CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '9134ea93d861f8d0',cH: 'K2rkPM0aNH853v_YyP0LhMSgLQ4o5HZnFD8HAy.oOuI-1739786279-1.2.1.1-0klOrY2SsIQDseFtGS4TKVS6uO09UT5whQpU3Pr0Uw.mqe_HWRV7ZY3Gpu0.Zfo2',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=selfie%2Fanti-selfie&__cf_chl_tk=AAJWShC3zESrvu59xfhQ3wtsmkhN5nxiEW6D1U2VDTQ-1739786279-1.0.1.1-opxql8QES0pxULrrlWzQ1BrV2P9w2iQZlXY0A..SnGA",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739786279',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=selfie%2Fanti-selfie&__cf_chl_f_tk=AAJWShC3zESrvu59xfhQ3wtsmkhN5nxiEW6D1U2VDTQ-1739786279-1.0.1.1-opxql8QES0pxULrrlWzQ1BrV2P9w2iQZlXY0A..SnGA",md: "nD4GgkXnAcVrvJZRADRnVj.ox1typOxqGs_tdcfV01Y-1739786279-1.2.1.1-2GgA7V.RMYMuIN2dB2Gne_0fI_xTV7SHda9XlHiMWXwTBCXwlTURQ1h3G_.5pqlFJPkJED83H_DlfdF.lRP5g0k.A3aZic.2ykG6yS7fJVh_fT4uPACZO2fHfdaCOhLIZEPmD6H2Al1yNMwMTvHsM.jgrpz48eJLp4qbscBf2JOBBoJeOfqhjo9ahzT3BiX1QwVg8ExPx5wMgyKF57s5_4o8MmO62Zcvy4iZhERBXPiNn67jAfjjWLS9zAgPx3Yzl2wxn_wy.MvfTOr3URLyXmSTvvWsDIiDs.oNx54qtnf87cG1lAxh1_.WcBwxwVbGs8QZ3gM9A.fOBtKBpuRPOwlbcouTUuTObJdj6fS1BJYWAiEX2jobE3z3_.pG9U8Z0tMpZ5xXGvfsCr.IFt2EB.6RIG7NXeicb8dDuqaDq04YR2KgArtq.u_7p1.MhnxsvGgNCDtjAhyq7g3_AKQmlVUzO7bYkgKiBjohh5C9h7hBNGIGDuB5gZlPMGHHkYo9cJ3eQdRwyhBnfWJYhWUPwBA0cScmi3YjGHokImfoVflu9PSwP4oaLYH6Gqep8j5p5QuYITQfzk9Nv3Yoy_ongAjOu5TqswJXqZnZTaiAy.spJd5mSEiFIIyAQg6QygzkIIjLTuo54V9GBzJ_dfHK4rVB93pIiMbUhdU8nXWPGDqqVBO6gD4vVRbdgGRJ.HnxZGY9gog2tfOskg.S2AXRp9ZGJgmuyzBWoriZt7NyM7kcLGxQYPhTKWkbIPT6KeeTP1eC42HPO1BOVLeNx2wOPOh0TzIHJKScmvPEvMrBcvveas5xRnVQ0.Lb8Rqe2qItef3eedf2PzYocwORgFPhWoNejhC0sDTtKLcTfCwWiZD9iMfVORSxHhz0Z3U86nczdTbLHdLq.SNfP1xTOma5LFOqDbqRH0lKmaqtJMAOm5gHgTSu2VKpBRtrv7nyCKSkpMXAT8Bn2S.hSkxmdOYoY0z_ded_A3MXLiCn0z92O_waL16PKRWTdx3KSyyfSD0I0hbaG9CXmhTor1npD4ZfoG9R2jHEkJVsjxW4cQJw3BoVyb9yxvxTEgi.RIkyho4HEYcN8lbtP_sUSjIJIuryK4S4wOxPKIDdcalmFT7cwG6Rd2WfT7GQgpafOuLH2wkUqcx5QLM0Rhbtui8Df0VqKcHeGHUHrjGrYvcG8gqYp4izwUjr_eZDABpcNEznw42cE5xbsiISgA1IEUcf6PoB9pJEJwAs2hdaOhrVHELkrHxrpRiOVf6f2D8sSxY43qqHkIUr2E1VnZ9w0tllTfmIQk19b7kvta7ERkqvI1Lv0nnshIbcd_CXDewHaWOzaruUrJUVnEeGItRGg6TgT3_0GebjEqvVyGanj2BeA3AvDoZ3JFfHAj5gAxi22ugoJhIy8LsuM.gm0onc9Cv8lMiZxmx7MdYoDpH18f6L2IYpkCqaFbD5pwTEuhv8OU8ABZSzksfCNYHTeer7pcKCRkoDRuJyWEDrLkEBMUlPJbjJd5QphZjL.759GLJOeSzTd0KlulFzStgn6_tg_mo_UpO9Vpk_advxC9a34pguWGynqk6a4lg7DyUz2y7YXzNkEQE2aKX_CNb77XavkGgu0s5LcfVpuyPU7Z4NHm2ugBaKYfkkuAdRcK0kHXc5W7bDj1_mIMW3669oPGkcckUqmft5Ex6Z8qPOlv4WpGJfbdy5raVIK0TIU6Zz1mtToiQJrO65iC8eG2mJ0LXPvx.HofjA5aIvPWyEtsi3ZChO5S6WFqEOra563RCsOodghK03mZPyVEsos0CtPv0oWgBy_tlF0HtZHS9aF2JQcAYg6VXhRMXKagSunLkSqS3IPqjZVFTEjLfDpQyO45UVrng9afZWsdxiTmuO_AVVExX.RKEns4knTr4u9HIvwdnCTirLNEURWq7PHIlmRb6Igil2AU6D6QSv15NK7YPeVTvZ8bQPdUg",mdrd: "xhrHgqj6onu_9GgQ0hc_H.liQiy_OJYFdagJSSf_twM-1739786279-1.2.1.1-Uo6wNrnKPYQFyG9S92_DuEu2yscfSMeCKyHa4lPx7UA3ADZ0JI3S3ARXVDRIO24MHzG5epEf4xtoNPGoAaHnMsIGoGpoC8LYoRgQMITTbNnxpPm6MOoYLfqRKsshtcKr8ofnoL5tNQr7K4joF.h81ohlCU9fgCsVIJxkoN3n5W8Y0Daw4UTHjpFd5_IEZpwRABiyAbTz5C03mDeWSqMfbOn_PtGfI3uI.Q4zo3DwNmPoFmq8maul.3h.mpXMLwk.Lpu8aF00q6b82HCIYxbWRZVaAqH7nfIxRf.seqOpgJvVwtclDbi0Zpkzu_lW3rqXO1A6W2RYFLgooC4whJRbJKJhSuOu4BfDNsetr6aI3KgbUGSXbd0h39mYqz17rrnJ37Hw_jMEhckZr2hzDeppRgI.0HvAKO9rZknAyKSTp38APB8XI6vJHoXXx7DCQMrANROj1AZNBXMx5GdzDvPptH22q6xx5FpMv9tru.jGWSp6l0zGpqcvDYBmdwpnNWgQ3_m1ZB6bF3Jfjn_m7adT3K9c2NZiEMyUscRkz40M3OuLeeGGtjxM9qA0xBTKgwKhjXIlv9ay4wwm4nNQooYUTJisX0coHchWiiz3pWgutaQVduXqn.OBqz2Tp6llY13TUIdrG5c8EaQWTAu2d8LyiVDAucIFj64UkklwJb318Q_HlxM_CT1TV18Ul9FS9duVxuF1UkVwU5wW_6vf_pdB.02ybLa67aQt01AUtpfT7uT5OKqFLM3PetApmrmtaJMH4xAegONBIdvF3GlxCtTJcM5icH7KQr7nt96D27VxyExzC_RamL1zB0ZRK3pSxY3HQqtmJvkPKHaCcLt.w.hemp3dzTUmPaWrTD55shaOSnkr1Id9RGwTd0ec8mOFHBTJ7NybhBo0MqXcHl2cf8ei4rYReCTZssXvZ7u4ceq.l35_8h5oHEDR9xxXwV5UkilwOEhNcQptVg1DLvVf_zinFD2G82EaAKKG1Mlp2q2rasHBebmRQqBk2S6brchCx1nFqo4j1a10_PKf_3OpJNx3XewY12ZBHNzDsJeoEUkr5IwmX3vUgqigpFX26qVBxop3rt_kNNeoKxL7EKMQmhmsFuH6lh4lqfgJBhtt_vJxKaDW5bEcSVJjOlQwDe0WPY4IVP.mso9psIVSeseVJXTwVwhPrEOXuTZ2N833FPiF6Cl7q1WhqwlvqzfMgV1vUq73Yvn6HHa3q7LNsxpyEF3NCMzGNFysgrFqvZCKylnoD.RK2RpV7xDC5rjHLxP6bwXRxtHjVjscC6ePXMPDY.i7ftaSPzdy9SRypVqU9O4SiWIpBe0mwcVDAW1V1QanKQlhjZymx2Xot5d0CkkMaDTftS8r20nmGEsd4kJnL1vf_hTqv23twMHND7lWvA7XNhnQTbuTicugAc944cGiDkHZJd08BTQeROqTrBlHN5MylfXg81g7CajbRVVUtYRJVl2IFHR4uOh.KmK91FeA_GPFioP8q6ccyqZ.9TH2JXI8hK3hB_M08TWJP5m6vxwi8D3xfL1iaR__yQW6qXQ.ChgZ8OTJasKgCTUhy.QO_KXXvA4PZowdAAlTxtjIyhj83YDCXV2lG1yVLYmYaw8SvoNKdAtpNPSyWzsgXmVbJoTCzHqYVmKzAQMBKDMK8F5UCqpzjKZhnOImMaSY4Npd4nTApIfH2S17yBKgDmeZElfeO8m7x8hiMEKgbdNHoNi3fQBKjy7dMN3dKiGYKw4bvX_v.Dbtob5oB8xS6ZuFZtpyHyFhCX523NgW0IlU9WLYljYZlgoTgNLssWfwKMeUIcYLZ36z9iKiq2XiwrS74cYTvpVEQEsKj02Fhoi2.HbF2WD36eG4904sr_PZpnDX_hzqThGnzLI5G9.TWnoqo1I__.FNoZSr_8HQqX0th89w69EKRfYQWRNVoYgtuM9gBKCspc87jupyDw2U3K.V_i_29d5t6DUOIB7.2.rAjbuOywvKSEGXp7EpF7rA70oIoPRwsQ"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=9134ea93d861f8d0';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=selfie%2Fanti-selfie&__cf_chl_rt_tk=AAJWShC3zESrvu59xfhQ3wtsmkhN5nxiEW6D1U2VDTQ-1739786279-1.0.1.1-opxql8QES0pxULrrlWzQ1BrV2P9w2iQZlXY0A..SnGA" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>