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Golpe de Estado del 18 de brumario - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre

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aria-label="Contenidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Golpe de Estado del 18 de brumario</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artículo en otro idioma. Disponible en 46 idiomas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-46" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">46 idiomas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revolusie_van_Brumaire" title="Revolusie van Brumaire (afrikáans)" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Revolusie van Brumaire" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikáans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8_18_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1_(%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7)" title="انقلاب 18 برومير (فرنسا) (árabe)" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="انقلاب 18 برومير (فرنسا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A8_18_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B1_(%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7)" title="انقلاب 18 برومير (فرنسا) (Egyptian Arabic)" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="انقلاب 18 برومير (فرنسا)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BE%D1%82_18_%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Преврат от 18 брюмер (búlgaro)" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Преврат от 18 брюмер" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taol-stad_an_18_a_viz_ar_Vrumenn" title="Taol-stad an 18 a viz ar Vrumenn (bretón)" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Taol-stad an 18 a viz ar Vrumenn" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretón" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cop_d%27estat_del_18_de_brumari" title="Cop d&#039;estat del 18 de brumari (catalán)" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cop d&#039;estat del 18 de brumari" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brumairov%C3%BD_p%C5%99evrat" title="Brumairový převrat (checo)" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Brumairový převrat" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/18._brumaire-kuppet" title="18. brumaire-kuppet (danés)" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="18. brumaire-kuppet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staatsstreich_des_18._Brumaire_VIII" title="Staatsstreich des 18. Brumaire VIII (alemán)" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Staatsstreich des 18. Brumaire VIII" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BE%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%80%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_18%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9C%CF%80%CF%81%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%AF%CF%81" title="Πραξικόπημα της 18ης Μπρυμαίρ (griego)" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πραξικόπημα της 18ης Μπρυμαίρ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="griego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coup_of_18_Brumaire" title="Coup of 18 Brumaire (inglés)" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Coup of 18 Brumaire" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%C4%89o_de_la_18-a_de_Brumero" title="Puĉo de la 18-a de Brumero (esperanto)" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Puĉo de la 18-a de Brumero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/18._br%C3%BCm%C3%A4%C3%A4ri_riigip%C3%B6%C3%B6re" title="18. brümääri riigipööre (estonio)" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="18. brümääri riigipööre" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brumaireko_estatu-kolpea" title="Brumaireko estatu-kolpea (euskera)" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Brumaireko estatu-kolpea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="euskera" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%AF%D8%AA%D8%A7%DB%8C_%DB%B1%DB%B8_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B1" title="کودتای ۱۸ برومر (persa)" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کودتای ۱۸ برومر" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brumairekuun_18._p%C3%A4iv%C3%A4n_vallankaappaus" title="Brumairekuun 18. päivän vallankaappaus (finés)" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Brumairekuun 18. päivän vallankaappaus" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%89tat_du_18_Brumaire" title="Coup d&#039;État du 18 Brumaire (francés)" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Coup d&#039;État du 18 Brumaire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golpe_de_Estado_do_18_de_brumario" title="Golpe de Estado do 18 de brumario (gallego)" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Golpe de Estado do 18 de brumario" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="gallego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%AA_18_%D7%91%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A8" title="הפיכת 18 בברימר (hebreo)" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הפיכת 18 בברימר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brumaire_18%E2%80%9319-i_%C3%A1llamcs%C3%ADny" title="Brumaire 18–19-i államcsíny (húngaro)" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Brumaire 18–19-i államcsíny" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kudeta_18_Brumaire" title="Kudeta 18 Brumaire (indonesio)" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kudeta 18 Brumaire" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colpo_di_Stato_del_18_brumaio" title="Colpo di Stato del 18 brumaio (italiano)" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Colpo di Stato del 18 brumaio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%96%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A5%E3%83%A1%E3%83%BC%E3%83%AB18%E6%97%A5%E3%81%AE%E3%82%AF%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%82%BF%E3%83%BC" title="ブリュメール18日のクーデター (japonés)" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ブリュメール18日のクーデター" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kudh%C3%A9ta_18_Brumaire" title="Kudhéta 18 Brumaire (javanés)" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kudhéta 18 Brumaire" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="18 ბრიუმერის გადატრიალება (georgiano)" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="18 