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<span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਦਿੱਖ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa" class=""><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ" class=""><span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="ਹੋਰ ਚੋਣਾਂ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਨਿੱਜੀ ਸੰਦ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?wmf_source=donate&wmf_medium=sidebar&wmf_campaign=pa.wikipedia.org&uselang=pa"><span>ਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%A3%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%93&returnto=%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ ਸਲਾਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ; ਹਾਲਾਂਕਿ ਇਹ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>ਖ਼ਾਤਾ ਬਣਾਓ</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A8&returnto=%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" title="ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਣ ਲਈ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ; ਪਰ ਇਹ ਕੋਈ ਲਾਜ਼ਮੀ ਨਹੀਂ [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ਦਾਖ਼ਲ ਹੋਵੋ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ਬਾਹਰ ਹੋਏ ਸੰਪਾਦਕਾਂ ਲਈ ਸਫ਼ੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%A6:%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3-%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%9B%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A3" aria-label="ਸੰਪਾਦਨ ਬਾਰੇ ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ"><span>ਹੋਰ ਜਾਣੋ</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87_%E0%A8%AF%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>ਯੋਗਦਾਨ</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%BE" title="ਇਸ IP ਪਤੇ ਤੋਂ ਹੋਈਆਂ ਸੋਧਾਂ ਬਾਰੇ ਗੱਲਬਾਤ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>ਗੱਲ-ਬਾਤ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ਸਾਈਟ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ਵਰਣਨ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਵਰਣਨ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ਵਰਣਨ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਵਰਣਨ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਗੈਲਰੀ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਗੈਲਰੀ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ਗੈਲਰੀ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਗੈਲਰੀ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ਹਵਾਲੇ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>ਹਵਾਲੇ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ਹਵਾਲੇ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਨੂੰ ਟੌਗਲ ਕਰੋ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ਨਾਗ ਕੇਸਰ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="ਕਿਸੇ ਹੋਰ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲੇਖ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ। 30 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranc%C3%B4ng_bul%C3%B4h" title="Rancông bulôh – ਅਚੀਨੀ" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Rancông bulôh" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="ਅਚੀਨੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%B0" title="নাহৰ – ਅਸਾਮੀ" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="নাহৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ਅਸਾਮੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%B0" title="নাগেশ্বর – ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নাগেশ্বর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ਬੰਗਾਲੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – ਸੀਬੂਆਨੋ" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="ਸੀਬੂਆਨੋ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – ਜਰਮਨ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ਜਰਮਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rautaviiri%C3%B6" title="Rautaviiriö – ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rautaviiriö" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ਫਿਨਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ਫਰਾਂਸੀਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE" title="सुरंगा – ਗੋਥਿਕ" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="सुरंगा" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="ਗੋਥਿਕ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0" title="नाग केसर – ਹਿੰਦੀ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नाग