Norway | Arctic Council

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href='/about/'>Organization</a></span><span class='breadcrumb-item'><a href='/about/states/'>Arctic States</a></span></small></nav><h1>Norway</h1></div></div><div class='submenu bg-light' id='submenu'><h5><a href='/about/states/'>Arctic States</a></h5><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/states/canada/' class=''>Canada</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/states/denmark/' class=''>The Kingdom of Denmark</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/states/finland/' class=''>Finland</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/states/iceland/' class=''>Iceland</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/states/norway/' class='current'>Norway</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/states/russian-federation/' class=''>The Russian Federation</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/states/sweden/' class=''>Sweden</a></div><div class='py-1'><a href='/about/states/the-united-states/' class=''>The United States</a></div></div> <section class='container'> <div class='container border-bottom pb-3 textblock'> <div class='lead'></div> <h3 style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Quick Facts</h3> <p><strong>Arctic Territory</strong><br /> Nordland, Troms and Finnmark, Svalbard and Jan Mayen</p> <p><strong>Arctic Maritime Area</strong><br /> 1,500,000 square kilometers</p> <p><strong>Arctic Population</strong><br /> 490,000</p> <p><strong>Arctic Indigenous Peoples</strong><br /> Sámi</p> </div> </section> <section class='block block_text bg-transparent'> <div class='container'> <div class='row justify-content-center'><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent depth-1'> <div class='textblock'><h2 style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Norway and the Arctic Region</h2> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Nearly half of Norway’s land mass is Arctic territory, consisting of the two counties Nordland and the combined county of Troms and Finnmark on the mainland, the Svalbard archipelago and the island of Jan Mayen. Norway’s Arctic territory is home to around 490,000 people – one tenth of the Norwegian population. The country’s Arctic maritime area is approximately 1,500,000 square kilometers, corresponding to the combined land area of France, Germany and Spain.</p> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">The Arctic archipelago of Svalbard is located halfway between mainland Norway and the North Pole. About half the land is ice-covered. The largest island of the archipelago is called Spitsbergen, and until 1925 this name was used for the whole archipelago. The administrative center of Longyearbyen and the other inhabited areas of the archipelago are located on this island. Svalbard’s main industries today are coal mining, tourism and research.</p> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Norway houses the world’s northernmost university, the Arctic University of Norway, in Tromsø. It is also home to NORD university in Bodø and the FRAM High North Research Centre for Climate and the Environment, where 500 scientists from 20 different institutions are engaged in research in the fields of natural science, technology and social sciences.</p> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Fishing and marine resources, in addition to livestock husbandry, has for centuries been the cornerstone of the economy in Northern Norway. Today’s economy is much more diversified. Today’s key industries include:</p> <ul> <li>Fisheries and aquaculture: This remains the largest export-sector in Norwegian Arctic region. Nordland county is Norway’s third largest exporter of marine fisheries and aquaculture.</li> <li>Tourism: Norway’s broad Arctic region attracts a growing number of tourists, who come to experience dramatic scenery and largely untouched wilderness.</li> <li>Sustainable energy: Norway is Europe’s biggest producer of hydropower, and one of the country’s largest hydroelectric power station in terms of annual production is located in Meløy. Raggovidda wind farm located on the Barents Sea coast in Berlevåg municipality is one of the world’s most efficient producers of wind power.</li> <li>Power: In Hammerfest, Equinor operates a processing plant for liquefied natural gas from the Snøhvit field in the Barents Sea.</li> <li>Mining and transit: Narvik is an important port for the export of iron ore from Swedish mines. One of Svalbard’s main industries today also includes coal mining.</li> </ul> <h3 style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Indigenous Peoples</h3> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">The Sámi are an Indigenous people who live in Sápmi, an area that stretches across the northern parts of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia. Estimates of the Sámi population vary between 50,000 and 80,000, with the most concentrated settlements in North Norway. Since 1989, the Sámi in Norway have had their own elected assembly – the Sámediggi – which acts as a consultative body for the Norwegian government authorities.</p> <h2 style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Norway in the Arctic Council</h2> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Norway held the country’s first Arctic Council chairmanship from 2007-2009. Throughout the chairmanship, Norway’s priorities included:</p> <ul> <li>Integrated resource management in sectors including fisheries, mining, maritime transport, petroleum and economies</li> <li>Climate change monitoring and assessment</li> <li>Reviewing the structure of the Arctic Council to ensure effectiveness and efficiency</li> <li>Monitoring the long-range transportation of pollution</li> <li>Preventing pollution and reducing releases of hazardous substances</li> <li>Protection of the marine environment</li> <li>Conservation of biological diversity</li> <li>Social, human health and economic development with due regard for the interests of Arctic Indigenous Peoples</li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">In the third decade of Arctic cooperation, Norway is – in addition to dealing with pollution and climate change – turning its attention to adaptation. In May 2011, the member states signed the <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/531">first legally binding agreement</a> negotiated under the auspices of the Arctic Council. The agreement establishes a binding framework for search and rescue cooperation between the member States of the Arctic Council.</p> <h3 style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Key accomplishments</h3> <ul> <li>Norway, Russia and the United States as co-chairs, took a leading role in the work towards a legally binding agreement, signed in 2013, on cooperation on <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/529">Marine Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response in the Arctic.</a></li> <li>The Council has also undertaken comprehensive environmental and scientific studies on shipping in the Arctic and oil and gas activities and on ocean management. In 2017, the Arctic States signed a third legally binding agreement on <a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/1916">Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation</a>.</li> </ul> <p style="margin-left:0cm;margin-right:0cm;">Norway serves as the host country for the standing secretariat of the Council, located in Tromsø, which includes the <a href="https://www.arcticpeoples.com/">Indigenous Peoples’ Secretariat</a> since 2016. The secretariat of the <a href="/about/working-groups/amap/">Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Programme</a> is co-located with the Council.</p></div> </div></div><div class='col-md-3'> <div class='mb-3 p-4'> <img src='/site/assets/files/2926/solveig_rossebo_photo.360x360.jpg' alt='Solveig Rossebø' loading='lazy' class='img-fluid mb-3 rounded-circle'> <h5>Solveig Rossebø</h5> <em>Senior Arctic Official</em> <p class='small'><p><strong>Contact</strong><br /> <a href="mailto:Solveig.Rossebo@mfa.no">Email</a><br /> +47 239 50 002</p></p> </div></div></div></div></section><section class='block block_break bg-transparent'> <div class='container'><div class='w-100'></div></div></section><section class='block block_featured bg-dark'> <div class='container'><div class='p-0 breakout'> <div class='row align-items-end'> <div class='col-xl-4 offset-xl-2 p-5 text-xl-right'><h5>Featured</h5><a href='/about/norway-chair-2/' class='h3 accent'>Norway's Chairship, 2023-2025</a> </div> <div class='col-xl-6 bg-image featured' style='background-image:url(/site/assets/files/11053/shutterstock_1871682898.600x300.png)' title=''> <a href='/about/norway-chair-2/' class='w-100 h-100 d-block'></a> </div> </div> </div></div></section><section class='block block_text bg-transparent'> <div class='container'> <div class='row justify-content-center'><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent depth-1'> <div class='textblock'><h3>Chairmanships</h3> <p><strong>2006-2009 </strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/handle/11374/91">2009 Tromsø declaration</a></li> <li><a href="https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/handle/11374/1562">2009 Tromsø Ministerial documents</a></li> <li><a href="https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/handle/11374/305">SAO meeting documents</a></li> </ul> <p><strong>2023-2025</strong></p> <ul> <li><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/3147">Chairship program</a></li> <li><a href="https://arctic-council.org/about/norway-chair-2/">Chairship page</a></li> </ul></div> </div></div><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent depth-1'> <div class='textblock'><h3>Learn more</h3> <ul><li><a href="https://www.regjeringen.no/no/id4/">The Norwegian government</a></li> <li><a href="https://stortinget.no/en/In-English/">The Storting (Parliament)</a></li> <li><a href="http://norway.info/">Norway in your country</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.regjeringen.no/no/tema/nordomradene/id1154/">Norwegian High North policy</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.sysselmannen.no/en/">The Governor of Svalbard</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.sametinget.no/">The Sami parliament</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.xn--miljdirektoratet-oxb.no/english/">Norwegian Environment Agency</a></li> <li><a href="https://framcentre.com/">The Fram Centre</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.fni.no/">Fridtjof Nansen Institute</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.barentscooperation.org/en">The Barents Euro-Arctic Council</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.visitnorway.com/en/">Visit Norway</a></li> </ul></div> </div></div></div></div></section><section class='block block_projects bg-transparent'> <div class='container'><section><h3 class='text-center'>Featured projects</h3><section class='recommended mb-5'> <div class='row justify-content-center'><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/3262/img_4437.