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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Canadian politician (1925–2005)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="honorific-prefix" style="font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/The_Honourable" title="The Honourable">The Honourable</a></div><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Louis Robichaud</div><div class="honorific-suffix" style="font-weight: normal;"><span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="King's Privy Council for Canada">PC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">CC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_New_Brunswick" title="Order of New Brunswick">ONB</a></span> <span style="font-size: 100%;"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">QC</a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Louis_Robichaud.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/60/Louis_Robichaud.png" decoding="async" width="218" height="322" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="322" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Robichaud in 1960</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">25th <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_New_Brunswick" title="Premier of New Brunswick">Premier of New Brunswick</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />July 12, 1960 – November 11, 1970</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Monarch</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_II" title="Elizabeth II">Elizabeth II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Lieutenant Governor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Leonard_O%27Brien" title="Joseph Leonard O'Brien">Joseph Leonard O'Brien</a><br /><a href="/wiki/John_B._McNair" title="John B. McNair">John B. McNair</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Wallace_Samuel_Bird" title="Wallace Samuel Bird">Wallace Samuel Bird</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_John_Flemming" title="Hugh John Flemming">Hugh John Flemming</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Hatfield" title="Richard Hatfield">Richard Hatfield</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_New_Brunswick" title="Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick">Member of the Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />September 22, 1952 – April 30, 1971<div style="line-height:normal; padding-top:0.2em; padding-bottom:0.1em">Serving with <a href="/wiki/Isaie_Melanson" title="Isaie Melanson">Isaie Melanson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hugh_A._Dysart" title="Hugh A. Dysart">Hugh A. Dysart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_F._Richard" title="André F. Richard">André F. Richard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Camille_Bordage" title="Camille Bordage">Camille Bordage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alan_R._Graham" title="Alan R. Graham">Alan R. Graham</a></div></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/J._Killeen_McKee" title="J. Killeen McKee">J. Killeen McKee</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Omer_L%C3%A9ger" title="Omer Léger">Omer Léger</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Constituency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Kent_(1827-1974_electoral_district)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kent (1827-1974 electoral district)">Kent</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senator</a> for <a href="/wiki/Saint-Louis-de-Kent" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint-Louis-de-Kent">Saint-Louis-de-Kent</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />December 21, 1973 – October 21, 2000</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Appointed by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Trudeau" title="Pierre Trudeau">Pierre Trudeau</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Louis Joseph Robichaud</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1925-10-21</span>)</span>October 21, 1925<br /><a href="/wiki/Saint-Antoine,_New_Brunswick" title="Saint-Antoine, New Brunswick">Saint-Antoine, New Brunswick</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">January 6, 2005<span style="display:none">(2005-01-06)</span> (aged 79)<br /><a href="/wiki/Sainte-Anne-de-Kent,_New_Brunswick" title="Sainte-Anne-de-Kent, New Brunswick">Sainte-Anne-de-Kent, New Brunswick</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick_Liberal_Association" title="New Brunswick Liberal Association">Liberal</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouses</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Lorraine Robichaud</li><li>Jacqueline Robichaud</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Louis Joseph Robichaud</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Privy_Council_for_Canada" title="King's Privy Council for Canada">PC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">CC</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Order_of_New_Brunswick" title="Order of New Brunswick">ONB</a></span> <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Queen%27s_Counsel" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen's Counsel">QC</a></span></span> (October 21, 1925 – January 6, 2005), popularly known as "Little Louis" or "P'tit-Louis", was the second<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (but first elected) <a href="/wiki/Acadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Acadian">Acadian</a> <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_New_Brunswick" title="Premier of New Brunswick">premier of New Brunswick</a>, serving from 1960 to 1970. </p><p>With the <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick_Equal_Opportunity_program" title="New Brunswick Equal Opportunity program">Equal Opportunity program</a>, the language rights act of 1969 establishing New Brunswick as an <a href="/wiki/Official_bilingualism_in_Canada" title="Official bilingualism in Canada">officially bilingual province</a>, and for his role in the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Moncton" title="Université de Moncton">Université de Moncton</a>, Robichaud is credited with ushering in major social reform in New Brunswick. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Robichaud&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Louis Joseph Robichaud was born on October 21, 1925,<sup id="cite_ref-Stanley-1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stanley-1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in a two-storey house in <a href="/wiki/Saint-Antoine,_New_Brunswick" title="Saint-Antoine, New Brunswick">Saint-Antoine</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick" title="New Brunswick">New Brunswick</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_achievements">Life and achievements</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Robichaud&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Life and achievements"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Memorial_to_Louis_J._Robichaud.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Memorial_to_Louis_J._Robichaud.jpg/220px-Memorial_to_Louis_J._Robichaud.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Memorial_to_Louis_J._Robichaud.jpg/330px-Memorial_to_Louis_J._Robichaud.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Memorial_to_Louis_J._Robichaud.jpg/440px-Memorial_to_Louis_J._Robichaud.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2272" data-file-height="1704" /></a><figcaption>Memorial to Robichaud in his birthplace, Saint-Antoine (now Champdoré), New Brunswick</figcaption></figure> <p>At the age of 14, Robichaud left home to enter the Juvénat Saint-Jean-Eudes in <a href="/wiki/Bathurst,_New_Brunswick" title="Bathurst, New Brunswick">Bathurst</a> to study for a career in the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Church</a>. After his third year at the school, he decided instead to pursue a political career. He attended the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Coll%C3%A8ge_du_Sacr%C3%A9-Coeur_(New_Brunswick)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Collège du Sacré-Coeur (New Brunswick) (page does not exist)">Collège du Sacré-Coeur</a> (now part of the <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Moncton" title="Université de Moncton">Université de Moncton</a>) and graduated in 1947 with a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">Bachelor of Arts</a> degree. He then went on to study economics and political science at <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Laval" title="Université Laval">Université Laval</a>. He articled with a <a href="/wiki/Law_firm" title="Law firm">law firm</a> in Bathurst for three years and, upon being admitted to the <a href="/wiki/Bar_(law)" title="Bar (law)">bar</a>, practised law for a short period of time in <a href="/wiki/Richibucto" title="Richibucto">Richibucto</a>. </p><p>He was elected to the <a href="/wiki/Legislative_Assembly_of_New_Brunswick" title="Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick">Legislative Assembly of New Brunswick</a> in 1952 as the youngest ever Acadian member of the assembly to that date.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He became provincial <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick_Liberal_Association" title="New Brunswick Liberal Association">Liberal</a> leader in 1958 and led his party to victory in <a href="/wiki/1960_New_Brunswick_general_election" title="1960 New Brunswick general election">1960</a>, <a href="/wiki/1963_New_Brunswick_general_election" title="1963 New Brunswick general election">1963</a> and <a href="/wiki/1967_New_Brunswick_general_election" title="1967 New Brunswick general election">1967</a> before being defeated by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Hatfield" title="Richard Hatfield">Richard Hatfield</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_New_Brunswick" title="Progressive Conservative Party of New Brunswick">Conservatives</a> in the <a href="/wiki/1970_New_Brunswick_general_election" title="1970 New Brunswick general election">1970 election</a>. </p><p>Robichaud was the first <a href="/wiki/Acadian" class="mw-redirect" title="Acadian">Acadian</a> <a href="/wiki/Premier_of_New_Brunswick" title="Premier of New Brunswick">Premier of New Brunswick</a> since <a href="/wiki/Peter_Veniot" title="Peter Veniot">Peter J. Veniot</a> and the first to win an election. He modernized the province's hospitals and <a href="/wiki/State_school" title="State school">public schools</a> and introduced a wide range of <a href="/wiki/Social_reform" class="mw-redirect" title="Social reform">social reforms</a>. The Liberals also passed the <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick_Official_Languages_Act_(1969)" class="mw-redirect" title="New Brunswick Official Languages Act (1969)">New Brunswick Official Languages Act (1969)</a> making New Brunswick officially bilingual. "Language rights", he said when he introduced the legislation, "are more than legal rights. They are precious cultural rights, going deep into the revered past and touching the historic traditions of all our people."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Robichaud also restructured the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Municipal_tax&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Municipal tax (page does not exist)">municipal tax</a> regime, ending the ability of business to play one municipality against another in order to extract the lowest tax rates. He introduced in 1963 the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Municipal_Capital_Borrowing_Act&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Municipal Capital Borrowing Act (page does not exist)">Municipal Capital Borrowing Act</a> and Board,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which is designed to act as a brake for spendthrift municipalities.