ბრიუმერის გადატრიალება" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B8%8C%EB%A4%BC%EB%A9%94%EB%A5%B4_18%EC%9D%BC_%EC%BF%A0%EB%8D%B0%ED%83%80" title="브뤼메르 18일 쿠데타 (coreano)" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="브뤼메르 18일 쿠데타" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coup_d%27%C3%89tat_vum_18._an_19._Brumaire" title="Coup d&#039;État vum 18. an 19. Brumaire (luxemburgués)" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Coup d&#039;État vum 18. an 19. Brumaire" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%83%D1%87_%D0%BE%D0%B4_18-%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Пуч од 18-ти бример (macedonio)" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Пуч од 18-ти бример" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_Brumaire" title="18 Brumaire (malayo)" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="18 Brumaire" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Staatsgreep_van_18_brumaire" title="Staatsgreep van 18 brumaire (neerlandés)" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Staatsgreep van 18 brumaire" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brumairekuppet" title="Brumairekuppet (noruego nynorsk)" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Brumairekuppet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruego nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/18_brumaire-kuppet" title="18 brumaire-kuppet (noruego bokmal)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="18 brumaire-kuppet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruego bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Golpe_de_18_de_Brum%C3%A1rio" title="Golpe de 18 de Brumário (portugués)" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Golpe de 18 de Brumário" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82_18_%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Переворот 18 брюмера (ruso)" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Переворот 18 брюмера" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82_18._%D0%B1%D1%80%D1%8E%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Переворот 18. брюмера (Rusyn)" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Переворот 18. брюмера" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pu%C4%8D_18._brumairea" title="Puč 18. brumairea (serbocroata)" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Puč 18. brumairea" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prevrat_18._brumaira" title="Prevrat 18. brumaira (eslovaco)" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prevrat 18. brumaira" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80_18._%D0%B1%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Државни удар 18. бримера (serbio)" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Државни удар 18. бримера" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brumairekuppen" title="Brumairekuppen (sueco)" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Brumairekuppen" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a 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(ucraniano)" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Переворот 18 брюмера" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A3o_ch%C3%ADnh_ng%C3%A0y_18_th%C3%A1ng_S%C6%B0%C6%A1ng_m%C3%B9" title="Đảo chính ngày 18 tháng Sương mù (vietnamita)" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Đảo chính ngày 18 tháng Sương mù" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9B%BE%E6%9C%88%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98" title="雾月政变 (chino wu)" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="雾月政变" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chino wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirigido desde «<a href="/w/index.php?title=18_de_Brumario&amp;redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="18 de Brumario">18 de Brumario</a>»)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="es" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r157776694">.mw-parser-output .infobox .imagen{max-width:100%;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .imagen img{max-width:100%;height:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .mw-kartographer-container .thumbinner,.mw-parser-output .infobox .mw-kartographer-map{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%!important}body.skin-timeless .mw-parser-output .infobox .imagen a.image>img{max-width:100%!important;height:auto!important}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:22.7em; line-height: 1.4em; text-align:left; padding:.23em;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="3" class="cabecera militar" style="text-align:center;background-color:transparent;color:inherit;background-color: lavender;;">Golpe de Estado del 18 de brumario en Francia</th></tr><tr><td colspan="3" class="imagen" style="text-align:center;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Archivo:Bouchot_-_Le_general_Bonaparte_au_Conseil_des_Cinq-Cents.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Bouchot_-_Le_general_Bonaparte_au_Conseil_des_Cinq-Cents.jpg/320px-Bouchot_-_Le_general_Bonaparte_au_Conseil_des_Cinq-Cents.jpg" decoding="async" width="320" height="341" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Bouchot_-_Le_general_Bonaparte_au_Conseil_des_Cinq-Cents.jpg/480px-Bouchot_-_Le_general_Bonaparte_au_Conseil_des_Cinq-Cents.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Bouchot_-_Le_general_Bonaparte_au_Conseil_des_Cinq-Cents.jpg/640px-Bouchot_-_Le_general_Bonaparte_au_Conseil_des_Cinq-Cents.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1833" data-file-height="1953" /></a></span><br /><div style="display:inline;"><small><a href="/wiki/Napole%C3%B3n_Bonaparte" title="Napoleón Bonaparte">Napoleón</a> abucheado por los diputados. De <i>El general Bonaparte y el Consejo de los Quinientos en Saint-Cloud el 10 de noviembre de 1799</i> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Bouchot&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François Bouchot (aún no redactado)">François Bouchot</a>, 1840).