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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Bus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mainline_rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mainline_rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Mainline rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mainline_rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Road_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Road_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Road transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Road_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Santiago_Calatrava_designed_bridge" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Santiago_Calatrava_designed_bridge"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Santiago Calatrava designed bridge</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Santiago_Calatrava_designed_bridge-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Light_rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Light_rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Light rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Light_rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Local government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Local_government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Local government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Local_government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Council_heads_and_mayors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Council_heads_and_mayors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Council heads and mayors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Council_heads_and_mayors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Schools_and_religious_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Schools_and_religious_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Schools and religious institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Schools_and_religious_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Health_care" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Health_care"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Health care</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Health_care-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Landmarks_and_cultural_institutions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks_and_cultural_institutions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Landmarks and cultural institutions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landmarks_and_cultural_institutions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Archaeology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Archaeology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Archaeology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Archaeology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 64 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-64" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">64 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petach_Tikwa" title="Petach Tikwa – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Petach Tikwa" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%81%D8%A7" title="بتاح تكفا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بتاح تكفا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%A6%DC%AC%DC%9A_%DC%AC%DC%A9%DC%98%DC%90" title="ܦܬܚ ܬܩܘܐ – Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܦܬܚ ܬܩܘܐ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petax-T%C4%B1kva" title="Petax-Tıkva – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Petax-Tıkva" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85-%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Петах-Тиква – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Петах-Тиква" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85-%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Петах-Тыква – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Петах-Тыква" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85-%D0%A2%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Пэтах-Тыква – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пэтах-Тыква" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Петах Тиква – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Петах Тиква" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9tah_Tiqv%C3%A0" title="Pétah Tiqvà – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pétah Tiqvà" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peta%E1%BA%96_Tiqwa" title="Petaẖ Tiqwa – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Petaẖ Tiqwa" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petach_Tikva" title="Petach Tikva – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Petach Tikva" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tiqwa" title="Petah Tiqwa – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Petah Tiqwa" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petach_Tikwa" title="Petach Tikwa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Petach Tikwa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peta%E1%BA%96-Tikva" title="Petaẖ-Tikva – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Petaẖ-Tikva" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%84%CE%AC%CF%87_%CE%A4%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B2%CE%B1" title="Πετάχ Τίκβα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πετάχ Τίκβα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petaj_Tikva" title="Petaj Tikva – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Petaj Tikva" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peta%C4%A5_Tikva" title="Petaĥ Tikva – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Petaĥ Tikva" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%AA%D8%AE_%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D8%A7" title="پتخ تیکوا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پتخ تیکوا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8E%98%ED%83%80%ED%8B%B0%ED%81%AC%EB%B0%94" title="페타티크바 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="페타티크바" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B0_%D5%8F%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%BE%D5%A1" title="Պետահ Տիկվա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պետահ Տիկվա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85-%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Петах-Тиква – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Петах-Тиква" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tiqwa" title="Petah Tiqwa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Petah Tiqwa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%94" title="פתח תקווה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פתח תקווה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petach_Tikva" title="Petach Tikva – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Petach Tikva" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1_%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5" title="പെറ്റ ടിക്വ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പെറ്റ ടിക്വ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9" title="पेताह तिक्वाह – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पेताह तिक्वाह" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%AD_%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%81%D8%A7" title="بتاح تكفا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بتاح تكفا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85-%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Петах-Тиква – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Петах-Тиква" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petach_Tikwa" title="Petach Tikwa – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Petach Tikwa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9A%E3%82%BF%E3%83%95%E3%83%BB%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AF%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A1" title="ペタフ・ティクヴァ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ペタフ・ティクヴァ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tiqwa" title="Petah Tiqwa – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Petah Tiqwa" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petach_Tikwa" title="Petach Tikwa – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Petach Tikwa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85-%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Петах-Тиква – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Петах-Тиква" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petach_Tikwa" title="Petach Tikwa – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Petach Tikwa" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%AA%D8%A7_%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%A9%DA%A4%D8%A7" title="پێتا تیکڤا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێتا تیکڤا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85_%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Петах Тиква – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Петах Тиква" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peta%E1%BA%96_Tiqwa" title="Petaẖ Tiqwa – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Petaẖ Tiqwa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B2" title="เปตะห์ติกวา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เปตะห์ติกวา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85-%D0%A2%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0" title="Петах-Тіква – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Петах-Тіква" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%AD_%D8%AA%D9%82%D9%88%DB%81" title="فتح تقوہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فتح تقوہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petah_Tikva" title="Petah Tikva – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Petah Tikva" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E5%A1%94%E6%8F%90%E5%85%8B%E7%93%A6" title="佩塔提克瓦 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="佩塔提克瓦" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94" title="פתח תקוה – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פתח תקוה" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E5%A1%94%E6%8F%90%E5%85%8B%E7%93%A6" title="佩塔提克瓦 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="佩塔提克瓦" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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It allows adding a reason in the summary.">undo</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-userlink" title="User:רמרום (page does not exist)" data-mw-revid="1259365168"><bdi>רמרום</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:רמרום">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9D" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/רמרום">contribs</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Extended_confirmed_editors" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Extended confirmed editors">Extended confirmed users</a></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>929</span> edits</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">Undid revision <a href="/wiki/Special:Diff/1259364582" title="Special:Diff/1259364582">1259364582</a> by <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/78.93.119.66" title="Special:Contributions/78.93.119.66">78.93.119.66</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=User_talk:78.93.119.66&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="User talk:78.93.119.66 (page does not exist)">talk</a>) Vandalism</span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"><span class="mw-tag-markers"><a href="/wiki/Special:Tags" title="Special:Tags">Tag</a>: <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mw-undo"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Undo" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Undo">Undo</a></span></span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"> </div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 1:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>{{Short description|City in Israel}}<del class="diffchange diffchange-inline"> stolen from the Palestinians</del></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>{{Short description|City in Israel}}</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>{{Infobox settlement</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>{{Infobox settlement</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>| name = Petah Tikva</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>| name = Petah Tikva</div></td> </tr>  </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Latest revision as of 20:00, 24 November 2024</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Israel</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Israel</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Petah Tikva</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Hebrew-language text"><span lang="he" dir="rtl"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1241449095">.mw-parser-output .script-hebrew,.mw-parser-output .script-Hebr{font-family:"Ezra SIL SR","Ezra SIL","SBL Hebrew","Taamey Frank CLM","SBL BibLit","Taamey Ashkenaz","Frank Ruehl CLM","Keter Aram Tsova","Taamey David CLM","Keter YG","Shofar","David CLM","Hadasim CLM","Simple CLM","Nachlieli",Cardo,Alef,"Noto Serif Hebrew","Noto Sans Hebrew","David Libre",David,"Times New Roman",Gisha,Arial,FreeSerif,FreeSans}</style><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פתח תקווה</span>‎</span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Israel" title="List of cities in Israel">City</a> (from 1937)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Hebrew transcription(s)</th></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Also spelled</th><td class="infobox-data">Petah Tiqwa (official)<br />Petach Tikva, Petach Tikvah (unofficial)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Petah_Tikva_2023.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Petah_Tikva_2023.jpg/250px-Petah_Tikva_2023.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Petah_Tikva_2023.jpg/375px-Petah_Tikva_2023.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Petah_Tikva_2023.jpg/500px-Petah_Tikva_2023.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2880" data-file-height="2880" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_Petah-Tiqua.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Petah Tikva"><img alt="Official logo of Petah Tikva" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_arms_of_Petah-Tiqua.svg/92px-Coat_of_arms_of_Petah-Tiqua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="92" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_arms_of_Petah-Tiqua.svg/138px-Coat_of_arms_of_Petah-Tiqua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Coat_of_arms_of_Petah-Tiqua.svg/184px-Coat_of_arms_of_Petah-Tiqua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="876" data-file-height="954" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Emblem of Petah Tikva</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel_outline_center_ta.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Petah Tikva is located in Central Israel"><img alt="Petah Tikva is located in Central Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Israel_outline_center_ta.png/250px-Israel_outline_center_ta.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Israel_outline_center_ta.png/375px-Israel_outline_center_ta.