CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <link rel="profile" href="https://gmpg.org/xfn/11">  <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PQHHCWJZ');</script>   <script src="https://api.fouanalytics.com/api/init-482063914yjjkwsgoxki.js" data-cfasync="false" async></script><noscript><img src="https://api.fouanalytics.com/api/noscript-482063914yjjkwsgoxki.gif"></noscript> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <title>Recap of the 2024 BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit - Bio.News</title> <meta name="description" content="The 2024 BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit brought together researchers, industry, policymakers, and advocates at Howard University." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit explores advancing equity in clinical research" /> <meta property="og:description" content="The 2024 BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit brought together researchers, industry, policymakers, and advocates at Howard University." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Bio.News" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/IAmBiotech" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2024-11-21T22:17:22+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-scaled.jpg" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="2560" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1707" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/jpeg" /> <meta name="author" content="Samantha Sault" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@iambiotech" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@iambiotech" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Camila Zavala" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="6 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/"},"author":{"name":"Samantha Sault","@id":"https://bio.news/#/schema/person/d6ef7f94e5f8ceb3d7109c0eb1b81978"},"headline":"BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit explores advancing equity in clinical research","datePublished":"2024-11-21T22:17:22+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-21T22:17:22+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/"},"wordCount":1029,"publisher":{"@id":"https://bio.news/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-scaled.jpg","articleSection":["BIO Events","Diversity, Equity, Inclusion","Health","Latest News"],"inLanguage":"en-US","copyrightYear":"2024","copyrightHolder":{"@id":"https://bio.news/#organization"}},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/","url":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/","name":"Recap of the 2024 BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit - Bio.News","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://bio.news/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-scaled.jpg","datePublished":"2024-11-21T22:17:22+00:00","dateModified":"2024-11-21T22:17:22+00:00","description":"The 2024 BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit brought together researchers, industry, policymakers, and advocates at Howard University.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/#primaryimage","url":"https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-scaled.jpg","contentUrl":"https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-scaled.jpg","width":2560,"height":1707},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://bio.news/health/2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://bio.news/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit explores advancing equity in clinical research"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://bio.news/#website","url":"https://bio.news/","name":"Bio.News","description":"Read the latest biotechnology news","publisher":{"@id":"https://bio.news/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://bio.news/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https://bio.news/#organization","name":"Bio.News - Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO)","url":"https://bio.news/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://bio.news/#/schema/logo/image/","url":"https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB.png","contentUrl":"https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB.png","width":1900,"height":522,"caption":"Bio.News - Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO)"},"image":{"@id":"https://bio.news/#/schema/logo/image/"},"sameAs":["https://www.facebook.com/IAmBiotech","https://x.com/iambiotech","https://www.linkedin.com/company/biotechnology-innovation-organization","https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuiIBYKDE4nKvhgJh-cPV4w"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://bio.news/#/schema/person/d6ef7f94e5f8ceb3d7109c0eb1b81978","name":"Samantha Sault","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://bio.news/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bc4263409a9090625de2cfb579bd7282?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/bc4263409a9090625de2cfb579bd7282?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Samantha Sault"},"description":"Samantha Sault is Editorial Director of Bio.News and Editor of Good Day BIO. Based between Washington DC and Geneva, she's written for the World Economic Forum, The Weekly Standard, and The Washington Times, and is the author of Moon Washington DC, a travel guidebook published by Hachette Book Group. She's been recognized as one of the most influential Washingtonians under 40 by Washington Life Magazine.","url":""}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.fontawesome.com' /> <link href='https://fonts.gstatic.com' crossorigin='anonymous' rel='preconnect' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Bio.News » Feed" href="https://bio.news/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Bio.News » Comments Feed" href="https://bio.news/comments/feed/" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-theme-css-css' href='https://bio.news/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/css/minified/main.min.css?ver=4.7.1' media='all' /> <style id='astra-theme-css-inline-css'> :root{--ast-post-nav-space:0;--ast-container-default-xlg-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-lg-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-slg-padding:2em;--ast-container-default-md-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-sm-padding:3em;--ast-container-default-xs-padding:2.4em;--ast-container-default-xxs-padding:1.8em;--ast-code-block-background:#ECEFF3;--ast-comment-inputs-background:#F9FAFB;--ast-normal-container-width:1300px;--ast-narrow-container-width:750px;--ast-blog-title-font-weight:normal;--ast-blog-meta-weight:inherit;}html{font-size:100%;}a{color:#3f3a94;}a:hover,a:focus{color:#01aaa8;}body,button,input,select,textarea,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button{font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;font-weight:400;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:var(--ast-body-line-height,1.85em);}blockquote{color:#252525;}h1,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6,.site-title,.site-title a{font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;font-weight:500;}.site-title{font-size:26px;font-size:1.625rem;display:block;}header .custom-logo-link img{max-width:200px;}.astra-logo-svg{width:200px;}.site-header .site-description{font-size:15px;font-size:0.9375rem;display:none;}.entry-title{font-size:30px;font-size:1.875rem;}.archive .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner,.blog .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner,.archive .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner:hover,.blog .ast-article-post .ast-article-inner:hover{overflow:hidden;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:40px;font-size:2.5rem;font-weight:500;font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;line-height:1.4em;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:32px;font-size:2rem;font-weight:500;font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;line-height:1.3em;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:26px;font-size:1.625rem;font-weight:500;font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;line-height:1.3em;}h4,.entry-content h4{font-size:24px;font-size:1.5rem;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:500;font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;}h5,.entry-content h5{font-size:20px;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.2em;font-weight:500;font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;}h6,.entry-content h6{font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1.25em;font-weight:500;font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;}::selection{background-color:#3f3a94;color:#ffffff;}body,h1,.entry-title a,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6{color:#707070;}.tagcloud a:hover,.tagcloud a:focus,.tagcloud a.current-item{color:#ffffff;border-color:#3f3a94;background-color:#3f3a94;}input:focus,input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,textarea:focus{border-color:#3f3a94;}input[type="radio"]:checked,input[type=reset],input[type="checkbox"]:checked,input[type="checkbox"]:hover:checked,input[type="checkbox"]:focus:checked,input[type=range]::-webkit-slider-thumb{border-color:#3f3a94;background-color:#3f3a94;box-shadow:none;}.site-footer a:hover + .post-count,.site-footer a:focus + .post-count{background:#3f3a94;border-color:#3f3a94;}.single .nav-links .nav-previous,.single .nav-links .nav-next{color:#3f3a94;}.entry-meta,.entry-meta *{line-height:1.45;color:#3f3a94;}.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):hover,.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):hover *,.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):focus,.entry-meta a:not(.ast-button):focus *,.page-links > .page-link,.page-links .page-link:hover,.post-navigation a:hover{color:#01aaa8;}#cat option,.secondary .calendar_wrap thead a,.secondary .calendar_wrap thead a:visited{color:#3f3a94;}.secondary .calendar_wrap #today,.ast-progress-val span{background:#3f3a94;}.secondary a:hover + .post-count,.secondary a:focus + .post-count{background:#3f3a94;border-color:#3f3a94;}.calendar_wrap #today > a{color:#ffffff;}.page-links .page-link,.single .post-navigation a{color:#3f3a94;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-form button.search-submit{padding:0 4px;}.ast-search-menu-icon form.search-form{padding-right:0;}.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search input.search-field{width:0;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field:focus{transition:all 0.2s;}.search-form input.search-field:focus{outline:none;}.ast-archive-title{color:#3f3a94;}.widget-title,.widget .wp-block-heading{font-size:22px;font-size:1.375rem;color:#3f3a94;}.single .ast-author-details .author-title{color:#01aaa8;}#secondary,#secondary button,#secondary input,#secondary select,#secondary textarea{font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;}.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search a:focus-visible:focus-visible,.astra-search-icon:focus-visible,#close:focus-visible,a:focus-visible,.ast-menu-toggle:focus-visible,.site .skip-link:focus-visible,.wp-block-loginout input:focus-visible,.wp-block-search.wp-block-search__button-inside .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper,.ast-header-navigation-arrow:focus-visible,.woocommerce .wc-proceed-to-checkout > .checkout-button:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-MyAccount-navigation ul li a:focus-visible,.ast-orders-table__row .ast-orders-table__cell:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-order-details .order-again > .button:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-message a.button.wc-forward:focus-visible,.woocommerce #minus_qty:focus-visible,.woocommerce #plus_qty:focus-visible,a#ast-apply-coupon:focus-visible,.woocommerce .woocommerce-info a:focus-visible,.woocommerce .astra-shop-summary-wrap a:focus-visible,.woocommerce a.wc-forward:focus-visible,#ast-apply-coupon:focus-visible,.woocommerce-js .woocommerce-mini-cart-item a.remove:focus-visible,#close:focus-visible,.button.search-submit:focus-visible,#search_submit:focus,.normal-search:focus-visible,.ast-header-account-wrap:focus-visible{outline-style:dotted;outline-color:inherit;outline-width:thin;}input:focus,input[type="text"]:focus,input[type="email"]:focus,input[type="url"]:focus,input[type="password"]:focus,input[type="reset"]:focus,input[type="search"]:focus,input[type="number"]:focus,textarea:focus,.wp-block-search__input:focus,[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal:focus,.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .menu-toggle-close:focus,.woocommerce-ordering select.orderby:focus,#ast-scroll-top:focus,#coupon_code:focus,.woocommerce-page #comment:focus,.woocommerce #reviews #respond input#submit:focus,.woocommerce a.add_to_cart_button:focus,.woocommerce .button.single_add_to_cart_button:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-cart-form button:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-cart-form__cart-item .quantity .qty:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-billing-fields .woocommerce-billing-fields__field-wrapper .woocommerce-input-wrapper > .input-text:focus,.woocommerce #order_comments:focus,.woocommerce #place_order:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-address-fields .woocommerce-address-fields__field-wrapper .woocommerce-input-wrapper > .input-text:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-MyAccount-content form button:focus,.woocommerce .woocommerce-MyAccount-content .woocommerce-EditAccountForm .woocommerce-form-row .woocommerce-Input.input-text:focus,.woocommerce .ast-woocommerce-container .woocommerce-pagination ul.page-numbers li a:focus,body #content .woocommerce form .form-row .select2-container--default .select2-selection--single:focus,#ast-coupon-code:focus,.woocommerce.woocommerce-js .quantity input[type=number]:focus,.woocommerce-js .woocommerce-mini-cart-item .quantity input[type=number]:focus,.woocommerce p#ast-coupon-trigger:focus{border-style:dotted;border-color:inherit;border-width:thin;}input{outline:none;}.ast-logo-title-inline .site-logo-img{padding-right:1em;}.site-logo-img img{ transition:all 0.2s linear;}body .ast-oembed-container *{position:absolute;top:0;width:100%;height:100%;left:0;}body .wp-block-embed-pocket-casts .ast-oembed-container *{position:unset;}.ast-single-post-featured-section + article {margin-top: 2em;}.site-content .ast-single-post-featured-section img {width: 100%;overflow: hidden;object-fit: cover;}.site > .ast-single-related-posts-container {margin-top: 0;}@media (min-width: 922px) {.ast-desktop .ast-container--narrow {max-width: var(--ast-narrow-container-width);margin: 0 auto;}}#secondary {margin: 4em 0 2.5em;word-break: break-word;line-height: 2;}#secondary li {margin-bottom: 0.75em;}#secondary li:last-child {margin-bottom: 0;}@media (max-width: 768px) {.js_active .ast-plain-container.ast-single-post #secondary {margin-top: 1.5em;}}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget {background-color: #fff;padding: 2em;margin-bottom: 2em;}@media (min-width: 993px) {.ast-left-sidebar #secondary {padding-right: 60px;}.ast-right-sidebar #secondary {padding-left: 60px;}}@media (max-width: 993px) {.ast-right-sidebar #secondary {padding-left: 30px;}.ast-left-sidebar #secondary {padding-right: 30px;}}@media (min-width: 993px) {.ast-page-builder-template.ast-left-sidebar #secondary {padding-left: 60px;}.ast-page-builder-template.ast-right-sidebar #secondary {padding-right: 60px;}}@media (max-width: 993px) {.ast-page-builder-template.ast-right-sidebar #secondary {padding-right: 30px;}.ast-page-builder-template.ast-left-sidebar #secondary {padding-left: 30px;}}@media (max-width:921.9px){#ast-desktop-header{display:none;}}@media (min-width:922px){#ast-mobile-header{display:none;}}@media( max-width: 420px ) {.single .nav-links .nav-previous,.single .nav-links .nav-next {width: 100%;text-align: center;}}.wp-block-buttons.aligncenter{justify-content:center;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-theme-transparent-header #primary,.ast-theme-transparent-header #secondary{padding:0;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar #primary{padding:0;}}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar #primary{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;}@media (min-width:1200px){.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar #primary{margin-top:60px;margin-bottom:60px;}}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link{border-color:#3f3a94;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;}div.wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color),div.wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color){color:#3f3a94;}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:focus,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color):hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color):hover{color:#ffffff;background-color:#01aaa8;border-color:#01aaa8;}.post-page-numbers.current .page-link,.ast-pagination .page-numbers.current{color:#ffffff;border-color:#3f3a94;background-color:#3f3a94;}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link{border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link.wp-element-button,.ast-outline-button{border-color:#3f3a94;font-family:inherit;font-weight:500;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1em;border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color),.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color),.ast-outline-button{color:#3f3a94;}.wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline .wp-block-button__link:focus,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.is-style-outline > .wp-block-button__link:not(.has-text-color):hover,.wp-block-buttons .wp-block-button.wp-block-button__link.is-style-outline:not(.has-text-color):hover,.ast-outline-button:hover,.ast-outline-button:focus,.wp-block-uagb-buttons-child .uagb-buttons-repeater.ast-outline-button:hover,.wp-block-uagb-buttons-child .uagb-buttons-repeater.ast-outline-button:focus{color:#ffffff;background-color:#01aaa8;border-color:#01aaa8;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link.wp-element-button.is-style-outline:not(.has-background),.wp-block-button.is-style-outline>.wp-block-button__link.wp-element-button:not(.has-background),.ast-outline-button{background-color:#3f3a94;}.entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > figure{margin-bottom:1em;}h1.widget-title{font-weight:500;}h2.widget-title{font-weight:500;}h3.widget-title{font-weight:500;}#page{display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:100vh;}.ast-404-layout-1 h1.page-title{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}.single .post-navigation a{line-height:1em;height:inherit;}.error-404 .page-sub-title{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:inherit;}.search .site-content .content-area .search-form{margin-bottom:0;}#page .site-content{flex-grow:1;}.widget{margin-bottom:1.25em;}#secondary li{line-height:1.5em;}#secondary .wp-block-group h2{margin-bottom:0.7em;}#secondary h2{font-size:1.7rem;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond{padding:3em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single .ast-article-single{padding:0;}.ast-article-single .wp-block-post-template-is-layout-grid{padding-left:0;}.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .comments-title{padding:1.5em 2em;}.ast-page-builder-template .comment-form-textarea,.ast-comment-formwrap .ast-grid-common-col{padding:0;}.ast-comment-formwrap{padding:0;display:inline-flex;column-gap:20px;width:100%;margin-left:0;margin-right:0;}.comments-area textarea#comment:focus,.comments-area textarea#comment:active,.comments-area .ast-comment-formwrap input[type="text"]:focus,.comments-area .ast-comment-formwrap input[type="text"]:active {box-shadow:none;outline:none;}.archive.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header{margin-top:2em;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-comment-formwrap{width:100%;}.entry-title{margin-bottom:0.5em;}.ast-archive-description p{font-size:inherit;font-weight:inherit;line-height:inherit;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.hentry{margin-bottom:2em;}@media (min-width:921px){.ast-left-sidebar.ast-page-builder-template #secondary,.archive.ast-right-sidebar.ast-page-builder-template .site-main{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-comment-formwrap.ast-row{column-gap:10px;display:inline-block;}#ast-commentform .ast-grid-common-col{position:relative;width:100%;}}@media (min-width:1201px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-author-box,.ast-separate-container .ast-404-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .no-results{padding:3em;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-separate-container #secondary{padding:1.5em 0;}#primary,#secondary{padding:1.5em 0;margin:0;}.ast-left-sidebar #content > .ast-container{display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;width:100%;}}@media (max-width:921px){#secondary.secondary{padding-top:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #secondary{padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary{padding-left:0;padding-right:0;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header #secondary,.ast-page-builder-template #secondary{margin-top:1.5em;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-right-sidebar #primary{padding-right:0;}.ast-page-builder-template.ast-left-sidebar #secondary,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-right-sidebar #secondary{padding-right:20px;padding-left:20px;}.ast-right-sidebar #secondary,.ast-left-sidebar #primary{padding-left:0;}.ast-left-sidebar #secondary{padding-right:0;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary{border:0;}.search-no-results.ast-separate-container #primary{margin-bottom:4em;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-right-sidebar #primary{border-right:1px solid var(--ast-border-color);}.ast-left-sidebar #primary{border-left:1px solid var(--ast-border-color);}.ast-right-sidebar #secondary{border-left:1px solid var(--ast-border-color);margin-left:-1px;}.ast-left-sidebar #secondary{border-right:1px solid var(--ast-border-color);margin-right:-1px;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container.ast-right-sidebar #secondary{padding-left:30px;padding-right:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container.ast-left-sidebar #secondary{padding-right:30px;padding-left:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #secondary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #secondary{border:0;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget:last-child{margin-bottom:0;}}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link{color:#ffffff;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:hover,.