CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: reward management</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: reward management"> <meta name="keywords" content="reward management"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="reward management" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="reward management"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 9708</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: reward management</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9708</span> Tactile Cues and Spatial Navigation in Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rubaiyea%20Uddin">Rubaiyea Uddin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hippocampus, located in the limbic system, is most commonly known for its role in memory and spatial navigation (as cited in Brain Reward and Pathways). It maintains an especially important role in specifically episodic and declarative memory. The hippocampus has also recently been linked to dopamine, the reward pathway’s primary neurotransmitter. Since research has found that dopamine also contributes to memory consolidation and hippocampal plasticity, this neurotransmitter is potentially responsible for contributing to the hippocampus’s role in memory formation. In this experiment we tested to see the effect of tactile cues on spatial navigation for eight different mice. We used a radial arm that had one designated 'reward' arm containing sucrose. The presence or absence of bedding was our tactile cue. We attempted to see if the memory of that cue would enhance the mice’s memory of having received the reward in that arm. The results from our study showed there was no significant response from the use of tactile cues on spatial navigation on our 129 mice. Tactile cues therefore do not influence spatial navigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mice" title="mice">mice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20arm%20maze" title=" radial arm maze"> radial arm maze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory"> memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20navigation" title=" spatial navigation"> spatial navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tactile%20cues" title=" tactile cues"> tactile cues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hippocampus" title=" hippocampus"> hippocampus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward" title=" reward"> reward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20skills" title=" sensory skills"> sensory skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alzheimer%E2%80%99s" title=" Alzheimer’s"> Alzheimer’s</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurodegnerative%20disease" title=" neurodegnerative disease"> neurodegnerative disease</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21710/tactile-cues-and-spatial-navigation-in-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21710.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">649</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9707</span> Innovation Knowledge Management for Public Sector in the Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Supattra%20Kanchanopast">Supattra Kanchanopast</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article presents the process of change for innovation in the Thai public sector in order to create higher client satisfaction. Change management should concern the potentiality of the change agent or leader, the long-term vision or policy (political side) of the organization, the communication within the organization, suitable organizational culture and structure, preparedness of the personnel, and the fitness of the reward system. Sustaining innovation creation is not sophisticated, as traditionally believed. A basic management principle of identifying clarified and motivating goals needs to be followed by creating support systems after implementation and by ensuring the stakeholders’ benefit, derived from the innovation projects. Finally, creating an amiable atmosphere among the practitioners, including effective evaluation and reward schemes, will support the innovation. However, none of these will ever take place unless support is gained from the leaders of those organizations, and from the staff and clients involved also as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=change%20management" title="change management">change management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=client%20satisfaction" title=" client satisfaction"> client satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovation%20management" title=" innovation management"> innovation management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thai%20public%20sector" title=" Thai public sector"> Thai public sector</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43948/innovation-knowledge-management-for-public-sector-in-the-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">252</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9706</span> Exposure to Tactile Cues Does Not Influence Spatial Navigation in 129 S1/SvLm Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rubaiyea%20Uddin">Rubaiyea Uddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rebecca%20Taylor"> Rebecca Taylor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emily%20Levesque"> Emily Levesque</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The hippocampus, located in the limbic system, is most commonly known for its role in memory and spatial navigation (as cited in Brain Reward and Pathways). It maintains an especially important role in specifically episodic and declarative memory. The hippocampus has also recently been linked to dopamine, the reward pathway’s primary neurotransmitter. Since research has found that dopamine also contributes to memory consolidation and hippocampal plasticity, this neurotransmitter is potentially responsible for contributing to the hippocampus’s role in memory formation. In this experiment we tested to see the effect of tactile cues on spatial navigation for eight different mice. We used a radial arm that had one designated “reward” arm containing sucrose. The presence or absence of bedding was our tactile cue. We attempted to see if the memory of that cue would enhance the mice’s memory of having received the reward in that arm. The results from our study showed there was no significant response from the use of tactile cues on spatial navigation on our 129 mice. Tactile cues therefore do not influence spatial navigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mice" title="mice">mice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radial%20arm%20maze" title=" radial arm maze"> radial arm maze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory" title=" memory"> memory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20navigation" title=" spatial navigation"> spatial navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tactile%20cues" title=" tactile cues"> tactile cues</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hippocampus" title=" hippocampus"> hippocampus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward" title=" reward"> reward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20skills" title=" sensory skills"> sensory skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alzheimer%27s" title=" Alzheimer's"> Alzheimer's</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuro-degenerative%20diseases" title=" neuro-degenerative diseases"> neuro-degenerative diseases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17816/exposure-to-tactile-cues-does-not-influence-spatial-navigation-in-129-s1svlm-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">688</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9705</span> Effort-Reward-Imbalance and Self-Rated Health Among Healthcare Professionals in the Gambia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amadou%20Darboe">Amadou Darboe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuo%20Hsien-Wen"> Kuo Hsien-Wen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background/Objective: The Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) model by Siegrist et al (1986) have been widely used to examine the relationship between psychosocial factors at work and health. It claimed that failed reciprocity in terms of high efforts and low rewards elicits strong negative emotions in combination with sustained autonomic activation and is hazardous to health. The aim of this study is to identify the association between Self-rated Health and Effort-reward Imbalance (ERI) among Nurses and Environmental Health officers in the Gambia. Method: a cross-sectional study was conducted using a multi-stage random sampling of 296 healthcare professionals (206 nurses and 90 environmental health officers) working in public health facilities. The 22 items Effort-reward imbalance questionnaire (ERI-L version 22.11.2012) will be used to collect data on the psychosocial factors defined by the model. In addition, self-rated health will be assessed by using structured questionnaires containing Likert scale items. Results: We found that self-rated health among environmental health officers has a significant negative correlation with extrinsic effort and a positive significant correlations with occupational reward and job satisfaction. However, among the nurses only job satisfaction was significantly correlated with self-rated health and was positive. Overall, Extrinsic effort has a significant negative correlation with reward and job satisfaction but a positive correlation with over-commitment. Conclusion: Because low reward and high over-commitment among the nursing group, It is necessary to modify working conditions through improving psychosocial factors, such as reasonable allocation of resources to increase pay or rewards from government. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effort-reward%20imbalance%20model" title="effort-reward imbalance model">effort-reward imbalance model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare%20professionals" title=" healthcare professionals"> healthcare professionals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-rated%20health" title=" self-rated health"> self-rated health</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25486/effort-reward-imbalance-and-self-rated-health-among-healthcare-professionals-in-the-gambia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25486.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9704</span> Influence of Human Resource Management Practices on Agricultural Employees’ Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20G.%20Abiona">B. G. Abiona</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=O.