CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head > <meta charset="UTF-8" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /> <meta name='robots' content='index, follow, max-image-preview:large, max-snippet:-1, max-video-preview:-1' />  <title>Electron Microscopy Promises to Take Additive Manufacturing to the Next Level - Advancing Materials</title> <meta name="description" content="With the help of electron microscopy, researchers are rapidly improving additive manufacturing processes, leading to a new generation of metal parts." /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/" /> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US" /> <meta property="og:type" content="article" /> <meta property="og:title" content="Electron Microscopy Promises to Take Additive Manufacturing to the Next Level" /> <meta property="og:description" content="With the help of electron microscopy, researchers are rapidly improving additive manufacturing processes, leading to a new generation of metal parts." /> <meta property="og:url" content="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/" /> <meta property="og:site_name" content="Advancing Materials" /> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.facebook.com/thermofisher" /> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2019-03-19T02:11:41+00:00" /> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2022-07-12T18:35:07+00:00" /> <meta property="og:image" content="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2022/04/additive20manufacturing-1-1.png" /> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1072" /> <meta property="og:image:height" content="477" /> <meta property="og:image:type" content="image/png" /> <meta name="author" content="Herman Lemmens" /> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image" /> <meta name="twitter:creator" content="@thermofisher" /> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@thermofisher" /> <meta name="twitter:label1" content="Written by" /> <meta name="twitter:data1" content="Herman Lemmens" /> <meta name="twitter:label2" content="Est. reading time" /> <meta name="twitter:data2" content="4 minutes" /> <script type="application/ld+json" class="yoast-schema-graph">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/","url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/","name":"Electron Microscopy Promises to Take Additive Manufacturing to the Next Level - Advancing Materials","isPartOf":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2022/04/additive20manufacturing-1-1.png","datePublished":"2019-03-19T02:11:41+00:00","dateModified":"2022-07-12T18:35:07+00:00","author":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/#/schema/person/4c754e8101f3649fee5f19c8d3484639"},"description":"With the help of electron microscopy, researchers are rapidly improving additive manufacturing processes, leading to a new generation of metal parts.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/#primaryimage","url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2022/04/additive20manufacturing-1-1.png","contentUrl":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2022/04/additive20manufacturing-1-1.png","width":1072,"height":477},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Electron Microscopy Promises to Take Additive Manufacturing to the Next Level"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/#website","url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/","name":"Advancing Materials","description":"Spectroscopy, spectrometry, and materials science stories and solutions about advancing research and improving product development","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/#/schema/person/4c754e8101f3649fee5f19c8d3484639","name":"Herman Lemmens","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/#/schema/person/image/","url":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8786fc29b0a61503bb4b3e7ac5fcb95b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8786fc29b0a61503bb4b3e7ac5fcb95b?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"Herman Lemmens"},"sameAs":["https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/microscopy"],"url":"https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/author/hermanlemmens/"}]}</script>  <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//www.thermofisher.com' /> <link rel='dns-prefetch' href='//use.fontawesome.com' /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Advancing Materials » Feed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Advancing Materials » Comments Feed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/comments/feed/" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Advancing Materials » Electron Microscopy Promises to Take Additive Manufacturing to the Next Level Comments Feed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/feed/" />  <script src="https://cdn.optimizely.com/js/8156647427.js"></script>  <script> (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:373708,hjsv:5}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'//static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); </script>  <script src="//www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-Q67H40LT30" data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" async></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript"> var mi_version = '9.2.0'; var mi_track_user = true; var mi_no_track_reason = ''; var MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations = {"page_location":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level\/"}; if ( typeof MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter === 'function' ) { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery ) : MonsterInsightsPrivacyGuardFilter( MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations ); } else { var MonsterInsightsLocations = (typeof MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery === 'object') ? MonsterInsightsExcludeQuery : MonsterInsightsDefaultLocations; } var disableStrs = [ 'ga-disable-G-Q67H40LT30', ]; /* Function to detect opted out users */ function __gtagTrackerIsOptedOut() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { if (document.cookie.indexOf(disableStrs[index] + '=true') > -1) { return true; } } return false; } /* Disable tracking if the opt-out cookie exists. */ if (__gtagTrackerIsOptedOut()) { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } /* Opt-out function */ function __gtagTrackerOptout() { for (var index = 0; index < disableStrs.length; index++) { document.cookie = disableStrs[index] + '=true; expires=Thu, 31 Dec 2099 23:59:59 UTC; path=/'; window[disableStrs[index]] = true; } } if ('undefined' === typeof gaOptout) { function gaOptout() { __gtagTrackerOptout(); } } window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; window.MonsterInsightsDualTracker = { helpers: {}, trackers: {}, }; if (mi_track_user) { function __gtagDataLayer() { dataLayer.push(arguments); } function __gtagTracker(type, name, parameters) { if (!parameters) { parameters = {}; } if (parameters.send_to) { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); return; } if (type === 'event') { parameters.send_to = monsterinsights_frontend.v4_id; var hookName = name; if (typeof parameters['event_category'] !== 'undefined') { hookName = parameters['event_category'] + ':' + name; } if (typeof MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName] !== 'undefined') { MonsterInsightsDualTracker.trackers[hookName](parameters); } else { __gtagDataLayer('event', name, parameters); } } else { __gtagDataLayer.apply(null, arguments); } } __gtagTracker('js', new Date()); __gtagTracker('set', { 'developer_id.dZGIzZG': true, }); if ( MonsterInsightsLocations.page_location ) { __gtagTracker('set', MonsterInsightsLocations); } __gtagTracker('config', 'G-Q67H40LT30', {"use_amp_client_id":"true","forceSSL":"true","author":"user-924","category":"breakthroughs-in-materials-science,general","published_at":"2019-03-18T21:11:41-05:00","tags":"3D printing,Additive Manufacturing,Aerospace,Automotive,Electron microscopy,Industry,Manufacturing,Materials,Microscopy2022,Quality control"} ); window.gtag = __gtagTracker; (function () { /* https://developers.google.com/analytics/devguides/collection/analyticsjs/ */ /* ga and __gaTracker compatibility shim. */ var noopfn = function () { return null; }; var newtracker = function () { return new Tracker(); }; var Tracker = function () { return null; }; var p = Tracker.prototype; p.get = noopfn; p.set = noopfn; p.send = function () { var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); args.unshift('send'); __gaTracker.apply(null, args); }; var __gaTracker = function () { var len = arguments.length; if (len === 0) { return; } var f = arguments[len - 1]; if (typeof f !== 'object' || f === null || typeof f.hitCallback !== 'function') { if ('send' === arguments[0]) { var hitConverted, hitObject = false, action; if ('event' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[3]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': arguments[3], 'eventCategory': arguments[2], 'eventLabel': arguments[4], 'value': arguments[5] ? arguments[5] : 1, } } } if ('pageview' === arguments[1]) { if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[2]) { hitObject = { 'eventAction': 'page_view', 'page_path': arguments[2], } } } if (typeof arguments[2] === 'object') { hitObject = arguments[2]; } if (typeof arguments[5] === 'object') { Object.assign(hitObject, arguments[5]); } if ('undefined' !== typeof arguments[1].hitType) { hitObject = arguments[1]; if ('pageview' === hitObject.hitType) { hitObject.eventAction = 'page_view'; } } if (hitObject) { action = 'timing' === arguments[1].hitType ? 'timing_complete' : hitObject.eventAction; hitConverted = mapArgs(hitObject); __gtagTracker('event', action, hitConverted); } } return; } function mapArgs(args) { var arg, hit = {}; var gaMap = { 'eventCategory': 'event_category', 'eventAction': 'event_action', 'eventLabel': 'event_label', 'eventValue': 'event_value', 'nonInteraction': 'non_interaction', 'timingCategory': 'event_category', 'timingVar': 'name', 'timingValue': 'value', 'timingLabel': 'event_label', 'page': 'page_path', 'location': 'page_location', 'title': 'page_title', 'referrer' : 'page_referrer', }; for (arg in args) { if (!