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team female</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: swimming team female"> <meta name="keywords" content="swimming team female"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="swimming team female"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4043</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: swimming team female</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4043</span> The Effect of Using Water Wireless Aqua Com System on the Development of Dolphin Kick Movements on the Female Swimming Team at the Faculty of Physical Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wisal%20Alrabadi">Wisal Alrabadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study's goal was to see how the use of water wireless Aqua Com System and its accompanying music affected the Female Swimming Team at the Faculty of Physical Education's development of dolphin kick movements. To that end, a training program consisting of (12) training units spread out over four weeks, three units per week, was created and applied to a study sample of (10) students from the swimming pool enrolled in the first semester of the academic year 2022. Pre-measuring and timing the movements of dolphins kicking with and without fins above and below, measuring the water's surface over a distance of 25 meters. The results showed that there are statistically significant differences in favor of telemetry from the start within the limits of the area specified for a distance of 15 m after the comparison between the pre and post-measurement using the test (T) of the double samples, and this indicates the impact of the training program using the Aqua Com System in the swimming team(Female) at Faculty of Physical Education, and in light of this a set of recommendations was developed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aqua%20com%20system%20training%20program" title="aqua com system training program">aqua com system training program</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accompanying%20music" title=" accompanying music"> accompanying music</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dolphin%20kick%20movements" title=" dolphin kick movements"> dolphin kick movements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20team%20female" title=" swimming team female"> swimming team female</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148023/the-effect-of-using-water-wireless-aqua-com-system-on-the-development-of-dolphin-kick-movements-on-the-female-swimming-team-at-the-faculty-of-physical-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148023.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4042</span> Does Creatine Supplementation Improve Swimming Performance?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Catrin%20Morgan">Catrin Morgan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Atholl%20Johnston"> Atholl Johnston </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Creatine supplementation should theoretically increase total muscle creatine and so enhance the generation of intramuscular phosphocreatine and subsequent ATP formation. The use of creatine as a potential ergogenic aid in sport has been an area of significant scientific research for a number of years. However the effect of creatine supplementation and swimming performance is a relatively new area of research and is the subject of this review. In swimming creatine supplementation could help maintain maximal power output, aid recovery and increase lean body mass. After investigating the underlying theory and science behind creatine supplementation, a literature review was conducted to identify the best evidence looking at the effect of creatine supplementation on swimming performance. The search identified 27 potential studies, and of these 17 were selected for review. The studies were then categorised into single sprint performance, which involves swimming a short distance race, or repeated interval performance, which involves swimming a series of sprints with intervals of rest between them. None of the studies on the effect of creatine controlled for the multiple confounding factors associated with measurement of swimming performance. The sample size in the studies was limited and this reduced the reliability of the studies and introduced the possibility of bias. The studies reviewed provided insufficient evidence to determine if creatine supplementation is beneficial to swimming performance. However, what data there was supported the use of creatine supplementation in repeated interval swimming rather than in single sprint swimming. From a review of the studies, it was calculated on average, there was a 1.37% increase in swimming performance with the use of creatine for repeated intervals and a 0.86% increase in performance for single sprint. While this may seem minor, it should be remembered that swimming races are often won by much smaller margins. In the 2012 London Olympics the Men’s 100 metres freestyle race was won by a margin of only 0.01 of a second. Therefore any potential benefit could make a dramatic difference to the final outcome of the race. Overall more research is warranted before the benefits of creatine supplementation in swimming performance can be further clarified. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=creatine%20supplementation" title="creatine supplementation">creatine supplementation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=repeated%20interval" title=" repeated interval"> repeated interval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=single%20sprint" title=" single sprint"> single sprint</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20performance" title=" swimming performance "> swimming performance </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25035/does-creatine-supplementation-improve-swimming-performance" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25035.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">425</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4041</span> Domain Adaptation Save Lives - Drowning Detection in Swimming Pool Scene Based on YOLOV8 Improved by Gaussian Poisson Generative Adversarial Network Augmentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simiao%20Ren">Simiao Ren</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=En%20Wei"> En Wei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drowning is a significant safety issue worldwide, and a robust computer vision-based alert system can easily prevent such tragedies in swimming pools. However, due to domain shift caused by the visual gap (potentially due to lighting, indoor scene change, pool floor color etc.) between the training swimming pool and the test swimming pool, the robustness of such algorithms has been questionable. The annotation cost for labeling each new swimming pool is too expensive for mass adoption of such a technique. To address this issue, we propose a domain-aware data augmentation pipeline based on Gaussian Poisson Generative Adversarial Network (GP-GAN). Combined with YOLOv8, we demonstrate that such a domain adaptation technique can significantly improve the model performance (from 0.24 mAP to 0.82 mAP) on new test scenes. As the augmentation method only require background imagery from the new domain (no annotation needed), we believe this is a promising, practical route for preventing swimming pool drowning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20vision" title="computer vision">computer vision</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title=" deep learning"> deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=YOLOv8" title=" YOLOv8"> YOLOv8</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection" title=" detection"> detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20pool" title=" swimming pool"> swimming pool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drowning" title=" drowning"> drowning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domain%20adaptation" title=" domain adaptation"> domain adaptation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generative%20adversarial%20network" title=" generative adversarial network"> generative adversarial network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GAN" title=" GAN"> GAN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GP-GAN" title=" GP-GAN"> GP-GAN</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163443/domain-adaptation-save-lives-drowning-detection-in-swimming-pool-scene-based-on-yolov8-improved-by-gaussian-poisson-generative-adversarial-network-augmentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163443.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4040</span> Fecundity of Blue Swimming Crab, Portunus segnis (Forskal, 1775)' in Yumurtalık Cove, Iskenderun Bay, Northeastern Mediterranean, Adana, Turkey</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Canan%20T%C3%BCreli%CC%87">Canan Türeli̇</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I%CC%87rem%20Nur%20Ye%C5%9Fi%CC%87lyurt"> İrem Nur Yeşi̇lyurt</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Blue swimming crab, Portunus segnis (Forskal, 1775) entered to the Mediterranean with Suez Canal. It is economically important species and consumed as food in Turkey. At this study, fecundity of P. segnis was investigated in Yumurtalık Cove, Turkey. Samples were collected monthly from July 2014 to June 2015 (except February), using bottom trawl into three different depth strata; 0-10 m, 10-20 m and 20-50 m. Sand crab samples were caught all studied months. 110 Males, 70 juvenile and 140 female; 44 of them ovigerous, totally 320 samples were collected during the study period. The size of all samples varied from 38.1 to 163.17 mm carapace width and from 3.46 to 324.36 g weight. All the ovigerous crabs were caught at 0-10 m depth between July to November and in April and May, the highest number of them was observed in August and September. Mean carapace width and weight of ovigerous crabs were calculated respectively, 130.36 ± 12.82 mm (101.39-154.03), 191.02 ± 59.00 g (88.26-324.36). Mean fecundity determined 1.186.185 ± 819.510 (1.393.79-4.513.034) eggs. More fecundity and reproduction biology studies are necessary for monitoring the P. segnis population structure in Northeastern Mediterranean of Turkey. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blue%20swimming%20crab" title="blue swimming crab">blue swimming crab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fecundity" title=" fecundity"> fecundity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=portunus%20segnis" title=" portunus segnis"> portunus segnis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Turkey" title=" Turkey"> Turkey</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45729/fecundity-of-blue-swimming-crab-portunus-segnis-forskal-1775-in-yumurtalik-cove-iskenderun-bay-northeastern-mediterranean-adana-turkey" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/45729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">317</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4039</span> Swimming Pool Water Chlorination Detection System Utilizing TDSTestr </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Alamoudi">Fahad Alamoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaser%20Miaji"> Yaser Miaji</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fawzy%20Jalalah"> Fawzy Jalalah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growing popularity of swimming pools and other activities in the water for sport, fitness, therapy or just enjoyable relaxation have led to the increased use of swimming pools and the establishment of a variety of specific-use pools such as spa pools, Waterslides and more recently, hydrotherapy and wave pools. In this research a few simple equipments are used for test, Detect and alert for detection of water cleanness and pollution. YSI Photometer Systems, TDSTestr High model, rio 12HF, and Electrode A1. The researchers used electrolysis as a method of separating bonded elements and compounds by passing an electric current through them. The results which use 41 experiments show the higher the salt concentration, the more efficient the electrode and the smaller the gap between the plates and The lower the electrode voltage. Furthermore, it is proved that the larger the surface area, the lower the cell voltage and the higher current used the more chlorine produced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photometer" title="photometer">photometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrode" title=" electrode"> electrode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrolysis" title=" electrolysis"> electrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20pool%20chlorination" title=" swimming pool chlorination"> swimming pool chlorination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26847/swimming-pool-water-chlorination-detection-system-utilizing-tdstestr" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4038</span> Team Workforce Diversity and Team Outcomes: A Meta-Analytic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hyeondal%20Jeong">Hyeondal Jeong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yoonjung%20Baek"> Yoonjung Baek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out a meta-analysis on team workforce diversity and team outcomes. Using data from 3,534 teams in 13 studies conducted in team-level settings, we examined whether contextual factors at research local and team-size, influenced team outcomes of team workforce diversity. This meta-analytic examines the team workforce diversity and team outcomes. 13 studies included in the analysis are studies published from 2009 to 2014. We first examined the correlations between all types of diversity and team performance, significant result (Fisher`s Z = .112, k = 32, 95% CI = 0.039 to 0.183). After the analysis was conducted to moderating effect of research local (Republic of Korea=1, other area=0) and team-size. As a result, research local moderating effect had a significant but team-size was not supported. Based on the above findings suggest implications and future research directions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20workforce%20diversity" title="team workforce diversity">team workforce diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20outcomes" title=" team outcomes"> team outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-%20analytic" title=" meta- analytic"> meta- analytic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-cultural%20research" title=" cross-cultural research"> cross-cultural research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57974/team-workforce-diversity-and-team-outcomes-a-meta-analytic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57974.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">311</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4037</span> Team Members' Perception of Team Leader's Effectiveness in Biotechnology Industry in India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keerthana%20Gonella">Keerthana Gonella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamesh%20Apparaju"> Kamesh Apparaju</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Teams are all pervasive and team leadership is a much discussed topic in managing projects that characterize the modern work environment. Biotechnology industry in India is an area of research interest for scholars on leadership, especially, team leadership. The present paper examines the perception of team members on the effectiveness of their team leaders in the biotechnology industry in India. This is an empirical study in which the data was collected by administering the closed-ended questionnaire to the respondents from across India. The effectiveness of the team leader is dependent upon his goal orientation that creates a collaborative climate. Leaders with technical know-how inspire teamwork with trust. They build confidence, mitigate the differences and expand team capabilities through teamwork. Effective leaders also create team identity making the most of the differences with a vision. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaboration" title="collaboration">collaboration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception" title=" perception"> perception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team" title=" team"> team</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20capabilities" title=" team capabilities"> team capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20leadership" title=" team leadership"> team leadership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61449/team-members-perception-of-team-leaders-effectiveness-in-biotechnology-industry-in-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">308</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4036</span> Prototype Development of Knitted Buoyant Swimming Vest for Children</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nga-Wun%20Li">Nga-Wun Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chu-Po%20Ho"> Chu-Po Ho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kit-Lun%20Yick"> Kit-Lun Yick</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Yun%20Zhou"> Jin-Yun Zhou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of buoyant vests incorporated with swimsuits can develop children’s confidence in the water, particularly for novice swimmers. Consequently, parents intend to purchase buoyant swimming vests for the children to reduce their anxiety to water. Although the conventional buoyant swimming vests can provide the buoyant function to the wearer, their bulkiness and hardness make children feel uncomfortable and not willing to wear. This study aimed to apply inlay knitting technology to design new functional buoyant swimming vests for children. This prototype involved a shell and a buoyant knitted layer, which is the main media to provide buoyancy. Polypropylene yarn and 6.4 mm of Expandable Polyethylene (EPE) foam were fabricated in Full needle stitch with inlay knitting technology and were then linked by sewing to form the buoyant layer. The shell of the knitted buoyant vest was made of Polypropylene circular knitted fabric. The structure of knitted fabrics of the buoyant swimsuit makes them inherently stretchable, and the arrangement of the inlaid material was designed based on the body movement that can improve the ease with which the swimmer moves. Further, the shoulder seam is designed at the back to minimize the irritation of the wearer. Apart from maintaining the buoyant function to them, this prototype shows its contribution in reducing bulkiness and improving softness to the conventional buoyant swimming vest by taking the advantages of a knitted garment. The results in this study are significant to the development of the buoyant swimming vest for both the textile and the fast-growing sportswear industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knitting%20technology" title="knitting technology">knitting technology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=buoyancy" title=" buoyancy"> buoyancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inlay" title=" inlay"> inlay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20vest" title=" swimming vest"> swimming vest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20garment" title=" functional garment"> functional garment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117992/prototype-development-of-knitted-buoyant-swimming-vest-for-children" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/117992.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">112</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4035</span> The Role of Satisfaction on Performance among Afe Babalola University Team Sports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20O.