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rank</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: community rank"> <meta name="keywords" content="community rank"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler 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id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="community rank"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 4903</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: community rank</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4903</span> Trend Detection Using Community Rank and Hawkes Process</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shashank%20Bhatnagar">Shashank Bhatnagar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=W.%20Wilfred%20Godfrey"> W. Wilfred Godfrey</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We develop in this paper, an approach to find the trendy topic, which not only considers the user-topic interaction but also considers the community, in which user belongs. This method modifies the previous approach of user-topic interaction to user-community-topic interaction with better speed-up in the range of [1.1-3]. We assume that trend detection in a social network is dependent on two things. The one is, broadcast of messages in social network governed by self-exciting point process, namely called Hawkes process and the second is, Community Rank. The influencer node links to others in the community and decides the community rank based on its PageRank and the number of users links to that community. The community rank decides the influence of one community over the other. Hence, the Hawkes process with the kernel of user-community-topic decides the trendy topic disseminated into the social network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20detection" title="community detection">community detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20rank" title=" community rank"> community rank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hawkes%20process" title=" Hawkes process"> Hawkes process</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=influencer%20node" title=" influencer node"> influencer node</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pagerank" title=" pagerank"> pagerank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trend%20detection" title=" trend detection"> trend detection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73595/trend-detection-using-community-rank-and-hawkes-process" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73595.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">384</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4902</span> Irreducible Sign Patterns of Minimum Rank of 3 and Symmetric Sign Patterns That Allow Diagonalizability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sriparna%20Bandopadhyay">Sriparna Bandopadhyay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is known that irreducible sign patterns in general may not allow diagonalizability and in particular irreducible sign patterns with minimum rank greater than or equal to 4. It is also known that every irreducible sign pattern matrix with minimum rank of 2 allow diagonalizability with rank of 2 and the maximum rank of the sign pattern. In general sign patterns with minimum rank of 3 may not allow diagonalizability if the condition of irreducibility is dropped, but the problem of whether every irreducible sign pattern with minimum rank of 3 allows diagonalizability remains open. In this paper it is shown that irreducible sign patterns with minimum rank of 3 under certain conditions on the underlying graph allow diagonalizability. An alternate proof of the results that every sign pattern matrix with minimum rank of 2 and no zero lines allow diagonalizability with rank of 2 and also that every full sign pattern allows diagonalizability with all permissible ranks of the sign pattern is given. Some open problems regarding composite cycles in an irreducible symmetric sign pattern that support of a rank principal certificate are also answered. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=irreducible%20sign%20patterns" title="irreducible sign patterns">irreducible sign patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20rank" title=" minimum rank"> minimum rank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=symmetric%20sign%20patterns" title=" symmetric sign patterns"> symmetric sign patterns</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rank%20-principal%20certificate" title=" rank -principal certificate"> rank -principal certificate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=allowing%20diagonalizability" title=" allowing diagonalizability"> allowing diagonalizability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173597/irreducible-sign-patterns-of-minimum-rank-of-3-and-symmetric-sign-patterns-that-allow-diagonalizability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">98</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4901</span> Some Results on the Generalized Higher Rank Numerical Ranges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohsen%20Zahraei">Mohsen Zahraei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ‎In this paper, ‎the notion of ‎rank-k numerical range of rectangular complex matrix polynomials‎ ‎are introduced. ‎Some algebraic and geometrical properties are investigated. ‎Moreover, ‎for ε>0 the notion of Birkhoff-James approximate orthogonality sets for ε-higher ‎rank numerical ranges of rectangular matrix polynomials is also introduced and studied. ‎The proposed definitions yield a natural generalization of the standard higher rank numerical ranges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%8E%E2%80%8ERank-k%20numerical%20range%E2%80%8E" title="‎‎Rank-k numerical range‎">‎‎Rank-k numerical range‎</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%8Eisometry%E2%80%8E" title=" ‎isometry‎"> ‎isometry‎</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%8Enumerical%20range%E2%80%8E" title=" ‎numerical range‎"> ‎numerical range‎</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E2%80%8Erectangular%20matrix%20polynomials" title=" ‎rectangular matrix polynomials"> ‎rectangular matrix polynomials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28955/some-results-on-the-generalized-higher-rank-numerical-ranges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/28955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4900</span> Choosing between the Regression Correlation, the Rank Correlation, and the Correlation Curve</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roger%20L.%20Goodwin">Roger L. Goodwin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a rank correlation curve. The traditional correlation coefficient is valid for both continuous variables and for integer variables using rank statistics. Since the correlation coefficient has already been established in rank statistics by Spearman, such a calculation can be extended to the correlation curve. This paper presents two survey questions. The survey collected non-continuous variables. We will show weak to moderate correlation. Obviously, one question has a negative effect on the other. A review of the qualitative literature can answer which question and why. The rank correlation curve shows which collection of responses has a positive slope and which collection of responses has a negative slope. Such information is unavailable from the flat, "first-glance" correlation statistics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayesian%20estimation" title="Bayesian estimation">Bayesian estimation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression%20model" title=" regression model"> regression model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rank%20statistics" title=" rank statistics"> rank statistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation" title=" correlation"> correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation%20curve" title=" correlation curve"> correlation curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9847/choosing-between-the-regression-correlation-the-rank-correlation-and-the-correlation-curve" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9847.