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/arctic-migratory-birds-initiative-ambi/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Arctic Migratory Birds Initiative (AMBI)</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/4254/istock-boat-in-ice-1024x512-1.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/arctic-shipping-best-practice-information-forum/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Arctic Shipping Best Practice Information Forum</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/3625/image_-_observations_in_the_north_2019-2021.480x480.png)'><a href='/projects/circumpolar-local-environmental-observer-network-cleo/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Circumpolar Local Environmental Observer Network (CLEO)</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/3709/invasive_lupine_istock-1187483305.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/invasive/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Protection from Invasive Species</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/3711/pame_litter.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/regional-action-plan-on-marine-litter/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Regional Action Plan on Marine Litter: Implementation</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/3700/bgjo_p7y.480x480.jpeg)'><a href='/projects/saon/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Sustaining Arctic Observing Networks (SAON)</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, rgba(51,51,51,1) 0%, rgba(82,82,82,.5) 80%, rgba(82,82,82,0) 100%), url(/site/assets/files/3713/pame_shipping.480x480.jpg)'><a href='/projects/arctic-ship-traffic-data-astd/'><div class='p-4'> <h5>Arctic Ship Traffic Data (ASTD)</h5> </div></a> </div><div class='col-md-3 bg-dark bg-image border' style='background-image: linear-gradient(180deg, 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<div class ='col-md-8 px-4'> <h4><a href='https://arctic-council.org/news/wildland-fires-initiative-highlights-arctic-indigenous-fire-management-at-cop29/'>Wildland Fires Initiative highlights Arctic Indigenous Fire Management at COP29</a></h4>Session by Norwegian Chairship of the Arctic Council and Arctic Indigenous Peoples’ Organizations to emphasize Indigenous fire management’s role in climate mitigation and...<div class='small text-muted mt-2'>11 Nov 2024</div> </div> </div><a href='/news/norway' class='btn btn-primary mb-5 seeall'>See all</a></div></section></main> <footer class="bg-dark"> <section class='block block_social bg-transparent'> <div class='container'><div class='bg-transparent'><h3>Follow the Arctic Council</h3><div class='social'><div class='text-center d-inline-block'> <div class=' mb-3'> <a href='http://twitter.com/arcticcouncil'> <i aria-hidden='true' class='bi bi-twitter h3' title='twitter'></i> <span class='mr-4'>twitter<span> </a> </div></div><div 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class='textblock'><h5><a href="https://oaarchive.arctic-council.org/">Key documents</a></h5> <p><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/1916">Agreement on Enhancing International Arctic Scientific Cooperation (2017)</a></p> <p><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/529">Agreement on Cooperation on Marine Oil Pollution Preparedness and Response in the Arctic (2013)</a></p> <p><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/531">Agreement on Cooperation on Aeronautical and Maritime Search and Rescue in the Arctic (2011)</a></p> <p><a href="http://hdl.handle.net/11374/85">Ottawa Declaration (1996)</a></p></div> </div></div><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent p-4 depth1'> <div class=''></div> <div class='listContainer list-about plain'><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/states/'>Arctic States</a> <p class='list-summary'>The eight Arctic states are permanent members of the Arctic Council.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/permanent-participants/'>Permanent Participants</a> <p class='list-summary'>Out of a total of 4 million inhabitants of the Arctic, approximately 500,000 belong to Indigenous Peoples. Indigenous Peoples’ organizations have been granted Permanent Participants status in the Arctic Council.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/working-groups/'>Working Groups</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Council's activities are conducted in six Working Groups.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/task-expert/'>Task forces and expert groups</a> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/observers/'>Observers</a> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/secretariat/'>Arctic Council Secretariat</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic Council Secretariat (ACS) supports the Chair of the Arctic Council.