CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>District magistrate - Wikipedia</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-enabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )enwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy", "wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"ccb09a1e-79f1-4770-bcb0-0280952878c3","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"District_magistrate","wgTitle":"District magistrate","wgCurRevisionId":1259170393,"wgRevisionId":1259170393,"wgArticleId":1486031,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["All articles with incomplete citations","Articles with incomplete citations from May 2023","CS1 errors: generic name","Articles with short description","Short description is different from Wikidata","Wikipedia articles needing rewrite from September 2023","All articles needing rewrite","Wikipedia articles with style issues from September 2023","All articles with style issues","Articles needing additional references from September 2023", "All articles needing additional references","Articles with multiple maintenance issues","Use dmy dates from June 2016","Use Indian English from June 2016","All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English","Indian Administrative Service officers"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"District_magistrate","wgRelevantArticleId":1486031,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgRedirectedFrom":"District_magistrate_(India)","wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"status":{"levels":1}}},"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":false,"nearby":true}, "wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":30000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/District_magistrate","wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q2722496","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.cite.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready", "jquery.makeCollapsible.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","jquery.makeCollapsible","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.switcher","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cjquery.makeCollapsible.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/1200px-Flag_of_India.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="800"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/800px-Flag_of_India.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="533"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/640px-Flag_of_India.svg.png"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="427"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="District magistrate - Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_magistrate"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit this page" href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (en)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//en.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/District_magistrate"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-District_magistrate rootpage-District_magistrate skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Main menu" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Main menu</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Main menu</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigation </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-contents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents" title="Guides to browsing Wikipedia"><span>Contents</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Current_events" title="Articles related to current events"><span>Current events</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random" title="Visit a randomly selected article [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random article</span></a></li><li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About" title="Learn about Wikipedia and how it works"><span>About Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-contactpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us" title="How to contact Wikipedia"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-interaction" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-interaction" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Contribute </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Contents" title="Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia"><span>Help</span></a></li><li id="n-introduction" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" title="Learn how to edit Wikipedia"><span>Learn to edit</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Community_portal" title="The hub for editors"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes to Wikipedia [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_upload_wizard" title="Add images or other media for use on Wikipedia"><span>Upload file</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Main_Page" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="The Free Encyclopedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-en.svg" width="117" height="13" style="width: 7.3125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Special:Search" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Search</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikipedia" aria-label="Search Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:Search"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Search</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personal tools"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Appearance" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Appearance</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=District+magistrate" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=District+magistrate" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Log in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Log in and more options" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personal tools" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personal tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en"><span>Donate</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=District+magistrate" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=District+magistrate" title="You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/Help:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Site"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Contents" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nomenclature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nomenclature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Nomenclature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nomenclature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Posting" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Posting"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Posting</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Posting-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Posting subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Posting-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Personal_Staff" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Personal_Staff"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Personal Staff</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Personal_Staff-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Functions_and_responsibilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Functions_and_responsibilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Functions and responsibilities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Functions_and_responsibilities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Functions and responsibilities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Functions_and_responsibilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-As_District_Magistrate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_District_Magistrate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>As District Magistrate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_District_Magistrate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-As_District_Collector" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#As_District_Collector"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>As District Collector</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-As_District_Collector-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_Functions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_Functions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Other Functions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_Functions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Separation_from_judiciary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Separation_from_judiciary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Separation from judiciary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Separation_from_judiciary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Restructure" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Restructure"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Restructure</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Restructure-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exception" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exception"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Exception</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exception-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">District magistrate</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%95" title="জেলা শাসক – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="জেলা শাসক" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%9C%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BE_%E0%AA%95%E0%AA%B2%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%B0" title="જિલ્લા કલેક્ટર – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="જિલ્લા કલેક્ટર" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="जिलाधिकारी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="जिलाधिकारी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BC" title="ജില്ലാ കളക്ടർ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ജില്ലാ കളക്ടർ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80" title="जिल्हाधिकारी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="जिल्हाधिकारी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%9F%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%9F" title="ਜ਼ਿਲ੍ਹਾ ਮੈਜਿਸਟਰੇਟ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਜ਼ਿਲ੍ਹਾ ਮੈਜਿਸਟਰੇਟ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B6%D9%84%D8%B9_%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D8%B1_(%D8%A8%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA)" title="ضلع کلیکٹر (بھارت) – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ضلع کلیکٹر (بھارت)" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="மாவட்ட ஆட்சித் தலைவர் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாவட்ட ஆட்சித் தலைவர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D" title="జిల్లా కలెక్టర్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="జిల్లా కలెక్టర్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2722496#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/District_magistrate" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:District_magistrate" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Change language variant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Views"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/District_magistrate"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tools" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tools</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tools</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">hide</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/District_magistrate"><span>Read</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=history"><span>View history</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> General </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/District_magistrate" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/District_magistrate" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&oldid=1259170393" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CiteThisPage&page=District_magistrate&id=1259170393&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information on how to cite this page"><span>Cite this page</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDistrict_magistrate"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FDistrict_magistrate"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Print/export </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=District_magistrate&action=show-download-screen" title="Download this page as a PDF file"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> In other projects </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2722496" title="Structured data on this page hosted by Wikidata [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate_(India)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="District magistrate (India)">District magistrate (India)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Executive head of an Indian district</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248332772">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .hide-when-compact{display:none}</style><table class="box-Multiple_issues plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>This article has multiple issues.</b> Please help <b><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/District_magistrate" title="Special:EditPage/District magistrate">improve it</a></b> or discuss these issues on the <b><a href="/wiki/Talk:District_magistrate" title="Talk:District magistrate">talk page</a></b>. <small><i>(<a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove these messages</a>)</i></small> <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Cleanup_rewrite plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg/40px-Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg/60px-Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg/80px-Crystal_Clear_app_kedit.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>may need to be rewritten</b> to comply with Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style">quality standards</a>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit">You can help</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Talk:District_magistrate" title="Talk:District magistrate">talk page</a> may contain suggestions.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Essay-like plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-essay-like" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is written like a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_publisher_of_original_thought" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay</a></b> that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit">help improve it</a> by rewriting it in an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Information_style_and_tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">encyclopedic style</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/District_magistrate" title="Special:EditPage/District magistrate">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22District+magistrate%22">"District magistrate"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22District+magistrate%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22District+magistrate%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22District+magistrate%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22District+magistrate%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22District+magistrate%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2023</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 125%;">District magistrate</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_India.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/120px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/180px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/240px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_India" title="Flag of India">Flag of India</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em; border-bottom:solid 1px #ccd2d9; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding-bottom:0.4em;"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Eluru_District_Collector_Office.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Eluru_District_Collector_Office.jpg/220px-Eluru_District_Collector_Office.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="142" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Eluru_District_Collector_Office.jpg/330px-Eluru_District_Collector_Office.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/Eluru_District_Collector_Office.jpg/440px-Eluru_District_Collector_Office.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1574" data-file-height="1015" /></a></span></div><div style="display:inline;font-weight:bold;">Incumbent<br />District magistrate<br /></div>since 1772</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data">Executive Head of the district</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Executive Officer of the District</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Member of</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Administrative_Service" title="Indian Administrative Service">Indian Administrative Service</a><br />State Civil Services</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reports to</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Divisional_commissioner" title="Divisional commissioner">Divisional commissioner</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Seat_(legal_entity)" title="Seat (legal entity)">Seat</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Collectorate" class="mw-redirect" title="Collectorate">Collectorate</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Appointer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/President_of_India" title="President of India">President of India</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constituting instrument</th><td class="infobox-data">Code of Criminal Procedure (India)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formation</th><td class="infobox-data">1772<span class="noprint"> (252 years ago)</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1772</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data">Additional collector<br />Additional district magistrate<br />Additional deputy commissioner</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Salary</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/%E2%82%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="₹">₹</a>56,100-78,800 and various other allowances and facilities<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>district magistrate</b>, also known as the <b>district collector</b> or <b>deputy commissioner</b>, is a <a href="/wiki/Civil_Services_of_India" title="Civil Services of India">career civil servant</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who serves as the executive head of a <a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_India" title="List of districts in India">district</a>'s administration in India. The specific name depends on the <a href="/wiki/States_and_union_territories_of_India" title="States and union territories of India">state or union territory</a>. Each of these posts has distinct responsibilities, and an officer can assume all of these roles at once. The district magistrate is primarily responsible for maintaining <a href="/wiki/Law_and_order_(politics)" title="Law and order (politics)">law and order</a>, while the district collector focuses on land revenue administration, and the deputy commissioner is in charge of overseeing developmental activities and coordinates government departments. Additionally, they also serve as election officers, registrar, marriage officer, licensing authority, and managing disaster responses, among other things. While the specific scope of duties may vary from state to state, they are generally similar.