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type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@id":"https://www.scmp.com/news","name":"News"},"position":1},{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@id":"https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong","name":"Hong Kong"},"position":2},{"@type":"ListItem","item":{"@id":"https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/hong-kong-economy","name":"Hong Kong Economy"},"position":3}]}</script><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@id":"https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/hong-kong-economy/article/3287290/loyal-hong-kong-shoppers-forgo-shenzhen-channel-hometown-pride-support-local-businesses","@type":"WebPage"}</script><script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":["NewsArticle","ReportageNewsArticle"],"alternativeHeadline":"Why some Hong Kong shoppers are ditching bargains in mainland China","articleBody":"Hong Kong homemaker and part-time teacher Tam Mei-ling is on a personal mission to preserve her city’s cultural landscape and identity.\nThe 48-year-old mother of two does that by supporting local businesses and refraining from joining the crowd of Hongkongers heading across the border to shop and eat in mainland China.\nShe told the Post that this was important, especially for people such as her, who had chosen to remain amid the wave of emigration following the social unrest of 2019, Beijing’s imposition of the national security law and the Covid-19 pandemic.\nSaddened to see Hong Kong shops, restaurants and other businesses closing, she said: “It’s heartbreaking to see how much things have gone downhill.”\nAs for those who prefer to stretch their dollar on the mainland, she said: “I don’t want to use the word ‘abandon’, but it does feel that way … they have abandoned the city they are still living in, and I find it hard to understand.”\nTam is one of a small group of Hongkongers adamant in their support of local businesses, with some even rejecting the idea of going to the mainland at all, despite the higher prices in the city.\nSome have taken to social media to talk about their choice and complain about being criticised by family and friends for bucking the trend.\n“Is it pointless and idiotic of me to insist on spending locally, instead of heading up north?” asked one social media user. “I feel like nobody else in my life supports me.”\nThat post in July attracted around 4,300 likes and more than 700 comments, with many agreeing and expressing support, or lamenting that they were part of a shrinking minority.\nEver since the borders reopened in February 2023, after three years of strict anti-pandemic restrictions, Hong Kong businesses have been struggling, with ongoing store closures even hitting established retail chains and restaurants.\nOne reason is that high-spending mainland visitors have not returned in as large numbers as before the pandemic, not least because of the unsteady economy across the border and Hong Kong’s relatively strong dollar.\n\nAlso, in a turnaround from a decade ago, Hongkongers have begun flocking to places such as Shenzhen for dining, entertainment and even shopping for their daily necessities and groceries.\nHongkongers who stayed home to support local businesses told the Post they did so for the assurance of quality, personal political values, established human connections, or sheer “stubbornness”.\nHomemaker Tam, for one, said she preferred local products not only for their quality, but also their “Hong Kong characteristics” and a sense of familiarity that only Hongkongers would understand.\nAt a time when about 500,000 residents have emigrated, she felt it was important to teach her children, aged nine and 11, about having a sense of belonging and identity.\n“Those who have the means have left, and their reasons for doing so are valid,” she said. “For those of us who have chosen to stay, we try to persist and hold on.”\nTam said people had asked why she did not take her children to visit the mainland.\nHer reply: “There are a lot of great places for children in Hong Kong that they haven’t visited either, so why not take time to learn about their home city?”\nTam said she was loyal in patronising some shops, even those that were a distance from her home in Sai Kung, and did not mind travelling 20 minutes by public transport to an organic goods shop in Hang Hau, for example.\n“It started when my daughter was younger and developed a health condition. She needed to drink a certain type of formula, and this was one of the few shops that carried it,” she said. “Now I continue to buy all my shampoos and soaps there as well.”\nCareful about food products\nKelvin Chan, 42, who works in the manufacturing sector, has not been to the mainland for many years.\nHis Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macau Residents, commonly known as the “home return permit”, expired about a decade ago and he said he had no plans to renew it.\nWhile acknowledging the “great advancements” on the mainland over the years, he could not shake off his doubts about quality.\nThe father of a six-year-old son, he had previously worked closely with mainland suppliers and found the quality of products to be uneven, unreliable or subject to less stringent standards.\n“Of course, sometimes you spend money on something and the worst that can happen is it breaks or stops working, and you just buy it again from somewhere else,” he said.\n“But when it comes to food or other items that enter the body, I think that can be risky.”\nDespite his support for local businesses, however, he could not help feeling uncertain for their future.\n“Sometimes, I feel it’s a kind of blind, pure stubbornness to persist,” he said. “I know the HK$500 [US$64] I occasionally spend at a shop isn’t going to do much in the grand scheme of things,” he said.\n\n‘Pandemic ended, but rents shot up’\nThe latest official data showed the value of total retail sales in September dropped by 6.9 per cent to HK$29.6 billion compared with the same month in 2023. It was the seventh consecutive month of decline.\nAnnie Tse Yau On-yee, chairwoman of the Hong Kong Retail Management Association, had earlier said the city should expect an overall percentage decline in the low double digits for the entire year.\nShe said the retail sector had hit “rock bottom”, but was hopeful for growth in 2025.\nOne local business hit by post-pandemic woes was Be Water Mart, which opened in 2020 and at its peak had four outlets selling made-in-Hong Kong goods such as locally brewed beers, snacks and cosmetics.\nIt closed its last store in Tai Wai in February.\n“I spent some time in Taiwan during my studies and there, I observed many made-in-Taiwan products and shops … it made me wonder why Hong Kong did not seem to have any of its own,” co-founder Dream Law Ting-fai said.\nLaw, a former opposition politician who was an assistant to ex-lawmaker Raymond Wong Yuk-man and an unsuccessful district council candidate, said that while the brand expanded during the pandemic, it faced major challenges after restrictions were lifted.\nA prompt rise in rents was among the factors that led to his outlets closing one after the other.\n“My team and I were pessimistic about the outlook for Hong Kong’s retail market as fewer tourists were coming while locals scrambled to leave for holidays,” he said.\nThe brand has since switched to concentrate on e-commerce, focusing more on its home-made popcorn products with local flavours such as stir-fried beef noodles, soy sauce and shrimp roe.\nHe has opened a small popcorn shop at the Star Ferry Pier in Central.\n“We are a Hong Kong brand, so we feel it is important to have a physical presence here,” he said.\n‘When there’s no crisis, people forget’\nBusinesswoman Debby Chan Ka-lam, a former Sai Kung district councillor, lamented that Hongkongers had forgotten how critical local businesses were during the three years of the pandemic.\nShe recalled the period when there was a severe shortage of fresh produce from the mainland after a number of cross-border truck drivers tested positive for Covid-19.\n“That was when local vegetable farmers became the centre of attention,” she said. “But then, everyone forgets.\n“When do people remember Hong Kong farmers? Only when there’s a typhoon or when there’s no food available due to a lockdown.”\nChan owned a store selling local products such as postcards, books, incense and snacks, but closed it in April because of prolonged poor sales.\nHigh rents were an issue, she said, noting that despite all the shop closures, landlords remained reluctant to lower rents.\n“Even now, more than six months after I moved out, the premises remain empty,” she said.\n\nShop with your heart or your head?\nYong Chen, an associate professor who focuses on Chinese economics, marketing and tourism at the top-ranked EHL Hospitality Business School in Switzerland, said it was understandable there would be some people in a place such as Hong Kong who would support local goods and businesses.\nHe said people formed attachments to certain goods, especially items they had used for a long time, and “the emotional benefits of these goods and services simply override their economic benefits”.\n“Consumers also have sympathy for businesses in economic hardship, and hope these businesses can weather the difficult times with their purchases and support,” he said.\nBut he added that it was inevitable most people would make purchasing choices based on economics – choosing to shop where their dollar stretched furthest – making it hard for the city’s businesses to rely on sentiment alone.\nChen said the ongoing business closures contributed to a vicious cycle.\nHe said Hong Kong was becoming relatively expensive for some consumer goods and services, and this was reflected in the closure of restaurants and retail shops.\nThat only made the city’s prices even more unattractive compared with those on the mainland.\n\nPessimistic about the outlook for the near future, he said Hong Kong’s economic troubles were largely beyond its control.\n“Local businesses are not the cause but the victims of deglobalisation and many other external challenges,” he said.\n“Like other open and advanced economies, Hong Kong depends on international demand in a multitude of sectors, and it is still uncertain when the demand can recover to sustain the growth of local businesses.”\nMeanwhile, he added, the increased connectivity between Hong Kong and the mainland had inevitably contributed to the situation, making it easy for Hongkongers to travel across the border to shop, eat and relax.\nOther experts argued that while better-off middle-class Hongkongers might not be interested in spending on the mainland, economic uncertainties had affected their shopping habits too.\n“This group is supposed to be the core pillar of consumption, but waning confidence about the economic outlook may still lead them to spend more cautiously,” said Gary Ng Cheuk-yan, a senior economist with Natixis Corporate and Investment Bank.\nBanking on human connections\nEmbarking on her online business selling treats such as scones and apple pies, Hong Kong pastry chef Amely Au Yee-tung, was counting on building a clientele of Hongkongers willing to support a local business.\nShe said she had always valued the human connection offered by relationships built over years in the same neighbourhood.\n“When I was preparing my studio, I went to a small paper offerings shop at the market and forgot to bring cash. The shop owner told me it was not a problem and I could pay her later,” the 30-year-old said.\n“There were also times I was short of a few dollars to pay for lunch, and the market food stall owner, who knew I worked nearby, told me I could pay the next day.”\nShe recalled that when she returned three days later, the owner smiled and said: “Oh, you remembered!”\nAu said: “These warm daily interactions are experiences you can’t find in other places.”\nAfter completing her studies at the Cordon Bleu culinary school in London last December, she chose to return to Hong Kong despite having a job offer there.\n“I didn’t want to leave the place where I grew up,” she said.\nStarting her own business, she realised there were many other people similar to her, “quietly working for their dreams” in an effort to diversify Hong Kong products beyond the offerings of chain stores.\n“Hong Kong truly has many hidden gems, I hope it will not be solely dominated by mainland or foreign brands,” she said.\nAlthough her business was still new, she said she already had a group of loyal customers despite her pastries being pricier than on the mainland.\n“I think this shows that Hong Kong people are willing to spend, but they have just become more selective,” she said.\n","articleSection":"Hong Kong Economy","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Wynna Wong","sameAs":"https://www.scmp.com/author/wynna-wong"},"dateCreated":"2024-11-20T00:16:02+08:00","dateModified":"2024-11-20T11:12:57+08:00","datePublished":"2024-11-20T07:00:09+08:00","description":"Quality assurance, political values, human ties and ‘stubbornness’ among reasons they stay home to shop.","genre":"News","hasPart":{"@type":"WebPageElement","cssSelector":".piano-metering__paywall-container","isAccessibleForFree":"False"},"headline":"Loyal Hong Kong shoppers forgo Shenzhen, channel hometown pride to support local 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data-qa="GenericArticle-Content" class="css-1nbm1qt ea45u6l10"><section class="er6t7fe38 css-19sk4h4 e1pqt1t0" data-qa="ContentBody-ContentBodyContainer"><div class="js-reading-0-percent-completion-tracker css-19icq8a ekyy9du0" data-qa="useTrackViewedPercentageRender-trackViewedPercentageRenders-TrackPercentageBlock"></div><p datatype="p" data-qa="Component-Component" class="e8zc9q40 css-1c6uqr6 ec74h0k1">Hong Kong homemaker and part-time teacher Tam Mei-ling is on a personal mission to preserve her city’s cultural landscape and identity.</p><div data-qa="InlineAdSlot-Container" class=" css-zl1inp e11v3ui14"><div class="e11v3ui10 e11v3ui13 css-y2bwcc e1flwkbl0" data-qa="AdSlot-Container"><div data-qa="AdSlot-Label" class="css-1t8iakn e1flwkbl3">Advertisement</div><div data-qa="AdSlot-AdSlotContainer" class="css-0 e1flwkbl2"></div></div></div><p datatype="p" data-qa="Component-Component" class="e8zc9q40 css-1c6uqr6 ec74h0k1">The 48-year-old mother of two does that by supporting local businesses and refraining from joining the crowd of Hongkongers heading across the border to shop and eat in mainland China.</p><p datatype="p" data-qa="Component-Component" class="e8zc9q40 css-1c6uqr6 ec74h0k1">She told the Post that this was important, especially for people such as her, who had chosen to remain amid the wave of emigration following the social unrest of 2019, Beijing’s imposition of the national security law and the Covid-19 pandemic.</p><p datatype="p" data-qa="Component-Component" class="e8zc9q40 css-1c6uqr6 ec74h0k1">Saddened to see Hong Kong shops, restaurants and other businesses closing, she said: “It’s heartbreaking to see how much things have gone downhill.”</p><p datatype="p" data-qa="Component-Component" class="e8zc9q40 css-1c6uqr6 ec74h0k1">As for those who prefer to stretch their dollar on the mainland, she said: “I don’t want to use the word ‘abandon’, but it does feel that way … they have abandoned the city they are still living in, and I find it hard to understand.”</p><div data-qa="InlineAdSlot-Container" class=" css-zl1inp e11v3ui14"><div class="e11v3ui10 e11v3ui13 css-gy323d e1flwkbl0" data-qa="AdSlot-Container"><div data-qa="AdSlot-Label" class="css-1t8iakn e1flwkbl3">Advertisement</div><div data-qa="AdSlot-AdSlotContainer" class="css-0 e1flwkbl2"></div></div></div><p datatype="p" data-qa="Component-Component" class="e8zc9q40 css-1c6uqr6 ec74h0k1">Tam is one of a small group of Hongkongers adamant in their support of local businesses, with some even rejecting the idea of going to the mainland at all, despite the higher prices in the city.</p><p datatype="p" data-qa="Component-Component" class="e8zc9q40 css-1c6uqr6 ec74h0k1">Some have taken to social media to talk about their choice and complain about being criticised by family and friends for bucking the trend.