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link:focus{color:#ffffff;background-color:#01aaa8;border-color:#01aaa8;}.elementor-widget-heading h1.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.4em;}.elementor-widget-heading h2.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.3em;}.elementor-widget-heading h3.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.3em;}.elementor-widget-heading h4.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h5.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h6.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.25em;}.wp-block-button .wp-block-button__link,.wp-block-search .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button{border-style:solid;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-color:#3f3a94;background-color:#3f3a94;color:#ffffff;font-family:inherit;font-weight:500;line-height:1em;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;padding-top:10px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:20px;}.menu-toggle,button,.ast-button,.ast-custom-button,.button,input#submit,input[type="button"],input[type="submit"],input[type="reset"],form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button,.search .search-submit,.woocommerce-js a.button,.woocommerce button.button,.woocommerce .woocommerce-message a.button,.woocommerce #respond input#submit.alt,.woocommerce input.button.alt,.woocommerce input.button,.woocommerce input.button:disabled,.woocommerce input.button:disabled[disabled],.woocommerce input.button:disabled:hover,.woocommerce input.button:disabled[disabled]:hover,.woocommerce #respond input#submit,.woocommerce button.button.alt.disabled,.wc-block-grid__products .wc-block-grid__product .wp-block-button__link,.wc-block-grid__product-onsale,[CLASS*="wc-block"] button,.woocommerce-js .astra-cart-drawer .astra-cart-drawer-content .woocommerce-mini-cart__buttons .button:not(.checkout):not(.ast-continue-shopping),.woocommerce-js .astra-cart-drawer .astra-cart-drawer-content .woocommerce-mini-cart__buttons a.checkout,.woocommerce button.button.alt.disabled.wc-variation-selection-needed,[CLASS*="wc-block"] .wc-block-components-button{border-style:solid;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;color:#ffffff;border-color:#3f3a94;background-color:#3f3a94;padding-top:10px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:10px;padding-left:20px;font-family:inherit;font-weight:500;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;line-height:1em;border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;}button:focus,.menu-toggle:hover,button:hover,.ast-button:hover,.ast-custom-button:hover .button:hover,.ast-custom-button:hover ,input[type=reset]:hover,input[type=reset]:focus,input#submit:hover,input#submit:focus,input[type="button"]:hover,input[type="button"]:focus,input[type="submit"]:hover,input[type="submit"]:focus,form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button:hover,form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button:focus,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button:hover,body .wp-block-file .wp-block-file__button:focus,.woocommerce-js a.button:hover,.woocommerce button.button:hover,.woocommerce .woocommerce-message a.button:hover,.woocommerce #respond input#submit:hover,.woocommerce #respond input#submit.alt:hover,.woocommerce input.button.alt:hover,.woocommerce input.button:hover,.woocommerce button.button.alt.disabled:hover,.wc-block-grid__products .wc-block-grid__product .wp-block-button__link:hover,[CLASS*="wc-block"] button:hover,.woocommerce-js .astra-cart-drawer .astra-cart-drawer-content .woocommerce-mini-cart__buttons .button:not(.checkout):not(.ast-continue-shopping):hover,.woocommerce-js .astra-cart-drawer .astra-cart-drawer-content .woocommerce-mini-cart__buttons a.checkout:hover,.woocommerce button.button.alt.disabled.wc-variation-selection-needed:hover,[CLASS*="wc-block"] .wc-block-components-button:hover,[CLASS*="wc-block"] .wc-block-components-button:focus{color:#ffffff;background-color:#01aaa8;border-color:#01aaa8;}form[CLASS*="wp-block-search__"].wp-block-search .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__button.has-icon{padding-top:calc(10px - 3px);padding-right:calc(20px - 3px);padding-bottom:calc(10px - 3px);padding-left:calc(20px - 3px);}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon{display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-header-custom-item-outside .ast-mobile-header-stack .main-header-bar .ast-search-icon{margin:0;}.ast-comment-avatar-wrap img{max-width:2.5em;}.ast-comment-meta{padding:0 1.8888em 1.3333em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1{padding:1.5em 2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .comment-respond{padding:2em 2.14em;}}@media (min-width:544px){.ast-container{max-width:100%;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{padding:1.5em 1em;}.ast-separate-container #content .ast-container{padding-left:0.54em;padding-right:0.54em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list .bypostauthor{padding:.5em;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field{width:170px;}.ast-separate-container #secondary{padding-top:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{margin-bottom:1.5em;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em;}}.ast-separate-container{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);;background-image:none;;}@media (max-width:921px){.site-title{display:block;}.site-header .site-description{display:none;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:30px;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:25px;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.site-title{display:block;}.site-header .site-description{display:none;}h1,.entry-content h1{font-size:30px;}h2,.entry-content h2{font-size:25px;}h3,.entry-content h3{font-size:20px;}}@media (max-width:921px){html{font-size:91.2%;}}@media (max-width:544px){html{font-size:91.2%;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-container{max-width:1340px;}}@media (min-width:922px){.site-content .ast-container{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:921px){.site-content .ast-container{flex-direction:column;}}@media (min-width:922px){.main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu:hover > .sub-menu,.main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-item.ast-left-align-sub-menu.focus > .sub-menu{margin-left:-0px;}}.site .comments-area{padding-bottom:3em;}.wp-block-file {display: flex;align-items: center;flex-wrap: wrap;justify-content: space-between;}.wp-block-pullquote {border: none;}.wp-block-pullquote blockquote::before {content: "\201D";font-family: "Helvetica",sans-serif;display: flex;transform: rotate( 180deg );font-size: 6rem;font-style: normal;line-height: 1;font-weight: bold;align-items: center;justify-content: center;}.has-text-align-right > blockquote::before {justify-content: flex-start;}.has-text-align-left > blockquote::before {justify-content: flex-end;}figure.wp-block-pullquote.is-style-solid-color blockquote {max-width: 100%;text-align: inherit;}html body {--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-container-width: 1300px;--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size: 1300px;--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size: calc(1300px + var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding) + var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding));}.ast-narrow-container {--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size: 750px;--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size: 750px;}@media(max-width: 921px) {html body {--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding: 2em;}}@media(max-width: 544px) {html body {--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding: 2em;--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding: 2em;}}.entry-content > .wp-block-group,.entry-content > .wp-block-cover,.entry-content > .wp-block-columns {padding-top: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-top-padding);padding-right: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding);padding-bottom: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-bottom-padding);padding-left: var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding);}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content > .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-no-sidebar .entry-content > .alignfull {margin-left: calc( -50vw + 50%);margin-right: calc( -50vw + 50%);max-width: 100vw;width: 100vw;}.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignwide,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignfull .alignwide,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignwide,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .alignwide .alignwide,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignfull,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignwide,.ast-page-builder-template.ast-no-sidebar .entry-content .wp-block-column .alignwide {margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;width: 100%;}[ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-dots) {height: 0;}[ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator {margin: 20px auto;}[ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator:not(.is-style-wide):not(.is-style-dots) {max-width: 100px;}[ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-separator.has-background {padding: 0;}.entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > * {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size);margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size);}.entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] .alignfull {max-width: none;}.entry-content .wp-block-columns {margin-bottom: 0;}blockquote {margin: 1.5em;border-color: rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.wp-block-quote:not(.has-text-align-right):not(.has-text-align-center) {border-left: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.has-text-align-right > blockquote,blockquote.has-text-align-right {border-right: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.has-text-align-left > blockquote,blockquote.has-text-align-left {border-left: 5px solid rgba(0,0,0,0.05);}.wp-block-site-tagline,.wp-block-latest-posts .read-more {margin-top: 15px;}.wp-block-loginout p label {display: block;}.wp-block-loginout p:not(.login-remember):not(.login-submit) input {width: 100%;}.wp-block-loginout input:focus {border-color: transparent;}.wp-block-loginout input:focus {outline: thin dotted;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 0 0 0 8%;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 0 8% 0 0;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-background .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 8%;}.entry-content .wp-block-cover:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.entry-content .wp-block-cover:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-image-text,.entry-content .wp-block-cover:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-text,.entry-content .wp-block-cover-image:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover__inner-container,.entry-content .wp-block-cover-image:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-image-text,.entry-content .wp-block-cover-image:not([class*="background-color"]) .wp-block-cover-text {color: var(--ast-global-color-5);}.wp-block-loginout .login-remember input {width: 1.1rem;height: 1.1rem;margin: 0 5px 4px 0;vertical-align: middle;}.wp-block-latest-posts > li > *:first-child,.wp-block-latest-posts:not(.is-grid) > li:first-child {margin-top: 0;}.wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input {padding: 0 10px;color: var(--ast-global-color-3);background: var(--ast-global-color-5);border-color: var(--ast-border-color);}.wp-block-latest-posts .read-more {margin-bottom: 1.5em;}.wp-block-search__no-button .wp-block-search__inside-wrapper .wp-block-search__input {padding-top: 5px;padding-bottom: 5px;}.wp-block-latest-posts .wp-block-latest-posts__post-date,.wp-block-latest-posts .wp-block-latest-posts__post-author {font-size: 1rem;}.wp-block-latest-posts > li > *,.wp-block-latest-posts:not(.is-grid) > li {margin-top: 12px;margin-bottom: 12px;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > *,.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > .alignfull > * {max-width: none;}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide > * {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size);}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > .inherit-container-width > *,.ast-page-builder-template .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > * > *,.entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > .wp-block-cover .wp-block-cover__inner-container {max-width: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size);margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] .wp-block-cover:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright) {width: auto;}@media(max-width: 1200px) {.ast-separate-container .entry-content > .alignfull,.ast-separate-container .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide,.ast-plain-container .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide,.ast-plain-container .entry-content .alignfull {margin-left: calc(-1 * min(var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding),20px)) ;margin-right: calc(-1 * min(var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding),20px));}}@media(min-width: 1201px) {.ast-separate-container .entry-content > .alignfull {margin-left: calc(-1 * var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding) );margin-right: calc(-1 * var(--ast-container-default-xlg-padding) );}.ast-separate-container .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide,.ast-plain-container .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] > .alignwide {margin-left: calc(-1 * var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-left-padding) );margin-right: calc(-1 * var(--wp--custom--ast-default-block-right-padding) );}}@media(min-width: 921px) {.ast-separate-container .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignwide:not(.inherit-container-width) > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright)),.ast-plain-container .entry-content .wp-block-group.alignwide:not(.inherit-container-width) > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright)) {max-width: calc( var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size) + 80px );}.ast-plain-container.ast-right-sidebar .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] .alignfull,.ast-plain-container.ast-left-sidebar .entry-content[ast-blocks-layout] .alignfull {margin-left: -60px;margin-right: -60px;}}@media(min-width: 544px) {.entry-content > .alignleft {margin-right: 20px;}.entry-content > .alignright {margin-left: 20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.wp-block-columns .wp-block-column:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:20px;}.wp-block-latest-posts{margin:0;}}@media( max-width: 600px ) {.entry-content .wp-block-media-text .wp-block-media-text__content,.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-media-on-the-right .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 8% 0 0;}.entry-content .wp-block-media-text.has-background .wp-block-media-text__content {padding: 8%;}}.ast-page-builder-template .entry-header {padding-left: 0;}.ast-narrow-container .site-content .wp-block-uagb-image--align-full .wp-block-uagb-image__figure {max-width: 100%;margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto;}.entry-content ul,.entry-content ol {padding: revert;margin: revert;}:root .has-ast-global-color-0-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-0-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-0);}:root .has-ast-global-color-1-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-1-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}:root .has-ast-global-color-2-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-2-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-2);}:root .has-ast-global-color-3-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-3-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}:root .has-ast-global-color-4-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-4-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-4);}:root .has-ast-global-color-5-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-5-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}:root .has-ast-global-color-6-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-6-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-6);}:root .has-ast-global-color-7-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-7-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-7);}:root .has-ast-global-color-8-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-8-color{color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root .wp-block-button .has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-8);}:root{--ast-global-color-0:#046bd2;--ast-global-color-1:#045cb4;--ast-global-color-2:#1e293b;--ast-global-color-3:#334155;--ast-global-color-4:#f9fafb;--ast-global-color-5:#FFFFFF;--ast-global-color-6:#e2e8f0;--ast-global-color-7:#cbd5e1;--ast-global-color-8:#94a3b8;}:root {--ast-border-color : var(--ast-global-color-6);}.ast-single-entry-banner {-js-display: flex;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;text-align: center;position: relative;background: #eeeeee;}.ast-single-entry-banner[data-banner-layout="layout-1"] {max-width: 1300px;background: inherit;padding: 20px 0;}.ast-single-entry-banner[data-banner-width-type="custom"] {margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;}.ast-single-entry-banner + .site-content .entry-header {margin-bottom: 0;}.site .ast-author-avatar {--ast-author-avatar-size: ;}a.ast-underline-text {text-decoration: underline;}.ast-container > .ast-terms-link {position: relative;display: block;}a.ast-button.ast-badge-tax {padding: 4px 8px;border-radius: 3px;font-size: inherit;}header.entry-header:not(.related-entry-header) .entry-title{font-weight:500;font-size:32px;font-size:2rem;}header.entry-header:not(.related-entry-header) > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-archive-entry-banner {-js-display: flex;display: flex;flex-direction: column;justify-content: center;text-align: center;position: relative;background: #eeeeee;}.ast-archive-entry-banner[data-banner-width-type="custom"] {margin: 0 auto;width: 100%;}.ast-archive-entry-banner[data-banner-layout="layout-1"] {background: inherit;padding: 20px 0;text-align: left;}body.archive .ast-archive-description{max-width:1300px;width:100%;text-align:left;padding-top:3em;padding-right:3em;padding-bottom:3em;padding-left:3em;}body.archive .ast-archive-description .ast-archive-title,body.archive .ast-archive-description .ast-archive-title *{font-weight:500;font-size:40px;font-size:2.5rem;}body.archive .ast-archive-description > *:not(:last-child){margin-bottom:10px;}@media (max-width:921px){body.archive .ast-archive-description{text-align:left;}}@media (max-width:544px){body.archive .ast-archive-description{text-align:left;}}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-browse,.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items,.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items li{display:inline-block;margin:0;padding:0;border:none;background:inherit;text-indent:0;text-decoration:none;}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-browse{font-size:inherit;font-style:inherit;font-weight:inherit;color:inherit;}.ast-breadcrumbs .trail-items{list-style:none;}.trail-items li::after{padding:0 0.3em;content:"\00bb";}.trail-items li:last-of-type::after{display:none;}h1,.entry-content h1,h2,.entry-content h2,h3,.entry-content h3,h4,.entry-content h4,h5,.entry-content h5,h6,.entry-content h6{color:#3f3a94;}.entry-title a{color:#3f3a94;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-3-firstrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:first-child,.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-3-lastrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:last-child{grid-column:1 / -1;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-3-firstrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:first-child,.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-3-lastrow .ast-builder-grid-row > *:last-child{grid-column:1 / -1;}}.ast-builder-layout-element .ast-site-identity{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="title_tagline"]{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="title_tagline"]{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="title_tagline"]{display:flex;}}.ast-builder-menu-1{font-family:inherit;font-weight:500;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item > .menu-link{line-height:24px;font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;color:#707070;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:8px;padding-right:8px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#707070;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#01aaa8;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#01aaa8;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-builder-menu-1 .current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link{color:#707070;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#707070;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .sub-menu{border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-color:#3f3a94;border-style:solid;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0px;}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu:before,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper:before{height:calc( 0px + 5px );}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 8px - 0.907em );}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu,.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu{margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link{border-style:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:-15px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0;}}.ast-builder-menu-1{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1{display:flex;}}.ast-builder-menu-2{font-family:inherit;font-weight:inherit;}.ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item > .menu-link{font-size:12px;font-size:0.75rem;color:var(--ast-global-color-5);padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:6px;padding-right:6px;}.ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-2 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-2 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-builder-menu-2 .current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-builder-menu-2 .