%20E.%20Fapojuwo"> O. E. Fapojuwo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Akinlawon"> T. Akinlawon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study assessed the influence of human resource management practices on agricultural employees’ behavior. Data were collected from 75 randomly selected respondents using a well-structured questionnaire. The mean age of the employees’ was 43.2 years. Major human resource management practices that influence employees behaviors were: In-service training are given to employees on a regular basis (average value of x=3.44), management reward employees who are committed to their job (average value of x =3.41) and reward are designed to encourage wide participation and activity (average value of x=3.41). Also, major employees’ behavior include: Managers and employees’ wants to create better job performance (average value of x=3.13) and administrator provides praise and recognition for effective performance and show appreciation for special effort (average value of x=3.05). Major factors affecting employees’ behavior were: inadequate training (average value of x=2.93), inadequate local and international training (average value of x=2.87), inadequate grants for training programmes (average value of x= 2.81). A significant relationship was found between gender (χ2 = 37.204, P<0.05), educational qualification (χ2 = 59.093, P<0.05), income (r =0.122, P<0.05) and human resource management practices (r = 0.573, P< 0.05) of the respondents and employees’ behavior. Management should encourage employees who are committed to their job through awards and recognition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resources%20management" title="human resources management">human resources management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agricultural%20employees" title=" agricultural employees"> agricultural employees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behaviour%20research%20institutes" title="behaviour research institutes">behaviour research institutes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nigeria" title=" Nigeria"> Nigeria</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45218/influence-of-human-resource-management-practices-on-agricultural-employees-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45218.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">253</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9703</span> The Relation of Motivation and Reward with Volunteer Satisfaction: Empirical Evidence from Omani Non-Profit Organization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Al%20Shamli">Ali Al Shamli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Talal%20AlMamari"> Talal AlMamari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The relationship between motivation and satisfaction is posited to be mediated by reward. In this study, the motivation construct was measured by a motivation scale. The scale when factor analysed generated five factors. These factors were referred as; 1) leisure motivation, 2) egoistic motivation, 3) external motivation, 4) purposive, and 5) material motivation. The reward construct was measured by using a five-item scale whereas the satisfaction construct was measured by using a 13-item scale. The scale when factor analysed produced three factors which are referred as; 1) satisfaction A, 2) satisfaction B, and 3) satisfaction C. Objective: The main purpose of the present paper was to find out the relation of motivation and reward with volunteer satisfaction at national sports organizations (NPSOs) in Oman. Methods: This current study adopts a cross-sectional design as the data collection is done only once whereas the mode of administration was postal questionnaire where each questionnaire was posted, completed, and returned using the self-addressed envelope after its completion. The population of the study consisted of (160) boards and directors members of NPSOs (Non-Profit Sports Organization Services) in Oman from all 43 sports club. Results: The findings provided new empirical evidence that supported the argument of the relationship between motivation and satisfaction is indeed, mediated by reward. However, this study differs in that the relationship was tested based on the first-order constructs which were derived from the underlying dimensions of both motivation and satisfaction constructs. It was established that the relationships between motivation B and motivation C with satisfaction A are mediated by reward. Conclusion: In light of study findings, there is a direct relationship between developmental motivation and experiential satisfaction, a direct relationship between social motivation and relational satisfaction, as well as personal motivation and relational satisfaction, is mediated by reward. Therefore, Omani volunteers are less reliant on the reward as evidenced by the direct relationship between motivation A and satisfaction and between motivation C and satisfaction A. More tests in different settings will provide more understanding on volunteer motivation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-profit%20sports%20organization" title="non-profit sports organization">non-profit sports organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sport%20and%20reward" title=" sport and reward"> sport and reward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=volunteers%20in%20sport" title=" volunteers in sport"> volunteers in sport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=satisfaction%20in%20sport" title=" satisfaction in sport"> satisfaction in sport</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23122/the-relation-of-motivation-and-reward-with-volunteer-satisfaction-empirical-evidence-from-omani-non-profit-organization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23122.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">463</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9702</span> The Validation and Reliability of the Arabic Effort-Reward Imbalance Model Questionnaire: A Cross-Sectional Study among University Students in Jordan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20M.%20AbuAlSamen">Mahmoud M. AbuAlSamen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamam%20El-Elimat"> Tamam El-Elimat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Amid the economic crisis in Jordan, the Jordanian government has opted for a knowledge economy where education is promoted as a mean for economic development. University education usually comes at the expense of study-related stress that may adversely impact the health of students. Since stress is a latent variable that is difficult to measure, a valid tool should be used in doing so. The effort-reward imbalance (ERI) is a model used as a measurement tool for occupational stress. The model was built on the notion of reciprocity, which relates ‘effort’ to ‘reward’ through the mediating ‘over-commitment’. Reciprocity assumes equilibrium between both effort and reward, where ‘high’ effort is adequately compensated with ‘high’ reward. When this equilibrium is violated (i.e., high effort with low reward), this may elicit negative emotions and stress, which have been correlated to adverse health conditions. The theory of ERI was established in many different parts of the world, and associations with chronic diseases and the health of workers were explored at length. While much of the effort-reward imbalance was investigated in work conditions, there has been a growing interest in understanding the validity of the ERI model when applied to other social settings such as schools and universities. The ERI questionnaire was developed in Arabic recently to measure ERI among high school teachers. However, little information is available on the validity of the ERI questionnaire in university students. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 833 students in Jordan to measure the validity and reliability of the ERI questionnaire in Arabic among university students. Reliability, as measured by Cronbach’s alpha of the effort, reward, and overcommitment scales, was 0.73, 0.76, and 0.69, respectively, suggesting satisfactory reliability. The factorial structure was explored using principal axis factoring. The results fitted a five-solution model where both the effort and overcommitment were uni-dimensional while the reward scale was three-dimensional with its factors, namely being ‘support’, ‘esteem’, and ‘security’. The solution explained 56% of the variance in the data. The established ERI theory was replicated with excellent validity in this study. The effort-reward ratio in university students was 1.19, which suggests a slight degree of failed reciprocity. The study also investigated the association of effort, reward, overcommitment, and ERI with participants’ demographic factors and self-reported health. ERI was found to be significantly associated with absenteeism (p < 0.0001), past history of failed courses (p=0.03), and poor academic performance (p < 0.001). Moreover, ERI was found to be associated with poor self-reported health among university students (p=0.01). In conclusion, the Arabic ERI questionnaire is reliable and valid for use in measuring effort-reward imbalance in university students in Jordan. The results of this research are important in informing higher education policy in Jordan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=effort-reward%20imbalance" title="effort-reward imbalance">effort-reward imbalance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=factor%20analysis" title=" factor analysis"> factor analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validity" title=" validity"> validity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-reported%20health" title=" self-reported health "> self-reported health </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114722/the-validation-and-reliability-of-the-arabic-effort-reward-imbalance-model-questionnaire-a-cross-sectional-study-among-university-students-in-jordan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114722.