</p></section></div><div data-qa="GenericArticle-PaywallContainer" class="css-1kfpym9 ea45u6l1"><div class="er6t7fe18 piano-metering__paywall-container css-1e938sv 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...helpersUseContentSponsorContent\n ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment articleTitleArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n authors {\n name\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleTopicContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n ...topicLinkTopic\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleTopicFollowWidgetArticle on Article {\n topics {\n ...topicLinkTopic\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n disableFollow\n entityId\n name\n entityUuid\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleTopicWidgetArticle on Article {\n entityId\n sponsorType\n firstTopic {\n ...entityLink\n ...followButtonBase\n name\n disableFollow\n contents(first: 4, orderBy: {field: PUBLISHED_DATE, direction: DESC}) {\n edges {\n node {\n __typename\n entityId\n ...articleWidgetContent\n id\n }\n }\n }\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleTopicsContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n ...topicLinkTopic\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n entityId\n entityUuid\n name\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleVocabBoxArticle on Article {\n glossary {\n term\n translation\n description {\n json\n }\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment articleWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n urlAlias\n ... on Article {\n sponsorType\n }\n ...entityLink\n ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_2aLOLQ\n}\n\nfragment atomsCurrentArticleAtomBase_3o8td4 on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Article {\n ...articleSeoArticle_3o8td4\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n ...headerContentBookmarkArticle\n ...headerContentCommentTrigger\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...helpersUseSharingUrl\n ...articleShareWidgetArticle\n ...hooksTrackPageViewArticle\n ...hooksContentInterestArticle\n ...hooksUseCurrentArticleIdsArticle\n ...hooksUseNotificationReadStatusArticle\n ...onboardingNewsletterSubscriptionArticle\n }\n}\n\nfragment atomsCurrentNotificationSectionAtomBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n ...hooksUseNotificationsSection\n id\n }\n }\n ... on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n ...hooksUseNotificationsSection\n id\n }\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment atomsCurrentStyleCardCarouselWidgetSectionsAtomBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n name\n id\n }\n }\n }\n ... on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n name\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment atomsCurrentTakeoverAdSectionsAtomBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n }\n ... on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorAvatarAuthor on Author {\n ...entityLink\n entityId\n entityUuid\n name\n image(filter: {type: AUTHOR_IMAGE}) {\n style(filter: {style: \"300x300\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorAvatarsArticle on Article {\n authors {\n entityId\n ...authorAvatarAuthor\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorBioAuthor on Author {\n bio\n}\n\nfragment authorCardAuthor on Author {\n ...styleAuthorCardAuthor\n ...defaultAuthorCardAuthor\n ...plusAuthorCardAuthor\n}\n\nfragment authorNameAuthor on Author {\n ...entityLink\n name\n entityUuid\n}\n\nfragment authorNamesArticle on Article {\n authorLocations\n authors {\n entityId\n location\n ...authorNameAuthor\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorRoleAuthor on Author {\n role {\n text\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorSocialLinksAuthor on Author {\n socialLinks {\n class\n title\n url\n }\n}\n\nfragment beforeYouGoActionWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...shareArticle20Content\n ...articleShareWidgetArticle\n entityId\n urlAlias\n shortUrl\n headline\n socialHeadline\n}\n\nfragment blockquoteQuoteContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment blockquoteQuoteGenericPostiesArticleContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment blockquoteQuotePlusGenericArticleContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment breadcrumbNewsletterArticleArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment buttonArticleSpeechInlineWidgetGenericButtonArticle on Article {\n entityId\n socialHeadline\n headline\n}\n\nfragment carouselArticleSeriesCarouselArticle on Article {\n entityId\n seriesContainer {\n entityId\n headline\n socialHeadline\n urlAlias\n series {\n __typename\n ... on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n urlAlias\n ...articleSeriesCarouselContent\n }\n ... on Node {\n __isNode: __typename\n id\n }\n }\n ...entityLink\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentActionBarContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n createdDate\n updatedDate\n publishedDate\n readingTime\n ...articleCommentArticle\n ...helpersIsArticleVideoAsHeroArticle\n ...helpersGetContentTypeNameContent\n ... on Article {\n hasVideoContent\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentBodyContent_3o8td4 on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {\n json\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverImageContent_1OCN1a on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n images {\n url\n title\n type\n size768x768: style(filter: {style: \"768x768\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverImageContent_3ndUvy on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n images {\n url\n title\n type\n size540x360: style(filter: {style: \"540x360\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverImageContent_4isNar on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n images {\n url\n title\n type\n landscape250x99: style(filter: {style: \"landscape_250_99\"}) {\n url\n }\n size540x360: style(filter: {style: \"540x360\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverImageContent_D9JlW on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n images {\n url\n title\n type\n size80x80: style(filter: {style: \"80x80\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverVideoContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ... on Article {\n multimediaEmbed {\n json\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentHeadlineContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n socialHeadline\n ...contentHeadlineTagContent\n ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent\n}\n\nfragment contentHeadlineTagContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent\n}\n\nfragment contentLiveArticleArticle on Article {\n ...itemLiveArticleContentArticle\n}\n\nfragment contentLiveTagContent on Article {\n ...helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle\n}\n\nfragment contentNewsletterArticleArticle on Article {\n entityId\n relatedLinks\n}\n\nfragment contentNewsletterWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n relatedNewsletters {\n ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter\n id\n }\n id\n }\n sections {\n value {\n relatedNewsletters {\n ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter\n id\n }\n id\n }\n }\n ... on Article {\n relatedNewsletters {\n ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentPublishedDateContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n publishedDate\n}\n\nfragment contentReadMoreButtonContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...appButtonContent\n}\n\nfragment contentSchemaRenderContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...blockquoteQuoteContent\n ...imageContent\n ...inlineWidgetContent\n ...photoGalleryWidgetContent\n ...scmpYoutubeContent\n}\n\nfragment contentShareWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n urlAlias\n shortUrl\n socialHeadline\n headline\n}\n\nfragment contentSponsorTagContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent\n}\n\nfragment contentSubHeadlineContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n subHeadline {\n json\n }\n summary {\n json\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment contentSummaryContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n __typename\n summary {\n text\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentUpdatedDateContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n updatedDate\n}\n\nfragment contextsArticleListContextProviderArticle on Article {\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment contextsContentReadMoreContextProviderContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ... on Article {\n sponsorType\n }\n}\n\nfragment copyLinkArticle20CopyLinkContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n urlAlias\n shortUrl\n headline\n socialHeadline\n}\n\nfragment defaultArticleDateContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...hooksArticleDateUtilsContent\n}\n\nfragment defaultAuthorCardAuthor on Author {\n ...authorAvatarAuthor\n ...authorBioAuthor\n ...authorNameAuthor\n ...authorRoleAuthor\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n ...followButtonBase\n}\n\nfragment entityFollowButtonBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Section {\n entityId\n name\n }\n ... on Author {\n entityId\n name\n disableFollow\n }\n ... on Topic {\n entityId\n name\n disableFollow\n }\n}\n\nfragment entityLink on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n entityId\n entityUuid\n urlAlias\n urlRedirect {\n toUrl\n id\n }\n application {\n entityId\n id\n }\n ... on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n id\n }\n parentSection\n }\n ...helpersAppBarVariantBase\n ...helpersApplicationBase\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle\n ...helpersStyleSectionContent\n}\n\nfragment followButtonBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment genericArticleContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n flag\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n ...articleBaseAdvertisingInfoArticle\n ...articleRelatedTopicsContent\n ...contentNewsletterWidgetContent\n ...globalCheckerContent\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n ...hooksContentHelperContent\n ...shareArticle20Content\n}\n\nfragment genericArticleSpeechInlineWidgetGenericArticle on Article {\n entityId\n ...buttonArticleSpeechInlineWidgetGenericButtonArticle\n ...hooksShowGenericInlineWidgetByArticleArticle\n ...toolTipArticleSpeechWidgetToolTipArticle\n}\n\nfragment genericPostiesArticleContent_3o8td4 on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n name\n urlAlias\n id\n }\n }\n authors {\n name\n id\n }\n publishedDate\n additionalInfoBoxes {\n ...articleAdditionalInfoBoxArticle\n }\n ...genericPostiesArticleVocabBoxArticle\n ...blockquoteQuoteGenericPostiesArticleContent\n ...articleBaseAdvertisingInfoArticle\n ...contentBodyContent_3o8td4\n}\n\nfragment genericPostiesArticleVocabBoxArticle on Article {\n glossary {\n term\n translation\n description {\n json\n }\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment geoLocationMainLocationArticle on Article {\n entityId\n entityUuid\n firstTopic {\n contents(first: 4, orderBy: {field: PUBLISHED_DATE, direction: DESC}) {\n edges {\n node {\n __typename\n entityId\n ...articleWidgetContent\n id\n }\n }\n }\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment globalCheckerContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...articlePianoPaywallContent\n}\n\nfragment headerContentBookmarkArticle on Article {\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment headerContentCommentTrigger on Article {\n ...articleCommentsTriggerArticle\n}\n\nfragment headerMorningStudioArticle on Article {\n ...articleSponsorContent\n ...subheaderMorningStudioSubheaderContent\n headline\n coverDesktop: image(filter: {type: COVER}) {\n url\n }\n coverMobile: image(filter: {type: COVER_MOBILE}) {\n url\n }\n}\n\nfragment headerNewsletterArticleArticle on Article {\n headline\n ...issuesNewsletterArticleArticle\n ...breadcrumbNewsletterArticleArticle\n ...widgetNewsletterArticleArticle\n}\n\nfragment helpersAppBarVariantBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n ...helpersCheckIsLiveArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage\n ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...helpersSectionContent\n ...helpersStyleSectionContent\n}\n\nfragment helpersApplicationBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckArticleIsInSectionsArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckArticleRenderTypeArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckCanShowInPlusPlatformArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckCanShowInPlusPlatformArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckArticleIsInSectionsArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle on Article {\n flattenTypeIds\n liveArticle {\n status\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection on Section {\n name\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle on Article {\n entityId\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n topics {\n sponsor {\n entityId\n id\n }\n id\n }\n disableOffPlatformContent\n sponsorType\n published\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsLiveArticle on Article {\n flattenTypeIds\n liveArticle {\n status\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPlusArticle on Article {\n paywallTypes {\n entityUuid\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPlusPage on Page {\n urlAlias\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPostiesPage on Page {\n urlAlias\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsStyleArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersGetArticleTypeArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersGetArticleTypeNameArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersGetContentTypeNameContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Article {\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeNameArticle\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersGetPdfFileUrlArticle on Article {\n pdfFiles {\n url\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersIsArchiveWallArticle on Article {\n ...helpersIsVelocityWallArticle\n createdDate\n publishedDate\n paywallTypes {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersIsArticleVideoAsHeroArticle on Article {\n multimediaEmbed {\n json\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersIsVelocityWallArticle on Article {\n paywallTypes {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter on Newsletter {\n entityId\n name\n alternativeName\n description {\n text\n }\n summary {\n text\n }\n homepageDescription {\n text\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle on Article {\n authors {\n types\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle on Article {\n authors {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSectionContent on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSendPdfFileTrackingArticle on Article {\n entityId\n pdfFiles {\n name\n }\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n}\n\nfragment helpersStyleSectionContent on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersUseContentSponsorContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n entityId\n sponsor {\n ...sponsorTagSponsor\n name\n type\n id\n }\n id\n }\n ... on Article {\n sponsorType\n }\n ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent\n}\n\nfragment helpersUseSharingUrl on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n urlAlias\n}\n\nfragment hooksAmpRedirectArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle\n}\n\nfragment hooksArticleAcknowledgementGateOverlayArticle on Article {\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment hooksArticleDateUtilsContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n createdDate\n publishedDate\n updatedDate\n}\n\nfragment hooksArticleSeoArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent\n ...helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle\n entityId\n headline\n socialHeadline\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n