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-2 .inline-on-mobile .sub-menu{border-top-width:2px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-color:#3f3a94;border-style:solid;}.ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0px;}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu:before,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper:before{height:calc( 0px + 5px );}.ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 6px - 0.907em );}.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link{border-style:none;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-2 .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:-15px;}.ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{margin-top:0;}}.ast-builder-menu-2{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-2{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-2{display:flex;}}.main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-search-icon {display: block;z-index: 4;position: relative;}.ast-search-icon .ast-icon {z-index: 4;}.ast-search-icon {z-index: 4;position: relative;line-height: normal;}.main-header-bar .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form {background-color: #ffffff;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active.slide-search .search-form {visibility: visible;opacity: 1;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-form {border: 1px solid #e7e7e7;line-height: normal;padding: 0 3em 0 0;border-radius: 2px;display: inline-block;-webkit-backface-visibility: hidden;backface-visibility: hidden;position: relative;color: inherit;background-color: #fff;}.ast-search-menu-icon .astra-search-icon {-js-display: flex;display: flex;line-height: normal;}.ast-search-menu-icon .astra-search-icon:focus {outline: none;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-field {border: none;background-color: transparent;transition: all .3s;border-radius: inherit;color: inherit;font-size: inherit;width: 0;color: #757575;}.ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit {display: none;background: none;border: none;font-size: 1.3em;color: #757575;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active {visibility: visible;opacity: 1;position: relative;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-dropdown-active .search-field,.ast-dropdown-active.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search input.search-field {width: 235px;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-form {-js-display: flex;display: flex;align-items: center;}.ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-field {width : 100%;padding : 0.60em;padding-right : 5.5em;transition: all 0.2s;}.site-header-section-left .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form {padding-left: 2em;padding-right: unset;left: -1em;right: unset;}.site-header-section-left .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form .search-field {margin-right: unset;}.ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form {-webkit-backface-visibility: visible;backface-visibility: visible;visibility: hidden;opacity: 0;transition: all .2s;position: absolute;z-index: 3;right: -1em;top: 50%;transform: translateY(-50%);}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form .search-field:-ms-input-placeholder,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form .search-field:-ms-input-placeholder{opacity:0.5;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-form{-js-display:flex;display:flex;align-items:center;}.ast-builder-layout-element.ast-header-search{height:auto;}.ast-header-search .astra-search-icon{color:#ffffff;font-size:16px;}.ast-header-search .search-field::placeholder,.ast-header-search .ast-icon{color:#ffffff;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-search .astra-search-icon{font-size:18px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-search .astra-search-icon{font-size:18px;}}.ast-header-search{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-header-search{display:flex;}}.ast-social-stack-desktop .ast-builder-social-element,.ast-social-stack-tablet .ast-builder-social-element,.ast-social-stack-mobile .ast-builder-social-element {margin-top: 6px;margin-bottom: 6px;}.social-show-label-true .ast-builder-social-element {width: auto;padding: 0 0.4em;}[data-section^="section-fb-social-icons-"] .footer-social-inner-wrap {text-align: center;}.ast-footer-social-wrap {width: 100%;}.ast-footer-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:first-child {margin-left: 0;}.ast-footer-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:last-child {margin-right: 0;}.ast-header-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:first-child {margin-left: 0;}.ast-header-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:last-child {margin-right: 0;}.ast-builder-social-element {line-height: 1;color: #3a3a3a;background: transparent;vertical-align: middle;transition: all 0.01s;margin-left: 6px;margin-right: 6px;justify-content: center;align-items: center;}.ast-builder-social-element {line-height: 1;color: #3a3a3a;background: transparent;vertical-align: middle;transition: all 0.01s;margin-left: 6px;margin-right: 6px;justify-content: center;align-items: center;}.ast-builder-social-element .social-item-label {padding-left: 6px;}.ast-header-social-1-wrap .ast-builder-social-element svg{width:16px;height:16px;}.ast-header-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom svg{fill:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-header-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom .ast-builder-social-element:hover{color:#3f3a94;}.ast-header-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom .ast-builder-social-element:hover svg{fill:#3f3a94;}.ast-header-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom .social-item-label{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-header-social-1-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:hover .social-item-label{color:#3f3a94;}.ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="section-hb-social-icons-1"]{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="section-hb-social-icons-1"]{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="section-hb-social-icons-1"]{display:flex;}}.site-below-footer-wrap{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px;}.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"]{background-color:#f5f5f5;;background-image:none;;min-height:80px;}.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row{max-width:1300px;min-height:80px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row,.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"] .site-footer-section{align-items:flex-start;}.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.ast-builder-grid-row-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}@media (max-width:921px){.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-tablet-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-tablet-stack .site-footer-section{display:block;margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}@media (max-width:544px){.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-mobile-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-mobile-stack .site-footer-section{display:block;margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"]{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .site-below-footer-wrap[data-section="section-below-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}}.ast-footer-copyright{text-align:center;}.ast-footer-copyright {color:#707070;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-footer-copyright{text-align:center;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-footer-copyright{text-align:center;}}.ast-footer-copyright {font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;}.ast-footer-copyright.ast-builder-layout-element{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-footer-copyright.ast-builder-layout-element{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-footer-copyright.ast-builder-layout-element{display:flex;}}.ast-social-stack-desktop .ast-builder-social-element,.ast-social-stack-tablet .ast-builder-social-element,.ast-social-stack-mobile .ast-builder-social-element {margin-top: 6px;margin-bottom: 6px;}.social-show-label-true .ast-builder-social-element {width: auto;padding: 0 0.4em;}[data-section^="section-fb-social-icons-"] .footer-social-inner-wrap {text-align: center;}.ast-footer-social-wrap {width: 100%;}.ast-footer-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:first-child {margin-left: 0;}.ast-footer-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:last-child {margin-right: 0;}.ast-header-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:first-child {margin-left: 0;}.ast-header-social-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:last-child {margin-right: 0;}.ast-builder-social-element {line-height: 1;color: #3a3a3a;background: transparent;vertical-align: middle;transition: all 0.01s;margin-left: 6px;margin-right: 6px;justify-content: center;align-items: center;}.ast-builder-social-element {line-height: 1;color: #3a3a3a;background: transparent;vertical-align: middle;transition: all 0.01s;margin-left: 6px;margin-right: 6px;justify-content: center;align-items: center;}.ast-builder-social-element .social-item-label {padding-left: 6px;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-builder-social-element,.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .social-show-label-true .ast-builder-social-element{margin-left:10px;margin-right:10px;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-builder-social-element svg{width:22px;height:22px;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap{margin-bottom:30px;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom svg{fill:#3f3a94;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom .ast-builder-social-element:hover{color:#01aaa8;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom .ast-builder-social-element:hover svg{fill:#01aaa8;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-social-color-type-custom .social-item-label{color:#3f3a94;}.ast-footer-social-1-wrap .ast-builder-social-element:hover .social-item-label{color:#01aaa8;}[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"] .footer-social-inner-wrap{text-align:center;}@media (max-width:921px){[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"] .footer-social-inner-wrap{text-align:center;}}@media (max-width:544px){[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"] .footer-social-inner-wrap{text-align:center;}}.ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"]{display:flex;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"]{display:flex;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-layout-element[data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"]{display:flex;}}.site-above-footer-wrap{padding-top:20px;padding-bottom:20px;}.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"]{background-color:#f5f5f5;;background-image:none;;min-height:60px;}.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row{max-width:1300px;min-height:60px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row,.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"] .site-footer-section{align-items:flex-start;}.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.ast-builder-grid-row-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}@media (max-width:921px){.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-tablet-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-tablet-stack .site-footer-section{display:block;margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}@media (max-width:544px){.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-mobile-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-mobile-stack .site-footer-section{display:block;margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"]{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .site-above-footer-wrap[data-section="section-above-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}}.site-footer{background-color:#f5f5f5;;background-image:none;;}.site-primary-footer-wrap{padding-top:45px;padding-bottom:45px;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"]{background-color:#f5f5f5;;background-image:none;;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-column-gap:0px;max-width:1300px;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row,.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"] .site-footer-section{align-items:flex-start;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.ast-builder-grid-row-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}@media (max-width:921px){.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-column-gap:0px;grid-row-gap:0px;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-tablet-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-tablet-stack .site-footer-section{display:block;margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}@media (max-width:544px){.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"] .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-column-gap:0px;grid-row-gap:0px;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-mobile-inline .site-footer-section{display:flex;margin-bottom:0;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"].ast-footer-row-mobile-stack .site-footer-section{display:block;margin-bottom:10px;}.ast-builder-grid-row-container.ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-full .ast-builder-grid-row{grid-template-columns:1fr;}}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"]{padding-top:30px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;margin-right:0px;}.site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .site-primary-footer-wrap[data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"]{display:grid;}}.footer-widget-area.widget-area.site-footer-focus-item{width:auto;}.elementor-posts-container [CLASS*="ast-width-"]{width:100%;}.elementor-template-full-width .ast-container{display:block;}.elementor-screen-only,.screen-reader-text,.screen-reader-text span,.ui-helper-hidden-accessible{top:0 !important;}@media (max-width:544px){.elementor-element .elementor-wc-products .woocommerce[class*="columns-"] ul.products li.product{width:auto;margin:0;}.elementor-element .woocommerce .woocommerce-result-count{float:none;}}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled .ast-builder-menu-1 div:not( .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper) .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .inline-on-mobile .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .menu-item .sub-menu{box-shadow:0px 4px 10px -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);}.ast-desktop .ast-mega-menu-enabled .ast-builder-menu-2 div:not( .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper) .sub-menu,.ast-builder-menu-2 .inline-on-mobile .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper,.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .menu-item .sub-menu{box-shadow:0px 4px 10px -2px rgba(0,0,0,0.1);}.ast-desktop .ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .ast-mobile-popup-inner{max-width:35%;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .ast-mobile-popup-inner{max-width:90%;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .ast-mobile-popup-inner{max-width:90%;}}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;}@media (min-width:922px){.main-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;}}@media (min-width:922px){#primary{width:70%;}#secondary{width:30%;}}.main-header-menu .menu-item,#astra-footer-menu .menu-item,.main-header-bar .ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{-js-display:flex;display:flex;-webkit-box-pack:center;-webkit-justify-content:center;-moz-box-pack:center;-ms-flex-pack:center;justify-content:center;-webkit-box-orient:vertical;-webkit-box-direction:normal;-webkit-flex-direction:column;-moz-box-orient:vertical;-moz-box-direction:normal;-ms-flex-direction:column;flex-direction:column;}.main-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,#astra-footer-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{height:100%;-webkit-box-align:center;-webkit-align-items:center;-moz-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-js-display:flex;display:flex;}.ast-header-break-point .main-navigation ul .menu-item .menu-link .icon-arrow:first-of-type svg{top:.2em;margin-top:0px;margin-left:0px;width:.65em;transform:translate(0,-2px) rotateZ(270deg);}.ast-mobile-popup-content .ast-submenu-expanded > .ast-menu-toggle{transform:rotateX(180deg);overflow-y:auto;}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-builder-menu .main-navigation > ul > li:last-child a{margin-right:0;}}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-inner{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-inner{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-inner{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post),.woocommerce.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-separate-container .error-404,.ast-separate-container .no-results,.single.ast-separate-container .site-main .ast-author-meta,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .ast-comment-list li,.ast-separate-container .comments-area .comments-title{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post),.woocommerce.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-separate-container .error-404,.ast-separate-container .no-results,.single.ast-separate-container .site-main .ast-author-meta,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single:not(.ast-related-post),.woocommerce.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-separate-container .error-404,.ast-separate-container .no-results,.single.ast-separate-container .site-main .ast-author-meta,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-box-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-padded-layout.ast-plain-container .site-content,.ast-separate-container .ast-archive-description{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}.ast-plain-container,.ast-page-builder-template{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-plain-container,.ast-page-builder-template{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-plain-container,.ast-page-builder-template{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}.ast-related-post-title,.entry-meta * {word-break: break-word;}.ast-related-post-cta.read-more .ast-related-post-link {text-decoration: none;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-related-post .entry-header,.ast-related-post-content .entry-header,.ast-related-post-content .entry-meta {margin: 1em auto 1em auto;padding: 0;}.ast-related-posts-wrapper {display: grid;grid-column-gap: 25px;grid-row-gap: 25px;}.ast-related-posts-wrapper .ast-related-post,.ast-related-post-featured-section {padding: 0;margin: 0;width: 100%;position: relative;}.ast-related-posts-inner-section {height: 100%;}.post-has-thumb + .entry-header,.post-has-thumb + .entry-content {margin-top: 1em;}.ast-related-post-content .entry-meta {margin-top: 0.5em;}.ast-related-posts-inner-section .post-thumb-img-content {margin: 0;position: relative;}.ast-single-related-posts-container {border-top: 1px solid var(--ast-single-post-border,var(--ast-border-color));}.ast-separate-container .ast-single-related-posts-container {border-top: 0;}.ast-single-related-posts-container {padding-top: 2em;}.ast-related-posts-title-section {padding-bottom: 2em;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-single-related-posts-container {margin-top: 0;padding-left: 20px;padding-right: 20px;}@media (max-width: 544px) {.ast-related-posts-title-section {padding-bottom: 1.5em;}}.ast-single-related-posts-container .ast-related-posts-wrapper{grid-template-columns:1fr;}.ast-related-posts-inner-section .ast-date-meta .posted-on,.ast-related-posts-inner-section .ast-date-meta .posted-on *{background:#3f3a94;color:#ffffff;}.ast-related-posts-inner-section .ast-date-meta .posted-on .date-month,.ast-related-posts-inner-section .ast-date-meta .posted-on .date-year{color:#ffffff;}.ast-single-related-posts-container{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}.ast-related-posts-title{color:#3f3a94;font-weight:500;font-size:30px;font-size:1.875rem;line-height:1.6em;}.ast-related-posts-title-section .ast-related-posts-title{text-align:left;}.ast-related-post-content .entry-header .ast-related-post-title,.ast-related-post-content .entry-header .ast-related-post-title a{color:#707070;font-weight:400;font-size:20px;font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1em;}.ast-related-post-content .entry-meta,.ast-related-post-content .entry-meta *{font-size:14px;font-size:0.875rem;line-height:1.6em;}.ast-related-post-excerpt{color:#707070;}.ast-related-cat-style--badge .cat-links > a,.ast-related-tag-style--badge .tags-links > a{border-style:solid;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;padding:4px 8px;border-radius:3px;font-size:inherit;color:#fff;border-color:#3f3a94;background-color:#3f3a94;}.ast-related-cat-style--badge .cat-links > a:hover,.ast-related-tag-style--badge .tags-links > a:hover{color:#fff;background-color:#01aaa8;border-color:#01aaa8;}.ast-related-cat-style--underline .cat-links > a,.ast-related-tag-style--underline .tags-links > a{text-decoration:underline;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-single-related-posts-container .ast-related-posts-wrapper .ast-related-post{width:100%;}.ast-single-related-posts-container .ast-related-posts-wrapper{grid-template-columns:repeat( 2,1fr );}.ast-single-related-posts-container{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-single-related-posts-container .ast-related-posts-wrapper{grid-template-columns:1fr;}.ast-single-related-posts-container{background-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);;background-image:none;;}}.site .ast-single-related-posts-container{padding-top:2.5em;padding-bottom:2.5em;padding-left:2.5em;padding-right:2.5em;margin-top:2em;}#ast-scroll-top {display: none;position: fixed;text-align: center;cursor: pointer;z-index: 99;width: 2.1em;height: 2.1em;line-height: 2.1;color: #ffffff;border-radius: 2px;content: "";outline: inherit;}@media (min-width: 769px) {#ast-scroll-top {content: "769";}}#ast-scroll-top .ast-icon.icon-arrow svg {margin-left: 0px;vertical-align: middle;transform: translate(0,-20%) rotate(180deg);width: 1.6em;}.ast-scroll-to-top-right {right: 30px;bottom: 30px;}.ast-scroll-to-top-left {left: 30px;bottom: 30px;}#ast-scroll-top{background-color:#3f3a94;font-size:16px;border-top-left-radius:25px;border-top-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-right-radius:25px;border-bottom-left-radius:25px;}@media (max-width:921px){#ast-scroll-top .ast-icon.icon-arrow svg{width:1em;}}.ast-mobile-header-content > *,.ast-desktop-header-content > * {padding: 10px 0;height: auto;}.ast-mobile-header-content > *:first-child,.ast-desktop-header-content > *:first-child {padding-top: 10px;}.ast-mobile-header-content > .ast-builder-menu,.ast-desktop-header-content > .ast-builder-menu {padding-top: 0;}.ast-mobile-header-content > *:last-child,.ast-desktop-header-content > *:last-child {padding-bottom: 0;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search label,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search label {width: 100%;}.ast-desktop-header-content .