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">116</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9701</span> Portfolio Optimization with Reward-Risk Ratio Measure Based on the Mean Absolute Deviation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wlodzimierz%20Ogryczak">Wlodzimierz Ogryczak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michal%20Przyluski"> Michal Przyluski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomasz%20Sliwinski"> Tomasz Sliwinski</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In problems of portfolio selection, the reward-risk ratio criterion is optimized to search for a risky portfolio with the maximum increase of the mean return in proportion to the risk measure increase when compared to the risk-free investments. In the classical model, following Markowitz, the risk is measured by the variance thus representing the Sharpe ratio optimization and leading to the quadratic optimization problems. Several Linear Programming (LP) computable risk measures have been introduced and applied in portfolio optimization. In particular, the Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) measure has been widely recognized. The reward-risk ratio optimization with the MAD measure can be transformed into the LP formulation with the number of constraints proportional to the number of scenarios and the number of variables proportional to the total of the number of scenarios and the number of instruments. This may lead to the LP models with huge number of variables and constraints in the case of real-life financial decisions based on several thousands scenarios, thus decreasing their computational efficiency and making them hardly solvable by general LP tools. We show that the computational efficiency can be then dramatically improved by an alternative model based on the inverse risk-reward ratio minimization and by taking advantages of the LP duality. In the introduced LP model the number of structural constraints is proportional to the number of instruments thus not affecting seriously the simplex method efficiency by the number of scenarios and therefore guaranteeing easy solvability. Moreover, we show that under natural restriction on the target value the MAD risk-reward ratio optimization is consistent with the second order stochastic dominance rules. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portfolio%20optimization" title="portfolio optimization">portfolio optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward-risk%20ratio" title=" reward-risk ratio"> reward-risk ratio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mean%20absolute%20deviation" title=" mean absolute deviation"> mean absolute deviation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linear%20programming" title=" linear programming"> linear programming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61665/portfolio-optimization-with-reward-risk-ratio-measure-based-on-the-mean-absolute-deviation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61665.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9700</span> Task Based Functional Connectivity within Reward Network in Food Image Viewing Paradigm Using Functional MRI</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preetham%20Shankapal">Preetham Shankapal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jill%20King"> Jill King</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kori%20Murray"> Kori Murray</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Corby%20Martin"> Corby Martin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Paula%20Giselman"> Paula Giselman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jason%20Hicks"> Jason Hicks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Owen%20Carmicheal"> Owen Carmicheal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Activation of reward and satiety networks in the brain while processing palatable food cues, as well as functional connectivity during rest has been studied using functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the brain in various obesity phenotypes. However, functional connectivity within the reward and satiety network during food cue processing is understudied. 14 obese individuals underwent two fMRI scans during viewing of Macronutrient Picture System images. Each scan included two blocks of images of High Sugar/High Fat (HSHF), High Carbohydrate/High Fat (HCHF), Low Sugar/Low Fat (LSLF) and also non-food images. Seed voxels within seven food reward relevant ROIs: Insula, putamen and cingulate, precentral, parahippocampal, medial frontal and superior temporal gyri were isolated based on a prior meta-analysis. Beta series correlation for task-related functional connectivity between these seed voxels and the rest of the brain was computed. Voxel-level differences in functional connectivity were calculated between: first and the second scan; individuals who saw novel (N=7) vs. Repeated (N=7) images in the second scan; and between the HC/HF, HSHF blocks vs LSLF and non-food blocks. Computations and analysis showed that during food image viewing, reward network ROIs showed significant functional connectivity with each other and with other regions responsible for attentional and motor control, including inferior parietal lobe and precentral gyrus. These functional connectivity values were heightened among individuals who viewed novel HS/HF images in the second scan. In the second scan session, functional connectivity was reduced within the reward network but increased within attention, memory and recognition regions, suggesting habituation to reward properties and increased recollection of previously viewed images. In conclusion it can be inferred that Functional Connectivity within reward network and between reward and other brain regions, varies by important experimental conditions during food photography viewing, including habituation to shown foods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fMRI" title="fMRI">fMRI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20connectivity" title=" functional connectivity"> functional connectivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=task-based" title=" task-based"> task-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beta%20series%20correlation" title=" beta series correlation"> beta series correlation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71145/task-based-functional-connectivity-within-reward-network-in-food-image-viewing-paradigm-using-functional-mri" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71145.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9699</span> The Effects of Early Maternal Separation on Risky Choice in Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Osvaldo%20Collazo">Osvaldo Collazo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristiano%20Valerio%20Dos%20Santos"> Cristiano Valerio Dos Santos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Early maternal separation has been shown to bring about many negative effects on behavior in rats. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of early maternal separation on risky choice in rats. One group of male and female Wistar rats was exposed to an early maternal separation protocol while a control group was left undisturbed. Then both groups were exposed to a series of behavioral tests, including a test of risky choice, where one alternative offered a constant reward while the other offered a variable reward. There was a difference between groups when they chose between a variable and a constant reward delay, but no other difference was significant. These results suggest that early maternal separation may be related to a greater preference for shorter delays, which is characteristic of more impulsive choices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=early%20maternal%20separation" title="early maternal separation">early maternal separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impulsivity" title=" impulsivity"> impulsivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risky%20choice" title=" risky choice"> risky choice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variability" title=" variability"> variability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104561/the-effects-of-early-maternal-separation-on-risky-choice-in-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/104561.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">258</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9698</span> Intentionality and Context in the Paradox of Reward and Punishment in the Meccan Surahs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20Fathy%20Mohamed%20Desoky">Asmaa Fathy Mohamed Desoky</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The subject of this research is the inference of intentionality and context from the verses of the Meccan surahs, which include the paradox of reward and punishment, applied to the duality of disbelief and faith; The Holy Quran is the most important sacred linguistic reference in the Arabic language because it is rich in all the rules of the language in addition to the linguistic miracle. the Quranic text is a first-class intentional text, sent down to convey something to the recipient (Muhammad first and then communicates it to Muslims) and influence and convince him, which opens the door to many Ijtihad; a desire to reach the will of Allah and his intention from his words Almighty. Intentionality as a term is one of the most important deliberative terms, but it will be modified to suit the Quranic discourse, especially since intentionality is related to intention-as it turned out earlier - that is, it turns the reader or recipient into a predictor of the unseen, and this does not correspond to the Quranic discourse. Hence, in this research, a set of dualities will be identified that will be studied in order to clarify the meaning of them according to the opinions of previous interpreters in accordance with the sanctity of the Quranic discourse, which is intentionally related to the dualities of reward and punishment, such as: the duality of disbelief and faith, noting that it is a duality that combines opposites and Paradox on one level, because it may be an external paradox between action and reaction, and may be an internal paradox in matters related to faith, and may be a situational paradox in a specific event or a certain fact. It should be noted that the intention of the Qur'anic text is fully realized in form and content, in whole and in part, and this research includes a presentation of some applied models of the issues of intention and context that appear in the verses of the paradox of reward and punishment in the Meccan surahs in Quraan. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intentionality" title="intentionality">intentionality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context" title=" context"> context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20paradox" title=" the paradox"> the paradox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward" title=" reward"> reward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=punishment" title=" punishment"> punishment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meccan%20surahs" title=" Meccan surahs"> Meccan surahs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173551/intentionality-and-context-in-the-paradox-of-reward-and-punishment-in-the-meccan-surahs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173551.