authors {\n entityId\n id\n }\n images {\n generic_og: style(filter: {style: \"og_image_scmp_generic\"}) {\n url\n }\n styles(filter: {styles: [\"og_image_posties_article\", \"og_postmag\", \"og_image_style\", \"og_image_scmp_analysis\", \"og_image_scmp_explainer\", \"og_image_scmp_editorial\", \"og_image_scmp_fact_check\", \"og_image_scmp_debate\", \"og_image_scmp_live\", \"og_image_scmp_obituary\", \"og_image_scmp_opinion\", \"og_image_scmp_review\", \"og_image_scmp_series\", \"og_image_scmp_generic\"]}) {\n url\n style\n }\n type\n }\n urlAlias\n}\n\nfragment hooksContentHeadlineTagContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ... on Article {\n types {\n value {\n name\n entityId\n description {\n text\n }\n id\n }\n }\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n }\n flag\n sections {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n ...hooksContentHelperContent\n}\n\nfragment hooksContentHelperContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle\n ...helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle\n ...helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle\n flag\n}\n\nfragment hooksContentInterestArticle on Article {\n entityId\n sentiment\n urlAlias\n types {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n topics {\n name\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_2aLOLQ on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentCoverImageContent_3ndUvy\n ...contentHeadlineContent\n ...contentSponsorTagContent\n ... on Video {\n __typename\n }\n}\n\nfragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_2niEwz on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentCoverImageContent_4isNar\n ...contentHeadlineContent\n ...contentSummaryContent\n ...contentSponsorTagContent\n ...contentUpdatedDateContent\n ... on Video {\n __typename\n }\n}\n\nfragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_3JkJ9S on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentCoverImageContent_1OCN1a\n ...contentHeadlineContent\n ...contentSponsorTagContent\n ... on Video {\n __typename\n }\n}\n\nfragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_3n3tyT on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentCoverImageContent_D9JlW\n ...contentHeadlineContent\n ...contentSponsorTagContent\n ... on Video {\n __typename\n }\n}\n\nfragment hooksContentItemProvidersContent_3wWJWe on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentCoverImageContent_3ndUvy\n ...contentHeadlineContent\n ...contentPublishedDateContent\n ...contentSummaryContent\n ...contentSponsorTagContent\n ... on Video {\n __typename\n ...videoDurationOverlayVideo\n }\n}\n\nfragment hooksPaywallPromiseContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n}\n\nfragment hooksPostiesArticleArticle_3o8td4 on Article {\n ...genericPostiesArticleContent_3o8td4\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n}\n\nfragment hooksSeriesArticleSectionTagArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n name\n id\n }\n }\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment hooksShowGenericInlineWidgetByArticleArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...hooksPaywallPromiseContent\n entityId\n flag\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n topics {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment hooksTrackCurrentItemBase_3o8td4 on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ...atomsCurrentArticleAtomBase_3o8td4\n ...atomsCurrentNotificationSectionAtomBase\n ...atomsCurrentTakeoverAdSectionsAtomBase\n ...atomsCurrentStyleCardCarouselWidgetSectionsAtomBase\n}\n\nfragment hooksTrackPageViewArticle on Article {\n entityId\n publishedDate\n headline\n sections {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n urlAlias\n authors {\n name\n id\n }\n entityUuid\n}\n\nfragment hooksUseCurrentArticleIdsArticle on Article {\n entityId\n entityUuid\n}\n\nfragment hooksUseNotificationReadStatusArticle on Article {\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment hooksUseNotificationsSection on Section {\n ...notificationSection\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment imageContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n ...checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent\n}\n\nfragment infographicArticleArticle on Article {\n ...globalCheckerContent\n ...landingBannerInfographicArticle\n}\n\nfragment inlineArticleSeriesInlineArticle on Article {\n entityId\n seriesContainer {\n entityId\n headline\n socialHeadline\n urlAlias\n series {\n __typename\n ... on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n }\n ... on Node {\n __isNode: __typename\n id\n }\n }\n ...entityLink\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment inlineWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentNewsletterWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment issuesDropdownNewsletterArticleArticle on Article {\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment issuesNewsletterArticleArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n entityUuid\n id\n }\n }\n ...issuesDropdownNewsletterArticleArticle\n}\n\nfragment itemLiveArticleContentArticle on Article {\n entityId\n urlAlias\n ...articleImageGalleryContent\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment landingBannerInfographicArticle on Article {\n ...articleSponsorContent\n ...articleShareWidgetArticle\n headline\n topics {\n ...entityLink\n name\n id\n }\n images {\n title\n url\n }\n coverHero: image(filter: {type: HERO}) {\n url\n }\n}\n\nfragment liveArticleArticle on Article {\n entityId\n entityUuid\n flag\n ...articleImageGalleryContent\n ...helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle\n ...contentLiveArticleArticle\n ...globalCheckerContent\n ...newsletterWidgetLiveArticleArticle\n ...shareArticle20Content\n ...articleBaseAdvertisingInfoArticle\n}\n\nfragment liveBlogPostingLiveArticles_2w8PNF on Query {\n article(filter: {entityId: $entityId}) {\n urlAlias\n id\n }\n liveArticle(filter: {entityUuid: $entityUuid}) {\n customTimezone\n liveContents {\n entityId\n publishedDate\n title\n body {\n text\n }\n }\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment magazinesStyleArticleMoreOnThisContentItemContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...entityLink\n ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent\n ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_3JkJ9S\n}\n\nfragment morningStudioArticleContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...globalCheckerContent\n ...headerMorningStudioArticle\n}\n\nfragment morningStudioArticleFooterContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityUuid\n topics {\n entityUuid\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment newsletterArticleArticle on Article {\n ...contentNewsletterArticleArticle\n ...headerNewsletterArticleArticle\n ...issuesNewsletterArticleArticle\n ...widgetNewsletterArticleArticle\n}\n\nfragment newsletterWidgetLiveArticleArticle on Article {\n ...contentNewsletterWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment notificationSection on Section {\n name\n}\n\nfragment onboardingNewsletterSubscriptionArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment pdfFileLinkPlusGenericArticleContent on Article {\n entityId\n ...helpersSendPdfFileTrackingArticle\n ...helpersGetPdfFileUrlArticle\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n}\n\nfragment photoGalleryDialogContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n __typename\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment photoGalleryWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...photoGalleryDialogContent\n}\n\nfragment pianoIntegrationArticle on Article {\n __typename\n contentLock\n createdDate\n entityId\n entityUuid\n headline\n publishedDate\n sponsor\n sponsorType\n urlAlias\n authors {\n name\n id\n }\n sections {\n value {\n entityUuid\n name\n id\n }\n }\n topics {\n name\n id\n }\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n name\n id\n }\n }\n ...helpersAppBarVariantBase\n ...hooksPaywallPromiseContent\n ...helpersIsArchiveWallArticle\n ...helpersIsVelocityWallArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle\n ...helpersCheckCanShowInPlusPlatformArticle\n ...shareContentUnlockedArticle\n}\n\nfragment plusArticleAuthorBlockArticle on Article {\n ...articleDateContent\n ...authorNamesArticle\n authors {\n entityId\n ...authorAvatarAuthor\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment plusArticleTitleArticle on Article {\n ...hooksContentHelperContent\n ...articleTitleArticle\n ...plusArticleTypeTitleContent\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n}\n\nfragment plusArticleTypeTitleContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n}\n\nfragment plusAuthorCardAuthor on Author {\n ...authorAvatarAuthor\n ...authorNameAuthor\n ...authorBioAuthor\n 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articleGeoLocationWidget on Article {\n topics {\n types\n id\n }\n ...geoLocationMainLocationArticle\n}\n\nfragment articleImageGalleryContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n entityId\n urlAlias\n shortUrl\n headline\n socialHeadline\n}\n\nfragment articleLeadingArticle on Article {\n entityId\n displaySlideShow\n ...articleLeadingImagesContent\n ...contentCoverVideoContent\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n ...helpersIsArticleVideoAsHeroArticle\n}\n\nfragment articleLeadingImagesContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n images {\n title\n url\n isSlideshow\n size660w: style(filter: {style: \"660w\"}) {\n url\n }\n size1320w: style(filter: {style: \"1320w\"}) {\n url\n }\n sizeLandscape250x99: style(filter: {style: \"landscape_250_99\"}) {\n url\n }\n size1280x720: style(filter: {style: \"wide_landscape\"}) {\n url\n }\n size1200x800: style(filter: {style: \"1200x800\"}) {\n url\n }\n size1020x680: style(filter: {style: \"1020x680\"}) {\n url\n }\n size768x768: style(filter: {style: \"768x768\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleLinkingDataContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n urlAlias\n sections {\n value {\n ...helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection\n ...entityLink\n name\n urlAlias\n urlRedirect {\n toUrl\n id\n }\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleListArticle_3o8td4 on Article {\n entityId\n ...articleDividerArticle\n ...articleFooterArticle\n ...articlePaginationCheckerArticle\n ...articlePaginationNavigationHistoryArticle_3o8td4\n ...articleRecommendationArticle\n ...articlePianoPaywallContent\n ...articleRenderArticle_3o8td4\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...contextsContentReadMoreContextProviderContent\n ...contextsArticleListContextProviderArticle\n}\n\nfragment articleMoreOnThisListArticle on Article {\n moreOnThisArticles {\n ...entityLink\n entityId\n headline\n socialHeadline\n urlAlias\n images {\n url\n style(filter: {style: \"237x147\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleMoreOnThisListStyleArticle on Article {\n styleMoreOnThisArticles: moreOnThisArticles {\n ...entityLink\n ...magazinesStyleArticleMoreOnThisContentItemContent\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleMoreStoriesArticle on Article {\n moreOnThisArticles {\n entityId\n ...articleMoreStoriesItemArticle\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleMoreStoriesItemArticle on Article {\n ...entityLink\n headline\n socialHeadline\n sections {\n value {\n name\n urlAlias\n id\n }\n }\n images {\n url\n size768x768: style(filter: {style: \"768x768\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment articlePaginationCheckerArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n}\n\nfragment articlePaginationNavigationHistoryArticle_3o8td4 on Article {\n entityId\n urlAlias\n ...hooksTrackCurrentItemBase_3o8td4\n}\n\nfragment articlePianoPaywallContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...hooksPaywallPromiseContent\n}\n\nfragment articlePrintArticle on Article {\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment articlePrintHeadlineMessageArticle on Article {\n printHeadline\n}\n\nfragment articleReadingTimeContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n readingTime\n}\n\nfragment articleRecommendationArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n entityId\n moreOnThisArticles {\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n entityId\n paywallTypes {\n entityId\n id\n }\n publishedDate\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n urlAlias\n urlRedirect {\n toUrl\n id\n }\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleRelatedTopicsContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n ...topicLinkTopic\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleRenderArticle_3o8td4 on Article {\n entityId\n ...articleActionWidgetArticle\n ...articleAdditionalInfoBoxArticleContent\n ...articleAuthorBlockArticle\n ...articleAuthorDetailsContent\n ...articleBaseAdvertisingInfoArticle\n ...articleBeforeYouGoWidget\n ...articleCommentsTriggerArticle\n ...articleCorrectionsWidgetArticle\n ...articleDateContent\n ...articleFurtherReadingWidgetArticle\n ...articleImageGalleryContent\n ...articleLeadingArticle\n ...articleMoreOnThisListArticle\n ...articlePrintHeadlineMessageArticle\n ...articleReadingTimeContent\n ...articleRelatedTopicsContent\n ...articleSectionsContent\n ...articleSeriesArticle\n ...articleShareWidgetArticle\n ...articleSpeechInlineWidgetArticle\n ...articleSpeechPlayerPortalArticle\n ...articleSponsorContent\n ...articleTopicContent\n ...articleTopicFollowWidgetArticle\n ...articleTopicsContent\n ...articleTopicWidgetArticle\n ...articleVocabBoxArticle\n ...articleGeoLocationWidget\n ...authorAvatarsArticle\n ...authorNamesArticle\n ...contentActionBarContent\n ...contentBodyContent_3o8td4\n ...contentHeadlineContent\n ...contentLiveTagContent\n ...contentReadMoreButtonContent\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n ...contentSubHeadlineContent\n ...contentSummaryContent\n ...genericArticleContent\n ...globalCheckerContent\n ...helpersCheckArticleRenderTypeArticle\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n ...hooksPostiesArticleArticle_3o8td4\n ...infographicArticleArticle\n ...liveArticleArticle\n ...morningStudioArticleContent\n ...newsletterArticleArticle\n ...pianoIntegrationArticle\n ...plusColumnsArticleContent\n ...plusGenericArticleContent\n ...postMagazineArticleContent\n ...seriesArticleArticle\n ...styleArticleContent\n}\n\nfragment articleSchemaContent_mN6kk on Query {\n article(filter: {entityId: $entityId}) {\n ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent\n authorLocations\n contentLock\n createdDate\n headline\n publishedDate\n socialHeadline\n sponsorType\n updatedDate\n urlAlias\n authors {\n location\n name\n types\n urlAlias\n id\n }\n body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {\n text\n }\n summary {\n text\n }\n subHeadline {\n text\n }\n corrections {\n correction {\n text\n }\n timestamp\n }\n images {\n isSlideshow\n height\n width\n url\n }\n sections {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n types {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n id\n }\n ...liveBlogPostingLiveArticles_2w8PNF\n}\n\nfragment articleSectionsContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n sections {\n value {\n ...helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection\n ...entityLink\n name\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleSeoArticle_3o8td4 on Article {\n ...hooksArticleSeoArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n entityId\n publishedDate\n updatedDate\n summary {\n text\n }\n subHeadline {\n text\n }\n body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {\n text\n }\n keywords\n sections {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n topics {\n name\n entityId\n id\n }\n urlAlias\n authors {\n name\n id\n }\n images {\n style(filter: {style: \"768x768\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n readingTime\n}\n\nfragment articleSeriesArticle on Article {\n seriesContainer {\n entityId\n id\n }\n ...inlineArticleSeriesInlineArticle\n ...carouselArticleSeriesCarouselArticle\n}\n\nfragment articleSeriesCarouselContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n ... on Article {\n seriesContainer {\n series {\n __typename\n ... on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n }\n ... on Node {\n __isNode: __typename\n id\n }\n }\n id\n }\n }\n ...entityLink\n ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_3n3tyT\n}\n\nfragment articleShareWidgetArticle on Article {\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n ...articleCommentsTriggerArticle\n ...articleSpeechInlineWidgetArticle\n}\n\nfragment articleSpeechInlineWidgetArticle on Article {\n entityId\n ...genericArticleSpeechInlineWidgetGenericArticle\n}\n\nfragment articleSpeechPlayerPortalArticle on Article {\n entityId\n ...articleSpeechInlineWidgetArticle\n}\n\nfragment articleSponsorContent on Article {\n topics {\n entityId\n sponsor {\n description {\n json\n }\n ...sponsorTagSponsor\n id\n }\n id\n }\n ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent\n ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment articleTitleArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n authors {\n name\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleTopicContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n ...topicLinkTopic\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleTopicFollowWidgetArticle on Article {\n topics {\n ...topicLinkTopic\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n disableFollow\n entityId\n name\n entityUuid\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleTopicWidgetArticle on Article {\n entityId\n sponsorType\n firstTopic {\n ...entityLink\n ...followButtonBase\n name\n disableFollow\n contents(first: 4, orderBy: {field: PUBLISHED_DATE, direction: DESC}) {\n edges {\n node {\n __typename\n entityId\n ...articleWidgetContent\n id\n }\n }\n }\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleTopicsContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n ...topicLinkTopic\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n entityId\n entityUuid\n name\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment articleVocabBoxArticle on Article {\n glossary {\n term\n translation\n description {\n json\n }\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment articleWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n urlAlias\n ... on Article {\n sponsorType\n }\n ...entityLink\n ...hooksContentItemProvidersContent_2aLOLQ\n}\n\nfragment atomsCurrentArticleAtomBase_3o8td4 on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Article {\n ...articleSeoArticle_3o8td4\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n ...headerContentBookmarkArticle\n ...headerContentCommentTrigger\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...helpersUseSharingUrl\n ...articleShareWidgetArticle\n ...hooksTrackPageViewArticle\n ...hooksContentInterestArticle\n ...hooksUseCurrentArticleIdsArticle\n ...hooksUseNotificationReadStatusArticle\n ...onboardingNewsletterSubscriptionArticle\n }\n}\n\nfragment atomsCurrentNotificationSectionAtomBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n ...hooksUseNotificationsSection\n id\n }\n }\n ... on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n ...hooksUseNotificationsSection\n id\n }\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment atomsCurrentStyleCardCarouselWidgetSectionsAtomBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n name\n id\n }\n }\n }\n ... on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n name\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment atomsCurrentTakeoverAdSectionsAtomBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n }\n ... on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorAvatarAuthor on Author {\n ...entityLink\n entityId\n entityUuid\n name\n image(filter: {type: AUTHOR_IMAGE}) {\n style(filter: {style: \"300x300\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorAvatarsArticle on Article {\n authors {\n entityId\n ...authorAvatarAuthor\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorBioAuthor on Author {\n bio\n}\n\nfragment authorCardAuthor on Author {\n ...styleAuthorCardAuthor\n ...defaultAuthorCardAuthor\n ...plusAuthorCardAuthor\n}\n\nfragment authorNameAuthor on Author {\n ...entityLink\n name\n entityUuid\n}\n\nfragment authorNamesArticle on Article {\n authorLocations\n authors {\n entityId\n location\n ...authorNameAuthor\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorRoleAuthor on Author {\n role {\n text\n }\n}\n\nfragment authorSocialLinksAuthor on Author {\n socialLinks {\n class\n title\n url\n }\n}\n\nfragment beforeYouGoActionWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...shareArticle20Content\n ...articleShareWidgetArticle\n entityId\n urlAlias\n shortUrl\n headline\n socialHeadline\n}\n\nfragment blockquoteQuoteContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment blockquoteQuoteGenericPostiesArticleContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment blockquoteQuotePlusGenericArticleContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...contentShareWidgetContent\n}\n\nfragment breadcrumbNewsletterArticleArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n name\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment buttonArticleSpeechInlineWidgetGenericButtonArticle on Article {\n entityId\n socialHeadline\n headline\n}\n\nfragment carouselArticleSeriesCarouselArticle on Article {\n entityId\n seriesContainer {\n entityId\n headline\n socialHeadline\n urlAlias\n series {\n __typename\n ... on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n urlAlias\n ...articleSeriesCarouselContent\n }\n ... on Node {\n __isNode: __typename\n id\n }\n }\n ...entityLink\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment checkersCheckContentContainsStarlingImageContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentActionBarContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n createdDate\n updatedDate\n publishedDate\n readingTime\n ...articleCommentArticle\n ...helpersIsArticleVideoAsHeroArticle\n ...helpersGetContentTypeNameContent\n ... on Article {\n hasVideoContent\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentBodyContent_3o8td4 on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n body(customContents: $customContents, type: $bodyType) {\n json\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverImageContent_1OCN1a on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n images {\n url\n title\n type\n size768x768: style(filter: {style: \"768x768\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverImageContent_3ndUvy on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n images {\n url\n title\n type\n size540x360: style(filter: {style: \"540x360\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverImageContent_4isNar on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n images {\n url\n title\n type\n landscape250x99: style(filter: {style: \"landscape_250_99\"}) {\n url\n }\n size540x360: style(filter: {style: \"540x360\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverImageContent_D9JlW on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n images {\n url\n title\n type\n size80x80: style(filter: {style: \"80x80\"}) {\n url\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentCoverVideoContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ... on Article {\n multimediaEmbed {\n json\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentHeadlineContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n headline\n socialHeadline\n ...contentHeadlineTagContent\n ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent\n}\n\nfragment contentHeadlineTagContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...hooksContentHeadlineTagContent\n}\n\nfragment contentLiveArticleArticle on Article {\n ...itemLiveArticleContentArticle\n}\n\nfragment contentLiveTagContent on Article {\n ...helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle\n}\n\nfragment contentNewsletterArticleArticle on Article {\n entityId\n relatedLinks\n}\n\nfragment contentNewsletterWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n relatedNewsletters {\n ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter\n id\n }\n id\n }\n sections {\n value {\n relatedNewsletters {\n ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter\n id\n }\n id\n }\n }\n ... on Article {\n relatedNewsletters {\n ...helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentPublishedDateContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n publishedDate\n}\n\nfragment contentReadMoreButtonContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...appButtonContent\n}\n\nfragment contentSchemaRenderContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...blockquoteQuoteContent\n ...imageContent\n ...inlineWidgetContent\n ...photoGalleryWidgetContent\n ...scmpYoutubeContent\n}\n\nfragment contentShareWidgetContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n urlAlias\n shortUrl\n socialHeadline\n headline\n}\n\nfragment contentSponsorTagContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent\n}\n\nfragment contentSubHeadlineContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n subHeadline {\n json\n }\n summary {\n json\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment contentSummaryContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n __typename\n summary {\n text\n }\n}\n\nfragment contentUpdatedDateContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n updatedDate\n}\n\nfragment contextsArticleListContextProviderArticle on Article {\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment contextsContentReadMoreContextProviderContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ... on Article {\n sponsorType\n }\n}\n\nfragment copyLinkArticle20CopyLinkContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n urlAlias\n shortUrl\n headline\n socialHeadline\n}\n\nfragment defaultArticleDateContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...hooksArticleDateUtilsContent\n}\n\nfragment defaultAuthorCardAuthor on Author {\n ...authorAvatarAuthor\n ...authorBioAuthor\n ...authorNameAuthor\n ...authorRoleAuthor\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n ...followButtonBase\n}\n\nfragment entityFollowButtonBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Section {\n entityId\n name\n }\n ... on Author {\n entityId\n name\n disableFollow\n }\n ... on Topic {\n entityId\n name\n disableFollow\n }\n}\n\nfragment entityLink on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n __typename\n entityId\n entityUuid\n urlAlias\n urlRedirect {\n toUrl\n id\n }\n application {\n entityId\n id\n }\n ... on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n id\n }\n parentSection\n }\n ...helpersAppBarVariantBase\n ...helpersApplicationBase\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle\n ...helpersStyleSectionContent\n}\n\nfragment followButtonBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n ...entityFollowButtonBase\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment genericArticleContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n entityId\n flag\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n ...articleBaseAdvertisingInfoArticle\n ...articleRelatedTopicsContent\n ...contentNewsletterWidgetContent\n ...globalCheckerContent\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n ...hooksContentHelperContent\n ...shareArticle20Content\n}\n\nfragment genericArticleSpeechInlineWidgetGenericArticle on Article {\n entityId\n ...buttonArticleSpeechInlineWidgetGenericButtonArticle\n ...hooksShowGenericInlineWidgetByArticleArticle\n ...toolTipArticleSpeechWidgetToolTipArticle\n}\n\nfragment genericPostiesArticleContent_3o8td4 on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n name\n urlAlias\n id\n }\n }\n authors {\n name\n id\n }\n publishedDate\n additionalInfoBoxes {\n ...articleAdditionalInfoBoxArticle\n }\n ...genericPostiesArticleVocabBoxArticle\n ...blockquoteQuoteGenericPostiesArticleContent\n ...articleBaseAdvertisingInfoArticle\n ...contentBodyContent_3o8td4\n}\n\nfragment genericPostiesArticleVocabBoxArticle on Article {\n glossary {\n term\n translation\n description {\n json\n }\n }\n ...contentSchemaRenderContent\n}\n\nfragment geoLocationMainLocationArticle on Article {\n entityId\n entityUuid\n firstTopic {\n contents(first: 4, orderBy: {field: PUBLISHED_DATE, direction: DESC}) {\n edges {\n node {\n __typename\n entityId\n ...articleWidgetContent\n id\n }\n }\n }\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment globalCheckerContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n ...articlePianoPaywallContent\n}\n\nfragment headerContentBookmarkArticle on Article {\n entityId\n}\n\nfragment headerContentCommentTrigger on Article {\n ...articleCommentsTriggerArticle\n}\n\nfragment headerMorningStudioArticle on Article {\n ...articleSponsorContent\n ...subheaderMorningStudioSubheaderContent\n headline\n coverDesktop: image(filter: {type: COVER}) {\n url\n }\n coverMobile: image(filter: {type: COVER_MOBILE}) {\n url\n }\n}\n\nfragment headerNewsletterArticleArticle on Article {\n headline\n ...issuesNewsletterArticleArticle\n ...breadcrumbNewsletterArticleArticle\n ...widgetNewsletterArticleArticle\n}\n\nfragment helpersAppBarVariantBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n ...helpersCheckIsLiveArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage\n ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...helpersSectionContent\n ...helpersStyleSectionContent\n}\n\nfragment helpersApplicationBase on BaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias {\n __isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias: __typename\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesPage\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusPage\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckArticleIsInSectionsArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckArticleRenderTypeArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckCanShowInPlusPlatformArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckCanShowInPlusPlatformArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckArticleIsInSectionsArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsStyleArticle\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n ...helpersUseContentSponsorContent\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckHasLiveTagArticle on Article {\n flattenTypeIds\n liveArticle {\n status\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIfNewsSectionInFirstIndexSection on Section {\n name\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle on Article {\n entityId\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n topics {\n sponsor {\n entityId\n id\n }\n id\n }\n disableOffPlatformContent\n sponsorType\n published\n ...helpersCheckIsPlusArticle\n ...helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsLiveArticle on Article {\n flattenTypeIds\n liveArticle {\n status\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPlusArticle on Article {\n paywallTypes {\n entityUuid\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPlusPage on Page {\n urlAlias\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPostMagazineArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPostiesArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsPostiesPage on Page {\n urlAlias\n}\n\nfragment helpersCheckIsStyleArticle on Article {\n sections {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersGetArticleTypeArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersGetArticleTypeNameArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersGetContentTypeNameContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n __typename\n ... on Article {\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeNameArticle\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersGetPdfFileUrlArticle on Article {\n pdfFiles {\n url\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersIsArchiveWallArticle on Article {\n ...helpersIsVelocityWallArticle\n createdDate\n publishedDate\n paywallTypes {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersIsArticleVideoAsHeroArticle on Article {\n multimediaEmbed {\n json\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersIsVelocityWallArticle on Article {\n paywallTypes {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersMassageToNewsletterItemNewsletter on Newsletter {\n entityId\n name\n alternativeName\n description {\n text\n }\n summary {\n text\n }\n homepageDescription {\n text\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSanitizeArticleTypeEntityIdsArticle on Article {\n types {\n value {\n entityId\n id\n }\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSanitizeAuthorTypesArticle on Article {\n authors {\n types\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSanitizedAuthorEntityIdsArticle on Article {\n authors {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSectionContent on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersSendPdfFileTrackingArticle on Article {\n entityId\n pdfFiles {\n name\n }\n ...helpersGetArticleTypeArticle\n}\n\nfragment helpersStyleSectionContent on Section {\n fullSectionPath {\n entityId\n id\n }\n}\n\nfragment helpersUseContentSponsorContent on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n topics {\n entityId\n sponsor {\n ...sponsorTagSponsor\n name\n type\n id\n }\n id\n }\n ... on Article {\n sponsorType\n }\n ...helpersCheckIsMainTopicContent\n}\n\nfragment helpersUseSharingUrl on Content {\n __isContent: __typename\n urlAlias\n}\n\nfragment hooksAmpRedirectArticle on Article {\n ...helpersCheckIsAmpEnabledArticle\n}\n\nfragment hooksArticleAcknowledgementGateOverlayArticle on 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assurance, political values, human ties and ‘stubbornness’ among reasons they stay home to shop.