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</div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%8B" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਖੋਜੋ [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>ਖੋਜ</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਖੋਜੋ" aria-label="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਖੋਜੋ" autocapitalize="sentences" title="ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਖੋਜੋ [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਖੋਜੋ"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">ਖੋਜੋ</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਫੋਂਟ ਦਾ ਆਕਾਰ, ਚੌਡ਼ਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਰੰਗ ਦੀ ਦਿੱਖ ਨੂੰ ਬਦਲੋ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਦਿੱਖ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa" class=""><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6%3A%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88+IPA" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ" class=""><span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6%3A%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88+IPA" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ਹੋਰ ਚੋਣਾਂ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa"><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6%3A%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88+IPA" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6%3A%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88+IPA" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਬਾਹਰ ਹੋਏ ਸੰਪਾਦਕਾਂ ਲਈ ਸਫ਼ੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3-%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%9B%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3" aria-label="ਸੰਪਾਦਨ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ"><span>ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ਯੋਗਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE" title="ਇਸ IP ਪਤੇ ਤੋਂ ਹੋਈਆਂ ਸੋਧਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਗੱਲਬਾਤ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ਸਾਈਟ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਹਵਾਲੇ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ਹਵਾਲੇ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">ਮਦਦ</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ ਲਈ IPA</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ਕਿਸੇ ਹੋਰ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੇਖ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ। 8 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-8" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">8 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF:%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%AC/%E0%A6%AB%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BF" title="সাহায্য:আধ্বব/ফার্সি – ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাহায্য:আধ্বব/ফার্সি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:IPA/Persian" title="Help:IPA/Persian – ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Help:IPA/Persian" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%87%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7:%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A8%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%84%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="راهنما:الفبای آوانگاری بین‌المللی فارسی – ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="راهنما:الفبای آوانگاری بین‌المللی فارسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE:IPA_for_Persian" title="विकिपीडिया:IPA for Persian – ਹਿੰਦੀ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विकिपीडिया:IPA for Persian" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ਹਿੰਦੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa_Persia" title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Persia – ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bantuan:IPA/Bahasa Persia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aiuto:AFI/Persian" title="Aiuto:AFI/Persian – ਲਾਡੀਨੋ" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Aiuto:AFI/Persian" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="ਲਾਡੀਨੋ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے فارسی – ਉਰਦੂ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="معاونت:بین الاقوامی اصواتی ابجدیہ برائے فارسی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ਉਰਦੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Help:%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E8%AA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%99" title="Help:波斯語國際音標 – ਚੀਨੀ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Help:波斯語國際音標" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ਚੀਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8615232#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ਅੰਤਰਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ ਕੜੀਆਂ ਸੋਧੋ" class="wbc-editpage">ਜੋੜ ਸੋਧੋ</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ਨਾਂ-ਥਾਂ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-help" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA" title="ਮਦਦ ਸਫ਼ਾ ਵੇਖੋ [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ਮਦਦ ਸਫ਼ਾ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਸੰਦ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="ਹੋਰ ਚੋਣਾਂ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਕਾਰਵਾਈਆਂ 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class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B9%E0%A9%9C%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%87%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%8B%E0%A9%9C%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%A8/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA" title="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ ਦੇ ਸਾਰੇ ਸਫ਼ਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਸੂਚੀ, ਜੋ ਇੱਥੇ ਜੋੜਦੇ ਹਨ [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ਇੱਥੇ ਕੀ ਆ ਕੇ ਜੁੜਦਾ ਹੈ</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%9C%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82_%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA" rel="nofollow" title="ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਤੋਂ ਜੋੜੇ ਗਏ ਸਫ਼ਿਆਂ ਵਿਚ ਹਾਲੀਆ ਤਬਦੀਲੀਆਂ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>ਸਬੰਧਤ ਤਬਦੀਲੀਆਂ</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%87" title="ਸਾਰੇ ਖ਼ਾਸ ਸਫ਼ਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਲਿਸਟ [q]" accesskey="q"><span>ਖ਼ਾਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA&oldid=242087" title="ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਇਸ ਸੋਧ ਲਈ ਸਥਾਈ ਕੜੀ"><span>ਪੱਕੀ ਕੜੀਆਂ</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>ਸਫ਼ਾ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-menu-heading"> ਛਾਪੋ / ਬਰਾਮਦ ਕਰੋ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6%3A%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80+%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88+IPA"><span>ਇੱਕ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6%3A%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA&action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF ਵਜੋਂ ਡਾਊਨਲੋਡ ਕਰੋ</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA&printable=yes" title="ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦਾ ਛਪਣਯੋਗ ਰੂਪ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>ਛਪਣਯੋਗ ਸੰਸਕਰਣ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਹੋਰ ਪ੍ਰਾਜੈਕਟਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8615232" title="ਡਾਟਾ ਭੰਡਾਰ ਦੀ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਨਾਲ ਕੜੀ ਜੋੜੋ [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ਵਿਕੀਡਾਟਾ ਆਈਟਮ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ਸਫ਼ੇ ਦੇ ਸੰਦ"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ਦਿੱਖ"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਦਿੱਖ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ, ਇੱਕ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼ ਤੋਂ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pa" dir="ltr"><p>The charts below show the way in which the <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Phonetic_Alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Phonetic Alphabet (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)</a> represents <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persian_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persian language (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Persian language</a> pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. </p><p>See <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persian_phonology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persian phonology (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Persian phonology</a> for a more thorough look at the sounds of Persian. </p> <table style="background:none;"> <tbody><tr> <td valign="top"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Consonant (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Consonants</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th>ਅੱਖਰ</th> <th>ਮਿਸਾਲਾਂ</th> <th>ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਤੁਲ </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_bilabial_plosive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced bilabial plosive (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">b</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>b</b>eet </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_alveolar_plosive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced alveolar plosive (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">d</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>d</b>en </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_postalveolar_affricate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced postalveolar affricate (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">dʒ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>j</b>azz </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_labiodental_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless labiodental fricative (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">f</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>f</b>ast </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_velar_plosive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced velar plosive (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ɡ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>g</b>ate </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_velar_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced velar fricative (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ɣ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center" rowspan="2"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><sup id="cite_ref-q_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-q-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>between <i><b>g</b>ate</i> and <i><b>h</b>at</i> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_uvular_plosive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced uvular plosive (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ɢ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_glottal_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless glottal fricative (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">h</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>h</b>at </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_palatal_approximant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced palatal approximant (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">j</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>y</b>ard </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_velar_plosive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless velar plosive (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">k</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>c</b>at<sup id="cite_ref-pt_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_alveolar_lateral_approximant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced alveolar lateral approximant (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">l</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>l</b>and </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_bilabial_nasal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced bilabial nasal (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">m</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>m</b>an<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_alveolar_nasal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced alveolar nasal (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">n</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>n</b>eck </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_bilabial_plosive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless bilabial plosive (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">p</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>p</b>en<sup id="cite_ref-pt_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_dental_and_alveolar_taps_and_flaps&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ɾ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><i>bi<b>tt</b>er</i> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=American_English&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American English (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">American English</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_alveolar_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless alveolar fricative (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">s</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>s</b>ock </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_postalveolar_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless postalveolar fricative (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ʃ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>sh</b>ah </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_alveolar_plosive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless alveolar plosive (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">t</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>t</b>all<sup id="cite_ref-pt_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_postalveolar_affricate&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless postalveolar affricate (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">tʃ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td><b>ch</b>ip<sup id="cite_ref-pt_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pt-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_labiodental_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced labiodental fricative (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">v</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>o<b>v</b>en </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiceless_velar_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiceless velar fricative (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">x</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>lo<b>ch</b> (<i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scottish_English&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Scottish English (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Scottish</a></i>) </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_alveolar_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced alveolar fricative (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">z</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>ja<b>zz</b><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_postalveolar_fricative&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced postalveolar fricative (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ʒ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>vi<b>si</b>on<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Glottal_stop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Glottal stop (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ʔ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>As in wa<b>t</b>er, be<b>tt</b>er, Le<b>t'</b>s go! in (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Cockney&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cockney (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Cockney</a>) - depar<b>t</b>ment, no<b>t</b> now! in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Received_pronounciation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Received