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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 15 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-15" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">15 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Joseph_Gobel" title="Jean Baptiste Joseph Gobel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Jean Baptiste Joseph Gobel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ioannes_Baptista_Ioseph_Gobel" title="Ioannes Baptista Ioseph Gobel – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ioannes Baptista Ioseph Gobel" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%AA_%DA%86%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%81_%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%84" title="جان بابتيست چوزيف جوبيل – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جان بابتيست چوزيف جوبيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C,_%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BD-%D0%91%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82" title="Гобель, Жан-Батист – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Гобель, Жан-Батист" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel" title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Jean-Baptiste Gobel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q784868#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel" title="View the content page [c]" 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0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_footnotes_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes_needed" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/40px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/60px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg/80px-Text_document_with_red_question_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article includes a list of <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#General_references" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">general references</a>, but <b>it lacks sufficient corresponding <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#Inline_citations" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">inline citations</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help to <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Reliability" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Reliability">improve</a> this article by <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:When_to_cite" title="Wikipedia:When to cite">introducing</a> more precise citations.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jean-Baptiste_Gobel_(1727-1794).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel_%281727-1794%29.jpg/220px-Jean-Baptiste_Gobel_%281727-1794%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel_%281727-1794%29.jpg/330px-Jean-Baptiste_Gobel_%281727-1794%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Jean-Baptiste_Gobel_%281727-1794%29.jpg/440px-Jean-Baptiste_Gobel_%281727-1794%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="3008" /></a><figcaption>Jean-Baptiste Gobel (1727-1794)</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">French pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="fr-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/French" title="Help:IPA/French">[ʒɑ̃<span class="wrap"> </span>batist<span class="wrap"> </span>ʒozɛf<span class="wrap"> </span>ɡɔbɛl]</a></span>; 1 September 1727 – 13 April 1794) was a French <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a> cleric and politician of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">Revolution</a>. He was executed during the <a href="/wiki/Reign_of_Terror" title="Reign of Terror">Reign of Terror</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gobel was born in the town of <a href="/wiki/Thann,_Haut-Rhin" title="Thann, Haut-Rhin">Thann</a> in <a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a> to a lawyer to the Sovereign Council of Alsace and tax collector for the <a href="/wiki/Seigneury" class="mw-redirect" title="Seigneury">Seigneury</a> of Thann. After outstanding success in his early schooling in <a href="/wiki/Porrentruy" title="Porrentruy">Porrentruy</a>, he studied at the <a href="/wiki/Jesuit" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuit">Jesuit</a> college in <a href="/wiki/Colmar" title="Colmar">Colmar</a>, then <a href="/wiki/Theology" title="Theology">theology</a> in the <a href="/wiki/German_College" class="mw-redirect" title="German College">German College</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a>, from which he graduated in 1743. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Clerical_career">Clerical career</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Clerical career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Gobel was ordained a Catholic priest in 1750 and then became a member of the <a href="/wiki/Cathedral_chapter" title="Cathedral chapter">cathedral chapter</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Prince-Bishopric_of_Basel" title="Prince-Bishopric of Basel">Prince-Bishop of Basel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simon_Nikolaus_Euseb_von_Montjoye-Hirsingen" title="Simon Nikolaus Euseb von Montjoye-Hirsingen">Simon Nikolaus Euseb von Montjoye-Hirsingen</a>, based in <a href="/wiki/Porrentruy" title="Porrentruy">Porrentruy</a>, In 1771 he was appointed the <a href="/wiki/Auxiliary_bishop" title="Auxiliary bishop">auxiliary bishop</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Diocese" title="Diocese">diocese</a> for the section that was situated in French territory, being named by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Titular_bishop" title="Titular bishop">titular bishop</a> <i><a href="/wiki/In_partibus" class="mw-redirect" title="In partibus">in partibus</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Lod" title="Lod">Lydda</a>. He consecrated the next Prince-Bishop, <a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Ludwig_Franz_von_Wangen_zu_Geroldseck" title="Friedrich Ludwig Franz von Wangen zu Geroldseck">Friedrich Ludwig Franz von Wangen zu Geroldseck</a>, on 3 March 1776.