\n","json":[{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Quality assurance, political values, human ties and ‘stubbornness’ among reasons they stay home to shop."}]}]},"subHeadline":{"text":"Quality assurance, political values, human ties and ‘stubbornness’ among reasons they stay home to shop\n","json":[{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Quality assurance, political values, human ties and ‘stubbornness’ among reasons they stay home to shop"}]}]},"body":{"text":"Hong Kong homemaker and part-time teacher Tam Mei-ling is on a personal mission to preserve her city’s cultural landscape and identity.\nThe 48-year-old mother of two does that by supporting local businesses and refraining from joining the crowd of Hongkongers heading across the border to shop and eat in mainland China.\nShe told the Post that this was important, especially for people such as her, who had chosen to remain amid the wave of emigration following the social unrest of 2019, Beijing’s imposition of the national security law and the Covid-19 pandemic.\nSaddened to see Hong Kong shops, restaurants and other businesses closing, she said: “It’s heartbreaking to see how much things have gone downhill.”\nAs for those who prefer to stretch their dollar on the mainland, she said: “I don’t want to use the word ‘abandon’, but it does feel that way … they have abandoned the city they are still living in, and I find it hard to understand.”\nTam is one of a small group of Hongkongers adamant in their support of local businesses, with some even rejecting the idea of going to the mainland at all, despite the higher prices in the city.\nSome have taken to social media to talk about their choice and complain about being criticised by family and friends for bucking the trend.\n“Is it pointless and idiotic of me to insist on spending locally, instead of heading up north?” asked one social media user. “I feel like nobody else in my life supports me.”\nThat post in July attracted around 4,300 likes and more than 700 comments, with many agreeing and expressing support, or lamenting that they were part of a shrinking minority.\nEver since the borders reopened in February 2023, after three years of strict anti-pandemic restrictions, Hong Kong businesses have been struggling, with ongoing store closures even hitting established retail chains and restaurants.\nOne reason is that high-spending mainland visitors have not returned in as large numbers as before the pandemic, not least because of the unsteady economy across the border and Hong Kong’s relatively strong dollar.\n\nAlso, in a turnaround from a decade ago, Hongkongers have begun flocking to places such as Shenzhen for dining, entertainment and even shopping for their daily necessities and groceries.\nHongkongers who stayed home to support local businesses told the Post they did so for the assurance of quality, personal political values, established human connections, or sheer “stubbornness”.\nHomemaker Tam, for one, said she preferred local products not only for their quality, but also their “Hong Kong characteristics” and a sense of familiarity that only Hongkongers would understand.\nAt a time when about 500,000 residents have emigrated, she felt it was important to teach her children, aged nine and 11, about having a sense of belonging and identity.\n“Those who have the means have left, and their reasons for doing so are valid,” she said. “For those of us who have chosen to stay, we try to persist and hold on.”\nTam said people had asked why she did not take her children to visit the mainland.\nHer reply: “There are a lot of great places for children in Hong Kong that they haven’t visited either, so why not take time to learn about their home city?”\nTam said she was loyal in patronising some shops, even those that were a distance from her home in Sai Kung, and did not mind travelling 20 minutes by public transport to an organic goods shop in Hang Hau, for example.\n“It started when my daughter was younger and developed a health condition. She needed to drink a certain type of formula, and this was one of the few shops that carried it,” she said. “Now I continue to buy all my shampoos and soaps there as well.”\nCareful about food products\nKelvin Chan, 42, who works in the manufacturing sector, has not been to the mainland for many years.\nHis Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macau Residents, commonly known as the “home return permit”, expired about a decade ago and he said he had no plans to renew it.\nWhile acknowledging the “great advancements” on the mainland over the years, he could not shake off his doubts about quality.\nThe father of a six-year-old son, he had previously worked closely with mainland suppliers and found the quality of products to be uneven, unreliable or subject to less stringent standards.\n“Of course, sometimes you spend money on something and the worst that can happen is it breaks or stops working, and you just buy it again from somewhere else,” he said.\n“But when it comes to food or other items that enter the body, I think that can be risky.”\nDespite his support for local businesses, however, he could not help feeling uncertain for their future.\n“Sometimes, I feel it’s a kind of blind, pure stubbornness to persist,” he said. “I know the HK$500 [US$64] I occasionally spend at a shop isn’t going to do much in the grand scheme of things,” he said.\n\n‘Pandemic ended, but rents shot up’\nThe latest official data showed the value of total retail sales in September dropped by 6.9 per cent to HK$29.6 billion compared with the same month in 2023. It was the seventh consecutive month of decline.\nAnnie Tse Yau On-yee, chairwoman of the Hong Kong Retail Management Association, had earlier said the city should expect an overall percentage decline in the low double digits for the entire year.\nShe said the retail sector had hit “rock bottom”, but was hopeful for growth in 2025.\nOne local business hit by post-pandemic woes was Be Water Mart, which opened in 2020 and at its peak had four outlets selling made-in-Hong Kong goods such as locally brewed beers, snacks and cosmetics.\nIt closed its last store in Tai Wai in February.\n“I spent some time in Taiwan during my studies and there, I observed many made-in-Taiwan products and shops … it made me wonder why Hong Kong did not seem to have any of its own,” co-founder Dream Law Ting-fai said.\nLaw, a former opposition politician who was an assistant to ex-lawmaker Raymond Wong Yuk-man and an unsuccessful district council candidate, said that while the brand expanded during the pandemic, it faced major challenges after restrictions were lifted.\nA prompt rise in rents was among the factors that led to his outlets closing one after the other.\n“My team and I were pessimistic about the outlook for Hong Kong’s retail market as fewer tourists were coming while locals scrambled to leave for holidays,” he said.\nThe brand has since switched to concentrate on e-commerce, focusing more on its home-made popcorn products with local flavours such as stir-fried beef noodles, soy sauce and shrimp roe.\nHe has opened a small popcorn shop at the Star Ferry Pier in Central.\n“We are a Hong Kong brand, so we feel it is important to have a physical presence here,” he said.\n‘When there’s no crisis, people forget’\nBusinesswoman Debby Chan Ka-lam, a former Sai Kung district councillor, lamented that Hongkongers had forgotten how critical local businesses were during the three years of the pandemic.\nShe recalled the period when there was a severe shortage of fresh produce from the mainland after a number of cross-border truck drivers tested positive for Covid-19.\n“That was when local vegetable farmers became the centre of attention,” she said. “But then, everyone forgets.\n“When do people remember Hong Kong farmers? Only when there’s a typhoon or when there’s no food available due to a lockdown.”\nChan owned a store selling local products such as postcards, books, incense and snacks, but closed it in April because of prolonged poor sales.\nHigh rents were an issue, she said, noting that despite all the shop closures, landlords remained reluctant to lower rents.\n“Even now, more than six months after I moved out, the premises remain empty,” she said.\n\nShop with your heart or your head?\nYong Chen, an associate professor who focuses on Chinese economics, marketing and tourism at the top-ranked EHL Hospitality Business School in Switzerland, said it was understandable there would be some people in a place such as Hong Kong who would support local goods and businesses.\nHe said people formed attachments to certain goods, especially items they had used for a long time, and “the emotional benefits of these goods and services simply override their economic benefits”.\n“Consumers also have sympathy for businesses in economic hardship, and hope these businesses can weather the difficult times with their purchases and support,” he said.\nBut he added that it was inevitable most people would make purchasing choices based on economics – choosing to shop where their dollar stretched furthest – making it hard for the city’s businesses to rely on sentiment alone.\nChen said the ongoing business closures contributed to a vicious cycle.\nHe said Hong Kong was becoming relatively expensive for some consumer goods and services, and this was reflected in the closure of restaurants and retail shops.\nThat only made the city’s prices even more unattractive compared with those on the mainland.\n\nPessimistic about the outlook for the near future, he said Hong Kong’s economic troubles were largely beyond its control.\n“Local businesses are not the cause but the victims of deglobalisation and many other external challenges,” he said.\n“Like other open and advanced economies, Hong Kong depends on international demand in a multitude of sectors, and it is still uncertain when the demand can recover to sustain the growth of local businesses.”\nMeanwhile, he added, the increased connectivity between Hong Kong and the mainland had inevitably contributed to the situation, making it easy for Hongkongers to travel across the border to shop, eat and relax.\nOther experts argued that while better-off middle-class Hongkongers might not be interested in spending on the mainland, economic uncertainties had affected their shopping habits too.\n“This group is supposed to be the core pillar of consumption, but waning confidence about the economic outlook may still lead them to spend more cautiously,” said Gary Ng Cheuk-yan, a senior economist with Natixis Corporate and Investment Bank.\nBanking on human connections\nEmbarking on her online business selling treats such as scones and apple pies, Hong Kong pastry chef Amely Au Yee-tung, was counting on building a clientele of Hongkongers willing to support a local business.\nShe said she had always valued the human connection offered by relationships built over years in the same neighbourhood.\n“When I was preparing my studio, I went to a small paper offerings shop at the market and forgot to bring cash. The shop owner told me it was not a problem and I could pay her later,” the 30-year-old said.\n“There were also times I was short of a few dollars to pay for lunch, and the market food stall owner, who knew I worked nearby, told me I could pay the next day.”\nShe recalled that when she returned three days later, the owner smiled and said: “Oh, you remembered!”\nAu said: “These warm daily interactions are experiences you can’t find in other places.”\nAfter completing her studies at the Cordon Bleu culinary school in London last December, she chose to return to Hong Kong despite having a job offer there.\n“I didn’t want to leave the place where I grew up,” she said.\nStarting her own business, she realised there were many other people similar to her, “quietly working for their dreams” in an effort to diversify Hong Kong products beyond the offerings of chain stores.\n“Hong Kong truly has many hidden gems, I hope it will not be solely dominated by mainland or foreign brands,” she said.\nAlthough her business was still new, she said she already had a group of loyal customers despite her pastries being pricier than on the mainland.\n“I think this shows that Hong Kong people are willing to spend, but they have just become more selective,” she said.\n","json":[{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"0"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Hong Kong homemaker and part-time teacher Tam Mei-ling is on a personal mission to preserve her city’s cultural landscape and identity."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"0"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"The 48-year-old mother of two does that by supporting local businesses and refraining from joining the crowd of Hongkongers heading across the border to shop and eat in mainland China."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"She told the Post that this was important, especially for people such as her, who had chosen to remain amid the wave of emigration following the social unrest of 2019, Beijing’s imposition of the national security law and the Covid-19 pandemic."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"1"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Saddened to see Hong Kong shops, restaurants and other businesses closing, she said: “It’s heartbreaking to see how much things have gone downhill.”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"As for those who prefer to stretch their dollar on the mainland, she said: “I don’t want to use the word ‘abandon’, but it does feel that way … they have abandoned the city they are still living in, and I find it hard to understand.”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"2"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Tam is one of a small group of Hongkongers adamant in their support of local businesses, with some even rejecting the idea of going to the mainland at all, despite the higher prices in the city."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Some have taken to social media to talk about their choice and complain about being criticised by family and friends for bucking the trend."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Is it pointless and idiotic of me to insist on spending locally, instead of heading up north?” asked one social media user. “I feel like nobody else in my life supports me.”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"3"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"That post in July attracted around 4,300 likes and more than 700 comments, with many agreeing and expressing support, or lamenting that they were part of a shrinking minority."