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also expanded the government and sought to ensure that the quality of health care, education and social services was the same across the province—a programme he called <a href="/wiki/New_Brunswick_Equal_Opportunity_program" title="New Brunswick Equal Opportunity program">Equal Opportunity</a>, which is still a political <a href="/wiki/Buzzword" title="Buzzword">buzz phrase</a> in New Brunswick. "When I first realized that there was absolutely no equal opportunity, no equality, in New Brunswick," he recalled in the 1980s, "well, I had to come to the conclusion that something had to be done immediately." </p><p>A desk made for Robichaud by the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saint_John_Shipbuilding_and_Dry_Dock_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saint John Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company (page does not exist)">Saint John Shipbuilding and Dry Dock Company</a> and given to him in 1966, which he used during his last years as premier and which was used by his successor Richard Hatfield was returned to the Premier's Office by <a href="/wiki/Shawn_Graham" title="Shawn Graham">Shawn Graham</a> in 2006.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He was instrumental in the creation of the <a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Moncton" title="Université de Moncton">Université de Moncton</a> in 1963, while in 1969, a high school was named in his honour in <a href="/wiki/Shediac" title="Shediac">Shediac</a>, New Brunswick. </p><p>In 1971, upon resigning from the legislature, he was made a Companion of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Canada" title="Order of Canada">Order of Canada</a> and Canadian chairman of the <a href="/wiki/International_Joint_Commission" title="International Joint Commission">International Joint Commission</a>, a post he held until being called to the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Canada" title="Senate of Canada">Senate of Canada</a> on December 21, 1973. He sat in the Senate until his mandatory retirement from the <a href="/wiki/Upper_house" title="Upper house">upper house</a> on October 21, 2000 upon reaching his seventy-fifth birthday. </p><p>He was a resident of New Brunswick at the time of his death from <a href="/wiki/Cancer" title="Cancer">cancer</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Stella-Maris-De-Kent_Hospital" title="Stella-Maris-De-Kent Hospital">Stella-Maris-De-Kent Hospital</a> in <a href="/wiki/Sainte-Anne-de-Kent,_New_Brunswick" title="Sainte-Anne-de-Kent, New Brunswick">Sainte-Anne-de-Kent</a>, near his birthplace of <a href="/wiki/Saint-Antoine,_New_Brunswick" title="Saint-Antoine, New Brunswick">Saint-Antoine, New Brunswick</a>. The cancer had been discovered only a few weeks before his death. He died on January 6, 2005.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Robichaud&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.clo-ocol.gc.ca/en/timeline-event/pierre-veniot-becomes-premier-of-new-brunswick">"Pierre Veniot becomes Premier of New Brunswick"</a>. <i>www.clo-ocol.gc.ca</i>. 2016-12-09<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-03-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.clo-ocol.gc.ca&rft.atitle=Pierre+Veniot+becomes+Premier+of+New+Brunswick&rft.date=2016-12-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.clo-ocol.gc.ca%2Fen%2Ftimeline-event%2Fpierre-veniot-becomes-premier-of-new-brunswick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stanley-1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Stanley-1_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanley" class="citation web cs1">Stanley, Della M.M. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/louis-joseph-robichaud">"Louis Joseph Robichaud"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Canadian_Encyclopedia" title="The Canadian Encyclopedia">The Canadian Encyclopedia</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Canadian+Encyclopedia&rft.atitle=Louis+Joseph+Robichaud&rft.aulast=Stanley&rft.aufirst=Della+M.M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Flouis-joseph-robichaud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.historicplaces.ca/en/rep-reg/place-lieu.aspx?id=7291">"Birthplace of Louis J. Robichaud"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="Canadian Register of Historic Places">Canadian Register of Historic Places</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 4,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Canadian+Register+of+Historic+Places&rft.atitle=Birthplace+of+Louis+J.+Robichaud&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.historicplaces.ca%2Fen%2Frep-reg%2Fplace-lieu.aspx%3Fid%3D7291&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilbur1989" class="citation book cs1">Wilbur, Richard (1989). <i>The rise of French New Brunswick</i>. Halifax: Formac. p. 181. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88780-070-X" title="Special:BookSources/0-88780-070-X"><bdi>0-88780-070-X</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+rise+of+French+New+Brunswick&rft.place=Halifax&rft.pages=181&rft.pub=Formac&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=0-88780-070-X&rft.aulast=Wilbur&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/louis-j-robichaud-79/article1112692/">"Louis J. Robichaud, 79"</a>. <i>The Globe and Mail</i>. January 6, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=Louis+J.+Robichaud%2C+79&rft.date=2005-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Fnews%2Fnational%2Flouis-j-robichaud-79%2Farticle1112692%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://laws.gnb.ca/en/showfulldoc/cs/M-20//20160121">laws.gnb.ca: "Municipal Capital Borrowing Act"</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">1963 (2nd Sess.), c.8, s.1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMary_Moszynski2006" class="citation news cs1">Mary Moszynski (October 11, 2006). "LJR's desk returns to premier's office: New N.B. premier Shawn Graham moves historic piece of furniture back to "its rightful place"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i><a href="/wiki/Times_%26_Transcript" title="Times & Transcript">Times & Transcript</a></i>. p. A1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+%26+Transcript&rft.atitle=LJR%27s+desk+returns+to+premier%27s+office%3A+New+N.B.