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Israel_outline_center_ta.png/500px-Israel_outline_center_ta.png 2x" data-file-width="792" data-file-height="561" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:52.517%;left:77.069%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Petah Tikva"><img alt="Petah Tikva" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Petah Tikva</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Central Israel</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Petah Tikva is located in Israel"><img alt="Petah Tikva is located in Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Israel_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Israel_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="465" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Israel_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Israel_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Israel_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Israel_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="1141" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:33.598%;left:45.63%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Petah Tikva"><img alt="Petah Tikva" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Petah Tikva</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Israel</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Petah_Tikva&params=32_05_20_N_34_53_11_E_region:IL_type:city(255387)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">32°05′20″N</span> <span class="longitude">34°53′11″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">32.08889°N 34.88639°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">32.08889; 34.88639</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Grid position</th><td class="infobox-data">139/166 <a href="/wiki/Palestine_grid" title="Palestine grid">PAL</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Country</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Israel" title="Districts of Israel">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_District_(Israel)" title="Central District (Israel)">Central</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1878<span class="noprint">; 146 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1878</span>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rami_Greenberg" title="Rami Greenberg">Rami Greenberg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Likud" title="Likud">Likud</a>)</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">35,868 <a href="/wiki/Dunam" title="Dunam">dunams</a> (35.868 km<sup>2</sup> or 13.849 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022)<sup id="cite_ref-Israelpopulations_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israelpopulations-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">255,387</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">7,100/km<sup>2</sup> (18,000/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Ethnicity<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-Israelpopulations_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israelpopulations-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Israeli_Jews" title="Israeli Jews">Jews and others</a></th><td class="infobox-data">99.8%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Arab_citizens_of_Israel" title="Arab citizens of Israel">Arabs</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0.2%</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Name meaning</th><td class="infobox-data">Opening of hope</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/">www<wbr />.petah-tikva<wbr />.muni<wbr />.il</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Petah Tikva</b> (<a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>: <span lang="he" dir="rtl"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1241449095"><span class="script-hebrew" style="font-size: 110%;" dir="rtl">פתח תקווה</span>‎</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="he-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hebrew" title="Help:IPA/Hebrew">[ˈpetaχ<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈtikva]</a></span>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Opening of Hope</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), also known as <b>Em HaMoshavot</b> (<abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">Mother of the <i><a href="/wiki/Moshava" title="Moshava">Moshavot</a></i></span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), is a city in the <a href="/wiki/Central_District_(Israel)" title="Central District (Israel)">Central District</a> of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>, 10.6 km (6.6 mi) east of <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>. It was founded in 1878, mainly by <a href="/wiki/Haredi_Judaism" title="Haredi Judaism">Haredi Jews</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Old_Yishuv" title="Old Yishuv">Old Yishuv</a>, and became a permanent settlement in 1883 with the financial help of <a href="/wiki/Edmond_James_de_Rothschild" title="Edmond James de Rothschild">Baron Edmond de Rothschild</a>. </p><p>In 2022, the city had a population of 255,387,<sup id="cite_ref-Israelpopulations_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Israelpopulations-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> being so the <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Israel" title="List of cities in Israel">fifth-largest city</a> in Israel. Its population density is approximately 6,277 inhabitants per square kilometre (16,260/sq mi). Its jurisdiction covers 35,868 <a href="/wiki/Dunam" title="Dunam">dunams</a> (~35.9 km<sup>2</sup> or 15 sq mi). Petah Tikva is part of the <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area">Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Petah Tikva takes its name (meaning "Door of Hope") from the biblical allusion in <a href="/wiki/Hosea" title="Hosea">Hosea</a> 2:15: "... and make the valley of Achor a door of hope."<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Achor_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Achor Valley">Achor Valley</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">Jericho</a>, was the original proposed location for the town. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Moshava_Petach_Tikva._1911_(id.13975687).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Moshava_Petach_Tikva._1911_%28id.13975687%29.jpg/250px-Moshava_Petach_Tikva._1911_%28id.13975687%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Moshava_Petach_Tikva._1911_%28id.13975687%29.jpg/375px-Moshava_Petach_Tikva._1911_%28id.13975687%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Moshava_Petach_Tikva._1911_%28id.13975687%29.jpg/500px-Moshava_Petach_Tikva._1911_%28id.13975687%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="810" /></a><figcaption>Petah Tikva in 1911</figcaption></figure> <p>Tell Mulabbis, an <a href="/wiki/Tell_(archaeology)" title="Tell (archaeology)">archaeological mound</a> in modern Petah Tikva, is an important archaeological site from the <a href="/wiki/Yarkon_River" title="Yarkon River">Yarkon River</a> basin, with habitation remains from the Roman, Byzantine, Early Islamic, Crusader, Mamluk and Late Ottoman periods.<sup id="cite_ref-Marom_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The place was inhabited sporadically, and was known in Arabic as <b><a href="/wiki/Mulabbes" class="mw-redirect" title="Mulabbes">Mulabbis</a></b>, and was the site of a <a href="/wiki/Palestinians" title="Palestinians">Palestinian village</a> of the same name, inhabited by the Abu Hamed al-Masri clan.<sup id="cite_ref-Marom_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marom-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_1204_Settlements_in_Israel_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/PikiWiki_Israel_1204_Settlements_in_Israel_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94.jpg/220px-PikiWiki_Israel_1204_Settlements_in_Israel_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/PikiWiki_Israel_1204_Settlements_in_Israel_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94.jpg/330px-PikiWiki_Israel_1204_Settlements_in_Israel_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/PikiWiki_Israel_1204_Settlements_in_Israel_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94.jpg/440px-PikiWiki_Israel_1204_Settlements_in_Israel_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="488" /></a><figcaption>Petah Tikva in the 1920s</figcaption></figure> <p>Petah Tikva was founded in 1878 by Jewish settlers from Europe, among them <a href="/wiki/Yehoshua_Stampfer" title="Yehoshua Stampfer">Yehoshua Stampfer</a>, Moshe Shmuel Raab, <a href="/wiki/Yoel_Moshe_Salomon" title="Yoel Moshe Salomon">Yoel Moshe Salomon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zerach_Barnett" class="mw-redirect" title="Zerach Barnett">Zerach Barnett</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and David Gutmann, as well as <a href="/wiki/Lithuania" title="Lithuania">Lithuanian</a> Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Aryeh_Leib_Frumkin" title="Aryeh Leib Frumkin">Aryeh Leib Frumkin</a> who built the first house.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the first modern Jewish agricultural settlement in <a href="/wiki/Mutasarrifate_of_Jerusalem" title="Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem">Ottoman Southern Syria</a> (hence its nickname as "Mother of the <a href="/wiki/Moshava" title="Moshava">Moshavot</a>"). </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VIEW_OF_PETAH_TIKVA._%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94.D29-101.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/VIEW_OF_PETAH_TIKVA._%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94.D29-101.jpg/250px-VIEW_OF_PETAH_TIKVA._%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94.D29-101.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/VIEW_OF_PETAH_TIKVA._%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94.D29-101.jpg/375px-VIEW_OF_PETAH_TIKVA._%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94.D29-101.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/VIEW_OF_PETAH_TIKVA._%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94.D29-101.jpg/500px-VIEW_OF_PETAH_TIKVA._%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94.D29-101.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>Petah Tikva in 1936</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003051.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003051.jpeg/220px-%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003051.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003051.jpeg/330px-%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003051.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003051.jpeg/440px-%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%91%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003051.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="398" /></a><figcaption>Petah Tikva in 1936</figcaption></figure> <p>Originally intending to establish a new settlement in the <a href="/wiki/Achor_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Achor Valley">Achor Valley</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Jericho" title="Jericho">Jericho</a>, the settlers purchased land in that area. However, <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_II" title="Abdul Hamid II">Abdülhamid II</a> cancelled the purchase and forbade them from settling there, but they retained the name Petah Tikva as a symbol of their aspirations. </p><p>In 1878, the founders of Petah Tikva learned of the availability of land northeast of <a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Jaffa</a> near the village of Mulabes (or Umlabes). The land was owned by two <a href="/wiki/Christians" title="Christians">Christian</a> businessmen from Jaffa, Antoine Bishara Tayan and Selim Qassar, and was worked by some thirty tenant farmers. Tayan's property was the larger, some 8,500 dunams, but much of it was in the malarial swamp of the <a href="/wiki/Yarkon_River" title="Yarkon River">Yarkon Valley</a>. Qassar's property, approximately 3,500 dunams, lay a few kilometers to the south of the Yarkon, away from the swampland. It was Qassar's that was purchased on July 30, 1878. Tayan's holdings were purchased when a second group of settlers, known as the Yarkonim, arrived in Petah Tikva the following year.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Sultan" class="mw-redirect" title="Ottoman Sultan">Ottoman Sultan</a> <a href="/wiki/Abdul_Hamid_II" title="Abdul Hamid II">Abdul Hamid II</a> allowed the purchase because of the poor quality of the land.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In a <a href="/wiki/Microhistory" title="Microhistory">microhistorical</a> anecdote of Petah Tikva, Yehuda Raab, one of the Hungarian settlers, recalls in his memoirs meeting a <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Iraq" title="History of the Jews in Iraq">Baghdadi Jew</a>, Daud abu Yusuf, who despite appearing as a <a href="/wiki/Bedouin" title="Bedouin">Bedouin</a>, announced “ana Israʾili,” <i>I am Jewish</i>, and recited the <a href="/wiki/Shema" title="Shema">shema</a> by way of proof. Yusuf, along with a <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Morocco" title="History of the Jews in Morocco">Moroccan Jew</a> from <a href="/wiki/Jaffo" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaffo">Jaffo</a>, Yaʿqub bin Maymun Zirmati, was hired as a guard for colony; it was customary for European Jewish colonies to hire local Arab guards or in some cases <a href="/wiki/Yemenite_Jews" title="Yemenite Jews">Yemenite Jews</a>. Both were Ottoman imperial subjects and were important cultural and linguistic go-betweens, for example in the horse and camel trade, from the world of the <a href="/wiki/Ashkenazi_Jewish" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashkenazi Jewish">Ashkenazi Jewish</a> colonists and that of the Eastern or <a href="/wiki/Maghribi_Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Maghribi Jews">Maghribi Jews</a>, today called <a href="/wiki/Mizrahi_Jews" title="Mizrahi Jews">Mizrahi Jews</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Malaria" title="Malaria">malaria</a> epidemic broke out in 1880, forcing the abandonment of the settlements on both holdings by 1881<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or 1882.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Those who remained in the area moved south to <a href="/wiki/Yehud,_Israel" title="Yehud, Israel">Yehud</a>. After Petah Tikva was reoccupied by <a href="/wiki/Bilu_(movement)" title="Bilu (movement)">Bilu</a> immigrants in 1883, some of the original families returned. With funding for swamp drainage provided by Baron <a href="/wiki/Edmond_de_Rothschild" class="mw-redirect" title="Edmond de Rothschild">Edmond de Rothschild</a>, the colony became more stable.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 1886, Arab peasants from <a href="/wiki/Yahudiya" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahudiya">Yahudiya</a> attacked the Jewish colony, injuring 5, with one dying later, possibly due to aggravation of her preexisting condition. This was called the first violent clash in the <a href="/wiki/Yishuv" title="Yishuv">Yishuv</a> by <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Smilansky" title="Moshe Smilansky">Moshe Smilansky</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Upon learning that the Austrian post office in Jaffa wanted to open a branch in Petah Tikva, Yitzchak Goldenhirsch, an early resident, offered his assistance on condition that the Austrian consulate issued a Hebrew stamp and a special postmark for Petah Tikva. The stamp was designed by an unknown artist featuring a plow, green fields and a blossoming orange tree. The price was 14 <a href="/wiki/Para_(currency)" title="Para (currency)">paras</a> (a Turkish coin) and displayed the name 'Petah Tikva' in Hebrew letters.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/David_Ben_Gurion" class="mw-redirect" title="David Ben Gurion">David Ben Gurion</a> lived in Petah Tikva for a few months on his arrival in <a href="/wiki/Mutasarrifate_of_Jerusalem" title="Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem">Palestine</a> in 1906. It had a population of around 1000, half of them farmers. He found occasional work in the orange groves.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But, he soon caught malaria and his doctor recommended he return to Europe.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The following year, after moving to <a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Jaffa</a>, he set up a Jewish workers organisation in Petah Tikva.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Sinai_and_Palestine_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinai and Palestine Campaign">Sinai and Palestine Campaign</a> of <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Petah Tikva served as a refugee town for residents of Tel Aviv and <a href="/wiki/Jaffa" title="Jaffa">Jaffa</a>, following their exile by the Ottoman authorities. The town suffered heavily as it lay between the Ottoman and British fronts during the war.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="British_Mandate">British Mandate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: British Mandate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_-_%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D.-JNF043653.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_-_%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D.-JNF043653.jpeg/220px-%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_-_%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D.-JNF043653.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_-_%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D.-JNF043653.jpeg/330px-%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_-_%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D.