(!args.hasOwnProperty(arg) || !gaMap.hasOwnProperty(arg))) { hit[gaMap[arg]] = args[arg]; } else { hit[arg] = args[arg]; } } return hit; } try { f.hitCallback(); } catch (ex) { } }; __gaTracker.create = newtracker; __gaTracker.getByName = newtracker; __gaTracker.getAll = function () { return []; }; __gaTracker.remove = noopfn; __gaTracker.loaded = true; window['__gaTracker'] = __gaTracker; })(); } else { console.log(""); (function () { function __gtagTracker() { return null; } window['__gtagTracker'] = __gtagTracker; window['gtag'] = __gtagTracker; })(); } </script>  <link rel='stylesheet' id='jetpack_related-posts-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/modules/related-posts/related-posts.css?ver=20240116' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='accelerating-science-blogs-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/style.css?ver=1.2.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-block-library-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/css/dist/block-library/style.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mediaelement-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/mediaelement/mediaelementplayer-legacy.min.css?ver=4.2.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='wp-mediaelement-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/mediaelement/wp-mediaelement.min.css?ver=6.6.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='jetpack-sharing-buttons-style-inline-css' type='text/css'> .jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:flex;flex-direction:row;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:0;list-style-type:none;margin:5px;padding:0}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-small-icon-size{font-size:12px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-normal-icon-size{font-size:16px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-large-icon-size{font-size:24px}.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-huge-icon-size{font-size:36px}@media print{.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list{display:none!important}}.editor-styles-wrapper .wp-block-jetpack-sharing-buttons{gap:0;padding-inline-start:0}ul.jetpack-sharing-buttons__services-list.has-background{padding:1.25em 2.375em} </style> <style id='classic-theme-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> /*! This file is auto-generated */ .wp-block-button__link{color:#fff;background-color:#32373c;border-radius:9999px;box-shadow:none;text-decoration:none;padding:calc(.667em + 2px) calc(1.333em + 2px);font-size:1.125em}.wp-block-file__button{background:#32373c;color:#fff;text-decoration:none} </style> <style id='global-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> :root{--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--square: 1;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--4-3: 4/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-4: 3/4;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--3-2: 3/2;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--2-3: 2/3;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--16-9: 16/9;--wp--preset--aspect-ratio--9-16: 9/16;--wp--preset--color--black: #000000;--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray: #abb8c3;--wp--preset--color--white: #ffffff;--wp--preset--color--pale-pink: #f78da7;--wp--preset--color--vivid-red: #cf2e2e;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange: #ff6900;--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber: #fcb900;--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan: #7bdcb5;--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan: #00d084;--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue: #8ed1fc;--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue: #0693e3;--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple: #9b51e0;--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(6,147,227,1) 0%,rgb(155,81,224) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(122,220,180) 0%,rgb(0,208,130) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(252,185,0,1) 0%,rgba(255,105,0,1) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red: linear-gradient(135deg,rgba(255,105,0,1) 0%,rgb(207,46,46) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(238,238,238) 0%,rgb(169,184,195) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(74,234,220) 0%,rgb(151,120,209) 20%,rgb(207,42,186) 40%,rgb(238,44,130) 60%,rgb(251,105,98) 80%,rgb(254,248,76) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,206,236) 0%,rgb(152,150,240) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(254,205,165) 0%,rgb(254,45,45) 50%,rgb(107,0,62) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,203,112) 0%,rgb(199,81,192) 50%,rgb(65,88,208) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(255,245,203) 0%,rgb(182,227,212) 50%,rgb(51,167,181) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(202,248,128) 0%,rgb(113,206,126) 100%);--wp--preset--gradient--midnight: linear-gradient(135deg,rgb(2,3,129) 0%,rgb(40,116,252) 100%);--wp--preset--font-size--small: 13px;--wp--preset--font-size--medium: 20px;--wp--preset--font-size--large: 36px;--wp--preset--font-size--x-large: 42px;--wp--preset--spacing--20: 0.44rem;--wp--preset--spacing--30: 0.67rem;--wp--preset--spacing--40: 1rem;--wp--preset--spacing--50: 1.5rem;--wp--preset--spacing--60: 2.25rem;--wp--preset--spacing--70: 3.38rem;--wp--preset--spacing--80: 5.06rem;--wp--preset--shadow--natural: 6px 6px 9px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--deep: 12px 12px 50px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4);--wp--preset--shadow--sharp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2);--wp--preset--shadow--outlined: 6px 6px 0px -3px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1), 6px 6px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);--wp--preset--shadow--crisp: 6px 6px 0px rgba(0, 0, 0, 1);}:where(.is-layout-flex){gap: 0.5em;}:where(.is-layout-grid){gap: 0.5em;}body .is-layout-flex{display: flex;}.is-layout-flex{flex-wrap: wrap;align-items: center;}.is-layout-flex > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}body .is-layout-grid{display: grid;}.is-layout-grid > :is(*, div){margin: 0;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;}.has-black-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-color{color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-background-color{background-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-black-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--black) !important;}.has-cyan-bluish-gray-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-white-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--white) !important;}.has-pale-pink-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-pink) !important;}.has-vivid-red-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-red) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--luminous-vivid-amber) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--light-green-cyan) !important;}.has-vivid-green-cyan-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-pale-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--pale-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-cyan-blue) !important;}.has-vivid-purple-border-color{border-color: var(--wp--preset--color--vivid-purple) !important;}.has-vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--vivid-cyan-blue-to-vivid-purple) !important;}.has-light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--light-green-cyan-to-vivid-green-cyan) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-amber-to-luminous-vivid-orange) !important;}.has-luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-vivid-orange-to-vivid-red) !important;}.has-very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--very-light-gray-to-cyan-bluish-gray) !important;}.has-cool-to-warm-spectrum-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--cool-to-warm-spectrum) !important;}.has-blush-light-purple-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-light-purple) !important;}.has-blush-bordeaux-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--blush-bordeaux) !important;}.has-luminous-dusk-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--luminous-dusk) !important;}.has-pale-ocean-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--pale-ocean) !important;}.has-electric-grass-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--electric-grass) !important;}.has-midnight-gradient-background{background: var(--wp--preset--gradient--midnight) !important;}.has-small-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--small) !important;}.has-medium-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--medium) !important;}.has-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--large) !important;}.has-x-large-font-size{font-size: var(--wp--preset--font-size--x-large) !important;} :where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-flex){gap: 1.25em;}:where(.wp-block-post-template.is-layout-grid){gap: 1.25em;} :where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-flex){gap: 2em;}:where(.wp-block-columns.is-layout-grid){gap: 2em;} :root :where(.wp-block-pullquote){font-size: 1.5em;line-height: 1.6;} </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mashsb-styles-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/mashsharer/assets/css/mashsb.min.css?ver=4.0.47' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='mashsb-styles-inline-css' type='text/css'> .mashsb-count {color:#555759;}[class^="mashicon-"] .text, [class*=" mashicon-"] .text{ text-indent: -9999px !important; line-height: 0px; display: block; } [class^="mashicon-"] .text:after, [class*=" mashicon-"] .text:after { content: "" !important; text-indent: 0; font-size:13px; display: block !important; } [class^="mashicon-"], [class*=" mashicon-"] { width:25%; text-align: center !important; } [class^="mashicon-"] .icon:before, [class*=" mashicon-"] .icon:before { float:none; margin-right: 0; } .mashsb-buttons a{ margin-right: 3px; margin-bottom:3px; min-width: 0; width: 41px; } .onoffswitch, .onoffswitch-inner:before, .onoffswitch-inner:after .onoffswitch2, .onoffswitch2-inner:before, .onoffswitch2-inner:after { margin-right: 0px; width: 41px; line-height: 41px; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mashnet-styles-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-networks/assets/css/mashnet.min.css?ver=2.5.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='mashsas-styles-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-select-and-share/assets/css/mashsas.min.css?ver=1.0.5' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_reset_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formreset.