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-submenu-expanded > .ast-menu-toggle::before {transform: rotateX(180deg);}#ast-desktop-header .ast-desktop-header-content,.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-icon,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-icon,.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content,.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-popup-nav-open .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content,.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-popup-nav-open .ast-desktop-header-content {display: none;}.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-header-break-point #ast-desktop-header .ast-desktop-header-content,.ast-main-header-nav-open.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content {display: block;}.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-slide-up > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-slide-up > .menu-item .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-slide-down > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-slide-down > .menu-item .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-fade > .menu-item > .sub-menu,.ast-desktop .ast-desktop-header-content .astra-menu-animation-fade > .menu-item .menu-item > .sub-menu {opacity: 1;visibility: visible;}.ast-hfb-header.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content .main-header-bar-navigation {width: unset;margin: unset;}.ast-mobile-header-content.content-align-flex-end .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-desktop-header-content.content-align-flex-end .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle {left: calc( 20px - 0.907em);right: auto;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon,.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search {width: 100%;position: relative;display: block;right: auto;transform: none;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.slide-search .search-form,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form {right: 0;visibility: visible;opacity: 1;position: relative;top: auto;transform: none;padding: 0;display: block;overflow: hidden;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-field,.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon.ast-inline-search .search-field,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field {width: 100%;padding-right: 5.5em;}.ast-mobile-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit,.ast-desktop-header-content .ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit {display: block;position: absolute;height: 100%;top: 0;right: 0;padding: 0 1em;border-radius: 0;}.ast-hfb-header.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content .main-header-bar-navigation ul .sub-menu .menu-link {padding-left: 30px;}.ast-hfb-header.ast-default-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content .main-header-bar-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-item .menu-link {padding-left: 40px;}.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .ast-mobile-popup-inner{background-color:#ffffff;;}.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-mobile-header-content,.ast-desktop-header-content{background-color:#ffffff;;}.ast-mobile-popup-content > *,.ast-mobile-header-content > *,.ast-desktop-popup-content > *,.ast-desktop-header-content > *{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;}.content-align-flex-start .ast-builder-layout-element{justify-content:flex-start;}.content-align-flex-start .main-header-menu{text-align:left;}.ast-mobile-popup-drawer.active .menu-toggle-close{color:#3a3a3a;}.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-primary-header-bar,.ast-primary-header-bar .site-primary-header-wrap{min-height:74px;}.ast-desktop .ast-primary-header-bar .main-header-menu > .menu-item{line-height:74px;}.ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-primary-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-bar,.ast-header-break-point #masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-bar{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-color:#eaeaea;border-bottom-style:solid;}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-primary-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-color:#eaeaea;border-bottom-style:solid;}}.ast-primary-header-bar{background-color:#ffffff;;background-image:none;;}.ast-primary-header-bar{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-primary-header-bar{display:grid;}}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal{color:#3f3a94;border:none;background:transparent;}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-toggle-icon .ast-mobile-svg{width:20px;height:20px;fill:#3f3a94;}[data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-wrap .mobile-menu{color:#3f3a94;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .menu-item > .menu-link{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-3);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:var(--ast-global-color-1);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-header-menu,.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .menu-link,.ast-hfb-header .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item .sub-menu .menu-link{border-style:none;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .menu-item > .menu-link{color:#3f3a94;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#3f3a94;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item:hover > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#01aaa8;background:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item:hover > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#01aaa8;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .menu-link,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-ancestor > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#01aaa8;background:var(--ast-global-color-4);}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.current-menu-item > .ast-menu-toggle{color:#01aaa8;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .menu-link:after{content:unset;}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu,.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .main-header-menu .sub-menu{background-color:#f9fafb;;background-image:none;;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0;}}.ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-mobile .main-navigation{display:block;}}.ast-above-header .main-header-bar-navigation{height:100%;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item .menu-link{border:none;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .inline-on-mobile .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle::before{font-size:.6rem;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-wrap .main-header-bar-navigation .ast-submenu-expanded > .ast-menu-toggle::before{transform:rotateX(180deg);}.ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-bar ,.ast-above-header-bar .site-above-header-wrap{min-height:31px;}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-bar .main-header-menu > .menu-item{line-height:31px;}.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-bar .ast-header-woo-cart,.ast-desktop .ast-above-header-bar .ast-header-edd-cart{line-height:31px;}.ast-above-header-bar{border-bottom-width:1px;border-bottom-color:#eaeaea;border-bottom-style:solid;}.ast-above-header.ast-above-header-bar{background-color:#01aaa8;;background-image:none;;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-bar{background-color:#01aaa8;}@media (max-width:921px){#masthead .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-bar{padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}}.ast-above-header-bar{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-bar{display:grid;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-above-header-bar{display:grid;}}.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-vertical-menu {display: grid;}@media (min-width: 769px) {.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu li {margin: 0;}.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu a {padding: 0 0.5em;}}@media (min-width: 769px) {.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu li:first-child a {padding-left: 0;}.footer-nav-wrap .astra-footer-horizontal-menu li:last-child a {padding-right: 0;}}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-horizontal-menu{justify-content:center;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-vertical-menu .menu-item{align-items:center;}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item > a{font-size:12px;font-size:0.75rem;}#astra-footer-menu{margin-top:20px;margin-bottom:20px;margin-left:20px;margin-right:20px;}@media (max-width:921px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-tablet-horizontal-menu{justify-content:center;display:flex;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-tablet-vertical-menu{display:grid;justify-content:center;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-tablet-vertical-menu .menu-item{align-items:center;}#astra-footer-menu .menu-item > a{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:20px;padding-right:20px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-mobile-horizontal-menu{justify-content:center;display:flex;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-mobile-vertical-menu{display:grid;justify-content:center;}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"] .astra-footer-mobile-vertical-menu .menu-item{align-items:center;}}.footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"]{display:block;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"]{display:block;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .footer-widget-area[data-section="section-footer-menu"]{display:block;}}:root{--e-global-color-astglobalcolor0:#046bd2;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor1:#045cb4;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor2:#1e293b;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor3:#334155;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor4:#f9fafb;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor5:#FFFFFF;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor6:#e2e8f0;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor7:#cbd5e1;--e-global-color-astglobalcolor8:#94a3b8;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-google-fonts-css' href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Poppins%3A400%2C%2C500&display=fallback&ver=4.7.1' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://bio.news/wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' media='all' /> <style id='global-styles-inline-css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0: var(--ast-global-color-0);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1: var(--ast-global-color-1);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2: var(--ast-global-color-2);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3: var(--ast-global-color-3);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4: var(--ast-global-color-4);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5: var(--ast-global-color-5);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6: var(--ast-global-color-6);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7: var(--ast-global-color-7);--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8: var(--ast-global-color-8);--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:root { --wp--style--global--content-size: var(--wp--custom--ast-content-width-size);--wp--style--global--wide-size: var(--wp--custom--ast-wide-width-size); }:where(body) { margin: 0; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignleft { float: left; margin-right: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .alignright { float: right; margin-left: 2em; }.wp-site-blocks > .aligncenter { justify-content: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > * { margin-block-start: 24px; margin-block-end: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :first-child { margin-block-start: 0; }:where(.wp-site-blocks) > :last-child { margin-block-end: 0; }:root { --wp--style--block-gap: 24px; }.is-layout-flow > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}.is-layout-flow > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > :first-child{margin-block-start: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > :last-child{margin-block-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > *{margin-block-start: 24px;margin-block-end: 0;}.is-layout-flex {gap: 24px;}.is-layout-grid {gap: 24px;}.is-layout-flow > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-flow > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-flow > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignleft{float: left;margin-inline-start: 0;margin-inline-end: 2em;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignright{float: right;margin-inline-start: 2em;margin-inline-end: 0;}.is-layout-constrained > .aligncenter{margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > :where(:not(.alignleft):not(.alignright):not(.alignfull)){max-width: var(--wp--style--global--content-size);margin-left: auto !important;margin-right: auto !important;}.is-layout-constrained > .alignwide{max-width: var(--wp--style--global--wide-size);}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:root :where(body){padding-top: 0px;padding-right: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;}a:where(:not(.wp-element-button)){text-decoration: none;}:root :where(.wp-element-button, .wp-block-button__link){background-color: #32373c;border-width: 0;color: #fff;font-family: inherit;font-size: inherit;line-height: inherit;padding: calc(0.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);text-decoration: none;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-0-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-0) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-1-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-1) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-2-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-2) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-3-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-3) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-4-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-4) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-5-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-5) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-6-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-6) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-7-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-7) !important;}.has-ast-global-color-8-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--ast-global-color-8) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-addon-css-css' href='https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/astra-addon/astra-addon-66c5a7fd7ae063-74671521.css?ver=4.8.0' media='all' /> <style id='astra-addon-css-inline-css'> #content:before{content:"921";position:absolute;overflow:hidden;opacity:0;visibility:hidden;}.blog-layout-2{position:relative;}.single .ast-author-details .author-title{color:#3f3a94;}.single.ast-page-builder-template .ast-single-author-box{padding:2em 20px;}.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-meta{padding:3em;}@media (max-width:921px){.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-meta{padding:1.5em 2.14em;}.single .ast-author-meta .post-author-avatar{margin-bottom:1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{width:100%;}.blog-layout-1 .post-content,.blog-layout-1 .ast-blog-featured-section{float:none;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on{margin-top:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-2.14em;margin-right:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .entry-header .post-thumb-img-content:first-child{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-2.14em;margin-right:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-right:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-left:-0.5em;margin-right:-0.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .square .posted-on{margin-top:0;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:1em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content{margin-top:-1.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-1.5em;margin-right:-1.5em;}.blog-layout-2{display:flex;flex-direction:column-reverse;}.ast-separate-container .blog-layout-3,.ast-separate-container .blog-layout-1{display:block;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{width:100%;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-top:0;margin-left:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-top:0;margin-left:-1.14em;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-archive-description,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-archive-description,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-archive-description{margin-bottom:1.33333em;}.blog-layout-2.ast-no-thumb .post-content,.blog-layout-3.ast-no-thumb .post-content{width:calc(100% - 5.714285714em);}.blog-layout-2.ast-no-thumb.ast-no-date-box .post-content,.blog-layout-3.ast-no-thumb.ast-no-date-box .post-content{width:100%;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts{border-bottom:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:after{flex-basis:0;width:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{display:flex;padding:0;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:stretch;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row:after,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:before,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row:after{flex-basis:0;width:0;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post{display:flex;}.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-plain-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post:last-child,.ast-page-builder-template .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post:last-child{margin-bottom:2.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 > .site-main > .ast-row,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 > .site-main > .ast-row{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:stretch;}.single .ast-author-meta .ast-author-details{display:flex;align-items:center;}.post-author-bio .author-title{margin-bottom:10px;}}@media (min-width:922px){.single .post-author-avatar,.single .post-author-bio{float:left;clear:right;}.single .ast-author-meta .post-author-avatar{margin-right:1.33333em;}.single .ast-author-meta .about-author-title-wrapper,.single .ast-author-meta .post-author-bio{text-align:left;}.blog-layout-2 .post-content{padding-right:2em;}.blog-layout-2.ast-no-date-box.ast-no-thumb .post-content{padding-right:0;}.blog-layout-3 .post-content{padding-left:2em;}.blog-layout-3.ast-no-date-box.ast-no-thumb .post-content{padding-left:0;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+0),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+1),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+0),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+1),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+0),.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post.ast-separate-posts:nth-child(2n+1){padding:0 1em 0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:0.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single.remove-featured-img-padding .single-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-left:-0.5em;margin-right:-0.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .circle .posted-on{margin-top:0.5em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section:first-child .post-thumb-img-content{margin-top:-1.33333em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-2 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-3 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content,.ast-separate-container.ast-blog-grid-4 .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding .blog-layout-1 .post-thumb-img-content{margin-left:-1em;margin-right:-1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-2,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-2 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-3{padding:1.33333em 1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-3 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-1,.ast-separate-container .ast-grid-4 .ast-article-post .blog-layout-1{padding:1.33333em 1em;}.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-meta{padding:1.5em 1em;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .square .posted-on{margin-left:-1em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post.remove-featured-img-padding.has-post-thumbnail .blog-layout-1 .post-content .ast-blog-featured-section .circle .posted-on{margin-left:-0.5em;}}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-hide-display-device-desktop{display:none;}[class^="astra-advanced-hook-"] .wp-block-query .wp-block-post-template .wp-block-post{width:100%;}}@media (min-width:545px) and (max-width:921px){.ast-hide-display-device-tablet{display:none;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-hide-display-device-mobile{display:none;}}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-sharing-heading {margin-bottom: .5em;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap {width: fit-content;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-element > .ahfb-svg-iconset,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-element > .ahfb-svg-iconset {display: flex;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-element,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-element {display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;}.ast-post-social-sharing .social-item-label {display: block;color: var(--ast-global-color-3);}.single article .ast-single-author-box,.single.ast-narrow-container article .ast-single-author-box,.single.ast-plain-container article .ast-single-author-box,.single.ast-separate-container article .ast-single-author-box {margin-top: 2em;border-top: 1px solid var(--ast-single-post-border,var(--ast-border-color));}.single.ast-separate-container article .ast-author-meta {padding: 0;}.ast-author-details .ast-author-box-sharing {align-items: flex-start;margin-top: 20px;}.ast-single-author-box.ast-author-container--center .ast-author-meta,.single.ast-separate-container article .ast-author-meta {padding: 2em;}.ast-single-author-box.ast-author-container--center .ast-author-meta * {text-align: center;}.ast-single-author-box.ast-author-container--center .ast-author-meta .ast-author-details {display: block;}.ast-single-author-box.ast-author-container--center .post-author-avatar,.ast-single-author-box.ast-author-container--center .post-author-bio {float: unset;}.ast-single-author-box.ast-author-container--center .post-author-avatar {margin: 0 0 1em;}.ast-single-author-box.ast-author-container--center .ast-author-details .ast-author-box-sharing {align-items: center;}.ast-author-box-sharing a.ast-social-icon-a:first-child {margin-left: 0;}.ast-author-box-sharing a.ast-social-icon-a:last-child {margin-right: 0;}.single.ast-separate-container .ast-single-author-box {border-top: 0;}.single.ast-plain-container .ast-single-author-box,.single.ast-page-builder-template .ast-single-author-box,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-author-box {padding-top: 2em;}.single.ast-plain-container .ast-single-author-box,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-author-box {margin-top: 0;}.