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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Asperge_Argenteuil.jpg/220px-Asperge_Argenteuil.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Asperge_Argenteuil.jpg/330px-Asperge_Argenteuil.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Asperge_Argenteuil.jpg/440px-Asperge_Argenteuil.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2330" data-file-height="1724" /></a><figcaption>Illustration de l'asperge Argenteuil (Catalogue Vilmorin 1900)</figcaption></figure> <p>L'<b>Asperge d'Argenteuil</b>, est une <a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">variété cultivée</a> d'<a href="/wiki/Asperge" title="Asperge">asperge</a> crée à <a href="/wiki/Argenteuil_(Val-d%27Oise)" title="Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)">Argenteuil</a>, dans le <a href="/wiki/Val-d%27Oise" title="Val-d'Oise">Val-d'Oise</a>, que l'on cultivait localement entre les rangs de <a href="/wiki/Vigne" title="Vigne">vignes</a>. </p><p>Elle devint célèbre grâce à <a href="/wiki/Louis_Lh%C3%A9rault" title="Louis Lhérault">Louis Lhérault</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Histoire">Histoire</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Histoire" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Histoire"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Edouard_Manet_Bunch_of_Asparagus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Edouard_Manet_Bunch_of_Asparagus.jpg/220px-Edouard_Manet_Bunch_of_Asparagus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Edouard_Manet_Bunch_of_Asparagus.jpg/330px-Edouard_Manet_Bunch_of_Asparagus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Edouard_Manet_Bunch_of_Asparagus.jpg/440px-Edouard_Manet_Bunch_of_Asparagus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="669" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Une_botte_d%27asperges" title="Une botte d'asperges">Une botte d'asperges</a></i> d'<a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Manet" title="Édouard Manet">Édouard Manet</a>, 1880.</figcaption></figure> <p>Au début du <abbr class="abbr" title="18ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XVIII</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, la <i>Gewone Hollandse</i> « hollandaise commune », une grosse variété venant des <a href="/wiki/Pays-Bas" title="Pays-Bas">Pays-Bas</a> et de <a href="/wiki/Pologne" title="Pologne">Pologne</a>, est introduite en France. Cette « asperge violette de Hollande », dite aussi « de Pologne », supplante progressivement la petite asperge commune. En 1750, ils mettent au point la variété d'Argenteuil </p><p>Au <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle, elle est toujours sélectionnée, puis fixée à <a href="/wiki/Argenteuil_(Val-d%27Oise)" title="Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)">Argenteuil</a> par <b><a href="/wiki/Louis_Lh%C3%A9rault" title="Louis Lhérault">Louis Lhérault</a></b> (1833-1894) (surnommé "<i>le parmentier de l'asperge</i>"), <b>Antoine Lhérault</b> et <b>Antoine Dingremont</b>. Plusieurs autres villages autour de Paris se spécialisent dans la culture de variétés, <a href="/wiki/Aubervilliers" title="Aubervilliers">Aubervilliers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bezons" title="Bezons">Bezons</a>, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89pinay-sur-Seine" title="Épinay-sur-Seine">Épinay</a> ou <a href="/wiki/Sannois" title="Sannois">Sannois</a>. Les turions sont alors de même taille qu'actuellement </p><p><a href="/wiki/Louis_Lh%C3%A9rault" title="Louis Lhérault">Louis Lhérault</a> tient son mérite du fait qu'il fut à la fois le principal créateur de l'Asperge d'Argenteuil en sélectionnant des plants importés des Pays-Bas<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, mais aussi du fait qu'il inventa une technique qui arrangea beaucoup de paysans modestes de la région, qui disposaient de peu de parcelles de vignes, en augmentant les rendements de leur(s) terrain(s) en cultivant des rangs d'asperges entre les rangs de vignes, leur permettant ainsi d'augmenter leurs revenus (La ville d’Argenteuil lui a dédié une rue et conserve un buste de cet agronome). Il participa à la renommée de la ville, déjà reconnue pour ses cultures (vigne, <a href="/wiki/Figue" title="Figue">figue</a>, asperge, <a href="/wiki/Chanvre" title="Chanvre">chanvre</a> à tisser, etc.). </p><p>Louis Lherault participa à l’Exposition universelle de 1867. Michel Chevalier, président