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_formsmain_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/formsmain.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_ready_class_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/readyclass.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='gforms_browsers_css-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/legacy/css/browsers.min.css?ver=2.8.17' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='globals-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/global-style.css?ver=1.2.9.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bfa-font-awesome-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/all.css?ver=2.0.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <link rel='stylesheet' id='bfa-font-awesome-v4-shim-css' href='https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/css/v4-shims.css?ver=2.0.3' type='text/css' media='all' /> <style id='bfa-font-awesome-v4-shim-inline-css' type='text/css'> @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-brands-400.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); } @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-solid-900.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); } @font-face { font-family: 'FontAwesome'; src: url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.eot?#iefix') format('embedded-opentype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff2') format('woff2'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.woff') format('woff'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.ttf') format('truetype'), url('https://use.fontawesome.com/releases/v5.15.4/webfonts/fa-regular-400.svg#fontawesome') format('svg'); unicode-range: U+F004-F005,U+F007,U+F017,U+F022,U+F024,U+F02E,U+F03E,U+F044,U+F057-F059,U+F06E,U+F070,U+F075,U+F07B-F07C,U+F080,U+F086,U+F089,U+F094,U+F09D,U+F0A0,U+F0A4-F0A7,U+F0C5,U+F0C7-F0C8,U+F0E0,U+F0EB,U+F0F3,U+F0F8,U+F0FE,U+F111,U+F118-F11A,U+F11C,U+F133,U+F144,U+F146,U+F14A,U+F14D-F14E,U+F150-F152,U+F15B-F15C,U+F164-F165,U+F185-F186,U+F191-F192,U+F1AD,U+F1C1-F1C9,U+F1CD,U+F1D8,U+F1E3,U+F1EA,U+F1F6,U+F1F9,U+F20A,U+F247-F249,U+F24D,U+F254-F25B,U+F25D,U+F267,U+F271-F274,U+F279,U+F28B,U+F28D,U+F2B5-F2B6,U+F2B9,U+F2BB,U+F2BD,U+F2C1-F2C2,U+F2D0,U+F2D2,U+F2DC,U+F2ED,U+F328,U+F358-F35B,U+F3A5,U+F3D1,U+F410,U+F4AD; } </style> <link rel='stylesheet' id='boxzilla-css' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/boxzilla/assets/css/styles.css?ver=3.3.1' type='text/css' media='all' /> <script type="text/javascript" id="jetpack_related-posts-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var related_posts_js_options = {"post_heading":"h4"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/jetpack/_inc/build/related-posts/related-posts.min.js?ver=20240116" id="jetpack_related-posts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/google-analytics-premium/assets/js/frontend-gtag.min.js?ver=9.2.0" id="monsterinsights-frontend-script-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script data-cfasync="false" data-wpfc-render="false" type="text/javascript" id='monsterinsights-frontend-script-js-extra'>/* <![CDATA[ */ var monsterinsights_frontend = {"js_events_tracking":"true","download_extensions":"doc,pdf,ppt,zip,xls,docx,pptx,xlsx","inbound_paths":"[]","home_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials","hash_tracking":"false","v4_id":"G-Q67H40LT30"};/* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery.min.js?ver=3.7.1" id="jquery-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/jquery-migrate.min.js?ver=3.4.1" id="jquery-migrate-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashsb-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashsb = {"shares":"0","round_shares":"1","animate_shares":"0","dynamic_buttons":"0","share_url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/materials\/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level\/","title":"Electron+Microscopy+Promises+to+Take+Additive+Manufacturing+to+the+Next+Level","image":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/additive20manufacturing-1-1.png","desc":"Additive manufacturing is expected to revolutionize manufacturing across a wide range of industries. McKinsey & Co. calls the technique \u201ca long-term game changer for manufacturers\u201d and predicts the overall economic impact will reach $100 billion \u2026","hashtag":"thermofisher","subscribe":"content","subscribe_url":"","activestatus":"1","singular":"1","twitter_popup":"1","refresh":"1","nonce":"c2e6b09adb","postid":"12795","servertime":"1732357785","ajaxurl":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/wp-admin\/admin-ajax.php"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/mashsharer/assets/js/mashsb.min.js?ver=4.0.47" id="mashsb-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-google-analytics/assets/js/mashga.min.js?ver=1.0.9" id="mashga-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashnet-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashnet = {"body":"Check out this article I just read:","subject":"Check out this article from Accelerating Science","pinterest_select":"1","pinterest_image":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/additive20manufacturing-1-1.png","pinterest_desc":"Additive manufacturing is expected to revolutionize manufacturing across a wide range of industries. McKinsey & Co. calls the technique \u201ca long-term game changer for manufacturers\u201d and predicts the overall economic impact will reach $100 billion \u2026"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-networks/assets/js/mashnet.min.js?ver=2.5.3" id="mashnet-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/underscore.min.js?ver=1.13.4" id="underscore-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/backbone.min.js?ver=1.5.0" id="backbone-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-api-js-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var WP_API_Settings = {"root":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials","nonce":"8e838958fa"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/wp-search-live/public/assets/js/util--wp-api.js?ver=0.9" id="wp-api-js-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="mashsas-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var mashsas = {"minchars":"10","appid":"1603510369972799","facebook":"1","twitter":"1","mail":"1"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/mashshare-select-and-share/assets/js/mashsas.min.js?ver=1.0.5" id="mashsas-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/jquery.json.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_json-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gf_global = {"gf_currency_config":{"name":"U.S. Dollar","symbol_left":"$","symbol_right":"","symbol_padding":"","thousand_separator":",","decimal_separator":".","decimals":2,"code":"USD"},"base_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms","number_formats":[],"spinnerUrl":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images\/spinner.svg","version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea","strings":{"newRowAdded":"New row added.","rowRemoved":"Row removed","formSaved":"The form has been saved. The content contains the link to return and complete the form."}}; var gform_i18n = {"datepicker":{"days":{"monday":"Mo","tuesday":"Tu","wednesday":"We","thursday":"Th","friday":"Fr","saturday":"Sa","sunday":"Su"},"months":{"january":"January","february":"February","march":"March","april":"April","may":"May","june":"June","july":"July","august":"August","september":"September","october":"October","november":"November","december":"December"},"firstDay":1,"iconText":"Select date"}}; var gf_legacy_multi = {"1":"1","2":"1"}; var gform_gravityforms = {"strings":{"invalid_file_extension":"This type of file is not allowed. Must be one of the following:","delete_file":"Delete this file","in_progress":"in progress","file_exceeds_limit":"File exceeds size limit","illegal_extension":"This type of file is not allowed.","max_reached":"Maximum number of files reached","unknown_error":"There was a problem while saving the file on the server","currently_uploading":"Please wait for the uploading to complete","cancel":"Cancel","cancel_upload":"Cancel this upload","cancelled":"Cancelled"},"vars":{"images_url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/images"}}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/gravityforms.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_gravityforms-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/chosen.jquery.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_chosen-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/utils.min.js?ver=50c7bea9c2320e16728e44ae9fde5f26" id="gform_gravityforms_utils-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/js/single-scripts.js?ver=1.2.9.3" id="single-scripts-js"></script> <link rel="https://api.w.org/" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-json/" /><link rel="alternate" title="JSON" type="application/json" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-json/wp/v2/posts/12795" /><link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" title="RSD" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/xmlrpc.php?rsd" /> <link rel='shortlink' href='https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/?p=12795' /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (JSON)" type="application/json+oembed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Fmaterials%2Felectron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level%2F" /> <link rel="alternate" title="oEmbed (XML)" type="text/xml+oembed" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-json/oembed/1.0/embed?