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on,.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on *{background:#3f3a94;color:#ffffff;}.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on .date-month,.ast-article-post .ast-date-meta .posted-on .date-year{color:#ffffff;}.ast-load-more:hover{color:#ffffff;border-color:#3f3a94;background-color:#3f3a94;}.ast-loader > div{background-color:#3f3a94;}.ast-page-builder-template .ast-archive-description{margin-bottom:2em;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap .ast-social-icon-a:first-child,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap .ast-social-icon-a:first-child{margin-left:0;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap .ast-social-icon-a:last-child,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap .ast-social-icon-a:last-child{margin-right:0;}.ast-post-social-sharing{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;}.ast-author-box-sharing{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap{margin-top:35px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;padding-right:0px;width:auto;}.ast-post-social-sharing a.ast-social-icon-a,.ast-author-box-sharing a.ast-social-icon-a{justify-content:center;line-height:normal;display:inline-flex;text-align:center;text-decoration:none;}.ast-post-social-sharing a.ast-social-icon-a{display:inline-block;margin-left:2px;margin-right:2px;}.ast-author-box-sharing a.ast-social-icon-a{display:inline-block;margin-left:2px;margin-right:2px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .social-item-label,.ast-author-box-sharing .social-item-label{font-size:12px;font-size:0.75rem;font-weight:500;width:100%;text-align:center;color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-element,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-element{padding:0px;border-radius:0px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-element svg,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-element svg{width:12px;height:12px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-icon-image-wrap,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-icon-image-wrap{margin:0px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-color-type-custom svg,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-color-type-custom svg{fill:#ffffff;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-element svg,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-element svg{width:30px;height:30px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap .ast-social-icon-a,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap .ast-social-icon-a{margin-left:10px;margin-right:10px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-element,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-element{padding:0px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-icon-image-wrap,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-icon-image-wrap{margin:0px;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-element svg,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-element svg{width:30px;height:30px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap .ast-social-icon-a,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-inner-wrap .ast-social-icon-a{margin-left:10px;margin-right:10px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-element,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-element{padding:0px;}.ast-post-social-sharing .ast-social-icon-image-wrap,.ast-author-box-sharing .ast-social-icon-image-wrap{margin:0px;}}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-field{border-radius:2px;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-submit{border-radius:2px;}.ast-header-search .ast-search-menu-icon .search-form{border-top-width:1px;border-bottom-width:1px;border-left-width:1px;border-right-width:1px;border-color:#ddd;border-radius:2px;}.ast-search-box.header-cover #close,.ast-search-box.full-screen #close,.ast-search-box.full-screen .ast-search-wrapper .large-search-text,.ast-search-box.header-cover .search-submit,.ast-search-box.header-cover .search-field,.ast-search-box.full-screen .search-field,.ast-search-box.header-cover .search-field::-webkit-input-placeholder,.ast-search-box.full-screen .search-field::-webkit-input-placeholder,.full-screen .ast-live-search-results *,.ast-search-box.full-screen .ast-search--posttype-heading{color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}.ast-search-box.full-screen .ast-search-wrapper fieldset{border-color:var(--ast-global-color-5);}@media (min-width:922px){.ast-container{max-width:1340px;}}@media (min-width:993px){.ast-container{max-width:1340px;}}@media (min-width:1201px){.ast-container{max-width:1340px;}}.ast-separate-container .primary:not(.ast-grid-1) .ast-article-inner,.ast-narrow-container .primary:not(.ast-grid-1) .ast-article-inner{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .comments-title{padding-bottom:0;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond .ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper .single.ast-separate-container .about-author-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details,.ast-separate-container .ast-single-related-posts-container{padding-right:2.14em;padding-left:2.14em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.ast-narrow-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.single.ast-narrow-container .about-author-title-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details{padding-right:2.14em;padding-left:2.14em;}.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-plain-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{margin-top:1.5em;margin-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-left-sidebar #primary,.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-right-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container.ast-left-sidebar #primary,.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;}.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .alignfull,.ast-no-sidebar.ast-narrow-container .entry-content .alignfull{margin-right:-2.14em;margin-left:-2.14em;}.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .comments-title{padding-bottom:0;}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details{padding-top:1.5em;padding-bottom:1.5em;}.ast-separate-container .ast-article-post,.ast-separate-container .ast-article-single,.ast-separate-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-separate-container .comment-respond,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.single.ast-separate-container .about-author-title-wrapper,.ast-separate-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-separate-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.single.ast-separate-container .ast-author-details{padding-right:1em;padding-left:1em;}.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-post,.ast-narrow-container .ast-article-single,.ast-narrow-container .comments-count-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .ast-comment-list li.depth-1,.ast-narrow-container .comment-respond,.ast-narrow-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .related-posts-title-wrapper,.single.ast-narrow-container .about-author-title-wrapper,.ast-narrow-container .ast-related-posts-wrap,.ast-narrow-container .ast-woocommerce-container,.ast-narrow-container .ast-single-related-posts-container,.single.ast-narrow-container .ast-author-details{padding-right:1em;padding-left:1em;}.ast-no-sidebar.ast-separate-container .entry-content .alignfull,.ast-no-sidebar.ast-narrow-container .entry-content .alignfull{margin-right:-1em;margin-left:-1em;}.ast-separate-container .comments-title,.ast-narrow-container .comments-title{padding-bottom:0;}}.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}.ast-flyout-menu-enable.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar .main-header-bar-navigation .main-header-menu > .menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .header-main-layout-2 .site-branding,.ast-header-break-point .ast-mobile-header-stack .ast-mobile-menu-buttons{padding-bottom:0px;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container.ast-two-container #secondary .widget,.ast-separate-container #secondary .widget{margin-bottom:1.5em;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-top:0px;}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-separate-container #primary,.ast-narrow-container #primary{padding-bottom:0px;}}.site-header .ast-sticky-shrunk .ast-site-identity,.ast-sticky-shrunk .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link,.ast-sticky-shrunk li.ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;} .ast-header-break-point .ast-sticky-shrunk.main-navigation .sub-menu .menu-item .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;}.ast-sticky-shrunk .main-header-menu .sub-menu .menu-link{padding-top:0.9em;padding-bottom:0.9em;}.site-header .ast-sticky-shrunk .ast-site-identity,.ast-sticky-shrunk li.ast-masthead-custom-menu-items{padding-top:0.5em;padding-bottom:0.5em;}.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-primary-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-primary-header-bar.ast-header-sticked .site-primary-header-wrap,.ast-header-sticked .ast-primary-header-bar .site-primary-header-wrap,.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-primary-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-stick-primary-below-wrapper.ast-header-sticked .ast-below-header ,.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-stick-primary-below-wrapper.ast-header-sticked .ast-primary-header-bar .site-primary-header-wrap{min-height:64px;}.ast-desktop.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-primary-header-bar.ast-header-sticked .main-header-menu > .menu-item{line-height:64px;}.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-above-header-bar.ast-header-sticked .site-above-header-wrap,.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-above-header-bar.ast-header-sticked .site-above-header-wrap,.ast-header-sticked .ast-above-header-bar .site-above-header-wrap,.ast-header-sticked .ast-above-header-bar,.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-above-header-bar.ast-header-sticked{min-height:21px;}.ast-desktop.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-above-header-bar.ast-header-sticked .main-header-menu > .menu-item{line-height:21px;}.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-below-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-below-header-bar.ast-header-sticked .site-below-header-wrap,.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-below-header-bar.ast-header-sticked.site-below-header-wrap,.ast-header-sticked .ast-below-header-bar .site-below-header-wrap,.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-mobile-header-wrap .ast-below-header-bar.ast-header-sticked .site-below-header-wrap{min-height:50px;}.ast-desktop.ast-sticky-header-shrink .ast-below-header-bar.ast-header-sticked .main-header-menu > .menu-item{line-height:50px;}.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .astra-megamenu,.ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-top-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-style:solid;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .sub-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:30px;padding-right:20px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-1 .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;}}.ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .astra-megamenu,.ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu.submenu-with-border .astra-full-megamenu-wrapper{border-top-width:2px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;border-style:solid;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu .sub-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link{padding-top:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:30px;padding-right:20px;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-2 .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;right:calc( 20px - 0.907em );}}@media (max-width:544px){.ast-header-break-point .ast-builder-menu-2 .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-has-children > .ast-menu-toggle{top:0px;}}.ast-above-header,.main-header-bar,.ast-below-header {-webkit-transition: all 0.2s linear;transition: all 0.2s linear;}.ast-above-header,.main-header-bar,.ast-below-header {max-width:100%;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-header-sticked [data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-toggle-icon .ast-mobile-svg{fill:#3f3a94;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-header-sticked [data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .mobile-menu-wrap .mobile-menu{color:#3f3a94;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"] .ast-header-sticked [data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"] .ast-button-wrap .ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal{background:transparent;}.site-title,.site-title a{font-weight:500;font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;line-height:1.23em;}.ast-read-more-container a{font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;}.ast-excerpt-container{font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;}.ast-pagination .page-numbers,.ast-pagination .page-navigation{font-size:17px;font-size:1.0625rem;}.secondary .widget-title,.woocommerce-page #secondary .widget .widget-title{font-size:26px;font-size:1.625rem;font-weight:500;font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;line-height:1.23em;}.secondary .widget > *:not(.widget-title){font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;}.blog .entry-title,.blog .entry-title a,.archive .entry-title,.archive .entry-title a,.search .entry-title,.search .entry-title a{font-family:'Poppins',sans-serif;font-weight:500;line-height:1.23em;}button,.ast-button,input#submit,input[type="button"],input[type="submit"],input[type="reset"]{font-size:16px;font-size:1rem;font-weight:500;}h4.widget-title{font-weight:500;}h5.widget-title{font-weight:500;}h6.widget-title{font-weight:500;}.elementor-widget-heading h4.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h5.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.2em;}.elementor-widget-heading h6.elementor-heading-title{line-height:1.25em;}.ast-hfb-header.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link{font-weight:700;}.ast-hfb-header.ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link{font-weight:700;}#secondary .wp-block-group *:not(h2:first-of-type){font-size:!important;}@media (max-width:921px){#secondary .wp-block-group *:not(h2:first-of-type){font-size:!important;}}@media (max-width:544px){#secondary .wp-block-group *:not(h2:first-of-type){font-size:!important;}}.ast-desktop .ast-mm-widget-content .ast-mm-widget-item{padding:0;}.ast-header-break-point .menu-text + .icon-arrow,.ast-desktop .menu-link > .icon-arrow:first-child,.ast-header-break-point .main-header-menu > .menu-item > .menu-link .icon-arrow,.ast-header-break-point .astra-mm-highlight-label + .icon-arrow{display:none;}@media (min-width: 922px) {.ast-search-box.full-screen a.ast-search-item {display: inline-flex;width: 50%;}}.full-screen label.ast-search--posttype-heading {border-color: #9E9E9E;color: #fafafa;font-size: 1.2em;}.ast-search-box.full-screen a.ast-search-item {color: #e2e2e2;font-size: 1em;}.full-screen label.ast-search--no-results-heading {padding: 1em 0;color: #e2e2e2;}.ast-advanced-headers-layout.ast-advanced-headers-layout-2 .ast-container{flex-direction:column;}.ast-advanced-headers-different-logo .advanced-header-logo,.ast-header-break-point .ast-has-mobile-header-logo .advanced-header-logo{display:inline-block;}.ast-header-break-point.ast-advanced-headers-different-logo .ast-has-mobile-header-logo .ast-mobile-header-logo{display:none;}.ast-advanced-headers-layout{width:100%;}.ast-header-break-point .ast-advanced-headers-parallax{background-attachment:fixed;}#masthead .site-logo-img .sticky-custom-logo .astra-logo-svg,.site-logo-img .sticky-custom-logo .astra-logo-svg,.ast-sticky-main-shrink .ast-sticky-shrunk .site-logo-img .astra-logo-svg{max-width:182px;width:182px !important;}.ast-hfb-header .site-logo-img .sticky-custom-logo img{max-width:182px !important;width:182px;}#masthead .site-logo-img .astra-logo-svg,.ast-header-break-point #ast-fixed-header .site-logo-img .custom-logo-link img {max-width:200px;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link{background:transparent;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading:hover > .menu-link,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-1 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link:hover{background:transparent;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-primary-sticky-header-active.ast-main-header-nav-open nav{overflow-y:auto;max-height:calc(100vh - 100px);}}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link{background:transparent;}[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading:hover > .menu-link,[CLASS*="-sticky-header-active"].ast-desktop .ast-builder-menu-2 .main-header-menu.ast-mega-menu-enabled .sub-menu .menu-item.menu-item-heading > .menu-link:hover{background:transparent;}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-primary-sticky-header-active.ast-main-header-nav-open nav{overflow-y:auto;max-height:calc(100vh - 100px);}}@media (max-width:921px){.ast-primary-sticky-header-active.ast-main-header-nav-open nav{overflow-y:auto;max-height:calc(100vh - 100px);}}.ast-transparent-header.ast-primary-sticky-header-active .main-header-bar-wrap .main-header-bar,.ast-primary-sticky-header-active .main-header-bar-wrap .main-header-bar,.ast-primary-sticky-header-active.ast-header-break-point .main-header-bar-wrap .main-header-bar,.ast-transparent-header.ast-primary-sticky-enabled .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,.ast-primary-sticky-enabled .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-sticked,.ast-primary-sticky-header-ast-primary-sticky-enabled .ast-main-header-wrap .main-header-bar.ast-header-sticked{backdrop-filter:unset;-webkit-backdrop-filter:unset;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-official-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v6.4.0/css/all.css' media='all' integrity="sha384-iw3OoTErCYJJB9mCa8LNS2hbsQ7M3C0EpIsO/H5+EGAkPGc6rk+V8i04oW/K5xq0" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bio-news-theme-css-css' href='https://bio.news/wp-content/themes/bio-news/style.css?ver=1.0.0' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='font-awesome-official-v4shim-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v6.4.0/css/v4-shims.css' media='all' integrity="sha384-TjXU13dTMPo+5ZlOUI1IGXvpmajjoetPqbUJqTx+uZ1bGwylKHNEItuVe/mg/H6l" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <script src="https://bio.news/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script src="https://bio.news/wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script>  <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://bio.news/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://bio.news/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/5221" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://bio.news/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://bio.news/?p=5221' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://bio.news/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fbio.news%2Fhealth%2F2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://bio.news/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fbio.news%2Fhealth%2F2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university%2F&format=xml" /> <script> document.documentElement.className = document.documentElement.className.replace('no-js', 'js'); </script> <style> .no-js img.lazyload { display: none; } figure.wp-block-image img.lazyloading { min-width: 150px; } .lazyload, .lazyloading { opacity: 0; } .lazyloaded { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 400ms; transition-delay: 0ms; } </style> <meta name="generator" content="Elementor 3.23.4; features: e_optimized_css_loading, additional_custom_breakpoints, e_lazyload; settings: css_print_method-external, google_font-enabled, font_display-swap"> <style type="text/css"> body[class^="guest-author"] a[href=''] { pointer-events: none; color: inherit; text-decoration: inherit; } </style> <style> .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+4):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } @media screen and (max-height: 1024px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+3):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } @media screen and (max-height: 640px) { .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload), .e-con.e-parent:nth-of-type(n+2):not(.e-lazyloaded):not(.e-no-lazyload) * { background-image: none !important; } } </style> <style id="uagb-style-frontend-5221">.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media (max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media (max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) !important}} </style><style id="uagb-style-frontend-4326">.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media (max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media (max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) !important}} </style><style id="uagb-style-frontend-4324">.