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Ever since the borders reopened in February 2023, after three years of strict anti-pandemic restrictions, Hong Kong businesses have been struggling, with ongoing store closures even hitting "},{"type":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/hong-kong-economy/article/3281708/hong-kongs-economic-woes-are-killing-chains-which-ones-have-shut-recent-years","title":"","target":"_self","data-entity-uuid":"2c82f263-0325-498e-bd52-f4442601b80f","data-entity-type":"node","data-entity-bundle":"article"},"children":[{"type":"u","children":[{"type":"text","data":"established retail chains and restaurants"}]}]},{"type":"text","data":"."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"One reason is that high-spending mainland visitors have not returned in as large numbers as before the pandemic, not least because of the unsteady economy across the border and Hong Kong’s relatively strong dollar."}]},{"type":"div","attribs":{"class":"image-inline-container"},"children":[{"type":"img","attribs":{"class":"image-inline caption","src":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2024/11/20/ea41597d-4fac-4e75-b014-82dd577780c3_71832a45.jpg","data-fid":"15839784","data-resolution":"1","width":"2000","height":"1334","title":"The retail sector has hit “rock bottom”, an industry leader says. Photo: Jelly Tse","alt":"The retail sector has hit “rock bottom”, an industry leader says. Photo: Jelly Tse"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Also, in a turnaround from a decade ago, Hongkongers have begun flocking to places such as Shenzhen for dining, entertainment and even shopping for their daily necessities and groceries."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"4"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Hongkongers who stayed home to support local businesses told the Post they did so for the assurance of quality, personal political values, established human connections, or sheer “stubbornness”."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Homemaker Tam, for one, said she preferred local products not only for their quality, but also their “Hong Kong characteristics” and a sense of familiarity that only Hongkongers would understand."}]},{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"20"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"At a time when about 500,000 residents have emigrated, she felt it was important to teach her children, aged nine and 11, about having a sense of belonging and identity."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"5"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Those who have the means have left, and their reasons for doing so are valid,” she said. “For those of us who have chosen to stay, we try to persist and hold on.”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Tam said people had asked why she did not take her children to visit the mainland."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Her reply: “There are a lot of great places for children in Hong Kong that they haven’t visited either, so why not take time to learn about their home city?”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"infiniteAdsAfterNumber":"3","tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Tam said she was loyal in patronising some shops, even those that were a distance from her home in Sai Kung, and did not mind travelling 20 minutes by public transport to an organic goods shop in Hang Hau, for example."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“It started when my daughter was younger and developed a health condition. She needed to drink a certain type of formula, and this was one of the few shops that carried it,” she said. “Now I continue to buy all my shampoos and soaps there as well.”"}]},{"type":"h3","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Careful about food products"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Kelvin Chan, 42, who works in the manufacturing sector, has not been to the mainland for many years."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"His Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macau Residents, commonly known as the “home return permit”, expired about a decade ago and he said he had no plans to renew it."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"While acknowledging the “great advancements” on the mainland over the years, he could not shake off his doubts about quality."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"The father of a six-year-old son, he had previously worked closely with mainland suppliers and found the quality of products to be uneven, unreliable or subject to less stringent standards."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Of course, sometimes you spend money on something and the worst that can happen is it breaks or stops working, and you just buy it again from somewhere else,” he said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“But when it comes to food or other items that enter the body, I think that can be risky.”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Despite his support for local businesses, however, he could not help feeling uncertain for their future."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Sometimes, I feel it’s a kind of blind, pure stubbornness to persist,” he said. “I know the HK$500 [US$64] I occasionally spend at a shop isn’t going to do much in the grand scheme of things,” he said."}]},{"type":"div","attribs":{"class":"image-inline-container"},"children":[{"type":"img","attribs":{"class":"image-inline caption","src":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2024/11/20/4bc4a507-67d1-4fc8-8575-6d28cd927752_1126e908.jpg","data-fid":"15841452","data-resolution":"1","width":"2000","height":"1333","title":"Dream Law, co-founder of Be Water Popcorn, has said that while the brand expanded during the pandemic, it faced major challenges after restrictions were lifted. Photo: May Tse","alt":"Dream Law, co-founder of Be Water Popcorn, has said that while the brand expanded during the pandemic, it faced major challenges after restrictions were lifted. Photo: May Tse"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"h3","children":[{"type":"text","data":"‘Pandemic ended, but rents shot up’"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"The latest official data showed the value of total retail sales in September dropped by 6.9 per cent to HK$29.6 billion compared with the same month in 2023. It was the seventh consecutive month of decline."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Annie Tse Yau On-yee, chairwoman of the Hong Kong Retail Management Association, had earlier said the city should expect an overall percentage decline in the low double digits for the entire year."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"She said the retail sector had hit “rock bottom”, but was hopeful for growth in 2025."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"One local business hit by post-pandemic woes was Be Water Mart, which opened in 2020 and at its peak had four outlets selling made-in-Hong Kong goods such as locally brewed beers, snacks and cosmetics."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"It closed its last store in Tai Wai in February."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“I spent some time in Taiwan during my studies and there, I observed many made-in-Taiwan products and shops … it made me wonder why Hong Kong did not seem to have any of its own,” co-founder Dream Law Ting-fai said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Law, a former opposition politician who was an assistant to ex-lawmaker Raymond Wong Yuk-man and an unsuccessful district council candidate, said that while the brand expanded during the pandemic, it faced major challenges after restrictions were lifted."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"50"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"A prompt rise in rents was among the factors that led to his outlets closing one after the other."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“My team and I were pessimistic about the outlook for Hong Kong’s retail market as fewer tourists were coming while locals scrambled to leave for holidays,” he said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"The brand has since switched to concentrate on e-commerce, focusing more on its home-made popcorn products with local flavours such as stir-fried beef noodles, soy sauce and shrimp roe."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"He has opened a small popcorn shop at the Star Ferry Pier in Central."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“We are a Hong Kong brand, so we feel it is important to have a physical presence here,” he said."}]},{"type":"h3","children":[{"type":"text","data":"‘When there’s no crisis, people forget’"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Businesswoman Debby Chan Ka-lam, a former Sai Kung district councillor, lamented that Hongkongers had forgotten how critical local businesses were during the three years of the pandemic."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"She recalled the period when there was a severe shortage of fresh produce from the mainland after a number of cross-border truck drivers tested positive for Covid-19."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“That was when local vegetable farmers became the centre of attention,” she said. “But then, everyone forgets."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“When do people remember Hong Kong farmers? Only when there’s a typhoon or when there’s no food available due to a lockdown.”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Chan owned a store selling local products such as postcards, books, incense and snacks, but closed it in April because of prolonged poor sales."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"High rents were an issue, she said, noting that despite all the shop closures, landlords remained reluctant to lower rents."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Even now, more than six months after I moved out, the premises remain empty,” she said."}]},{"type":"div","attribs":{"class":"image-inline-container"},"children":[{"type":"img","attribs":{"class":"image-inline caption","src":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2024/11/20/cd37bf49-1f1d-4b6d-bf77-595787c46800_359005cc.jpg","data-fid":"15839785","data-resolution":"1","width":"2000","height":"1146","title":"Vacant shops are just one sign of the pain the retail sector is feeling. Photo: Dickson Lee","alt":"Vacant shops are just one sign of the pain the retail sector is feeling. Photo: Dickson Lee"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"h3","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Shop with your heart or your head?"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Yong Chen, an associate professor who focuses on Chinese economics, marketing and tourism at the top-ranked EHL Hospitality Business School in Switzerland, said it was understandable there would be some people in a place such as Hong Kong who would support local goods and businesses."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"He said people formed attachments to certain goods, especially items they had used for a long time, and “the emotional benefits of these goods and services simply override their economic benefits”."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Consumers also have sympathy for businesses in economic hardship, and hope these businesses can weather the difficult times with their purchases and support,” he said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"But he added that it was inevitable most people would make purchasing choices based on economics – choosing to shop where their dollar stretched furthest – making it hard for the city’s businesses to rely on sentiment alone."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Chen said the ongoing business closures contributed to a vicious cycle."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"He said Hong Kong was becoming relatively expensive for some consumer goods and services, and this was reflected in the closure of restaurants and retail shops."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"That only made the city’s prices even more unattractive compared with those on the mainland."}]},{"type":"div","attribs":{"class":"image-inline-container"},"children":[{"type":"img","attribs":{"class":"image-inline caption","src":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2024/11/20/10f00f89-6d71-46a3-8eab-c8ea8b2a8174_932c0400.jpg","data-fid":"15839786","data-resolution":"1","width":"2000","height":"1306","title":"Causeway Bay is one of Hong Kong’s popular shopping districts. Photo: Sam Tsang","alt":"Causeway Bay is one of Hong Kong’s popular shopping districts. 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The shop owner told me it was not a problem and I could pay her later,” the 30-year-old said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“There were also times I was short of a few dollars to pay for lunch, and the market food stall owner, who knew I worked nearby, told me I could pay the next day.”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"90"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"She recalled that when she returned three days later, the owner smiled and said: “Oh, you remembered!”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Au said: “These warm daily interactions are experiences you can’t find in other places.”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"After completing her studies at the Cordon Bleu culinary school in London last December, she chose to return to Hong Kong despite having a job offer there."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“I didn’t want to leave the place where I grew up,” she said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Starting her own business, she realised there were many other people similar to her, “quietly working for their dreams” in an effort to diversify Hong Kong products beyond the offerings of chain stores."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Hong Kong truly has many hidden gems, I hope it will not be solely dominated by mainland or foreign brands,” she said."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Although her business was still new, she said she already had a group of loyal customers despite her pastries being pricier than on the mainland."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“I think this shows that Hong Kong people are willing to spend, but they have just become more selective,” she said."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"7"}},{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"100"}}]},"keywords":["scmp, news, Kelvin Chan, US dollar, Hong Kong Retail Management Association, Meta, Tai Wai, Amely Au, Threads, Hong Kong, Be Water Mart, Debby Chan Ka-lam, China, Chan, Tam Mei-ling, Shenzhen, Yuen Long District Council"],"readingTime":7,"shortUrl":"https://sc.mp/orci1","commentCount":39,"relatedNewsletters":[],"createdDate":1732032962000,"authorLocations":["Hong Kong"],"corrections":[],"displaySlideShow":true,"multimediaEmbed":{"json":[]},"printHeadline":null,"seriesContainer":null,"firstTopic":{"__isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias":"Topic","__typename":"Topic","entityId":"325376","entityUuid":"88fe13d4-5256-4e77-a0f1-4f0c1215762d","urlAlias":"/topics/hong-kong-economy","urlRedirect":null,"application":null,"name":"Hong Kong economy","disableFollow":false,"contents":{"edges":[{"node":{"__typename":"Article","entityId":"3298964","__isContent":"Article","urlAlias":"/news/hong-kong/law-and-crime/article/3298964/hong-kong-keep-one-country-two-systems-model-indefinitely-minister-says","sponsorType":null,"__isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias":"Article","entityUuid":"33801595-f22f-402f-81ea-1bf8829857d8","urlRedirect":null,"application":{"entityId":"325477","id":"QXBwbGljYXRpb246MjY5NWIyYzktOTZlZi00ZmU0LTk2ZjgtYmEyMGQwYTAyMGIz"},"flattenTypeIds":[],"liveArticle":null,"sections":[{"value":[{"entityId":"91","id":"U2VjdGlvbjo4NmUxYzUxOS05NDhlLTQ0NjAtYWRjMy0xZGZhZmVmYTYwZGE=","name":"News"},{"entityId":"2","id":"U2VjdGlvbjo0NjVlMjM2OC1iNWQ5LTRhYjktYTQ3MS1lN2ZmOTIxZTYzODk=","name":"Hong Kong"},{"entityId":"318211","id":"U2VjdGlvbjo4YWY1MjkwMy1mZDNkLTQ5MTYtYTdlNy02MDVlZTliMzAyYjA=","name":"Law and Crime"}]}],"paywallTypes":[],"headline":"Hong Kong to keep ‘one country, two systems’ model indefinitely, minister says","images":[{"url":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2025/02/17/9f4cf6d0-3e44-4dbc-bae0-e54a7b4773fd_c99af309.jpg","title":"Hong Kong justice minister Paul Lam spoke at the South China Morning Post’s China Conference: Southeast Asia 2025 on Monday. 