-JNF043653.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_-_%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D.-JNF043653.jpeg/440px-%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_-_%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%AA_%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9D_%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9F_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%91%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D.-JNF043653.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="583" data-file-height="422" /></a><figcaption>Petah Tikva peace treaty, 1927</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zoltan_Kluger._Petach_Tikvah.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Zoltan_Kluger._Petach_Tikvah.jpg/220px-Zoltan_Kluger._Petach_Tikvah.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Zoltan_Kluger._Petach_Tikvah.jpg/330px-Zoltan_Kluger._Petach_Tikvah.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Zoltan_Kluger._Petach_Tikvah.jpg/440px-Zoltan_Kluger._Petach_Tikvah.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2243" data-file-height="2266" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of Petah Tikva, late 1930s</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early 1920s, industry began to develop in the Petah Tikva region. In 1921, Petah Tikva was granted <a href="/wiki/Local_council_(Israel)" title="Local council (Israel)">local council</a> status by the British authorities. In May 1921, Petah Tikva was the target of an Arab attack, which left four of its Jewish inhabitants dead–an extension of the <a href="/wiki/Jaffa_riots_of_1921" class="mw-redirect" title="Jaffa riots of 1921">Jaffa riots of 1921</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1927, Petah Tikva concluded a local peace treaty with the Arabs living nearby; subsequently, Petah Tikva was untouched by the <a href="/wiki/1929_Palestine_riots" title="1929 Palestine riots">1929 Palestine riots</a>. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/1922_census_of_Palestine" title="1922 census of Palestine">1922 census of Palestine</a> conducted by the <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">British Mandate authorities</a>, Petah Tikva had a total population of 3,032: 3,008 Jews, 22 Muslims and 2 Orthodox Christians.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_-_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003050.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_-_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003050.jpeg/220px-%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_-_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003050.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_-_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003050.jpeg/330px-%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_-_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003050.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_-_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003050.jpeg/440px-%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%A6%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A9%D7%91%D7%94_%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%97_-_%D7%AA%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%94_%D7%91%D7%97%D7%95%D7%A3_%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%94-JNF003050.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="398" /></a><figcaption>Petah Tikva Council in 1928</figcaption></figure> <p>By the time the <a href="/wiki/1931_census_of_Palestine" title="1931 census of Palestine">1931 census</a> was taken, the population had increased to 6,880 inhabitants in 1,688 houses.<sup id="cite_ref-Census1931_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Census1931-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1937, it was recognized as a city. Its first mayor, Shlomo Stampfer, was the son of one of its founders, <a href="/wiki/Yehoshua_Stampfer" title="Yehoshua Stampfer">Yehoshua Stampfer</a>. </p><p>Petah Tikva, a center of citrus farming, was considered by both the British government and the Jaffa Electric Company as a potentially important consumer of electricity for irrigation. The Auja Concession, which was granted to the Jaffa Electric Company on 1921, specifically referred to the relatively large Jewish settlement of Petah-Tikva. But, it was only in late 1929 that the company submitted an irrigation scheme for Petah-Tikva, and it was yet to be approved by the government in 1930.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1931, Ben Gurion wrote that Petah Tikva had 5000 inhabitants and employed 3000 Arab labourers.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1930s, the pioneering founders of <a href="/wiki/Kibbutz_Yavneh" class="mw-redirect" title="Kibbutz Yavneh">Kibbutz Yavneh</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">Religious Zionist movement</a> immigrated to the <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">British Mandate of Palestine</a>, settling near Petah Tikva on land purchased by a Jewish-owned German company. Refining the agricultural skills they learned in Germany, these pioneers began in 1941 to build their kibbutz in its intended location in the south of Israel, operating from Petah Tikva as a base.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="State_of_Israel">State of Israel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: State of Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/1948_Arab%E2%80%93Israeli_War" title="1948 Arab–Israeli War">1948 Arab–Israeli War</a>, Petah Tikva annexed all of the lands of the newly depopulated <a href="/wiki/Palestinians" title="Palestinians">Palestinian</a> village of <a href="/wiki/Fajja" title="Fajja">Fajja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Khalidi240_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Khalidi240-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city has suffered a series of terror attacks as a result of the <a href="/wiki/Israeli%E2%80%93Palestinian_conflict" title="Israeli–Palestinian conflict">ongoing regional conflict</a>, including the <a href="/wiki/1977_Petah_Tikva_bombing" title="1977 Petah Tikva bombing">bombing of a vegetable market in 1977</a>, and three attacks during the <a href="/wiki/Second_Intifada" title="Second Intifada">Second Intifada</a>: On May 27, 2002, a suicide bomber blew himself up at a small cafe outside a shopping mall, leaving two dead, including a baby;<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on December 25, 2003, a suicide bomber blew himself up at a bus stop near the Geha bridge, killing 4 civilians,<sup id="cite_ref-NYDaily_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYDaily-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Age_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Age-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-USAToday_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USAToday-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on February 5, 2006, a Palestinian got into a shuttle taxi, pulled out a knife, and began stabbing passengers killing two of them, but a worker from a nearby factory hit him with a log, subduing him.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_buildings_in_Petah-Tikva_-_13.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/New_buildings_in_Petah-Tikva_-_13.jpeg/220px-New_buildings_in_Petah-Tikva_-_13.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/New_buildings_in_Petah-Tikva_-_13.jpeg/330px-New_buildings_in_Petah-Tikva_-_13.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/New_buildings_in_Petah-Tikva_-_13.jpeg/440px-New_buildings_in_Petah-Tikva_-_13.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="4128" data-file-height="2322" /></a><figcaption>Residential high-rises in Petah Tikva</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grand_Mall_in_Petah_Tikva.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Grand_Mall_in_Petah_Tikva.JPG/220px-Grand_Mall_in_Petah_Tikva.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Grand_Mall_in_Petah_Tikva.JPG/330px-Grand_Mall_in_Petah_Tikva.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/Grand_Mall_in_Petah_Tikva.JPG/440px-Grand_Mall_in_Petah_Tikva.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Grand Mall</figcaption></figure> <p>After the creation of the State of Israel in 1948, several adjoining villages–Amishav and <a href="/wiki/Ein_Ganim" title="Ein Ganim">Ein Ganim</a> to the east (named after the biblical village (Joshua 15:34)), Kiryat Matalon to the west, towards <a href="/wiki/Bnei_Brak" title="Bnei Brak">Bnei Brak</a>, Kfar Ganim and Mahaneh Yehuda to the south and <a href="/wiki/Kfar_Avraham" title="Kfar Avraham">Kfar Avraham</a> on the north–were merged into the municipal boundaries of Petah Tikva, boosting its population to 22,000. </p><p>As of 2018, with a population of over 240,000 inhabitants, Petah Tikva is the third most populous city in the <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv_Metropolitan_Area" class="mw-redirect" title="Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area">Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area</a> ("Gush Dan"). </p><p>Petah Tikva is divided into 33 neighborhoods for municipal purposes.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Azorim_Park_PT.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Azorim_Park_PT.jpg/220px-Azorim_Park_PT.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Azorim_Park_PT.jpg/330px-Azorim_Park_PT.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Azorim_Park_PT.jpg/440px-Azorim_Park_PT.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Azorim high-tech park</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:IBM_building_Petax_Tikva_201203_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/IBM_building_Petax_Tikva_201203_02.jpg/220px-IBM_building_Petax_Tikva_201203_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/IBM_building_Petax_Tikva_201203_02.jpg/330px-IBM_building_Petax_Tikva_201203_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/IBM_building_Petax_Tikva_201203_02.jpg/440px-IBM_building_Petax_Tikva_201203_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a> building in Petah Tikva</figcaption></figure> <p>Petah Tikva is the second-largest industrial sector in Israel after the northern city of <a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a>. The industry is divided into three zones—Kiryat Aryeh (named after Arie Shenkar, founder and first president of the <a href="/wiki/Manufacturers_Association_of_Israel" title="Manufacturers Association of Israel">Manufacturers Association of Israel</a> and a pioneer in the Israeli textile industry), Kiryat Matalon (named after Moshe Yitzhak Matalon), and Segula, and includes textiles, metalwork, carpentry, plastics, processed foods, tires and other rubber products, and soap.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Numerous <a href="/wiki/High-tech" class="mw-redirect" title="High-tech">high-tech</a> companies and start-ups have moved into the industrial zones of Petah Tikva, which now house the Israeli headquarters for the <a href="/wiki/Oracle_Corporation" title="Oracle Corporation">Oracle Corporation</a>, <a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intel" title="Intel">Intel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alcatel-Lucent" title="Alcatel-Lucent">Alcatel-Lucent</a>, <a href="/wiki/ECI_Telecom" title="ECI Telecom">ECI Telecom</a>, and <a href="/wiki/GlaxoSmithKline" class="mw-redirect" title="GlaxoSmithKline">GlaxoSmithKline</a> Pharmaceuticals. The largest <a href="/wiki/Data_center" title="Data center">data center</a> in Israel, operated by the company TripleC, is also located in Petah Tikva.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, the Israeli <a href="/wiki/Teva_Pharmaceutical_Industries" class="mw-redirect" title="Teva Pharmaceutical Industries">Teva</a> company, the world's largest generic drug manufacturer, is headquartered in Petah Tikva. One of Israel's leading food processing corporations, <a href="/wiki/Osem_(company)" title="Osem (company)">Osem</a> opened in Petah Tikva in 1976 and has since been joined by the company's administrative offices, distribution center and sauce factory. <a href="/wiki/Strauss_Group" title="Strauss Group">Strauss</a> is also based in Petach Tikva.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Over time, the extensive citrus groves that once ringed Petah Tikva have disappeared as real-estate developers acquired the land for construction projects. Many new neighborhoods are going up in and around Petah Tikva. A quarry for building stone is located east of Petah Tikva.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As well as general <a href="/wiki/Hi-tech" class="mw-redirect" title="Hi-tech">hi-tech</a> firms, Petah Tikva has developed a position as a base for many communications firms. As such, the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/Bezeq_International" class="mw-redirect" title="Bezeq International">Bezeq International</a> international phone company is located in the Kiryat Matalon industrial zone as are those of the <a href="/wiki/012_Smile" class="mw-redirect" title="012 Smile">012 Smile</a> <a href="/wiki/Internet_Service_Provider" class="mw-redirect" title="Internet Service Provider">Internet Service Provider</a>. The headquarters of <a href="/wiki/Tadiran_Telecom" title="Tadiran Telecom">Tadiran Telecom</a> are in the Ramat Siv industrial zone. <a href="/wiki/Arutz_Sheva" title="Arutz Sheva">Arutz Sheva</a>, the right wing <a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionism" title="Religious Zionism">Religious Zionist</a> Israeli media network, operates an internet radio studio in Petah Tikva, where Arutz Sheva internet TV is located as well as the printing press for its <i><a href="/wiki/B%27Sheva" title="B'Sheva">B'Sheva</a></i> newspaper.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Israeli secret service, <a href="/wiki/Shin_Bet" title="Shin Bet">Shin Bet</a>, has an interrogation facility in Petah Tikva.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_Petah_Tikva" class="mw-redirect" title="Transportation in Petah Tikva">Transportation in Petah Tikva</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bus">Bus</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Bus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Petah Tikva is served by a large number of buses. A large number of intercity <a href="/wiki/Egged_(company)" title="Egged (company)">Egged</a> buses stop there, and the city has a network of local buses operated by the <a href="/wiki/Kavim" title="Kavim">Kavim</a> company. The <a href="/wiki/Dan_bus_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Dan bus company">Dan bus company</a> operates lines to <a href="/wiki/Ramat_Gan" title="Ramat Gan">Ramat Gan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bnei_Brak" title="Bnei Brak">Bnei Brak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Petah Tikva's largest bus terminal is the Petah Tikva Central Bus Station (Tahana Merkazit), while other major stations are located near <a href="/wiki/Beilinson_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Beilinson Hospital">Beilinson Hospital</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Beit_Rivka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Beit Rivka (page does not exist)">Beit Rivka</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mainline_rail">Mainline rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Mainline rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Israel_Railways" title="Israel Railways">Israel Railways</a> maintains two suburban railroad stations in <a href="/wiki/Petah_Tikva_Segula_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Petah Tikva Segula railway station">Segula</a> and <a href="/wiki/Petah_Tikva-Kiryat_Aryeh_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Petah Tikva-Kiryat Aryeh railway station">Kiryat Aryeh</a>, in the northern part of the city. A central train station near the main bus station is envisioned as part of Israel Railways's long-term expansion plan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Road_transport">Road transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Road transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are eight taxi fleets based in Petah Tikva, and the city is bordered by three of the major vehicle arteries in Israel: Geha Highway (<a href="/wiki/Highway_4_(Israel)" title="Highway 4 (Israel)">Highway 4</a>) on the west, the Trans-Samaria Highway (<a href="/wiki/Highway_5_(Israel)" class="mw-redirect" title="Highway 5 (Israel)">Highway 5</a>) on the north, and the Trans-Israel Highway (<a href="/wiki/Highway_6_(Israel)" title="Highway 6 (Israel)">Highway 6</a>) on the east.