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-desktop) !important}@media (max-width: 976px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-tablet) !important}}@media (max-width: 767px){.uag-blocks-common-selector{z-index:var(--z-index-mobile) !important}} </style><link rel="icon" href="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/cropped-cropped-favicon_bio-32x32.png" sizes="32x32" /> <link rel="icon" href="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/cropped-cropped-favicon_bio-192x192.png" sizes="192x192" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/cropped-cropped-favicon_bio-180x180.png" /> <meta name="msapplication-TileImage" content="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/cropped-cropped-favicon_bio-270x270.png" />  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=UA-228807776-1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'UA-228807776-1'); </script> <script type="text/javascript"> (function() { var didInit = false; function initMunchkin() { if(didInit === false) { didInit = true; Munchkin.init('490-EHZ-999'); } } var s = document.createElement('script'); s.type = 'text/javascript'; s.async = true; s.src = '//munchkin.marketo.net/munchkin.js'; s.onreadystatechange = function() { if (this.readyState == 'complete' || this.readyState == 'loaded') { initMunchkin(); } }; s.onload = initMunchkin; document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(s); })(); </script> </head> <body itemtype='https://schema.org/Blog' itemscope='itemscope' class="post-template-default single single-post postid-5221 single-format-standard wp-custom-logo ast-desktop ast-plain-container ast-right-sidebar astra-4.7.1 group-blog ast-blog-single-style-1 ast-single-post ast-inherit-site-logo-transparent ast-hfb-header ast-full-width-layout ast-sticky-main-shrink ast-sticky-header-shrink ast-inherit-site-logo-sticky ast-sticky-custom-logo ast-primary-sticky-enabled guest-author-2.5 ast-normal-title-enabled elementor-default elementor-kit-42 astra-addon-4.8.0">  <noscript><iframe src=https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-PQHHCWJZ height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript>   <script src="https://api.fouanalytics.com/api/init-482063914yjjkwsgoxki.js" data-cfasync="false" async></script><noscript><img src="https://api.fouanalytics.com/api/noscript-482063914yjjkwsgoxki.gif"></noscript>  <a class="skip-link screen-reader-text" href="#content" role="link" title="Skip to content"> Skip to content</a> <div class="hfeed site" id="page"> <header class="site-header header-main-layout-1 ast-primary-menu-enabled ast-logo-title-inline ast-hide-custom-menu-mobile ast-builder-menu-toggle-icon ast-mobile-header-inline" id="masthead" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPHeader" itemscope="itemscope" itemid="#masthead" > <div id="ast-desktop-header" data-toggle-type="dropdown"> <div class="ast-above-header-wrap "> <div class="ast-above-header-bar ast-above-header site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-above-header-builder"> <div class="site-above-header-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-header-focus-item ast-container" data-section="section-above-header-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-builder-grid-row-has-sides ast-builder-grid-row-no-center"> <div class="site-header-above-section-left site-header-section ast-flex site-header-section-left"> <div class="ast-builder-menu-2 ast-builder-menu ast-flex ast-builder-menu-2-focus-item ast-builder-layout-element site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-hb-menu-2"> <div class="ast-main-header-bar-alignment"><div class="main-header-bar-navigation"><nav class="site-navigation ast-flex-grow-1 navigation-accessibility site-header-focus-item" id="secondary_menu-site-navigation-desktop" aria-label="Site Navigation: Top Left Menu" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope"><div class="main-navigation ast-inline-flex"><ul id="ast-hf-menu-2" class="main-header-menu ast-menu-shadow ast-nav-menu ast-flex submenu-with-border stack-on-mobile ast-mega-menu-enabled"><li id="menu-item-105" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-105"><a href="https://bio.news/about/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">About</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-106" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-106"><a href="https://bio.news/contact/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Contact</span></a></li></ul></div></nav></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="site-header-above-section-right site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-section"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item ast-header-search" data-section="section-header-search"> <div class="ast-search-icon"><a class="full-screen astra-search-icon" aria-label="Search icon link" href="#"><span class="ast-icon icon-search"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="-893 488 142 142" enable-background="new -888 480 142 142" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M-787.4,568.7h-6.3l-2.4-2.4c7.9-8.7,12.6-20.5,12.6-33.1c0-28.4-22.9-51.3-51.3-51.3 c-28.4,0-51.3,22.9-51.3,51.3c0,28.4,22.9,51.3,51.3,51.3c12.6,0,24.4-4.7,33.1-12.6l2.4,2.4v6.3l39.4,39.4l11.8-11.8L-787.4,568.7 L-787.4,568.7z M-834.7,568.7c-19.7,0-35.5-15.8-35.5-35.5c0-19.7,15.8-35.5,35.5-35.5c19.7,0,35.5,15.8,35.5,35.5 C-799.3,553-815,568.7-834.7,568.7L-834.7,568.7z"/> </svg></span></a></div><div class="ast-search-menu-icon full-screen"></div> </div> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-hb-social-icons-1"> <div class="ast-header-social-1-wrap ast-header-social-wrap"><div class="header-social-inner-wrap element-social-inner-wrap social-show-label-false ast-social-color-type-custom ast-social-stack-none ast-social-element-style-filled"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/IAmBiotech" aria-label=Facebook target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #557dbc; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-facebook header-social-item"><span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d='M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z'></path></svg></span></a><a href="https://www.facebook.com/IAmBiotech" aria-label=Twitter/X target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #7acdee; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-twitter header-social-item"><span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'><path d='M18.244 2.25H21.552L14.325 10.51L22.827 21.75H16.17L10.956 14.933L4.99 21.75H1.68L9.41 12.915L1.254 2.25H8.08L12.793 8.481L18.244 2.25ZM17.083 19.77H18.916L7.084 4.126H5.117L17.083 19.77Z'/></svg></span></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/biotechnology-innovation-organization/%20" aria-label=LinkedIn target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #8a3ab9; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-instagram header-social-item"><span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d='M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z'></path></svg></span></a></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ast-main-header-wrap main-header-bar-wrap "> <div class="ast-primary-header-bar ast-primary-header main-header-bar site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-primary-header-builder"> <div class="site-primary-header-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-header-focus-item ast-container" data-section="section-primary-header-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-builder-grid-row-has-sides ast-grid-center-col-layout"> <div class="site-header-primary-section-left site-header-section ast-flex site-header-section-left"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="title_tagline"> <div class="site-branding ast-site-identity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization" itemscope="itemscope" > <span class="site-logo-img"><a href="https://bio.news/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="200" height="55" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png" class="custom-logo lazyload" alt="Bio.News" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB.png 2x" data-sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 200px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 200/55;" /><noscript><img width="200" height="55" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png" class="custom-logo lazyload" alt="Bio.News" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB.png 2x" data-sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 200px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 200/55;" /><noscript><img width="200" height="55" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png" class="custom-logo" alt="Bio.News" decoding="async" srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB.png 2x" sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" /></noscript></noscript></a><a href="https://bio.news/" class="sticky-custom-logo" rel="home" itemprop="url"><img width="182" height="55" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png" class="custom-logo lazyload" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-2.png 2x" data-sizes="(max-width: 182px) 100vw, 182px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 182px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 182/55;" /><noscript><img width="182" height="55" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png" class="custom-logo lazyload" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-2.png 2x" data-sizes="(max-width: 182px) 100vw, 182px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 182px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 182/55;" /><noscript><img width="182" height="55" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png" class="custom-logo" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-2.png 2x" sizes="(max-width: 182px) 100vw, 182px" /></noscript></noscript></a></span><div class="ast-site-title-wrap"> <span class="site-title" itemprop="name"> <a href="https://bio.news/" rel="home" itemprop="url" > Bio.News </a> </span> </div> </div>  </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-left-center site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-left-center-section"> </div> </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-center site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-section-center"> <div class="ast-builder-menu-1 ast-builder-menu ast-flex ast-builder-menu-1-focus-item ast-builder-layout-element site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-hb-menu-1"> <div class="ast-main-header-bar-alignment"><div class="main-header-bar-navigation"><nav class="site-navigation ast-flex-grow-1 navigation-accessibility site-header-focus-item" id="primary-site-navigation-desktop" aria-label="Site Navigation: Primary" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope"><div class="main-navigation ast-inline-flex"><ul id="ast-hf-menu-1" class="main-header-menu ast-menu-shadow ast-nav-menu ast-flex submenu-with-border stack-on-mobile ast-mega-menu-enabled"><li id="menu-item-32" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-32"><a href="https://bio.news/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Homepage</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-38" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-38"><a href="https://bio.news/category/health/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Health</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-34" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34"><a href="https://bio.news/category/agriculture/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Agriculture</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-36" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-36"><a href="https://bio.news/category/climate-change/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Climate Change</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-37" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-37"><a href="https://bio.news/category/federal-policy/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Federal Policy</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-40" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40"><a href="https://bio.news/category/state-policy/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">State Policy</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-39" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-39"><a href="https://bio.news/category/international/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">International</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-35" class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-35 ast-mm-has-desc"><a href="https://bio.news/category/bios-view/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">BIO’s View</span></a></li><li id="menu-item-31" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-31"><a href="https://bio.news/bio-events/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">BIO Events</span></a></li></ul></div></nav></div></div> </div> </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-right site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-section"> <div class="site-header-primary-section-right-center site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-center-section"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>  <div id="ast-mobile-header" class="ast-mobile-header-wrap " data-type="dropdown"> <div class="ast-main-header-wrap main-header-bar-wrap" > <div class="ast-primary-header-bar ast-primary-header main-header-bar site-primary-header-wrap site-header-focus-item ast-builder-grid-row-layout-default ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-layout-default ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-layout-default" data-section="section-primary-header-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row ast-builder-grid-row-has-sides ast-builder-grid-row-no-center"> <div class="site-header-primary-section-left site-header-section ast-flex site-header-section-left"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="title_tagline"> <div class="site-branding ast-site-identity" itemtype="https://schema.org/Organization" itemscope="itemscope" > <span class="site-logo-img"><a href="https://bio.news/" class="custom-logo-link" rel="home"><img width="200" height="55" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png" class="custom-logo lazyload" alt="Bio.News" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB.png 2x" data-sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 200px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 200/55;" /><noscript><img width="200" height="55" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png" class="custom-logo lazyload" alt="Bio.News" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB.png 2x" data-sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 200px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 200/55;" /><noscript><img width="200" height="55" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png" class="custom-logo" alt="Bio.News" decoding="async" srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB-200x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BIO-News-2024-Hrztl-RGB.png 2x" sizes="(max-width: 200px) 100vw, 200px" /></noscript></noscript></a><a href="https://bio.news/" class="sticky-custom-logo" rel="home" itemprop="url"><img width="182" height="55" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png" class="custom-logo lazyload" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-2.png 2x" data-sizes="(max-width: 182px) 100vw, 182px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 182px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 182/55;" /><noscript><img width="182" height="55" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png" class="custom-logo lazyload" alt="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-2.png 2x" data-sizes="(max-width: 182px) 100vw, 182px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 182px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 182/55;" /><noscript><img width="182" height="55" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png" class="custom-logo" alt="" decoding="async" srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-1-182x55.png 1x, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2023/03/Bio_News-650x197-2.png 2x" sizes="(max-width: 182px) 100vw, 182px" /></noscript></noscript></a></span><div class="ast-site-title-wrap"> <span class="site-title" itemprop="name"> <a href="https://bio.news/" rel="home" itemprop="url" > Bio.News </a> </span> </div> </div>  </div> </div> <div class="site-header-primary-section-right site-header-section ast-flex ast-grid-right-section"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-header-mobile-trigger"> <div class="ast-button-wrap"> <button type="button" class="menu-toggle main-header-menu-toggle ast-mobile-menu-trigger-minimal" aria-expanded="false"> <span class="screen-reader-text">Main Menu</span> <span class="mobile-menu-toggle-icon"> <span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg class='ast-mobile-svg ast-menu-svg' fill='currentColor' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='24' viewBox='0 0 24 24'><path d='M3 13h18c0.552 0 1-0.448 1-1s-0.448-1-1-1h-18c-0.552 0-1 0.448-1 1s0.448 1 1 1zM3 7h18c0.552 0 1-0.448 1-1s-0.448-1-1-1h-18c-0.552 0-1 0.448-1 1s0.448 1 1 1zM3 19h18c0.552 0 1-0.448 1-1s-0.448-1-1-1h-18c-0.552 0-1 0.448-1 1s0.448 1 1 1z'></path></svg></span><span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg class='ast-mobile-svg ast-close-svg' fill='currentColor' version='1.1' xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='24' height='24' viewBox='0 0 24 24'><path d='M5.293 6.707l5.293 5.293-5.293 5.293c-0.391 0.391-0.391 1.024 0 1.414s1.024 0.391 1.414 0l5.293-5.293 5.293 5.293c0.391 0.391 1.024 0.391 1.414 0s0.391-1.024 0-1.414l-5.293-5.293 5.293-5.293c0.391-0.391 0.391-1.024 0-1.414s-1.024-0.391-1.414 0l-5.293 5.293-5.293-5.293c-0.391-0.391-1.024-0.391-1.414 0s-0.391 1.024 0 1.414z'></path></svg></span> </span> </button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="ast-mobile-header-content content-align-flex-start "> <div class="ast-builder-menu-mobile ast-builder-menu ast-builder-menu-mobile-focus-item ast-builder-layout-element site-header-focus-item" data-section="section-header-mobile-menu"> <div class="ast-main-header-bar-alignment"><div class="main-header-bar-navigation"><nav class="site-navigation ast-flex-grow-1 navigation-accessibility site-header-focus-item" id="ast-mobile-site-navigation" aria-label="Site Navigation: Primary" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope"><div class="main-navigation"><ul id="ast-hf-mobile-menu" class="main-header-menu ast-nav-menu ast-flex submenu-with-border astra-menu-animation-fade stack-on-mobile ast-mega-menu-enabled"><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-home menu-item-32"><a href="https://bio.news/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Homepage</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category current-post-ancestor current-menu-parent current-post-parent menu-item-38"><a href="https://bio.news/category/health/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Health</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-34"><a href="https://bio.news/category/agriculture/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Agriculture</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-36"><a href="https://bio.news/category/climate-change/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Climate Change</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-37"><a href="https://bio.news/category/federal-policy/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">Federal Policy</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-40"><a href="https://bio.news/category/state-policy/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">State Policy</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-39"><a href="https://bio.news/category/international/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">International</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-taxonomy menu-item-object-category menu-item-35 ast-mm-has-desc"><a href="https://bio.news/category/bios-view/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">BIO’s View</span></a></li><li class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-31"><a href="https://bio.news/bio-events/" class="menu-link"><span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span><span class="menu-text">BIO Events</span></a></li></ul></div></nav></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div id="content" class="site-content"> <div class="ast-container"> <div id="primary" class="content-area primary"> <main id="main" class="site-main"> <article class="post-5221 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-bio-convention category-diversity-equity-inclusion category-health category-latest-news ast-article-single" id="post-5221" itemtype="https://schema.org/CreativeWork" itemscope="itemscope"> <div class="ast-post-format- single-layout-1 ast-no-date-box"> <header class="entry-header "> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit explores advancing equity in clinical research</h1><div class="entry-meta"><span class="posted-on"><span class="published" itemprop="datePublished"> November 21, 2024 </span></span> / <span class="ast-terms-link"><a href="https://bio.news/category/bio-convention/" class="">BIO Events</a>, <a href="https://bio.news/category/diversity-equity-inclusion/" class="">Diversity, Equity, Inclusion</a>, <a href="https://bio.news/category/health/" class="">Health</a>, <a href="https://bio.news/category/latest-news/" class="">Latest News</a></span> / By <span class="posted-by vcard author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"> <a title="View all posts by Camila Zavala" href="" rel="author" class="url fn n" itemprop="url" > <span class="author-name" itemprop="name" > Camila Zavala </span> </a> </span> </div><div class="post-thumb-img-content post-thumb"><img fetchpriority="high" width="1024" height="683" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-1024x683.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="" itemprop="image" decoding="async" srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-350x233.jpg 350w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-768x512.jpg 768w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/309_JDR_8984-2048x1365.