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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Parts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Parts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Types" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Types"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Types</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Types-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Types subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Types-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Order_of_use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Order_of_use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Order of use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Order_of_use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Material" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Material"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Material</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Material-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Special_purposes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Special_purposes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Special purposes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Special_purposes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Use</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Use-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-See_also-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle See also subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Plane-makers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Plane-makers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Plane-makers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Plane-makers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Citations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Citations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Citations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Citations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_and_cited_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_and_cited_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>General and cited references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_and_cited_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Plane (tool)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 68 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-68" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">68 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skaafgereedskap" title="Skaafgereedskap – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Skaafgereedskap" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AD%D8%AC" title="مسحج – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مسحج" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlopa" title="Garlopa – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Garlopa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C9%99nd%C9%99" title="Rəndə – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rəndə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Рубанак – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Рубанак" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5_(%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Ренде (инструмент) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ренде (инструмент)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobe" title="Hobe – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Hobe" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabod" title="Rabod – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Rabod" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ribot" title="Ribot – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ribot" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobl%C3%ADk" title="Hoblík – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hoblík" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B8vl" title="Høvl – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Høvl" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howwel" title="Howwel – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Howwel" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobel" title="Hobel – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hobel" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6%C3%B6vel" title="Höövel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Höövel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlopa" title="Garlopa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Garlopa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabotilo" title="Rabotilo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rabotilo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garlopa" title="Garlopa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Garlopa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%87_(%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C)" title="رنده (نجاری) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="رنده (نجاری)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabot" title="Rabot – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Rabot" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pl%C3%A1na_(uirlis)" title="Plána (uirlis) – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Plána (uirlis)" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B0%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%8B" title="રંદો – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="રંદો" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8C%80%ED%8C%A8" title="대패 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="대패" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A1" title="Ռանդա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռանդա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE" title="रंदा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रंदा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabot" title="Rabot – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Rabot" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hefill" title="Hefill – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hefill" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pialla" title="Pialla – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pialla" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%A6%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%94" title="מקצועה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מקצועה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasah" title="Pasah – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Pasah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8B%E0%B2%AA%E0%B2%A1" title="ತೋಪಡ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ತೋಪಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randa" title="Randa – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Randa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B6" title="Струж – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Струж" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%8B%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Пыжар – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Пыжар" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runcina" title="Runcina – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Runcina" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%92vele" title="Ēvele – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ēvele" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oblius" title="Oblius – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Oblius" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sruugu" title="Sruugu – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Sruugu" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gyalu_(szersz%C3%A1m)" title="Gyalu (szerszám) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Gyalu (szerszám)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%82%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B3" title="Струг – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Струг" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE_(%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0)" title="रंधा (अवजार) – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रंधा (अवजार)" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%87_(%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%87)" title="فاره (اداه) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فاره (اداه)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketam_kayu" title="Ketam kayu – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ketam kayu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schaaf" title="Schaaf – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Schaaf" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%89%8B" title="鉋 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="鉋" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B8vel" title="Høvel – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Høvel" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B8vel" title="Høvel – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Høvel" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rab%C3%B2t" title="Rabòt – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Rabòt" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Randa" title="Randa – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Randa" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strug" title="Strug – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Strug" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plaina" title="Plaina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Plaina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Рубанок – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Рубанок" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chianozzu" title="Chianozzu – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Chianozzu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane_(tool)" title="Plane (tool) – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Plane (tool)" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hobl%C3%ADk" title="Hoblík – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hoblík" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoblerica" title="Hoblerica – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Hoblerica" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B6yl%C3%A4" title="Höylä – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Höylä" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyvel" title="Hyvel – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hyvel" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katam" title="Katam – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Katam" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%BF" title="சீவுளி – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="சீவுளி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%89" title="กบไสไม้ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กบไสไม้" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planya" title="Planya – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Planya" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Рубанок – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Рубанок" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A0o_(d%E1%BB%A5ng_c%E1%BB%A5)" title="Bào (dụng cụ) – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bào (dụng cụ)" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabot" title="Rabot – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Rabot" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sapyo" title="Sapyo – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sapyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" 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class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Tool for working with wood</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:JackPlane3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JackPlane3.jpg/300px-JackPlane3.