+premier+Shawn+Graham+moves+historic+piece+of+furniture+back+to+%22its+rightful+place%22&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=2006-10-11&rft.au=Mary+Moszynski&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/new-brunswick/louis-robichaud-dead-at-79-1.523107">"Louis Robichaud dead at 79"</a>. CBC News. January 7, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 18,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Louis+Robichaud+dead+at+79&rft.pub=CBC+News&rft.date=2005-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fnew-brunswick%2Flouis-robichaud-dead-at-79-1.523107&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Robichaud&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBelliveau1980" class="citation book cs1">Belliveau, John Edward (1980). <i>Little Louis and the giant KC</i>. Lancelot Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Little+Louis+and+the+giant+KC&rft.pub=Lancelot+Press&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Belliveau&rft.aufirst=John+Edward&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCormier2004" class="citation book cs1">Cormier, Michel (2004). <i>Louis J. Robichaud - une révolution si peu tranquille</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Louis+J.+Robichaud+-+une+r%C3%A9volution+si+peu+tranquille&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Cormier&rft.aufirst=Michel&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarchildon2013" class="citation journal cs1">Marchildon, Gregory P. (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/Acadiensis/article/view/20293/23418">"Last Province Aboard: New Brunswick and National Medicare"</a>. <i>Acadiensis</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acadiensis&rft.atitle=Last+Province+Aboard%3A+New+Brunswick+and+National+Medicare&rft.date=2013&rft.aulast=Marchildon&rft.aufirst=Gregory+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.lib.unb.ca%2Findex.php%2FAcadiensis%2Farticle%2Fview%2F20293%2F23418&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPasolli2009" class="citation journal cs1">Pasolli, Lisa (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://journals.lib.unb.ca/index.php/acadiensis/article/view/12473/13396">"Bureaucratizing the Atlantic Revolution: The "Saskatchewan Mafia" in the New Brunswick Civil Service, 1960-1970"</a>. <i>Acadiensis</i>: 126.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Acadiensis&rft.atitle=Bureaucratizing+the+Atlantic+Revolution%3A+The+%22Saskatchewan+Mafia%22+in+the+New+Brunswick+Civil+Service%2C+1960-1970&rft.pages=126&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Pasolli&rft.aufirst=Lisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjournals.lib.unb.ca%2Findex.php%2Facadiensis%2Farticle%2Fview%2F12473%2F13396&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanley1984" class="citation book cs1">Stanley, Della M. M. (1984). <i>LOUIS ROBICHAUD: A DECADE OF POWER</i>. Nimbus Publishing.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=LOUIS+ROBICHAUD%3A+A+DECADE+OF+POWER&rft.pub=Nimbus+Publishing&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Stanley&rft.aufirst=Della+M.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToole1988" class="citation cs2">Toole, Janet (1988), <i>Council of Maritime Premiers Oral History</i>, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Council+of+Maritime+Premiers+Oral+History&rft.pub=Provincial+Archives+of+New+Brunswick&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Toole&rft.aufirst=Janet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToole1990" class="citation cs2">Toole, Janet (1990), <i>Interview of John Belliveau</i>, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interview+of+John+Belliveau&rft.pub=Provincial+Archives+of+New+Brunswick&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Toole&rft.aufirst=Janet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToole1990" class="citation cs2">Toole, Janet (1990), <i>Interview of Fred Drummie</i>, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interview+of+Fred+Drummie&rft.pub=Provincial+Archives+of+New+Brunswick&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Toole&rft.aufirst=Janet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToole1990" class="citation cs2">Toole, Janet (1990), <i>Interview of Charles McElman</i>, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interview+of+Charles+McElman&rft.pub=Provincial+Archives+of+New+Brunswick&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Toole&rft.aufirst=Janet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFToole1990" class="citation cs2">Toole, Janet (1990), <i>Interview of Donald Tansley</i>, Provincial Archives of New Brunswick</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Interview+of+Donald+Tansley&rft.pub=Provincial+Archives+of+New+Brunswick&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Toole&rft.aufirst=Janet&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Robichaud&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDella_M.M._Stanley1984" class="citation book cs1">Della M.M. Stanley (1984). <i>Louis Robichaud: A Decade of Power</i>. Halifax: <a href="/wiki/Nimbus_Publishing" title="Nimbus Publishing">Nimbus Publishing</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-920852-24-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-920852-24-6"><bdi>0-920852-24-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Louis+Robichaud%3A+A+Decade+of+Power&rft.place=Halifax&rft.pub=Nimbus+Publishing&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-920852-24-6&rft.au=Della+M.M.+Stanley&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALouis+Robichaud" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Robichaud&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030122163201/http://www.gnb.ca/legis/publications/tradition/premiers/robichaudl-e.asp">Province of New Brunswick biography</a></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lop.parl.ca/sites/ParlInfo/default/en_CA/People/Profile?personId=1168">Louis Robichaud – Parliament of Canada biography</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/archives/categories/politics/provincial-territorial-politics/the-other-revolution-louis-robichauds-new-brunswick/topic---the-other-revolution-louis-robichauds-new-brunswick.html">CBC Digital Archives - The 'Other Revolution': Louis Robichaud's New Brunswick</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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