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Fmaterials%2Felectron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level%2F&format=xml" /> <meta property="ia:markup_url" content="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/?ia_markup=1" />  <link rel="icon" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/images/favicon.ico" />  <script> !function(f,b,e,v,n,t,s){if(f.fbq)return;n=f.fbq=function(){n.callMethod? n.callMethod.apply(n,arguments):n.queue.push(arguments)};if(!f._fbq)f._fbq=n; n.push=n;n.loaded=!0;n.version='2.0';n.queue=[];t=b.createElement(e);t.async=!0; t.src=v;s=b.getElementsByTagName(e)[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(t,s)}(window, document,'script','https://connect.facebook.net/en_US/fbevents.js'); fbq('init', '305572349637096'); fbq('track', "PageView");</script> <noscript><img height="1" width="1" style="display:none" src="https://www.facebook.com/tr?id=305572349637096&ev=PageView&noscript=1" /></noscript>  <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"BlogPosting","mainEntityofPage":{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/blog\/materials\/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level\/"},"headline":"Electron Microscopy Promises to Take Additive Manufacturing to the Next Level","datePublished":"03\/18\/2019","dateModified":"03\/18\/2019","publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Thermo Fisher Scientific","URL":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/us\/en\/home.html","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.thermofisher.com\/content\/dam\/LifeTech\/Images\/Header\/logo-color.png"}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/7\/2022\/04\/additive20manufacturing-1-1.png","width":1072,"height":477},"keywords":"3D printing, Additive Manufacturing, Aerospace, Automotive, Electron microscopy, Industry, Manufacturing, Materials, Microscopy2022, Quality control, ","author":{"@type":"Person","name":"Herman Lemmens"}} </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/etc/designs/lifetech/clientlibs/digitaldata.js" defer="defer"></script> <script id="tagmanager" type="text/javascript" src='https://assets.adobedtm.com/launch-ENeecb77f1160a4928a492ff040f7110c7.min.js' defer="defer"></script> <script> (function($) { $(document).ready(function() { digitalData.setPageType('blog'); }) })(jQuery); </script> </head> <body class="post-template-default single single-post postid-12795 single-format-standard header-image full-width-content genesis-breadcrumbs-visible"><div class="site-container"><header class="site-header"><div class="wrap"><div class="title-area"><p class="site-title"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/" title="Thermo Fisher Scientific">Thermo Fisher Scientific</a></p><p class="site-description">Spectroscopy, spectrometry, and materials science stories and solutions about advancing research and improving product development</p></div><div class="widget-area header-widget-area"><section id="nav_menu-2" class="widget widget_nav_menu"><div class="widget-wrap"><nav class="nav-header"><ul id="menu-main-menu" class="menu genesis-nav-menu"><li id="menu-item-15" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-has-children menu-item-15"><a><span >Categories</span></a> <ul class="sub-menu"> <li id="menu-item-22" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-22"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/"><span >Advancing Materials</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-21" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-21"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/mining/"><span >Advancing Mining</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-13531" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13531"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/analyteguru/"><span >AnalyteGuru</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-20" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-20"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/metals/"><span >Analyzing Metals</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-10422" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10422"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/ask-a-scientist/"><span >Ask a Scientist</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-16" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-16"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/behindthebench/"><span >Behind the Bench</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-13397" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13397"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/biotechnology/"><span >Biotech at Scale</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-13073" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13073"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/clinical-conversations/"><span >Clinical Conversations</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-19" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-19"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/food/"><span >Examining Food</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-9641" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9641"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/identifying-threats/"><span >Identifying Threats</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-13082" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13082"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/semiconductors/"><span >Illuminating Semiconductors</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-13083" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13083"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/atomic-resolution/"><span >Life in Atomic Resolution</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-9639" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-9639"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/life-in-the-lab/"><span >Life in the Lab</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-13074" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-13074"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/oempowered/"><span >OEMpowered</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-10372" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-10372"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/connectedlab/"><span >The Connected Lab</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li id="menu-item-24" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-24"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/about-us/"><span >About Us</span></a></li> <li id="menu-item-25" class="menu-item menu-item-type-custom menu-item-object-custom menu-item-25"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/contact-us/?site=polymers"><span >Contact</span></a></li> </ul></nav></div></section> </div><div class="breadcrumb"><span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/?">Accelerating Science</a></span><span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a class="breadcrumb-link" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/"><span class="breadcrumb-link-text-wrap">Advancing Materials</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-link-wrap"><a class="breadcrumb-link" href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/breakthroughs-in-materials-science/"><span class="breadcrumb-link-text-wrap">Breakthroughs in Materials Science</span></a><meta ></span> <span aria-label="breadcrumb separator">/</span> <span class="breadcrumb-current-title">Electron Microscopy Promises to Take Additive Manufacturing to the Next Level</span></div></div></header><div class="site-inner"><div class="content-sidebar-wrap"><main class="content"><article class="post-12795 post type-post status-publish format-standard has-post-thumbnail category-breakthroughs-in-materials-science category-general tag-3d-printing tag-additive-manufacturing tag-aerospace tag-automotive tag-electron-microscopy tag-industry tag-manufacturing tag-materials tag-microscopy2022 tag-quality-control entry" aria-label="Electron Microscopy Promises to Take Additive Manufacturing to the Next Level"><header class="entry-header"><h1 class="entry-title">Electron Microscopy Promises to Take Additive Manufacturing to the Next Level</h1> <span class="post-info-author"> By <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/author/hermanlemmens/" title="Posts by Herman Lemmens" rel="author">Herman Lemmens</a> </span> <span class="post-info-date"> 03.18.2019 </span> </header><div class="entry-content"><p>Additive manufacturing is expected to revolutionize manufacturing across a wide range of industries. McKinsey & Co. calls the technique “<a href="https://ter.li/b6kvp0">a long-term game changer for manufacturers</a>” and predicts the overall economic impact will reach $100 billion to $250 billion by 2025.</p> <p>As additive manufacturing continues to develop, electron microscopy can help bring this methodology into the mainstream by offering manufacturers the quality control and materials characterization they need for their additive manufacturing processes. Today, metal represents the fastest-growing segment of the additive manufacturing industry, and electron microscopy is playing a key role.</p> <p>So what exactly is additive manufacturing? Unlike traditional subtractive manufacturing, in which manufacturers gradually shave off pieces of a metal block to achieve a desired part, <a href="https://ter.li/af6yxv">additive manufacturing involves joining together materials layer by layer</a>. The process, also referred to as 3D printing, starts with computer-assisted design (CAD) software that creates a 3D model. Software is then used to break that model down into individual layers, and instructions for each layer are sent to a 3D printer. The 3D printer then builds the part by adding layers of metal powder, which are melted into a solid, integrated piece.</p> <h2><strong>A new generation of manufacturing</strong></h2> <p>Additive manufacturing allows manufacturers to build parts that are too complex using traditional methodologies. A great example is the inner channels of a fuel injector nozzle. The manufacturing method is also ideal when only a few parts are needed and it isn’t cost-effective to make a mold using traditional casting processes. In the case of medical implants, additive manufacturing is a true revolution as each implant can be exactly tailored to each patient’s specific body and needs.</p> <p>As manufacturers turn to additive manufacturing to build metal objects, electron microscopy can help to improve their processes by making it possible to discover tiny defects that cause parts to corrode or break over time. Among the institutions that are using electron microscopy to advance additive manufacturing is the <a href="https://ter.li/vvpg33">University of Connecticut</a>, where they use electron microscopy to identify defects during the additive manufacturing process. By examining a test metal part using both a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope, for instance, researchers were able to trace the defect to impurities in the metal powder used in the 3D printer. This kind of multi-scale multi-modal imaging workflow is crucial to understand the fundamentals of how defects and microstructures form during printing.