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="197" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JackPlane3.jpg/450px-JackPlane3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/JackPlane3.jpg/600px-JackPlane3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1312" /></a><figcaption>Craftsman No. 5 <a href="/wiki/Jack_plane" title="Jack plane">jack plane</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plane_Tool.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Plane_Tool.jpg/220px-Plane_Tool.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Plane_Tool.jpg/330px-Plane_Tool.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Plane_Tool.jpg/440px-Plane_Tool.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3190" data-file-height="1827" /></a><figcaption>A hand plane in use</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>hand plane</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Tool" title="Tool">tool</a> for shaping <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a> using <a href="/wiki/Muscle_power" class="mw-redirect" title="Muscle power">muscle power</a> to force the cutting blade over the wood surface. Some rotary <b>power planers</b> are motorized <a href="/wiki/Power_tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Power tools">power tools</a> used for the same types of larger tasks, but are unsuitable for fine-scale planing, where a miniature hand plane is used. </p><p>Generally, all planes are used to flatten, reduce the thickness of, and impart a smooth surface to a rough piece of <a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">lumber</a> or timber. Planing is also used to produce horizontal, vertical, or inclined flat surfaces on workpieces usually too large for shaping, where the integrity of the whole requires the same smooth surface. Special types of planes are designed to cut <a href="/wiki/Woodworking_joints" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodworking joints">joints</a> or <a href="/wiki/Molding_(decorative)" title="Molding (decorative)">decorative mouldings</a>. </p><p>Hand planes are generally the combination of a cutting edge, such as a sharpened metal plate, attached to a firm body, that when moved over a wood surface, take up relatively uniform shavings, by nature of the body riding on the 'high spots' in the wood, and also by providing a relatively constant angle to the cutting edge, render the planed surface very smooth. A cutter that extends below the bottom surface, or <b>sole</b>, of the plane slices off shavings of wood. A large, flat sole on a plane guides the cutter to remove only the highest parts of an imperfect surface, until, after several passes, the surface is flat and smooth. When used for flattening, bench planes with longer soles are preferred for boards with longer longitudinal dimensions. A longer sole registers against a greater portion of the board's face or edge surface which leads to a more consistently flat surface or straighter edge. Conversely, using a smaller plane allows for more localized low or high spots to remain. </p><p>Though most planes are pushed across a piece of wood, holding it with one or both hands, <a href="/wiki/Japanese_plane" title="Japanese plane">Japanese planes</a> are pulled toward the body, not pushed away. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Woodworking_machinery" class="mw-redirect" title="Woodworking machinery">Woodworking machinery</a> that perform a similar function as hand planes include the <a href="/wiki/Jointer" title="Jointer">jointer</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Thickness_planer" title="Thickness planer">thickness planer</a>, also called a thicknesser; the job these specialty power tools can still be done by hand planers and skilled manual labor as it was for many centuries. When <a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">rough lumber</a> is reduced to <a href="/wiki/Dimensional_lumber" class="mw-redirect" title="Dimensional lumber">dimensional lumber</a>, a large <a href="/wiki/Electric_motor" title="Electric motor">electric motor</a> or <a href="/wiki/Internal_combustion_engine" title="Internal combustion engine">internal combustion engine</a> will drive a thickness planer that removes a certain percentage of excess wood to create a uniform, smooth surface on all four sides of the board and in specialty woods, may also plane the cut edges. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Planes_tools_roman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Planes_tools_roman.jpg/220px-Planes_tools_roman.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Planes_tools_roman.jpg/330px-Planes_tools_roman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Planes_tools_roman.jpg/440px-Planes_tools_roman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Roman planes found in Germany, dating to the 1st to 3rd century AD</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaina_Manual-_lado_b-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Plaina_Manual-_lado_b-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg/220px-Plaina_Manual-_lado_b-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Plaina_Manual-_lado_b-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg/330px-Plaina_Manual-_lado_b-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Plaina_Manual-_lado_b-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg/440px-Plaina_Manual-_lado_b-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4624" data-file-height="3468" /></a><figcaption>Hand planer</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaina_Manual-_parte_inferior_-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Plaina_Manual-_parte_inferior_-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg/220px-Plaina_Manual-_parte_inferior_-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Plaina_Manual-_parte_inferior_-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg/330px-Plaina_Manual-_parte_inferior_-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Plaina_Manual-_parte_inferior_-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg/440px-Plaina_Manual-_parte_inferior_-_Museu_da_Capitania_de_ilh%C3%A9us.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4315" data-file-height="2433" /></a><figcaption>Hand planer bottom</figcaption></figure> <p>Hand planes are ancient, originating thousands of years ago. Early planes were made from wood with a rectangular slot or <a href="/wiki/Mortise_and_tenon" title="Mortise and tenon">mortise</a> cut across the center of the body. The cutting blade or iron was held in place with a wooden wedge. The wedge was tapped into the mortise and adjusted with a small <a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">mallet</a>, a piece of scrap wood or with the heel of the user's hand. Planes of this type have been found in excavations of old sites as well as drawings of woodworking from medieval Europe and Asia. The earliest known examples of the woodworking plane have been found in <a href="/wiki/Pompeii" title="Pompeii">Pompeii</a>, although other <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">Roman</a> examples have been unearthed in <a href="/wiki/Roman_Britain" title="Roman Britain">Britain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Germania" title="Germania">Germany</a>. The Roman planes resemble modern planes in essential function, most having <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a> wrapping a wooden core top, bottom, front and rear, and an iron <a href="/wiki/Blade" title="Blade">blade</a> secured with a <a href="/wiki/Wedge_(mechanical_device)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wedge (mechanical device)">wedge</a>. One example found in <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a> has a body made entirely of <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> without a wooden core.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Roman plane iron used for cutting <a href="/wiki/Molding_(decorative)" title="Molding (decorative)">moldings</a> was found in <a href="/wiki/Newstead,_Nottinghamshire" title="Newstead, Nottinghamshire">Newstead</a>, England.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Histories prior to these examples are not clear, but furniture pieces and other woodwork found in <a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egyptian</a> tombs show surfaces carefully smoothed with some manner of cutting edge or scraping tool. There are suggestions that the earliest planes were simply wooden blocks fastened to the soles of <a href="/wiki/Adze" title="Adze">adzes</a> to effect greater control of the cutting action. </p><p>In the mid-1860s, <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bailey_(inventor)" title="Leonard Bailey (inventor)">Leonard Bailey</a> began producing a line of cast iron-bodied hand planes, the patents for which were later purchased by Stanley Rule & Level, now <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Black_%26_Decker" title="Stanley Black & Decker">Stanley Black & Decker</a>. The original Bailey designs were further evolved and added to by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Justus_Traut&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Justus Traut (page does not exist)">Justus Traut</a> and others at Stanley Rule & Level. The Bailey and <a href="/wiki/Bedrock_plane" title="Bedrock plane">Bedrock</a> designs became the basis for most modern metal hand plane designs manufactured today. The Bailey design is still manufactured by Stanley Black & Decker.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="originally claimed for Stanley but the company no longer exists (June 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1918 an air-powered handheld planing tool was developed to reduce shipbuilding labor during World War I. The air-driven cutter spun at 8,000–15,000 rpm and allowed one man to do the planing work of up to fifteen men who used manual tools.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Modern hand planes are made from wood, <a href="/wiki/Ductile_iron" title="Ductile iron">ductile iron</a> or <a href="/wiki/Bronze" title="Bronze">bronze</a> which produces a tool that is heavier and will not rust. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parts">Parts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Parts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plane_parts.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Plane_parts.jpg/300px-Plane_parts.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Plane_parts.jpg/450px-Plane_parts.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Plane_parts.jpg/600px-Plane_parts.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>Bench plane (top), block plane (below)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bench_plane_iron.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Bench_plane_iron.jpg/220px-Bench_plane_iron.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Bench_plane_iron.jpg/330px-Bench_plane_iron.