Temple</a></b><br>The holy place in Jerusalem that was being rebuilt during Haggai's time. It symbolized God's presence among His people.<br><br>5. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_people_of_judah.htm">The People of Judah</a></b><br>The Jewish community that returned from exile and was tasked with rebuilding the temple and restoring their covenant relationship with God.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/u/understanding_holiness.htm">Understanding Holiness</a></b><br>Holiness is not transferable by mere contact. Just as touching a holy object does not make one holy, our association with religious activities or people does not make us holy. True holiness comes from a heart transformed by God.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_nature_of_defilement.htm">The Nature of Defilement</a></b><br>Defilement spreads easily, unlike holiness. This illustrates the pervasive nature of sin and the need for vigilance in maintaining spiritual purity.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_role_of_the_heart.htm">The Role of the Heart</a></b><br>God desires a heart that is pure and devoted to Him. External rituals are meaningless without an internal commitment to holiness.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/c/community_responsibility.htm">Community Responsibility</a></b><br>Just as the people of Judah were collectively responsible for the temple, we are called to support and encourage one another in our spiritual journeys.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_obedience.htm">The Importance of Obedience</a></b><br>Obedience to God's commands is crucial for maintaining holiness. Our actions should reflect our commitment to God's standards.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_haggai_2.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Haggai 2</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what_does_'jesus_died_once_for_all'_mean.htm">Who was Joshua the High Priest in biblical history?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/what's_haggai's_main_message.htm">What is the main message of the Book of Haggai?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_no_change_in_judah_after_haggai_2_19.htm">Haggai 2:19 promises a sudden blessing--why don't contemporary records show any remarkable change in Judah's fortunes?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/do_sources_verify_haggai_2_1's_date.htm">In Haggai 2:1, the precise date is given--do external historical or archaeological sources verify these events or this timeline?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/haggai/2.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(13) <span class= "bld">Unclean.</span>--The defilement incurred by contact with a dead body was one of the deepest. (See <a href="/context/numbers/19-11.htm" title="He that touches the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days.">Numbers 19:11-16</a>.) On the force of the term <span class= "ital">tme nephesh,</span> compare the passages <a href="/leviticus/21-11.htm" title="Neither shall he go in to any dead body, nor defile himself for his father, or for his mother;">Leviticus 21:11</a>; <a href="/leviticus/22-4.htm" title="What man soever of the seed of Aaron is a leper, or has a running issue; he shall not eat of the holy things, until he be clean. And whoever touches any thing that is unclean by the dead, or a man whose seed goes from him;">Leviticus 22:4</a>; <a href="/numbers/6-6.htm" title="All the days that he separates himself to the LORD he shall come at no dead body.">Numbers 6:6</a>.<p><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/haggai/2.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 13.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">Unclean by a dead body;</span> Septuagint, <span class="greek">ἀκάθαρτος ἐπὶ ψυχῇ</span>: Vulgate. <span class="accented">pollutus in anima.</span> These versions are closer to the Hebrew, "unclean by a soul," than the Authorized Version, but not so intelligible. "Soul" (<span class="accented">nephesh</span>) is used to mean a person, and, with the attribute "dead" understood, a corpse, as <a href="/leviticus/21-1.htm">Leviticus 21:1</a>. The full phrase is found in <a href="/numbers/6-6.htm">Numbers 6:6, 11</a>. Contact with a dead body produced the gravest ceremonial uncleanness, which lasted seven days, and could be purged only by a double lustration and other rites (<a href="/numbers/19-11.htm">Numbers 19:11</a>, etc.). This uncleanness was doubtless connected with the idea that death was the result of sin. Any of these. The things mentioned in the preceding verse. It shall be unclean. In accordance with <a href="/numbers/19-22.htm">Numbers 19:22</a> A polluted human being communicated his pollution to all that he touched. It was owing to the defilement that accompanied contact with the dead that the later Jews used to whiten the sepulchres every year, that they might be seen and avoided (<a href="/matthew/23-27.htm">Matthew 23:27</a>, and Lightfoot, 'Her. Hebr.' <span class="accented">in loc.</span>). <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/haggai/2-13.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">So Haggai</span><br /><span class="heb">חַגַּ֔י</span> <span class="translit">(ḥag·gay)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2292.htm">Strong's 2292: </a> </span><span class="str2">Haggai -- 'festal', a Hebrew prophet</span><br /><br /><span class="word">asked,</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיֹּ֣אמֶר</span> <span class="translit">(way·yō·mer)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> </span><span class="str2">To utter, say</span><br /><br /><span class="word">“If</span><br /><span class="heb">אִם־</span> <span class="translit">(’im-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunction<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_518.htm">Strong's 518: </a> </span><span class="str2">Lo!, whether?, if, although, Oh that!, when, not</span><br /><br /><span class="word">[one who is] defiled</span><br /><span class="heb">טְמֵא־</span> <span class="translit">(ṭə·mê-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Adjective - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2931.htm">Strong's 2931: </a> </span><span class="str2">Unclean</span><br /><br /><span class="word">by contact with a corpse</span><br /><span class="heb">נֶ֛פֶשׁ</span> <span class="translit">(ne·p̄eš)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5315.htm">Strong's 5315: </a> </span><span class="str2">A soul, living being, life, self, person, desire, passion, appetite, emotion </span><br /><br /><span class="word">touches</span><br /><span class="heb">יִגַּ֧ע</span> <span class="translit">(yig·ga‘)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5060.htm">Strong's 5060: </a> </span><span class="str2">To touch, lay the hand upon, to reach, violently, to strike</span><br /><br /><span class="word">any</span><br /><span class="heb">בְּכָל־</span> <span class="translit">(bə·ḵāl)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b | Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3605.htm">Strong's 3605: </a> </span><span class="str2">The whole, all, any, every</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of these,</span><br /><span class="heb">אֵ֖לֶּה</span> <span class="translit">(’êl·leh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Pronoun - common plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_428.htm">Strong's 428: </a> </span><span class="str2">These, those</span><br /><br /><span class="word">does it become defiled?”</span><br /><span class="heb">הֲיִטְמָ֑א</span> <span class="translit">(hă·yiṭ·mā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2930.htm">Strong's 2930: </a> </span><span class="str2">To be or become unclean</span><br /><br /><span class="word">“Yes, it becomes defiled,”</span><br /><span class="heb">יִטְמָֽא׃</span> <span class="translit">(yiṭ·mā)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2930.htm">Strong's 2930: </a> </span><span class="str2">To be or become unclean</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the priests</span><br /><span class="heb">הַכֹּהֲנִ֛ים</span> <span class="translit">(hak·kō·hă·nîm)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3548.htm">Strong's 3548: </a> </span><span class="str2">Priest</span><br /><br /><span class="word">answered.</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיַּעֲנ֧וּ</span> <span class="translit">(way·ya·‘ă·nū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6030.htm">Strong's 6030: </a> </span><span class="str2">To answer, respond</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/haggai/2-13.htm">Haggai 2:13 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/haggai/2-13.htm">OT Prophets: Haggai 2:13 Then Haggai said If one who (Hagg. Hag. Hg) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/haggai/2-12.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Haggai 2:12"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Haggai 2:12" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/haggai/2-14.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Haggai 2:14"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Haggai 2:14" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>