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4899</span> Developing HRCT Criterion to Predict the Risk of Pulmonary Tuberculosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vandna%20Raghuvanshi">Vandna Raghuvanshi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vikrant%20Thakur"> Vikrant Thakur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anupam%20Jhobta"> Anupam Jhobta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objective: To design HRCT criterion to forecast the threat of pulmonary tuberculosis. Material and methods: This was a prospective study of 69 patients with clinical suspicion of pulmonary tuberculosis. We studied their medical characteristics, numerous separate HRCT-results, and a combination of HRCT findings to foresee the danger for PTB by utilizing univariate and multivariate investigation. Temporary HRCT diagnostic criteria were planned in view of these outcomes to find out the risk of PTB and tested these criteria on our patients. Results: The results of HRCT chest were analyzed, and Rank was given from 1 to 4 according to the HRCT chest findings. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were calculated. Rank 1: Highly suspected PTB. Rank 2: Probable PTB Rank 3: Nonspecific or difficult to differentiate from other diseases Rank 4: Other suspected diseases • Rank 1 (Highly suspected TB) was present in 22 (31.9%) patients, all of them finally diagnosed to have pulmonary tuberculosis. The sensitivity, specificity, and negative likelihood ratio for RANK 1 on HRCT chest was 53.6%, 100%, and 0.43, respectively. • Rank 2 (Probable TB) was present in 13 patients, out of which 12 were tubercular, and 1 was non-tubercular. • The sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of the combination of Rank 1 and Rank 2 was 82.9%, 96.4%, 23.22, and 0.18, respectively. • Rank 3 (Non-specific TB) was present in 25 patients, and out of these, 7 were tubercular, and 18 were non-tubercular. • When all these 3 ranks were considered together, the sensitivity approached 100% however, the specificity reduced to 35.7%. The positive likelihood ratio and negative likelihood ratio were 1.56 and 0, respectively. • Rank 4 (Other specific findings) was given to 9 patients, and all of these were non-tubercular. Conclusion: HRCT is useful in selecting individuals with greater chances of pulmonary tuberculosis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulmonary" title="pulmonary">pulmonary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tuberculosis" title=" tuberculosis"> tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multivariate" title=" multivariate"> multivariate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HRCT" title=" HRCT"> HRCT</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142334/developing-hrct-criterion-to-predict-the-risk-of-pulmonary-tuberculosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142334.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4898</span> Robust Variogram Fitting Using Non-Linear Rank-Based Estimators</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazem%20M.%20Al-Mofleh">Hazem M. Al-Mofleh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20E.%20Daniels"> John E. Daniels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joseph%20W.%20McKean"> Joseph W. McKean</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper numerous robust fitting procedures are considered in estimating spatial variograms. In spatial statistics, the conventional variogram fitting procedure (non-linear weighted least squares) suffers from the same outlier problem that has plagued this method from its inception. Even a 3-parameter model, like the variogram, can be adversely affected by a single outlier. This paper uses the Hogg-Type adaptive procedures to select an optimal score function for a rank-based estimator for these non-linear models. Numeric examples and simulation studies will demonstrate the robustness, utility, efficiency, and validity of these estimates. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asymptotic%20relative%20efficiency" title="asymptotic relative efficiency">asymptotic relative efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-linear%20rank-based" title=" non-linear rank-based"> non-linear rank-based</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rank%20estimates" title=" rank estimates"> rank estimates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variogram" title=" variogram"> variogram</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43980/robust-variogram-fitting-using-non-linear-rank-based-estimators" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">431</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4897</span> Rank of Semigroup: Generating Sets and Cases Revealing Limitations of the Concept of Independence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zsolt%20Lipcsey">Zsolt Lipcsey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sampson%20Marshal%20Imeh"> Sampson Marshal Imeh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We investigate a certain characterisation for rank of a semigroup by Howie and Ribeiro (1999), to ascertain the relevance of the concept of independence. There are cases where the concept of independence fails to be useful for this purpose. One would expect the basic element to be the maximal independent subset of a given semigroup. However, we construct examples for semigroups where finite basis exist and the basis is larger than the number of independent elements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generating%20sets" title="generating sets">generating sets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=independent%20set" title=" independent set"> independent set</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rank" title=" rank"> rank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cyclic%20semigroup" title=" cyclic semigroup"> cyclic semigroup</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=basis" title=" basis"> basis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commutative" title=" commutative"> commutative</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107773/rank-of-semigroup-generating-sets-and-cases-revealing-limitations-of-the-concept-of-independence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/107773.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4896</span> Developing a Translator Career Path: Based on the Dreyfus Model of Skills Acquisition</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noha%20A.%20Alowedi">Noha A. Alowedi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper proposes a Translator Career Path (TCP) which is based on the Dreyfus Model of Skills Acquisition as the conceptual framework. In this qualitative study, the methodology to collect and analyze the data takes an inductive approach that draws upon the literature to form the criteria for the different steps in the TCP. This path is based on descriptors of expert translator performance and best employees’ practice documented in the literature. Each translator skill will be graded as novice, advanced beginner, competent, proficient, and expert. Consequently, five levels of translator performance are identified in the TCP as five ranks. The first rank is the intern translator, which is equivalent to the novice level; the second rank is the assistant translator, which is equivalent to the advanced beginner level; the third rank is the associate translator, which is equivalent to the competent level; the fourth rank is the translator, which is equivalent to the proficient level; finally, the fifth rank is the expert translator, which is equivalent to the expert level. The main function of this career path is to guide the processes of translator development in translation organizations. Although it is designed primarily for the need of in-house translators’ supervisors, the TCP can be used in academic settings for translation trainers and teachers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dreyfus%20model" title="Dreyfus model">Dreyfus model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation%20organization" title=" translation organization"> translation organization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translator%20career%20path" title=" translator career path"> translator career path</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translator%20development" title=" translator development"> translator development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translator%20evaluation" title=" translator evaluation"> translator evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translator%20promotion" title=" translator promotion"> translator promotion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46856/developing-a-translator-career-path-based-on-the-dreyfus-model-of-skills-acquisition" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46856.