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Found to have been living beyond his means, he was relieved of his duties by Wangen zu Geroldseck's successor, <a href="/wiki/Franz_Joseph_Sigismund_von_Roggenbach" title="Franz Joseph Sigismund von Roggenbach">Franz Joseph Sigismund von Roggenbach</a>, in 1782. After this he began to espouse "reformist" ideas.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> His political life began when he was elected deputy to the <a href="/wiki/Estates-General_of_1789" class="mw-redirect" title="Estates-General of 1789">Estates-General of 1789</a> by the clergy of the <a href="/wiki/Bailiwick" title="Bailiwick">Bailiwick</a> of <a href="/wiki/Huningue" title="Huningue">Huningue</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The turning-point of his life was Gobel's action in taking the oath of the <a href="/wiki/Civil_Constitution_of_the_Clergy" title="Civil Constitution of the Clergy">Civil Constitution of the Clergy</a> (3 January 1791), in favour of which he had declared himself since 5 May 1790. The document gave the appointment of priests to the electoral assemblies, and, after taking the oath, Gobel had become so popular that he was elected <a href="/wiki/Constitutional_bishop" class="mw-redirect" title="Constitutional bishop">constitutional bishop</a> in several dioceses. He chose the <a href="/wiki/Archbishop_of_Paris" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishop of Paris">Archbishopric of Paris</a>, and in spite of the difficulties which he had to encounter before he could enter into possession, he took up office on 17 March 1791<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and was consecrated on 27 March by eight bishops, including <a href="/wiki/Charles_Maurice_de_Talleyrand-P%C3%A9rigord" title="Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord">Charles Maurice de Talleyrand</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This action was rejected by the <a href="/wiki/Holy_See" title="Holy See">Holy See</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which has never recognized him as a legitimate holder of the office, and continues to hold the <a href="/wiki/Canon_law_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon law (Catholic Church)">canonical</a> archbishop, <a href="/wiki/Antoine-El%C3%A9onore-L%C3%A9on_Le_Clerc_de_Juign%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine-Eléonore-Léon Le Clerc de Juigné">Antoine-Eléonore-Léon Le Clerc de Juigné</a>, as the legitimate Archbishop of Paris during that period.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics">Politics</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 8 November 1792, Gobel was appointed administrator of Paris. His public display of <a href="/wiki/Anti-clericalism" title="Anti-clericalism">anti-clericalism</a> was most likely a careful tactic to ensure the sympathy of politicians: among other things, he declared himself opposed to <a href="/wiki/Clerical_celibacy" title="Clerical celibacy">clerical celibacy</a>. On the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolutionary_Calendar" class="mw-redirect" title="French Revolutionary Calendar">17th Brumaire in the year II</a> (7 November 1793),<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> he came before the bar of the <a href="/wiki/National_Convention" title="National Convention">National Convention</a> for his activities as civil commissioner in Porrentruy, and, in a famous scene, resigned his episcopal functions, proclaiming that he did so for love of the people, and through respect for their wishes. The previous night, a delegation from the Commune led by <a href="/wiki/Jacques_H%C3%A9bert" title="Jacques Hébert">Hébert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Gaspard_Chaumette" title="Pierre Gaspard Chaumette">Chaumette</a> and <a href="/wiki/Anacharsis_Cloots" title="Anacharsis Cloots">Cloots</a> had demanded that he publicly renounce his faith or be put to death by the people.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The followers of <a href="/wiki/Jacques_H%C3%A9bert" title="Jacques Hébert">Jacques Hébert</a>, who were then pursuing their <a href="/wiki/Dechristianisation_of_France_during_the_French_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="Dechristianisation of France during the French Revolution">anti-Christian policy</a>, claimed Gobel as their representative.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the same time, Hébert's rival <a href="/wiki/Maximilien_Robespierre" title="Maximilien Robespierre">Maximilien Robespierre</a> viewed Gobel as an <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheist</a> – although he was not accused of <a href="/wiki/Apostasy" title="Apostasy">apostasy</a>, and never publicly professed <a href="/wiki/Atheism" title="Atheism">atheism</a>. </p><p>Robespierre's vision of a <a href="/wiki/Deism" title="Deism">deist</a> <a href="/wiki/Cult_of_the_Supreme_Being" title="Cult of the Supreme Being">Cult of the Supreme Being</a> was threatened by the opposition of atheist <a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9bertists" title="Hébertists">Hébertists</a> (<i>see <a href="/wiki/Cult_of_Reason" title="Cult of Reason">Cult of Reason</a></i>), and Gobel shared the fate of the latter. Imprisoned, he was found guilty of the so-called '<a href="/w/index.php?title=Luxembourg_prison_plot%27&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Luxembourg prison plot' (page does not exist)">Luxembourg prison plot'</a> together with <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Gaspard_Chaumette" title="Pierre Gaspard Chaumette">Chaumette</a>; <a href="/wiki/Lucile_Duplessis" class="mw-redirect" title="Lucile Duplessis">Lucile Desmoulins</a>, wife of the recently executed <a href="/wiki/Camille_Desmoulins" title="Camille Desmoulins">Camille Desmoulins</a>; <a href="/wiki/Marie_Marguerite_Fran%C3%A7oise_H%C3%A9bert" title="Marie Marguerite Françoise Hébert">Françoise Hebert</a>, wife of the recently executed Hébert; and an assortment of other prisoners of various types.