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Santiago_Calatrava_designed_bridge">Santiago Calatrava designed bridge</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Santiago Calatrava designed bridge"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Caltrava_bridge_in_Petah_Tikva01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Caltrava_bridge_in_Petah_Tikva01.jpg/220px-Caltrava_bridge_in_Petah_Tikva01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Caltrava_bridge_in_Petah_Tikva01.jpg/330px-Caltrava_bridge_in_Petah_Tikva01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Caltrava_bridge_in_Petah_Tikva01.jpg/440px-Caltrava_bridge_in_Petah_Tikva01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Bridge designed by <a href="/wiki/Santiago_Calatrava" title="Santiago Calatrava">Santiago Calatrava</a></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Santiago_Calatrava" title="Santiago Calatrava">Santiago Calatrava</a>'s bridge, a 50 metres (160 ft) long span Y-shaped cable-stayed pedestrian <a href="/wiki/Three-way_bridge" class="mw-redirect" title="Three-way bridge">three-way bridge</a> connecting Rabin Hospital to a shopping mall, a residential development and a public park. The structure is supported from a 29-metre (95 ft) high inclined steel pylon, which is situated where the three spans intersect. Light in construction, the bridge is built principally of steel with a glass-paved deck.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Light_rail">Light rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Light rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(Tel_Aviv_Light_Rail)" title="Red Line (Tel Aviv Light Rail)">Red Line</a> of the Greater Tel Aviv <a href="/wiki/Rapid_transit" title="Rapid transit">rapid transit</a>/<a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">light rail</a> system connects Petah Tikva to <a href="/wiki/Bnei_Brak" title="Bnei Brak">Bnei Brak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ramat_Gan" title="Ramat Gan">Ramat Gan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bat_Yam" title="Bat Yam">Bat Yam</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(Tel_Aviv_Light_Rail)" title="Red Line (Tel Aviv Light Rail)">Red Line</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv_Light_Rail" title="Tel Aviv Light Rail">Tel Aviv Light Rail</a> system is split into 2 branches upon entrance to Petah Tikva. One branch travels to an underground terminal at the Kiryat Aryeh railway station, while the other continues east to the Petach Tikva Central Bus Station. The Light Rail's train depot is also located at Kiryat Aryeh. It was opened to service on August 18, 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-ToI_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ToI-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Local_government">Local government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Local government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PetahTikvaMunicipalityBuilding.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/PetahTikvaMunicipalityBuilding.jpg/220px-PetahTikvaMunicipalityBuilding.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/PetahTikvaMunicipalityBuilding.jpg/330px-PetahTikvaMunicipalityBuilding.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/PetahTikvaMunicipalityBuilding.jpg/440px-PetahTikvaMunicipalityBuilding.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3443" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Petah Tikva City Hall</figcaption></figure> <p>Petah Tikva's history of government goes back to 1880, when the pioneers elected a council of seven members to run the new colony. From 1880 to 1921, members of the council were David Meir Guttman, Yehoshua Stampfer, Ze'ev Wolf Branda, Abraham Ze'ev Lipkis, Yitzhak Goldenhirsch, Chaim Cohen-Rice, Moshe Gissin, Shlomo Zalman Gissin and <a href="/wiki/Akiva_Librecht" title="Akiva Librecht">Akiva Librecht</a>. This governing body was declared a local council in 1921, and Petah Tikva became a city in 1937. <a href="/wiki/Kadima" title="Kadima">Kadima</a>, the political party founded by former Israeli prime minister <a href="/wiki/Ariel_Sharon" title="Ariel Sharon">Ariel Sharon</a>, had its headquarters in Petah Tikva.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:YehoshuaStampfer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/YehoshuaStampfer.jpg/150px-YehoshuaStampfer.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="216" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/YehoshuaStampfer.jpg/225px-YehoshuaStampfer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/YehoshuaStampfer.jpg/300px-YehoshuaStampfer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="783" data-file-height="1126" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yehoshua_Stampfer" title="Yehoshua Stampfer">Yehoshua Stampfer</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Council_heads_and_mayors">Council heads and mayors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Council heads and mayors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Shlomo Zalman Gissin (1921)</li> <li>Pinchas Meiri (1922–1928)<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Shlomo Stampfer (1928–1937)</li> <li>Shlomo Stampfer (1938–1940)</li> <li>Yosef Sapir (1940–1950)</li> <li>Mordechai Krausman (1951)</li> <li>Pinchas Rashish (1951–1966)</li> <li>Yisrael Feinberg (1966–1978)</li> <li>Dov Tavori (1978–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giora_Lev" title="Giora Lev">Giora Lev</a> (1989–1999)</li> <li>Yitzhak Ohayon (1999–2013)</li> <li>Uri Ohad (2013)</li> <li>Itzik Braverman (2013–2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rami_Greenberg" title="Rami Greenberg">Rami Greenberg</a> (2018–)<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Schools_and_religious_institutions">Schools and religious institutions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Schools and religious institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Petah_Tikva_Great_Synagogue.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Petah_Tikva_Great_Synagogue.jpg/220px-Petah_Tikva_Great_Synagogue.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Petah_Tikva_Great_Synagogue.jpg/330px-Petah_Tikva_Great_Synagogue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/07/Petah_Tikva_Great_Synagogue.jpg/440px-Petah_Tikva_Great_Synagogue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Petah_Tikva)" title="Great Synagogue (Petah Tikva)">Great Synagogue</a>, Petah Tikva</figcaption></figure> <p>Petah Tikva is home to 300 educational institutions from kindergarten through high school, catering to the secular, religious and <a href="/wiki/Haredi" class="mw-redirect" title="Haredi">Haredi</a> populations. There are over 43,000 students enrolled in these schools, which are staffed by some 2,400 teachers. Petah Tikva has seventeen public libraries, the main one located in the city hall building.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some 70,000 Orthodox Jews live in Petah Tikva. The community of Petah Tikva is served by 300 synagogues,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the 120-year-old <a href="/wiki/Great_Synagogue_(Petah_Tikva)" title="Great Synagogue (Petah Tikva)">Great Synagogue</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> eight <a href="/wiki/Mikvah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mikvah">mikvaot</a> (ritual baths)<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and two major <a href="/wiki/Haredi" class="mw-redirect" title="Haredi">Haredi</a> <a href="/wiki/Yeshiva" title="Yeshiva">yeshivot</a>, <i>Lomzhe Yeshiva</i> and <i>Or-Yisrael</i> (founded by the <a href="/wiki/Chazon_Ish" class="mw-redirect" title="Chazon Ish">Chazon Ish</a>, Rabbi Avraham Yeshayahu Karelitz). <a href="/wiki/Yeshivat_Hesder_Petah_Tikva" title="Yeshivat Hesder Petah Tikva">Yeshivat Hesder Petah Tikva</a>, a Modern Orthodox <a href="/wiki/Hesder" title="Hesder">Hesder</a> Yeshiva affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Religious_Zionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Religious Zionist">Religious Zionist</a> movement, directed by Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Yuval_Cherlow" title="Yuval Cherlow">Yuval Cherlow</a>, is also located in Petah Tikva. Additionally, Rav Michael Laitman, PhD in Philosophy and Kabbalah (see <a href="/wiki/Bnei_Baruch" title="Bnei Baruch">Bnei Baruch</a>), daily leads 200-300 students and hundreds of thousands virtually (some estimates of up to 2 million) in the method of Kabbalah learned from his teacher Rav <a href="/wiki/Baruch_Ashlag" title="Baruch Ashlag">Baruch Ashlag</a>, known as the RABASH. </p><p>Petah Tikva has two cemeteries: Segula Cemetery, east of the city, and Yarkon Cemetery, to the northeast. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Health_care">Health care</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Health care"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PTBeilinson.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/PTBeilinson.jpg/220px-PTBeilinson.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/PTBeilinson.jpg/330px-PTBeilinson.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/PTBeilinson.jpg/440px-PTBeilinson.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="668" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Rabin_Medical_Center" title="Rabin Medical Center">Rabin Medical Center</a> (Belinson)</figcaption></figure> <p>Six hospitals are located in the city. The <a href="/wiki/Rabin_Medical_Center" title="Rabin Medical Center">Rabin Medical Center</a> Beilinson complex includes the Beilinson Medical Center, the Davidoff Oncologic Center, the Geha Psychiatric Hospital, the <a href="/wiki/Schneider_Children%27s_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Schneider Children's Medical Center">Schneider Pediatric Hospital</a> and Tel Aviv University's Faculty of Medical Research.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other medical facilities in Petah Tikva are HaSharon Hospital, the Beit Rivka Geriatric Center, the Kupat Holim Medical Research Center and a private hospital, Ramat Marpeh, affiliated with Assuta Hospital. The <a href="/wiki/Schneider_Children%27s_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Schneider Children's Medical Center">Schneider Pediatric Center</a> is one of the largest and most modern children's hospitals in the Middle East. In addition, there are many family health clinics in Petah Tikva as well as Kupat Holim clinics operated by Israel's <a href="/wiki/Health_maintenance_organization" title="Health maintenance organization">health maintenance organizations</a>. The city is also served by <a href="/wiki/Mayanei_Hayeshua_Medical_Center" title="Mayanei Hayeshua Medical Center">Mayanei Hayeshua Medical Center</a>, a Haredi hospital in nearby Bnei Brak.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Landmarks_and_cultural_institutions">Landmarks and cultural institutions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Landmarks and cultural institutions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PetahTikva_FoundersSquare.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/PetahTikva_FoundersSquare.jpg/220px-PetahTikva_FoundersSquare.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/PetahTikva_FoundersSquare.jpg/330px-PetahTikva_FoundersSquare.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/PetahTikva_FoundersSquare.jpg/440px-PetahTikva_FoundersSquare.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Founders' Square</figcaption></figure> <p>Petah Tikva's Independence Park includes a zoo at its northeastern edge, the Museum of Man and Nature, a memorial to the victims of the 1921 Arab riots, an archaeological display, <a href="/wiki/Yad_Labanim" title="Yad Labanim">Yad Labanim</a> soldiers' memorial, a local history museum, a Holocaust museum and the <a href="/wiki/Petah_Tikva_Museum_of_Art" title="Petah Tikva Museum of Art">Petah Tikva Museum of Art</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Sports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Petah_Tikva_HaMoshava_Stadium_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Petah_Tikva_HaMoshava_Stadium_2.jpg/220px-Petah_Tikva_HaMoshava_Stadium_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Petah_Tikva_HaMoshava_Stadium_2.jpg/330px-Petah_Tikva_HaMoshava_Stadium_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Petah_Tikva_HaMoshava_Stadium_2.jpg/440px-Petah_Tikva_HaMoshava_Stadium_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="852" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/HaMoshava_Stadium" title="HaMoshava Stadium">HaMoshava Stadium</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The main stadium in Petah Tikva is the 11,500-seat <a href="/wiki/HaMoshava_Stadium" title="HaMoshava Stadium">HaMoshava Stadium</a>. Petah Tikva has two <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a> teams – <a href="/wiki/Hapoel_Petah_Tikva_F.C." title="Hapoel Petah Tikva F.C.">Hapoel Petah Tikva</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maccabi_Petah_Tikva_F.C." title="Maccabi Petah Tikva F.C.">Maccabi Petah Tikva</a>. The local baseball team, the <a href="/wiki/Petach_Tikva_Pioneers" title="Petach Tikva Pioneers">Petach Tikva Pioneers</a>, played in the inaugural 2007 season of the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Baseball_League" title="Israel Baseball League">Israel Baseball League</a>. The league folded the following year. In 2014, Hapoel Petah Tikva's women's football team recruited five <a href="/wiki/Arab-Israeli" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab-Israeli">Arab-Israeli</a> women to play on the team. One of them is now a team captain.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Archaeology">Archaeology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Archaeology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November–December 2006 and May 2007, a salvage excavation was conducted at Khirbat Mulabbis, east of Moshe Sneh Street in Petah Tikva on behalf of the <a href="/wiki/Israel_Antiquities_Authority" title="Israel Antiquities Authority">Israel Antiquities Authority</a>. Four main strata (I–IV) were identified, dating to the Byzantine period (fourth–seventh centuries CE; Stratum IV), Early Islamic period (eighth–tenth centuries CE; Stratum III), Crusader period (twelfth–thirteenth centuries CE; Stratum II) and Ottoman period (Stratum I).<sup id="cite_ref-Haddad2013_51-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haddad2013-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yoni_S._Hamenachem_movie_four_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Yoni_S._Hamenachem_movie_four_%28cropped%29.jpg/175px-Yoni_S._Hamenachem_movie_four_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Yoni_S._Hamenachem_movie_four_%28cropped%29.jpg/263px-Yoni_S._Hamenachem_movie_four_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Yoni_S._Hamenachem_movie_four_%28cropped%29.jpg/350px-Yoni_S._Hamenachem_movie_four_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="641" data-file-height="1030" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gila_Almagor" title="Gila Almagor">Gila Almagor</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C.jpg/175px-%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C.jpg/263px-%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C.jpg/350px-%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%97%D7%99_%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%90_%D7%91%D7%AA%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%9C.jpg 2x" data-file-width="911" data-file-height="613" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Amichai" title="Yehuda Amichai">Yehuda Amichai</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gal_Gadot_cropped_lighting_corrected_2b.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Gal_Gadot_cropped_lighting_corrected_2b.jpg/175px-Gal_Gadot_cropped_lighting_corrected_2b.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Gal_Gadot_cropped_lighting_corrected_2b.jpg/263px-Gal_Gadot_cropped_lighting_corrected_2b.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Gal_Gadot_cropped_lighting_corrected_2b.jpg/350px-Gal_Gadot_cropped_lighting_corrected_2b.