</p> <p><img decoding="async" style="margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2022/04/additive20manufacturing-1.png" /></p> <p style="text-align: center"><em>Using a Thermo Fisher Explorer scanning electron microscope, researchers at the University of Connecticut were able to analyze the size and composition of metal powders. </em></p> <p>With the help of electron microscopy, manufacturers can also develop heterogeneous metal objects with very precise characteristics. With traditional metallurgy, manufacturers typically start with a homogeneous block of metal, leading to a homogeneous final part. By contrast, additive manufacturing allows for the creation of heterogeneous parts using different metal powders to obtain the exact qualities desired, for example, a metal part that’s heat and corrosion-resistant near the edge, but highly durable in the middle. This innovative way of 3D printing is being developed, and it relies on electron microscopy to reveal the microstructures and interfaces between layers with different characteristics.</p> <p>Electron microscopy also helps manufacturers optimize the microstructure of metal parts. Current metal processing standards such as heat treatments are based on traditional steel making. Parts built using additive manufacturing respond differently to these thermomechanical processes, and the microstructures and mechanical properties are different. Electron microscopy is crucial to understanding these microstructures and defining standards that are better adapted to 3D printing. Scanning electron microscopy with electron backscatter diffraction offers key insights into grain growth, while transmission electron microscopes reveal exactly how precipitations are formed in precipitation hardening 3D printed alloys..</p> <h2><strong>Metal parts precisely tailored to specific needs</strong></h2> <p>As additive manufacturing evolves, the technique is poised to change the manufacturing landscape. In the aerospace and automotive industries, for example, additive manufacturing is paving the way to more precise, lighter-weight parts that increase fuel efficiency and reduce carbon dioxide emissions. And in the medical device industry, the methodology is leading to surgical implants, dental crowns, and hearing aids that are more precisely tailored to the needs of individual patients.</p> <p><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter" style="margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2022/04/additive-manufacturing-titanium-3d-printed-limbs.jpg" /></p> <p style="text-align: center"><em>A titanium 3D-printed limb designed by William Root</em></p> <p>With the help of electron microscopy, researchers are rapidly improving additive manufacturing processes, leading to a new generation of metal parts that are safer, more durable, and more customizable than was previously possible.</p> <p>To learn more about how Thermo Fisher and the University of Connecticut are partnering to advance additive manufacturing, <a href="https://ter.li/j3922h">watch the webinar</a>.</p> <p><a href="http://bit.ly/2FhbZUn" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><img decoding="async" class="aligncenter" style="margin-left: auto;margin-right: auto" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2022/04/additive-manufacturing-CTA.jpg" /></a></p> <p><em>Herman Lemmens, PhD, is a Business Development Manager, Industry at Thermo Fisher Scientific.</em></p> <p>To learn more about additive manufacturing, <a href="https://ter.li/u79vru">fill out this form</a> to speak with an expert.</p> <aside class="mashsb-container mashsb-main "><div class="mashsb_above_buttons">Share this article </div><div class="mashsb-box"><div class="mashsb-buttons"><a class="mashicon-facebook mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://www.facebook.com/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Fmaterials%2Felectron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level%2F" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Facebook</span></a><a class="mashicon-linkedin mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://www.linkedin.com/shareArticle?trk=Electron+Microscopy+Promises+to+Take+Additive+Manufacturing+to+the+Next+Level&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Fmaterials%2Felectron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level%2F" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Linkedin</span></a><a class="mashicon-twitter mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="https://twitter.com/intent/tweet?text=Electron%20Microscopy%20Promises%20to%20Take%20Additive%20Manufacturing%20to%20the%20Next%20Level&url=https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/?p=12795&via=thermofisher" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Twitter</span></a><a class="mashicon-mail mash-large mashsb-noshadow" href="mailto:?subject=Check%20out%20this%20article%20from%20Accelerating%20Science&body=Check%20out%20this%20article%20I%20just%20read%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.thermofisher.com%2Fblog%2Fmaterials%2Felectron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level%2F" target="_top" rel="nofollow"><span class="icon"></span><span class="text">Mail</span></a><div class="onoffswitch2 mash-large mashsb-noshadow" style="display:none"></div></div> </div> <div style="clear:both"></div><div class="mashsb-toggle-container"></div></aside> </div></article> <div id="respond" class="comment-respond"> <h3 id="reply-title" class="comment-reply-title">Leave a Reply <small><a rel="nofollow" id="cancel-comment-reply-link" href="/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/#respond" style="display:none;">Cancel reply</a></small></h3><form action="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-comments-post.php" method="post" id="commentform" class="comment-form" novalidate><p class="comment-notes"><span id="email-notes">Your email address will not be published.</span> <span class="required-field-message">Required fields are marked <span class="required">*</span></span></p><p class="comment-form-comment"><label for="comment">Comment <span class="required">*</span></label> <textarea id="comment" name="comment" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="65525" required></textarea></p><p class="comment-form-author"><label for="author">Name <span class="required">*</span></label> <input id="author" name="author" type="text" value="" size="30" maxlength="245" autocomplete="name" required /></p> <p class="comment-form-email"><label for="email">Email <span class="required">*</span></label> <input id="email" name="email" type="email" value="" size="30" maxlength="100" aria-describedby="email-notes" autocomplete="email" required /></p> <p class="comment-form-url"><label for="url">Website</label> <input id="url" name="url" type="url" value="" size="30" maxlength="200" autocomplete="url" /></p> <p class="form-submit"><input name="submit" type="submit" id="submit" class="submit" value="Post Comment" /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_post_ID' value='12795' id='comment_post_ID' /> <input type='hidden' name='comment_parent' id='comment_parent' value='0' /> </p><p style="display: none;"><input type="hidden" id="akismet_comment_nonce" name="akismet_comment_nonce" value="5f81e67599" /></p><p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_2" name="ak_js" value="21"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_2" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div> <div class="adjacent-entry-pagination pagination"><div class="pagination-previous alignleft"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-left"></i> <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/https-www-thermofisher-com-blog/" rel="prev">It’s a Great IDEA to Attend the Nonwoven Event of the Season</a></div><div class="pagination-next alignright"><a href="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/what-changed-a-comprehensive-analysis-of-polymeric-failure/" rel="next">What changed? A comprehensive analysis of polymeric failure</a> <i class="fa fa-icon fa-chevron-right"></i></div></div></main></div></div><footer class="site-footer"><div class="wrap"><div class="creds"><p class="footer-links"><a href="https://corporate.thermofisher.com/en/footer/privacy-statement.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Privacy Statement</a><a href="https://corporate.thermofisher.com/en/footer/terms-and-conditions.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Terms & Conditions</a><a href="/blog/locations/">Locations</a><a href="/blog/sitemap/">Sitemap</a></p><p>© 2024 <a href="https://www.thermofisher.com">Thermo Fisher Scientific</a>. All Rights Reserved.</p></div><span class="social-links"><p>Talk to us</p><a href="https://www.facebook.com/thermofisher" class="facebook" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-facebook"></i></a><a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/thermo-fisher-scientific" class="linkedin" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-linkedin"></i></a><a href="https://twitter.com/thermofisher" class="twitter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-twitter"></i></a><a href="https://www.youtube.com/c/thermofisher" class="youtube" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><i class="fa fa-icon fa-youtube"></i></a></span></div></footer></div><div style="display: none;"><div id="boxzilla-box-9626-content"><p><h4>Get news and research reviews on the topic of your choice, right in your inbox.