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></div> <div class="ast-post-social-sharing"> <div class="ast-social-inner-wrap element-social-inner-wrap social-show-label-true ast-social-color-type-custom"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fbio.news%2Fhealth%2F2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university%2F" aria-label="Facebook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="ast-inline-flex ast-social-icon-a"> <div style="--color: #557dbc; --background-color:transparent;" class="ast-social-element ast-facebook-social-item"> <span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 320 512'><path d='M279.14 288l14.22-92.66h-88.91v-60.13c0-25.35 12.42-50.06 52.24-50.06h40.42V6.26S260.43 0 225.36 0c-73.22 0-121.08 44.38-121.08 124.72v70.62H22.89V288h81.39v224h100.17V288z'></path></svg></span> </div> <span class="social-item-label"> Facebook </span> </a> <a href="http://twitter.com/share?url=https%3A%2F%2Fbio.news%2Fhealth%2F2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university%2F&text=BIO%20Clinical%20Trial%20Diversity%20Summit%20explores%20advancing%20equity%20in%20clinical%20research&hashtags=BIO%20Events,Diversity,%20Equity,%20Inclusion,Health,Latest%20News" aria-label="Twitter/X" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="ast-inline-flex ast-social-icon-a"> <div style="--color: #7acdee; --background-color:transparent;" class="ast-social-element ast-twitter-social-item"> <span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'><path d='M18.244 2.25H21.552L14.325 10.51L22.827 21.75H16.17L10.956 14.933L4.99 21.75H1.68L9.41 12.915L1.254 2.25H8.08L12.793 8.481L18.244 2.25ZM17.083 19.77H18.916L7.084 4.126H5.117L17.083 19.77Z'/></svg></span> </div> <span class="social-item-label"> Twitter/X </span> </a> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?mini=true&url=https%3A%2F%2Fbio.news%2Fhealth%2F2024-bio-clinical-trial-diversity-summit-howard-university%2F&title=BIO+Clinical+Trial+Diversity+Summit+explores+advancing+equity+in+clinical+research&source=Bio.News" aria-label="Linkedin" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="ast-inline-flex ast-social-icon-a"> <div style="--color: #1c86c6; --background-color:transparent;" class="ast-social-element ast-linkedin-social-item"> <span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d='M100.28 448H7.4V148.9h92.88zM53.79 108.1C24.09 108.1 0 83.5 0 53.8a53.79 53.79 0 0 1 107.58 0c0 29.7-24.1 54.3-53.79 54.3zM447.9 448h-92.68V302.4c0-34.7-.7-79.2-48.29-79.2-48.29 0-55.69 37.7-55.69 76.7V448h-92.78V148.9h89.08v40.8h1.3c12.4-23.5 42.69-48.3 87.88-48.3 94 0 111.28 61.9 111.28 142.3V448z'></path></svg></span> </div> <span class="social-item-label"> Linkedin </span> </a> </div> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content clear" itemprop="text" > <p>On November 19, the Biotechnology Innovation Organization (BIO) Clinical Trial Diversity Summit brought together a dynamic mix of researchers, industry leaders, policymakers, and community advocates at Howard University in Washington, D.C. Organized in collaboration with Howard University and the Diversity Convergence Project, the summit addressed one of the most pressing issues in clinical research: the lack of diversity and inclusion in clinical trials.</p> <p>Through keynote addresses, panel discussions, and roundtable dialogues, participants explored actionable solutions to create a more equitable research landscape. Below are highlights from the day.</p> <h2>A new center to combat health disparities</h2> <figure id="attachment_5222" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-5222" style="width: 350px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-5222 size-medium lazyload" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-350x233.jpg" alt="" width="350" height="233" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-350x233.jpg 350w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-768x512.jpg 768w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-2048x1365.jpg 2048w" data-sizes="(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 350px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 350/233;" /><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-5222 size-medium" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-350x233.jpg" alt="" width="350" height="233" srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-350x233.jpg 350w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-768x512.jpg 768w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/063_JDR_7266-2048x1365.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" /></noscript><figcaption id="caption-attachment-5222" class="wp-caption-text"><em>Howard University President Ben Vinson III, Ph.D.</em></figcaption></figure> <p>Howard University President Ben Vinson III, Ph.D., opened the summit with remarks underscoring Howard’s commitment to addressing health disparities. Central to this mission is the announcement of the <a href="https://nationalresearchcenterforhealthdisparities.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">National Research Center for Health Disparities (NRCHD)</a>, a 200,000-square-foot facility dedicated to advancing research, policy, and talent development to improve health outcomes for underserved populations.</p> <p>“This center can have a significant influence on the direction of biological research,” said Dr. Vinson. Strategically located in the nation’s capital, the NRCHD integrates community voices with cutting-edge research, focusing on five key disease areas that disproportionately impact high-risk populations, including <a href="https://bio.news/health/stem-cell-therapy-brings-hope-for-type-1-diabetes-patients/">diabetes</a>, <a href="https://bio.news/health/world-sickle-cell-day-2024-vertex-pharmaceuticals-bluebird-bio-juneteenth/">sickle cell disease</a>, cancer, and cardiovascular conditions.</p> <p>Dr. Vinson also emphasized the need to rebuild trust with marginalized communities: “Too often, these patients have been failed by the institutions established to safeguard them. We want today’s dialogue and our new NRCHD to be part of reversing this history.”</p> <h2>Martin Mendoza, Ph.D. on the case for diversity</h2> <figure id="attachment_5223" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-5223" style="width: 350px" class="wp-caption alignleft"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-5223 size-medium lazyload" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-350x233.jpg" alt="Martin Mendoza, Ph.D., Chief Health Equity Officer at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)" width="350" height="233" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-350x233.jpg 350w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-768x512.jpg 768w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-2048x1365.jpg 2048w" data-sizes="(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 350px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 350/233;" /><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-5223 size-medium" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-350x233.jpg" alt="Martin Mendoza, Ph.D., Chief Health Equity Officer at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)" width="350" height="233" srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-350x233.jpg 350w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-768x512.jpg 768w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/069_JDR_7357-2048x1365.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px" /></noscript><figcaption id="caption-attachment-5223" class="wp-caption-text"><em>Martin Mendoza, Ph.D., Chief Health Equity Officer at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)</em></figcaption></figure> <p>Martin Mendoza, Ph.D., Chief Health Equity Officer at the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS), delivered the keynote, highlighting significant disparities in clinical trial representation.</p> <p>While minority groups comprise nearly 38% of the U.S. population, they represent less than 10% of clinical trial participants. “The lack of representation in clinical research is not only a moral issue but also a scientific concern. When minority populations do not participate in studies, the results may not adequately reflect the full spectrum of affected individuals, which can result in treatments that are ineffective or even harmful,” Dr. Mendoza noted.</p> <p>Dr. Mendoza also discussed regulatory advancements, including the Food and Drug Administration’s diversity action plans requiring Phase III trials to include populations representative of those most affected by specific diseases. Programs like the NIH’s <a href="https://www.joinallofus.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener">All of Us Research Program</a>, which has already enrolled over 846,000 participants with a focus on underrepresented groups, were presented as models for future efforts.</p> <h2>Community engagement and building trust beyond trials</h2> <p>A recurring theme was the necessity of meaningful, long-term engagement with communities. Michael Crawford, Assistant Vice President for Strategy and Innovation at Howard University, emphasized that successful partnerships require empathy and active listening.</p> <p>“You have to listen—not in a way that is transactional, but you have to be intentional and active about how you listen to the community’s needs, desires, and wants, and about what participation should look like,” Crawford explained.</p> <p>Howard University’s Community Advisory Boards (CABs) were presented as critical tools for fostering inclusive engagement. By providing platforms for community members to share their priorities, these boards enable researchers to design culturally relevant and accessible clinical trials that align with local needs and meet high technical standards. The summit also addressed the impact of social determinants of health—such as income, education, and housing—on access to clinical trials. Crawford stressed the importance of tailored outreach strategies to address these challenges and ensure trials are responsive to underserved populations.</p> <figure id="attachment_5225" aria-describedby="caption-attachment-5225" style="width: 1024px" class="wp-caption aligncenter"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-5225 size-large lazyload" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/314_JDR_9022-1024x683.jpg" alt="BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit at Howard University, November 19, 2024" width="1024" height="683" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024/683;" /><noscript><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" class="wp-image-5225 size-large" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/314_JDR_9022-1024x683.jpg" alt="BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit at Howard University, November 19, 2024" width="1024" height="683" /></noscript><figcaption id="caption-attachment-5225" class="wp-caption-text"><em>BIO Clinical Trial Diversity Summit at Howard University, November 19, 2024</em></figcaption></figure> <h2>The Diversity Convergence Project: scaling collaborative solutions</h2> <p>Led by organizations such as the <a href="https://bio.news/health/bio-ceo-john-f-crowley-calls-for-innovation-in-access-at-milken-health-summit/">Milken Institute</a>’s FasterCures and the Clinical Trials Transformation Initiative, The Diversity Convergence Project engages 200–300 stakeholders in creating actionable frameworks for equity in research. Through workshops, virtual meetings, and in-person events, the project developed a National Action Plan to establish measurable diversity goals, allocate funding for inclusive trials, and build sustainable community partnerships.</p> <p>“Our next steps are to train and bring organizations into a coalition, commit to taking actions, and assess projects over time,” said Carolyn Shore, Ph.D., Director of the Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation at the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. “The goal is to allocate funding resources for clinical trials that increase participant diversity and to define ways to empower communities over their clinical decisions.”</p> <h2>Building lasting relationships</h2> <p>The panel “Community Engagement: Building Lasting Relationships” highlighted the importance of sustainable, trust-based collaborations with community organizations to enhance clinical trial diversity. Panelists emphasized moving beyond transactional relationships to foster equitable, long-term partnerships addressing systemic barriers. Strategies like partnering with churches and nonprofits to deliver educational outreach and build trust within underserved communities were presented as effective solutions.</p> <p>The session concluded with a call to prioritize equity, respect, and cultural understanding to ensure that clinical trials are accessible, inclusive, and reflective of diverse populations.</p> <h2>Designing inclusive trials</h2> <p>The panel “Increasing Access Through Intentional Trial Designs” explored barriers preventing underserved populations from participating in clinical trials, including restrictive eligibility criteria, financial burdens, and the geographic concentration of research sites in urban areas. Speakers advocated for flexible trial protocols that remove unnecessary exclusions and leverage decentralized models and remote consent processes to reduce logistical challenges.</p> <p>By intentionally addressing these barriers, panelists underscored the need to design clinical trials that are both scientifically rigorous and representative of real-world diversity, ensuring broader access and greater impact.</p> <h2>A shared vision for the future</h2> <p>As the summit concluded, the message was clear: achieving diversity in clinical trials is both a moral imperative and a scientific necessity. By fostering trust, innovating trial designs, and building collaborative networks, the industry can ensure that medical advancements benefit all populations equitably. The work is ongoing, but the summit reinforced a shared vision: one where every community has a voice in shaping research and health outcomes.</p> </div> </div> </article> <div class=" ast-single-author-box ast-author-container--left ast-author-box-position--outside" itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" > <div class="ast-author-meta"> <div class="about-author-title-wrapper"> <h3 class="about-author">About The Author</h3> </div> <div class="ast-author-details"> <div class="post-author-avatar"><img alt='' data-src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=100&d=mm&r=g' data-srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=200&d=mm&r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-100 photo avatar-default lazyload' height='100' width='100' decoding='async' src='data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==' style='--smush-placeholder-width: 100px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 100/100;' /><noscript><img alt='' src='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=100&d=mm&r=g' srcset='https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/?s=200&d=mm&r=g 2x' class='avatar avatar-100 photo avatar-default' height='100' width='100' decoding='async'/></noscript></div> <div class="post-author-bio"> <a class="url fn n" href="" itemprop="url" rel="author" target="_self"> <h4 class="author-title" itemprop="name">Camila Zavala</h4> </a> <div class="post-author-desc"></div> </div> </div> </div></div><div class="ast-single-related-posts-container ast-container--fallback"><div class="ast-related-posts-title-section"> <h2 class="ast-related-posts-title"> Related Posts </h2> </div><div class="ast-related-posts-wrapper"> <article class="ast-related-post post-5220 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-bio-convention category-diversity-equity-inclusion category-editors-choice category-health category-latest-news"> <div class="ast-related-posts-inner-section"> <div class="ast-related-post-content"> <div class="ast-related-post-featured-section post-has-thumb"><div class="post-thumb-img-content post-thumb"><a aria-label="Read more about How clinical trial diversity is the path to health equity" href="https://bio.news/health/clinical-trial-diversity-summit-bio-health-equity/"><img width="1024" height="683" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-1024x683.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" alt="How clinical trial diversity is the path to health equity" itemprop="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-350x233.jpg 350w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-768x512.jpg 768w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-2048x1365.jpg 2048w" data-sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 1024px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1024/683;" /><noscript><img width="1024" height="683" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-1024x683.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="How clinical trial diversity is the path to health equity" itemprop="" decoding="async" srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-350x233.jpg 350w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-768x512.jpg 768w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/639_JDR_1077-2048x1365.jpg 2048w" sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px" /></noscript></a> </div></div> <header class="entry-header related-entry-header"> <h3 class="ast-related-post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://bio.news/health/clinical-trial-diversity-summit-bio-health-equity/" target="_self" rel="bookmark noopener noreferrer">How clinical trial diversity is the path to health equity</a> </h3> <div class="entry-meta ast-related-cat-style--none ast-related-tag-style--none">By <span class="posted-by vcard author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"> <a title="View all posts by Bio.News Staff" href="https://bio.news/author/bio-news-staff/" rel="author" class="url fn n" itemprop="url" > <span class="author-name" itemprop="name" > Bio.News Staff </span> </a> </span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content clear"> <p class="ast-related-post-excerpt entry-content clear"> “We are seeing an ongoing lack of participation by diverse groups in trials,” said Wayne Frederick, M.D., MBA, President Emeritus of Howard University and […] </p> <p class="ast-related-post-cta read-more"> <a class="ast-related-post-link ast-button" href="https://bio.news/health/clinical-trial-diversity-summit-bio-health-equity/" aria-label="Related post link" target="_self" rel="bookmark noopener noreferrer">Read More »</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> <article class="ast-related-post post-5216 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail hentry category-bios-view category-federal-policy category-health category-latest-news"> <div class="ast-related-posts-inner-section"> <div class="ast-related-post-content"> <div class="ast-related-post-featured-section post-has-thumb"><div class="post-thumb-img-content post-thumb"><a aria-label="Read more about How utilization management blocks patient access" href="https://bio.news/health/how-utilization-management-blocks-patient-access/"><img width="640" height="427" data-src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/national-cancer-institute-NFvdKIhxYlU-unsplash.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image lazyload" alt="Utilization management" itemprop="" decoding="async" data-srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/national-cancer-institute-NFvdKIhxYlU-unsplash.jpg 640w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/national-cancer-institute-NFvdKIhxYlU-unsplash-350x234.jpg 350w" data-sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" src="data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAAAAACH5BAEKAAEALAAAAAABAAEAAAICTAEAOw==" style="--smush-placeholder-width: 640px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 640/427;" /><noscript><img width="640" height="427" src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/national-cancer-institute-NFvdKIhxYlU-unsplash.jpg" class="attachment-large size-large wp-post-image" alt="Utilization management" itemprop="" decoding="async" srcset="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/national-cancer-institute-NFvdKIhxYlU-unsplash.jpg 640w, https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/2024/11/national-cancer-institute-NFvdKIhxYlU-unsplash-350x234.jpg 350w" sizes="(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px" /></noscript></a> </div></div> <header class="entry-header related-entry-header"> <h3 class="ast-related-post-title entry-title"> <a href="https://bio.news/health/how-utilization-management-blocks-patient-access/" target="_self" rel="bookmark noopener noreferrer">How utilization management blocks patient access</a> </h3> <div class="entry-meta ast-related-cat-style--none ast-related-tag-style--none">By <span class="posted-by vcard author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope="itemscope" itemprop="author"> <a title="View all posts by Bio.News Staff" href="https://bio.news/author/bio-news-staff/" rel="author" class="url fn n" itemprop="url" > <span class="author-name" itemprop="name" > Bio.News Staff </span> </a> </span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content clear"> <p class="ast-related-post-excerpt entry-content clear"> Insurers and pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs) in search of profits are preventing patients from getting the drugs they need, according to the latest episode […] </p> <p class="ast-related-post-cta read-more"> <a class="ast-related-post-link ast-button" href="https://bio.news/health/how-utilization-management-blocks-patient-access/" aria-label="Related post link" target="_self" rel="bookmark noopener noreferrer">Read More »</a> </p> </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="widget-area secondary" id="secondary" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPSideBar" itemscope="itemscope"> <div class="sidebar-main" > <aside id="block-8" class="widget widget_block widget_search"><form role="search" method="get" action="https://bio.news/" class="wp-block-search__button-outside wp-block-search__text-button wp-block-search" ><label class="wp-block-search__label screen-reader-text" for="wp-block-search__input-1" >Search</label><div class="wp-block-search__inside-wrapper " ><input class="wp-block-search__input" id="wp-block-search__input-1" placeholder="Search bio.news ..." value="" type="search" name="s" required /><button aria-label="GO" class="wp-block-search__button wp-element-button" type="submit" >GO</button></div></form></aside><aside id="block-10" class="widget widget_block"> <div class="wp-block-group is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained"> <h2 class="wp-block-heading" id="h-categories">Categories</h2> <ul style="margin-right:0;margin-left:0;margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--40);" class="wp-block-categories-list wp-block-categories"> <li class="cat-item cat-item-5"><a href="https://bio.news/category/agriculture/">Agriculture</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-13"><a href="https://bio.news/category/bio-convention/">BIO