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">374</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4895</span> Sparse Unmixing of Hyperspectral Data by Exploiting Joint-Sparsity and Rank-Deficiency</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fanqiang%20Kong">Fanqiang Kong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chending%20Bian"> Chending Bian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this work, we exploit two assumed properties of the abundances of the observed signatures (endmembers) in order to reconstruct the abundances from hyperspectral data. Joint-sparsity is the first property of the abundances, which assumes the adjacent pixels can be expressed as different linear combinations of same materials. The second property is rank-deficiency where the number of endmembers participating in hyperspectral data is very small compared with the dimensionality of spectral library, which means that the abundances matrix of the endmembers is a low-rank matrix. These assumptions lead to an optimization problem for the sparse unmixing model that requires minimizing a combined <em>l<sub>2,p</sub>-</em>norm and nuclear norm. We propose a variable splitting and augmented Lagrangian algorithm to solve the optimization problem. Experimental evaluation carried out on synthetic and real hyperspectral data shows that the proposed method outperforms the state-of-the-art algorithms with a better spectral unmixing accuracy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperspectral%20unmixing" title="hyperspectral unmixing">hyperspectral unmixing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=joint-sparse" title=" joint-sparse"> joint-sparse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-rank%20representation" title=" low-rank representation"> low-rank representation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abundance%20estimation" title=" abundance estimation"> abundance estimation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71439/sparse-unmixing-of-hyperspectral-data-by-exploiting-joint-sparsity-and-rank-deficiency" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71439.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">261</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4894</span> Bayesian Network and Feature Selection for Rank Deficient Inverse Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyugneun%20Lee">Kyugneun Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ikjin%20Lee"> Ikjin Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Parameter estimation with inverse problem often suffers from unfavorable conditions in the real world. Useless data and many input parameters make the problem complicated or insoluble. Data refinement and reformulation of the problem can solve that kind of difficulties. In this research, a method to solve the rank deficient inverse problem is suggested. A multi-physics system which has rank deficiency caused by response correlation is treated. Impeditive information is removed and the problem is reformulated to sequential estimations using Bayesian network (BN) and subset groups. At first, subset grouping of the responses is performed. Feature selection with singular value decomposition (SVD) is used for the grouping. Next, BN inference is used for sequential conditional estimation according to the group hierarchy. Directed acyclic graph (DAG) structure is organized to maximize the estimation ability. Variance ratio of response to noise is used to pairing the estimable parameters by each response. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayesian%20network" title="Bayesian network">Bayesian network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feature%20selection" title=" feature selection"> feature selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rank%20deficiency" title=" rank deficiency"> rank deficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20inverse%20analysis" title=" statistical inverse analysis"> statistical inverse analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75870/bayesian-network-and-feature-selection-for-rank-deficient-inverse-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75870.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4893</span> A Pedagogical Case Study on Consumer Decision Making Models: A Selection of Smart Phone Apps</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong%20Bum%20Shin">Yong Bum Shin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This case focuses on Weighted additive difference, Conjunctive, Disjunctive, and Elimination by aspects methodologies in consumer decision-making models and the Simple additive weighting (SAW) approach in the multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) area. Most decision-making models illustrate that the rank reversal phenomenon is unpreventable. This paper presents that rank reversal occurs in popular managerial methods such as Weighted Additive Difference (WAD), Conjunctive Method, Disjunctive Method, Elimination by Aspects (EBA) and MCDM methods as well as such as the Simple Additive Weighting (SAW) and finally Unified Commensurate Multiple (UCM) models which successfully addresses these rank reversal problems in most popular MCDM methods in decision-making area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multiple%20criteria%20decision%20making" title="multiple criteria decision making">multiple criteria decision making</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rank%20inconsistency" title=" rank inconsistency"> rank inconsistency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=unified%20commensurate%20multiple" title=" unified commensurate multiple"> unified commensurate multiple</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=analytic%20hierarchy%20process" title=" analytic hierarchy process"> analytic hierarchy process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163543/a-pedagogical-case-study-on-consumer-decision-making-models-a-selection-of-smart-phone-apps" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163543.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4892</span> Online Community Suitable for e-Masjid ?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Norlizam%20Md%20Sukiban">Norlizam Md Sukiban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Faisal%20Ashaari"> Muhammad Faisal Ashaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hidayah%20bt%20Rahmalan"> Hidayah bt Rahmalan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The role that a mosque or masjid have applied during the life of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) was magnificent. Masjid managed to gather the community in lots of ways. It was the center of the first Islamic community and nation, with greatest triumphs and tragedies. It was a place to accommodate for the community center, homeless refuge, university and mosque all rolled into one. However, the role of masjid applied today was less than the time of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W) was alive. The advanced technology such as the internet has a major impact to the community nowadays. For example, community online has been chosen for lots of people to maintain their relationship and suggest various events among the communities members. This study is to investigate the possibility of the role of e-Masjid in adapting the concept of community online in order to remain the role played as such as role of masjid during the lifetime of the Prophet Muhammad (S.A.W). Definition and the characteristic of the online community were listed, along with the benefits of the online community. Later, discussion on the possibility of the online community to be adapted in e-Masjid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-masjid" title="e-masjid">e-masjid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=online%20community" title=" online community"> online community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=virtual%20community" title=" virtual community"> virtual community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-community" title=" e-community"> e-community</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30797/online-community-suitable-for-e-masjid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30797.