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gobel, on being thrown into prison, suffered the agonies of acute remorse. He hastened to do all in his power to repair his misconduct; he sent his written confession to the Abbé Lothringer, and signed the document, not as bishop of Paris, but of Lydda. He entreated the Abbé to give him the benefit of his ministrations in his last moments, to come to the <a href="/wiki/Conciergerie" title="Conciergerie">Conciergerie</a> at the time when he was leaving it for the guillotine, and to pronounce over him the form of <a href="/wiki/Absolution" title="Absolution">absolution</a>, not forgetting the clause "ab omni vinculo excommunicationis".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gobel's penitence was likewise attested by the Abbé Emery and the Abbé Gaston de Sambucy.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>All of the alleged conspirators were sentenced to death on the morning of 13 April and guillotined that same afternoon. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1790 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/opiniondemlevequ00gobe"><i>Opinion de M. l'évêque de Lydda sur le rapport du Comité ecclésiastique concernant l'organisation du clergé. Proposée à l'Assemblée nationale en la séance du mardi premier juin 1790</i></a></li> <li>1790 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lettredemonsieur00gobe"><i>Lettre de Monsieur l'évêque de Lydda, député d'Alsace, département du Haut-Rhin, écrite a ses commettans, relativement à la déclaration d'une partie de l'Assemblée nationale, sur le décret rendu le 13 avril 1790, concernant la religion</i></a></li> <li>1790 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/case_frc_19126_19127/page/n1/mode/2up"><i>Correspondance du reverend évêque de Lydda, avec ses commettans</i></a></li> <li>1791 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/problmeintressan00unse"><i>Problême intéressant proposé a M. l'Évêque de Lydda</i></a> [i.e. Jean Baptiste Joseph Gobel]</li> <li>1791 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/mandementdejeanb00gobe"><i>Mandement de Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobet [sic], évêque de Lidda et de Paris, sur la mort d'Honoré Riquetti-Mirabeau</i></a></li> <li>1791 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lettredemonsieur00gobe_0"><i>Lettre de Monsieur l'évêque métropolitain de Paris, contenant des vues de pacification sur les troubles actuels de l'Église de France. En réponse à celle de M. Charrier de La Roche, lui annonçant sa démission de l'evêché métropolitain de Rouen</i></a></li> <li>1791 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/lettrepastoraled00gobe"><i>Lettre pastorale de Monsieur l'évêque métropolitain de Paris, au clergé & aux fidèles de son diocèse</i></a></li> <li>1791 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/accorddesvraispr00lebr"><i>Accord des vrais principes de l'Église, de la morale, et de la raison, sur la Constitution civile du clergé de France</i></a></li> <li>1792 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=jD5hAAAAcAAJ"><i>Mandement de l'eveque de Paris, portant abolition du Careme, et prorogation du carnaval</i></a></li> <li>1793 - <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6uUt-2EcquEC"><i>Mémoire justificatif pour le citoyen Gobel, évêque métropolitain de Paris</i></a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bwangen.html">"Bishop Friedrich Ludwig Franz von Wangen zu Geroldseck"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic-Hierarchy.org" title="Catholic-Hierarchy.org">Catholic-Hierarchy.org</a></i>. David M. Cheney<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic-Hierarchy.org&rft.atitle=Bishop+Friedrich+Ludwig+Franz+von+Wangen+zu+Geroldseck&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic-hierarchy.org%2Fbishop%2Fbwangen.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJean-Baptiste-Joseph+Gobel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-EB1911-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-EB1911_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Gobel,_Jean_Baptiste_Joseph" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Gobel, Jean Baptiste Joseph">Gobel, Jean Baptiste Joseph</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 165.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Gobel%2C+Jean+Baptiste+Joseph&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=165&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJean-Baptiste-Joseph+Gobel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chronicle of the French Revolution, Longman 1989 p.202</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chronicle of the French Revolution, Longman 1989 p.206</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bleclj.html">"Archbishop Antoine-Eléonore-Léon Le Clerc de Juigné"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic-Hierarchy.org" title="Catholic-Hierarchy.org">Catholic-Hierarchy.org</a></i>. David M. Cheney<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 January</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Catholic-Hierarchy.org&rft.atitle=Archbishop+Antoine-El%C3%A9onore-L%C3%A9on+Le+Clerc+de+Juign%C3%A9&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.catholic-hierarchy.org%2Fbishop%2Fbleclj.