et auteur du Rapports du jury international, note : « Trois bottes d’asperges roses, hâtives, de la plus grande beauté, ont été exposées, le 15 avril, par M. Louis Lhérault; à partir de cette époque, il n’a cessé, jusqu’au 1er juin, de présenter des asperges à tous les concours. ». Cette variété existe en deux types : la hâtive et la tardive. </p><p>La diffusion internationale de l’asperge d’Argenteuil se fit dès le milieu du xixe siècle. Cette variété a été sélectionnée et a servi à créer de nouvelles souches, notamment aux États-Unis, donnant diverses séries de variétés : « Mary Washington », « Martha Wasington »... </p><p>Cette variété réputée est toujours proposée en jardinerie, mais n’est plus cultivée à Argenteuil que par des amateurs et descendants de ses créateurs. </p><p>À partir de <a href="/wiki/1805" title="1805">1805</a>, elle fait la réputation d'<a href="/wiki/Argenteuil_(Val-d%27Oise)" title="Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)">Argenteuil</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Description" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Description"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Asperge blanche de gros calibre, précoce, productive, turion à pointes légèrement violette d'excellente qualité gustative. La meilleure période pour les planter est de février à mi-avril selon les régions<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference cite_virgule">,</sup><sup id="cite_ref-ref_auto_1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_auto_1-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Le semis d’asperge d’Argenteuil ne produit des turions récoltables qu’après 5 années de culture. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Types_et_améliorations"><span id="Types_et_am.C3.A9liorations"></span>Types et améliorations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Types et améliorations" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Types et améliorations"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Agenteuil : <ul><li>hâtive</li> <li>tardive</li></ul></li> <li>Améliorations, sélections: <ul><li>La "Super Argenteuil®" (ANGELA): amélioration de la variété <i>Argenteuil hâtive</i>, plus productive<sup id="cite_ref-ref_auto_1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref_auto_1-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>.</li> <li>Grosse Blanche Améliorée</li> <li>Mary Washington</li> <li>Martha Wasington</li></ul></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.graines-baumaux.fr/181487-asperge-argenteuil-hative.html">https://www.graines-baumaux.fr/181487-asperge-argenteuil-hative.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.truffaut.com/asperge-argenteuil-10-griffes.html">https://www.truffaut.com/asperge-argenteuil-10-griffes.html</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ref_auto_1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-ref_auto_1_3-0">a</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-ref_auto_1_3-1">b</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.meillandrichardier.com/asperge-super-argenteuil-r.html">https://www.meillandrichardier.com/asperge-super-argenteuil-r.html</a></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Lh%C3%A9rault" title="Louis Lhérault">Louis Lhérault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asperge" title="Asperge">Asperge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argenteuil_(Val-d%27Oise)#XIXe_siècle" title="Argenteuil (Val-d'Oise)">Histoire d'Argenteuil au <abbr class="abbr" title="19ᵉ siècle"><span class="romain">XIX</span><sup style="font-size:72%">e</sup></abbr> siècle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Culture_(agriculture)" title="Culture (agriculture)">Culture agricole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plante_cultiv%C3%A9e" class="mw-redirect" title="Plante cultivée">Plante cultivée</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Asperge_d%27Argenteuil&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.argenteuil.fr/">Site de la mairie</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.truffaut.com/asperge-argenteuil-10-griffes.html">[1]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.graines-baumaux.fr/181487-asperge-argenteuil-hative.html">[2]</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.meillandrichardier.com/asperge-super-argenteuil-r.html#description">[3]</a></li></ul> <ul 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