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The district magistrate comes under the general supervision of <a href="/wiki/Divisional_commissioner" title="Divisional commissioner">divisional commissioner</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Warren_Hastings" title="Warren Hastings">Warren Hastings</a> introduced the office of the District Collector in the Judicial Plan of 1772. By the Judicial Plan of 1774, the office of the Collector cum District Magistrate was temporarily renamed Diwan or Amil. The term Collector was brought back under the Judicial Plan of 1787. The name, Collector, derived from the holder being the head of the revenue organization (tax collection) for the district. With the passage of the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India_Act_1858" title="Government of India Act 1858">Government of India Act 1858</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-ICS_History_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICS_History-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ICS_Administer_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ICS_Administer-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by the <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">British Parliament</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/George_Campbell_(1824%E2%80%931892)" class="mw-redirect" title="George Campbell (1824–1892)">Sir George Campbell</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_governors_of_Bengal" class="mw-redirect" title="List of governors of Bengal">lieutenant-governor of Bengal</a> from 1871 to 1874, intended "to render the heads of districts no longer the drudges of many departments and masters of none, but in fact the general controlling authority over all departments in each district."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The office of a collector during the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a> held multiple responsibilities –  as collector, he was the head of the revenue organization, charged with registration, alteration, and partition of holdings; the settlement of disputes; the management of indebted estates; loans to agriculturists, and famine relief. As district magistrate, he exercised general supervision over the inferior courts and in particular, directed the police work.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The office was meant to achieve the "peculiar purpose" of collecting revenue and of keeping the peace. The <a href="/wiki/Superintendent_of_police_(India)" title="Superintendent of police (India)">superintendent of police</a> (SP), inspector general of jails, the surgeon general, the divisional forest officer (DFO) and the Executive Engineer PWD (EE) had to inform the collector of every activity in their departments.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until the later part of the nineteenth century, no native was eligible to become a district collector. But with the introduction of open competitive examinations for the <a href="/wiki/Indian_Civil_Service_(British_India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Civil Service (British India)">Indian Civil Service</a>, the office was opened to natives. <a href="/wiki/R.C._Dutt" class="mw-redirect" title="R.C. Dutt">Romesh Chandra Dutt</a>, Sripad Babaji Thakur, <a href="/wiki/Anandaram_Baruah" class="mw-redirect" title="Anandaram Baruah">Anandaram Baruah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krishna_Govinda_Gupta" title="Krishna Govinda Gupta">Krishna Govinda Gupta</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brajendranath_De" title="Brajendranath De">Brajendranath De</a> were the first five Indian ICS officers to become Collectors.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The district continued to be the unit of administration after India gained independence in 1947. The role of the district collector remained largely unchanged, except for the separation of most judicial powers to judicial officers of the district. Later, with the promulgation of the National Extension Services and Community Development Programme by the <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Nehru</a> government in 1952, the district collector was entrusted with the additional responsibility of implementing the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a>'s development programs in the district.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7_Pay_Commission_Report_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7_Pay_Commission_Report-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nomenclature">Nomenclature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Nomenclature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DM_New_Delhi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/DM_New_Delhi.jpg/220px-DM_New_Delhi.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/DM_New_Delhi.jpg/330px-DM_New_Delhi.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/db/DM_New_Delhi.jpg/440px-DM_New_Delhi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3480" data-file-height="4640" /></a><figcaption>A bilingual signboard of District Magistrate (DM) office in <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The different names of the office are a legacy of the varying administration systems in <a href="/wiki/British_India" class="mw-redirect" title="British India">British India</a>. While the powers exercised by the officer were mostly the same throughout the country, the preferred name often reflected his primary role in the particular province. In the <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Presidency" title="Bengal Presidency">Bengal Presidency</a>, the post was called District Magistrate and Collector whereas in the <a href="/wiki/Bombay_Presidency" title="Bombay Presidency">Bombay Presidency</a> and <a href="/wiki/Central_Provinces" title="Central Provinces">Central Provinces</a>, it was known simply as the District Collector even though he was also the District Magistrate. In the <a href="/wiki/Madras_Presidency" title="Madras Presidency">Madras Presidency</a>, it was often known simply as Collector. </p><p>Law and order was an important subject in the <a href="/wiki/United_Provinces_(1937%E2%80%931950)" title="United Provinces (1937–1950)">United Provinces</a> and the post continues to be known as the District Magistrate in present-day <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>. In non-regulation provinces like <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Province_(British_India)" title="Punjab Province (British India)">Punjab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Burma">Burma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Oudh" class="mw-redirect" title="Oudh">Oudh</a>, a simpler form of administration prevailed with many elements of the <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Procedure_Code" class="mw-redirect" title="Criminal Procedure Code">Criminal Procedure Code</a> suspended and the DM functioning as the District and Sessions Judge as well. Here the post was known as Deputy Commissioner, due to these provinces having a Chief Commissioner who took the place of the usual <a href="/wiki/Governor" title="Governor">Governor</a> and <a href="/wiki/High_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="High Court">High Court</a> and exercised both executive and judicial functions. </p><p>Post Independence, the different names have continued even though the role and powers of the DM are almost the same throughout India. </p> <dl><dd><dl><dd><b>Deputy Commissioner (DC)</b>- In India, some states use the term "Deputy Commissioner" instead of "District Magistrate" to refer to the head of the district administration. These states are <a href="/wiki/Karnataka" title="Karnataka">Karnataka</a>, <a href="/wiki/Assam" title="Assam">Assam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Meghalaya" title="Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nagaland" title="Nagaland">Nagaland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jammu_and_Kashmir_(union_territory)" title="Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)">Jammu and Kashmir</a>, <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_India" title="Punjab, India">Punjab</a>, <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jharkhand" title="Jharkhand">Jharkhand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a>, etc.