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Bench_plane_iron.jpg/440px-Bench_plane_iron.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2047" data-file-height="987" /></a><figcaption>A modern milled chipbreaker secured atop a bench plane iron</figcaption></figure> <p>The standard components of a hand plane include: </p> <div><ol style="list-style-type:upper-alpha"><li><b>mouth</b>: an opening in the sole of the plane through which the blade extends, and through which wood shavings rise.</li><li><b>iron</b>: a steel blade which cuts the wood.</li><li><b>lever cap</b>: secures the cap iron and iron firmly to the frog.</li><li><b>depth adjustment knob</b>: controls the cutting depth of the iron.</li><li><b>knob</b>: allows a second hand to guide the plane.</li><li><b>cap iron</b> or <b>chipbreaker</b>: reinforces the iron and curls and breaks apart wood shavings as they pass through the mouth.</li><li><b>lateral adjustment lever</b>: skews the iron so that the depth of cut is uniform across the mouth.</li><li><b>tote</b>: the principal handle for gripping the plane.</li><li><b>cam lever</b>: pivots a sliding section of the forward end of the sole to adjust the gap in the plane's mouth. It is anchored to the threaded post of the knob and secured by tightening the knob.</li><li><b>frog</b>: an adjustable iron wedge that holds the plane iron at the proper angle and allows it to be varied in depth relative to the sole. The frog is screwed down to the inside of the sole through two parallel slots and on many planes is only adjustable with a screwdriver when the plane iron is removed. Some planes, such as the <a href="/wiki/Stanley_Black_%26_Decker" title="Stanley Black & Decker">Stanley</a> <a href="/wiki/Bedrock_plane" title="Bedrock plane">Bedrock</a> line and bench planes made by <a href="/wiki/Lie-Nielsen_Toolworks" title="Lie-Nielsen Toolworks">Lie-Nielsen</a> and WoodRiver/<a href="/wiki/Woodcraft_Supply" title="Woodcraft Supply">Woodcraft</a>, have a screw mechanism that allows the frog to be adjusted without removing the blade.</li><li><b>sole</b>: the bottom face of the plane.</li></ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types">Types</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Veritas_router_plane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Veritas_router_plane.jpg/220px-Veritas_router_plane.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Veritas_router_plane.jpg/330px-Veritas_router_plane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Veritas_router_plane.jpg/440px-Veritas_router_plane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Router_plane" title="Router plane">Router plane</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Most planes fall within the categories (by size) of <b><a href="/wiki/Block_plane" title="Block plane">block plane</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/Smoothing_plane" title="Smoothing plane">smoothing plane</a></b>, and <b>jointing plane</b>. Specialty planes include the <a href="/wiki/Shoulder_plane" title="Shoulder plane">shoulder plane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Router_plane" title="Router plane">router plane</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bullnose_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Bullnose plane">bullnose plane</a>, and <b>chisel plane</b>, among others. </p><p>Electrically powered <b>hand planers</b> (loosely referred to as <b>power planes</b>) have joined the hand-held plane family. </p><p>Bench planes are characterized by having their cutting bevel facing down and attached to a chipbreaker. Most metal bench planes, as well as some larger wooden ones, are designed with a rear handle known as a tote. Block planes are characterized by the absence of a chipbreaker and the cutting iron bedded with the bevel up. The block plane is a smaller tool that can be held with one hand and that excels at working across the grain on a cut end of a board (end grain). It is also good for general purpose work such as taking down a knot in the wood, smoothing small pieces, and <a href="/wiki/Chamfer" title="Chamfer">chamfering</a> edges. </p><p>Different types of bench planes are designed to perform different tasks, the name and size of the plane being defined according to its use. Bailey iron bench planes were designated by number with respect to the length of the plane. This has carried over through the type, regardless of manufacturer. A No. 1 plane is but little more than five inches long. A typical smoothing plane (approx. nine inches) is usually a No. 4, jack planes at about fourteen inches are No. 5, an eighteen-inch <a href="/wiki/Fore_plane" title="Fore plane">fore plane</a> will be a No. 6, and the jointer planes at twenty-two to twenty-four inches in length are No. 7 or 8, respectively. A designation, such as No. 4<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> indicates a plane of No. 4 length but slightly wider. A designation such as 5<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> indicates the length of a No. 5 but slightly wider (actually, the width of a No. 6 or a No. 7), while a designation such as 5<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> indicates the length of a No. 5 but slightly narrower (actually, the width of a No. 3). "Bedrock" versions of the above are simply 600 added to the base number (although no "601" was ever produced, such a plane is indeed available from specialist dealers; 602 through 608, including all the fractionals, were made). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Order_of_use">Order of use</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Order of use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stanley_transitional_jointer_plane.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Stanley_transitional_jointer_plane.jpg/220px-Stanley_transitional_jointer_plane.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Stanley_transitional_jointer_plane.jpg/330px-Stanley_transitional_jointer_plane.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Stanley_transitional_jointer_plane.jpg/440px-Stanley_transitional_jointer_plane.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1612" data-file-height="1054" /></a><figcaption>Stanley No. 32 transitional jointer plane (26 inches long)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Strug_gladzik.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Strug_gladzik.jpg/220px-Strug_gladzik.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Strug_gladzik.jpg/330px-Strug_gladzik.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Strug_gladzik.jpg/440px-Strug_gladzik.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2015" data-file-height="1232" /></a><figcaption>A smoothing plane</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Frame"><a href="/wiki/File:Kanna2.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e3/Kanna2.gif" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="150" /></a><figcaption>A Japanese plane in use</figcaption></figure> <p>A typical order of use in flattening, truing, and smoothing a rough sawn board might be: </p> <ul><li>A <b><a href="/wiki/Scrub_plane" title="Scrub plane">scrub plane</a></b>, which removes large amounts of wood quickly, is typically around 9 inches (230 mm) long, but narrower than a smoothing plane, has an iron with a convex cutting edge and has a wider mouth opening to accommodate the ejection of thicker shavings/chips.</li> <li>A <b><a href="/wiki/Jack_plane" title="Jack plane">jack plane</a></b> is up to 14 inches (360 mm) long, continues the job of roughing out, but with more accuracy and flattening capability than the scrub.</li> <li>A <b><a href="/wiki/Jointer_plane" title="Jointer plane">jointer plane</a></b> (including the smaller 14 to 20 inches (360 to 510 mm)<sup id="cite_ref-pw_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pw-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <b><a href="/wiki/Fore_plane" title="Fore plane">fore plane</a></b>) is between 22 and 30 inches (560 and 760 mm)<sup id="cite_ref-pw_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pw-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> long, and is used for jointing and final flattening out of boards.</li> <li>A <b><a href="/wiki/Smoothing_plane" title="Smoothing plane">smoothing plane</a></b>, up to 10 inches (250 mm) long, is used to begin preparing the surface for finishing.</li> <li>A <b>polishing plane</b> (<i><a href="/wiki/Japanese_plane" title="Japanese plane">kanna</a></i>) is a traditional Japanese plane designed to take a smaller shaving than a Western smoothing plane to create an extremely smooth surface. Polishing planes are the same length as western smoothing planes, and unlike Western planes, which are pushed across a board, is pulled with both hands towards the user.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Material">Material</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Material"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Planes may also be classified by the material of which they are constructed: </p> <ul><li>A <b>wooden plane</b> is entirely wood except for the blade. The iron is held into the plane with a wooden wedge and is adjusted by striking the plane with a hammer.</li> <li>A <b>transitional plane</b> has a wooden body with a metal casting set in it to hold and adjust the blade.</li> <li>A <b>metal plane</b> is largely constructed of metal, except, perhaps, for the handles.</li> <li>An <b>infill plane</b> has a body of metal filled with very dense and hardwood on which the blade rests and the handles are formed. They are typically of English or Scottish manufacture. They are prized for their ability to smooth difficult grained woods when set very finely.</li> <li>A <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Side-escapement_plane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Side-escapement plane (page does not exist)">side-escapement plane</a></b> has a tall, narrow, wooden body with an iron held in place by a wedge. They are characterized by the method of shaving ejection. Instead of being expelled from the center of the plane and exiting from the top, these planes have a slit in the side by which the shaving is ejected. On some variations, the slit is accompanied by a circular bevel cut in the side of the plane.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Special_purposes">Special purposes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Special purposes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stanley_Plane_92_(3).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Stanley_Plane_92_%283%29.jpg/220px-Stanley_Plane_92_%283%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Stanley_Plane_92_%283%29.jpg/330px-Stanley_Plane_92_%283%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Stanley_Plane_92_%283%29.jpg/440px-Stanley_Plane_92_%283%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1312" /></a><figcaption>Stanley No. 92 <a href="/wiki/Rabbet_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabbet plane">rabbet plane</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stanley_Plane_78_(5).