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9697</span> Associations between Mindfulness, Temporal Discounting, Locus of Control, and Reward-Based Eating in a Sample of Overweight and Obese Adults </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrea%20S.%20Badillo-Perez">Andrea S. Badillo-Perez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexis%20D.%20Mitchell"> Alexis D. Mitchell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20M.%20Levens"> Sara M. Levens</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Overeating, and obesity have been associated with addictive behavior, primarily due to behaviors like reward-based eating, the tendency to overeat due to factors such as lack of control, preoccupation over food, and lack of satiation. Temporal discounting (TD), the ability to select future rewards over short term gains, and mindfulness, the process of maintaining present moment awareness, have been suggested to have significant, differential impacts on health-related behaviors. An individual’s health locus of control, the degree to which they feel that they have control over their health is also known to have an impact on health outcomes. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between health locus of control and reward-based eating, as well as the relation between TD and mindfulness in a sample (N = 126) of overweight or obese participants from larger health-focused study. Through the use of questionnaires (including the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Reward-Based Eating Drive (RED), and Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLOC)), anthropometric measurements, and a computerized TD task, a series of regressions tested the association between subscales of these measures. Results revealed differences in how the mindfulness subscales are associated with TD measures. Specifically the ‘Observing’ (beta =-.203) and ‘Describing’ (beta =.26) subscales were associated with lower TD rates and a longer subjective devaluation time-frame respectively. In contrast, the ‘Acting with Awareness’ subscale was associated with a shorter subjective devaluation timeframe (beta =-.23). These findings suggest that the reflective perspective initiated through the observing and describing components of mindfulness may facilitate delay of gratification, whereas the acting with awareness component of mindfulness, which focuses on the present moment, may make delay of gratification more challenging. Results also indicated that a higher degree of reward-based eating was associated with a higher degree of an external health locus of control based on the power of chance (beta =.10). However, an external locus of control based on the power of others had no significant association with reward-based eating. This finding implies that the belief that health is due to chance is associated with greater reward-based eating behavior, suggesting that interventions that focus on locus of control may be helpful. Overall, findings demonstrate that weight loss interventions may benefit from health locus of control and mindfulness exercises, but caution should be taken as the components of mindfulness appear to have different effects on increasing or decreasing delay of gratification. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20locus%20of%20control" title="health locus of control">health locus of control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mindfulness" title=" mindfulness"> mindfulness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=obesity" title=" obesity"> obesity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward-based%20eating" title=" reward-based eating"> reward-based eating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temporal%20discounting" title=" temporal discounting"> temporal discounting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113774/associations-between-mindfulness-temporal-discounting-locus-of-control-and-reward-based-eating-in-a-sample-of-overweight-and-obese-adults" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/113774.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">136</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9696</span> Curriculum-Based Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Robotic Navigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyeongbok%20Kim">Hyeongbok Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lingling%20Zhao"> Lingling Zhao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohong%20Su"> Xiaohong Su</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Deep reinforcement learning has been applied to address various problems in robotics, such as autonomous driving and unmanned aerial vehicle. However, because of the sparse reward penalty for a collision with obstacles during the navigation mission, the agent fails to learn the optimal policy or requires a long time for convergence. Therefore, using obstacles and enemy agents, in this paper, we present a curriculum-based boost learning method to effectively train compound skills during multi-agent reinforcement learning. First, to enable the agents to solve challenging tasks, we gradually increased learning difficulties by adjusting reward shaping instead of constructing different learning environments. Then, in a benchmark environment with static obstacles and moving enemy agents, the experimental results showed that the proposed curriculum learning strategy enhanced cooperative navigation and compound collision avoidance skills in uncertain environments while improving learning efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum%20learning" title="curriculum learning">curriculum learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard%20exploration" title=" hard exploration"> hard exploration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-agent%20reinforcement%20learning" title=" multi-agent reinforcement learning"> multi-agent reinforcement learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic%20navigation" title=" robotic navigation"> robotic navigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sparse%20reward" title=" sparse reward"> sparse reward</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162478/curriculum-based-multi-agent-reinforcement-learning-for-robotic-navigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9695</span> Decision Making, Reward Processing and Response Selection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benmansour%20Nassima">Benmansour Nassima</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Benmansour%20Souheyla"> Benmansour Souheyla</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The appropriate integration of reward processing and decision making provided by the environment is vital for behavioural success and individuals’ well being in everyday life. Functional neurological investigation has already provided an inclusive image on affective and emotional (motivational) processing in the healthy human brain and has recently focused its interest also on the assessment of brain function in anxious and depressed individuals. This article offers an overview on the theoretical approaches that relate emotion and decision-making, and spotlights investigation with anxious or depressed individuals to reveal how emotions can interfere with decision-making. This research aims at incorporating the emotional structure based on response and stimulation with a Bayesian approach to decision-making in terms of probability and value processing. It seeks to show how studies of individuals with emotional dysfunctions bear out that alterations of decision-making can be considered in terms of altered probability and value subtraction. The utmost objective is to critically determine if the probabilistic representation of belief affords could be a critical approach to scrutinize alterations in probability and value representation in subjective with anxiety and depression, and draw round the general implications of this approach. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=decision-making" title="decision-making">decision-making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alteration" title=" alteration"> alteration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20processing" title=" reward processing"> reward processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=response%20selection" title=" response selection"> response selection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11339/decision-making-reward-processing-and-response-selection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11339.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9694</span> The Relationships between Human Resource Management and Entrepreneurship: Case Study SME in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bella%20Llego">Bella Llego</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to investigate the relationships between human resource management and entrepreneurship in the view of owner-managers and employees, and among employees with in the SME in Thailand. The research method used a qualitative method to confirm the phenomenology interest with top management position which women are regarding their career path by using purposive sampling method. The results showed that human resources management has positive relate with the corporate entrepreneurship are including the recruitment process, training worker, professional career development and reward system impact to entrepreneur’s knowledge and innovation of corporate entrepreneurship in respectively to bring a very reliable way. Then, the key informant suggested that women’s career experiences predisposed them to find an alternative route for entrepreneurship, despite having achieved top management. The understanding factors that successfully contribute to the development of women entrepreneurs from career development perspective are critical endeavours for any type of organization as well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title="entrepreneurship">entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=firm%20performance" title=" firm performance"> firm performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20resource%20management" title=" human resource management"> human resource management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20efficiency" title=" work efficiency"> work efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39948/the-relationships-between-human-resource-management-and-entrepreneurship-case-study-sme-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9693</span> Performance and Availability Analysis of 2N Redundancy Models</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yutae%20Lee">Yutae Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we consider the performance and availability of a redundancy model. The redundancy model is a form of resilience that ensures service availability in the event of component failure. This paper considers a 2N redundancy model. In the model there are at most one active service unit and at most one standby service unit. The active one is providing the service while the standby is prepared to take over the active role when the active fails. We design our analysis model using Stochastic Reward Nets, and then evaluate the performance and availability of 2N redundancy model using Stochastic Petri Net Package (SPNP). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=availability" title="availability">availability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stochastic%20reward%20net" title=" stochastic reward net"> stochastic reward net</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=2N%20redundancy" title=" 2N redundancy"> 2N redundancy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40741/performance-and-availability-analysis-of-2n-redundancy-models" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40741.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">421</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9692</span> A Strategic Approach in Utilising Limited Resources to Achieve High Organisational Performance</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Collen%20Tebogo%20Masilo">Collen Tebogo Masilo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erik%20Schmikl"> Erik Schmikl</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The demand for the DataMiner product by customers has presented a great challenge for the vendor in Skyline Communications in deploying its limited resources in the form of human resources, financial resources, and office space, to achieve high organisational performance in all its international operations. The rapid growth of the organisation has been unable to efficiently support its existing customers across the globe, and provide services to new customers, due to the limited number of approximately one hundred employees in its employ. The combined descriptive and explanatory case study research methods were selected as research design, making use of a survey questionnaire which was distributed to a sample of 100 respondents. A sample return of 89 respondents was achieved. The sampling method employed was non-probability sampling, using the convenient sampling method. Frequency analysis and correlation between the subscales (the four themes) were used for statistical analysis to interpret the data. The investigation was conducted into mechanisms that can be deployed to balance the high demand for products and the limited production capacity of the company’s Belgian operations across four aspects: demand management strategies, capacity management strategies, communication methods that can be used to align a sales management department, and reward systems in use to improve employee performance. The conclusions derived from the theme ‘demand management strategies’ are that the company is fully aware of the future market demand for its products. However, there seems to be no evidence that there is proper demand forecasting conducted within the organisation. The conclusions derived from the theme 'capacity management strategies' are that employees always have a lot of work to complete during office hours, and, also, employees seem to need help from colleagues with urgent tasks. This indicates that employees often work on unplanned tasks and multiple projects. Conclusions derived from the theme 'communication methods used to align sales management department with operations' are that communication is not good throughout the organisation. This means that information often stays with management, and does not reach non-management employees. This also means that there is a lack of smooth synergy as expected and a lack of good communication between the sales department and the projects office. This has a direct impact on the delivery of projects to customers by the operations department. The conclusions derived from the theme ‘employee reward systems’ are that employees are motivated, and feel that they add value in their current functions. There are currently no measures in place to identify unhappy employees, and there are also no proper reward systems in place which are linked to a performance management system. The research has made a contribution to the body of research by exploring the impact of the four sub-variables and their interaction on the challenges of organisational productivity, in particular where an organisation experiences a capacity problem during its growth stage during tough economic conditions. Recommendations were made which, if implemented by management, could further enhance the organisation’s sustained competitive operations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20demand%20for%20products" title="high demand for products">high demand for products</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20organisational%20performance" title=" high organisational performance"> high organisational performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limited%20production%20capacity" title=" limited production capacity"> limited production capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=limited%20resources" title=" limited resources"> limited resources</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84588/a-strategic-approach-in-utilising-limited-resources-to-achieve-high-organisational-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84588.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9691</span> Green Human Recourse Environment Performance, Circular Performance Environment Reputation and Economics Performance: The Moderating Role of CEO Ethical Leadership</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Umair%20Ahmed">Muhammad Umair Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aftab%20Shoukat"> Aftab Shoukat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today the global economy has become one of the key strategies in dealing with environmental issues. To allow for a round economy, organizations have begun to work to improve their sustainability management. The contribution of green resource management to the transformation of the global economy has not been investigated. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effects of green labor management on the global economy, environmental and economic performance, and the organisation's environmental dignity. We strongly evaluate the different roles of the various processes of green personnel management (i.e., green recruitment, training, and engagement green, as well as green performance management and reward) in organizational operations. We are also investigating the leadership role of CEO Ethical. Our outcome will have a positive impact on the performance of the organization. Green Human Resource Management contributes to the evolution of a roundabout economy without the influence of different external factors such as market demand and commitment. Finally, the results of our research will provide a few aspects for future research, both academic and human. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title="sustainability">sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20human%20resource%20management" title=" green human resource management"> green human resource management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circular%20economy" title=" circular economy"> circular economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20capital" title=" human capital"> human capital</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148161/green-human-recourse-environment-performance-circular-performance-environment-reputation-and-economics-performance-the-moderating-role-of-ceo-ethical-leadership" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148161.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">90</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9690</span> Comparison of Impulsivity Trait in Males and Females: Exploring the Sex Difference in Impulsivity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pinhas%20Dannon">Pinhas Dannon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aviv%20Weinstein"> Aviv Weinstein</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Impulsivity is raising major interest clinically because it is associated with various clinical conditions such as delinquency, antisocial behavior, suicide attempts, aggression, and criminal activity. The evolutionary perspective argued that impulsivity relates to self-regulation and it has predicted that female individuals should have evolved a greater ability to inhibit pre-potent responses. There is supportive evidence showing that female individuals have better performance on cognitive tasks measuring impulsivity such as delay in gratification and delayed discounting mainly in childhood. During adolescence, brain imaging studies using diffusion tensor imaging on white matter architecture indicated contrary to the evolutionary perspective hypothesis, that young adolescent male individuals may be less vulnerable than age-matched female individuals to risk- and reward- related maladaptive behaviors. In adults, the results are mixed presumably owing to hormonal effects on neuro-biological mechanisms of reward. Consequently, female individuals were less impulsive than male individuals only during fertile stages of the menstrual cycle. Finally, there is evidence the serotonin (5-HT) system is more involved in the impulsivity of men than in that of women. Overall, there seem to be sex differences in impulsivity but these differences are more pronounced in childhood and they are later subject to maturational and hormonal changes during adolescence and adulthood and their effects on the brain, cognition, and behavior. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=impulse%20control" title="impulse control">impulse control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=male%20population" title=" male population"> male population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=female%20population" title=" female population"> female population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20differences" title=" gender differences"> gender differences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward" title=" reward"> reward</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurocognitive%20tests" title=" neurocognitive tests"> neurocognitive tests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42488/comparison-of-impulsivity-trait-in-males-and-females-exploring-the-sex-difference-in-impulsivity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42488.