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assurance, political values, human ties and ‘stubbornness’ among reasons they stay home to shop.\n","json":[{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Quality assurance, political values, human ties and ‘stubbornness’ among reasons they stay home to shop."}]}]},"subHeadline":{"text":"Quality assurance, political values, human ties and ‘stubbornness’ among reasons they stay home to shop\n","json":[{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Quality assurance, political values, human ties and ‘stubbornness’ among reasons they stay home to shop"}]}]},"body":{"text":"Hong Kong homemaker and part-time teacher Tam Mei-ling is on a personal mission to preserve her city’s cultural landscape and identity.\nThe 48-year-old mother of two does that by supporting local businesses and refraining from joining the crowd of Hongkongers heading across the border to shop and eat in mainland China.\nShe told the Post that this was important, especially for people such as her, who had chosen to remain amid the wave of emigration following the social unrest of 2019, Beijing’s imposition of the national security law and the Covid-19 pandemic.\nSaddened to see Hong Kong shops, restaurants and other businesses closing, she said: “It’s heartbreaking to see how much things have gone downhill.”\nAs for those who prefer to stretch their dollar on the mainland, she said: “I don’t want to use the word ‘abandon’, but it does feel that way … they have abandoned the city they are still living in, and I find it hard to understand.”\nTam is one of a small group of Hongkongers adamant in their support of local businesses, with some even rejecting the idea of going to the mainland at all, despite the higher prices in the city.\nSome have taken to social media to talk about their choice and complain about being criticised by family and friends for bucking the trend.\n“Is it pointless and idiotic of me to insist on spending locally, instead of heading up north?” asked one social media user. “I feel like nobody else in my life supports me.”\nThat post in July attracted around 4,300 likes and more than 700 comments, with many agreeing and expressing support, or lamenting that they were part of a shrinking minority.\nEver since the borders reopened in February 2023, after three years of strict anti-pandemic restrictions, Hong Kong businesses have been struggling, with ongoing store closures even hitting established retail chains and restaurants.\nOne reason is that high-spending mainland visitors have not returned in as large numbers as before the pandemic, not least because of the unsteady economy across the border and Hong Kong’s relatively strong dollar.\n\nAlso, in a turnaround from a decade ago, Hongkongers have begun flocking to places such as Shenzhen for dining, entertainment and even shopping for their daily necessities and groceries.\nHongkongers who stayed home to support local businesses told the Post they did so for the assurance of quality, personal political values, established human connections, or sheer “stubbornness”.\nHomemaker Tam, for one, said she preferred local products not only for their quality, but also their “Hong Kong characteristics” and a sense of familiarity that only Hongkongers would understand.\nAt a time when about 500,000 residents have emigrated, she felt it was important to teach her children, aged nine and 11, about having a sense of belonging and identity.\n“Those who have the means have left, and their reasons for doing so are valid,” she said. “For those of us who have chosen to stay, we try to persist and hold on.”\nTam said people had asked why she did not take her children to visit the mainland.\nHer reply: “There are a lot of great places for children in Hong Kong that they haven’t visited either, so why not take time to learn about their home city?”\nTam said she was loyal in patronising some shops, even those that were a distance from her home in Sai Kung, and did not mind travelling 20 minutes by public transport to an organic goods shop in Hang Hau, for example.\n“It started when my daughter was younger and developed a health condition. She needed to drink a certain type of formula, and this was one of the few shops that carried it,” she said. “Now I continue to buy all my shampoos and soaps there as well.”\nCareful about food products\nKelvin Chan, 42, who works in the manufacturing sector, has not been to the mainland for many years.\nHis Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macau Residents, commonly known as the “home return permit”, expired about a decade ago and he said he had no plans to renew it.\nWhile acknowledging the “great advancements” on the mainland over the years, he could not shake off his doubts about quality.\nThe father of a six-year-old son, he had previously worked closely with mainland suppliers and found the quality of products to be uneven, unreliable or subject to less stringent standards.\n“Of course, sometimes you spend money on something and the worst that can happen is it breaks or stops working, and you just buy it again from somewhere else,” he said.\n“But when it comes to food or other items that enter the body, I think that can be risky.”\nDespite his support for local businesses, however, he could not help feeling uncertain for their future.\n“Sometimes, I feel it’s a kind of blind, pure stubbornness to persist,” he said. “I know the HK$500 [US$64] I occasionally spend at a shop isn’t going to do much in the grand scheme of things,” he said.\n\n‘Pandemic ended, but rents shot up’\nThe latest official data showed the value of total retail sales in September dropped by 6.9 per cent to HK$29.6 billion compared with the same month in 2023. It was the seventh consecutive month of decline.\nAnnie Tse Yau On-yee, chairwoman of the Hong Kong Retail Management Association, had earlier said the city should expect an overall percentage decline in the low double digits for the entire year.\nShe said the retail sector had hit “rock bottom”, but was hopeful for growth in 2025.\nOne local business hit by post-pandemic woes was Be Water Mart, which opened in 2020 and at its peak had four outlets selling made-in-Hong Kong goods such as locally brewed beers, snacks and cosmetics.\nIt closed its last store in Tai Wai in February.\n“I spent some time in Taiwan during my studies and there, I observed many made-in-Taiwan products and shops … it made me wonder why Hong Kong did not seem to have any of its own,” co-founder Dream Law Ting-fai said.\nLaw, a former opposition politician who was an assistant to ex-lawmaker Raymond Wong Yuk-man and an unsuccessful district council candidate, said that while the brand expanded during the pandemic, it faced major challenges after restrictions were lifted.\nA prompt rise in rents was among the factors that led to his outlets closing one after the other.\n“My team and I were pessimistic about the outlook for Hong Kong’s retail market as fewer tourists were coming while locals scrambled to leave for holidays,” he said.\nThe brand has since switched to concentrate on e-commerce, focusing more on its home-made popcorn products with local flavours such as stir-fried beef noodles, soy sauce and shrimp roe.\nHe has opened a small popcorn shop at the Star Ferry Pier in Central.\n“We are a Hong Kong brand, so we feel it is important to have a physical presence here,” he said.\n‘When there’s no crisis, people forget’\nBusinesswoman Debby Chan Ka-lam, a former Sai Kung district councillor, lamented that Hongkongers had forgotten how critical local businesses were during the three years of the pandemic.\nShe recalled the period when there was a severe shortage of fresh produce from the mainland after a number of cross-border truck drivers tested positive for Covid-19.\n“That was when local vegetable farmers became the centre of attention,” she said. “But then, everyone forgets.\n“When do people remember Hong Kong farmers? Only when there’s a typhoon or when there’s no food available due to a lockdown.”\nChan owned a store selling local products such as postcards, books, incense and snacks, but closed it in April because of prolonged poor sales.\nHigh rents were an issue, she said, noting that despite all the shop closures, landlords remained reluctant to lower rents.\n“Even now, more than six months after I moved out, the premises remain empty,” she said.\n\nShop with your heart or your head?\nYong Chen, an associate professor who focuses on Chinese economics, marketing and tourism at the top-ranked EHL Hospitality Business School in Switzerland, said it was understandable there would be some people in a place such as Hong Kong who would support local goods and businesses.\nHe said people formed attachments to certain goods, especially items they had used for a long time, and “the emotional benefits of these goods and services simply override their economic benefits”.\n“Consumers also have sympathy for businesses in economic hardship, and hope these businesses can weather the difficult times with their purchases and support,” he said.\nBut he added that it was inevitable most people would make purchasing choices based on economics – choosing to shop where their dollar stretched furthest – making it hard for the city’s businesses to rely on sentiment alone.\nChen said the ongoing business closures contributed to a vicious cycle.\nHe said Hong Kong was becoming relatively expensive for some consumer goods and services, and this was reflected in the closure of restaurants and retail shops.\nThat only made the city’s prices even more unattractive compared with those on the mainland.\n\nPessimistic about the outlook for the near future, he said Hong Kong’s economic troubles were largely beyond its control.\n“Local businesses are not the cause but the victims of deglobalisation and many other external challenges,” he said.\n“Like other open and advanced economies, Hong Kong depends on international demand in a multitude of sectors, and it is still uncertain when the demand can recover to sustain the growth of local businesses.”\nMeanwhile, he added, the increased connectivity between Hong Kong and the mainland had inevitably contributed to the situation, making it easy for Hongkongers to travel across the border to shop, eat and relax.\nOther experts argued that while better-off middle-class Hongkongers might not be interested in spending on the mainland, economic uncertainties had affected their shopping habits too.\n“This group is supposed to be the core pillar of consumption, but waning confidence about the economic outlook may still lead them to spend more cautiously,” said Gary Ng Cheuk-yan, a senior economist with Natixis Corporate and Investment Bank.\nBanking on human connections\nEmbarking on her online business selling treats such as scones and apple pies, Hong Kong pastry chef Amely Au Yee-tung, was counting on building a clientele of Hongkongers willing to support a local business.\nShe said she had always valued the human connection offered by relationships built over years in the same neighbourhood.\n“When I was preparing my studio, I went to a small paper offerings shop at the market and forgot to bring cash. The shop owner told me it was not a problem and I could pay her later,” the 30-year-old said.\n“There were also times I was short of a few dollars to pay for lunch, and the market food stall owner, who knew I worked nearby, told me I could pay the next day.”\nShe recalled that when she returned three days later, the owner smiled and said: “Oh, you remembered!”\nAu said: “These warm daily interactions are experiences you can’t find in other places.”\nAfter completing her studies at the Cordon Bleu culinary school in London last December, she chose to return to Hong Kong despite having a job offer there.\n“I didn’t want to leave the place where I grew up,” she said.\nStarting her own business, she realised there were many other people similar to her, “quietly working for their dreams” in an effort to diversify Hong Kong products beyond the offerings of chain stores.\n“Hong Kong truly has many hidden gems, I hope it will not be solely dominated by mainland or foreign brands,” she said.\nAlthough her business was still new, she said she already had a group of loyal customers despite her pastries being pricier than on the mainland.\n“I think this shows that Hong Kong people are willing to spend, but they have just become more selective,” she said.\n","json":[{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"0"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Hong Kong homemaker and part-time teacher Tam Mei-ling is on a personal mission to preserve her city’s cultural landscape and identity."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"0"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"The 48-year-old mother of two does that by supporting local businesses and refraining from joining the crowd of Hongkongers heading across the border to shop and eat in mainland China."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"She told the Post that this was important, especially for people such as her, who had chosen to remain amid the wave of emigration following the social unrest of 2019, Beijing’s imposition of the national security law and the Covid-19 pandemic."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"1"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Saddened to see Hong Kong shops, restaurants and other businesses closing, she said: “It’s heartbreaking to see how much things have gone downhill.”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"As for those who prefer to stretch their dollar on the mainland, she said: “I don’t want to use the word ‘abandon’, but it does feel that way … they have abandoned the city they are still living in, and I find it hard to understand.”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"2"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Tam is one of a small group of Hongkongers adamant in their support of local businesses, with some even rejecting the idea of going to the mainland at all, despite the higher prices in the city."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Some have taken to social media to talk about their choice and complain about being criticised by family and friends for bucking the trend."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Is it pointless and idiotic of me to insist on spending locally, instead of heading up north?” asked one social media user. “I feel like nobody else in my life supports me.”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"3"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"That post in July attracted around 4,300 likes and more than 700 comments, with many agreeing and expressing support, or lamenting that they were part of a shrinking minority."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Ever since the borders reopened in February 2023, after three years of strict anti-pandemic restrictions, Hong Kong businesses have been struggling, with ongoing store closures even hitting "},{"type":"a","attribs":{"href":"https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/hong-kong-economy/article/3281708/hong-kongs-economic-woes-are-killing-chains-which-ones-have-shut-recent-years","title":"","target":"_self","data-entity-uuid":"2c82f263-0325-498e-bd52-f4442601b80f","data-entity-type":"node","data-entity-bundle":"article"},"children":[{"type":"u","children":[{"type":"text","data":"established retail chains and restaurants"}]}]},{"type":"text","data":"."