</h4> </p> <p><a id="subscribe" class="button" href="#">Subscribe Now</a></p> <div id="subscribe-form"> <div class='gf_browser_ie gf_browser_ie7 gform_wrapper gform_legacy_markup_wrapper gform-theme--no-framework' data-form-theme='legacy' data-form-index='1' id='gform_wrapper_1' ><form method='post' enctype='multipart/form-data' id='gform_1' action='/blog/materials/electron-microscopy-promises-to-take-additive-manufacturing-to-the-next-level/' formid='1'> <div class='gform-body gform_body'><ul id='gform_fields_1' class='gform_fields top_label form_sublabel_above description_below validation_below'><li id="field_1_4" class="gfield gfield--type-text first-name field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_4" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_4'>First Name</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_4' id='input_1_4' type='text' value='' class='large' placeholder='First Name' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_5" class="gfield gfield--type-text last-name field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_5" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_5'>Last Name</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_5' id='input_1_5' type='text' value='' class='large' placeholder='Last Name' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_2" class="gfield gfield--type-email email gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_2" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_2'>Email<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_email'> <input name='input_2' id='input_1_2' type='email' value='' class='large' placeholder='Email' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_6" class="gfield gfield--type-text company field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_6" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_6'>Company</label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_6' id='input_1_6' type='text' value='' class='large' placeholder='Company' aria-invalid="false" /> </div></li><li id="field_1_7" class="gfield gfield--type-select country gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_7" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_7'>Select your country/region<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_7' id='input_1_7' class='large gfield_select' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Select your country/region</option><option value='United States' >United States</option><option value='Canada' >Canada</option><option value='Afghanistan' >Afghanistan</option><option value='Albania' >Albania</option><option value='Algeria' >Algeria</option><option value='American Samoa' >American Samoa</option><option value='Andorra' >Andorra</option><option value='Angola' >Angola</option><option value='Anguilla' >Anguilla</option><option value='Antarctica' >Antarctica</option><option value='Antigua and Barbuda' >Antigua and Barbuda</option><option value='Argentina' >Argentina</option><option value='Armenia' >Armenia</option><option value='Aruba' >Aruba</option><option value='Australia' >Australia</option><option value='Austria' >Austria</option><option value='Azerbaijan' >Azerbaijan</option><option value='Bahamas' >Bahamas</option><option value='Bahrain' >Bahrain</option><option value='Bangladesh' >Bangladesh</option><option value='Barbados' >Barbados</option><option value='Belarus' >Belarus</option><option value='Belgium' >Belgium</option><option value='Belize' >Belize</option><option value='Benin' >Benin</option><option value='Bermuda' >Bermuda</option><option value='Bhutan' >Bhutan</option><option value='Bolivia' >Bolivia</option><option value='Bosnia and Herzegovina' >Bosnia and Herzegovina</option><option value='Botswana' >Botswana</option><option value='Bouvet Island' >Bouvet Island</option><option value='Brazil' >Brazil</option><option value='British Indian Ocean Territory' >British Indian Ocean Territory</option><option value='Brunei Darussalam' >Brunei Darussalam</option><option value='Bulgaria' >Bulgaria</option><option value='Burkina Faso' >Burkina Faso</option><option value='Burundi' >Burundi</option><option value='Cambodia' >Cambodia</option><option value='Cameroon' >Cameroon</option><option value='Cape Verde' >Cape Verde</option><option value='Cayman Islands' >Cayman Islands</option><option value='Central African Republic' >Central African Republic</option><option value='Chad' >Chad</option><option value='Chile' >Chile</option><option value='China' >China</option><option value='Christmas Island' >Christmas Island</option><option value='Cocos (Keeling) Islands' >Cocos (Keeling) Islands</option><option value='Colombia' >Colombia</option><option value='Comoros' >Comoros</option><option value='Congo' >Congo</option><option value='Congo, The Democratic Republic of' >Congo, The Democratic Republic of</option><option value='Cook Islands' >Cook Islands</option><option value='Costa Rica' >Costa Rica</option><option value='Cote D'Ivoire' >Cote D'Ivoire</option><option value='Croatia' >Croatia</option><option value='Cuba' >Cuba</option><option value='Cyprus' >Cyprus</option><option value='Czech Republic' >Czech Republic</option><option value='Denmark' >Denmark</option><option value='Djibouti' >Djibouti</option><option value='Dominica' >Dominica</option><option value='Dominican Republic' >Dominican Republic</option><option value='East Timor' >East Timor</option><option value='Ecuador' >Ecuador</option><option value='Egypt' >Egypt</option><option value='El Salvador' >El Salvador</option><option value='Equatorial Guinea' >Equatorial Guinea</option><option value='Eritrea' >Eritrea</option><option value='Estonia' >Estonia</option><option value='Ethiopia' >Ethiopia</option><option value='Falkland Islands (Malvinas)' >Falkland Islands (Malvinas)</option><option value='Faroe Islands' >Faroe Islands</option><option value='Fiji' >Fiji</option><option value='Finland' >Finland</option><option value='Fmr Yugoslav Rep of Macedonia' >Fmr Yugoslav Rep of Macedonia</option><option value='France' >France</option><option value='French Guiana' >French Guiana</option><option value='French Polynesia' >French Polynesia</option><option value='French Southern Territories' >French Southern Territories</option><option value='Gabon' >Gabon</option><option value='Gambia' >Gambia</option><option value='Georgia' >Georgia</option><option value='Germany' >Germany</option><option value='Ghana' >Ghana</option><option value='Gibraltar' >Gibraltar</option><option value='Greece' >Greece</option><option value='Greenland' >Greenland</option><option value='Grenada' >Grenada</option><option value='Guadeloupe' >Guadeloupe</option><option value='Guam' >Guam</option><option value='Guatemala' >Guatemala</option><option value='Guinea' >Guinea</option><option value='Guinea-Bissau' >Guinea-Bissau</option><option value='Guyana' >Guyana</option><option value='Haiti' >Haiti</option><option value='Heard and McDonald Islands' >Heard and McDonald Islands</option><option value='Holy See (Vatican City State)' >Holy See (Vatican City State)</option><option value='Honduras' >Honduras</option><option value='Hong Kong' >Hong Kong</option><option value='Hungary' >Hungary</option><option value='Iceland' >Iceland</option><option value='India' >India</option><option value='Indonesia' >Indonesia</option><option value='Iran (Islamic Republic Of)' >Iran (Islamic Republic Of)</option><option value='Iraq' >Iraq</option><option value='Ireland' >Ireland</option><option value='Israel' >Israel</option><option value='Italy' >Italy</option><option value='Jamaica' >Jamaica</option><option value='Japan' >Japan</option><option value='Jordan' >Jordan</option><option value='Kazakstan' >Kazakstan</option><option value='Kenya' >Kenya</option><option value='Kiribati' >Kiribati</option><option value='Korea, Democratic People's Rep' >Korea, Democratic People's Rep</option><option value='Korea, Republic of' >Korea, Republic of</option><option value='Kuwait' >Kuwait</option><option value='Kyrgyzstan' >Kyrgyzstan</option><option value='Lao People's Democratic Rep' >Lao People's Democratic Rep</option><option value='Latvia' >Latvia</option><option value='Lebanon' >Lebanon</option><option value='Lesotho' >Lesotho</option><option value='Liberia' >Liberia</option><option value='Libyan Arab Jamahiriya' >Libyan Arab Jamahiriya</option><option value='Liechtenstein' >Liechtenstein</option><option value='Lithuania' >Lithuania</option><option value='Luxembourg' >Luxembourg</option><option value='Macau' >Macau</option><option value='Madagascar' >Madagascar</option><option value='Malawi' >Malawi</option><option value='Malaysia' >Malaysia</option><option value='Maldives' >Maldives</option><option value='Mali' >Mali</option><option value='Malta' >Malta</option><option value='Marshall Islands' >Marshall Islands</option><option value='Martinique' >Martinique</option><option value='Mauritania' >Mauritania</option><option value='Mauritius' >Mauritius</option><option value='Mayotte' >Mayotte</option><option value='Mexico' >Mexico</option><option value='Micronesia, Federated States' >Micronesia, Federated States</option><option value='Moldova, Republic of' >Moldova, Republic of</option><option value='Monaco' >Monaco</option><option value='Mongolia' >Mongolia</option><option value='Montserrat' >Montserrat</option><option value='Morocco' >Morocco</option><option value='Mozambique' >Mozambique</option><option value='Myanmar' >Myanmar</option><option value='Namibia' >Namibia</option><option value='Nauru' >Nauru</option><option value='Nepal' >Nepal</option><option value='Netherlands' >Netherlands</option><option value='Netherlands Antilles' >Netherlands Antilles</option><option value='New Caledonia' >New Caledonia</option><option value='New Zealand' >New Zealand</option><option value='Nicaragua' >Nicaragua</option><option value='Niger' >Niger</option><option value='Nigeria' >Nigeria</option><option value='Niue' >Niue</option><option value='Norfolk Island' >Norfolk Island</option><option value='Northern Mariana Islands' >Northern Mariana Islands</option><option value='Norway' >Norway</option><option value='Oman' >Oman</option><option value='Pakistan' >Pakistan</option><option value='Palau' >Palau</option><option value='Panama' >Panama</option><option value='Papua New Guinea' >Papua New Guinea</option><option value='Paraguay' >Paraguay</option><option value='Peru' >Peru</option><option value='Philippines' >Philippines</option><option value='Pitcairn' >Pitcairn</option><option value='Poland' >Poland</option><option value='Portugal' >Portugal</option><option value='Puerto Rico' >Puerto Rico</option><option value='Qatar' >Qatar</option><option value='Reunion' >Reunion</option><option value='Romania' >Romania</option><option value='Russian Federation' >Russian Federation</option><option value='Rwanda' >Rwanda</option><option value='Saint Helena' >Saint Helena</option><option value='Saint Kitts and Nevis' >Saint Kitts and Nevis</option><option value='Saint Lucia' >Saint Lucia</option><option value='Saint Pierre and Miquelon' >Saint