</dd> <dd><b>District Collector (DC)</b>- In India, some states use the term "District Collector" instead of "District Magistrate" to refer to the head of the district administration. These states include <a href="/wiki/Kerala" title="Kerala">Kerala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telangana" title="Telangana">Telangana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andhra_Pradesh" title="Andhra Pradesh">Andhra Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Goa" title="Goa">Goa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sikkim" title="Sikkim">Sikkim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Odisha" title="Odisha">Odisha</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Maharashtra" title="Maharashtra">Maharashtra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Puducherry_(union_territory)" title="Puducherry (union territory)">Puducherry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lakshadweep" title="Lakshadweep">Lakshadweep</a></dd> <dd><b>District Magistrate (DM)</b>- some states use the term "District Magistrate" to refer to the head of the district administration. These states are <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Bengal" title="West Bengal">West Bengal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bihar" title="Bihar">Bihar</a>, [Tripura],</dd></dl></dd></dl> <p>[Chhattisgarh]], etc. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Posting">Posting</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Posting"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>They are posted by the <a href="/wiki/State_governments_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="State governments in India">state government</a>, from among the pool of <a href="/wiki/Indian_Administrative_Service" title="Indian Administrative Service">Indian Administrative Service</a> (IAS) and State Civil Services (SCS) officers, who either are on Level 11, Level 12 or Level 13 of the Pay Matrix, in the state. The members of the IAS are either directly recruited by the <a href="/wiki/Union_Public_Service_Commission" title="Union Public Service Commission">Union Public Service Commission</a>, promoted from State Civil Service (SCS) or nominated from Non-State Civil Service (Non-SCS). The direct recruits are posted as Collectors after five to six years of service. SCS officers are also posted as Collectors when they attain at least the Selection Grade (Level 13 Grade Pay) in their service. A District Magistrate and Collector is transferred to and from the post by the state government.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Personal_Staff">Personal Staff</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal Staff"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The District Collector/District Magistrate is provided with Personal Security Officers, including armed guards, to ensure their safety and protection.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The District Collector/District Magistrate has personal staff, including a Personal Assistant (PA), a Secretary, and other support staff like clerks, peons, and drivers.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Functions_and_responsibilities">Functions and responsibilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Functions and responsibilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The District Collector holds a diverse range of responsibilities that are defined under various laws and regulations, including the Land Revenue Act, Revenue recovery rules, <a href="/wiki/Right_to_Fair_Compensation_and_Transparency_in_Land_Acquisition,_Rehabilitation_and_Resettlement_Act,_2013" title="Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013">Land acquisition act</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Nagarik_Suraksha_Sanhita" title="Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita">Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita</a> (BNSS), the <a href="/wiki/Arms_Act,_1959" title="Arms Act, 1959">Arms Act, 1959</a>, The Cinematograph Act, Registration Act, peoples representation act, and other relevant acts. They are entrusted with land revenue administration, maintaining law and order, managing district administration, and implementing government policies and also they are incharge of various <a href="/wiki/State_governments_of_India" title="State governments of India">state</a> and <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">central government</a> schemes and projects at <a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_India" title="List of districts in India">district</a> level. The responsibilities assigned to a district magistrate vary from state to state, but generally, Collectors, under the general supervision of <a href="/wiki/Divisional_commissioner" title="Divisional commissioner">divisional commissioners</a> (where such a post exists),<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are entrusted with a wide range of duties in the jurisdiction of the district, generally involving the following:<sup id="cite_ref-:4_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:22_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_District_Magistrate">As District Magistrate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: As District Magistrate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The District Magistrate acts as the primary executive magistrate of the district. Their main responsibility is to take preventive measures to maintain law and order and maintain peace in the district.</li> <li>Issuance of adoption orders under the provisions of the <a href="/wiki/Juvenile_Justice_(Care_and_Protection_of_Children)_Act,_2015" title="Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015">Juvenile Justice Act, 2015</a> with provision of appeal to <a href="/wiki/Divisional_commissioner" title="Divisional commissioner">divisional commissioners</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The district Magistrate has the authority to issue orders under <a href="/wiki/Section_144" class="mw-redirect" title="Section 144">Section 163</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Bharatiya_Nagarik_Suraksha_Sanhita" title="Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita">BNSS</a>, restricting the assembly of people to prevent potential disturbances.</li> <li>Under the <a href="/wiki/National_Security_Act_(India)" title="National Security Act (India)">National Security Act</a> (NSA), the district magistrate has the authority to order preventive detention of individuals to prevent them from acting in any manner prejudicial to the security of the state or maintenance of public order.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Granting and renewing arms and ammunition licence under <a href="/wiki/Arms_Act,_1959" title="Arms Act, 1959">Arms Act</a> with provision of appeal to <a href="/wiki/Divisional_commissioner" title="Divisional commissioner">divisional commissioners</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Granting license to cinemas under Cinematograph Act, 1952 with provision of appeal to <a href="/wiki/Divisional_commissioner" title="Divisional commissioner">divisional commissioners</a>.</li> <li>Heads the district disaster management authority constituted under the <a href="/wiki/Disaster_Management_Act,_2005" title="Disaster Management Act, 2005">Disaster Management Act, 2005</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Enforcement of various provisions of <a href="/wiki/Telecommunications_Act,_2023" title="Telecommunications Act, 2023">Telecommunications Act, 2023</a></li> <li>Implementation of provisions of Maintenance & welfare of parents & senior citizens act, 2007</li> <li>Enforcement of mines act, 1952</li> <li>Supervision of jails in the district.</li> <li>Supervises all Executive Magistrates in the district and has very limited control over <a href="/wiki/Police#India" title="Police">police</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="As_District_Collector">As District Collector</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: As District Collector"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>District Collector is the highest officer of revenue department in the district. The collector is the highest authority of revenue administration.</li> <li>Responsible for collecting land revenue, government taxes, fees, and all dues recoverable as arrears of land revenue.</li> <li>Responsible for land acquisition, revenue recovery, land reforms, and other land related matters.</li> <li>Ensures accurate and up-to-date records of land rights.Implements land reforms and exercises power as the land acquisition officer.</li> <li>Supervises treasury and sub-treasury operations.</li> <li>Enforces the Stamp Act and acts as a custodian of government lands.</li> <li>Acts as a protocol officer and empowers the Collector to recover government dues from defaulters residing in the district with property.</li> <li>Responsible for disaster management in the district. Primarily tasked with relief and rehabilitation operations in any calamity whether natural or man-mde.</li> <li>Act as a returning officer for <a href="/wiki/List_of_constituencies_of_the_Lok_Sabha" title="List of constituencies of the Lok Sabha">parliament constituency</a>; overall incharge of conducting of election in the district.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Enforcement of <a href="/wiki/Essential_Commodities_Act" title="Essential Commodities Act">Essential Commodities Act</a>, 1955</li> <li>To be guardian of a minor under Guardians and wards act.