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"One reason is that high-spending mainland visitors have not returned in as large numbers as before the pandemic, not least because of the unsteady economy across the border and Hong Kong’s relatively strong dollar."}]},{"type":"div","attribs":{"class":"image-inline-container"},"children":[{"type":"img","attribs":{"class":"image-inline caption","src":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2024/11/20/ea41597d-4fac-4e75-b014-82dd577780c3_71832a45.jpg","data-fid":"15839784","data-resolution":"1","width":"2000","height":"1334","title":"The retail sector has hit “rock bottom”, an industry leader says. Photo: Jelly Tse","alt":"The retail sector has hit “rock bottom”, an industry leader says. Photo: Jelly Tse"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Also, in a turnaround from a decade ago, Hongkongers have begun flocking to places such as Shenzhen for dining, entertainment and even shopping for their daily necessities and groceries."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"4"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Hongkongers who stayed home to support local businesses told the Post they did so for the assurance of quality, personal political values, established human connections, or sheer “stubbornness”."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Homemaker Tam, for one, said she preferred local products not only for their quality, but also their “Hong Kong characteristics” and a sense of familiarity that only Hongkongers would understand."}]},{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"20"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"At a time when about 500,000 residents have emigrated, she felt it was important to teach her children, aged nine and 11, about having a sense of belonging and identity."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"5"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Those who have the means have left, and their reasons for doing so are valid,” she said. “For those of us who have chosen to stay, we try to persist and hold on.”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Tam said people had asked why she did not take her children to visit the mainland."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Her reply: “There are a lot of great places for children in Hong Kong that they haven’t visited either, so why not take time to learn about their home city?”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"infiniteAdsAfterNumber":"3","tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Tam said she was loyal in patronising some shops, even those that were a distance from her home in Sai Kung, and did not mind travelling 20 minutes by public transport to an organic goods shop in Hang Hau, for example."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“It started when my daughter was younger and developed a health condition. She needed to drink a certain type of formula, and this was one of the few shops that carried it,” she said. “Now I continue to buy all my shampoos and soaps there as well.”"}]},{"type":"h3","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Careful about food products"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Kelvin Chan, 42, who works in the manufacturing sector, has not been to the mainland for many years."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"His Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macau Residents, commonly known as the “home return permit”, expired about a decade ago and he said he had no plans to renew it."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"While acknowledging the “great advancements” on the mainland over the years, he could not shake off his doubts about quality."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"The father of a six-year-old son, he had previously worked closely with mainland suppliers and found the quality of products to be uneven, unreliable or subject to less stringent standards."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Of course, sometimes you spend money on something and the worst that can happen is it breaks or stops working, and you just buy it again from somewhere else,” he said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“But when it comes to food or other items that enter the body, I think that can be risky.”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Despite his support for local businesses, however, he could not help feeling uncertain for their future."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Sometimes, I feel it’s a kind of blind, pure stubbornness to persist,” he said. “I know the HK$500 [US$64] I occasionally spend at a shop isn’t going to do much in the grand scheme of things,” he said."}]},{"type":"div","attribs":{"class":"image-inline-container"},"children":[{"type":"img","attribs":{"class":"image-inline caption","src":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2024/11/20/4bc4a507-67d1-4fc8-8575-6d28cd927752_1126e908.jpg","data-fid":"15841452","data-resolution":"1","width":"2000","height":"1333","title":"Dream Law, co-founder of Be Water Popcorn, has said that while the brand expanded during the pandemic, it faced major challenges after restrictions were lifted. Photo: May Tse","alt":"Dream Law, co-founder of Be Water Popcorn, has said that while the brand expanded during the pandemic, it faced major challenges after restrictions were lifted. Photo: May Tse"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"h3","children":[{"type":"text","data":"‘Pandemic ended, but rents shot up’"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"The latest official data showed the value of total retail sales in September dropped by 6.9 per cent to HK$29.6 billion compared with the same month in 2023. It was the seventh consecutive month of decline."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Annie Tse Yau On-yee, chairwoman of the Hong Kong Retail Management Association, had earlier said the city should expect an overall percentage decline in the low double digits for the entire year."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"She said the retail sector had hit “rock bottom”, but was hopeful for growth in 2025."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"One local business hit by post-pandemic woes was Be Water Mart, which opened in 2020 and at its peak had four outlets selling made-in-Hong Kong goods such as locally brewed beers, snacks and cosmetics."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"It closed its last store in Tai Wai in February."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“I spent some time in Taiwan during my studies and there, I observed many made-in-Taiwan products and shops … it made me wonder why Hong Kong did not seem to have any of its own,” co-founder Dream Law Ting-fai said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Law, a former opposition politician who was an assistant to ex-lawmaker Raymond Wong Yuk-man and an unsuccessful district council candidate, said that while the brand expanded during the pandemic, it faced major challenges after restrictions were lifted."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"50"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"A prompt rise in rents was among the factors that led to his outlets closing one after the other."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“My team and I were pessimistic about the outlook for Hong Kong’s retail market as fewer tourists were coming while locals scrambled to leave for holidays,” he said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"The brand has since switched to concentrate on e-commerce, focusing more on its home-made popcorn products with local flavours such as stir-fried beef noodles, soy sauce and shrimp roe."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"He has opened a small popcorn shop at the Star Ferry Pier in Central."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“We are a Hong Kong brand, so we feel it is important to have a physical presence here,” he said."}]},{"type":"h3","children":[{"type":"text","data":"‘When there’s no crisis, people forget’"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Businesswoman Debby Chan Ka-lam, a former Sai Kung district councillor, lamented that Hongkongers had forgotten how critical local businesses were during the three years of the pandemic."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"She recalled the period when there was a severe shortage of fresh produce from the mainland after a number of cross-border truck drivers tested positive for Covid-19."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“That was when local vegetable farmers became the centre of attention,” she said. “But then, everyone forgets."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“When do people remember Hong Kong farmers? Only when there’s a typhoon or when there’s no food available due to a lockdown.”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Chan owned a store selling local products such as postcards, books, incense and snacks, but closed it in April because of prolonged poor sales."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"High rents were an issue, she said, noting that despite all the shop closures, landlords remained reluctant to lower rents."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Even now, more than six months after I moved out, the premises remain empty,” she said."}]},{"type":"div","attribs":{"class":"image-inline-container"},"children":[{"type":"img","attribs":{"class":"image-inline caption","src":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2024/11/20/cd37bf49-1f1d-4b6d-bf77-595787c46800_359005cc.jpg","data-fid":"15839785","data-resolution":"1","width":"2000","height":"1146","title":"Vacant shops are just one sign of the pain the retail sector is feeling. Photo: Dickson Lee","alt":"Vacant shops are just one sign of the pain the retail sector is feeling. Photo: Dickson Lee"},"children":[]}]},{"type":"h3","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Shop with your heart or your head?"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Yong Chen, an associate professor who focuses on Chinese economics, marketing and tourism at the top-ranked EHL Hospitality Business School in Switzerland, said it was understandable there would be some people in a place such as Hong Kong who would support local goods and businesses."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"He said people formed attachments to certain goods, especially items they had used for a long time, and “the emotional benefits of these goods and services simply override their economic benefits”."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Consumers also have sympathy for businesses in economic hardship, and hope these businesses can weather the difficult times with their purchases and support,” he said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"But he added that it was inevitable most people would make purchasing choices based on economics – choosing to shop where their dollar stretched furthest – making it hard for the city’s businesses to rely on sentiment alone."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Chen said the ongoing business closures contributed to a vicious cycle."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"He said Hong Kong was becoming relatively expensive for some consumer goods and services, and this was reflected in the closure of restaurants and retail shops."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"That only made the city’s prices even more unattractive compared with those on the mainland."}]},{"type":"div","attribs":{"class":"image-inline-container"},"children":[{"type":"img","attribs":{"class":"image-inline caption","src":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2024/11/20/10f00f89-6d71-46a3-8eab-c8ea8b2a8174_932c0400.jpg","data-fid":"15839786","data-resolution":"1","width":"2000","height":"1306","title":"Causeway Bay is one of Hong Kong’s popular shopping districts. Photo: Sam Tsang","alt":"Causeway Bay is one of Hong Kong’s popular shopping districts. 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The shop owner told me it was not a problem and I could pay her later,” the 30-year-old said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“There were also times I was short of a few dollars to pay for lunch, and the market food stall owner, who knew I worked nearby, told me I could pay the next day.”"}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"90"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"She recalled that when she returned three days later, the owner smiled and said: “Oh, you remembered!”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Au said: “These warm daily interactions are experiences you can’t find in other places.”"}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"After completing her studies at the Cordon Bleu culinary school in London last December, she chose to return to Hong Kong despite having a job offer there."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“I didn’t want to leave the place where I grew up,” she said."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Starting her own business, she realised there were many other people similar to her, “quietly working for their dreams” in an effort to diversify Hong Kong products beyond the offerings of chain stores."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“Hong Kong truly has many hidden gems, I hope it will not be solely dominated by mainland or foreign brands,” she said."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"6"}},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"Although her business was still new, she said she already had a group of loyal customers despite her pastries being pricier than on the mainland."}]},{"type":"p","children":[{"type":"text","data":"“I think this shows that Hong Kong people are willing to spend, but they have just become more selective,” she said."}]},{"type":"inline-ad-slot","attribs":{"tag":"7"}},{"type":"track-viewed-percentage","attribs":{"percentage":"100"}}]},"keywords":["scmp, news, Kelvin Chan, US dollar, Hong Kong Retail Management Association, Meta, Tai Wai, Amely Au, Threads, Hong Kong, Be Water Mart, Debby Chan Ka-lam, China, Chan, Tam Mei-ling, Shenzhen, Yuen Long District Council"],"readingTime":7,"shortUrl":"https://sc.mp/orci1","commentCount":39,"relatedNewsletters":[],"createdDate":1732032962000,"authorLocations":["Hong Kong"],"corrections":[],"displaySlideShow":true,"multimediaEmbed":{"json":[]},"printHeadline":null,"seriesContainer":null,"firstTopic":{"__isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias":"Topic","__typename":"Topic","entityId":"325376","entityUuid":"88fe13d4-5256-4e77-a0f1-4f0c1215762d","urlAlias":"/topics/hong-kong-economy","urlRedirect":null,"application":null,"name":"Hong Kong economy","disableFollow":false,"contents":{"edges":[{"node":{"__typename":"Article","entityId":"3298964","__isContent":"Article","urlAlias":"/news/hong-kong/law-and-crime/article/3298964/hong-kong-keep-one-country-two-systems-model-indefinitely-minister-says","sponsorType":null,"__isBaseWithApplicationAndUrlAlias":"Article","entityUuid":"33801595-f22f-402f-81ea-1bf8829857d8","urlRedirect":null,"application":{"entityId":"325477","id":"QXBwbGljYXRpb246MjY5NWIyYzktOTZlZi00ZmU0LTk2ZjgtYmEyMGQwYTAyMGIz"},"flattenTypeIds":[],"liveArticle":null,"sections":[{"value":[{"entityId":"91","id":"U2VjdGlvbjo4NmUxYzUxOS05NDhlLTQ0NjAtYWRjMy0xZGZhZmVmYTYwZGE=","name":"News"},{"entityId":"2","id":"U2VjdGlvbjo0NjVlMjM2OC1iNWQ5LTRhYjktYTQ3MS1lN2ZmOTIxZTYzODk=","name":"Hong Kong"},{"entityId":"318211","id":"U2VjdGlvbjo4YWY1MjkwMy1mZDNkLTQ5MTYtYTdlNy02MDVlZTliMzAyYjA=","name":"Law and Crime"}]}],"paywallTypes":[],"headline":"Hong Kong to keep ‘one country, two systems’ model indefinitely, minister says","images":[{"url":"https://cdn.i-scmp.com/sites/default/files/d8/images/canvas/2025/02/17/9f4cf6d0-3e44-4dbc-bae0-e54a7b4773fd_c99af309.jpg","title":"Hong Kong justice minister Paul Lam spoke at the South China Morning Post’s China Conference: Southeast Asia 2025 on Monday. 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