Pierre and Miquelon</option><option value='Samoa' >Samoa</option><option value='San Marino' >San Marino</option><option value='Sao Tome and Principe' >Sao Tome and Principe</option><option value='Saudi Arabia' >Saudi Arabia</option><option value='Senegal' >Senegal</option><option value='Seychelles' >Seychelles</option><option value='Sierra Leone' >Sierra Leone</option><option value='Singapore' >Singapore</option><option value='Slovakia' >Slovakia</option><option value='Slovenia' >Slovenia</option><option value='Solomon Islands' >Solomon Islands</option><option value='Somalia' >Somalia</option><option value='South Africa' >South Africa</option><option value='Spain' >Spain</option><option value='Sri Lanka' >Sri Lanka</option><option value='Sth Georgia & Sth Sandwich Is' >Sth Georgia & Sth Sandwich Is</option><option value='St Vincent and the Grenadines' >St Vincent and the Grenadines</option><option value='Sudan' >Sudan</option><option value='Suriname' >Suriname</option><option value='Svalbard and Jan Mayen' >Svalbard and Jan Mayen</option><option value='Swaziland' >Swaziland</option><option value='Sweden' >Sweden</option><option value='Switzerland' >Switzerland</option><option value='Syrian Arab Republic' >Syrian Arab Republic</option><option value='Taiwan, Province of China' >Taiwan, Province of China</option><option value='Tajikistan' >Tajikistan</option><option value='Tanzania, United Republic of' >Tanzania, United Republic of</option><option value='Thailand' >Thailand</option><option value='Togo' >Togo</option><option value='Tokelau' >Tokelau</option><option value='Tonga' >Tonga</option><option value='Trinidad and Tobago' >Trinidad and Tobago</option><option value='Tunisia' >Tunisia</option><option value='Turkey' >Turkey</option><option value='Turkmenistan' >Turkmenistan</option><option value='Turks and Caicos Islands' >Turks and Caicos Islands</option><option value='Tuvalu' >Tuvalu</option><option value='Uganda' >Uganda</option><option value='Ukraine' >Ukraine</option><option value='United Arab Emirates' >United Arab Emirates</option><option value='United Kingdom' >United Kingdom</option><option value='Uruguay' >Uruguay</option><option value='US Minor Outlying Islands' >US Minor Outlying Islands</option><option value='Uzbekistan' >Uzbekistan</option><option value='Vanuatu' >Vanuatu</option><option value='Venezuela' >Venezuela</option><option value='Vietnam' >Vietnam</option><option value='Virgin Islands (British)' >Virgin Islands (British)</option><option value='Virgin Islands (U.S.)' >Virgin Islands (U.S.)</option><option value='Wallis and Futuna Islands' >Wallis and Futuna Islands</option><option value='Western Sahara' >Western Sahara</option><option value='Yemen' >Yemen</option><option value='Yugoslavia' >Yugoslavia</option><option value='Zambia' >Zambia</option><option value='Zimbabwe' >Zimbabwe</option></select></div></li><li id="field_1_8" class="gfield gfield--type-select sub-category gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_8" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text' for='input_1_8'>Pick a category<span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_select'><select name='input_8' id='input_1_8' class='large gfield_select' aria-required="true" aria-invalid="false" ><option value='' selected='selected' class='gf_placeholder'>Pick a category</option><option value='Accelerating Microscopy' >Accelerating Microscopy</option><option value='Advancing Materials' selected='selected'>Advancing Materials</option><option value='Advancing Mining' >Advancing Mining</option><option value='Analyzing Metals' >Analyzing Metals</option><option value='Behind the Bench' >Behind the Bench</option><option value='Examining Food' >Examining Food</option><option value='Identifying Threats' >Identifying Threats</option><option value='Life in the Lab' >Life in the Lab</option><option value='The Connected Lab' >The Connected Lab</option></select></div></li><li id="field_1_9" class="gfield gfield--type-checkbox gfield--type-choice gfield_contains_required field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_9" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label screen-reader-text gfield_label_before_complex' ><span class="gfield_required"><span class="gfield_required gfield_required_asterisk">*</span></span></label><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_checkbox'><ul class='gfield_checkbox' id='input_1_9'><li class='gchoice gchoice_1_9_1'> <input class='gfield-choice-input' name='input_9.1' type='checkbox' value='1' id='choice_1_9_1' /> <label for='choice_1_9_1' id='label_1_9_1' class='gform-field-label gform-field-label--type-inline'>I would like to receive information about content, events, products, services and promotions from Thermo Fisher Scientific and its affiliates. I agree for the Thermo Fisher Scientific group (thermofisher.com/legalentities) to contact me by email and/or telephone to inform me of events, products, services and/or promotions offered in connection with the brands Thermo Scientific™, Applied Biosystems™, Invitrogen™, Gibco™, Ion Torrent ™, Unity Lab Services™, Fisher Scientifc™. I can withdraw my consent and unsubscribe at any time by emailing reply@thermofisher.com By submitting my data, I give consent to the collection, processing and use of my personal data in accordance with the Thermo Fisher Scientific Policy (thermofisher.com/privacypolicy).</label> </li></ul></div></li><li id="field_1_10" class="gfield gfield--type-hidden gform_hidden field_sublabel_above gfield--no-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_10" ><div class='ginput_container ginput_container_text'><input name='input_10' id='input_1_10' type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' aria-invalid="false" value='' /></div></li><li id="field_1_11" class="gfield gfield--type-honeypot gform_validation_container field_sublabel_above gfield--has-description field_description_below field_validation_below gfield_visibility_visible" data-js-reload="field_1_11" ><label class='gfield_label gform-field-label' for='input_1_11'>Phone</label><div class='ginput_container'><input name='input_11' id='input_1_11' type='text' value='' autocomplete='new-password'/></div><div class='gfield_description' id='gfield_description_1_11'>This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged.</div></li></ul></div> <div class='gform_footer top_label'> <input type='submit' id='gform_submit_button_1' class='gform_button button' value='Subscribe' onclick='if(window["gf_submitting_1"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_1"]=true;} ' onkeypress='if( event.keyCode == 13 ){ if(window["gf_submitting_1"]){return false;} if( !jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity || jQuery("#gform_1")[0].checkValidity()){window["gf_submitting_1"]=true;} jQuery("#gform_1").trigger("submit",[true]); }' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='is_submit_1' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_submit' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_unique_id' value='' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='state_1' value='WyJbXSIsImFiYmI5YzY2YWJjNDlmYzYwZjUzMTBiZjQ0NGIwZGNmIl0=' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_target_page_number_1' id='gform_target_page_number_1' value='0' /> <input type='hidden' class='gform_hidden' name='gform_source_page_number_1' id='gform_source_page_number_1' value='1' /> <input type='hidden' name='gform_field_values' value='' /> </div> <p style="display: none !important;" class="akismet-fields-container" data-prefix="ak_"><label>Δ<textarea name="ak_hp_textarea" cols="45" rows="8" maxlength="100"></textarea></label><input type="hidden" id="ak_js_3" name="ak_js" value="194"/><script>document.getElementById( "ak_js_3" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() );</script></p></form> </div><script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {gformInitSpinner( 1, 'https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery('#gform_ajax_frame_1').on('load',function(){var contents = jQuery(this).contents().find('*').html();var is_postback = contents.indexOf('GF_AJAX_POSTBACK') >= 0;if(!is_postback){return;}var form_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_wrapper_1');var is_confirmation = jQuery(this).contents().find('#gform_confirmation_wrapper_1').length > 0;var is_redirect = contents.indexOf('gformRedirect(){') >= 0;var is_form = form_content.length > 0 && ! is_redirect && ! is_confirmation;var mt = parseInt(jQuery('html').css('margin-top'), 10) + parseInt(jQuery('body').css('margin-top'), 10) + 100;if(is_form){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').html(form_content.html());if(form_content.hasClass('gform_validation_error')){jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').addClass('gform_validation_error');} else {jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').removeClass('gform_validation_error');}setTimeout( function() { /* delay the scroll by 50 milliseconds to fix a bug in chrome */ }, 50 );if(window['gformInitDatepicker']) {gformInitDatepicker();}if(window['gformInitPriceFields']) {gformInitPriceFields();}var current_page = jQuery('#gform_source_page_number_1').val();gformInitSpinner( 1, 'https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/images/spinner.svg', true );jQuery(document).trigger('gform_page_loaded', [1, current_page]);window['gf_submitting_1'] = false;}else if(!is_redirect){var confirmation_content = jQuery(this).contents().find('.GF_AJAX_POSTBACK').html();if(!confirmation_content){confirmation_content = contents;}jQuery('#gform_wrapper_1').replaceWith(confirmation_content);jQuery(document).trigger('gform_confirmation_loaded', [1]);window['gf_submitting_1'] = false;wp.a11y.speak(jQuery('#gform_confirmation_message_1').text());}else{jQuery('#gform_1').append(contents);if(window['gformRedirect']) {gformRedirect();}}jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "1", currentPage: "current_page", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_1" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_1"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_1" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [1, current_page] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 1, currentPage: current_page } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } );} ); /* ]]> */ </script> </div> </div></div><script>if(window.location.search.indexOf('post_id')!