%20Diyaolu">B. O. Diyaolu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Viability and competency during competition is the dream of every team sports so as to have a good result. But it seems factors abound which deter the performance of even a good sports team. Different individuals with different state of mind all come together to perform in team sports with different degree of satisfaction. This study investigated the role of satisfaction on performance among Afe Babalola University team sports. Descriptive survey research design was used and the population consists of all male and female athletes in the team sports that participated in the last 2019 Ekiti State Higher Institution games (ESHIGA). Total enumeration technique was used for the three team sports; football (44), basketball (24) and volleyball (24). A total of 92 participants were involved in the research. The instrument used for the study was a modified Athlete Satisfaction Scale (ASS). The questionnaire was divided into two sections. The Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficient of 0.71 was obtained. The hypotheses were tested at 0.05 significant levels. The completed questionnaire was collated, coded, and analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentage and inferential statistics of chi-square (X<sup>2</sup>). Findings of this study revealed that satisfaction significantly influences team sports performance among Athletes of Afe Babalola University. The responsibility of satisfying athlete lies on the coaches, fans, sports administrators as well as organizers of such event, as it is not only financial reward that gives satisfaction. The performance of a team sports is quiet important and its being determined by the degree of satisfaction of each individual that make up the team. All effort must be made to satisfy athlete in order to guarantee optimum performance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=athlete%20satisfaction" title="athlete satisfaction">athlete satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20achievement" title=" optimum achievement"> optimum achievement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimum%20performance" title=" optimum performance"> optimum performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20performance%20and%20team%20sports" title=" sports performance and team sports"> sports performance and team sports</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110046/the-role-of-satisfaction-on-performance-among-afe-babalola-university-team-sports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/110046.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4034</span> Technological Measures to Reduce the Environmental Impact of Swimming Pools</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F%C3%A1tima%20Farinha">Fátima Farinha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Miguel%20J.%20Oliveira"> Miguel J. Oliveira</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gina%20Matias"> Gina Matias</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armando%20Inverno"> Armando Inverno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J%C3%A2nio%20Monteiro"> Jânio Monteiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cristiano%20Cabrita"> Cristiano Cabrita</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the last decades, the construction of swimming pools for recreational activities has grown exponentially in southern Europe. Swimming pools are used both for private use in villas and for collective use in hotels or condominiums. However, they have a high environmental impact, mainly in terms of water and energy consumption, being used for a short period of time, depending significantly on favorable atmospheric conditions. Contrary to what would be expected, not enough research has been conducted to reduce the negative impact of this equipment. In this context, this work proposes and analyses technological measures to reduce the environmental impacts of swimming pools, such as thermal insulation of the tank, water balance in order to detect leaks and optimize the backwash process, integration of renewable energy generation, and a smart control system that meets the requirements of the user. The work was developed within the scope of the Ecopool+++ project, which aims to create innovative heated pools with reduced thermal losses and integration of SMART energy plus water management systems. The project is in the final phase of its development, with very encouraging results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20pools" title="swimming pools">swimming pools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermal%20losses" title=" thermal losses"> thermal losses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management%20system" title=" water management system"> water management system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162446/technological-measures-to-reduce-the-environmental-impact-of-swimming-pools" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4033</span> Effects of Swimming Exercise Training on Persistent Pain in Rats after Thoracotomy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shao-Cyuan%20Yewang">Shao-Cyuan Yewang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Wen%20Chen"> Yu-Wen Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Exercise training is well known to alleviate chronic pain syndromes improve of chronic pain. This study investigated the effect of swimming exercise training on thoracotomy and rib retraction-induced allodynia. Methods: Male Sprague Dawley rats that received animal model of persistent postthoracotomy pain. All rats were divided into three groups: sham operations group (Sham), thoracotomy and rib retraction group (TRR), and TRR with swimming exercise training for 90min/day, 7 days a week for 4 weeks (TRR-SEW). The sham group did not receive retraction of the ribs. Thus, they received a pleural incision. The levels of mechanical and cold allodynia were measured by von Frey and acetone test. Results: In von Frey test, the level of mechanical allodynia in the TRR group was significantly higher than the sham group. The level of mechanical allodynia in the TRR-SEW group was significantly lower than the TRR group. In acetone test, the level of cold allodynia in the TRR group was significantly higher than the sham group. The level of cold allodynia in the TRR-SEW group was significantly lower than the TRR group. Conclusions: These results suggest that swimming exercise training decreases persistent postthoracotomy pain caused by TRR surgery. It may provide one of the new therapeutic effects of swimming exercise training could alleviate persistent postthoracotomy pain. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20pain" title="chronic pain">chronic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thoracotomy%20pain" title=" thoracotomy pain"> thoracotomy pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming" title=" swimming"> swimming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=von%20Frey%20test" title=" von Frey test"> von Frey test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acetone%20test" title=" acetone test"> acetone test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77826/effects-of-swimming-exercise-training-on-persistent-pain-in-rats-after-thoracotomy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/77826.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">218</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4032</span> Enhancing Nursing Teams' Learning: The Role of Team Accountability and Team Resources</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarit%20Rashkovits">Sarit Rashkovits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anat%20Drach-%20Zahavy"> Anat Drach- Zahavy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research considers the unresolved question regarding the link between nursing team accountability and team learning and the resulted team performance in nursing teams. Empirical findings reveal disappointing evidence regarding improvement in healthcare safety and quality. Therefore, there is a need in advancing managerial knowledge regarding the factors that enhance constant healthcare teams' proactive improvement efforts, meaning team learning. We first aim to identify the organizational resources that are needed for team learning in nursing teams; second, to test the moderating role of nursing teams' learning resources in the team accountability-team learning link; and third, to test the moderated mediation model suggesting that nursing teams' accountability affects team performance by enhancing team learning when relevant resources are available to the team. We point on the intervening role of three team learning resources, namely time availability, team autonomy and performance data on the relation between team accountability and team learning and test the proposed moderated mediation model on 44 nursing teams (462 nurses and 44 nursing managers). The results showed that, as was expected, there was a positive significant link between team accountability and team learning and the subsequent team performance when time availability and team autonomy were high rather than low. Nevertheless, the positive team accountability- team learning link was significant when team performance feedback was low rather than high. Accordingly, there was a positive mediated effect of team accountability on team performance via team learning when either time availability or team autonomy were high and the availability of team performance data was low. Nevertheless, this mediated effect was negative when time availability and team autonomy were low and the availability of team performance data was high. We conclude that nurturing team accountability is not enough for achieving nursing teams' learning and the subsequent improved team performance. Rather there is need to provide nursing teams with adequate time, autonomy, and be cautious with performance feedback, as the latter may motivate nursing teams to repeat routine work strategies rather than explore improved ones. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20teams%27%20accountability" title="nursing teams' accountability">nursing teams' accountability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20teams%27%20learning" title=" nursing teams' learning"> nursing teams' learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20feedback" title=" performance feedback"> performance feedback</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teams%27%20autonomy" title=" teams' autonomy "> teams' autonomy </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49816/enhancing-nursing-teams-learning-the-role-of-team-accountability-and-team-resources" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/49816.