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1875" data-file-height="2164" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gal_Gadot" title="Gal Gadot">Gal Gadot</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Avram_Grant_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Avram_Grant_2012.jpg/175px-Avram_Grant_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Avram_Grant_2012.jpg/263px-Avram_Grant_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Avram_Grant_2012.jpg/350px-Avram_Grant_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2851" data-file-height="1894" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Avram_Grant" title="Avram Grant">Avram Grant</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gila_Almagor" title="Gila Almagor">Gila Almagor</a> (born 1939), actress and author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehuda_Amichai" title="Yehuda Amichai">Yehuda Amichai</a> (1924–2000), poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zvi_Arad" title="Zvi Arad">Zvi Arad</a> (1942–2018), mathematician, acting president of <a href="/wiki/Bar-Ilan_University" title="Bar-Ilan University">Bar-Ilan University</a>, president of <a href="/wiki/Netanya_Academic_College" title="Netanya Academic College">Netanya Academic College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Baksht" title="Shlomo Baksht">Shlomo Baksht</a> (born 1960), rabbi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hannah_Barnett-Trager" class="mw-redirect" title="Hannah Barnett-Trager">Hannah Barnett-Trager</a> (1870–1943), wrote about early Petah Tikva<sup id="cite_ref-book1_52-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-book1-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanoch_Bartov" title="Hanoch Bartov">Hanoch Bartov</a> (1926-2016), author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mor_Bulis" title="Mor Bulis">Mor Bulis</a> (born 1996), tennis player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tal_Burstein" title="Tal Burstein">Tal Burstein</a> (born 1980), basketball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moran_Buzovski" title="Moran Buzovski">Moran Buzovski</a> (born 1992), Olympic rhythmic gymnast</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shmuel_Dayan" title="Shmuel Dayan">Shmuel Dayan</a> (1891–1968), Zionist activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel_Finkelstein" title="Israel Finkelstein">Israel Finkelstein</a> (born 1949), archaeologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudu_Fisher" title="Dudu Fisher">Dudu Fisher</a> (born 1951), cantor and stage performer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gal_Gadot" title="Gal Gadot">Gal Gadot</a> (born 1985), actress and model</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zehava_Gal-On" class="mw-redirect" title="Zehava Gal-On">Zehava Gal-On</a> (born 1956), <a href="/wiki/Meretz" title="Meretz">Meretz</a> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._D._Gordon" title="A. D. Gordon">A. D. Gordon</a> (1856–1922), Labor Zionist ideologue</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamar_Gozansky" title="Tamar Gozansky">Tamar Gozansky</a> (born 1940), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avraham_Grant" class="mw-redirect" title="Avraham Grant">Avraham Grant</a> (born 1955), football coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzofit_Grant" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzofit Grant">Tzofit Grant</a> (born 1964), television personality</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzachi_Halevy" title="Tzachi Halevy">Tzachi Halevy</a> (born 1975), film and television actor, singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simcha_Jacobovici" title="Simcha Jacobovici">Simcha Jacobovici</a> (born 1953), filmmaker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doron_Jamchi" title="Doron Jamchi">Doron Jamchi</a> (born 1961), basketball player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimrod_Kamer" title="Nimrod Kamer">Nimrod Kamer</a> (born 1981), poet and class warrior residing in London</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yosef_Karduner" title="Yosef Karduner">Yosef Karduner</a> (born 1969), <a href="/wiki/Hasidic_Judaism" title="Hasidic Judaism">Hasidic</a> singer-songwriter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haim_Kaufman" title="Haim Kaufman">Haim Kaufman</a> (1934–1995), Knesset member</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehoshua_Kenaz" title="Yehoshua Kenaz">Yehoshua Kenaz</a> (1937-2020), novelist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itzik_Kol" title="Itzik Kol">Itzik Kol</a> (1932–2007), television and movie producer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alona_Koshevatskiy" title="Alona Koshevatskiy">Alona Koshevatskiy</a> (born 1997), Olympic <a href="/wiki/Rhythmic_gymnast" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhythmic gymnast">rhythmic gymnast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amnon_Krauz" title="Amnon Krauz">Amnon Krauz</a> (born 1952), Olympic swimmer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peretz_Lavie" title="Peretz Lavie">Peretz Lavie</a> (born 1949), expert in the <a href="/wiki/Psychophysiology" title="Psychophysiology">psychophysiology</a> of <a href="/wiki/Sleep_disorders" class="mw-redirect" title="Sleep disorders">sleep and sleep disorders</a>, 16th president of the <a href="/wiki/Technion_-_Israel_Institute_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Technion - Israel Institute of Technology">Technion - Israel Institute of Technology</a>, Dean of the <a href="/wiki/Rappaport_Faculty_of_Medicine" title="Rappaport Faculty of Medicine">Rappaport Faculty of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talya_Lavie" title="Talya Lavie">Talya Lavie</a> (born 1978), filmmaker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karina_Lykhvar" title="Karina Lykhvar">Karina Lykhvar</a> (born 1998), Olympic rhythmic gymnast</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menachem_Magidor" title="Menachem Magidor">Menachem Magidor</a> (born 1946), mathematician, president of the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_University_of_Jerusalem" title="Hebrew University of Jerusalem">Hebrew University of Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samir_Naqqash" title="Samir Naqqash">Samir Naqqash</a> (1938–2004), Iraqi-Jewish author</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zvi_Nishri" title="Zvi Nishri">Zvi Nishri</a> (Orloff) (1878–1973), physical education pioneer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uri_Orbach" title="Uri Orbach">Uri Orbach</a> (1960–2015), <a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Home" title="The Jewish Home">The Jewish Home</a> politician, journalist and writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elyakum_Ostashinski" title="Elyakum Ostashinski">Elyakum Ostashinski</a> (1909–1983), first mayor of <a href="/wiki/Rishon_LeZion" title="Rishon LeZion">Rishon LeZion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravid_Plotnik" title="Ravid Plotnik">Ravid Plotnik</a> (born 1988), rapper<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esther_Raab" title="Esther Raab">Esther Raab</a> (1894–1981), Hebrew author of prose and poetry</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leah_Rabin" title="Leah Rabin">Leah Rabin</a> (1928–2000), wife of Israeli prime minister <a href="/wiki/Yitzhak_Rabin" title="Yitzhak Rabin">Yitzhak Rabin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neta_Rivkin" title="Neta Rivkin">Neta Rivkin</a> (born 1991), rhythmic gymnast</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pnina_Rosenblum" title="Pnina Rosenblum">Pnina Rosenblum</a> (born 1954), actress, fashion model, businesswoman and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michal_Rozin" title="Michal Rozin">Michal Rozin</a> (born 1969), <a href="/wiki/Meretz" title="Meretz">Meretz</a> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rami_Saari" title="Rami Saari">Rami Saari</a> (born 1963), poet, translator and linguist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Shechtman" title="Dan Shechtman">Dan Shechtman</a> (born 1941), winner of Nobel Prize for Chemistry<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sigal_Shachmon" title="Sigal Shachmon">Sigal Shachmon</a> (born 1971), model, actress and television presenter</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giora_Spiegel" title="Giora Spiegel">Giora Spiegel</a> (born 1947), football player and coach</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahum_Stelmach" title="Nahum Stelmach">Nahum Stelmach</a> (1936–1999), football player</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pnina_Tamano-Shata" title="Pnina Tamano-Shata">Pnina Tamano-Shata</a> (born 1981), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Gaon" title="Moshe Gaon">Moshe Gaon</a> (born 1964), businessman and political consultant</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfir_Tsafrir" title="Kfir Tsafrir">Kfir Tsafrir</a> (born 1990), singer-songwriter, rapper and music producer.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Petah Tikva is referenced in the <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award">Tony Award</a>-winning 2016 musical <i><a href="/wiki/The_Band%27s_Visit_(musical)" title="The Band's Visit (musical)">The Band's Visit</a></i> as the main plot derives from a mix-up between the city and the fictional town of "Bet Hatikva" in the Negev Desert of southern Israel.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Petah Tikva is known for being a part of a satirical <a href="/wiki/Conspiracy_theory" title="Conspiracy theory">conspiracy theory</a> which claims that it does not exist, much like the German <a href="/wiki/Bielefeld_conspiracy" title="Bielefeld conspiracy">Bielefeld conspiracy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Free Petah Tikvah" became a meme during 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Israel" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Israel">List of twin towns and sister cities in Israel</a></div> <p>Petah Tikva is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Bac%C4%83u" title="Bacău">Bacău</a>, Romania</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cherkasy" title="Cherkasy">Cherkasy</a>, Ukraine</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chernihiv" title="Chernihiv">Chernihiv</a>, Ukraine</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a>, United States</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Chile" title="Chile"><img alt="Chile" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Flag_of_Chile.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chile.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Las_Condes" title="Las Condes">Las Condes</a>, Chile</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria"><img alt="Bulgaria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gabrovo" title="Gabrovo">Gabrovo</a>, Bulgaria</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Armenia" title="Armenia"><img alt="Armenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Flag_of_Armenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Armenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gyumri" title="Gyumri">Gyumri</a>, Armenia</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kad%C4%B1k%C3%B6y" title="Kadıköy">Kadıköy</a>, Turkey</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Koblenz" title="Koblenz">Koblenz</a>, Germany</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Mi%C4%99dzyrzec_Podlaski" title="Międzyrzec Podlaski">Międzyrzec Podlaski</a>, Poland</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania"><img alt="Romania" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/%C8%98imleu_Silvaniei" title="Șimleu Silvaniei">Șimleu Silvaniei</a>, Romania</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan"><img alt="Taiwan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Taichung" title="Taichung">Taichung</a>, Taiwan</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway"><img alt="Norway" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Trondheim" title="Trondheim">Trondheim</a>, Norway</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden"><img alt="Sweden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Norrk%C3%B6ping" title="Norrköping">Norrköping</a>, Sweden</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_neighborhoods_of_Petah_Tikva" title="List of neighborhoods of Petah Tikva">List of neighborhoods of Petah Tikva</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Israelpopulations-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Israelpopulations_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Israelpopulations_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Israelpopulations_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbs.gov.il/en/settlements/Pages/default.aspx?mode=Yeshuv">"Regional Statistics"</a>. <i>Israel Central Bureau of Statistics</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Israel+Central+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft.atitle=Regional+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbs.gov.il%2Fen%2Fsettlements%2FPages%2Fdefault.aspx%3Fmode%3DYeshuv&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Petah-Tiqwa">"Petaḥ Tiqwa | Israel"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191106074226/https://www.britannica.com/place/Petah-Tiqwa">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-11-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Peta%E1%B8%A5+Tiqwa+%26%23124%3B+Israel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FPetah-Tiqwa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marom-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Marom_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Marom_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarom2019" class="citation journal cs1">Marom, Roy (April 3, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080/00310328.2019.1621734">"A short history of Mulabbis (Petah Tikva, Israel)"</a>. <i>Palestine Exploration Quarterly</i>. <b>151</b> (2): 134–145. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F00310328.2019.1621734">10.1080/00310328.2019.1621734</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:197799335">197799335</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210529124508/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00310328.2019.1621734">Archived</a> from the original on May 29, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 30,</span> 2020</span> – via Taylor and Francis+NEJM.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Palestine+Exploration+Quarterly&rft.atitle=A+short+history+of+Mulabbis+%28Petah+Tikva%2C+Israel%29&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=134-145&rft.date=2019-04-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F00310328.2019.1621734&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A197799335%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Marom&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1080%2F00310328.2019.1621734&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160408202051/http://www.rishonim.org.il/petach-tikva/Info/founder_show.aspx?id=51"><bdi lang="he">זאב וולף ברנדה ז"ל</bdi></a> [Ze'ev Wolf Branda memorial] (in Hebrew). Rishonim.org.il. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rishonim.org.il/petach-tikva/info/founder_show.aspx?id=51">the original</a> on April 8, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D7%96%D7%90%D7%91+%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%A3+%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%94+%D7%96%22%D7%9C&rft.pub=Rishonim.org.il&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rishonim.org.il%2Fpetach-tikva%2Finfo%2Ffounder_show.aspx%3Fid%3D51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613014131/http://chiefrabbi.org/ReadArtical.aspx?id=447">"Future Tense – Israel at 60: A Dream Fulfilled"</a>. Office of the Chief Rabbi. December 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.chiefrabbi.org/ReadArtical.aspx?id=447">the original</a> on June 13, 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Future+Tense+%E2%80%93+Israel+at+60%3A+A+Dream+Fulfilled&rft.pub=Office+of+the+Chief+Rabbi&rft.date=2007-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.chiefrabbi.org%2FReadArtical.aspx%3Fid%3D447&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAvneri1984">Avneri (1984</a>, p. 71); <a href="#CITEREFGlassKark1991">Glass & Kark (1991</a>, pp. 137–138); <a href="#CITEREFBen_Ezer2013">Ben Ezer (2013)</a> has a more detailed discussion of the Yarkonim, in Hebrew.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYaari1958" class="citation book cs1">Yaari, Avraham (1958). <i>The Goodly Heritage: Memoirs Describing the Life of the Jewish Community of Eretz Yisrael From the Seventeenth to the Twentieth Centuries</i>. (Translated and abridged by Israel Schen; edited by Isaac Halevy-Levin). Jerusalem: Youth and Hechalutz Dept. of the Zionist Organization. p. 93.