</small></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:lavender;;">Contexto del acontecimiento</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color: #EEEEEE;font-weight:bold;">Fecha</th><td colspan="2"> 9 de noviembre de 1799</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color: #EEEEEE;font-weight:bold;">Sitio</th><td colspan="2"> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Archivo:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Bandera de Francia"><img alt="Bandera de Francia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Primera_Rep%C3%BAblica_francesa" title="Primera República francesa">Francia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color: #EEEEEE;font-weight:bold;">Impulsores</th><td colspan="2"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Napole%C3%B3n_Bonaparte" title="Napoleón Bonaparte">Napoleón Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Bonaparte" title="Luciano Bonaparte">Luciano Bonaparte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel-Joseph_Siey%C3%A8s" title="Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès">Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_Ducos" title="Roger Ducos">Roger Ducos</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:lavender;;">Gobierno previo</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color: #EEEEEE;font-weight:bold;">Forma de gobierno</th><td colspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Directorio_(Francia)" title="Directorio (Francia)">Directorio</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="3" style="text-align:center;background:lavender;;">Gobierno resultante</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color: #EEEEEE;font-weight:bold;">Gobernante</th><td colspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Napole%C3%B3n_Bonaparte" title="Napoleón Bonaparte">Napoleón Bonaparte</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;background-color: #EEEEEE;font-weight:bold;">Forma de gobierno</th><td colspan="2"> <a href="/wiki/Consulado_(Francia)" title="Consulado (Francia)">Consulado</a></td></tr><tr><td class="noprint" colspan="3" style="text-align:left;"><div class="plainlinks wikidata-link" style="font-size: 0.85em">&#x5b;<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620965" class="extiw" title="d:Q620965">editar datos en Wikidata</a>&#x5d;</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>El <b>golpe de Estado del 18 de brumario</b> del siglo&#160;<span style="font-variant:small-caps;text-transform:lowercase">XVIII</span> en Francia hace referencia al <a href="/wiki/Golpe_de_Estado" title="Golpe de Estado">golpe de Estado</a> dado en esa fecha del <a href="/wiki/Calendario_republicano_franc%C3%A9s" title="Calendario republicano francés">calendario republicano francés</a>, correspondiente al 9 de noviembre de 1799 del <a href="/wiki/Calendario_gregoriano" title="Calendario gregoriano">calendario gregoriano</a>, que acabó con el <a href="/wiki/Directorio_(Francia)" title="Directorio (Francia)">Directorio</a>, última forma de gobierno de la <a href="/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_francesa" title="Revolución francesa">Revolución francesa</a>, e inició el <a href="/wiki/Consulado_(Francia)" title="Consulado (Francia)">Consulado</a> con <a href="/wiki/Napole%C3%B3n_Bonaparte" title="Napoleón Bonaparte">Napoleón Bonaparte</a> como líder. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Archivo:%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD_I_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_(%D0%92%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0_%E2%84%96_2)._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3,_1911-1915).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD_I_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%28%D0%92%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0_%E2%84%96_2%29._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%28%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%2C_1911-1915%29.jpg/220px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD_I_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%28%D0%92%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0_%E2%84%96_2%29._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%28%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%2C_1911-1915%29.jpg/330px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%82%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%BA_%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%8C%D0%B5_%C2%AB%D0%9D%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BE%D0%BD_I_%D0%92%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9%C2%BB_%28%D0%92%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BA%D0%B0_%E2%84%96_2%29._%D0%92%D0%BE%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%A1%D1%8B%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0_%28%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3%2C_1911-1915%29.jpg/440px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Napoleón Bonaparte</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historia">Historia</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golpe_de_Estado_del_18_de_brumario&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar sección: Historia"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>El día 18 de brumario del año VIII (<a href="/wiki/Calendario_republicano_franc%C3%A9s" title="Calendario republicano francés">calendario republicano francés</a>, equivalente a 9 de noviembre de 1799), <a href="/wiki/Napole%C3%B3n_Bonaparte" title="Napoleón Bonaparte">Napoleón Bonaparte</a>, retornado desde la <a href="/wiki/Campa%C3%B1a_napole%C3%B3nica_en_Egipto_y_Siria" title="Campaña napoleónica en Egipto y Siria">campaña de Egipto</a> y aprovechando la debilidad política del <a href="/wiki/Directorio_(Francia)" title="Directorio (Francia)">Directorio Ejecutivo</a> gobernante en Francia, dio un sorprendente golpe de Estado contando con el apoyo popular y del <a href="/wiki/Ej%C3%A9rcito" title="Ejército">ejército</a> (sabedores de sus hazañas y capacidades en las diferentes campañas de las <a href="/wiki/Guerras_Revolucionarias_Francesas" class="mw-redirect" title="Guerras Revolucionarias Francesas">Guerras Revolucionarias Francesas</a>), junto a algunos ideólogos de la <a href="/wiki/Revoluci%C3%B3n_francesa" title="Revolución francesa">Revolución</a> como <a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Joseph_Siey%C3%A8s" class="mw-redirect" title="Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès">Sieyès</a>. </p><p>Ese día fue convocado con carácter de urgencia el <a href="/wiki/Consejo_de_Ancianos" title="Consejo de Ancianos">Consejo de Ancianos</a> para tratar una presunta conspiración de los <a href="/wiki/Jacobino" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacobino">jacobinos</a> contra el gobierno. El Consejo tomó el acuerdo de trasladarse a <a href="/wiki/Palacio_de_Saint-Cloud" title="Palacio de