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">264</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4031</span> Water Immersion Recovery for Swimmers in Hot Environments</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thanura%20Randula%20Abeywardena">Thanura Randula Abeywardena</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study recognized the effectiveness of cold-water immersion recovery post exhaustive short-term exercise. The purpose of this study was to understand if 16- 20°C of cold-water immersion would be beneficial in a tropical environment to achieve optimal recovery in sprint swim performance in comparison to 10-15°C of water immersion. Two 100m-sprint swim performance times were measured along with blood lactate (BLa), heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) in a 25m swimming pool with full body head out horizontal water immersions of 10-15°C, 16-20°C and 29-32°C (pool temperature) for 10 minutes followed by 5 minutes of seated passive rest outside; in between the two swim performances. Twelve well-trained adult swimmers (5 male and 5 female) within the top twenty in the Sri Lankan national swimming championships in 100m Butterfly and Freestyle in the years 2020 & 2021 volunteered for this study. One-way ANOVA analysis (p<0.05) suggested performance time, Bla and HR had no significant differences between the 3 conditions after the second sprint; however, RPE was significantly different with p=0.034 between 10-15°C and 16-20°C immersion conditions. The study suggested that the recovery post the two cold-water immersion conditions were similar in terms of performance and physiological factors; however, the 16-20°C temperature had a better “feel good” factor post sprint 2. Further study is recommended as there was participant bias with the swimmers not reaching optimal levels in sprint 1. Therefore, they might have possibly fully recovered before sprint 2, invalidating the physiological effect of recovery. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrotherapy" title="hydrotherapy">hydrotherapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood%20lactate" title=" blood lactate"> blood lactate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fatigue" title=" fatigue"> fatigue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recovery" title=" recovery"> recovery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sprint-performance" title=" sprint-performance"> sprint-performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sprint-swimming" title=" sprint-swimming"> sprint-swimming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157374/water-immersion-recovery-for-swimmers-in-hot-environments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157374.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4030</span> Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on Swimming Pool Hygiene and Assessment of Microbial Contamination in Educational Institution in Selangor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarini%20Ismail">Zarini Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mas%20Ayu%20Arina%20Mohd%20Anuwar"> Mas Ayu Arina Mohd Anuwar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ling%20Chai%20Ying"> Ling Chai Ying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tengku%20Zetty%20Maztura%20Tengku%20Jamaluddin"> Tengku Zetty Maztura Tengku Jamaluddin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurul%20Azmawati%20Mohamed"> Nurul Azmawati Mohamed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadeeya%20Ayn%20Umaisara%20Mohamad%20Nor"> Nadeeya Ayn Umaisara Mohamad Nor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The transmission of infectious diseases can occur anywhere, including in the swimming pools. A large number of swimmers turnover and poor hygienic behaviours will increase the occurrence of direct and indirect water contamination. A wide variety of infections such as the gastrointestinal illnesses, skin rash, eye infections, ear infections and respiratory illnesses had been reported following the exposure to the contaminated water. Understanding the importance of pool hygiene with a healthy practice will reduce the risk of infection. The aims of the study are to investigate the knowledge, attitude and practices on pool hygiene among swimming pool users and to determine the microbial contaminants in swimming pools. A cross-sectional study was conducted using self-administered questionnaires to 600 swimming pool users from four swimming pools belong to the three educational institutions in Selangor. Data was analyzed using SPSS Statistics version 22.0 for Windows. The knowledge, attitude and practice of the study participants were analyzed using the sum score based on Bloom’s cut-off point (80%). Having a score above the cut-off point was classified as having high levels of knowledge, positive attitude and good practice. The association between socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge and attitude with practice on pool hygiene was determined by Chi-Square test. The physicochemical parameters and the microbial contamination were determined using a standard method for examination of waste and wastewater. Of the 600 respondents, 465 (77.5%) were females with the mean age of 21 years old. Most of the respondents are the students (98.8%) which belong to the three educational institutions in Selangor. Overall, the majority of the respondents (89.2%) had low knowledge on pool hygiene, but had positive attitudes (91.3%). Whereas only half of the respondents (50%) practice good hygiene while using the swimming pools. There was a significant association between practice level on pool hygiene with knowledge (p < 0.001) and also the attitude (p < 0.001). The measurements of the physicochemical parameters showed that all 4 swimming pools had low levels of pH and two had low levels of free chlorine. However, all the water samples tested were negative for Escherichia coli. The findings of this study suggested that high knowledge and positive attitude towards pool hygiene ensure a good practice among swimming pool users. Thus, it is recommended that educational interventions should be given to the swimming pool users to increase their knowledge regarding the pool hygiene and this will prevent the unnecessary outbreak of infectious diseases related to swimming pool. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attitude" title="attitude">attitude</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title=" knowledge"> knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pool%20hygiene" title=" pool hygiene"> pool hygiene</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=practice" title=" practice"> practice</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67187/knowledge-attitude-and-practice-on-swimming-pool-hygiene-and-assessment-of-microbial-contamination-in-educational-institution-in-selangor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67187.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4029</span> Association between Physical Composition, Swimming Performance and Somatotype of Male Competitive Swimmers of Age Group 10-13 Years</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ranjit%20Singh">Ranjit Singh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Body fat % lean body mass and body type play vital role in sports performance. A sports person who is having optional body composition can show its performance flawlessly whereas other who is not physical fit may be more prone to injury. Competitive swimming is an association of plethora of aspects like morphological, physiological, biochemical, biomechanical and psychological. The primary key of the present research is to examine the correlation among selected morphological dimensions such as height, weight, body fat%, lean body mass, somatotype and swimming performance. The present study also focused to investigate by potential deficiencies if any and to find out remedial measures to curb the training stresses. Thirty (age group 10-14 years) swimmers undergoing training under skilled and professional coaches were selected in the present study. The morphological variables and performance criterion like 50 meter swimming time and speed were calculated by using standard training methodology. Correlation coefficient among body composition, somatotype and performance variables were assessed by using standard statistical package SPSS. Mean height, weight, fat% and lean body mass of the present group is 150.97±8.68 cm, 44.0±9.34 kg., 15.97±4.42 % and 37.10±8.77 kg respectively. Somatotype of the young swimmers of this research is revealed ectomorphic mesomorph. The analysis of the results Illustrated that swimming performance is significantly correlated (p<0.05) with height, body weight, mesomorphoic component and lean body mass. Body fat is significantly and negatively correlated (p<0.05) with mesomorphic component, lean body mass and swimming speed. From this present study, it can be concluded that along with techniques and tactics other the physical attributes also play significant role in swimming performance which can help the swimmers to excel in higher level of competition and swimmers having improved morphological qualities can ultimately perform well. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=body%20fat" title="body fat">body fat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mass" title=" mass"> mass</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesomorphic%20component" title=" mesomorphic component"> mesomorphic component</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=somatotype" title=" somatotype"> somatotype</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56057/association-between-physical-composition-swimming-performance-and-somatotype-of-male-competitive-swimmers-of-age-group-10-13-years" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">234</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4028</span> Assessment of the Physico-Chemical Parameters and Heavy Metal Concentration in Water and Callinectes amnicola (Swimming Crab) in a Crude Oil Exposed Community (Bodo Creek), Rivers State, Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehiedu%20Philomina%20Kika">Ehiedu Philomina Kika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jessica%20Chinonso%20Ehilegbu"> Jessica Chinonso Ehilegbu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The exploration and production of fossil fuel particularly crude oil has led to some serious environmental damage in some oil producing communities like the Bodo Community who rely heavily on their aquatic environment for food and water. This study was therefore carried out to investigate the level of some heavy metals in water and Callinectes amnicola (Swimming Crab) in the month of August, September and October from Bodo creek, Rivers State, Nigeria. The physico-chemical parameters of the water were also analyzed in-situ. The levels of heavy metals, Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Copper (Cu) were analyzed in water and in Callinectes amnicola (Swimming Crab), using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) after acid digestion. For the concentration of heavy metals in water, Pb ranged from 0.103 - 0.791 mg/l, Zn 0.0025 - 0.342 mg/l, Cr < 0.001 - 0.304 mg/l, Cd 0.011 - 0.116 mg/l and Cu <0.001 - 0.079 mg/l. For the concentration of heavy metals in Callinectes amnicola (Swimming Crab), the level of Pb ranged from 0.359 - 0.849 mg/l, Zn 0.134 - 0.342 mg/l, Cd 0.053 - 0.103 mg/l, Cr < 0.001 - <0.001 mg/l, Cu < 0.001 - 0.131 mg/l. The concentrations of Pb, Cd and Cr for all water and crab samples collected from the various stations were higher than permissible level suggesting serious anthropogenic influence. Thus, precaution needs to be taken to prevent further contamination and adequate purification measures need to be put in place. Therefore, there should be periodic environmental pollution monitoring, for assessment and awareness especially with regards heavy metal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bodo%20creek" title="Bodo creek">Bodo creek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crude%20oil" title=" crude oil"> crude oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal" title=" heavy metal"> heavy metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20crab" title=" swimming crab"> swimming crab</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93484/assessment-of-the-physico-chemical-parameters-and-heavy-metal-concentration-in-water-and-callinectes-amnicola-swimming-crab-in-a-crude-oil-exposed-community-bodo-creek-rivers-state-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4027</span> The Effect of 6 Weeks Endurance Swimming Training on Blood Glucose and Cardiac Tissue Antioxidants in Diabetic Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kh.%20Dehkordi">Kh. Dehkordi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Sharifi%20Gholam"> R. Sharifi Gholam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Arshadi"> S. Arshadi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: Oxidative stress is produced under diabetic conditions and possibly causes various forms of tissue damage inpatients with diabetes. Antioxidants defend against the harmful effect of free radicals, which are associated with heart disease, cancer, arthritis, aging and many other diseases1). Antioxidants are very stable molecules capable of neutralizing free radicals by donating an electron to them.The aim of this study was to examine the effect of swimming training, fenugreek seed extract and glibenclamide on plasma glucose and cardiac antioxidants activity in diabetic rats. Design: For this purpose, fifty male wistar rats were divided into five groups, two groups of control rats (diabetic control [DC] and healthy control [HC]), one group of endurance swimming training (EST), one group of fenugreek seed extract highdose (F1, 1.74 g/kg b.w), one group of fenugreek seed extract middle dose (F2, 0.87 g/kg b.w), one group of glibenclamide (G, 0.5 mg/kg b.w). Materials and Methods: Diabetes induced by streptozotocine (STZ), data was analyzed using the one-way ANOVA followed by a Tukey test. Significance level was 0.05. Results: All of the groups' exception of HC showed significant decrease in body weight (P < 0.05), but the diabetic control and swimming training group exhibited a more decrease. All of the groups have shown a significant decrease in plasma glucose than DC group (P < 0.05) but this reduction was more in G group than DC no HC group. S, G and HC groups have shown significant increase in cardiac antioxidant than DC group (P < 0.05) but there wasn't significant difference in other groups (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The present results indicate that regular swimming training lead to decrease in plasma glucose and enhanced cardiac antioxidants in diabetic rats. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming" title="swimming">swimming</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title=" glucose"> glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac" title=" cardiac"> cardiac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidants" title=" antioxidants"> antioxidants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34943/the-effect-of-6-weeks-endurance-swimming-training-on-blood-glucose-and-cardiac-tissue-antioxidants-in-diabetic-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34943.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">304</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4026</span> An Exploitation of Electrical Sensors in Monitoring Pool Chlorination</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fahad%20Alamoudi">Fahad Alamoudi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaser%20Miaji"> Yaser Miaji </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The growing popularity of swimming pools and other activities in the water for sport, fitness, therapy or just enjoyable relaxation have led to the increased use of swimming pools and the establishment of a variety of specific-use pools such as spa pools, water slides, and more recently, hydrotherapy and wave pools. In this research, a few simple equipment is used for test, detect and alert for detection of water cleanness and pollution. YSI Photometer Systems, TDSTestr High model, Rio 12HF and Electrode A1. The researchers used electrolysis as a method of separating bonded elements and compounds by passing an electric current through them. The results which use 41 experiments show the higher the salt concentration, the more efficient the electrode and the smaller the gap between the plates, the lower the electrode voltage. Furthermore, it is proved that the larger the surface area, the lower the cell voltage and the higher current used the more chlorine produced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photometer" title="photometer">photometer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrode" title=" electrode"> electrode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrolysis" title=" electrolysis"> electrolysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20pool%20chlorination" title=" swimming pool chlorination"> swimming pool chlorination</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24384/an-exploitation-of-electrical-sensors-in-monitoring-pool-chlorination" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24384.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4025</span> Design, Modelling, and Fabrication of Bioinspired Frog Robot for Synchronous and Asynchronous Swimming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afaque%20Manzoor%20Soomro">Afaque Manzoor Soomro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faheem%20Ahmed"> Faheem Ahmed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fida%20Hussain%20Memon"> Fida Hussain Memon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyung%20Hyun%20Choi"> Kyung Hyun Choi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes the bioinspired soft frog robot. All printing technology was used for the fabrication of the robot. Polyjet printing was used to print the front and back limbs, while ultrathin filament was used to print the body of the robot, which makes it a complete soft swimming robot. The dual thrust generation approach has been proposed by embedding the main muscle and antagonistic muscle in all the limbs, which enables it to attain high speed (18 mm/s), and significant control of swimming in dual modes (synchronous and asynchronous modes). To achieve the swimming motion of the frog, the design, motivated by the rigorous modelling and real frog dynamics analysis, enabled the as-developed frog robot (FROBOT) to swim at a significant level of consistency with the real frog. The FROBOT (weighing 65 g) can swim at different controllable frequencies (0.5–2Hz) and can turn in any direction by following custom-made LabVIEW software’s commands which enables it to swim at speed up to 18 mm/s on the surface of deep water (100 cm) with excellent weight balance. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20robotics" title="soft robotics">soft robotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20actuator" title=" soft actuator"> soft actuator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frog%20robot" title=" frog robot"> frog robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title=" 3D printing"> 3D printing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151715/design-modelling-and-fabrication-of-bioinspired-frog-robot-for-synchronous-and-asynchronous-swimming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">101</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4024</span> The Effect of Relaxing Exercises in Water on Endorphin Hormone for the Beginner in Swimming</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yasmin%20Hussein%20Embaby">Yasmin Hussein Embaby</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Athletic Training has its essentials, rules, and methods that help individual in reaching the maximum possible athletic level during the exercised physical activity, therefore; it is important for those working in athletic field to recognize and understand what is going on inside our bodies. This will show the close relationship between physiology and athletic training as the science that explains the various changes that happen to respond to the practice of physical activities. Swimming is one of the water sports that play a major role in influencing the full compatibility of body parts and its systems during the practice of different swimming methods, which uses aqueous to move. It is the initial nucleus in swimming learning and through which the beginner gain a sense of security, safety and the ability to move in aqueous by learning basic skills. Research Methodology: The researcher used the experimental methodology by using pre and post measurement on two equal groups (experimental – control) because it is appropriate for the research. Conclusions: Through the results and information found by the researcher, and in light of the related studies, theoretical readings and the statistical treatments of data; the researcher reached the following conclusions: 1. Muscle relaxation exercises have a positive effect on performance level in crawl swimming and on endorphin hormone as it helps in increasing its normal rater in body, the improvement percentage for experimental group in the relaxation ability, level of endorphin hormone exceeds those of control group. 2. The validity of muscle relaxation exercises proposed for the application, which achieved its objectives, namely increasing the level of endorphin hormone in the body; where research results showed a statistically significant difference in the level of endorphin hormone in favor of the experimental sample. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=beginners" title="beginners">beginners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endorphin%20hormone" title=" endorphin hormone"> endorphin hormone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=relaxing%20exercises" title=" relaxing exercises"> relaxing exercises</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming" title=" swimming"> swimming</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72368/the-effect-of-relaxing-exercises-in-water-on-endorphin-hormone-for-the-beginner-in-swimming" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/72368.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">212</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4023</span> Heating System for Water Pool by Solar Energy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elmo%20Thiago%20Lins%20C%C3%B6uras%20Ford">Elmo Thiago Lins Cöuras Ford</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Valentina%20Alessandra%20Carvalho%20do%20Vale"> Valentina Alessandra Carvalho do Vale</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A swimming pool heating system is presented, composed of two alternative collectors with serial PVC absorber tubes that work in regimen of forced stream that is gotten through a bomb. A 500 liters reservoir was used, simulating the swimming pool, being raised some data that show the viability of the considered system. The chosen outflow was corresponding to 100 l/h. In function of the low outflow it was necessary the use of a not popular bomb, choosing the use of a low outflow alternative pumping system, using an air conditioner engine with three different rotations for the desired end. The thermal data related to each collector and their developed system will be presented. The UV and thermal degradations of the PVC exposed to solar radiation will be also boarded, demonstrating the viability of using tubes of this material as absorber elements of radiation in water heating solar collectors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title="solar energy">solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20swimming%20pool" title=" solar swimming pool"> solar swimming pool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20heating" title=" water heating"> water heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PVC%20tubes" title=" PVC tubes"> PVC tubes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alternative%20system" title=" alternative system"> alternative system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18363/heating-system-for-water-pool-by-solar-energy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18363.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">464</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4022</span> A Test to Express Diagnostic Cohesion of Football Team </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandra%20O.%20Savinkina">Alexandra O. Savinkina </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We proposed to assess the cohesion of a football team by its subject-goal and subject-value unity according to the A.V. Petrovsky theory. Goal unity was measured by the degree of compliance of the priority targets for various players in the team. Values were estimated by the coincidence of the ideas about a perfect football player. On the basis of the provisional diagnosis of the six teams, we had made the lists of goals and values. The tests were piloted on 35 football teams. The results allowed not only to compare quantitatively the cohesion of the different teams, but also to identify subgroups within the team. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cohesion" title="cohesion">cohesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=football" title=" football"> football</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychodiagnostic" title=" psychodiagnostic"> psychodiagnostic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soccer" title=" soccer"> soccer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sports%20team" title=" sports team"> sports team</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value-orientation%20unity" title=" value-orientation unity"> value-orientation unity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58994/a-test-to-express-diagnostic-cohesion-of-football-team" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">284</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4021</span> Effective Teaching Pyramid and Its Impact on Enhancing the Participation of Students in Swimming Classes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salam%20M.%20H.%20Kareem">Salam M. H. Kareem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Instructional or teaching procedures and their proper sequence are essential for high-quality learning outcomes. These actions are the path that the teacher takes during the learning process after setting the learning objectives. Teachers and specialists in the education field should include teaching procedures with putting in place an effective mechanism for the procedure’s implementation to achieve a logical sequence with the desired output of overall education process. Determining the sequence of these actions may be a strategic process outlined by a strategic educational plan or drawn by teachers with a high level of experience, enabling them to determine those logical procedures. While specific actions may be necessary for a specific form, many Physical Education (PE) teachers can work out on various sports disciplines. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of using the teaching sequence of the teaching pyramid in raising the level of enjoyment in swimming classes. Four months later of teaching swimming skills to the control and experimental groups of the study, we figured that using the tools shown in the teaching pyramid with the experimental group led to statistically significant differences in the positive tendencies of students to participate in the swimming classes by using the traditional procedures of teaching and using of successive procedures in the teaching pyramid, and in favor of the teaching pyramid, The students are influenced by enhancing their tendency to participate in swimming classes when the teaching procedures followed are sensitive to individual differences and are based on the element of pleasure in learning, and less positive levels of the tendency of students when using traditional teaching procedures, by getting the level of skills' requirements higher and more difficult to perform. The level of positive tendencies of students when using successive procedures in the teaching pyramid was increased, by getting the level of skills' requirements higher and more difficult to perform, because of the high level of motivation and the desire to challenge the self-provided by the teaching pyramid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physical%20education" title="physical education">physical education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20classes" title=" swimming classes"> swimming classes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20process" title=" teaching process"> teaching process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20pyramid" title=" teaching pyramid"> teaching pyramid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112082/effective-teaching-pyramid-and-its-impact-on-enhancing-the-participation-of-students-in-swimming-classes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112082.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4020</span> Cultural Diversity and Challenges for Female Entrepreneurs: Empirical Study of an Emerging Economy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Ikram">Amir Ikram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Qin%20Su"> Qin Su</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Fiaz"> Muhammad Fiaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Waqas%20Shabbir"> Muhammad Waqas Shabbir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Women entrepreneurship witnessed a healthy rise in the last decade or so, and the scenario in Pakistan is not different. However female leaders are facing various, cultural, career oriented, and professional challenges. The study investigates the impact of social and industry-specific challenges on female entrepreneurship; social challenges was evaluated in terms of culture, and industry-specific challenges was measured in terms of team management and career growth. Purposive sampling was employed to collect data from 75 multicultural organizations operating in the culturally diverse and historic city of Lahore, Pakistan. Cronbach’s alpha was conducted to endorse the reliability of survey questionnaire, while correlation and regression analysis were used to test hypotheses. Industry-specific challenges were found to be more significant as compared to cultural factors. The paper also highlights the importance of female entrepreneurship for emerging economies, and suggests that bringing women to mainstream professions can lead to economic success. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20challenges" title="cultural challenges">cultural challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20economy" title=" emerging economy"> emerging economy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=female%20entrepreneurship" title=" female entrepreneurship"> female entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=leadership" title=" leadership"> leadership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54478/cultural-diversity-and-challenges-for-female-entrepreneurs-empirical-study-of-an-emerging-economy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/54478.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">334</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4019</span> Effect of cold water immersion on bone mineral metabolism in aging rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irena%20Baranowska-Bosiacka">Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mateusz%20Bosiacki"> Mateusz Bosiacki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Patrycja%20Kupnicka"> Patrycja Kupnicka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Lubkowska"> Anna Lubkowska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dariusz%20Chlubek"> Dariusz Chlubek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Physical activity and a balanced diet are among the key factors of "healthy ageing". Physical effort, including swimming in cold water (including bathing in natural water reservoirs), is widely recognized as a hardening factor, with a positive effect on the mental and physical health. At the same time, there is little scientific evidence to verify this hypothesis. In the literature to date, it is possible to obtain data on the impact of these factors on selected physiological and biochemical parameters of the blood, at the same time there are no results of research on the effect of immersing in cold water on mineral metabolism, especially bones, hence it seems important to perform such an analysis in relation to the key elements such as calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and phosphorus (P). Taking the above into account, a hypothesis was put forward about the possibility of a positive effect of exercise in cold water on mineral metabolism and bone density in aging rats. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of an 8-week swimming training on mineral metabolism and bone density in aging rats in response to exercise in cold water (5oC) in comparison to swimming in thermal comfort (36oC) and sedentary (control) rats of both sexes. The examination of the concentration of the examined elements in the bones was carried out using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The mineral density of the femurs of the rats was measured using the Hologic Horizon DEXA System® densitometer. The results of our study showed that swimming in cold water affects bone mineral metabolism in aging rats by changing the Ca, Mg, P concentration and at the same time increasing their bone density. In males, a decrease in Mg concentration and no changes in bone density were observed. In the light of the research results, it seems that swimming in cold water may be a factor that positively modifies the bone aging process by improving the mechanisms affecting their density. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=swimming%20in%20cold%20water" title="swimming in cold water">swimming in cold water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptation%20to%20cold%20water" title=" adaptation to cold water"> adaptation to cold water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20mineral%20metabolism" title=" bone mineral metabolism"> bone mineral metabolism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163011/effect-of-cold-water-immersion-on-bone-mineral-metabolism-in-aging-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">60</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4018</span> Understanding Team Member Autonomy and Team Collaboration: A Qualitative Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ay%C5%9Fen%20Bakio%C4%9Flu">Ayşen Bakioğlu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G%C3%B6k%C3%A7en%20Seyra%20%C3%87ak%C4%B1r"> Gökçen Seyra Çakır</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aims to explore how research assistants who work in project teams experience team member autonomy and how they reconcile team member autonomy with team collaboration. The study utilizes snowball sampling. 20 research assistants who work the faculties of education in Marmara University and Yıldız Technical University have been interviewed. The analysis of data involves a content analysis MAXQDAPlus 11 which is a qualitative data analysis software is used as the data analysis tool. According to the findings of this study, emerging themes include team norm formation, team coordination management, the role of individual tasks in team collaboration, leadership distribution. According to the findings, interviewees experience team norm formation process in terms of processes, which pertain to task fulfillment, and processes, which pertain to the regulation of team dynamics. Team norm formation process instills a sense of responsibility amongst individual team members. Apart from that, the interviewees’ responses indicate that the realization of the obligation to work in a team contributes to the team norm formation process. The participants indicate that individual expectations are taken into consideration during the coordination of the team. The supervisor of the project team also has a crucial role in maintaining team collaboration. Coordination problems arise when an individual team member does not relate his/her academic field with the research topic of the project team. The findings indicate that the leadership distribution in the project teams involves two leadership processes: leadership distribution which is based on the processes that focus on individual team members and leadership distribution which is based on the processes that focus on team interaction. Apart from that, individual tasks serve as a facilitator of collaboration amongst team members. Interviewees also indicate that individual tasks also facilitate the expression of individuality. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project%20teams%20in%20higher%20education" title="project teams in higher education">project teams in higher education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20assistant%20teams" title=" research assistant teams"> research assistant teams</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20collaboration" title=" team collaboration"> team collaboration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20member%20autonomy" title=" team member autonomy"> team member autonomy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38430/understanding-team-member-autonomy-and-team-collaboration-a-qualitative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/38430.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4017</span> Energy Metabolism and Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Muscles of Rats Subjected to Cold Water Immersion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bosiacki%20Mateusz">Bosiacki Mateusz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anna%20Lubkowska"> Anna Lubkowska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dariusz%20Chlubek"> Dariusz Chlubek</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irena%20Baranowska-Bosiacka"> Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Exposure to cold temperatures can be considered a stressor that can lead to adaptive responses. The present study hypothesized the possibility of a positive effect of cold water exercise on mitochondrial biogenesis and muscle energy metabolism in aging rats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of cold water exercise on energy status, purine compounds, and mitochondrial biogenesis in the muscles of aging rats as indicators of the effects of cold water exercise and their usefulness in monitoring adaptive changes. The study was conducted on 64 aging rats of both sexes, 15 months old at the time of the experiment. The rats (male and female separately) were randomly assigned to the following study groups: control, sedentary animals; 5°C groups animals - training swimming in cold water at 5°C; 36°C groups - animals training swimming in water at thermal comfort temperature. The study was conducted with the approval of the Local Ethical Committee for Animal Experiments. The animals in the experiment were subjected to swimming training for 9 weeks. During the first week of the study, the duration of the first swimming training was 2 minutes (on the first day), increasing daily by 0.5 minutes up to 4 minutes on the fifth day of the first week. From the second to the eighth week, the swimming training was 4 minutes per day, five days a week. At the end of the study, forty-eight hours after the last swim training, the animals were dissected. In the skeletal muscle tissue of the thighs of the rats, we determined the concentrations of ATP, ADP, AMP, Ado (HPLC), PGC-1a protein expression (Western blot), PGC1A, Mfn1, Mfn2, Opa1, and Drp1 gene expression (qRT PCR). The study showed that swimming in water at a thermally comfortable temperature improved the energy metabolism of the aging rat muscles by increasing the metabolic rate (increase in ATP, ADP, TAN, AEC) and enhancing mitochondrial fusion (increase