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJean-Baptiste-Joseph+Gobel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Citizens, Simon Schama, Penguin 1989 p.778</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chronicle of the French Revolution, Longman 1989 p.381</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Citizens, Simon Schama, Penguin 1989 p.778</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Chronicle of the French Revolution, Longman 1989, p.416-417</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Élisabeth Liris et Jean-Maurice Bizière, <i>La Révolution et la mort</i>, Toulouse, Presses Univ. du Mirail, 1991, p. 94.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilliam_Henley_Jervis1882" class="citation book cs1">William Henley Jervis (1882). <i>The Gallican Church and the Revolution. A Sequel to the 'History of the Church of France from the Concordat of Bologna to the Revolution'<span></span></i>. K. Paul, Trench, & Company. p. 253.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Gallican+Church+and+the+Revolution.+A+Sequel+to+the+%27History+of+the+Church+of+France+from+the+Concordat+of+Bologna+to+the+Revolution%27&rft.pages=253&rft.pub=K.+Paul%2C+Trench%2C+%26+Company&rft.date=1882&rft.au=William+Henley+Jervis&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AJean-Baptiste-Joseph+Gobel" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_references">General references</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste-Joseph_Gobel&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: General references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Victor_Alphonse_Aulard" title="François Victor Alphonse Aulard">François Victor Alphonse Aulard</a>, "La Culte de la raison" in the review <i>La Révolution Française</i> (1891).</li> <li>Étienne Charavay, <i>Assemble electorale de Paris</i> (Paris, 1890).</li> <li>H. Monin, <i>La Chanson et l'Eglise sous la Révolution</i> (Paris, 1892).</li> <li>"Episcopat de Gobel" in vol. iii. (1900) of <a href="/wiki/Jean_Maurice_Tourneux" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Maurice Tourneux">Jean Maurice Tourneux</a>, <i>Bibliographie de l'histoire de Paris pendant la Rév. Fr.</i></li></ul></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FABE60;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church titles</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Antoine-El%C3%A9onore-L%C3%A9on_Le_Clerc_de_Juign%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine-Eléonore-Léon Le Clerc de Juigné">Antoine-Eléonore-Léon Le Clerc de Juigné</a> (Vatican-recognized Archbishop until 1802)</div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_Paris" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Paris">Constitutional Archbishop of Paris</a> </b><br />1791–1794 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold">Abolished under the <a href="/wiki/First_French_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="First French Republic">First French Republic</a><br />Restored 1802: <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_de_Belloy" title="Jean-Baptiste de Belloy">Jean-Baptiste de Belloy</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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title="Hardouin de Péréfixe de Beaumont">Hardouin de Péréfixe de Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Harlay_de_Champvallon" title="François de Harlay de Champvallon">François de Harlay de Champvallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis-Antoine_de_Noailles" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis-Antoine de Noailles">Louis-Antoine de Noailles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles-Gaspard-Guillaume_de_Vintimille_du_Luc" title="Charles-Gaspard-Guillaume de Vintimille du Luc">Charles-Gaspard-Guillaume de Vintimille du Luc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Bonne-Gigault_de_Bellefonds" class="mw-redirect" title="Jacques Bonne-Gigault de Bellefonds">Jacques Bonne-Gigault de Bellefonds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christophe_de_Beaumont" title="Christophe de Beaumont">Christophe de Beaumont</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine-El%C3%A9onore-L%C3%A9on_Le_Clerc_de_Juign%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Antoine-Eléonore-Léon Le Clerc de Juigné">Antoine-Eléonore-Léon Le Clerc de Juigné</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">After the<br /><a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a><br />(1779)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_de_Belloy-Morangle" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean Baptiste de Belloy-Morangle">Jean Baptiste de Belloy-Morangle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Sifrein_Maury" title="Jean-Sifrein Maury">Jean-Sifrein Maury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandre-Ang%C3%A9lique_Talleyrand_de_P%C3%A9rigord" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandre-Angélique Talleyrand de Périgord">Alexandre-Angélique Talleyrand de Périgord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyacinthe-Louis_De_Quelen" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyacinthe-Louis De Quelen">Hyacinthe-Louis De 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