In Vitro Pharmacology | Ex Vivo Assays

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That said, the use of conventional cell lines to inform early decision-making is widely believed to contribute to the high failure rate of oncology drug candidates. While 2-dimensional <em>in vitro<\/em> models continue to play a role in early screening studies, researchers understand that newer, 3-dimensional cell cultures and spheroids better represent the <em>in vivo<\/em> setting. These more complex models not only provide more reliable information, they can help reduce the number of animals used in preclinical research. 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Pictured here: <a href=\"https:\/\/oncointel.certisoncology.com\/model\/a91eb732-4246-4df7-b2bc-ff64a1025eae\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">BarneyOI Model CRT00362<\/a, from a recurrent GBM pretreated with radiation and TMZ. \n<\/p>\n"},"video-service":"","video":{"id":"","title":"","description":""},"layout":{"background-color":"gray","direction":"right to left","vertical-align":"top"}}"></component-5f7cbffb57673><component-5f6e3c3648fee :arr="{"headline":"","content":"<h2>PDX-Derived Cell Cultures Build Bridge to In Vivo Studies<\/h2>\n<p>PDX-derived cell cultures provide a paired platform for transitioning from <em>in vitro<\/em> investigations to <em>in vivo<\/em> validation, or in some cases, revisiting <em>in vitro<\/em> analyses to better understand <em>in vivo<\/em> findings. For many of our PDX models, you will find well-characterized companion cell cultures already available in BarneyOI<sup>\u00ae<\/sup>, our cancer model database. Alternatively, custom-developed in vitro models are an important consideration. If you’re committed to reducing variables that can confound preclinical results, talk to us about developing spheroid cultures from the PDX models of your choosing.<\/p>\n","cta":{"title":"ACCESS DATABASE","url":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/for-drug-developers\/cancer-models-preclinical-studies\/","target":""},"media-option":"image","image":{"image":{"ID":6144,"id":6144,"title":"Spheroid_NIH-optimized","filename":"Spheroid_NIH-optimized.webp","filesize":26962,"url":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized.webp","link":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/for-drug-developers\/in-vitro-ex-vivo-pharmacology\/spheroid_nih-optimized\/","alt":"Spheroid_NIH-optimized","author":"6","description":"Spheroid_NIH-optimized","caption":"Spheroid_NIH-optimized","name":"spheroid_nih-optimized","status":"inherit","uploaded_to":5912,"date":"2024-01-26 19:28:42","modified":"2024-01-26 20:02:25","menu_order":0,"mime_type":"image\/webp","type":"image","subtype":"webp","icon":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-includes\/images\/media\/default.png","width":1360,"height":1024,"sizes":{"thumbnail":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized-150x150.webp","thumbnail-width":150,"thumbnail-height":150,"medium":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized-720x542.webp","medium-width":300,"medium-height":226,"medium_large":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized-768x578.webp","medium_large-width":768,"medium_large-height":578,"large":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized-960x723.webp","large-width":960,"large-height":723,"1536x1536":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized.webp","1536x1536-width":1360,"1536x1536-height":1024,"2048x2048":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized.webp","2048x2048-width":1360,"2048x2048-height":1024,"small":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized-540x407.webp","small-width":540,"small-height":407,"square-sm":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized-540x540.webp","square-sm-width":540,"square-sm-height":540,"square-md":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized-720x720.webp","square-md-width":720,"square-md-height":720,"portrait":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized-640x920.webp","portrait-width":640,"portrait-height":920,"landscape":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/Spheroid_NIH-optimized-960x640.webp","landscape-width":960,"landscape-height":640}},"href":"","title":"Understanding Cancer Cell Hypoxia and Metabolism","description":"<p>This image from the National Cancer Institute\\Simmons Comprehensive Cancer Center at the University of Texas shows a cultured tumor spheroid in a state of hypoxia under one percent oxygen. Hypoxic areas of the spheroid are marked in green, with nuclear DIPA co-staining (blue). Whether you opt for commercially available cell lines, send us your own proprietary lines, or leverage our in-house developed PDX-derived cultures, Certis can help you dive deeper into cancer cell hypoxia, changes in cancer cell metabolism and more. <\/p>\n"},"video-service":"","video":{"id":"","title":"","description":""},"layout":{"background-color":"white","direction":"left to right","vertical-align":"top"}}"></component-5f6e3c3648fee><component-5f6e4355bed24 :arr="{"content":"<h3>In Vitro Analysis Toolkit:<\/h3>\n<p>Cell Viability Assay \u2022 Proliferation Assay \u2022 Cell Cycle Assay \u2022 Cytotoxicity Assay \u2022 Protein Expression Analysis Assay \u2022 