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Goodly+Heritage%3A+Memoirs+Describing+the+Life+of+the+Jewish+Community+of+Eretz+Yisrael+From+the+Seventeenth+to+the+Twentieth+Centuries&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pages=93&rft.pub=Youth+and+Hechalutz+Dept.+of+the+Zionist+Organization&rft.date=1958&rft.aulast=Yaari&rft.aufirst=Avraham&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalperin2019" class="citation journal cs1">Halperin, Liora R. (February 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/international-journal-of-middle-east-studies/article/abs/trading-secrets-constructions-and-contexts-of-two-middle-eastern-jewish-guards-in-the-early-petah-tikva-agricultural-colony/565AE88012E1D8445EB1FCC3AB5CCDA1">"Trading Secrets: Constructions and Contexts of Two Middle Eastern Jewish Guards in the Early Petah Tikva Agricultural Colony"</a>. <i>International Journal of Middle East Studies</i>. <b>51</b> (1): 65–86. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0020743818001162">10.1017/S0020743818001162</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0020-7438">0020-7438</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=International+Journal+of+Middle+East+Studies&rft.atitle=Trading+Secrets%3A+Constructions+and+Contexts+of+Two+Middle+Eastern+Jewish+Guards+in+the+Early+Petah+Tikva+Agricultural+Colony&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=65-86&rft.date=2019-02&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0020743818001162&rft.issn=0020-7438&rft.aulast=Halperin&rft.aufirst=Liora+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.org%2Fcore%2Fjournals%2Finternational-journal-of-middle-east-studies%2Farticle%2Fabs%2Ftrading-secrets-constructions-and-contexts-of-two-middle-eastern-jewish-guards-in-the-early-petah-tikva-agricultural-colony%2F565AE88012E1D8445EB1FCC3AB5CCDA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFYaari1958">Yaari (1958</a>, pp. 89–93) suggests that the colonists began to abandon Petah Tikva in late 1880, and had all left in 1881.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGilbert2008" class="citation book cs1">Gilbert, Martin (September 23, 2008). <i>Israel: A History</i> (Revised ed.). Mariner Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0688123635" title="Special:BookSources/978-0688123635"><bdi>978-0688123635</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Israel%3A+A+History&rft.edition=Revised&rft.pub=Mariner+Books&rft.date=2008-09-23&rft.isbn=978-0688123635&rft.aulast=Gilbert&rft.aufirst=Martin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldjewishcongress.org/en/news/this-week-in-jewish-history--petah-tikvah-founded">"This week in Jewish history | Petah Tikvah founded"</a>. <i>World Jewish Congress</i>. November 4, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-09-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Jewish+Congress&rft.atitle=This+week+in+Jewish+history+%7C+Petah+Tikvah+founded&rft.date=2021-11-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldjewishcongress.org%2Fen%2Fnews%2Fthis-week-in-jewish-history--petah-tikvah-founded&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jafi.org/JewishAgency/English/Jewish+Education/Compelling+Content/Eye+on+Israel/Places+in+Israel/Petah+Tikvah.htm">"Petah Tikva"</a>. <i>The Jewish Agency for Israel</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140825064341/http://jafi.org/JewishAgency/English/Jewish+Education/Compelling+Content/Eye+on+Israel/Places+in+Israel/Petah+Tikvah.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 25 August 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Jewish+Agency+for+Israel&rft.atitle=Petah+Tikva&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjafi.org%2FJewishAgency%2FEnglish%2FJewish%2BEducation%2FCompelling%2BContent%2FEye%2Bon%2BIsrael%2FPlaces%2Bin%2BIsrael%2FPetah%2BTikvah.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHalperin2017" class="citation journal cs1">Halperin, Liora R. (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/jewisocistud.23.1.01">"Petah Tikva, 1886: Gender, Anonymity, and the Making of Zionist Memory"</a>. <i>Jewish Social Studies</i>. <b>23</b> (1): 1–28. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2979%2Fjewisocistud.23.1.01">10.2979/jewisocistud.23.1.01</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0021-6704">0021-6704</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/jewisocistud.23.1.01">10.2979/jewisocistud.23.1.01</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Social+Studies&rft.atitle=Petah+Tikva%2C+1886%3A+Gender%2C+Anonymity%2C+and+the+Making+of+Zionist+Memory&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=1-28&rft.date=2017&rft.issn=0021-6704&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.2979%2Fjewisocistud.23.1.01%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2979%2Fjewisocistud.23.1.01&rft.aulast=Halperin&rft.aufirst=Liora+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F10.2979%2Fjewisocistud.23.1.01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.auctionzip.com/auction-lot/An-envelope-with-a-Petah-Tikva-stamp,-signed-wit_A3B48448E5">"Lot - An envelope with a Petah Tikva stamp, signed with a special stamp for this stamp"</a>. <i>www.auctionzip.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191106082038/https://www.auctionzip.com/auction-lot/An-envelope-with-a-Petah-Tikva-stamp,-signed-wit_A3B48448E5">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-11-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.auctionzip.com&rft.atitle=Lot+-+An+envelope+with+a+Petah+Tikva+stamp%2C+signed+with+a+special+stamp+for+this+stamp&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.auctionzip.com%2Fauction-lot%2FAn-envelope-with-a-Petah-Tikva-stamp%2C-signed-wit_A3B48448E5&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Segev" title="Tom Segev">Segev, Tom</a> (2018 - 2019 translation <a href="/wiki/Haim_Watzman" title="Haim Watzman">Haim Watzman</a>) <i>A State at Any Cost. The Life of David Ben-Gurion.</i> Apollo. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78954-463-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78954-463-3">978-1-78954-463-3</a> . p.62</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Segev. p.64</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Segev. p.81</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121185310/http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/PLACES/pt.html">"Petah Tikvah"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Jewish_Agency_for_Israel" title="Jewish Agency for Israel">Jewish Agency for Israel</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jafi.org.il/education/100/PLACES/pt.html">the original</a> on November 21, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Petah+Tikvah&rft.pub=Jewish+Agency+for+Israel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jafi.org.il%2Feducation%2F100%2FPLACES%2Fpt.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barron, 1923, Table VII, Sub-district of Jaffa, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n22/mode/1up">20</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Barron, 1923, Table XIV, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/PalestineCensus1922/Palestine%20Census%20%281922%29#page/n48/mode/1up">46</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Census1931-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Census1931_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mills, 1932, p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas">14</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShamir2013" class="citation book cs1">Shamir, Ronen (2013). <i>Current Flow: The Electrification of Palestine</i>. Stanford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-8706-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-8706-2"><bdi>978-0-8047-8706-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Current+Flow%3A+The+Electrification+of+Palestine&rft.pub=Stanford+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=978-0-8047-8706-2&rft.aulast=Shamir&rft.aufirst=Ronen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Tom_Segev" title="Tom Segev">Segev, Tom</a> (2018 - 2019 translation <a href="/wiki/Haim_Watzman" title="Haim Watzman">Haim Watzman</a>) <i>A State at Any Cost. The Life of David Ben-Gurion.</i> Apollo. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78954-463-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78954-463-3">978-1-78954-463-3</a> p.132</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aliyathanoar.massuah.org.il/Product.aspx?Product=39&Category=14&ln=en">"Kevutsat Rodges (Kevutsat Yavne) est. 1929"</a>. Massuah, International Institute for Holocaust Studies. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210224040422/http://aliyathanoar.massuah.org.il/Product.aspx?Product=39&Category=14&ln=en">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-02-24<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kevutsat+Rodges+%28Kevutsat+Yavne%29+est.+1929&rft.pub=Massuah%2C+International+Institute+for+Holocaust+Studies&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Faliyathanoar.massuah.org.il%2FProduct.aspx%3FProduct%3D39%26Category%3D14%26ln%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Khalidi240-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Khalidi240_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Khalidi, 1992, p. 240</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Facts+About+Israel/Israel+in+Maps/2000-2004-+Major+Terror+Attacks.htm">"2000-2006: Major Terror Attacks"</a>. Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110925092118/http://www.mfa.gov.il/MFA/Facts+About+Israel/Israel+in+Maps/2000-2004-+Major+Terror+Attacks.htm">Archived</a> from the original on September 25, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=2000-2006%3A+Major+Terror+Attacks&rft.pub=Israel+Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mfa.gov.il%2FMFA%2FFacts%2BAbout%2BIsrael%2FIsrael%2Bin%2BMaps%2F2000-2004-%2BMajor%2BTerror%2BAttacks.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYDaily-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYDaily_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/bloodshed-mideast-palestinian-bomber-kills-4-tel-aviv-article-1.518433">"Palestinian Bomber Kills 4 Near Tel Aviv - New York Daily News"</a>. <i>articles.nydailynews.com</i>. 26 December 2003. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190526072425/https://www.nydailynews.com/archives/news/bloodshed-mideast-palestinian-bomber-kills-4-tel-aviv-article-1.518433">Archived</a> from the original on 26 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 September</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=articles.nydailynews.com&rft.atitle=Palestinian+Bomber+Kills+4+Near+Tel+Aviv+-+New+York+Daily+News&rft.date=2003-12-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Farchives%2Fnews%2Fbloodshed-mideast-palestinian-bomber-kills-4-tel-aviv-article-1.518433&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-The_Age-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-The_Age_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/12/26/1072308679079.html">"Tel Aviv suicide bombing kills four"</a>. <i>theage.com.au</i>. Melbourne. 2011. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121107043116/http://www.theage.com.au/articles/2003/12/26/1072308679079.html">Archived</a> from the original on 7 November 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=theage.com.au&rft.atitle=Tel+Aviv+suicide+bombing+kills+four&rft.date=2011&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.theage.com.au%2Farticles%2F2003%2F12%2F26%2F1072308679079.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USAToday-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USAToday_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/news/2003-12-26-mideaste_x.htm">"USATODAY.com - Israel targets militants after bombing"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/McLean,_VA" class="mw-redirect" title="McLean, VA">McLean, VA</a>: <a href="/wiki/Gannett_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="Gannett Company">Gannett</a>. 26 December 2003. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0734-7456">0734-7456</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191210180006/https://www.usatoday.com/news/2003-12-26-mideaste_x.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USA+Today&rft.atitle=USATODAY.com+-+Israel+targets+militants+after+bombing&rft.date=2003-12-26&rft.issn=0734-7456&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.usatoday.com%2Fnews%2F2003-12-26-mideaste_x.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAzoulai2006" class="citation news cs1">Azoulai, Yuval (February 6, 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/1.4890656">"Israeli Woman Stabbed to Death by Lone Terrorist in Petah Tikva"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Haaretz" title="Haaretz">Haaretz</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190901002050/https://www.haaretz.com/1.4890656">Archived</a> from the original on September 1, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 1,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Israeli+Woman+Stabbed+to+Death+by+Lone+Terrorist+in+Petah+Tikva&rft.date=2006-02-06&rft.aulast=Azoulai&rft.aufirst=Yuval&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2F1.4890656&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080411010755/http://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/Openning_maps.asp">"Connect to the Neighborhood"</a>. Petah Tikva municipality. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/Openning_maps.asp">the original</a> on April 11, 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 19,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Connect+to+the+Neighborhood&rft.pub=Petah+Tikva+municipality&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.petah-tikva.muni.il%2FOpenning_maps.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://emagazine.globes.co.il/em/duns100/2016/2016-09-22/files/assets/basic-html/page-575.html#">"DUN'S 100 - 2016"</a>. <i>emagazine.globes.co.il</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200725153135/http://emagazine.globes.co.il/em/duns100/2016/2016-09-22/files/assets/basic-html/page-575.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-07-25<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-30</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=emagazine.globes.co.il&rft.atitle=DUN%27S+100+-+2016&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Femagazine.globes.co.il%2Fem%2Fduns100%2F2016%2F2016-09-22%2Ffiles%2Fassets%2Fbasic-html%2Fpage-575.html%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thecom.co.il/article.php?id=11200">Thecom.co.il</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Hebrew)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101129020138/http://www.thecom.co.il/article.php?id=11200">Archived</a> November 29, 2010, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.strauss-group.com/contact-us/">"Strauss- Contact Us"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190829001812/https://www.strauss-group.com/contact-us/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-08-29<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-29</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Strauss-+Contact+Us&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.strauss-group.com%2Fcontact-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/0177549D:IT">"Vered Quarry Co Ltd - Company Profile and News"</a>. <i>Bloomberg.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190901233121/https://www.bloomberg.com/profile/company/0177549D:IT">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-09-01<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-09-01</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bloomberg.com&rft.atitle=Vered+Quarry+Co+Ltd+-+Company+Profile+and+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bloomberg.com%2Fprofile%2Fcompany%2F0177549D%3AIT&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://besheva.co.il/%d7%a6%d7%95%d7%a8-%d7%a7%d7%a9%d7%a8/">"צור קשר"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190716111517/http://besheva.co.il/%d7%a6%d7%95%d7%a8-%d7%a7%d7%a9%d7%a8/">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-07-16<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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October 2010. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110401105908/http://www.btselem.org/english/publications/summaries/201010_kept_in_the_dark.asp">Archived</a> from the original on April 1, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 15,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Kept+in+the+Dark&rft.pub=B%27Tselem&rft.date=2010-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.btselem.org%2Fenglish%2Fpublications%2Fsummaries%2F201010_kept_in_the_dark.