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/indigenous-peoples-secretariat/'>Indigenous Peoples' Secretariat</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Indigenous Peoples' Secretariat (IPS) provides support for the Permanent Participants, the groups representing Arctic Indigenous Peoples in the Arctic Council.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/norway-chair-2/'>Norway's Chairship, 2023-2025</a> <p class='list-summary'>Stability and constructive cooperation in the Arctic</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/previous-chairmanships/'>All Chairmanships</a> <p class='list-summary'>All Arctic Council Chairmanships, meetings and documents.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/timeline/'>History</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic Council turned 25 in 2021! Learn more with this timeline of our history.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/about/jobs/'>Jobs</a> </div> </div></div> </div></div><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent p-4 depth1'> <div class=''></div> <div class='listContainer list-work plain'><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/cooperation/'>Agreements and cooperation</a> <p class='list-summary'>The establishment of the Arctic Council was considered an important milestone enhancing cooperation in the circumpolar North. In the Ottawa Declaration, the eight Arctic States established the Council as a high-level forum to provide means for promoting cooperation, coordination and interaction among the Arctic States – including the full consultation and full involvement of Arctic Indigenous communities and other Arctic inhabitants.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/arctic-knowledge/'>Data and knowledge</a> <p class='list-summary'>At any given time the Council’s subsidiary bodies – the Working and Expert Groups – are engaged in close to 100 projects and initiatives.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/monitoring/'>Monitoring</a> <p class='list-summary'>As the Arctic continues to experience a period of intense and accelerating change it has become increasingly important to have better information on the status and trends of the Arctic environment.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/assessments/'>Assessments</a> <p class='list-summary'>Through the ever-growing body of assessments produced by its six Working Groups, the Arctic Council serves as knowledge broker and global advocate for Arctic topics. The Working Groups’ assessments have been instrumental in bringing Arctic issues to a global arena through policy recommendations and international cooperation.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/work/policy-recommendations/'>Recommendations</a> <p class='list-summary'>The strong knowledge base produced by the Arctic Council’s Working Groups and other subsidiary bodies feeds into recommendations for informed decision-making.</p> </div> </div></div> </div></div><div class='col-md'><div class='bg-transparent p-4 depth1'> <div class=''></div> <div class='listContainer list-topics plain'><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/arctic-peoples/'>Arctic Peoples</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic is home to almost four million people today – Indigenous people, more recent arrivals, hunters and herders living on the land, and city dwellers.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/biodiversity/'>Biodiversity</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic is home to more than 21,000 known species of highly cold-adapted mammals, birds, fish, invertebrates, plants and fungi and microbes.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/climate/'>Climate</a> <p class='list-summary'>The temperatures in the Arctic continue to rise at three times the global annual average.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/ocean/'>Ocean</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic States hold a responsibility to safeguard the future development of the region and to develop models for stewardship of the marine environment.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/pollutants/'>Pollutants</a> <p class='list-summary'>The Arctic environment carries the traces of human-induced pollution – from soot to plastics, from methane to pesticides.</p> </div> </div><div class='listItem'><div class='list-text'> <a href='/explore/topics/emergency/'>Emergencies</a> <p class='list-summary'>Harsh conditions and limited infrastructure in much of the Arctic increase risks and impacts and hinder response activities.</p> </div> </div></div> </div></div></div></div></section><section class='block block_code bg-transparent'> <div class='container'><div class="text-center"> <small> © <script type="text/javascript">document.write(new Date().getFullYear());</script> Arctic Council Secretariat | <a href="/privacy-policy/">Privacy policy and disclaimers</a> </small> </div></div></section> </footer>  <div class="bg-secondary p-3 cookie-banner" style="display: none"> We use cookies to save your language preference and better understand how visitors use the site. 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