Saint-Cloud">Saint-Cloud</a> por motivos de seguridad, pero al día siguiente Napoleón secuestró a la Asamblea con el apoyo del ejército. Aprovechando las intrigas y la división de competencias entre los aparatos legislativos y ejecutivos del <a href="/wiki/Estado" title="Estado">Estado</a>, y recurriendo por supuesto a la coacción personal, consiguió que los diputados franceses nombraran Cónsules provisionales a Sieyès, <a href="/wiki/Roger_Ducos" title="Roger Ducos">Roger Ducos</a> y a él mismo, creando lo que se conoció como <i>el triunvirato</i>. </p><p>De forma inmediata se preparó la reforma constitucional. Se tomaron medidas para asegurar el orden social en el país, acompañando las medidas económicas con el destierro de los <a href="/wiki/Jacobinos" title="Jacobinos">jacobinos</a>, al tiempo que Bonaparte aumentaba su popularidad gracias a estas medidas y a sus continuas apariciones públicas, ejerciendo el papel de <i>salvador de la patria</i>. A pesar de que la República contaba en teoría con tres cónsules, solo Napoleón llegó a ejercerlo merced a un truco legal consistente en iniciar el gobierno de los cónsules por orden alfabético (Bonaparte-Ducos-Sieyès).<sup>[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verificabilidad" title="Wikipedia:Verificabilidad">cita&#160;requerida</a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Este golpe de Estado, que en principio pretendía acabar con la <a href="/wiki/Corrupci%C3%B3n_pol%C3%ADtica" title="Corrupción política">corrupción</a> del anterior gobierno y favorecer los intereses de la nueva <a href="/wiki/Burgues%C3%ADa" title="Burguesía">burguesía</a> republicana, le condujo a recibir el título de <a href="/wiki/Primer_Imperio_Franc%C3%A9s" class="mw-redirect" title="Primer Imperio Francés">Emperador de los franceses</a> el 2 de diciembre de 1804. </p><p>Durante mucho tiempo, se ha relacionado esta fecha (18 de brumario) con el concepto de <i>golpe de Estado</i>, tanto que en 1851, <a href="/wiki/Karl_Marx" title="Karl Marx">Karl Marx</a> publicó su obra titulada <i><a href="/wiki/El_18_de_brumario_de_Luis_Bonaparte" title="El 18 de brumario de Luis Bonaparte">El 18 de brumario de Luis Bonaparte</a></i>, relacionando el momento histórico con el concepto de <i><a href="/wiki/Cesarismo" title="Cesarismo">cesarismo</a></i> (véase también <a href="/wiki/Julio_C%C3%A9sar" title="Julio César">Julio César</a>), aunque considerando Marx que dicho concepto no es aplicable a la realidad de su tiempo, debido al diferente carácter de las clases en pugna en comparación con las existentes durante el momento de Julio César.<sup id="cite_ref-Marx_1-0" class="reference separada"><a href="#cite_note-Marx-1"><span class="corchete-llamada">[</span>1<span class="corchete-llamada">]</span></a></sup>&#8203; </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notas_y_referencias">Notas y referencias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golpe_de_Estado_del_18_de_brumario&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar sección: Notas y referencias"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="listaref" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Marx-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Marx_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Karl Marx: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trabajadoresyrevolucion.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/marx-el-18-brumario-de-luis-bonaparte-1852.pdf"><i>El 18 brumario de Luis Bonaparte</i></a>. Prólogo del autor a la segunda edición de 1869, pp. 5-7. Prólogo de F. Engels a la tercera edición alemana de 1885, pp. 8-9. Fundación Federico Engels, Madrid, 2003, 117 pp., <a href="/wiki/Especial:FuentesDeLibros/8493211877" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 84-932118-7-7</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enlaces_externos">Enlaces externos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Golpe_de_Estado_del_18_de_brumario&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar sección: Enlaces externos"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" 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href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&amp;search=%22Q620965%22">Q620965</a></span></span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b>Identificadores</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4472131-6">4472131-6</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh97007356">sh97007356</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Israel" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Israel">NLI</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007546964705171">987007546964705171</a></span></li> <li><b>Diccionarios y enciclopedias</b></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclopedia_Brit%C3%A1nica" title="Enciclopedia Británica">Britannica</a>:</span> <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/event/Coup-of-18-19-Brumaire">url</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div><div class="mw-mf-linked-projects hlist"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span> Datos:</span> <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q620965" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q620965">Q620965</a></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Commonscat"><img alt="Commonscat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/15px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/23px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Multimedia:</span> <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:18_Brumaire">18 Brumaire</a></span> / <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MediaSearch?type=image&amp;search=%22Q620965%22">Q620965</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐api‐int.codfw.main‐849f99967d‐br458 Cached time: 20241123142331 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.244 seconds Real time usage: 0.541 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 1378/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 14164/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1108/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 13/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 3859/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.156/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 3325263/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 6/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 489.396 1 -total 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