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">495</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4891</span> Assuming the Decision of Having One (More) Child: The New Dimensions of the Post Communist Romanian Family</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Horea-Serban%20Raluca-Ioana">Horea-Serban Raluca-Ioana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Istrate%20Marinela"> Istrate Marinela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The first part of the paper analyzes the dynamics of the total fertility rate both at the national and regional level, pointing out the regional disparities in the distribution of this indicator. At the same time, we also focus on the collapse of the number of live births, on the changes in the fertility rate by birth rank, as well as on the failure of acquiring the desired number of children. The second part of the study centres upon a survey applied to urban families with 3 and more than 3 offspring. The preliminary analysis highlights the fact that an increased fertility (more than 3rd rank) is triggered by the parents’ above the average material condition and superior education. The current situation of Romania, which is still passing through a period of relatively rapid demographic changes, marked by numerous convulsions, requires a new approach, in compliance with the recent interpretations appropriate to a new post-transitional demographic regime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertility%20rate" title="fertility rate">fertility rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=family%20size%20intention" title=" family size intention"> family size intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=third%20birth%20rank" title=" third birth rank"> third birth rank</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regional%20disparities" title=" regional disparities"> regional disparities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19830/assuming-the-decision-of-having-one-more-child-the-new-dimensions-of-the-post-communist-romanian-family" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19830.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">327</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4890</span> Evaluation of the Impact of Community Based Disaster Risk Management Applied In Landslide Prone Area; Reference to Badulla District</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20B.%20D.%20Samarasinghe">S. B. D. Samarasinghe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malini%20Herath"> Malini Herath</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Participatory planning is a very important process for decision making and choosing the best alternative options for community welfare, development of the society and its interactions among community and professionals. People’s involvement is considered as the key guidance in participatory planning. Presently, Participatory planning is being used in many fields. It's not only limited to planning but also to disaster management, poverty, housing, etc. In the past, Disaster management practice was a top-down approach, but it raised many issues as it was converted to a bottom-up approach. There are several approaches that can aid disaster management. Community-Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) is a very successful participatory approach to risk management that is often successfully applied by other disaster-prone countries. In the local context, CBDRM has been applied to prevent Diseases as well as to prevent disasters such as landslides, tsunamis and floods. From three years before, Sri Lanka has initiated the CBDRM approach to minimize landslide vulnerability. Hence, this study mainly focuses on the impact of CBDRM approaches on landslide hazards. Also to identify their successes and failures from both implementing parties and community. This research is carried out based on a qualitative method combined with a descriptive research approach. A successful framework was prepared via a literature review. Case studies were selected considering landslide CBDRM programs which were implemented by Disaster Management Center and National Building Research Organization in Badulla. Their processes were evaluated. Data collection is done through interviews and informal discussions. Then their ideas were quantified by using the Relative Effectiveness index. The resulting numerical value was used to rank the program effectiveness and their success, failures and impacting factors. Results show that there are several failures among implementing parties and the community. Overcoming those factors can make way for better conduction of future CBDRM programs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community-based%20disaster%20risk%20management" title="community-based disaster risk management">community-based disaster risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disaster%20management" title=" disaster management"> disaster management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preparedness" title=" preparedness"> preparedness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=landslide" title=" landslide"> landslide</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147978/evaluation-of-the-impact-of-community-based-disaster-risk-management-applied-in-landslide-prone-area-reference-to-badulla-district" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/147978.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4889</span> Community Based Local Economic Development Strategy Using Strategic Asumption Surfacing and Testing and Expoential Rank Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kholil%20Kholil">Kholil Kholil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soecahyadi%20Soecahyadi"> Soecahyadi Soecahyadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Geographically, Padang Panjang Regency which located in the heart of Western Sumatra has great potentials for the tourism industry. However, these potentials have not been strategically developed for increasing local economic development and people's welfare. The purpose of this research is to design the strategy of sustainable tourism area development using Strategic Assumption Surfacing and Testing (SAST) and Exponential Rank Method (ERM). Result study showed, there are four aspects which importance and certainly for developing tourism area destination in Padang Panjang Regency; (1) tourist information center and promotion, (2) regional cooperation development; (3) minangese center as a center of excellence; and (4) building the center of the public market. To build an attractive tourist area required action plan includes the construction of an information center, center of excellence of minangese, and tourist infrastructure; and public participation is a key success factor for ensuring sustainability of tourism development in Padang Panjang Regency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20economic%20development" title="local economic development">local economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tourism%20attraction" title=" tourism attraction"> tourism attraction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAST" title=" SAST"> SAST</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ERM" title=" ERM"> ERM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63921/community-based-local-economic-development-strategy-using-strategic-asumption-surfacing-and-testing-and-expoential-rank-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63921.