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Stanley_Plane_78_%285%29.jpg/220px-Stanley_Plane_78_%285%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Stanley_Plane_78_%285%29.jpg/330px-Stanley_Plane_78_%285%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Stanley_Plane_78_%285%29.jpg/440px-Stanley_Plane_78_%285%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="1312" /></a><figcaption>Stanley No. 78 fillister plane</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fingerhoevle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Fingerhoevle.jpg/220px-Fingerhoevle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Fingerhoevle.jpg/330px-Fingerhoevle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Fingerhoevle.jpg/440px-Fingerhoevle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="378" /></a><figcaption>Finger planes. Note the size.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stanley_55_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Stanley_55_01.jpg/220px-Stanley_55_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Stanley_55_01.jpg/330px-Stanley_55_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Stanley_55_01.jpg/440px-Stanley_55_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Stanley No. 55 combination plane</figcaption></figure> <p>Some special types of planes include: </p> <ul><li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Rabbet_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Rabbet plane">rabbet plane</a></b>, also known as a rebate or openside plane, which cuts rabbets (rebates) i.e. shoulders, or steps.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Shoulder_plane" title="Shoulder plane">shoulder plane</a></b>, is characterized by a cutter that is flush with the edges of the plane, allowing trimming right up to the edge of a workpiece. It is commonly used to clean up dadoes (housings) and tenons for joinery.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fillister_plane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fillister plane (page does not exist)">fillister plane</a></b>, similar to a rabbet plane, with a fence that registers on the board's edge to cut rabbets with an accurate width.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Moulding_plane" title="Moulding plane">moulding plane</a></b>, which is used to cut mouldings along the edge of a board.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Grooving_plane" title="Grooving plane">grooving plane</a></b> which is used to cut grooves along the edge of a board for joining. Grooves are the same as dadoes/housings but are being distinguished by running with the grain.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Plow_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Plow plane">plow/plough plane</a></b>, which cuts grooves and dadoes (housings) not in direct contact with the edge of the board.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Router_plane" title="Router plane">router plane</a></b>, which cleans up the bottom of recesses such as shallow mortises, grooves, and dadoes (housings). Router planes come in several sizes and can also be pressed into service to thickness the cheeks of tenons so that they are parallel to the face of the board.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chisel_plane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chisel plane (page does not exist)">chisel plane</a></b>, similar to a bullnose plane, but with an exposed blade which allows it to remove wood up to a perpendicular surface such as from the bottom inside of a box.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Finger_plane" title="Finger plane">finger plane</a></b>, which is used for smoothing very small pieces such as toy parts, very thin strips of wood, etc. The very small curved bottom varieties are known as violin makers planes and are used in making stringed instruments.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Bullnose_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Bullnose plane">bullnose plane</a></b> has a very short leading edge, or "toe", to its body, and so can be used in tight spaces; most commonly of the shoulder and rabbet variety. Some bullnose planes have a removable toe so that they can pull double duty as a chisel plane.</li> <li>The <b>combination plane</b>, which combines the function of moulding and rabbet planes, which has different cutters and adjustments.</li> <li>The <b>circular</b> or <b><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238216509">.mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#b1d2ff}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .vanchor>:target~.vanchor-text{background-color:#0f4dc9}}</style><span class="vanchor"><span id="compass_plane"></span><span class="vanchor-text">compass plane</span></span></b>, which utilizes an adjustment system to control the flex on a steel sheet sole and create a uniform curve. A concave setting permits great control for planing large curves, like table sides or chair arms, and the convex works well for chair arms, legs and backs, and other applications. The compass plane, which has a flexible sole with an adjustable curve and is used to plane concave and convex surfaces. Typically used in wooden boat building.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toothed_plane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Toothed plane (page does not exist)">toothed plane</a></b>, which is used for smoothing wood with irregular grain.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and for preparing stock for traditional hammer veneering applications.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/wiki/Spill_plane" title="Spill plane">spill plane</a> </b> which creates long, spiraling wood shavings or tapers.</li> <li>The <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spar_plane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spar plane (page does not exist)">spar plane</a></b>, which is used for smoothing round shapes, like boat masts and chair legs.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <b><a href="/w/index.php?title=Match_plane&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Match plane (page does not exist)">match plane</a></b>, which is used for making tongue and groove boards.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Hollows and rounds are similar to moulding planes, but lack a specific moulding profile. Instead, they cut either a simple concave or convex shape on the face or edge of a board to create a single element of a complex-profile moulding. They are used in pairs or sets of various sizes to create moulding profile elements such as fillets, coves, bullnoses, thumbnails ovolos, ogees, etc. When making mouldings, hollows and rounds must be used together to create the several shapes of the profile. However, they may be used as a single plane to create a simple decorative cove or round-over on the edge of a board. Many of these hollows and rounds can be classified in the category of side-escapement planes.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use">Use</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Use"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:With-against-grain-en.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/With-against-grain-en.svg/220px-With-against-grain-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="279" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/With-against-grain-en.svg/330px-With-against-grain-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/With-against-grain-en.svg/440px-With-against-grain-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="705" data-file-height="893" /></a><figcaption>Planing <i>with the grain</i> and <i>against the grain</i></figcaption></figure> <p>Planing <a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">wood</a> along its side <a href="/wiki/Wood_grain" title="Wood grain">grain</a> should result in thin shavings rising above the surface of the wood as the edge of the plane iron is pushed forward, leaving a smooth surface, but sometimes splintering occurs. This is largely a matter of cutting <i>with the grain</i> or <i>against the grain</i> respectively, referring to the side grain of the piece of wood being worked. </p><p>The grain direction can be determined by looking at the edge or side of the work piece. Wood fibers can be seen running out to the surface that is being planed. When the fibers meet the work surface it looks like the point of an arrow that indicates the direction. With some very figured and difficult woods, the grain runs in many directions and therefore working against the grain is inevitable. In this case, a very sharp and finely-set blade is required. </p><p>When planing <i>against the grain</i>, the wood fibers are lifted by the plane iron, resulting in a jagged finish, called <b>tearout</b>. </p><p>Planing across the grain is sometimes called traverse or transverse planing. </p><p>Planing the end grain of the board involves different techniques and frequently different planes designed for working end grain. Block planes and other bevel-up planes are often effective in planing the difficult nature of end grain. These planes are usually designed to use an iron bedded at a low angle, typically about 12 degrees. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Card_scraper" title="Card scraper">Card scraper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheese_slicer" class="mw-redirect" title="Cheese slicer">Cheese slicer</a>, a culinary plane-like tool</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Planer_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Planer (disambiguation)">Planer (disambiguation)</a> for other types of planing tools and machines</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shooting_board" title="Shooting board">Shooting board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokeshave" title="Spokeshave">Spokeshave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buswartehobel" title="Buswartehobel">Buswartehobel</a>, a plane-shaped bus stop shelter in <a href="/wiki/Zachenberg" title="Zachenberg">Zachenberg</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Plane-makers">Plane-makers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Plane-makers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Mathieson_%26_Sons" title="Alexander Mathieson & Sons">Alexander Mathieson & Sons</a>, a Scottish plane manufacturer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cesar_Chelor" title="Cesar Chelor">Cesar Chelor</a>, earliest documented plane-maker from North America.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holtzapffel" title="Holtzapffel">Holtzapffel</a>, a London plane manufacturer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lie-Nielsen_Toolworks" title="Lie-Nielsen Toolworks">Lie-Nielsen Toolworks</a>, a U.S. maker of artisan tools</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millers_Falls_Company" title="Millers Falls Company">Millers Falls Company</a>, plane-maker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._Norris_%26_Son" title="T. Norris & Son">T. Norris & Son</a>, a London plane-maker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Preston_%26_Sons" title="Edward Preston & Sons">Edward Preston & Sons</a>, a plane manufacturer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_Works" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanley Works">Stanley Works</a>, a major US plane manufacturer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stewart_Spiers" title="Stewart Spiers">Stewart Spiers</a>, a Scottish plane-maker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veritas_Tools" class="mw-redirect" title="Veritas Tools">Veritas Tools</a>, a Canadian plane manufacturer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tramontina" title="Tramontina">Tramontina</a>, a Brazilian company</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">C. W. Hampton, E. Clifford (1959). <i>Planecraft</i>. p. 9. C. & J. Hampton Ltd.