Proliferation Assay \u2022 Cell Cycle Assay \u2022 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) \u2022 Biomarker Assay \u2022 MSD Immunological Assay \u2022 Protocol Transfers, Assay Validation and Optimization \u2022 Custom Assay Development<\/p>\n<h3>Cell Line Development, Panels, Screens, Authentication:<\/h3>\n<p>Custom Patient-Derived Xenograft (PDX) Cell Line Development \u2022 High Content Screening with PDX Cell Lines and Traditional Cell Lines \u2022 Cell-Based Lead Screening<\/p>\n<h3>Cell Line Tagging Technologies:<\/h3>\n<p>96- or 384-Well Screening Formats \u2022 2D Cell Culture and 3D Cell Culture Phenotypic Profiling with Spectral Flow Cytometry Assay \u2022 Multiplex Custom Panel Design and Validation<\/p>\n<p> <\/p>\n","callout":{"headline":"Delivering Early Decision-Driving Data","content":"<p>Our full suite of <em>in vitro<\/em> and <em>ex vivo<\/em> pharmacology services support early investigations and hypothesis generation.<\/p>\n","image":false},"layout":{"background":"cells","style":"card","columns":"12","callout-columns":"1"}}"></component-5f6e4355bed24><component-5f6e40ba1bdc4 :arr="{"title":" ","content":"","headline":"In Vitro Pharmacology: Answers to Frequently Asked Questions","items":[{"ID":3363,"post_author":"6","post_date":"2021-09-17 18:17:19","post_date_gmt":"2021-09-17 18:17:19","post_content":"<p>Yes, our skilled team of <em>in vitro<\/em> scientists can optimize or validate your cellular assay or transfer your in-house protocol.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Will Certis optimize or validate a cellular assay for me?","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"will-certis-optimize-or-validate-an-assay-for-me","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-02-16 19:05:46","post_modified_gmt":"2024-02-16 19:05:46","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":3383,"guid":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/?post_type=type-faqs&p=3363","menu_order":0,"post_type":"type-faqs","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":6154,"post_author":"6","post_date":"2024-01-26 19:42:22","post_date_gmt":"2024-01-26 19:42:22","post_content":"\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=AGBQxyZHF5U&t=7s\">Take a video tour<\/a> of our CLIA-certified lab and other facilities now.<\/p>\n","post_title":"Can you provide an overview of your lab?","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"can-you-provide-an-overview-of-your-lab","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-01-26 19:42:23","post_modified_gmt":"2024-01-26 19:42:23","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/?post_type=type-faqs&p=6154","menu_order":0,"post_type":"type-faqs","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":6155,"post_author":"6","post_date":"2024-01-26 19:43:39","post_date_gmt":"2024-01-26 19:43:39","post_content":"\n<p>Certis implements high-quality control measures and optimal experimental parameters to help ensure data reliability and reproducible results. Each of our proprietary PDX and PDX- derived cell line models are genetically sequenced using next-generation technology; WES and RNAseq data is analyzed to confirm genetic fidelity of the model over serial passaging. We also apply spectral flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry techniques to verify the murine content in all of our models.<\/p>\n","post_title":"How does Certis ensure that in vitro pharmacology data is reliable and reproducible?","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"how-does-certis-ensure-that-in-vitro-pharmacology-data-is-reliable-and-reproducible","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-01-26 19:43:40","post_modified_gmt":"2024-01-26 19:43:40","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/?post_type=type-faqs&p=6155","menu_order":0,"post_type":"type-faqs","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":6156,"post_author":"6","post_date":"2024-01-26 19:43:57","post_date_gmt":"2024-01-26 19:43:57","post_content":"\n<p>3D cancer models, including 3D cell cultures and organoids can be manipulated for preclinical drug discovery and<em> in vitro<\/em> model development. Generally, 3D cell cultures maintain several aspects of <em>in vivo <\/em>cell and tumor growth and have enabled drug developers to better bridge the gap between <em>in vitr<\/em>o and <em>in vivo<\/em> studies. In 3D cell cultures, the tumor is dissociated into single-cell suspension and cultured in media as a monoculture or with other cell types. Tumor organoids, on the other hand, mimic organ organization and arise from adult, embryonic, or induced pluripotent stem cells, and are generally regarded as a complement to <em>in vivo <\/em>testing.\u00a0<\/p>\n","post_title":"How do Certis' 3D spheroidal cell cultures compare with organoids?","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"what-is-the-difference-between-a-tumor-organoid-and-tumor-spheroid","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-02-06 21:13:04","post_modified_gmt":"2024-02-06 21:13:04","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/?post_type=type-faqs&p=6156","menu_order":0,"post_type":"type-faqs","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":6157,"post_author":"6","post_date":"2024-01-26 19:44:13","post_date_gmt":"2024-01-26 19:44:13","post_content":"\n<p>A matched-pairs approach can reduce variability between early and definitive preclinical studies and may lead to better translation of preclinical data to the clinic. Proprietary patient-derived xenograft 3D cell cultures can be used for early screening investigations and hypothesis generation. When you are ready, move seamlessly into the matched PDX <em>in vivo<\/em>\u00a0model, or continue using the PDX-derived cell cultures\u00a0<em>in vivo<\/em>.