केसर" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ਹਿੰਦੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagasari_(tumbuhan)" title="Nagasari (tumbuhan) – ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nagasari (tumbuhan)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ਇੰਡੋਨੇਸ਼ੀਆਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%86" title="ನಾಗಸಂಪಿಗೆ – ਕੰਨੜ" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ನಾಗಸಂಪಿಗೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="ਕੰਨੜ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tikrasis_gel%C5%BEmedis" title="Tikrasis gelžmedis – ਲਿਥੁਆਨੀਅਨ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Tikrasis gelžmedis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ਲਿਥੁਆਨੀਅਨ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="നാഗകേസരം – ਮਲਿਆਲਮ" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നാഗകേസരം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="ਮਲਿਆਲਮ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BE" title="नागचाफा – ਮਰਾਠੀ" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नागचाफा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="ਮਰਾਠੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%8F" title="Мезуя – ਪੱਛਮੀ ਮਾਰੀ" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Мезуя" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="ਪੱਛਮੀ ਮਾਰੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokok_Penaga_Lilin" title="Pokok Penaga Lilin – ਮਲਯ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pokok Penaga Lilin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ਮਲਯ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%80%E1%80%B6%E1%80%B7%E1%80%80%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%95%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ကံ့ကော်ပင် – ਬਰਮੀ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ကံ့ကော်ပင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ਬਰਮੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%8F_%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Мезуя железная – ਰੂਸੀ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мезуя железная" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ਰੂਸੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%83" title="नागकेसरः – ਸੰਸਕ੍ਰਿਤ" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="नागकेसरः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="ਸੰਸਕ੍ਰਿਤ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%8F" title="නා – ਸਿੰਹਾਲਾ" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නා" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="ਸਿੰਹਾਲਾ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ਸਵੀਡਿਸ਼" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நாகமரம் – ਤਮਿਲ" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நாகமரம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ਤਮਿਲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF" title="నాగకేసరి – ਤੇਲਗੂ" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="నాగకేసరి" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="ਤੇਲਗੂ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%84" title="บุนนาค – ਥਾਈ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="บุนนาค" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ਥਾਈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%E1%BA%A5p" title="Vấp – ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Vấp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ਵੀਅਤਨਾਮੀ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesua_ferrea" title="Mesua ferrea – ਵੈਰੇ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mesua ferrea" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ਵੈਰੇ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%93%81%E5%8A%9B%E6%9C%A8" title="铁力木 – ਚੀਨੀ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="铁力木" data-language-autonym="中文" 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data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ਦਿੱਖ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">ਸਾਈਡਬਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਜਾਓ</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ਲੁਕਾਓ</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">ਵਿਕੀਪੀਡੀਆ, ਇੱਕ ਆਜ਼ਾਦ ਵਿਸ਼ਵਕੋਸ਼ ਤੋਂ</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pa" dir="ltr"><p><i><b>ਮੇਸੁਆ ਫੇਰੀਆ</b></i>, <b>ਸੀਲੋਨ ਆਇਰਨਵੁੱਡ</b>, ਜਾਂ ਨਾਗ <b>ਕੇਸਰ</b>,<sup id="cite_ref-flowers_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flowers-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਕੈਲੋਫਿਲੇਸੀ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਦੀ ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰਜਾਤੀ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਹੌਲੀ-ਹੌਲੀ ਵਧਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਰੁੱਖ ਦਾ ਨਾਮ ਹੈ, ਜੋ ਇਸਦੀ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੇ ਭਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਕਠੋਰਤਾ ਦੇ ਨਾਮ 'ਤੇ ਰੱਖਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ। ਇਸਦੀ ਸੁੰਦਰ ਸ਼ਕਲ, ਸਲੇਟੀ-ਹਰੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BE" title="ਪੱਤਾ">ਪੱਤਿਆਂ</a> ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਇੱਕ ਸੁੰਦਰ ਗੁਲਾਬੀ ਤੋਂ ਲਾਲ ਰੰਗ ਦੇ ਝੁਕੇ ਹੋਏ ਪੱਤਿਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਵੱਡੇ, ਸੁਗੰਧਿਤ ਚਿੱਟੇ ਫੁੱਲਾਂ ਦੇ ਕਾਰਨ ਇਸਦੀ ਵਿਆਪਕ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਸਜਾਵਟੀ ਵਜੋਂ ਕਾਸ਼ਤ ਕੀਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ। ਇਹ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE" title="ਸ੍ਰੀਲੰਕਾ">ਸ਼੍ਰੀਲੰਕਾ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4" title="ਭਾਰਤ">ਭਾਰਤ</a>, ਦੱਖਣੀ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2" title="ਨੇਪਾਲ">ਨੇਪਾਲ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0" title="ਮਿਆਂਮਾਰ">ਬਰਮਾ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1" title="ਥਾਈਲੈਂਡ">ਥਾਈਲੈਂਡ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%A1_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%A5_%E0%A8%88%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F_%E0%A8%8F%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਮੇਨਲੈਂਡ ਸਾਊਥ ਈਸਟ ਏਸ਼ੀਆ">ਇੰਡੋਚਾਈਨਾ</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC" title="ਫਿਲੀਪੀਨਜ਼">ਫਿਲੀਪੀਨਜ਼</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86" title="ਮਲੇਸ਼ੀਆ">ਮਲੇਸ਼ੀਆ</a> ਅਤੇ ਸੁਮਾਤਰਾ ਦੇ ਗਿੱਲੇ, ਗਰਮ ਖੰਡੀ ਹਿੱਸਿਆਂ ਦਾ ਜੱਦੀ ਹੈ, ਜਿੱਥੇ ਇਹ ਸਦਾਬਹਾਰ ਜੰਗਲਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਉੱਗਦਾ ਹੈ, ਖਾਸ ਕਰਕੇ ਨਦੀਆਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਘਾਟੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ। ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਪੂਰਬੀ ਹਿਮਾਲਿਆ ਅਤੇ ਪੱਛਮੀ ਘਾਟ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਹ 1,500 m (4,900 ft) ਦੀ ਉਚਾਈ ਤੱਕ ਵਧਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਦੋਂ ਕਿ ਸ਼੍ਰੀਲੰਕਾ ਵਿੱਚ 1,000 m (3,300 ft) ਤੱਕ ਵੱਧਦਾ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-biotik_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biotik-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kostermans_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kostermans-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Gunatilleke_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gunatilleke-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ਇਹ ਸ਼੍ਰੀਲੰਕਾ ਦਾ ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਰੁੱਖ, <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE" title="ਮਿਜ਼ੋਰਮ">ਮਿਜ਼ੋਰਮ</a> ਦਾ ਰਾਜ ਰੁੱਖ ਅਤੇ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE" title="ਤ੍ਰਿਪੁਰਾ">ਤ੍ਰਿਪੁਰਾ</a> ਦਾ ਰਾਜ ਫੁੱਲ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਵਰਣਨ"><span id=".E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.B0.E0.A8.A3.E0.A8.A8"></span>ਵਰਣਨ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0&action=edit&section=1" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਵਰਣਨ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg/220px-%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg/330px-%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg/440px-%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%81%E0%B5%8D.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>ਰੁੱਖ 30 m (98 ft) ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਵਧ ਸਕਦਾ ਹੈ , ਅਕਸਰ 2 m (6 ft 7 in) ਤੱਕ ਤਣੇ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਅਧਾਰ 'ਤੇ ਦਬਾਇਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਛੋਟੇ ਦਰੱਖਤਾਂ ਦੀ ਸੱਕ ਦਾ ਰੰਗ ਸੁਆਹ ਸਲੇਟੀ ਰੰਗ ਦਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਜਿਸਦਾ ਛਿੱਲਕਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਦੋਂ ਕਿ ਪੁਰਾਣੇ ਰੁੱਖਾਂ ਦੀ ਸੱਕ ਲਾਲ-ਭੂਰੇ ਬਲੇਜ਼ ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਗੂੜ੍ਹੀ ਸੁਆਹ-ਸਲੇਟੀ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ। ਇਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਾਧਾਰਨ, ਉਲਟ, ਤੰਗ, ਲੰਗੋਟੀ ਤੋਂ ਆਇਤਾਕਾਰ, ਨੀਲੇ-ਸਲੇਟੀ ਤੋਂ ਗੂੜ੍ਹੇ ਹਰੇ ਪੱਤੇ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ ਜੋ 7–15 cm (2.8–5.9 in) ਲੰਬੇ ਅਤੇ 1.5–3.5 cm (0.59–1.38 in) ਚੌੜੇ, ਹੇਠਲੇ ਹਿੱਸੇ ਤੋਂ ਚਿੱਟੇ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਉੱਭਰ ਰਹੇ ਨੌਜਵਾਨ ਪੱਤੇ ਲਾਲ ਤੋਂ ਪੀਲੇ ਗੁਲਾਬੀ ਅਤੇ ਝੁਕੇ ਹੋਏ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਸ਼ਾਖਾਵਾਂ ਪਤਲੀਆਂ, ਟੇਰੇਟ ਅਤੇ ਚਮਕਦਾਰ ਹੁੰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ। ਲਿੰਗੀ <a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%B2" title="ਫੁੱਲ">ਫੁੱਲ</a> 4–7.5 cm (1.6–3.0 in) ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ, ਚਾਰ ਚਿੱਟੇ ਪੱਤੇ ਅਤੇ ਕਈ ਸੰਤਰੀ ਪੀਲੇ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ। ਫਲ ਇੱਕ ਤੋਂ ਦੋ ਬੀਜਾਂ ਵਾਲਾ ਇੱਕ ਅੰਡਕੋਸ਼ ਤੋਂ ਗਲੋਬੋਜ਼ ਕੈਪਸੂਲ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।