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9689</span> High Motivational Salient Face Distractors Slowed Target Detection: Evidence from Behavioral Studies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashmi%20Gupta">Rashmi Gupta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rewarding stimuli capture attention involuntarily as a result of an association process that develops quickly during value learning, referred to as the reward or value-driven attentional capture. It is essential to compare reward with punishment processing to get a full picture of value-based modulation in visual attention processing. Hence, the present study manipulated both valence/value (reward as well as punishment) and motivational salience (probability of an outcome: high vs. low) together. Series of experiments were conducted, and there were two phases in each experiment. In phase 1, participants were required to learn to associate specific face stimuli with a high or low probability of winning or losing points. In the second phase, these conditioned stimuli then served as a distractor or prime in a speeded letter search task. Faces with high versus low outcome probability, regardless of valence, slowed the search for targets (specifically the left visual field target) and suggesting that the costs to performance on non-emotional cognitive tasks were only driven by motivational salience (high vs. loss) associated with the stimuli rather than the valence (gain vs. loss). It also suggests that the processing of motivationally salient stimuli is right-hemisphere biased. Together, results of these studies strengthen the notion that our visual attention system is more sensitive to affected by motivational saliency rather than valence, which termed here as motivational-driven attentional capture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention" title="attention">attention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distractors" title=" distractors"> distractors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivational%20salience" title=" motivational salience"> motivational salience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valence" title=" valence"> valence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100657/high-motivational-salient-face-distractors-slowed-target-detection-evidence-from-behavioral-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100657.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">220</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9688</span> Research on Transverse Ecological Compensation Mechanism in Yangtze River Economic Belt Based on Evolutionary Game Theory</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tingyu%20Zhang">Tingyu Zhang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The cross-basin ecological compensation mechanism is key to stimulating active participation in ecological protection across the entire basin. This study constructs an evolutionary game model of cross-basin ecological compensation in the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB), introducing a central government constraint and incentive mechanism (CGCIM) to explore the conditions for achieving strategies of protection and compensation that meet societal expectations. Furthermore, using a water quality-water quantity model combined with factual data from the YREB in 2020, the amount of ecological compensation is calculated. The results indicate that the stability of the evolutionary game model of the upstream and downstream governments in the YREB is closely related to the CGCIM. When the sum of the central government's reward amount to the upstream government and the penalty amount to both sides simultaneously is greater than 39.948 billion yuan, and the sum of the reward amount to the downstream government and the penalty amount to only the lower reaches is greater than 1.567 billion yuan, or when the sum of the reward amount to the downstream government and the penalty amount to both sides simultaneously is greater than 1.567 billion yuan, and the sum of the reward amount to the upstream government and the penalty amount to only the upstream government is greater than 399.48 billion yuan, the protection and compensation become the only evolutionarily stable strategy for the evolutionary game system composed of the upstream and downstream governments in the YREB. At this point, the total ecological compensation that the downstream government of the YREB should pay to the upstream government is 1.567 billion yuan, with Hunan paying 0.03 billion yuan, Hubei 2.53 billion yuan, Jiangxi 0.18 billion yuan, Anhui 1.68 billion yuan, Zhejiang 0.75 billion yuan, Jiangsu 6.57 billion yuan, and Shanghai 3.93 billion yuan. The research results can provide a reference for promoting the improvement and perfection of the cross-basin ecological compensation system in the YREB. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20compensation" title="ecological compensation">ecological compensation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evolutionary%20game%20model" title=" evolutionary game model"> evolutionary game model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=central%20government%20constraint%20and%20incentive%20mechanism" title=" central government constraint and incentive mechanism"> central government constraint and incentive mechanism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yangtze%20river%20economic%20belt" title=" Yangtze river economic belt"> Yangtze river economic belt</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183109/research-on-transverse-ecological-compensation-mechanism-in-yangtze-river-economic-belt-based-on-evolutionary-game-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183109.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">64</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9687</span> Sibling Relationship of Adults with Intellectual Disability in China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luyin%20Liang">Luyin Liang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Although sibling relationship has been viewed as one of the most important family relationships that significantly impacted on the quality of life of both adults with Intellectual Disability (AWID) and their brothers/sisters, very few research have been done to investigate this relationship in China. This study investigated Chinese siblings of AWID’s relational motivations in sibling relationship and their determining factors. Quantitative research method has been adopted and 284 samples were recruited in this study. Siblings of AWID’s two types of relational motivations, including obligatory motivations and discretionary motivations were examined. Their emotional closeness, senses of responsibility, experiences of ID stigma, and expectancy of self-reward in sibling relationship were measured by validated scales. Personal, and familial-social demographic characteristics were also investigated. Linear correlation test and standard multiple regression analysis were the major statistical methods that have been used to analyze the data. The findings of this study showed that all the measured factors, including siblings of AWID’s emotional closeness, their senses of responsibility, experiences of ID stigma, and self-reward expectations had significant relationships with their both types of motivations. However, when these factors were grouped together to measure each type of these motivations, the prediction results were varied. The order of factors that best predict siblings of AWID’s obligatory motivations was: their senses of responsibility, emotional closeness, experiences of ID stigma, and their expectancy of self-reward, whereas the order of these factors that best determine siblings of AWID’s discretionary motivations was: their self-reward expectations, experiences of ID stigma, senses of responsibility, and emotional closeness. Among different demographic characteristics, AWID’s disability condition, their siblings’ age, gender, marital status, number of children, both siblings’ living arrangements and family financial status were found to have significant impacts on siblings of AWID’s both types of motivations in sibling relationship. The results of this study could enhance social work practitioners’ understandings about the needs and challenges of siblings of AWID. Suggestions on advocacies for policy changes and services improvements for these siblings were discussed in this study. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sibling%20relationship" title="sibling relationship">sibling relationship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20disability" title=" intellectual disability"> intellectual disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adults" title=" adults"> adults</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=China" title=" China"> China</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18257/sibling-relationship-of-adults-with-intellectual-disability-in-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18257.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9686</span> The Effect of Music on Consumer Behavior</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lara%20Ann%20T%C3%BCreli">Lara Ann Türeli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%96zlem%20Bozkurt"> Özlem Bozkurt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is a biochemical component to listening to music. The type of music listened to can lead to different levels of neurotransmitter and biochemical activity within the brain, resulting in brain stimulation and different moods. Therefore, music plays an important role in neuromarketing and consumer behavior. The quality of a commercial can be measured by the effect the music has on its audience. Thus, understanding how music can affect the brain can provide better marketing strategies for all businesses. The type of music used plays an important role in how a person responds to certain experiences. In the context of marketing and consumer behavior, music can determine whether a person will be intrigued to buy something. Depending on the type of music listened to by an individual; the music may trigger the release of pleasurable neurotransmitters such as dopamine. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that plays an important role in reward pathways in the brain. When an individual experiences a pleasurable activity, increased levels of dopamine are produced, eventually leading to the formation of new reward pathways. Consequently, the increased dopamine activity within the brain triggered by music can result in new reward pathways along the dopamine pathways in the brain. Selecting pleasurable music for commercials can result in long-term brain stimulation, increasing consumerism. The effect of music on consumerism should be considered not only in commercials but also in the atmosphere it creates within stores. The type of music played in a store can affect consumer behavior and intention. Specifically, the rhythm, pitch, and pace of music can contribute to the mood of the song. The background music in a store can determine the consumer’s emotional presence and consequently affect their intentions. In conclusion, understanding the physiological, psychological, and neurochemical basis of the effect of music on brain stimulation is essential to understand consumer behavior. The role of dopamine in the formation of reward pathways as a result of music directly contributes to consumer behavior and the tendency of a commercial or store to leave a long-term effect on the consumer. The careful consideration of the pitch, pace, and rhythm of a song in the selection of music can not only help companies predict the behavior of a consumer but also determine the behavior of a consumer. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sensory%20processing" title="sensory processing">sensory processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuropsychology" title=" neuropsychology"> neuropsychology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dopamine" title=" dopamine"> dopamine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuromarketing" title=" neuromarketing"> neuromarketing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161059/the-effect-of-music-on-consumer-behavior" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161059.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">80</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9685</span> How Different Perceived Affordances of Game Elements Shape Motivation and Performance in Gamified Learning: A Cognitive Evaluation Theory Perspective</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kibbeum%20Na">Kibbeum Na</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Previous gamification research has produced mixed results regarding the effectiveness of gamified learning. One possible explanation for this is that individuals perceive the game elements differently. Cognitive Evaluation Theory posits that external rewards can boost or undermine intrinsic motivation, depending on whether the rewards are perceived as informational or controlling. This research tested the hypothesis that game elements can be perceived as either informational feedback or external reward, and the motivational impact differ accordingly. An experiment was conducted using an educational math puzzle to compare the motivation and performance as a result of different perceived affordances game elements. Participants were primed to perceive the game elements as either informational feedback or external reward, and the duration of an attempt to solve the unsolvable puzzle – amotivation indicator – and the puzzle score – a performance indicator–were measured with the game elements incorporated and then without the game elements. Badges and points were deployed as the main game elements. Results showed that, regardless of priming, a significant decrease in performance occurred when the game elements were removed, whereas the control group who solved non-gamified math puzzles maintained their performance. The undermined performance with gamification removal indicates that learners may perceive some game elements as controlling factors irrespective of the way they are presented. The results of the current study also imply that some game elements are better not being implemented to preserve long-term performance. Further research delving into the extrinsic reward-like nature of game elements and its impact on learning motivation is called for. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20Evaluation%20Theory" title="cognitive Evaluation Theory">cognitive Evaluation Theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=game%20elements" title=" game elements"> game elements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gamification" title=" gamification"> gamification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivation" title=" motivation"> motivation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=motivational%20affordance" title=" motivational affordance"> motivational affordance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151516/how-different-perceived-affordances-of-game-elements-shape-motivation-and-performance-in-gamified-learning-a-cognitive-evaluation-theory-perspective" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151516.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">106</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9684</span> Primary and Secondary Psychopathic Traits: Assessing Differences in Interpersonal Relationships through Friendship, Emotional Contagion, and Social Rewards</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silene%20Ten%20Seldam">Silene Ten Seldam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiara%20Margarita%20Lu"> Kiara Margarita Lu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melina%20Nicole%20Kyranides"> Melina Nicole Kyranides</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Psychopathic traits are marked by a lack of empathy and an inability to maintain meaningful relationships. Yet little research has investigated differences in interpersonal relationships between primary and secondary psychopathic traits. Emotional contagion, the tendency to automatically mimic others’ facial expressions and movements, is a type of empathy contributing to relationship quality. Additionally, the motivating and pleasurable aspects of social interaction, social reward is integral to understanding relationships. Therefore, the current research investigated interpersonal relationships through relationship status, the quality of friendships, the susceptibility to positive (happiness, love) and negative (sadness, fear, anger) emotional contagion, and social reward. Recruited online, 389 participants between 18 and 76 years old (M = 33.61; of which 241 were female) completed self-report questionnaires assessing primary and secondary psychopathic traits, friendship, emotional contagion, and social rewards. Hierarchical multiple regression showed relationship status as a protective factor and that individuals with secondary psychopathic traits are less likely to be in a relationship. This study is the first to investigate emotional contagion with primary and secondary psychopathic traits. Emotional contagion for sadness predicted secondary psychopathic traits. Negative social potency (enjoying being cruel and antagonistic to others) predicted both primary and secondary traits. However, admiration and prosocial interactions only predicted primary psychopathic traits. Findings infer differences in maintaining relationships, regulating emotions, empathising with others through emotional contagion, and motivation to socially engage, perhaps due to each dimensions’distinct origins and manifestations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20psychopathic%20traits" title="primary psychopathic traits">primary psychopathic traits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20psychopathic%20traits" title=" secondary psychopathic traits"> secondary psychopathic traits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interpersonal%20relationships" title=" interpersonal relationships"> interpersonal relationships</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friendship" title=" friendship"> friendship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20contagion" title=" emotional contagion"> emotional contagion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20reward" title=" social reward"> social reward</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149434/primary-and-secondary-psychopathic-traits-assessing-differences-in-interpersonal-relationships-through-friendship-emotional-contagion-and-social-rewards" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149434.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9683</span> Career Path: A Tool to Support Talent Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rashi%20Mahato">Rashi Mahato</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Talent management represents an organization’s effort to attract, develop and retain highly skilled and valuable employees. The goal is to have people with capabilities and commitment needed for current and future organizational success. The organizational talent pool is its managerial talent referred to as leadership pipeline. It is managed through various systems and processes to help the organization source, reward, evaluate, develop and move employees into various functions and roles. The pipeline bends, turns, and sometimes breaks as organizations identify who is 'ready now' and who is 'on track' for larger leadership roles. From this perspective, talent management designs structured approach and a robust mechanism for high potential employees to meet organization’s needs. The paper attempts to provide a roadmap and a structured approach towards building a high performing organization through well-defined career path. Managers want career paths to be defined, so that an adequate number of individuals may be identified and prepared to fill future vacancies. Once career progression patterns are identified, more systematic forecasting of talent requirements is possible. For the development of senior management talent or leadership team, career paths are needed as guidelines for talent management across functional and organizational lines. Career path is one of the important tools for talent management and aligning talent with business strategy. This paper briefly describes the approach for career path and the concept of <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=career%20path" title="career path">career path</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=career%20path%20framework" title=" career path framework"> career path framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lateral%20movement" title=" lateral movement"> lateral movement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=talent%20management" title=" talent management"> talent management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56663/career-path-a-tool-to-support-talent-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9682</span> Cognitive Dysfunctioning and the Fronto-Limbic Network in Bipolar Disorder Patients: A Fmri Meta-Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rahele%20Mesbah">Rahele