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mercer, Henry C. (1975). <i>Ancient Carpenters' Tools</i>. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/Bucks_County,_Pennsylvania" title="Bucks County, Pennsylvania">Bucks County, Pennsylvania</a>: Bucks County Historical Society.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EikDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA68">"Planing Ship Timbers with Little Machines"</a>. <i>Popular Science</i>. Vol. 93, no. 6. Bonnier Corporation. December 1918. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0161-7370">0161-7370</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Popular+Science&rft.atitle=Planing+Ship+Timbers+with+Little+Machines&rft.volume=93&rft.issue=6&rft.date=1918-12&rft.issn=0161-7370&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEikDAAAAMBAJ%26pg%3DPA68&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlane+%28tool%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pw-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-pw_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-pw_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.popularwoodworking.com/tools/understanding_bench_planes">"Understanding Bench Planes"</a>. 14 February 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180430114047/https://www.popularwoodworking.com/tools/understanding_bench_planes">Archived</a> from the original on 30 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Understanding+Bench+Planes&rft.date=2019-02-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.popularwoodworking.com%2Ftools%2Funderstanding_bench_planes&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlane+%28tool%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140707173426/http://fine-tools.com/G301211.htm">"Toothed Plane"</a>. ECE. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fine-tools.com/G301211.htm">the original</a> on 2014-07-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-12-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Toothed+Plane&rft.pub=ECE&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.fine-tools.com%2FG301211.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlane+%28tool%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forum.woodenboat.com/showthread.php?144707-Shaping-plane-for-rounding-a-spar">"Shaping plane for rounding a spar"</a>. <i>The WoodenBoat Forum</i>. March 4, 2012. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052819/http://forum.woodenboat.com/showthread.php?144707-Shaping-plane-for-rounding-a-spar">Archived</a> from the original on March 4, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">December 11,</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+WoodenBoat+Forum&rft.atitle=Shaping+plane+for+rounding+a+spar&rft.date=2012-03-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fforum.woodenboat.com%2Fshowthread.php%3F144707-Shaping-plane-for-rounding-a-spar&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlane+%28tool%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.handplane.com/233/stanley-no-148-match-plane/">"Stanley No. 148 Match Plane"</a>. 7 July 2006. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141214223939/http://www.handplane.com/233/stanley-no-148-match-plane/">Archived</a> from the original on 14 December 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 December</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stanley+No.+148+Match+Plane&rft.date=2006-07-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.handplane.com%2F233%2Fstanley-no-148-match-plane%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APlane+%28tool%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="General_and_cited_references">General and cited references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: General and cited references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Greber, Josef M. (1956, reprinted 1987) <i>Die Geschichte des Hobels. Von der Steinheit bis zur Enstehung der Holzwerkzeugfabriken im frühen 19. Jahrhundert</i>, Zurich, reprinted Hanover: Verlag Th. Schäfer. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/246467323">246467323</a>.</li> <li>Greber, Josef M., transl. by Seth W. Burchard (1991) <i>The History of the Woodworking Plane from the Stone Age to the Development of Woodworking Factories in the Early 19th Century</i>. Albany, NY: Early American Industries Association. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/602189643">602189643</a>.</li> <li>Hack, Garrett (1997) <i>The Handplane Book</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56158-155-0" title="Special:BookSources/1-56158-155-0">1-56158-155-0</a>.</li> <li>Hoadley, R. Bruce (2000) <i>Understanding Wood: A Craftsman’s Guide to Wood Technology</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56158-358-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-56158-358-8">1-56158-358-8</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_R._Russell" title="David R. Russell">Russell, David R.</a>, with Robert Lesage and photographs by <a href="/wiki/James_Austin_(photographer)" title="James Austin (photographer)">James Austin</a>, cataloguing assisted by Peter Hackett (2010) <i> <a href="/wiki/Antique_Woodworking_Tools" title="Antique Woodworking Tools">Antique Woodworking Tools: Their Craftsmanship from the Earliest Times to the Twentieth Century</a></i>. Cambridge: <a href="/wiki/John_Adamson_(publisher)" title="John Adamson (publisher)">John Adamson</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-898565-05-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-898565-05-5">978-1-898565-05-5</a>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/727125586">727125586</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raphael_Salaman" title="Raphael Salaman">Salaman, R. A.</a> (1989) <i>Dictionary of Woodworking Tools</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-04-440256-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-04-440256-2">0-04-440256-2</a>.</li> <li>Todd, R., Allen, D., Alting, L., <i>Manufacturing Processes Reference Guide</i>, p. 124, 1994</li> <li>Watson, Aldren A. (1982) <i>Hand Tools: Their Ways and Workings</i>. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-55821-224-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-55821-224-8">1-55821-224-8</a>.</li> <li>Whelan, John M. (1993) <i>The Wooden Plane: Its History, Form and Function</i> Mendham, NJ: Astragal Press <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-879335-32-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-879335-32-5">978-1-879335-32-5</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Plane_(tool)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Planes_(tools)" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Planes (tools)">Plane (tool)</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.handplane.com">Handplane Central</a> Information for all types of hand planes, including wooden planes, infill planes and Stanley type planes. Also information on how to make hand planes.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.finetools.com">Catalog of American Patented Antique Tools</a> A pictorial collection of antique planes and other tools showing some of the variety in styles.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.record-planes.com">The history, types, collector value and other information on the British hand plane maker Record Planes</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://oldwoodplanes.co.uk/">Old woodworking planes</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180907054817/http://oldwoodplanes.co.uk/">Archived</a> 2018-09-07 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Compass_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Compass plane">Compass plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finger_plane" title="Finger plane">Finger plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fore_plane" title="Fore plane">Fore plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grooving_plane" title="Grooving plane">Grooving plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_plane" title="Jack plane">Jack plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_plane" title="Japanese plane">Japanese plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jointer_plane" title="Jointer plane">Jointer plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulding_plane" title="Moulding plane">Moulding plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razee_plane" title="Razee plane">Razee plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebate_plane" title="Rebate plane">Rebate plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Router_plane" title="Router plane">Router plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrub_plane" title="Scrub plane">Scrub plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder_plane" title="Shoulder plane">Shoulder plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoothing_plane" title="Smoothing plane">Smoothing plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokeshave" title="Spokeshave">Spokeshave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surform" title="Surform">Surform</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cutting_and_abrasive_tools" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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title="Adze">Adze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Axe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blade" title="Blade">Blade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolt_cutter" title="Bolt cutter">Bolt cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Broaching_(metalworking)" title="Broaching (metalworking)">Broach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnisher" title="Burnisher">Burnisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ceramic_tile_cutter" title="Ceramic tile cutter">Ceramic tile cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chisel" title="Chisel">Chisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Countersink" title="Countersink">Countersink</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cutting_tool_(machining)" title="Cutting tool (machining)">Cutting tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diagonal_pliers" title="Diagonal pliers">Diagonal pliers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_blade" title="Diamond blade">Diamond blade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamond_tool" title="Diamond tool">Diamond tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_cutter" title="Disc cutter">Disc cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drawknife" title="Drawknife">Drawknife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill_bit" title="Drill bit">Drill bit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emery_cloth" class="mw-redirect" title="Emery cloth">Emery cloth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/File_(tool)" title="File (tool)">File</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Froe" title="Froe">Froe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glass_cutter" title="Glass cutter">Glass cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grater" title="Grater">Grater</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinding_wheel" title="Grinding wheel">Grinding wheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honing_steel" title="Honing steel">Honing steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knife" title="Knife">Knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_cutting" title="Laser cutting">Laser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawn_mower" title="Lawn mower">Lawn mower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Machete" title="Machete">Machete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meat_slicer" title="Meat slicer">Meat slicer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mezzaluna" title="Mezzaluna">Mezzaluna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milling_cutter" title="Milling cutter">Milling cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nail_clipper" title="Nail clipper">Nail clipper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nibbler" title="Nibbler">Nibbler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxy-fuel_welding_and_cutting" title="Oxy-fuel welding and cutting">Oxy-fuel cutting torch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pencil_sharpener" title="Pencil sharpener">Pencil sharpener</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipecutter" title="Pipecutter">Pipecutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pizza_cutter" title="Pizza cutter">Pizza cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plasma_cutting" title="Plasma cutting">Plasma cutter</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pocket_knife" class="mw-redirect" title="Pocket knife">Pocket knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Putty_knife" title="Putty knife">Putty knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasp" title="Rasp">Rasp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razor" title="Razor">Razor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razor_strop" title="Razor strop">Razor strop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reamer" title="Reamer">Reamer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandpaper" title="Sandpaper">Sandpaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saw" title="Saw">Saw</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abrasive_saw" title="Abrasive saw">Abrasive saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandsaw" title="Bandsaw">Bandsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw" title="Chainsaw">Chainsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_saw" title="Circular saw">Circular saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concrete_saw" title="Concrete saw">Concrete saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coping_saw" title="Coping saw">Coping saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fretsaw" title="Fretsaw">Fretsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hacksaw" title="Hacksaw">Hacksaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_saw" title="Hand saw">Hand saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hole_saw" title="Hole saw">Hole saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miter_saw" title="Miter saw">Miter saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_saw" title="Wire saw">Wire saw</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scalpel" title="Scalpel">Scalpel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scissors" title="Scissors">Scissors</a></li> <li>Scraper <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Card_scraper" title="Card scraper">Card</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_scraper" title="Hand scraper">Hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint_scraper" class="mw-redirect" title="Paint scraper">Paint</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharpening_jig" title="Sharpening jig">Sharpening jig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharpening_stone" title="Sharpening stone">Sharpening stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snips" title="Snips">Snips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steel_wool" title="Steel wool">Steel wool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surform" title="Surform">Surform</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Switchblade" title="Switchblade">Switchblade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tool_bit" title="Tool bit">Tool bit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utility_knife" title="Utility knife">Utility knife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Water_jet_cutter" title="Water jet cutter">Water jet cutter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_brush" title="Wire brush">Wire brush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wire_stripper" title="Wire stripper">Wire stripper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Template:Types_of_tools" title="Template:Types of tools">Types of tools</a></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cleaning_tools" title="Template:Cleaning tools">Cleaning</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Cutting_and_abrasive_tools" title="Template:Cutting and abrasive tools">Cutting and abrasive</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Forestry_tools" title="Template:Forestry tools">Forestry</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Garden_tools" title="Template:Garden tools">Garden</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Hand_tools" title="Template:Hand tools">Hand</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Kitchen_tools" title="Template:Kitchen tools">Kitchen</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Machine_and_metalworking_tools" title="Template:Machine and metalworking tools">Machine and metalworking</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Masonry_tools" title="Template:Masonry tools">Masonry</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Measuring_and_alignment_tools" title="Template:Measuring and alignment tools">Measuring and alignment</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Mining_equipment" title="Template:Mining equipment">Mining</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Power_tools" title="Template:Power tools">Power</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Textile_tools" title="Template:Textile tools">Textile</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Template:Woodworking" title="Template:Woodworking">Woodworking</a></dd></dl> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Woodworking" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Woodworking" title="Template:Woodworking"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Woodworking" title="Template talk:Woodworking"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Woodworking" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Woodworking"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Woodworking" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Woodworking" title="Woodworking">Woodworking</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Overviews</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_wood_carving" title="History of wood carving">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_woodworking" title="Glossary of woodworking">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood" title="Wood">Wood</a> (<a href="/wiki/Lumber" title="Lumber">lumber</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Occupations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boat_building" title="Boat building">Boat building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_and_arrow" title="Bow and arrow">Bow and arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bush_carpentry" title="Bush carpentry">Bush carpentry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabinetry" title="Cabinetry">Cabinetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caning_(furniture)" title="Caning (furniture)">Caning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carpentry" title="Carpentry">Carpentry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Certosina" title="Certosina">Certosina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw_carving" title="Chainsaw carving">Chainsaw carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chip_carving" title="Chip carving">Chip carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89b%C3%A9niste" title="Ébéniste">Ébéniste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fretwork" title="Fretwork">Fretwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intarsia" title="Intarsia">Intarsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_carpentry" title="Japanese carpentry">Japanese carpentry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khatam" title="Khatam">Khatam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohlrosing" title="Kohlrosing">Kohlrosing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Log_building" title="Log building">Log building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luthier" title="Luthier">Luthier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquetry" title="Marquetry">Marquetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millwork" title="Millwork">Millwork</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallet_crafts" title="Pallet crafts">Pallet crafting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parquet" title="Parquet">Parquetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyrography" title="Pyrography">Pyrography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relief_carving" title="Relief carving">Relief carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Root_carving" title="Root carving">Root carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Segmented_turning" title="Segmented turning">Segmented turning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shingle_weaver" title="Shingle weaver">Shingle weaving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipbuilding" title="Shipbuilding">Shipbuilding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spindle_turning" title="Spindle turning">Spindle turning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_framing" title="Timber framing">Timber framing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treen" title="Treen">Treen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whittling" title="Whittling">Whittling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_carving" title="Wood carving">Wood carving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woodturning" title="Woodturning">Woodturning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_woods" title="List of woods">Woods</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:3.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Softwood" title="Softwood">Soft</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_plants_known_as_cedar" title="List of plants known as cedar">Cedar</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Calocedrus" title="Calocedrus">Calocedrus</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cedrus" title="Cedrus">Cedrus</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cypress" title="Cypress">Cypress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_fir" title="Douglas fir">Douglas fir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fir" title="Fir">Fir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juniper" title="Juniper">Juniper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larch" title="Larch">Larch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agathis" title="Agathis">Kauri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pine" title="Pine">Pine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacrydium_cupressinum" title="Dacrydium cupressinum">Rimu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spruce" title="Spruce">Spruce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxus" title="Taxus">Yew</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:3.