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_Functions">Other Functions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Other Functions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol><li>District Election Officer (DEO)<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chairperson, Regional Transport Authority <sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chairperson, District Road Safety Authority <sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chairperson, District Tourism Promotion Council<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chairperson, District Disaster Management Authority<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Chairperson, District Development Council (DDC)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Separation_from_judiciary">Separation from judiciary</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Separation from judiciary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While almost all of the 741 Indian districts are headed by DMs, constitutional developments post Independence in 1947 have led to a reduction in power and realignment of roles for the District Magistrate. The first major change came about in the early 1960s as the Judiciary was separated from the Executive in most Indian states in line with Article 50 of the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_of_India" title="Constitution of India">Constitution of India</a>. This meant that DMs and SDMs could no longer try criminal cases or commit accused to <a href="/wiki/Sessions_Court" title="Sessions Court">Sessions Court</a>. Their place was taken by Chief Judicial Magistrates and Sub Divisional Judicial Magistrates. The District Magistrate was now the main Executive Magistrate of the district - charged with taking preventive measures for maintenance of law and order. Indirectly, this led to a loss of direct control over the police which now depended on the District Judge and the Judicial Magistrates. This change was institutionalised by the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973. In the Union Territories and the North Eastern states, Collectors continued to exercise judicial power for much longer. A separate district judiciary was not created till 1978 in <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>, 2008 in <a href="/wiki/Mizoram" title="Mizoram">Mizoram</a>, 2016 in <a href="/wiki/Arunachal_Pradesh" title="Arunachal Pradesh">Arunachal Pradesh</a> and 2020 in <a href="/wiki/Meghalaya" title="Meghalaya">Meghalaya</a>. <a href="/wiki/South_Garo_Hills_District" class="mw-redirect" title="South Garo Hills District">South Garo Hills District</a> in Meghalaya, the last remaining district of India with the District Magistrate also exercising judicial powers, finally got a separate District and Sessions Court on 17 December 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Restructure">Restructure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Restructure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The need to restructure the roles of the District Collector is for removing the colonial legacy, corruption, promoting uniformity, devolving power to local bodies, ensuring separation of power, mitigating power concentration, addressing status quoist tendencies, and advancing grass-root democracy.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There have also been many instances where at lower levels, district magistrates have pressurized victims or their family members, especially if they belong to the marginalized community<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exception">Exception</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Exception"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kolkata in West Bengal does not have a conventional collector. A recently created post with the same name performs the functions of collector of stamp revenue, registration and certain other miscellaneous functions. The Magisterial powers are exercised by a Police Commissioner, one of the earliest such posts in British India, while the Kolkata Municipal Corporation takes care of all other responsibilities.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 40em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_India_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="All India Service">All India Service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Administrative_Service" title="Indian Administrative Service">Indian Administrative Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Police_Service" title="Indian Police Service">Indian Police Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Forest_Service" title="Indian Forest Service">Indian Forest Service</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chief_Secretary_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief Secretary (India)">Chief Secretary (India)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal_Secretary_(India)" class="mw-redirect" title="Principal Secretary (India)">Principal Secretary (India)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divisional_Commissioner" class="mw-redirect" title="Divisional Commissioner">Divisional Commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Municipal_commissioner_(India)" title="Municipal commissioner (India)">Municipal commissioner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-Divisional_Magistrate" class="mw-redirect" title="Sub-Divisional Magistrate">Sub-Divisional Magistrate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_in_India" title="List of districts in India">List of districts in India</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/ias-officer-salary-allowances-in-hand-pay-matrix-7th-pay-commission-benefits-1689167230-1">https://www.jagranjosh.com/articles/ias-officer-salary-allowances-in-hand-pay-matrix-7th-pay-commission-benefits-1689167230-1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFNath2014" class="citation web cs1">Nath, Anusha (15 October 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bu.edu/econ/files/2015/06/AnushaNath_BureacratsAndPoliticians_IED.pdf">"Bureaucrats and Politicians: How Does Electoral Competition Affect Bureaucratic Performance?"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Boston_University" title="Boston University">Boston University</a>. pp. 5–6<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bureaucrats+and+Politicians%3A+How+Does+Electoral+Competition+Affect+Bureaucratic+Performance%3F&rft.pages=5-6&rft.pub=Boston+University&rft.date=2014-10-15&rft.aulast=Nath&rft.aufirst=Anusha&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bu.edu%2Fecon%2Ffiles%2F2015%2F06%2FAnushaNath_BureacratsAndPoliticians_IED.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nuh.gov.in/administrative-setup/">"Administrative Setup | District Administration, Nuh | India"</a>. Nuh.gov.in<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Administrative+Setup+%7C+District+Administration%2C+Nuh+%7C+India&rft.pub=Nuh.gov.in&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnuh.gov.in%2Fadministrative-setup%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fatehgarhsahib.nic.in/role-of-deputy-commissioner-office">"Role of Deputy Commissioner Office"</a>. District Administration Fatehgarh Sahib<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Role+of+Deputy+Commissioner+Office&rft.pub=District+Administration+Fatehgarh+Sahib&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffatehgarhsahib.nic.in%2Frole-of-deputy-commissioner-office&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ICS_History-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ICS_History_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.britishempire.co.uk/maproom/india/ics.htm">"The Indian Civil Service"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Indian+Civil+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishempire.co.uk%2Fmaproom%2Findia%2Fics.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ICS_Administer-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ICS_Administer_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.historytoday.com/ann-ewing/administering-india-indian-civil-service">"Administering India: The Indian Civil Service"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 September</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Administering+India%3A+The+Indian+Civil+Service&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.historytoday.com%2Fann-ewing%2Fadministering-india-indian-civil-service&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Blunt, (1937)<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources#What_information_to_include" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="A complete citation is needed. (May 2023)">full citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_9-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaheshwari2000" class="citation book cs1">Maheshwari, S.R. (2000). <i>Indian Administration</i> (6th ed.). <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>: Orient Blackswan Private Ltd. pp. 573–597. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788125019886" title="Special:BookSources/9788125019886"><bdi>9788125019886</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Administration&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pages=573-597&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Orient+Blackswan+Private+Ltd.&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9788125019886&rft.aulast=Maheshwari&rft.aufirst=S.R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:5-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:5_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:5_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh1993" class="citation book cs1">Singh, G.P. (1993). <i>Revenue administration in India: A case study of Bihar</i>. <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>: Mittal Publications. pp. 50–124. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8170993810" title="Special:BookSources/978-8170993810"><bdi>978-8170993810</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revenue+administration+in+India%3A+A+case+study+of+Bihar&rft.place=Delhi&rft.pages=50-124&rft.pub=Mittal+Publications&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-8170993810&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=G.P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:6-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:6_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:6_11-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaxmikanth2014" class="citation book cs1">Laxmikanth, M. (2014). <i>Governance in India</i> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Noida" title="Noida">Noida</a>: McGraw Hill Education. pp. 6.1–6.6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9339204785" title="Special:BookSources/978-9339204785"><bdi>978-9339204785</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Governance+in+India&rft.place=Noida&rft.pages=6.1-6.6&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=McGraw+Hill+Education&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-9339204785&rft.aulast=Laxmikanth&rft.aufirst=M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Report of the Indian Statutory Commission Volume 1 - Survey. Presented by the Secretary of State for the Home Department to Parliament by Command of His Majesty. May, 1930 AND Volume 2 - Recommendations Presented to the Secretary of State for the Home Department to Parliament by Command of His Majesty. May 1930</i>. London: <a href="/wiki/His_Majesty%27s_Stationery_Office" class="mw-redirect" title="His Majesty's Stationery Office">His Majesty's Stationery Office</a>. 1930. p. 255.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Report+of+the+Indian+Statutory+Commission+Volume+1+-+Survey.+Presented+by+the+Secretary+of+State+for+the+Home+Department+to+Parliament+by+Command+of+His+Majesty.+May%2C+1930+AND+Volume+2+-+Recommendations+Presented+to+the+Secretary+of+State+for+the+Home+Department+to+Parliament+by+Command+of+His+Majesty.+May+1930&rft.place=London&rft.pages=255&rft.pub=His+Majesty%27s+Stationery+Office&rft.date=1930&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7_Pay_Commission_Report-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7_Pay_Commission_Report_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151120092637/http://7cpc.india.gov.in/pdf/sevencpcreport.pdf">"Report of the 7th Central Pay Commission of India"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Department of Economic Affairs, <a href="/wiki/Government_of_India" title="Government of India">Government of India</a></i>. Seventh Central <a href="/wiki/Pay_Commission" title="Pay Commission">Pay Commission</a> of India. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://7cpc.india.gov.in/pdf/sevencpcreport.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 20 November 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Department+of+Economic+Affairs%2C+Government+of+India&rft.atitle=Report+of+the+7th+Central+Pay+Commission+of+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F7cpc.india.gov.in%2Fpdf%2Fsevencpcreport.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArora2011" class="citation book cs1">Arora, Ramesh K. (2011). <i>Indian Public Administration: Institutions and Issues</i>. New Age. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8122434460" title="Special:BookSources/978-8122434460"><bdi>978-8122434460</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Public+Administration%3A+Institutions+and+Issues&rft.pub=New+Age&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-8122434460&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Ramesh+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKP_Sai_Kiran2018" class="citation web cs1">KP Sai Kiran (3 July 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/thiruvananthapuram/now-no-security-for-sub-collectors/articleshow/64837126.cms">"Now, no security for sub-collectors"</a>. Times of India<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Now%2C+no+security+for+sub-collectors&rft.pub=Times+of+India&rft.date=2018-07-03&rft.au=KP+Sai+Kiran&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fthiruvananthapuram%2Fnow-no-security-for-sub-collectors%2Farticleshow%2F64837126.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShikha_Salaria2020" class="citation web cs1">Shikha Salaria (26 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/noida/police-withdraw-psos-of-additional-district-magistrates/articleshow/74309362.cms">"Noida: Police withdraw PSOs of additional district magistrates"</a>. Times of India<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Noida%3A+Police+withdraw+PSOs+of+additional+district+magistrates&rft.pub=Times+of+India&rft.date=2020-02-26&rft.au=Shikha+Salaria&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fnoida%2Fpolice-withdraw-psos-of-additional-district-magistrates%2Farticleshow%2F74309362.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNootan_Sharma2022" class="citation web cs1">Nootan Sharma (21 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theprint.in/the-fineprint/district-collector-magistrate-development-commissioner-what-to-call-an-ias-officer/1273328/">"District Collector, Magistrate, Development Commissioner: what to call an IAS officer?"</a>. The Print<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=District+Collector%2C+Magistrate%2C+Development+Commissioner%3A+what+to+call+an+IAS+officer%3F&rft.pub=The+Print&rft.date=2022-12-21&rft.au=Nootan+Sharma&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheprint.in%2Fthe-fineprint%2Fdistrict-collector-magistrate-development-commissioner-what-to-call-an-ias-officer%2F1273328%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cdn.s3waas.gov.in/s311b921ef080f7736089c757404650e40/uploads/2018/05/2018050972.pdf">"Maharashtra Act No. XLI of 1966"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Government of Maharashtra Law and Judiciary Department. 26 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maharashtra+Act+No.+XLI+of+1966&rft.pub=Government+of+Maharashtra+Law+and+Judiciary+Department&rft.date=2010-05-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcdn.s3waas.gov.in%2Fs311b921ef080f7736089c757404650e40%2Fuploads%2F2018%2F05%2F2018050972.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.boardofrevenue.mp.gov.in/acts/Act_MPLRC_1959_0020_Pdf_F95_English.pdf">"The M. P. Land Revenue Code, 1959"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Board of Revenue<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+M.+P.+Land+Revenue+Code%2C+1959&rft.pub=Board+of+Revenue&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.boardofrevenue.mp.gov.in%2Facts%2FAct_MPLRC_1959_0020_Pdf_F95_English.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170816062201/http://www.importantindia.com/1724/powers-of-district-magistrate-in-india/">"Powers Of District Magistrate in India"</a>. <i>Important India</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.importantindia.com/1724/powers-of-district-magistrate-in-india/">the original</a> on 16 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Important+India&rft.atitle=Powers+Of+District+Magistrate+in+India&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.importantindia.com%2F1724%2Fpowers-of-district-magistrate-in-india%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:22-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:22_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://up.gov.in/upconstitution.aspx">"CONSTITUTIONAL SETUP"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Government_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Government of Uttar Pradesh">Government of Uttar Pradesh</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Government+of+Uttar+Pradesh&rft.atitle=CONSTITUTIONAL+SETUP&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fup.gov.in%2Fupconstitution.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.muzaffarnagar.nic.in/admin.htm">"Administration"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Muzaffarnagar" title="Muzaffarnagar">Muzaffarnagar</a> District</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Muzaffarnagar+District&rft.atitle=Administration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.muzaffarnagar.nic.in%2Fadmin.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ghaziabad.nic.in/genadm.htm">"GENERAL ADMINISTRATION"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Ghaziabad,_Uttar_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh">Ghaziabad</a> District</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ghaziabad+District&rft.atitle=GENERAL+ADMINISTRATION&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fghaziabad.nic.in%2Fgenadm.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dk.nic.in/aboutdc.html">"About Deputy Commissioner & District Magistrate's Office"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dakshin_Kannada" class="mw-redirect" title="Dakshin Kannada">Dakshin Kannada</a> District</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dakshin+Kannada+District&rft.atitle=About+Deputy+Commissioner+%26+District+Magistrate%27s+Office&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dk.nic.in%2Faboutdc.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.regional-commissioner-belgaum.gov.in/english/dcpower.html">"Power & Functions of Deputy Commissioner"</a>. <i>Office of Regional Commissioner, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Belagum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Belagum (page does not exist)">Belagum</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Office+of+Regional+Commissioner%2C+Belagum&rft.atitle=Power+%26+Functions+of+Deputy+Commissioner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.regional-commissioner-belgaum.gov.in%2Fenglish%2Fdcpower.