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4888</span> Community Structure Detection in Networks Based on Bee Colony</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bilal%20Saoud">Bilal Saoud</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a new method to find the community structure in networks. Our method is based on bee colony and the maximization of modularity to find the community structure. We use a bee colony algorithm to find the first community structure that has a good value of modularity. To improve the community structure, that was found, we merge communities until we get a community structure that has a high value of modularity. We provide a general framework for implementing our approach. We tested our method on computer-generated and real-world networks with a comparison to very known community detection methods. The obtained results show the effectiveness of our proposition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bee%20colony" title="bee colony">bee colony</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=networks" title=" networks"> networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modularity" title=" modularity"> modularity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=normalized%20mutual%20information" title=" normalized mutual information"> normalized mutual information</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93455/community-structure-detection-in-networks-based-on-bee-colony" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/93455.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">406</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4887</span> Development of People's Participation in Environmental Development in Pathumthani Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakapas%20Saengchai">Sakapas Saengchai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Study on the development of people's participation in environmental development was a qualitative research method. Data were collected by participant observation, in-depth interview and discussion group in Pathumthani province. The study indicated that 1) People should be aware of environmental information from government agencies. 2) People in the community should be able to brainstorm information, exchange information about community environment development. 3) People should have a role with community leaders. 4) People in the community should have a role to play in the implementation of projects and activities in the development of the environment and 5) citizens, community leaders, village committee have directed the development of the area. Maintaining a community environment with a shared decision. By emphasizing the process of participation, self-reliance, mutual help, and responsibility for one's own community. Community empowerment strengthens the sustainable spatial development of the environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=people" title="people">people</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participation" title=" participation"> participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community" title=" community"> community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environment" title=" environment"> environment</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85948/development-of-peoples-participation-in-environmental-development-in-pathumthani-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85948.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">280</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4886</span> Managing Education through, Effective School Community Relationships/Participation for National Security</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehu%20S.%20Janguza">Shehu S. Janguza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The need for national security cannot be over Emphasis, which should be pursued by any means. Thus the need for effective management of education through effective school community Relationship/participation. In preparing and implementing only effort to promote community involvement in manning Education, it is importance to understand the whole picture of community participation, how it works, what forms are used, what benefit it can yield and what we should expect in the process of carrying out the efforts finally emphasis will be made on how effective school community relationship/participation and lead to national security. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20participation" title="community participation">community participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managing" title=" managing"> managing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20community" title=" school community"> school community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=national%20security" title=" national security"> national security</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22224/managing-education-through-effective-school-community-relationshipsparticipation-for-national-security" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22224.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">595</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4885</span> On the Impracticality of Kierkegaard's Community of Authentic Individuals</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrew%20Ka%20Pok%20Tam">Andrew Ka Pok Tam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Kierkegaard has been misinterpreted as an anti-social philosopher for a long time until in recent years when there are more discussions on his concept of community in Journals and Papers inspired by Karl Bayer. Community which is based upon an individual's relations to others is different from the crowd or the public where the numerical or the majority make decisions. As a result, authenticity is only possible in the community. But Kierkegaard did not explain how we can preserve the individual's authenticity by establishing a community instead of a public in the reality. Kierkegaard was against the democratic reform in 1848 Denmark because he thought all elections mean the majority wins and the authenticity of a single individual would be suppressed. However, Kierkegaard himself does not suggest an alternative political system that may preserve the authenticity of individual. This paper aims to evaluate the possibility for us to establish a Kierkegaadian community in practice so as to preserve every individual's authenticity. This paper argues that the practicality of Kierekegaadian community is limited. In order to have effective communications and relations among individuals, a Kierkegaardian community must be small and inefficient as every individual's must remain authentic in all political decision for the whole community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authenticity" title="authenticity">authenticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community" title=" community"> community</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=individual" title=" individual"> individual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kierkegaard" title=" kierkegaard"> kierkegaard</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64141/on-the-impracticality-of-kierkegaards-community-of-authentic-individuals" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64141.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4884</span> Guidelines for the Development of Community Classroom for Research and Academic Services in Ranong Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jenjira%20Chinnawong">Jenjira Chinnawong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phusit%20Phukamchanoad"> Phusit Phukamchanoad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this study is to explore the guidelines for the development of community classroom for research and academic services in Ranong province. By interviewing leaders involved in the development of learning resources, research, and community services, it was found that the leaders' perceptions in the development of learning resources, research, and community services in Ranong, was at the highest level. They perceived at every step on policies of community classroom implementation, research, and community services in Ranong. Leaders' perceptions were at the moderate level in terms of analysis of problems related to procedures of community classroom management, research and community services in Ranong especially in the planning and implementation of the examination, improvement, and development of learning sources to be in good condition and ready to serve the visitors. Their participation in the development of community classroom, research, and community services in Ranong was at a high level, particularly in the participation in monitoring and evaluation of the development of learning resources as well as in reporting on the result of the development of learning resources. The most important thing in the development of community classroom, research and community services in Ranong is the necessity to integrate the three principles of knowledge building in teaching, research and academic services in order to create the identity of the local and community classroom for those who are interested to visit to learn more about the useful knowledge. As a result, community classroom, research, and community services were well-known both inside and outside the university. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20classroom" title="community classroom">community classroom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20resources" title=" learning resources"> learning resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=development" title=" development"> development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participation" title=" participation"> participation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121865/guidelines-for-the-development-of-community-classroom-for-research-and-academic-services-in-ranong-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/121865.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">158</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4883</span> Involvement in Community Planning: The Case Study of Bang Nang Li Community, Samut Songkram Province, Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakapas%20Saengchai">Sakapas Saengchai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vilasinee%20Jintalikhitdee"> Vilasinee Jintalikhitdee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mathinee%20Khongsatid"> Mathinee Khongsatid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nattapol%20Pourprasert"> Nattapol Pourprasert</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper studied the participation of people of the five villages of Bang Nang Li Community in Ampawa District, Samut Songkram Province, in designing community planning. The population was 2,755 villagers from the 5 villages with 349 people sampled. The level of involvement was measured by using Likert Five Scale for: preparing readiness of local people in the community, providing information for community and self analysis and learning, designing goals and directions for community development, designing strategic plans for community projects, and operating according to the plans. All process items reported a medium level of involvement except the item of preparing readiness for local people that presented the highest mean score. A test of a correlation between personal factors and level of involvement in designing the community planning unveiled no correlation between gender, age and career. Contrarily, the findings revealed that the villagers’ educational level and community membership status had a correlation with their level of involvement in designing the community planning. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20development" title="community development">community development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20planning" title=" community planning"> community planning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=people%20participation" title=" people participation"> people participation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20level" title=" educational level"> educational level</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9760/involvement-in-community-planning-the-case-study-of-bang-nang-li-community-samut-songkram-province-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">535</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4882</span> Operationalizing the Concept of Community Resilience through Community Capitals Framework-Based Index</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Warda%20Ajaz">Warda Ajaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study uses the ‘Community Capitals Framework’ (CCF) to develop a community resilience index that can serve as a useful tool for measuring resilience of communities in diverse contexts and backgrounds. CCF is an important analytical tool to assess holistic community change. This framework identifies seven major types of community capitals: natural, cultural, human, social, political, financial and built, and claims that the communities that have been successful in supporting healthy sustainable community and economic development have paid attention to all these capitals. The framework, therefore, proposes to study the community development through identification of assets in these major capitals (stock), investment in these capitals (flow), and the interaction between these capitals. Capital based approaches have been extensively used to assess community resilience, especially in the context of natural disasters and extreme events. Therefore, this study identifies key indicators for estimating each of the seven capitals through an extensive literature review and then develops an index to calculate a community resilience score. The CCF-based community resilience index presents an innovative way of operationalizing the concept of community resilience and will contribute toward decision-relevant research regarding adaptation and mitigation of community vulnerabilities to climate change-induced, as well as other adverse events. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adverse%20events" title="adverse events">adverse events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20capitals" title=" community capitals"> community capitals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20resilience" title=" community resilience"> community resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20development" title=" economic development"> economic development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainability" title=" sustainability"> sustainability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83329/operationalizing-the-concept-of-community-resilience-through-community-capitals-framework-based-index" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83329.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">267</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4881</span> Urban Resilience and Planning in the Perspective of Community </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Tao">Xu Tao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yilun%20Xu"> Yilun Xu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dingwei%20Xiang"> Dingwei Xiang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yaofei%20Sun"> Yaofei Sun</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban community is constitute the entire city and its management ‘cell’, let ‘cells’ with growth and self-regeneration capacity and persistence, to allow the city with infinite vigor and vitality of the source; with toughness community mankind's adaptation to the basic unit of social risk, toughness of the city from the community to create a point of building is urban toughness of top-down construction mode of supplement, is of positive significance on the toughness of the urban construction. Based on the basic concept of resilience, this paper reviews the research on the four main areas of the study of urban resilience (i.e., the engineering toughness, ecological resilience, economic resilience, and social resilience, etc.). Studies and comments and summarizes the basic characteristic and main content of the four kind of toughness. Based on, from the city - community level and community level for building community resilience, including the level of urban community and create a Unicom, inclusiveness and openness of the community; community-level lifted from the four angles of the engineering community toughness, ecological toughness, resilience, social resilience, mainly including enhanced the toughness of the infrastructure, green infrastructure of toughness, resilience, social network and social relations, building with a sense of belonging, inclusive, multicultural community. Finally, summarize and prospect the resilience of the community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resilience" title="resilience">resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20resilience" title=" community resilience"> community resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20resilience" title=" urban resilience"> urban resilience</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=construction%20strategies" title=" construction strategies"> construction strategies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92979/urban-resilience-and-planning-in-the-perspective-of-community" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/92979.