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hardwood" title="Hardwood">Hard</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pericopsis_elata" title="Pericopsis elata">Afromosia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alder" title="Alder">Alder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carapa_guianensis" title="Carapa guianensis">Andiroba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anigre" title="Anigre">Anigre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraxinus_excelsior" title="Fraxinus excelsior">Ash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malus" title="Malus">Apple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspen" title="Aspen">Aspen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turraeanthus_africanus" title="Turraeanthus africanus">Avodire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ochroma" title="Ochroma">Balsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beech" title="Beech">Beech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bilinga_(wood)" title="Bilinga (wood)">Bilinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birch" title="Birch">Birch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalbergia_melanoxylon" title="Dalbergia melanoxylon">African Blackwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acacia_melanoxylon" title="Acacia melanoxylon">Australian Blackwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buxus" title="Buxus">Boxwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guibourtia" title="Guibourtia">Bubinga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camphora_officinarum" title="Camphora officinarum">Camphor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cedrela" title="Cedrela">Cedrela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prunus" title="Prunus">Cherry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut" title="Chestnut">Chestnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocobolo" title="Cocobolo">Cocobolo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dipteryx_odorata" title="Dipteryx odorata">Cumaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebony" title="Ebony">Ebony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elm" title="Elm">Elm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus" title="Eucalyptus">Eucalyptus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hazel" title="Hazel">Hazel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hickory" title="Hickory">Hickory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hornbeam" title="Hornbeam">Hornbeam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terminalia_ivorensis" title="Terminalia ivorensis">Idigbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocotea_porosa" title="Ocotea porosa">Imbuia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Handroanthus" title="Handroanthus">Ipê</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iroko" title="Iroko">Iroko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucalyptus_marginata" title="Eucalyptus marginata">Jarrah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dyera_costulata" title="Dyera costulata">Jelutong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lignum_vitae" title="Lignum vitae">Lignum vitae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilia" title="Tilia">Linden <i>(lime, basswood)</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lovoa_trichilioides" title="Lovoa trichilioides">Lovoa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intsia_bijuga" title="Intsia bijuga">Merbau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahogany" title="Mahogany">Mahogany</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Swietenia_macrophylla" title="Swietenia macrophylla">American</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Khaya" title="Khaya">African</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maple" title="Maple">Maple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shorea" title="Shorea">Meranti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oak" title="Oak">Oak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pterocarpus" title="Pterocarpus">Padauk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pear" title="Pear">Pear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plum" title="Plum">Plum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Populus" title="Populus">Poplar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peltogyne" title="Peltogyne">Purpleheart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guibourtia_ehie" title="Guibourtia ehie">Ovankol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gonystylus" title="Gonystylus">Ramin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schinopsis" title="Schinopsis">Red Quebracho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosewood" title="Rosewood">Rosewood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rubberwood" title="Rubberwood">Rubberwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapele" title="Sapele">Sapele</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teak" title="Teak">Teak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Podocarpus_totara" title="Podocarpus totara">Totara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entandrophragma" title="Entandrophragma">Utile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juglans" title="Juglans">Walnut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millettia_laurentii" title="Millettia laurentii">Wenge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow" title="Willow">Willow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zebrawood" title="Zebrawood">Zebrano</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:3.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Engineered_wood" title="Engineered wood">Engineered</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cross-laminated_timber" title="Cross-laminated timber">Cross-laminated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glued_laminated_timber" title="Glued laminated timber">Glue laminated</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardboard" title="Hardboard">Hardboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medium-density_fibreboard" title="Medium-density fibreboard">MDF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oriented_strand_board" title="Oriented strand board">OSB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Particle_board" title="Particle board">Particle board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plywood" title="Plywood">Plywood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood-plastic_composite" class="mw-redirect" title="Wood-plastic composite">Wood-plastic composite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Woodworking_tools" title="Category:Woodworking tools">Tools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abrasive" title="Abrasive">Abrasives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axe" title="Axe">Axe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adze" title="Adze">Adze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burnisher" title="Burnisher">Burnisher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chisel" title="Chisel">Chisel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drawknife" title="Drawknife">Drawknife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drill" title="Drill">Drill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fence_(woodworking)" title="Fence (woodworking)">Fence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Float_(woodworking)" title="Float (woodworking)">Float</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gimlet_(tool)" title="Gimlet (tool)">Gimlet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gauge_(instrument)" title="Gauge (instrument)">Gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_driver" title="Impact driver">Impact driver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janka_hardness_test" title="Janka hardness test">Janka hardness test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jointer" title="Jointer">Jointer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallet" title="Mallet">Mallet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milling_(machining)" title="Milling (machining)">Milling machine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitre_box" title="Mitre box">Mitre box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasp" title="Rasp">Rasp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Router_(woodworking)" title="Router (woodworking)">Router</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_shaper" title="Wood shaper">Shaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sandpaper" title="Sandpaper">Sandpaper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_(tool)" title="Square (tool)">Square</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Steel_square" title="Steel square">Carpenters</a>, <a href="/wiki/Combination_square" title="Combination square">Combination</a>, <a href="/wiki/Miter_square" title="Miter square">Miter</a>, <a href="/wiki/Speed_square" title="Speed square">Speed</a>, <a href="/wiki/Try_square" title="Try square">Try</a></i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thickness_planer" title="Thickness planer">Thickness planer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_timber_framing_tools" title="List of timber framing tools">Timber-framing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneer_hammer" title="Veneer hammer">Veneer hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vise" title="Vise">Vise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warrington_hammer" title="Warrington hammer">Warrington hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winding_stick" title="Winding stick">Winding sticks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_scribe" title="Wood scribe">Wood scribe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workbench_(woodworking)" title="Workbench (woodworking)">Workbench</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:3.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Clamp_(tool)" title="Clamp (tool)">Clamps</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Band_clamp" title="Band clamp">Band clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-clamp" title="C-clamp">C-clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-clamp" title="F-clamp">F-clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flooring_clamp" title="Flooring clamp">Flooring clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gripe_(tool)" title="Gripe (tool)">Gripe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holdfast_(tool)" title="Holdfast (tool)">Holdfast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitre_clamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitre clamp">Mitre clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipe_clamp" title="Pipe clamp">Pipe clamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawbuck" title="Sawbuck">Sawbuck</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:3.