pronounciation (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">RP</a> - See <a href="/w/index.php?title=T-glottalization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T-glottalization (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">T-glottalization</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5">Marginal consonants </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_velar_nasal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced velar nasal (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ŋ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>si<b>ng</b><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stress_(linguistics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stress (linguistics) (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Stress</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center" colspan="2"><big> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ˈ</span></big> <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong><br/><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[iˈɾɒːn]</span></big></td> <td>a<b>gain</b><br/><small></small><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%85%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA" title="ਮਦਦ:ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ ਲਈ IPA">/əˈɡeɪn/</a></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td valign="top"> <table class="wikitable" style="margin: 1em"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vowel (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Vowels</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>IPA</th> <th>Letter</th> <th>Examples</th> <th>English approximation </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Monophthong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monophthong (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Monophthongs</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Near-open_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Near-open front unrounded vowel (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">æ</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> ‎<sup id="cite_ref-short_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-short-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>b<b>a</b>t </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Open_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Open back rounded vowel (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ɒː</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>As in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Interjection&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interjection (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">interjection</a> <b>aw</b> but slightly shorter in length - similar to c<b>augh</b>t (<a href="/w/index.php?title=American_English&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="American English (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">American English</a>) or n<b>o</b>t (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Received_Pronunciation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Received Pronunciation (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">English English</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close-mid_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close-mid front unrounded vowel (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">e</a></span></big><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> ‎<sup id="cite_ref-short_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-short-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>between <i>b<b>a</b>te</i> and <i>b<b>e</b>t</i><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close_front_unrounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close front unrounded vowel (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">iː</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>b<b>ea</b>t </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close-mid_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close-mid back rounded vowel (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">o</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> ‎<sup id="cite_ref-short_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-short-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="right"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>b<b>oa</b>t (but shorter)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Close_back_rounded_vowel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Close back rounded vowel (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">uː</a></span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>b<b>oo</b>t </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="5"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diphthong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Diphthong (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Diphthongs</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ei</span></big> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>b<b>ay</b>, th<b>ey</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><big><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">ou</span></big><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td align="center"><big><strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big> </td> <td align="right"><big> <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong></big></td> <td>fl<b>ow</b> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="ਹਵਾਲੇ" data-mw-thread-id="h-ਹਵਾਲੇ"><span id=".E0.A8.B9.E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2.E0.A9.87"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-ਹਵਾਲੇ"></span>ਹਵਾਲੇ<span data-mw-comment-end="h-ਹਵਾਲੇ"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%88_IPA&action=edit&section=1" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਹਵਾਲੇ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r636460">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Persian consonants can be <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gemination&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gemination (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">geminated</a>, especially in words from <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%85%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%80" class="mw-disambig" title="ਅਰਬੀ">ਅਰਬੀ</a>. This is represented in IPA by doubling the consonant: <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[sejjed]</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-q-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-q_2-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">In <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tehrani_accent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tehrani accent (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Tehrani Persian</a>, when <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɣ/</span> (spelled either <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong> or <strong class="error"><span class="scribunto-error mw-scribunto-error-c2889832">Lua error in package.lua at line 80: module 'Module:Lang/data/iana scripts' not found.</span></strong>) occurs at the beginning and the end of a word, it is realized as a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_uvular_plosive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced uvular plosive (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">voiced uvular plosive</a> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_uvular_plosive&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced uvular plosive (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ɢ</a>]</span>, the allophone is probably influenced by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Turkic_languages&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Turkic languages (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Turkic languages</a> like <a href="/w/index.php?title=Azeri_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Azeri language (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Azeri</a>; the sounds remain distinct in Persian dialects of southern Iran and Eastern Persian dialects (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Dari_(Persian_dialect)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dari (Persian dialect) (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Dari</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tajik_language&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tajik language (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Tajik</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pt-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pt_3-0">3.