in mRNA expression of regulatory proteins Mfn1 and Mfn2). Cold water swimming improved muscle energy metabolism in aging rats by increasing the rate of muscle energy metabolism (increase in ATP, ADP, TAN, AEC concentrations) and enhancing mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics (increase in the mRNA expression of proteins of fusion-regulating factors – Mfn1, Mfn2, and Opa1, and the factor regulating mitochondrial fission – Drp1). The concentration of high-energy compounds and the expression of proteins regulating mitochondrial dynamics in the muscle may be a useful indicator in monitoring adaptive changes occurring in aging muscles under the influence of exercise in cold water. It represents a short-term adaptation to changing environmental conditions and has a beneficial effect on maintaining the bioenergetic capacity of muscles in the long term. Conclusion: exercise in cold water can exert positive effects on energy metabolism, biogenesis and dynamics of mitochondria in aging rat muscles. Enhancement of mitochondrial dynamics under cold water exercise conditions can improve mitochondrial function and optimize the bioenergetic capacity of mitochondria in aging rat muscles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold%20water%20immersion" title="cold water immersion">cold water immersion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20responses" title=" adaptive responses"> adaptive responses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle%20energy%20metabolism" title=" muscle energy metabolism"> muscle energy metabolism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aging" title=" aging"> aging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163000/energy-metabolism-and-mitochondrial-biogenesis-in-muscles-of-rats-subjected-to-cold-water-immersion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4016</span> Analysis of the Feasibility of Using a Solar Spiral Type Water Heater for Swimming Pool Application in Physiotherapy and Sports Centers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G.%20B.%20M.%20Carvalho">G. B. M. Carvalho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20A.%20C.%20Vale"> V. A. C. Vale</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20T.%20L.%20C%C3%B6uras%20Ford"> E. T. L. Cöuras Ford</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A heated pool makes it possible to use it during all hours of the day and in the seasons, especially in physiotherapies and sports centers. However, the cost of installation, operation and maintenance often makes it difficult to deploy. In addition, the current global policy for the use of natural resources from energy sources contradicts the most common means of heating swimming pools, such as the use of gas (Natural Gas and Liquefied Petroleum Gas), the use of firewood or oil and the use of electricity (heat pumps and electrical resistances). In this sense, this work focuses on the use of solar water heaters to be used in swimming pools of physiotherapy centers, in order to analyze their viability for this purpose in view of the costs linked to the medium and/or long term heating. For this, materials of low cost, low weight, easy commercial acquisition were used besides easy manufacture. Parameters such as flow, temperature distribution, efficiency and technical-economic feasibility were evaluated. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heating" title="heating">heating</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water" title=" water"> water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pool" title=" pool"> pool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20energy" title=" solar energy"> solar energy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20collectors" title=" solar collectors"> solar collectors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=temperature" title=" temperature"> temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title=" efficiency"> efficiency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74801/analysis-of-the-feasibility-of-using-a-solar-spiral-type-water-heater-for-swimming-pool-application-in-physiotherapy-and-sports-centers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74801.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4015</span> The Effects of Social Capital and Empowering Leadership on Team Cohesion</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20R.%20Lai">Y. R. Lai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20C.%20Jehng"> J. C. Jehng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20T.%20Chang"> T. T. Chang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Team is a popular job design in the management settings. Because people on a team need to work together to complete a lot of tasks, the interaction between team members strongly influences team effectiveness. The study examines the effect of social capital and empowering leadership on team cohesion. There are three facets of social capital: structural facet, relational facet, and cognitive facet. Empowering leadership includes enhancing the meaningfulness of work, fostering participation in decision making, expressing confidence in high performance, and providing autonomy from bureaucratic constraints. Data were collected from 181 team members of 47 teams in the real estate agency industry. The results show that the relational social capital, enhancing the meaningfulness of work, and providing autonomy from bureaucratic constraints are positively related to two dimensions of team cohesion: sense of belonging and feelings of moral. Additionally, expressing confidence in high performance is negatively related to sense of belonging. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20capital" title="social capital">social capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empowering%20leadership" title=" empowering leadership"> empowering leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20cohesion" title=" team cohesion"> team cohesion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=team%20effectiveness" title=" team effectiveness"> team effectiveness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5048/the-effects-of-social-capital-and-empowering-leadership-on-team-cohesion" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5048.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">422</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4014</span> Factors Associated with Skin Injuries Due to the Use of N95 Masks among Brazilian Nursing Professionals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elucir%20Gir">Elucir Gir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laelson%20Rochelle%20Milan%C3%AAs%20Sousa"> Laelson Rochelle Milanês Sousa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Renata%20Karina%20Reis"> Renata Karina Reis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soraia%20Assad%20Nasbine%20Rabeh"> Soraia Assad Nasbine Rabeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mayra%20Gon%C3%A7alves%20Menegueti"> Mayra Gonçalves Menegueti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Cristina%20de%20Oliveira%20e%20Silva"> Ana Cristina de Oliveira e Silva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sheila%20Ara%C3%BAjo%20Teles"> Sheila Araújo Teles</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Context and significance: Nursing team professionals faced challenges in combating the COVID-19 pandemic around the world. They were subjected to exhausting workloads and prolonged use of Personal Protective Equipment. Using N95 masks for long periods of time can cause skin changes. In this context, health professionals who worked on the front lines of fighting the pandemic were more exposed to possible physical and psychological changes. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the factors associated with skin lesions resulting from the use of N95 masks among nursing team professionals. Method: The study was carried out in all regions of Brazil from October to December 2020, with professionals from the nursing team who worked in health care during the COVID-19 pandemic. Participants were recruited via social media, and information was collected electronically and stored on the Survey Monkey platform. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sample, association tests (Chi-square), with a statistical significance level of p < 0.05. Factors associated with skin lesions resulting from the use of an N95 mask were determined by Binary Logistic Regression, with a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05). Results: 8,405 nursing professionals participated in the study, 5,492 nurses (65.3%), 2,747 nursing technicians (32.7%), and 7,084 females (84.3%). Female nursing team professionals were 1.4 times more likely to develop skin lesions due to the use of N95 masks when compared to males (OR 1.4 [CI95% 1.22 – 1.59] p < 0.001). The following protective factors were identified: nursing technician (ORA 0.608 [CI95% 0.43 – 0.86] p = 0.005) and not having provided assistance in field hospitals for COVID-19 (0.73 [CI95% 0.65-0.81] p<0.000). Conclusion: It was concluded that female nursing team professionals were more likely to have skin changes related to the use of N95 masks. The need for intervention studies is emphasized in order to explore measures to prevent these types of injuries. Descritores: Nursing professionals; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Brazil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20professionals" title="nursing professionals">nursing professionals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=COVID-19" title=" COVID-19"> COVID-19</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SARS-CoV-2" title=" SARS-CoV-2"> SARS-CoV-2</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brazil" title=" Brazil"> Brazil</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163294/factors-associated-with-skin-injuries-due-to-the-use-of-n95-masks-among-brazilian-nursing-professionals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163294.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge 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