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Saw" title="Saw">Saws</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backsaw" title="Backsaw">Backsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandsaw" title="Bandsaw">Bandsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bow_saw" title="Bow saw">Bow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucksaw" title="Bucksaw">Bucksaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw" title="Chainsaw">Chainsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Circular_saw" title="Circular saw">Circular</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass_saw" title="Compass saw">Compass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coping_saw" title="Coping saw">Coping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosscut_saw" title="Crosscut saw">Crosscut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frame_saw" title="Frame saw">Frame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fretsaw" title="Fretsaw">Fretsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_saw" title="Hand saw">Hand saw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigsaw_(tool)" title="Jigsaw (tool)">Jigsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keyhole_saw" title="Keyhole saw">Keyhole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miter_saw" title="Miter saw">Miter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ripsaw" title="Ripsaw">Ripsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scroll_saw" title="Scroll saw">Scroll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Table_saw" title="Table saw">Table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veneer_saw" title="Veneer saw">Veneer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whipsaw" title="Whipsaw">Whipsaw</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:3.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Planes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bedrock_plane" title="Bedrock plane">Bedrock plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Block_plane" title="Block plane">Block plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamfer_plane" title="Chamfer plane">Chamfer plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compass_plane" class="mw-redirect" title="Compass plane">Compass plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finger_plane" title="Finger plane">Finger plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fore_plane" title="Fore plane">Fore plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grooving_plane" title="Grooving plane">Grooving plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_plane" title="Jack plane">Jack plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_plane" title="Japanese plane">Japanese plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jointer_plane" title="Jointer plane">Jointer plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulding_plane" title="Moulding plane">Moulding plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Razee_plane" title="Razee plane">Razee plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebate_plane" title="Rebate plane">Rebate plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Router_plane" title="Router plane">Router plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scrub_plane" title="Scrub plane">Scrub plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoulder_plane" title="Shoulder plane">Shoulder plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoothing_plane" title="Smoothing plane">Smoothing plane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spokeshave" title="Spokeshave">Spokeshave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surform" title="Surform">Surform</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geometry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:3.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Joinery" title="Joinery">Joints</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birdsmouth_joint" title="Birdsmouth joint">Birdsmouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biscuit_joiner" title="Biscuit joiner">Biscuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Box_joint" title="Box joint">Box</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bridle_joint" title="Bridle joint">Bridle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butt_joint" title="Butt joint">Butt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butterfly_joint" title="Butterfly joint">Butterfly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coping_(joinery)" title="Coping (joinery)">Coping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_of_Thorns_(woodworking)" title="Crown of Thorns (woodworking)">Crown of thorns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dado_(joinery)" title="Dado (joinery)">Dado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dovetail_joint" title="Dovetail joint">Dovetail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finger_joint" title="Finger joint">Finger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groove_(joinery)" title="Groove (joinery)">Groove</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halved_joint" title="Halved joint">Halved</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hammer-headed_tenon" title="Hammer-headed tenon">Hammer-headed tenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knee_(construction)" title="Knee (construction)">Knee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lap_joint" title="Lap joint">Lap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason%27s_mitre" class="mw-redirect" title="Mason's mitre">Mason's mitre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miter_joint" title="Miter joint">Miter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mortise_and_tenon" title="Mortise and tenon">Mortise and tenon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabbet" title="Rabbet">Rabbet/Rebate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scarf_joint" title="Scarf joint">Scarf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Splice_joint" title="Splice joint">Splice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tongue_and_groove" title="Tongue and groove">Tongue and groove</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:3.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Molding_(decorative)" title="Molding (decorative)">Profiles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bead_(woodworking)" title="Bead (woodworking)">Bead</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bevel" title="Bevel">Bevel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamfer" title="Chamfer">Chamfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogee" title="Ogee">Ogee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ogive" title="Ogive">Ogive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ovolo" title="Ovolo">Ovolo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:3.5em;font-weight:normal;">Surface piecing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Purfling#Binding" title="Purfling">Binding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edge_banding" title="Edge banding">Edge banding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intarsia" title="Intarsia">Intarsia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marquetry" title="Marquetry">Marquetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oystering" title="Oystering">Oystering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parquet" title="Parquet">Parquetry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purfling" title="Purfling">Purfling</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Treatments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wood_glue" title="Wood glue">Adhesive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_polish" title="French polish">French polish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heat_bending_of_wood" title="Heat bending of wood">Heat bending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacquer" title="Lacquer">Lacquer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drying_oil" title="Drying oil">Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint" title="Paint">Paint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paint_stripper" title="Paint stripper">Paint stripper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steam_bending" title="Steam bending">Steam bending</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_preservation#Heat_treatments" title="Wood preservation">Thermal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varnish" title="Varnish">Varnish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wax" title="Wax">Wax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_drying" title="Wood drying">Wood drying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_preservation" title="Wood preservation">Wood preservation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_stain" title="Wood stain">Wood stain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_finishing" title="Wood finishing">Wood finishing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Association_of_Woodturners" title="American Association of Woodturners">American Association of Woodturners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architectural_Woodwork_Institute" title="Architectural Woodwork Institute">Architectural Woodwork Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Woodworking_Federation" title="British Woodworking Federation">British Woodworking Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Building_and_Wood_Workers%27_International" title="Building and Wood Workers' International">Building and Wood Workers' International</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caricature_Carvers_of_America" title="Caricature Carvers of America">Caricature Carvers of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Federation_of_Building_and_Wood_Workers" title="International Federation of Building and Wood Workers">International Federation of Building and Wood Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Wood_Carvers_Association" title="National Wood Carvers Association">National Wood Carvers Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Wood_Engravers" title="Society of Wood Engravers">Society of Wood Engravers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timber_Framers_Guild" title="Timber Framers Guild">Timber Framers Guild</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conversion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chainsaw_mill" title="Chainsaw mill">Chainsaw mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewing" title="Hewing">Hewing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawmill" title="Sawmill">Sawmill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whipsaw" title="Whipsaw">Whipsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wood_splitting" title="Wood splitting">Wood splitting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flat_sawing" title="Flat sawing">Flat sawing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarter_sawing" title="Quarter sawing">Quarter sawing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rift_sawing" title="Rift sawing">Rift sawing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Techniques</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frame_and_panel" title="Frame and panel">Frame and panel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frameless_construction" title="Frameless construction">Frameless construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Green_woodworking" title="Green woodworking">Green woodworking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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