=-1){ window.close();}jQuery(document).ready(function ($) { $('p').mashSelectionSharer();});</script>  <script type="text/html" id="wpls--tmpl"> <li class="search-result"> <a href="<%= post.link %>"> <div class="wpls--item-title-wrap"> <h4 class="wpls--item-title"><%= post.title %></h4> </div> </a> </li> </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ if ( typeof(jQuery) !== 'undefined' ) { jQuery( document ).ready(function(){ function monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load() { if ( ( typeof(__gaTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gaTracker && __gaTracker.hasOwnProperty( "loaded" ) && __gaTracker.loaded == true ) || ( typeof(__gtagTracker) !== 'undefined' && __gtagTracker ) ) { (function(factory) { factory(jQuery); }(function($) { /* Scroll Depth */ "use strict"; var defaults = { percentage: true }; var $window = $(window), cache = [], scrollEventBound = false, lastPixelDepth = 0; /* * Plugin */ $.scrollDepth = function(options) { var startTime = +new Date(); options = $.extend({}, defaults, options); /* * Functions */ function sendEvent(action, label, scrollDistance, timing) { if ( 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject || 'undefined' === typeof MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent ) { return; } var paramName = action.toLowerCase(); var fieldsArray = { send_to: 'G-Q67H40LT30', non_interaction: true }; fieldsArray[paramName] = label; if (arguments.length > 3) { fieldsArray.scroll_timing = timing MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } else { MonsterInsightsObject.sendEvent('event', 'scroll_depth', fieldsArray); } } function calculateMarks(docHeight) { return { '25%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.25, 10), '50%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.50, 10), '75%' : parseInt(docHeight * 0.75, 10), /* Cushion to trigger 100% event in iOS */ '100%': docHeight - 5 }; } function checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing) { /* Check each active mark */ $.each(marks, function(key, val) { if ( $.inArray(key, cache) === -1 && scrollDistance >= val ) { sendEvent('Percentage', key, scrollDistance, timing); cache.push(key); } }); } function rounded(scrollDistance) { /* Returns String */ return (Math.floor(scrollDistance/250) * 250).toString(); } function init() { bindScrollDepth(); } /* * Public Methods */ /* Reset Scroll Depth with the originally initialized options */ $.scrollDepth.reset = function() { cache = []; lastPixelDepth = 0; $window.off('scroll.scrollDepth'); bindScrollDepth(); }; /* Add DOM elements to be tracked */ $.scrollDepth.addElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.merge(options.elements, elems); /* If scroll event has been unbound from window, rebind */ if (!scrollEventBound) { bindScrollDepth(); } }; /* Remove DOM elements currently tracked */ $.scrollDepth.removeElements = function(elems) { if (typeof elems == "undefined" || !$.isArray(elems)) { return; } $.each(elems, function(index, elem) { var inElementsArray = $.inArray(elem, options.elements); var inCacheArray = $.inArray(elem, cache); if (inElementsArray != -1) { options.elements.splice(inElementsArray, 1); } if (inCacheArray != -1) { cache.splice(inCacheArray, 1); } }); }; /* * Throttle function borrowed from: * Underscore.js 1.5.2 * http://underscorejs.org * (c) 2009-2013 Jeremy Ashkenas, DocumentCloud and Investigative Reporters & Editors * Underscore may be freely distributed under the MIT license. */ function throttle(func, wait) { var context, args, result; var timeout = null; var previous = 0; var later = function() { previous = new Date; timeout = null; result = func.apply(context, args); }; return function() { var now = new Date; if (!previous) previous = now; var remaining = wait - (now - previous); context = this; args = arguments; if (remaining <= 0) { clearTimeout(timeout); timeout = null; previous = now; result = func.apply(context, args); } else if (!timeout) { timeout = setTimeout(later, remaining); } return result; }; } /* * Scroll Event */ function bindScrollDepth() { scrollEventBound = true; $window.on('scroll.scrollDepth', throttle(function() { /* * We calculate document and window height on each scroll event to * account for dynamic DOM changes. */ var docHeight = $(document).height(), winHeight = window.innerHeight ? window.innerHeight : $window.height(), scrollDistance = $window.scrollTop() + winHeight, /* Recalculate percentage marks */ marks = calculateMarks(docHeight), /* Timing */ timing = +new Date - startTime; checkMarks(marks, scrollDistance, timing); }, 500)); } init(); }; /* UMD export */ return $.scrollDepth; })); jQuery.scrollDepth(); } else { setTimeout(monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load, 200); } } monsterinsights_scroll_tracking_load(); }); } /* End MonsterInsights Scroll Tracking */ </script><script type="text/javascript" id="wpls-script-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var wp_search_vars = {"helperText":"one more character","api":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/wp-json\/as\/v1\/all-posts\/7"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/wp-search-live/public/assets/js/wp-live-search.js?ver=0.9" id="wpls-script-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/comment-reply.min.js?ver=6.6.1" id="comment-reply-js" async="async" data-wp-strategy="async"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/dom-ready.min.js?ver=f77871ff7694fffea381" id="wp-dom-ready-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/hooks.min.js?ver=2810c76e705dd1a53b18" id="wp-hooks-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/i18n.min.js?ver=5e580eb46a90c2b997e6" id="wp-i18n-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="wp-i18n-js-after"> /* <![CDATA[ */ wp.i18n.setLocaleData( { 'text direction\u0004ltr': [ 'ltr' ] } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/dist/a11y.min.js?ver=d90eebea464f6c09bfd5" id="wp-a11y-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/js/placeholders.jquery.min.js?ver=2.8.17" id="gform_placeholder-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/vendor-theme.min.js?ver=54e7080aa7a02c83aa61fae430b9d869" id="gform_gravityforms_theme_vendors-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var gform_theme_config = {"common":{"form":{"honeypot":{"version_hash":"4a792b070322e711c2521ee9802c04ea"}}},"hmr_dev":"","public_path":"https:\/\/admin.acceleratingscience.com\/materials\/wp-content\/plugins\/gravityforms\/assets\/js\/dist\/"}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer='defer' src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/gravityforms/assets/js/dist/scripts-theme.min.js?ver=bab19fd84843dabc070e73326d787910" id="gform_gravityforms_theme-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/core.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-core-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog//wp-includes/js/jquery/ui/tabs.min.js?ver=1.13.3" id="jquery-ui-tabs-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/themes/accelerating-science-blogs/js/scripts.js?ver=1.2.9.3" id="scripts-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript" id="boxzilla-js-extra"> /* <![CDATA[ */ var boxzilla_options = {"testMode":"","boxes":[{"id":9626,"icon":"×","content":"","css":{"position":"bottom-right"},"trigger":{"method":"percentage","value":35},"animation":"fade","cookie":{"triggered":0,"dismissed":0},"rehide":false,"position":"bottom-right","screenWidthCondition":null,"closable":true,"post":{"id":9626,"title":"Single Call to Action","slug":"single-call-to-action"}}]}; /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/boxzilla/assets/js/script.js?ver=3.3.1" id="boxzilla-js"></script> <script defer type="text/javascript" src="https://www.thermofisher.com/blog/materials/wp-content/plugins/akismet/_inc/akismet-frontend.js?ver=1722950842" id="akismet-frontend-js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() { jQuery(document).on('gform_post_render', function(event, formId, currentPage){if(formId == 1) {gformInitChosenFields('#input_1_7,#input_1_8','No results matched');if(typeof Placeholders != 'undefined'){ Placeholders.enable(); }} } );jQuery(document).on('gform_post_conditional_logic', function(event, formId, fields, isInit){gformInitChosenFields('#input_1_7,#input_1_8','No results matched');} ) } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript"> /* <![CDATA[ */ gform.initializeOnLoaded( function() {jQuery(document).trigger("gform_pre_post_render", [{ formId: "1", currentPage: "1", abort: function() { this.preventDefault(); } }]); if (event && event.defaultPrevented) { return; } const gformWrapperDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_wrapper_1" ); if ( gformWrapperDiv ) { const visibilitySpan = document.createElement( "span" ); visibilitySpan.id = "gform_visibility_test_1"; gformWrapperDiv.insertAdjacentElement( "afterend", visibilitySpan ); } const visibilityTestDiv = document.getElementById( "gform_visibility_test_1" ); let postRenderFired = false; function triggerPostRender() { if ( postRenderFired ) { return; } postRenderFired = true; jQuery( document ).trigger( 'gform_post_render', [1, 1] ); gform.utils.trigger( { event: 'gform/postRender', native: false, data: { formId: 1, currentPage: 1 } } ); if ( visibilityTestDiv ) { visibilityTestDiv.parentNode.removeChild( visibilityTestDiv ); } } function debounce( func, wait, immediate ) { var timeout; return function() { var context = this, args = arguments; var later = function() { timeout = null; if ( !immediate ) func.apply( context, args ); }; var callNow = immediate && !timeout; clearTimeout( timeout ); timeout = setTimeout( later, wait ); if ( callNow ) func.apply( context, args ); }; } const debouncedTriggerPostRender = debounce( function() { triggerPostRender(); }, 200 ); if ( visibilityTestDiv && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent === null ) { const observer = new MutationObserver( ( mutations ) => { mutations.forEach( ( mutation ) => { if ( mutation.type === 'attributes' && visibilityTestDiv.offsetParent !== null ) { debouncedTriggerPostRender(); observer.disconnect(); } }); }); observer.observe( document.body, { attributes: true, childList: false, subtree: true, attributeFilter: [ 'style', 'class' ], }); } else { triggerPostRender(); } } ); /* ]]> */ </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/-JVF2Mt77XrPue0oWQ_DN-r_/XEYukNG8mrG8EimE/LFhk/MBsdTQN/rVQM"></script></body></html>