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">250</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4880</span> Multidirectional Product Support System for Decision Making in Textile Industry Using Collaborative Filtering Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Senthil%20Kumar">A. Senthil Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Murali%20Bhaskaran"> V. Murali Bhaskaran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the information technology ground, people are using various tools and software for their official use and personal reasons. Nowadays, people are worrying to choose data accessing and extraction tools at the time of buying and selling their products. In addition, worry about various quality factors such as price, durability, color, size, and availability of the product. The main purpose of the research study is to find solutions to these unsolved existing problems. The proposed algorithm is a Multidirectional Rank Prediction (MDRP) decision making algorithm in order to take an effective strategic decision at all the levels of data extraction, uses a real time textile dataset and analyzes the results. Finally, the results are obtained and compared with the existing measurement methods such as PCC, SLCF, and VSS. The result accuracy is higher than the existing rank prediction methods. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Knowledge%20Discovery%20in%20Database%20%28KDD%29" title="Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD)">Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Multidirectional%20Rank%20Prediction%20%28MDRP%29" title=" Multidirectional Rank Prediction (MDRP)"> Multidirectional Rank Prediction (MDRP)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pearson%E2%80%99s%20Correlation%20Coefficient%20%28PCC%29" title=" Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (PCC)"> Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient (PCC)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VSS%20%28Vector%20Space%20Similarity%29" title=" VSS (Vector Space Similarity)"> VSS (Vector Space Similarity)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3247/multidirectional-product-support-system-for-decision-making-in-textile-industry-using-collaborative-filtering-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3247.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">286</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4879</span> The Education Quality Management by the Participation of the Community in Northern Part of Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Preecha%20Pongpeng">Preecha Pongpeng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to study the education quality management to solve the problem of teachers shortage by the communities participation. This research is action research by using the tools is questionnaire to collect the data whit, students and community representatives and final will interview to ask the opinions of people in the community to help and support instruction in problems in teaching. Results found that people in the community are aware and working together to solve the lack the of teachers by collaboration between school personnel and community members by finding people who are knowledgeable, organized into local wisdom in the community, compound money to donate and hire someone in the community to teaching between classroom with people in the community. In addition, researcher discovered this research project contributes to cooperation between the school and community and there was a problem including administrative expenses and the school's academic quality management. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education%20quality%20management" title="education quality management">education quality management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20wisdom" title=" local wisdom"> local wisdom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=northern%20part%20of%20Thailand" title=" northern part of Thailand"> northern part of Thailand</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=participation%20of%20the%20community" title=" participation of the community"> participation of the community</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55575/the-education-quality-management-by-the-participation-of-the-community-in-northern-part-of-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55575.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">293</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4878</span> Application of Regularized Low-Rank Matrix Factorization in Personalized Targeting </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kourosh%20Modarresi">Kourosh Modarresi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Netflix problem has brought the topic of “Recommendation Systems” into the mainstream of computer science, mathematics, and statistics. Though much progress has been made, the available algorithms do not obtain satisfactory results. The success of these algorithms is rarely above 5%. This work is based on the belief that the main challenge is to come up with “scalable personalization” models. This paper uses an adaptive regularization of inverse singular value decomposition (SVD) that applies adaptive penalization on the singular vectors. The results show far better matching for recommender systems when compared to the ones from the state of the art models in the industry. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=convex%20optimization" title="convex optimization">convex optimization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LASSO" title=" LASSO"> LASSO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=regression" title=" regression"> regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recommender%20systems" title=" recommender systems"> recommender systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=singular%20value%20decomposition" title=" singular value decomposition"> singular value decomposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20rank%20approximation" title=" low rank approximation"> low rank approximation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19547/application-of-regularized-low-rank-matrix-factorization-in-personalized-targeting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19547.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">455</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4877</span> Model Order Reduction of Continuous LTI Large Descriptor System Using LRCF-ADI and Square Root Balanced Truncation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Sahadet%20Hossain">Mohammad Sahadet Hossain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shamsil%20Arifeen"> Shamsil Arifeen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehrab%20Hossian%20Likhon"> Mehrab Hossian Likhon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we analyze a linear time invariant (LTI) descriptor system of large dimension. Since these systems are difficult to simulate, compute and store, we attempt to reduce this large system using Low Rank Cholesky Factorized Alternating Directions Implicit (LRCF-ADI) iteration followed by Square Root Balanced Truncation. LRCF-ADI solves the dual Lyapunov equations of the large system and gives low-rank Cholesky factors of the gramians as the solution. Using these cholesky factors, we compute the Hankel singular values via singular value decomposition. Later, implementing square root balanced truncation, the reduced system is obtained. The bode plots of original and lower order systems are used to show that the magnitude and phase responses are same for both the systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low-rank%20cholesky%20factor%20alternating%20directions%20implicit%20iteration" title="low-rank cholesky factor alternating directions implicit iteration">low-rank cholesky factor alternating directions implicit iteration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LTI%20Descriptor%20system" title=" LTI Descriptor system"> LTI Descriptor system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lyapunov%20equations" title=" Lyapunov equations"> Lyapunov equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Square-root%20balanced%20truncation" title=" Square-root balanced truncation"> Square-root balanced truncation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26947/model-order-reduction-of-continuous-lti-large-descriptor-system-using-lrcf-adi-and-square-root-balanced-truncation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26947.