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:0_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://agra.nic.in/general_admin.html">"Administration"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a> District website</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Agra+District+website&rft.atitle=Administration&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fagra.nic.in%2Fgeneral_admin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFP2021" class="citation web cs1">P, Ambika (28 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/amid-protests-parliament-passes-bill-giving-powers-to-district-magistrates-to-issue-adoption-orders/articleshow/84834924.cms">"Amid protests, Parliament passes bill giving powers to district magistrates to issue adoption orders"</a>. <i>The Times of India</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Amid+protests%2C+Parliament+passes+bill+giving+powers+to+district+magistrates+to+issue+adoption+orders&rft.date=2021-07-28&rft.aulast=P&rft.aufirst=Ambika&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Findia%2Famid-protests-parliament-passes-bill-giving-powers-to-district-magistrates-to-issue-adoption-orders%2Farticleshow%2F84834924.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">National Security Act, India.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.regional-commissioner-belgaum.gov.in/All-files/Powers%20of%20DM_EM_DC_Central%20Acts_Hyperlinked%20(1).pdf">[1]</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/ArmsRules1962-260813_0.pdf">"The Arms Rules, 1962"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Ministry of Home Affairs. 13 July 1962<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Arms+Rules%2C+1962&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Home+Affairs&rft.date=1962-07-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mha.gov.in%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FArmsRules1962-260813_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharma" class="citation news cs1">Sharma, Shantanu Nandan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/covid-19-how-two-laws-have-vested-unusual-powers-with-the-district-magistrates/articleshow/75779257.cms?from=mdr">"Covid-19: How two laws have vested unusual powers with the district magistrates"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Covid-19%3A+How+two+laws+have+vested+unusual+powers+with+the+district+magistrates&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Shantanu+Nandan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics-and-nation%2Fcovid-19-how-two-laws-have-vested-unusual-powers-with-the-district-magistrates%2Farticleshow%2F75779257.cms%3Ffrom%3Dmdr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nuh.gov.in/administrative-setup/">"Functions of District Collector| District Administration, Nuh | India"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 April</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Functions+of+District+Collector%7C+District+Administration%2C+Nuh+%7C+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnuh.gov.in%2Fadministrative-setup%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://regional-commissioner-belgaum.gov.in/All-files/Powers%20of%20DM_EM_DC_Central%20Acts_Hyperlinked%20(1).pdf">"Powers, Functions and Responsibilities of Collector/District Magistrate"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Powers%2C+Functions+and+Responsibilities+of+Collector%2FDistrict+Magistrate&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fregional-commissioner-belgaum.gov.in%2FAll-files%2FPowers%2520of%2520DM_EM_DC_Central%2520Acts_Hyperlinked%2520%281%29.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eci.gov.in/files/file/15137-the-representation-of-people-act-1951/">"The Representation of People Act, 1951"</a>. <i>Election Commission of India</i>. 18 July 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Election+Commission+of+India&rft.atitle=The+Representation+of+People+Act%2C+1951&rft.date=2023-07-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eci.gov.in%2Ffiles%2Ffile%2F15137-the-representation-of-people-act-1951%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210421115010/https://roadsafety.kerala.gov.in/road-safety-authority">"About the Authority"</a>. District Road Safety Authorities of Kerala. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://roadsafety.kerala.gov.in/road-safety-authority">the original</a> on 21 April 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+the+Authority&rft.pub=District+Road+Safety+Authorities+of+Kerala&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Froadsafety.kerala.gov.in%2Froad-safety-authority&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.indiacode.nic.in/show-data?actid=AC_CEN_30_42_00009_198859_1517807326286&sectionId=28341&sectionno=68&orderno=75">"Section 68. Transport Authorities"</a>. Legislative Department, Ministry of Law and Justice, Government of India<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Section+68.+Transport+Authorities.&rft.pub=Legislative+Department%2C+Ministry+of+Law+and+Justice%2C+Government+of+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiacode.nic.in%2Fshow-data%3Factid%3DAC_CEN_30_42_00009_198859_1517807326286%26sectionId%3D28341%26sectionno%3D68%26orderno%3D75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.discoveredindia.com/kerala/district-tourism-promotion-council.htm">"District Tourism Promotion Council (DTPC) of Kerala"</a>. <i>www.discoveredindia.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.discoveredindia.com&rft.atitle=District+Tourism+Promotion+Council+%28DTPC%29+of+Kerala&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.discoveredindia.com%2Fkerala%2Fdistrict-tourism-promotion-council.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sdma.kerala.gov.in/members-of-ddma/">"Members of DDMA – Kerala State Disaster Management Authority"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Members+of+DDMA+%E2%80%93+Kerala+State+Disaster+Management+Authority&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsdma.kerala.gov.in%2Fmembers-of-ddma%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ernakulam.nic.in/district-planning-office/">"District Planning Office"</a>. District Administration Ernakulam<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=District+Planning+Office&rft.pub=District+Administration+Ernakulam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fernakulam.nic.in%2Fdistrict-planning-office%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theshillongtimes.com/2020/12/17/cj-inaugurates-district-court-at-baghmara/">"CJ inaugurates District Court at Baghmara"</a>. 17 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CJ+inaugurates+District+Court+at+Baghmara&rft.date=2020-12-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheshillongtimes.com%2F2020%2F12%2F17%2Fcj-inaugurates-district-court-at-baghmara%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharma2022" class="citation web cs1">Sharma, Nootan (21 December 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theprint.in/feature/district-collector-magistrate-development-commissioner-what-to-call-an-ias-officer/1273328/">"District Collector, Magistrate, Development Commissioner: what to call an IAS officer?"</a>. <i>ThePrint</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ThePrint&rft.atitle=District+Collector%2C+Magistrate%2C+Development+Commissioner%3A+what+to+call+an+IAS+officer%3F&rft.date=2022-12-21&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Nootan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftheprint.in%2Ffeature%2Fdistrict-collector-magistrate-development-commissioner-what-to-call-an-ias-officer%2F1273328%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://darpg.gov.in/sites/default/files/decision15.pdf">Administrative Reforms Commission’s 15th Report titled "State and District Administration"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Personnel,_Public_Grievances_and_Pensions" title="Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions">Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Administrative+Reforms+Commission%E2%80%99s+15th+Report+titled+%22State+and+District+Administration%22&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Personnel%2C+Public+Grievances+and+Pensions&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdarpg.gov.in%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fdecision15.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indianexpress.com/article/opinion/columns/need-to-restructure-district-collector-role-8312235/">"Seek to decolonise: Why we need to restructure the district collector's role"</a>. <i>The Indian Express</i>. 8 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Seek+to+decolonise%3A+Why+we+need+to+restructure+the+district+collector%E2%80%99s+role&rft.date=2022-12-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findianexpress.com%2Farticle%2Fopinion%2Fcolumns%2Fneed-to-restructure-district-collector-role-8312235%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCollege" class="citation web cs1">College, Magadh Mahila. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://magadhmahilacollege.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/Role-of-D.M.pdf">"Role of District Magistrate Move with the Changing Times"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Role+of+District+Magistrate+Move+with+the+Changing+Times&rft.aulast=College&rft.aufirst=Magadh+Mahila&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmagadhmahilacollege.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2020%2F04%2FRole-of-D.M.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDesk" class="citation web cs1">Desk, DH Web. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deccanherald.com/india/media-will-be-gone-we-will-remain-dm-tells-hathras-rape-victims-family-896149.html">"Media will be gone, we will remain: DM tells Hathras rape victim's family"</a>. <i>Deccan Herald</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Deccan+Herald&rft.atitle=Media+will+be+gone%2C+we+will+remain%3A+DM+tells+Hathras+rape+victim%27s+family&rft.aulast=Desk&rft.aufirst=DH+Web&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.deccanherald.com%2Findia%2Fmedia-will-be-gone-we-will-remain-dm-tells-hathras-rape-victims-family-896149.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|last=</code> has generic name (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#generic_name" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/separate-collector-for-kolkata/articleshow/16171900.cms">"Mamata Banerjee: Separate collector for Kolkata | Kolkata News - Times of India"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Times_of_India" title="The Times of India">The Times of India</a></i>. 2 September 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Mamata+Banerjee%3A+Separate+collector+for+Kolkata+%26%23124%3B+Kolkata+News+-+Times+of+India&rft.date=2012-09-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fkolkata%2Fseparate-collector-for-kolkata%2Farticleshow%2F16171900.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> A district magistrate is either a member of IAS or State Civil Service appointed by Government of <a href="/wiki/State_governments_of_India" title="State governments of India">State Governments of India</a> in that respective state.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSingh1993" class="citation book cs1">Singh, G.P. (1993). <i>Revenue administration in India: A case study of Bihar</i>. <a href="/wiki/Delhi" title="Delhi">Delhi</a>: Mittal Publications. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8170993810" title="Special:BookSources/978-8170993810"><bdi>978-8170993810</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Revenue+administration+in+India%3A+A+case+study+of+Bihar&rft.place=Delhi&rft.pub=Mittal+Publications&rft.date=1993&rft.isbn=978-8170993810&rft.aulast=Singh&rft.aufirst=G.P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaheshwari2000" class="citation book cs1">Maheshwari, S.R. (2000). <i>Indian Administration</i> (6th ed.). <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>: Orient Blackswan Private Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788125019886" title="Special:BookSources/9788125019886"><bdi>9788125019886</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Administration&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.edition=6th&rft.pub=Orient+Blackswan+Private+Ltd.&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=9788125019886&rft.aulast=Maheshwari&rft.aufirst=S.R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaxmikanth2014" class="citation book cs1">Laxmikanth, M. (2014). <i>Governance in India</i> (2nd ed.). <a href="/wiki/Noida" title="Noida">Noida</a>: McGraw Hill Education. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9339204785" title="Special:BookSources/978-9339204785"><bdi>978-9339204785</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Governance+in+India&rft.place=Noida&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=McGraw+Hill+Education&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-9339204785&rft.aulast=Laxmikanth&rft.aufirst=M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArora2011" class="citation book cs1">Arora, Ramesh K. (2011). <i>Indian Public Administration: Institutions and Issues</i>. <a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a>: New Age International. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8122434460" title="Special:BookSources/978-8122434460"><bdi>978-8122434460</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indian+Public+Administration%3A+Institutions+and+Issues&rft.place=New+Delhi&rft.pub=New+Age+International&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-8122434460&rft.aulast=Arora&rft.aufirst=Ramesh+K.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADistrict+magistrate" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&oldid=1259170393">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&oldid=1259170393</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Indian_Administrative_Service_officers" title="Category:Indian Administrative Service officers">Indian Administrative Service officers</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_incomplete_citations" title="Category:All articles with incomplete citations">All articles with incomplete citations</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_incomplete_citations_from_May_2023" title="Category:Articles with incomplete citations from May 2023">Articles with incomplete citations from May 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_generic_name" title="Category:CS1 errors: generic name">CS1 errors: generic name</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_is_different_from_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description is different from Wikidata">Short description is different from Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_needing_rewrite_from_September_2023" title="Category:Wikipedia articles needing rewrite from September 2023">Wikipedia articles needing rewrite from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_rewrite" title="Category:All articles needing rewrite">All articles needing rewrite</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_with_style_issues_from_September_2023" title="Category:Wikipedia articles with style issues from September 2023">Wikipedia articles with style issues from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_style_issues" title="Category:All articles with style issues">All articles with style issues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_needing_additional_references_from_September_2023" title="Category:Articles needing additional references from September 2023">Articles needing additional references from September 2023</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_needing_additional_references" title="Category:All articles needing additional references">All articles needing additional references</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_multiple_maintenance_issues" title="Category:Articles with multiple maintenance issues">Articles with multiple maintenance issues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_dmy_dates_from_June_2016" title="Category:Use dmy dates from June 2016">Use dmy dates from June 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_Indian_English_from_June_2016" title="Category:Use Indian English from June 2016">Use Indian English from June 2016</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_Indian_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English">All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 19:27<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms of Use">Terms of Use</a> and <a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy policy">Privacy Policy</a>. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/">Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.</a>, a non-profit organization.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-contact"><a href="//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Contact_us">Contact Wikipedia</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/en.wikipedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//en.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=District_magistrate&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-bklvv","wgBackendResponseTime":185,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.634","walltime":"0.770","ppvisitednodes":{"value":3664,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":120892,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":14566,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":17,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":1,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":162734,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 683.242 1 -total"," 49.15% 335.803 2 Template:Reflist"," 33.97% 232.079 33 Template:Cite_web"," 20.47% 139.892 1 Template:Multiple_issues"," 10.96% 74.900 1 Template:Short_description"," 10.20% 69.668 3 Template:Ambox"," 8.10% 55.319 1 Template:Cleanup_rewrite"," 6.98% 47.711 9 Template:Cite_book"," 6.94% 47.430 2 Template:Pagetype"," 6.26% 42.781 1 Template:Infobox_official_post"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.377","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":6507255,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.codfw.main-f69cdc8f6-mczds","timestamp":"20241123192738","ttl":621151,"transientcontent":true}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"District magistrate","url":"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/District_magistrate","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2722496","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q2722496","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2005-02-09T18:29:14Z","dateModified":"2024-11-23T19:27:35Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/en\/4\/41\/Flag_of_India.svg","headline":"civil servant position in India"}</script> </body> </html>