<sup id="cite_ref-biotik_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-biotik-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਗੈਲਰੀ"><span id=".E0.A8.97.E0.A9.88.E0.A8.B2.E0.A8.B0.E0.A9.80"></span>ਗੈਲਰੀ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0&action=edit&section=2" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਗੈਲਰੀ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="ਜਵਾਨ ਪੱਤੇ ਅਤੇ ਫੁੱਲ"><img alt="ਮੇਸੁਆ ਫੇਰੀਆ - ਜਵਾਨ ਪੱਤੇ ਅਤੇ ਫੁੱਲ।" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg/150px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg/225px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg/300px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">ਜਵਾਨ ਪੱਤੇ ਅਤੇ ਫੁੱਲ</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="ਜਵਾਨ ਪੱਤੇ ਅਤੇ ਫੁੱਲ"><img alt="ਮੇਸੁਆ ਫੇਰੀਆ - ਜਵਾਨ ਪੱਤੇ ਅਤੇ ਫੁੱਲ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg/150px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg/225px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg/300px-Mesua_ferrea_-_Young_leaves_and_flowers..jpg 2x" data-file-width="1632" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">ਜਵਾਨ ਪੱਤੇ ਅਤੇ ਫੁੱਲ</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="ਜਵਾਨ ਫਲ"><img alt="ਮੇਸੁਆ ਫੇਰੀਆ - ਜਵਾਨ ਫਲ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg/150px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg/225px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg/300px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Young_fruit.jpg 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="1632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">ਜਵਾਨ ਫਲ</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B0:Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="ਪੱਕੇ ਫਲ"><img alt="ਮੇਸੁਆ ਫੇਰੀਆ – ਪੱਕੇ ਫਲ" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg/150px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg/225px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg/300px-Mesua_ferrea_%E2%80%93_Ripe_fruits.jpg 2x" data-file-width="816" data-file-height="1632" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">ਪੱਕੇ ਫਲ</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ਹਵਾਲੇ"><span id=".E0.A8.B9.E0.A8.B5.E0.A8.BE.E0.A8.B2.E0.A9.87"></span>ਹਵਾਲੇ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0&action=edit&section=3" title="ਭਾਗ ਸੋਧ: ਹਵਾਲੇ"><span>ਸੋਧੋ</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-flowers-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-flowers_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r765793">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flowersofindia.net/catalog/slides/Nag%20Kesar.html">"Nag Kesar"</a>. Flowers of India.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Nag+Kesar&rft.pub=Flowers+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.flowersofindia.net%2Fcatalog%2Fslides%2FNag%2520Kesar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-biotik-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-biotik_2-0">2.0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-biotik_2-1">2.1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001052/http://www.biotik.org/india/species/m/mesuferr/mesuferr_en.html">"Mesua ferrea L. – Clusiaceae"</a>. biotik.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biotik.org/india/species/m/mesuferr/mesuferr_en.html">the original</a> on 2016-03-04<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mesua+ferrea+L.+%E2%80%93+Clusiaceae&rft.pub=biotik.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.biotik.org%2Findia%2Fspecies%2Fm%2Fmesuferr%2Fmesuferr_en.