<\/p>\n","post_title":"What are the benefits of using matched PDX pairs for my preclinical study?","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"what-are-the-benefits-of-using-matched-pdx-pairs-for-my-preclinical-study","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-02-06 21:14:15","post_modified_gmt":"2024-02-06 21:14:15","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/?post_type=type-faqs&p=6157","menu_order":0,"post_type":"type-faqs","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":6158,"post_author":"6","post_date":"2024-01-26 19:44:32","post_date_gmt":"2024-01-26 19:44:32","post_content":"\n<p>In the BarneyOI Cancer Model Database, use the Model Type filter to search for cell cultures. In the drop-down menu, select PDX-derived cell culture and\/or Patient-derived cell culture. <\/p>\n","post_title":"How do I search your tumor bank for cell cultures?","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"how-do-i-search-your-tumor-bank-for-cell-cultures","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-02-05 21:09:13","post_modified_gmt":"2024-02-05 21:09:13","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/?post_type=type-faqs&p=6158","menu_order":0,"post_type":"type-faqs","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"},{"ID":6159,"post_author":"6","post_date":"2024-01-26 19:45:13","post_date_gmt":"2024-01-26 19:45:13","post_content":"\n<p>The Certis Oncology laboratory is CLIA-certified for high-complexity testing. The United States Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) program regulates laboratories that test human specimens and ensures they give accurate, reliable, and timely patient test results regardless of where the test is performed. High-complexity testing requires rigorous quality control, quality assurance, proficiency testing and stricter personnel requirements. The Certis Oncology laboratory CLIA certification can be verified with our CLIA Number 05D2149049 on the <a href=\"https:\/\/qcor.cms.gov\/index_new.jsp\">CMS website<\/a>. Select \u201cCLIA Laboratory Lookup\u201d under \u201cTool\u201d in the left-hand navigation.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"138\" src=\"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/CLIA-imageCancer-Models_GBM-3D-Spheroid-optimized.webp\" alt=\"CLIA-logo\" class=\"wp-image-6161\"\/><\/figure>\n","post_title":"Please provide a list of accreditations for your laboratory.","post_excerpt":"","post_status":"publish","comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","post_password":"","post_name":"please-provide-a-list-of-accreditations-for-your-laboratory","to_ping":"","pinged":"","post_modified":"2024-02-05 21:16:49","post_modified_gmt":"2024-02-05 21:16:49","post_content_filtered":"","post_parent":0,"guid":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/?post_type=type-faqs&p=6159","menu_order":0,"post_type":"type-faqs","post_mime_type":"","comment_count":"0","filter":"raw"}],"cta":"","layout":{"background":"","background-offset":""}}"></component-5f6e40ba1bdc4><component-5f7e3c2a849f9 :arr="{"title":"Talk to Us About How We Can Help You Move Forward with the Most Promising Candidates Today ","description":"<h3 id=\"Enter-your-information\">Enter your information<a href=\"#Enter-your-information\"><\/a><\/h3>\n","id":"d2c7e296-8077-48de-9a07-bef5ead14e2d","options":{"active":""}}"></component-5f7e3c2a849f9><component-5f6e424bba9c9 :arr="{"headline":"How Can We Help?","description":"","cta":{"title":"Contact Us","url":"https:\/\/www.certisoncology.com\/contact-us\/","target":"_blank"},"layout":{"background":"cells","style":"default","sticky":true}}"></component-5f6e424bba9c9> </div> <footer> <div class="container"> <div class="d-flex flex-wrap flex-md-nowrap"> <div class="mb-4 mb-md-2 mb-lg-0 mr-sm-4"> <figure class="mb-3 mr-lg-6"> <img class="img-fluid d-block" src="/wp-content/themes/certis/images/certis-logo-lockup-white.svg"> </figure> <address> <div> <span class="street-address d-block">5626 Oberlin Drive, Suite 110</span> <span class="city state zip d-block mb-3">San Diego, CA 92121</span> </div> <div> <span class="phone d-block">Drug Development: 858-988-1033</span> <span class="phone d-block">Patients & Oncologists: 858-228-4110</span> <span class="phone d-block">Main: 858-952-1820</span> </div> </address> </div> <nav class="flex-grow-1"> <ul class="sections ml-0 ml-md-4"> <li> <h4 style="text-transform: uppercase;">Drug Developers</h4> <ul class="child-pages"> <li><a href="https://www.certisoncology.com/for-drug-developers/predictive-oncology-intelligence/">CertisAI™</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.certisoncology.com/for-drug-developers/cancer-models-preclinical-studies/">Cancer Models</a></li> <li><a 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