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/index.php?fuseaction=wanappln.projectview&upload_id=747">"Calatrava in Israel: Museum exhibition lands 's Calatrava first project in Israel"</a>. World Architecture News. December 15, 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140201193949/http://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/index.php?fuseaction=wanappln.projectview&upload_id=747">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Calatrava+in+Israel%3A+Museum+exhibition+lands+%27s+Calatrava+first+project+in+Israel&rft.pub=World+Architecture+News&rft.date=2006-12-15&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldarchitecturenews.com%2Findex.php%3Ffuseaction%3Dwanappln.projectview%26upload_id%3D747&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ToI-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ToI_39-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/we-waited-a-long-time-for-this-tel-aviv-light-rail-sets-off-after-years-of-delays/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'We waited a long time for this': Tel Aviv light rail sets off after years of delays"</a>. The Times of Israel. 2023-08-18<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-08-18</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27We+waited+a+long+time+for+this%27%3A+Tel+Aviv+light+rail+sets+off+after+years+of+delays&rft.pub=The+Times+of+Israel&rft.date=2023-08-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofisrael.com%2Fwe-waited-a-long-time-for-this-tel-aviv-light-rail-sets-off-after-years-of-delays%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoffman2007" class="citation news cs1">Hoffman, Gil (September 20, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110923125007/http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1189411442925&pagename=JPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull">"Olmert Moves to Keep Kadima United"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jerusalem_Post" title="The Jerusalem Post">The Jerusalem Post</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://fr.jpost.com/servlet/Satellite?cid=1189411442925&pagename=JPost/JPArticle/ShowFull">the original</a> on September 23, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 5,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Jerusalem+Post&rft.atitle=Olmert+Moves+to+Keep+Kadima+United&rft.date=2007-09-20&rft.aulast=Hoffman&rft.aufirst=Gil&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffr.jpost.com%2Fservlet%2FSatellite%3Fcid%3D1189411442925%26pagename%3DJPost%2FJPArticle%2FShowFull&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-script cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://muni.tik-tak.co.il/WEBPRO/project/katava1.asp?codeClient=902&CodeSubWeb=0&id=26586&projId=3673"><bdi lang="he">הנהגת הישוב, השלטון המקומי והעומדים בראשם</bdi></a> [Community Leadership, local government and their leaders] (in Hebrew). Petah Tikva Summit. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111006232532/http://muni.tik-tak.co.il/WEBPRO/project/katava1.asp?codeClient=902&CodeSubWeb=0&id=26586&projId=3673">Archived</a> from the original on October 6, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%94%D7%92%D7%AA+%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%91%2C+%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%98%D7%95%D7%9F+%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%99+%D7%95%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%A9%D7%9D&rft.pub=Petah+Tikva+Summit&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmuni.tik-tak.co.il%2FWEBPRO%2Fproject%2Fkatava1.asp%3FcodeClient%3D902%26CodeSubWeb%3D0%26id%3D26586%26projId%3D3673&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-kalisch-rotem-takes-haifa-huldai-keeps-tel-aviv-1001258621">"Kalisch-Rotem takes Haifa, Huldai keeps Tel Aviv"</a>. <i>Globes</i>. 2018-10-31. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200808005514/https://en.globes.co.il/en/article-kalisch-rotem-takes-haifa-huldai-keeps-tel-aviv-1001258621">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-08-08<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-10-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Globes&rft.atitle=Kalisch-Rotem+takes+Haifa%2C+Huldai+keeps+Tel+Aviv&rft.date=2018-10-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.globes.co.il%2Fen%2Farticle-kalisch-rotem-takes-haifa-huldai-keeps-tel-aviv-1001258621&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fsk-ko-pt.de/?page_id=65&lang=en">"Petah Tikva today"</a>. <i>Koblenz–Petah Tikva Friendship Circle</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151017064230/http://www.fsk-ko-pt.de/?page_id=65&lang=en">Archived</a> from the original on October 17, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 6,</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Koblenz%E2%80%93Petah+Tikva+Friendship+Circle&rft.atitle=Petah+Tikva+today&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fsk-ko-pt.de%2F%3Fpage_id%3D65%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080323113440/http://www.tehilla.com/aliya/places.asp?id=60">"Places to Live – Petah Tikvah"</a>. Tehilla – Pilot Trips. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 21,</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+Mikvaot+in+the+City&rft.pub=Petah+Tikva+municipality&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.petah-tikva.muni.il%2Fhtmls%2Fhebrew%2Fdat_mikveot.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.haaretz.com/.premium--1.5171245">"A hospital's journey from architectural paean to beacon of bad taste"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191106091345/https://www.haaretz.com/.premium--1.5171245">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-11-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Indiana University Press: 1–32. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2979%2Fisr.2002.7.2.1">10.2979/isr.2002.7.2.1</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/30245584">30245584</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:144392733">144392733</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Israel+Studies&rft.atitle=Sleep%2C+Teddy+Bear%2C+Sleep%3A+Independence+Park%2C+Petach+Tikva%3A+An+Israeli+Realm+of+Memory&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=7&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=1-32&rft.date=2002&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A144392733%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F30245584%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2979%2Fisr.2002.7.2.1&rft.au=Tamar+Berger&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130327030117/http://english.leumi.co.il/Articles/28365/">"Petach Tikva Museum Hosted at Leumi Bet Mani House"</a>. Bank Leumi. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.leumi.co.il/Articles/28365/">the original</a> on 2013-03-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-06-19</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Petach+Tikva+Museum+Hosted+at+Leumi+Bet+Mani+House&rft.pub=Bank+Leumi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.leumi.co.il%2FArticles%2F28365%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.haaretz.com/life/sports/1.587049">"Israeli Soccer Team Breaks New Ground: Recruits Arab Women"</a>. <i>Haaretz</i>. Associated Press. 24 April 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140430164433/http://www.haaretz.com/life/sports/1.587049">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 April</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Haaretz&rft.atitle=Israeli+Soccer+Team+Breaks+New+Ground%3A+Recruits+Arab+Women&rft.date=2014-04-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.haaretz.com%2Flife%2Fsports%2F1.587049&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haddad2013-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Haddad2013_51-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Haddad, 2013, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=2321&mag_id=120">Petah Tikva, Kh. Mulabbis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717203224/http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=2321&mag_id=120">Archived</a> 2020-07-17 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-book1-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-book1_52-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_N4hAAAAMAAJ"><i>Pioneers in Palestine: Stories of One of the First Settlers in Petach Tikvah</i></a>. G. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Band%27s+Visit&rft.atitle=The+Band%27s+Visit+Study+Guide&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthebandsvisitmusical.com%2FThe_Band%27s_Visit_Study_Guide.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.osimhistoria.com/theanswer/hatshuva_ep46">"האם פתח תקווה קיימת?"</a>. <i>רשת עושים היסטוריה</i> (in Hebrew)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=petah-tikva.muni.il&rft.atitle=%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%9D+%D7%AA%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%AA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.petah-tikva.muni.il%2FMunicipal%2FPages%2Ftwin-cities.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://armenpress.am/eng/news/991206.html">"Armenian Genocide Memorial to be unveiled in Israel"</a>. <i>armenpress.am</i>. Armenpress. 2019-10-10. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191209075622/https://armenpress.am/eng/news/991206.html">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-12-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Kadıköy. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200202220114/http://www.kadikoy.bel.tr/genel/kardes-sehirlerimiz">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-02-02<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-01-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kadikoy.bel.tr&rft.atitle=Karde%C5%9F+%C5%9Eehirlerimiz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kadikoy.bel.tr%2Fgenel%2Fkardes-sehirlerimiz&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-62"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-62">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gabrovo.bg/bg/page/12952">"Петах Тиква, Израел"</a>. <i>gabrovo.bg</i> (in Bulgarian). Gabrovo<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2020-02-24</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gabrovo.bg&rft.atitle=%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%85+%D0%A2%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0%2C+%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%BB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgabrovo.bg%2Fbg%2Fpage%2F12952&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAssis2012" class="citation journal cs1">Assis, Royee (2012-12-24). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=2132&mag_id=119">"Petah Tiqwa, Mahane Yehuda"</a> (124). Hadashot Arkheologiyot – Excavations and Surveys in Israel. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200715043324/http://www.hadashot-esi.org.il/report_detail_eng.aspx?id=2132&mag_id=119">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-07-15<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Petah+Tiqwa%2C+Mahane+Yehuda&rft.issue=124&rft.date=2012-12-24&rft.aulast=Assis&rft.aufirst=Royee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hadashot-esi.org.il%2Freport_detail_eng.aspx%3Fid%3D2132%26mag_id%3D119&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAvneri1984" class="citation book cs1">Avneri, Arieh L. (1984). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/claimofdisposses00avne_0"><i>The Claim of Dispossession: Jewish Land-Settlement and the Arabs, 1878-1948</i></a></span>. New Brunswick and London: Transaction Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0878559640" title="Special:BookSources/978-0878559640"><bdi>978-0878559640</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Claim+of+Dispossession%3A+Jewish+Land-Settlement+and+the+Arabs%2C+1878-1948&rft.place=New+Brunswick+and+London&rft.pub=Transaction+Books&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=978-0878559640&rft.aulast=Avneri&rft.aufirst=Arieh+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fclaimofdisposses00avne_0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarron,_J.B.1923" class="citation book cs1">Barron, J.B., ed. (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/PalestineCensus1922"><i>Palestine: Report and General Abstracts of the Census of 1922</i></a>. Government of Palestine.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Palestine%3A+Report+and+General+Abstracts+of+the+Census+of+1922&rft.pub=Government+of+Palestine&rft.date=1923&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FPalestineCensus1922&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBen_Ezer2013" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Ben Ezer, Ehud (2 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://library.osu.edu/projects/hebrew-lexicon/hbe/hbe00896.php">"The Yarkonim Affair"</a> [פרשת הירקונים]. <i>Ben Ezer News [חדשות בן עזר], no. 896</i> (in Hebrew)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ben+Ezer+News+%5B%D7%97%D7%93%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%AA+%D7%91%D7%9F+%D7%A2%D7%96%D7%A8%5D%2C+no.+896&rft.atitle=The+Yarkonim+Affair&rft.date=2013-12-02&rft.aulast=Ben+Ezer&rft.aufirst=Ehud&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flibrary.osu.edu%2Fprojects%2Fhebrew-lexicon%2Fhbe%2Fhbe00896.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlassKark1991" class="citation book cs1">Glass, Joseph B.; Kark, Ruth (1991). <i>Sephardi Entrepreneurs in Eretz Israel: The Amzalak Family, 1816-1918</i>. Jerusalem: Magnes Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9652237514" title="Special:BookSources/978-9652237514"><bdi>978-9652237514</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sephardi+Entrepreneurs+in+Eretz+Israel%3A+The+Amzalak+Family%2C+1816-1918&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pub=Magnes+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-9652237514&rft.aulast=Glass&rft.aufirst=Joseph+B.&rft.au=Kark%2C+Ruth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKhalidi1992" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Walid_Khalidi" title="Walid Khalidi">Khalidi, W.</a> (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ"><i>All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Washington_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Washington D.C.">Washington D.C.</a>: <a href="/wiki/Institute_for_Palestine_Studies" title="Institute for Palestine Studies">Institute for Palestine Studies</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-88728-224-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-88728-224-9"><bdi>978-0-88728-224-9</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190321100425/https://books.google.com/books?id=_By7AAAAIAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-03-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-31</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=All+That+Remains%3A+The+Palestinian+Villages+Occupied+and+Depopulated+by+Israel+in+1948&rft.place=Washington+D.C.&rft.pub=Institute+for+Palestine+Studies&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-0-88728-224-9&rft.aulast=Khalidi&rft.aufirst=W.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_By7AAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarom2019" class="citation journal cs1">Marom, Roy (2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ypeq20">"A short history of Mulabbis (Petah Tikva, Israel)"</a>. <b>151</b> (2). Palestine Exploration Quarterly: 134–145. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190513202656/https://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ypeq20">Archived</a> from the original on 2019-05-13<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-08-25</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+short+history+of+Mulabbis+%28Petah+Tikva%2C+Israel%29&rft.volume=151&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=134-145&rft.date=2019&rft.aulast=Marom&rft.aufirst=Roy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tandfonline.com%2Floi%2Fypeq20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Cite journal requires <code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#missing_periodical" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMills,_E.1932" class="citation book cs1">Mills, E., ed. (1932). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/CensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas"><i>Census of Palestine 1931. Population of Villages, Towns and Administrative Areas</i></a>. Jerusalem: Government of Palestine.