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pt_3-1">3.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pt_3-2">3.2</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-pt_3-3">3.3</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">The unvoiced stops <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/p,<span class="wrap"> </span>t,<span class="wrap"> </span>tʃ,<span class="wrap"> </span>k/</span> are <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aspiration_(phonetics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aspiration (phonetics) (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">aspirated</a> much like their English counterparts: they become aspirated when they begin a syllable, though aspiration is not <a href="/w/index.php?title=Complementary_distribution&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Complementary distribution (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">contrastive</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Also an allophone of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/n/</span> before <a href="/w/index.php?title=Bilabial_consonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bilabial consonant (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">bilabial consonants</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">A <a href="/w/index.php?title=Alveolar_trill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Alveolar trill (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">trilled</a> allophone <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_alveolar_trill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced alveolar trill (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">r</a>]</span> occurs word-initially in native vocabulary (Spanish/Italian/Russian R); trill <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_alveolar_trill&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced alveolar trill (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">r</a>]</span> as a separate phoneme occurs word-medially in loanwords of especially Arabic origin as a result of gemination of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[ɾ]</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Also an allophone of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/s/</span> before <a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_consonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced consonant (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">voiced consonants</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Also an allophone of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ʃ/</span> before <a href="/w/index.php?title=Voiced_consonant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Voiced consonant (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">voiced consonants</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Velar_nasal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Velar nasal (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Velar nasal</a> [ŋ] is an allophone of /n/ before [g], [k], [ɣ], [ɢ], and [x] in native vocabulary.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Stress falls on the last stem syllable of most words. For the various exception and other clarifications, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persian_phonology&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persian phonology (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Persian phonology#Stress</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-short-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-short_10-0">10.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-short_10-1">10.1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-short_10-2">10.2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">In the modern <a href="/w/index.php?title=Persian_script&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Persian script (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Persian script</a>, the "short" vowels <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/æ/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/e/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/o/</span> are usually not written as is done in the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arabic_alphabet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arabic alphabet (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Arabic alphabet</a>; only the long vowels <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/ɒː/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/iː/</span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/uː/</span> are represented in the text. This, of course, creates certain ambiguities. </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">[e]</span> is also an allophone of <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/æ/</span> in word-final position in contemporary Iranian Persian.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-12">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Persian <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/e/</span> doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of <i>b<b>a</b>te</i> (for most English dialects) and the vowel of <i>b<b>e</b>t</i>; the Persian vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Persian <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="und-Latn-fonipa" title="Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)">/o/</span> doesn't quite line up with any English vowel, though the nearest equivalents are the vowel of <i>b<b>oa</b>t</i> (for most English dialects) and the vowel of <i>r<b>aw</b></i>; the Persian vowel is usually articulated at a point between the two.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">/ou/ becomes [o] in colloquial Tehrani dialect but is preserved in other Western dialects and standard Western Persian.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:IPA_keys_horizontal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਫਰਮਾ:IPA keys horizontal (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">ਫਰਮਾ:IPA keys horizontal</a> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ਮਦਦ:ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ_ਲਈ_IPA&oldid=242087">https://pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ਮਦਦ:ਫ਼ਾਰਸੀ_ਲਈ_IPA&oldid=242087</a>" ਤੋਂ ਲਿਆ</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ">ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:Pages_with_plain_IPA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:Pages with plain IPA (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">Pages with plain IPA</a></li><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:International_Phonetic_Alphabet_help&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:International Phonetic Alphabet help (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">International Phonetic Alphabet help</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">ਲੁਕਵੀਂ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:Pages_with_script_errors" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:Pages with script errors">Pages with script errors</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਖ਼ਰੀ ਸੋਧ 23 ਮਈ 2015 ਨੂੰ 13:50 ਵਜੇ ਹੋਈ।</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">ਇਹ ਲਿਖਤ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0</a> ਦੇ ਤਹਿਤ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ; 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