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4876</span> Rank-Based Chain-Mode Ensemble for Binary Classification</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chongya%20Song">Chongya Song</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang%20Yen"> Kang Yen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexander%20Pons"> Alexander Pons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin%20Liu"> Jin Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the field of machine learning, the ensemble has been employed as a common methodology to improve the performance upon multiple base classifiers. However, the true predictions are often canceled out by the false ones during consensus due to a phenomenon called “curse of correlation” which is represented as the strong interferences among the predictions produced by the base classifiers. In addition, the existing practices are still not able to effectively mitigate the problem of imbalanced classification. Based on the analysis on our experiment results, we conclude that the two problems are caused by some inherent deficiencies in the approach of consensus. Therefore, we create an enhanced ensemble algorithm which adopts a designed rank-based chain-mode consensus to overcome the two problems. In order to evaluate the proposed ensemble algorithm, we employ a well-known benchmark data set NSL-KDD (the improved version of dataset KDDCup99 produced by University of New Brunswick) to make comparisons between the proposed and 8 common ensemble algorithms. Particularly, each compared ensemble classifier uses the same 22 base classifiers, so that the differences in terms of the improvements toward the accuracy and reliability upon the base classifiers can be truly revealed. As a result, the proposed rank-based chain-mode consensus is proved to be a more effective ensemble solution than the traditional consensus approach, which outperforms the 8 ensemble algorithms by 20% on almost all compared metrices which include accuracy, precision, recall, F1-score and area under receiver operating characteristic curve. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consensus" title="consensus">consensus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curse%20of%20correlation" title=" curse of correlation"> curse of correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imbalance%20classification" title=" imbalance classification"> imbalance classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rank-based%20chain-mode%20ensemble" title=" rank-based chain-mode ensemble"> rank-based chain-mode ensemble</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112891/rank-based-chain-mode-ensemble-for-binary-classification" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/112891.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4875</span> Comparing Community Detection Algorithms in Bipartite Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Khademi">Ehsan Khademi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdi%20Jalili"> Mahdi Jalili</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Despite the special features of bipartite networks, they are common in many systems. Real-world bipartite networks may show community structure, similar to what one can find in one-mode networks. However, the interpretation of the community structure in bipartite networks is different as compared to one-mode networks. In this manuscript, we compare a number of available methods that are frequently used to discover community structure of bipartite networks. These networks are categorized into two broad classes. One class is the methods that, first, transfer the network into a one-mode network, and then apply community detection algorithms. The other class is the algorithms that have been developed specifically for bipartite networks. These algorithms are applied on a model network with prescribed community structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20detection" title="community detection">community detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bipartite%20networks" title=" bipartite networks"> bipartite networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=co-clustering" title=" co-clustering"> co-clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modularity" title=" modularity"> modularity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=network%20projection" title=" network projection"> network projection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20networks" title=" complex networks"> complex networks</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14451/comparing-community-detection-algorithms-in-bipartite-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">625</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4874</span> Weighted Rank Regression with Adaptive Penalty Function</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kang-Mo%20Jung">Kang-Mo Jung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of regularization for statistical methods has become popular. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) framework has become the standard tool for sparse regression. However, it is well known that the LASSO is sensitive to outliers or leverage points. We consider a new robust estimation which is composed of the weighted loss function of the pairwise difference of residuals and the adaptive penalty function regulating the tuning parameter for each variable. Rank regression is resistant to regression outliers, but not to leverage points. By adopting a weighted loss function, the proposed method is robust to leverage points of the predictor variable. Furthermore, the adaptive penalty function gives us good statistical properties in variable selection such as oracle property and consistency. We develop an efficient algorithm to compute the proposed estimator using basic functions in program R. We used an optimal tuning parameter based on the Bayesian information criterion (BIC). Numerical simulation shows that the proposed estimator is effective for analyzing real data set and contaminated data. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adaptive%20penalty%20function" title="adaptive penalty function">adaptive penalty function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robust%20penalized%20regression" title=" robust penalized regression"> robust penalized regression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20selection" title=" variable selection"> variable selection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weighted%20rank%20regression" title=" weighted rank regression"> weighted rank regression</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79449/weighted-rank-regression-with-adaptive-penalty-function" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/79449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">475</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20rank&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20rank&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20rank&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20rank&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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