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Census+of+Palestine+1931.+Population+of+Villages%2C+Towns+and+Administrative+Areas&rft.place=Jerusalem&rft.pub=Government+of+Palestine&rft.date=1932&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FCensusOfPalestine1931.PopulationOfVillagesTownsAndAdministrativeAreas&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetah+Tikva" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petah_Tikva&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/Pages/PetachTikvaE.aspx">Municipality's official website</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210119062257/https://www.petah-tikva.muni.il/Pages/PetachTikvaE.aspx">Archived</a> 2021-01-19 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbase.com/rdavid/petahtikva">Photos of Petah Tikva</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/maps/NNL_MAPS_JER003520667/NLI#$FL60915897">Cadastral map of Petah Tiqva, Ein Ganim, Al Mirr, Mahne Yehuda, 1934</a> - Eran Laor Cartographic Collection, The <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" title="National Library of Israel">National Library of Israel</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Central_District_(Israel)" title="Template:Central District (Israel)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Central_District_(Israel)" title="Template talk:Central District (Israel)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Central_District_(Israel)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Central District (Israel)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Central_District_of_Israel" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Central_District_(Israel)" title="Central District (Israel)">Central District</a> of <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_council_(Israel)" title="City council (Israel)">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/El%27ad" title="El'ad">El'ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giv%27at_Shmuel" title="Giv'at Shmuel">Giv'at Shmuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hod_HaSharon" title="Hod HaSharon">Hod HaSharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Qasim" title="Kafr Qasim">Kafr Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfar_Saba" title="Kfar Saba">Kfar Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfar_Yona" title="Kfar Yona">Kfar Yona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lod" title="Lod">Lod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modi%27in-Maccabim-Re%27ut" title="Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut">Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_Ziona" title="Ness Ziona">Ness Ziona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netanya" title="Netanya">Netanya</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Petah Tikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalansawe" title="Qalansawe">Qalansawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%27anana" title="Ra'anana">Ra'anana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramla" title="Ramla">Ramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehovot" title="Rehovot">Rehovot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishon_LeZion" title="Rishon LeZion">Rishon LeZion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosh_HaAyin" title="Rosh HaAyin">Rosh HaAyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayibe" title="Tayibe">Tayibe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tira,_Israel" title="Tira, Israel">Tira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavne" title="Yavne">Yavne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehud-Monosson" title="Yehud-Monosson">Yehud-Monosson</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Israel_center_dist.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Israel_center_dist.svg/70px-Israel_center_dist.svg.png" decoding="async" width="70" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Israel_center_dist.svg/105px-Israel_center_dist.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Israel_center_dist.svg/140px-Israel_center_dist.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="540" data-file-height="990" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Local_council_(Israel)" title="Local council (Israel)">Local councils</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Be%27er_Ya%27akov" title="Be'er Ya'akov">Be'er Ya'akov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Dagan" title="Beit Dagan">Beit Dagan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bnei_Ayish" title="Bnei Ayish">Bnei Ayish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elyakhin" title="Elyakhin">Elyakhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Even_Yehuda" title="Even Yehuda">Even Yehuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gan_Yavne" title="Gan Yavne">Gan Yavne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganei_Tikva" title="Ganei Tikva">Ganei Tikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gedera" title="Gedera">Gedera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaljulia" title="Jaljulia">Jaljulia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Bara" title="Kafr Bara">Kafr Bara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Ekron" title="Kiryat Ekron">Kiryat Ekron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kokhav_Ya%27ir" title="Kokhav Ya'ir">Kokhav Ya'ir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazkeret_Batya" title="Mazkeret Batya">Mazkeret Batya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pardesiya" title="Pardesiya">Pardesiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savyon" title="Savyon">Savyon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoham" title="Shoham">Shoham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Mond" title="Tel Mond">Tel Mond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kadima-Zoran" title="Kadima-Zoran">Kadima-Zoran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zemer" title="Zemer">Zemer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regional_council_(Israel)" title="Regional council (Israel)">Regional councils</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brenner_Regional_Council" title="Brenner Regional Council">Brenner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gan_Raveh_Regional_Council" title="Gan Raveh Regional Council">Gan Raveh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gederot_Regional_Council" title="Gederot Regional Council">Gederot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gezer_Regional_Council" title="Gezer Regional Council">Gezer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drom_HaSharon_Regional_Council" title="Drom HaSharon Regional Council">Drom HaSharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hefer_Valley_Regional_Council" title="Hefer Valley Regional Council">Hefer Valley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hevel_Modi%27in_Regional_Council" title="Hevel Modi'in Regional Council">Hevel Modi'in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hevel_Yavne_Regional_Council" title="Hevel Yavne Regional Council">Hevel Yavne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hof_HaSharon_Regional_Council" title="Hof HaSharon Regional Council">Hof HaSharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lev_HaSharon_Regional_Council" title="Lev HaSharon Regional Council">Lev HaSharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahal_Sorek_Regional_Council" title="Nahal Sorek Regional Council">Nahal Sorek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sdot_Dan_Regional_Council" title="Sdot Dan Regional Council">Sdot Dan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Borough" title="Borough">Boroughs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Modi%27in-Maccabim-Re%27ut" title="Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut">Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neve_Monosson" title="Neve Monosson">Neve Monosson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gush_Dan" title="Gush Dan">Gush Dan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharon_plain" title="Sharon plain">Sharon plain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><b>Other sub-divisions</b>: <a href="/wiki/Haifa_District" title="Haifa District">Haifa District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem_District" title="Jerusalem District">Jerusalem District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Judea_and_Samaria_Area" title="Judea and Samaria Area">Judea and Samaria Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Northern_District_(Israel)" title="Northern District (Israel)">Northern District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Southern_District_(Israel)" title="Southern District (Israel)">Southern District</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv_District" title="Tel Aviv District">Tel Aviv District</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Israeli_cities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Largest_Israeli_cities" title="Template:Largest Israeli cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Largest_Israeli_cities" title="Template talk:Largest Israeli cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Largest_Israeli_cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Largest Israeli cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Israeli_cities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Israel" title="List of cities in Israel">Israeli cities</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">300,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a> <small>(East, West)</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000–299,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashdod" title="Ashdod">Ashdod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beersheba" title="Beersheba">Beersheba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bnei_Brak" title="Bnei Brak">Bnei Brak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haifa" title="Haifa">Haifa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netanya" title="Netanya">Netanya</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Petah Tikva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishon_LeZion" title="Rishon LeZion">Rishon LeZion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000–199,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashkelon" title="Ashkelon">Ashkelon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bat_Yam" title="Bat Yam">Bat Yam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_Shemesh" title="Beit Shemesh">Beit Shemesh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herzliya" title="Herzliya">Herzliya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holon" title="Holon">Holon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfar_Saba" title="Kfar Saba">Kfar Saba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_Gan" title="Ramat Gan">Ramat Gan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rehovot" title="Rehovot">Rehovot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">50,000–99,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afula" title="Afula">Afula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eilat" title="Eilat">Eilat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Givatayim" title="Givatayim">Givatayim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadera" title="Hadera">Hadera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hod_HaSharon" title="Hod HaSharon">Hod HaSharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Ata" title="Kiryat Ata">Kiryat Ata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Gat" title="Kiryat Gat">Kiryat Gat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lod" title="Lod">Lod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modi%27in-Maccabim-Re%27ut" title="Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut">Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahariya" title="Nahariya">Nahariya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazareth" title="Nazareth">Nazareth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ness_Ziona" title="Ness Ziona">Ness Ziona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ra%27anana" title="Ra'anana">Ra'anana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahat" title="Rahat">Rahat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramla" title="Ramla">Ramla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosh_HaAyin" title="Rosh HaAyin">Rosh HaAyin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umm_al-Fahm" title="Umm al-Fahm">Umm al-Fahm</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">15,000–49,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acre,_Israel" title="Acre, Israel">Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arad,_Israel" title="Arad, Israel">Arad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arraba,_Israel" title="Arraba, Israel">Arraba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baqa_al-Gharbiyye" title="Baqa al-Gharbiyye">Baqa al-Gharbiyye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beit_She%27an" title="Beit She'an">Beit She'an</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimona" title="Dimona">Dimona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El%27ad" title="El'ad">El'ad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giv%27at_Shmuel" title="Giv'at Shmuel">Giv'at Shmuel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafr_Qasim" title="Kafr Qasim">Kafr Qasim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karmiel" title="Karmiel">Karmiel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kfar_Yona" title="Kfar Yona">Kfar Yona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Bialik" title="Kiryat Bialik">Kiryat Bialik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Malakhi" title="Kiryat Malakhi">Kiryat Malakhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Motzkin" title="Kiryat Motzkin">Kiryat Motzkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Ono" title="Kiryat Ono">Kiryat Ono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Shmona" title="Kiryat Shmona">Kiryat Shmona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiryat_Yam" title="Kiryat Yam">Kiryat Yam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ma%27alot-Tarshiha" title="Ma'alot-Tarshiha">Ma'alot-Tarshiha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Migdal_HaEmek" title="Migdal HaEmek">Migdal HaEmek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nesher" title="Nesher">Nesher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netivot" title="Netivot">Netivot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nof_HaGalil" title="Nof HaGalil">Nof HaGalil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ofakim" title="Ofakim">Ofakim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Or_Akiva" title="Or Akiva">Or Akiva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Or_Yehuda" title="Or Yehuda">Or Yehuda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qalansawe" title="Qalansawe">Qalansawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramat_HaSharon" title="Ramat HaSharon">Ramat HaSharon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safed" title="Safed">Safed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakhnin" title="Sakhnin">Sakhnin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sderot" title="Sderot">Sderot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shefa-Amr" title="Shefa-Amr">Shefa-Amr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamra" title="Tamra">Tamra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tayibe" title="Tayibe">Tayibe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiberias" title="Tiberias">Tiberias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tira,_Israel" title="Tira, Israel">Tira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tirat_Carmel" title="Tirat Carmel">Tirat Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yavne" title="Yavne">Yavne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yehud-Monosson" title="Yehud-Monosson">Yehud-Monosson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yokneam_Illit" title="Yokneam Illit">Yokneam Illit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190828#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190828#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190828#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/137276560">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1234171/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJjxx6XFPFrGDv4mjChvHC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" 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