Events</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-36"><a href="https://bio.news/category/bio-member-think-tank/">BIO Member Think Tank</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-10"><a href="https://bio.news/category/bios-view/">BIO's View</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-14"><a href="https://bio.news/category/bioeconomy/">Bioeconomy</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-15"><a href="https://bio.news/category/biomanufacturing/">Biomanufacturing</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-35"><a href="https://bio.news/category/biosecurity/">Biosecurity</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-6"><a href="https://bio.news/category/climate-change/">Climate Change</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-16"><a href="https://bio.news/category/diversity-equity-inclusion/">Diversity, Equity, Inclusion</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-17"><a href="https://bio.news/category/editors-choice/">Editors' Choice</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-7"><a href="https://bio.news/category/federal-policy/">Federal Policy</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-4"><a href="https://bio.news/category/health/">Health</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-9"><a href="https://bio.news/category/international/">International</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-18"><a href="https://bio.news/category/latest-news/">Latest News</a> </li> <li class="cat-item cat-item-8"><a href="https://bio.news/category/state-policy/">State Policy</a> </li> </ul></div> </aside> </div> </div> </div>  </div> <footer class="site-footer" id="colophon" itemtype="https://schema.org/WPFooter" itemscope="itemscope" itemid="#colophon"> <div class="site-above-footer-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-footer-focus-item ast-builder-grid-row-full ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-full ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-full ast-footer-row-stack ast-footer-row-tablet-stack ast-footer-row-mobile-stack" data-section="section-above-footer-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row-container-inner"> <div class="ast-builder-footer-grid-columns site-above-footer-inner-wrap ast-builder-grid-row"> <div class="site-footer-above-section-1 site-footer-section site-footer-section-1"> <div class="footer-widget-area widget-area site-footer-focus-item" data-section="section-footer-menu"> <div class="footer-bar-navigation"><nav class="site-navigation ast-flex-grow-1 navigation-accessibility footer-navigation" id="footer-site-navigation" aria-label="Site Navigation: Footer Menu" itemtype="https://schema.org/SiteNavigationElement" itemscope="itemscope"><div class="footer-nav-wrap"><ul id="astra-footer-menu" class="ast-nav-menu ast-flex astra-footer-horizontal-menu astra-footer-tablet-vertical-menu astra-footer-mobile-vertical-menu"><li id="menu-item-57" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-57"><a href="https://bio.news/about/" class="menu-link">About</a></li> <li id="menu-item-56" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-56"><a href="https://bio.news/privacy-policy/" class="menu-link">Privacy Policy</a></li> <li id="menu-item-54" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-54"><a href="https://bio.news/terms-of-use/" class="menu-link">Terms of Use</a></li> <li id="menu-item-55" class="menu-item menu-item-type-post_type menu-item-object-page menu-item-55"><a href="https://bio.news/contact/" class="menu-link">Contact</a></li> </ul></div></nav></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-primary-footer-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-footer-focus-item ast-builder-grid-row-full ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-full ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-full ast-footer-row-inline ast-footer-row-tablet-stack ast-footer-row-mobile-stack" data-section="section-primary-footer-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row-container-inner"> <div class="ast-builder-footer-grid-columns site-primary-footer-inner-wrap ast-builder-grid-row"> <div class="site-footer-primary-section-1 site-footer-section site-footer-section-1"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-footer-focus-item" data-section="section-fb-social-icons-1"> <div class="ast-footer-social-1-wrap ast-footer-social-wrap"><div class="footer-social-inner-wrap element-social-inner-wrap social-show-label-false ast-social-color-type-custom ast-social-stack-none ast-social-element-style-filled"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/IAmBiotech" aria-label=Facebook target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #557dbc; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-facebook footer-social-item"><span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d='M400 32H48A48 48 0 0 0 0 80v352a48 48 0 0 0 48 48h137.25V327.69h-63V256h63v-54.64c0-62.15 37-96.48 93.67-96.48 27.14 0 55.52 4.84 55.52 4.84v61h-31.27c-30.81 0-40.42 19.12-40.42 38.73V256h68.78l-11 71.69h-57.78V480H400a48 48 0 0 0 48-48V80a48 48 0 0 0-48-48z'></path></svg></span></a><a href="https://twitter.com/iambiotech" aria-label=Twitter/X target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #7acdee; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-twitter footer-social-item"><span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 24 24'><path d='M18.244 2.25H21.552L14.325 10.51L22.827 21.75H16.17L10.956 14.933L4.99 21.75H1.68L9.41 12.915L1.254 2.25H8.08L12.793 8.481L18.244 2.25ZM17.083 19.77H18.916L7.084 4.126H5.117L17.083 19.77Z'/></svg></span></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/biotechnology-innovation-organization/%20" aria-label=LinkedIn target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" style="--color: #8a3ab9; --background-color: transparent;" class="ast-builder-social-element ast-inline-flex ast-instagram footer-social-item"><span class="ahfb-svg-iconset ast-inline-flex svg-baseline"><svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' viewBox='0 0 448 512'><path d='M416 32H31.9C14.3 32 0 46.5 0 64.3v383.4C0 465.5 14.3 480 31.9 480H416c17.6 0 32-14.5 32-32.3V64.3c0-17.8-14.4-32.3-32-32.3zM135.4 416H69V202.2h66.5V416zm-33.2-243c-21.3 0-38.5-17.3-38.5-38.5S80.9 96 102.2 96c21.2 0 38.5 17.3 38.5 38.5 0 21.3-17.2 38.5-38.5 38.5zm282.1 243h-66.4V312c0-24.8-.5-56.7-34.5-56.7-34.6 0-39.9 27-39.9 54.9V416h-66.4V202.2h63.7v29.2h.9c8.9-16.8 30.6-34.5 62.9-34.5 67.2 0 79.7 44.3 79.7 101.9V416z'></path></svg></span></a></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="site-below-footer-wrap ast-builder-grid-row-container site-footer-focus-item ast-builder-grid-row-full ast-builder-grid-row-tablet-full ast-builder-grid-row-mobile-full ast-footer-row-stack ast-footer-row-tablet-stack ast-footer-row-mobile-stack" data-section="section-below-footer-builder"> <div class="ast-builder-grid-row-container-inner"> <div class="ast-builder-footer-grid-columns site-below-footer-inner-wrap ast-builder-grid-row"> <div class="site-footer-below-section-1 site-footer-section site-footer-section-1"> <div class="ast-builder-layout-element ast-flex site-footer-focus-item ast-footer-copyright" data-section="section-footer-builder"> <div class="ast-footer-copyright"><p>Copyright © 2024 Bio.News</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </footer> <div class="ast-search-box full-screen ast-full-search-style--dark" id="ast-seach-full-screen-form"> <span id="close" class="close" tabindex="3"><span class="ast-icon icon-close"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" role="img" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" width="18px" height="18px"> <path d="M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z" /> </svg></span></span> <div class="ast-search-wrapper"> <div class="ast-container"> <h3 class="large-search-text">Start typing and press enter to search</h3> <form class="search-form" action="https://bio.news/" method="get"> <fieldset> <span class="text"> <label for="search-field" class="screen-reader-text">Search …</label> <input id="search-field" name="s" class="search-field" autocomplete="off" type="text" value="" placeholder="Search …" tabindex="1"> </span> <button aria-label="Search" id="search_submit" class="button search-submit" tabindex="2"><i class="astra-search-icon"> <span class="ast-icon icon-search"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="-893 488 142 142" enable-background="new -888 480 142 142" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M-787.4,568.7h-6.3l-2.4-2.4c7.9-8.7,12.6-20.5,12.6-33.1c0-28.4-22.9-51.3-51.3-51.3 c-28.4,0-51.3,22.9-51.3,51.3c0,28.4,22.9,51.3,51.3,51.3c12.6,0,24.4-4.7,33.1-12.6l2.4,2.4v6.3l39.4,39.4l11.8-11.8L-787.4,568.7 L-787.4,568.7z M-834.7,568.7c-19.7,0-35.5-15.8-35.5-35.5c0-19.7,15.8-35.5,35.5-35.5c19.7,0,35.5,15.8,35.5,35.5 C-799.3,553-815,568.7-834.7,568.7L-834.7,568.7z"/> </svg></span> </i></button> </fieldset> </form> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ast-scroll-top" tabindex="0" class="ast-scroll-top-icon ast-scroll-to-top-right" data-on-devices="both"> <span class="ast-icon icon-arrow"><svg class="ast-arrow-svg" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" version="1.1" x="0px" y="0px" width="26px" height="16.043px" viewBox="57 35.171 26 16.043" enable-background="new 57 35.171 26 16.043" xml:space="preserve"> <path d="M57.5,38.193l12.5,12.5l12.5-12.5l-2.5-2.5l-10,10l-10-10L57.5,38.193z"/> </svg></span> <span class="screen-reader-text">Scroll to Top</span> </div> <script type='text/javascript'> const lazyloadRunObserver = () => { const lazyloadBackgrounds = document.querySelectorAll( `.e-con.e-parent:not(.e-lazyloaded)` ); const lazyloadBackgroundObserver = new IntersectionObserver( ( entries ) => { entries.forEach( ( entry ) => { if ( entry.isIntersecting ) { let lazyloadBackground = entry.target; if( lazyloadBackground ) { lazyloadBackground.classList.add( 'e-lazyloaded' ); } lazyloadBackgroundObserver.unobserve( entry.target ); } }); }, { rootMargin: '200px 0px 200px 0px' } ); lazyloadBackgrounds.forEach( ( lazyloadBackground ) => { lazyloadBackgroundObserver.observe( lazyloadBackground ); } ); }; const events = [ 'DOMContentLoaded', 'elementor/lazyload/observe', ]; events.forEach( ( event ) => { document.addEventListener( event, lazyloadRunObserver ); } ); </script> <link rel='stylesheet' id='astra-addon-megamenu-dynamic-css' href='https://bio.news/wp-content/plugins/astra-addon/addons/nav-menu/assets/css/minified/magamenu-frontend.min.css?ver=4.8.0' media='all' /> <style id='astra-addon-megamenu-dynamic-inline-css'> .ast-desktop .menu-item-105 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-105, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-105 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-105{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-105 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-105 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-105 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-105 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-106 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-106, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-106 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-106{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-106 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-106 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-106 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-106 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-32 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-32, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-32 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-32{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-32 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-32 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-32 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-32 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-38 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-38, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-38 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-38{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-38 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-38 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-38 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-38 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-34 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-34, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-34 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-34{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-34 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-34 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-34 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-34 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-36 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-36, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-36 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-36{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-36 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-36 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-36 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-36 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-37 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-37, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-37 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-37{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-37 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-37 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-37 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-37 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-40 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-40, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-40 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-40{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-40 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-40 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-40 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-40 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-39 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-39, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-39 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-39{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-39 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-39 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-39 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-39 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-35 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-35, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-35 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-35{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-35 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-35 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-35 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-35 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-31 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-31, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-31 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-31{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-31 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-31 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-31 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-31 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-32 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-32, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-32 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-32{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-32 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-32 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-32 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-32 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-38 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-38, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-38 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-38{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-38 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-38 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-38 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-38 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-34 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-34, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-34 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-34{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-34 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-34 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-34 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-34 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-36 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-36, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-36 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-36{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-36 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-36 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-36 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-36 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-37 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-37, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-37 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-37{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-37 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-37 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-37 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-37 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-40 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-40, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-40 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-40{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-40 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-40 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-40 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-40 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-39 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-39, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-39 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-39{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-39 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-39 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-39 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-39 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-35 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-35, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-35 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-35{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-35 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-35 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-35 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-35 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-31 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-31, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-31 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-31{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;line-height:0;margin:5px;}.ast-desktop .menu-item-31 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-31 svg, .ast-header-break-point .menu-item-31 .astra-mm-icon-label.icon-item-31 svg{color:var(--ast-global-color-0);fill:var(--ast-global-color-0);width:20px;height:20px;} </style> <script id="astra-theme-js-js-extra"> var astra = {"break_point":"921","isRtl":"","is_scroll_to_id":"","is_scroll_to_top":"1","is_header_footer_builder_active":"1","revealEffectEnable":"","edit_post_url":"https:\/\/bio.news\/wp-admin\/post.php?post={{id}}&action=edit","ajax_url":"https:\/\/bio.news\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php","infinite_count":"2","infinite_total":"0","pagination":"number","infinite_scroll_event":"scroll","no_more_post_message":"No more posts to show.","grid_layout":"2","site_url":"https:\/\/bio.news","blogArchiveTitleLayout":"","blogArchiveTitleOn":"","show_comments":"Show Comments","masonryEnabled":"","blogMasonryBreakPoint":"921"}; </script> <script src="https://bio.news/wp-content/themes/astra/assets/js/minified/frontend.min.js?ver=4.7.1" id="astra-theme-js-js"></script> <script id="astra-addon-js-js-extra"> var astraAddon = {"sticky_active":"1","svgIconClose":"<span class=\"ast-icon icon-close\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 512 512\" aria-hidden=\"true\" role=\"img\" version=\"1.1\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" width=\"18px\" height=\"18px\">\n <path d=\"M71.029 71.029c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0L256 222.059l151.029-151.03c9.373-9.372 24.569-9.372 33.942 0 9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942L289.941 256l151.03 151.029c9.372 9.373 9.372 24.569 0 33.942-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0L256 289.941l-151.029 151.03c-9.373 9.372-24.569 9.372-33.942 0-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942L222.059 256 71.029 104.971c-9.372-9.373-9.372-24.569 0-33.942z\" \/>\n <\/svg><\/span>","hf_account_show_menu_on":"hover","hf_account_action_type":"link","header_main_stick":"1","header_above_stick":"0","header_below_stick":"0","stick_header_meta":"","header_main_stick_meta":"","header_above_stick_meta":"","header_below_stick_meta":"","sticky_header_on_devices":"desktop","sticky_header_style":"none","sticky_hide_on_scroll":"0","break_point":"921","tablet_break_point":"921","mobile_break_point":"544","header_main_shrink":"1","header_logo_width":"","responsive_header_logo_width":{"desktop":200,"tablet":"","mobile":""},"stick_origin_position":"","site_layout":"ast-full-width-layout","site_content_width":"1340","site_layout_padded_width":"1200","site_layout_box_width":"1200","header_builder_active":"1","component_limit":"10","is_header_builder_active":"1"}; </script> <script src="https://bio.news/wp-content/uploads/astra-addon/astra-addon-66c5a7fd7becc0-85760755.js?ver=4.8.0" id="astra-addon-js-js"></script> <script src="https://bio.news/wp-content/plugins/wp-smushit/app/assets/js/smush-lazy-load.min.js?ver=3.16.6" id="smush-lazy-load-js"></script> <script> /(trident|msie)/i.test(navigator.userAgent)&&document.getElementById&&window.addEventListener&&window.addEventListener("hashchange",function(){var t,e=location.hash.substring(1);/^[A-z0-9_-]+$/.test(e)&&(t=document.getElementById(e))&&(/^(?:a|select|input|button|textarea)$/i.test(t.tagName)||(t.tabIndex=-1),t.focus())},!1); </script>   </div> </body> </html>