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="error mw-ext-cite-error" lang="pa" dir="ltr">ਹਵਾਲੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਗ਼ਲਤੀ:Invalid <code><ref></code> tag; name "biotik" defined multiple times with different content</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kostermans-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Kostermans_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFKostermans1980" class="citation book cs1">Kostermans, A.J.G.H. (1980). "Clusiaceae (Guttiferae)". In Dassanayaka, M.D.; Fosberg, F.R. (eds.). <i>A revised handbook to the flora of Ceylon</i>. Vol. I. New Delhi. pp. 107–110.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Clusiaceae+%28Guttiferae%29&rft.btitle=A+revised+handbook+to+the+flora+of+Ceylon&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=107-110&rft.date=1980&rft.aulast=Kostermans&rft.aufirst=A.J.G.H.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:Cite_book" title="ਫਰਮਾ:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gunatilleke-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gunatilleke_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite id="CITEREFAshtonGunatillekede_ZoysaDassanayake1997" class="citation book cs1">Ashton, M; Gunatilleke, S; de Zoysa, N; Dassanayake, MD; Gunatilleke, N; Wijesundera, S (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130606141603/http://www.wht.lk/storage/book_downloads/-Trees%20%20Shrubs.pdf"><i>A Field Guide to the Common Trees and Shrubs of Sri Lanka</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Colombo. p. 140. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wht.lk/storage/book_downloads/-Trees%20%20Shrubs.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2013-06-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-12-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Field+Guide+to+the+Common+Trees+and+Shrubs+of+Sri+Lanka&rft.place=Colombo&rft.pages=140&rft.date=1997&rft.aulast=Ashton&rft.aufirst=M&rft.au=Gunatilleke%2C+S&rft.au=de+Zoysa%2C+N&rft.au=Dassanayake%2C+MD&rft.au=Gunatilleke%2C+N&rft.au=Wijesundera%2C+S&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wht.lk%2Fstorage%2Fbook_downloads%2F-Trees%2520%2520Shrubs.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:Cite_book" title="ਫਰਮਾ:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r765793"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tripuratourism.gov.in/symbol">"State Symbols of Tripura | Tripura Tourism Development Corporation Ltd"</a>. <i>tripuratourism.gov.in</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-04-28</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tripuratourism.gov.in&rft.atitle=State+Symbols+of+Tripura+%7C+Tripura+Tourism+Development+Corporation+Ltd.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftripuratourism.gov.in%2Fsymbol&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpa.wikipedia.org%3A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%97+%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B0" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ਨਾਗ_ਕੇਸਰ&oldid=606971">https://pa.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ਨਾਗ_ਕੇਸਰ&oldid=606971</a>" ਤੋਂ ਲਿਆ</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%96%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8:%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%82" title="ਖ਼ਾਸ:ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ">ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:CS1 maint: location missing publisher (ਸਫ਼ਾ ਮੌਜੂਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ)">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">ਲੁਕਵੀਂਆਂ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀਆਂ: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:Pages_with_reference_errors" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:Pages with reference errors">Pages with reference errors</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A3%E0%A9%80:Pages_using_the_JsonConfig_extension" title="ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ:Pages using the JsonConfig extension">Pages using the JsonConfig extension</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ਇਸ ਸਫ਼ੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਖ਼ਰੀ ਸੋਧ 28 ਜੂਨ 2022 ਨੂੰ 16:08 ਵਜੇ ਹੋਈ।</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">ਇਹ ਲਿਖਤ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0</a> ਦੇ ਤਹਿਤ ਉਪਲਬਧ ਹੈ; 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