Mesbah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nic%20Van%20Der%20Wee"> Nic Van Der Wee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manja%20Koenders"> Manja Koenders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erik%20Giltay"> Erik Giltay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Albert%20Van%20Hemert"> Albert Van Hemert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Max%20De%20Leeuw"> Max De Leeuw</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Patients with bipolar disorder (BD), characterized by depressive and manic episodes, often suffer from cognitive dysfunction. An up-to-date meta-analysis of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies examining cognitive function in BD is lacking. Objective: The aim of the current fMRI meta-analysis is to investigate brain functioning of bipolar patients compared with healthy subjects within three domains of emotion processing, reward processing, and working memory. Method: Differences in brain regions activation were tested within whole-brain analysis using the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) method. Separate analyses were performed for each cognitive domain. Results: A total of 50 fMRI studies were included: 20 studies used an emotion processing (316 BD and 369 HC) task, 9 studies a reward processing task (215 BD and 213 HC), and 21 studies used a working memory task (503 BD and 445 HC). During emotion processing, BD patients hyperactivated parts of the left amygdala and hippocampus as compared to HC’s, but showed hypoactivation in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG). Regarding reward processing, BD patients showed hyperactivation in part of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC). During working memory, BD patients showed increased activity in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Conclusions: This meta-analysis revealed evidence for activity disturbances in several brain areas involved in the cognitive functioning of BD patients. Furthermore, most of the found regions are part of the so-called fronto-limbic network which is hypothesized to be affected as a result of BD candidate genes' expression. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20functioning" title="cognitive functioning">cognitive functioning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fMRI%20analysis" title=" fMRI analysis"> fMRI analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bipolar%20disorder" title=" bipolar disorder"> bipolar disorder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fronto-limbic%20network" title=" fronto-limbic network"> fronto-limbic network</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136510/cognitive-dysfunctioning-and-the-fronto-limbic-network-in-bipolar-disorder-patients-a-fmri-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">462</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9681</span> Government Policy over the Remuneration System of The Board of Commissioners in Indonesian Stated-Owned Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Synthia%20Atas%20Sari">Synthia Atas Sari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of reward system which determine by government over the work of Board of Commissioners to implement good corporate governance in Indonesian state-owned enterprises. To do so, this study analyzes the adequacy of the remuneration, the job attractiveness, and the board commitment and dedication with the remuneration system. Qualitative method used to examine the significant features and challenges to the government policy over the remuneration determination for the board of commissioners to their roles. Data gathered through semi-structure in-depth interview to the twenty-one participants over nine Indonesian stated-owned enterprises and written documents. Findings of this study indicate that government policies over the remuneration system is not effective to increase the performance of board of commissioners in implementing good corporate governance in Indonesian stated-owned enterprises due to unattractiveness of the remuneration amount, demotivate active members, and conflict interest over members of the remuneration committee. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20system" title="reward system">reward system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=board%20of%20commissioners" title=" board of commissioners"> board of commissioners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stated-owned%20enterprises" title=" stated-owned enterprises"> stated-owned enterprises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=government%20policy" title=" government policy"> government policy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1998/government-policy-over-the-remuneration-system-of-the-board-of-commissioners-in-indonesian-stated-owned-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1998.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9680</span> A Model of Knowledge Management Culture Change </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reza%20Davoodi">Reza Davoodi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Abbasi"> Hamid Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heidar%20Norouzi"> Heidar Norouzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gholamabbas%20Alipourian"> Gholamabbas Alipourian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A dynamic model shaping a process of knowledge management (KM) culture change is suggested. It is aimed at providing effective KM of employees for obtaining desired results in an organization. The essential requirements for obtaining KM culture change are determined. The proposed model realizes these requirements. Dynamics of the model are expressed by a change of its parameters. It is adjusted to the dynamic process of KM culture change. Building the model includes elaboration and integration of interconnected components. The “Result” is a central component of the model. This component determines a desired organizational goal and possible directions of its attainment. The “Confront” component engenders constructive confrontation in an organization. For this reason, the employees are prompted toward KM culture change with the purpose of attaining the desired result. The “Assess” component realizes complex assessments of employee proposals by management and peers. The proposals are directed towards attaining the desired result in an organization. The “Reward” component sets the order of assigning rewards to employees based on the assessments of their proposals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20management" title="knowledge management">knowledge management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20culture%20change" title=" organizational culture change"> organizational culture change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee" title=" employee"> employee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=result" title=" result"> result</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1502/a-model-of-knowledge-management-culture-change" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1502.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">407</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9679</span> The Impact of Effective Employee Retention Strategies to the Success of the Hotel Industry of Rwanda</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ange%20Meghane%20Hakizimana">Ange Meghane Hakizimana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Landry%20Ndikuriyo"> Landry Ndikuriyo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Retention of employees in the hospitality industry is a recurrent agenda in the organization involving all the combined efforts to maintain the best available laborer. The general objective of this research is to assess the impact of effective employee retention strategies on the success of the hotel industry at Galileo Hotel, Huye District in Rwanda, for the period of 2019-2021. Herzberg Two Factor Theory and Equity Theory were used. The study adopted a descriptive research design. Descriptive research design allowed us to study the elements in their natural form without making any alterations to them. Secondary data and primary data and the data collected were sorted and entered into the statistical packages for social sciences for analysis (SPSS) version 26. Frequencies, descriptive statistics and percentages were used to analyze and establish extent to which employee retention strategies impact the success of the hotel industry of Rwanda and this was analyzed using regression and correlation analysis. The results revealed that employee training and development had an influence of 24.8% on the success of the hotel industry in Rwanda. According to the results of our study, the employee reward system contributes 20.7% to the success of the hotel industry in Rwanda, the value of t is 3.475 and this is greater than the standard t value score of 1.96, p-value is 0.002. Therefore the employee reward system has a great positive impact on the success of the hotel industry in Rwanda. The results also show that 15.7% of the success of the hospitality industry in Rwanda is due to the work environment of employees. With a t-value of 4.384 and a p-value of 0.000, the above statistics show a positive impact of the employees' working environment on success of the hospitality industry in Rwanda. A priority to the retention of their employees should be given by the hotel industry and its managers because it has already been proven that it is an effective approach to offering good customer service. In addition, employee retention reduces expenses associated with employee recruitment and turnover. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=success" title="success">success</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hotel%20industry" title=" hotel industry"> hotel industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training%20and%20development" title=" training and development"> training and development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20reward%20system" title=" employee reward system"> employee reward system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employee%20work%20environment" title=" employee work environment"> employee work environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165527/the-impact-of-effective-employee-retention-strategies-to-the-success-of-the-hotel-industry-of-rwanda" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165527.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=323">323</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=324">324</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reward%20management&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>