CINXE.COM

News | NIST

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr" prefix="content: http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/ dc: http://purl.org/dc/terms/ foaf: http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/ og: http://ogp.me/ns# rdfs: http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema# schema: http://schema.org/ sioc: http://rdfs.org/sioc/ns# sioct: http://rdfs.org/sioc/types# skos: http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core# xsd: http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema# "> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=HxkREWBo" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news","20240226171933","https://web.archive.org/","web","/_static/", "1708967973"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=S1zqJCYt" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <meta charset="utf-8"/><script type="text/javascript">(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).init={ajax:{deny_list:["bam.nr-data.net"]}};(window.NREUM||(NREUM={})).loader_config={licenseKey:"37b7ccb661",applicationID:"1089704227"};;/*! For license information please see nr-loader-rum-1.252.0.min.js.LICENSE.txt */ (()=>{var e,t,r={234:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P_:()=>v,Mt:()=>b,C5:()=>s,DL:()=>w,OP:()=>S,lF:()=>T,Yu:()=>x,Dg:()=>m,CX:()=>c,GE:()=>_,sU:()=>R});var n=r(8632),i=r(9567);const o={beacon:n.ce.beacon,errorBeacon:n.ce.errorBeacon,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,sa:void 0,queueTime:void 0,applicationTime:void 0,ttGuid:void 0,user:void 0,account:void 0,product:void 0,extra:void 0,jsAttributes:{},userAttributes:void 0,atts:void 0,transactionName:void 0,tNamePlain:void 0},a={};function s(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");if(!a[e])throw new Error("Info for ".concat(e," was never set"));return a[e]}function c(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All info objects require an agent identifier!");a[e]=(0,i.D)(t,o);const r=(0,n.ek)(e);r&&(r.info=a[e])}const u=e=>{if(!e||"string"!=typeof e)return!1;try{document.createDocumentFragment().querySelector(e)}catch{return!1}return!0};var d=r(7056),l=r(50);const f="[data-nr-mask]",g=()=>{const e={mask_selector:"*",block_selector:"[data-nr-block]",mask_input_options:{color:!1,date:!1,"datetime-local":!1,email:!1,month:!1,number:!1,range:!1,search:!1,tel:!1,text:!1,time:!1,url:!1,week:!1,textarea:!1,select:!1,password:!0}};return{feature_flags:[],proxy:{assets:void 0,beacon:void 0},privacy:{cookies_enabled:!0},ajax:{deny_list:void 0,block_internal:!0,enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},distributed_tracing:{enabled:void 0,exclude_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_newrelic_header:void 0,cors_use_tracecontext_headers:void 0,allowed_origins:void 0},session:{domain:void 0,expiresMs:d.oD,inactiveMs:d.Hb},ssl:void 0,obfuscate:void 0,jserrors:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},metrics:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_action:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,autoStart:!0},page_view_event:{enabled:!0,autoStart:!0},page_view_timing:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:30,long_task:!1,autoStart:!0},session_trace:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0},harvest:{tooManyRequestsDelay:60},session_replay:{autoStart:!0,enabled:!1,harvestTimeSeconds:60,sampling_rate:10,error_sampling_rate:100,collect_fonts:!1,inline_images:!1,inline_stylesheet:!0,mask_all_inputs:!0,get mask_text_selector(){return e.mask_selector},set mask_text_selector(t){u(t)?e.mask_selector="".concat(t,",").concat(f):""===t||null===t?e.mask_selector=f:(0,l.Z)("An invalid session_replay.mask_selector was provided. '*' will be used.",t)},get block_class(){return"nr-block"},get ignore_class(){return"nr-ignore"},get mask_text_class(){return"nr-mask"},get block_selector(){return e.block_selector},set block_selector(t){u(t)?e.block_selector+=",".concat(t):""!==t&&(0,l.Z)("An invalid session_replay.block_selector was provided and will not be used",t)},get mask_input_options(){return e.mask_input_options},set mask_input_options(t){t&&"object"==typeof t?e.mask_input_options={...t,password:!0}:(0,l.Z)("An invalid session_replay.mask_input_option was provided and will not be used",t)}},spa:{enabled:!0,harvestTimeSeconds:10,autoStart:!0}}},p={},h="All configuration objects require an agent identifier!";function v(e){if(!e)throw new Error(h);if(!p[e])throw new Error("Configuration for ".concat(e," was never set"));return p[e]}function m(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(h);p[e]=(0,i.D)(t,g());const r=(0,n.ek)(e);r&&(r.init=p[e])}function b(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error(h);var r=v(e);if(r){for(var n=t.split("."),i=0;i<n.length-1;i++)if("object"!=typeof(r=r[n[i]]))return;r=r[n[n.length-1]]}return r}const y={accountID:void 0,trustKey:void 0,agentID:void 0,licenseKey:void 0,applicationID:void 0,xpid:void 0},A={};function w(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");if(!A[e])throw new Error("LoaderConfig for ".concat(e," was never set"));return A[e]}function _(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All loader-config objects require an agent identifier!");A[e]=(0,i.D)(t,y);const r=(0,n.ek)(e);r&&(r.loader_config=A[e])}const x=(0,n.mF)().o;var E=r(385),D=r(6818);const k={buildEnv:D.Re,customTransaction:void 0,disabled:!1,distMethod:D.gF,isolatedBacklog:!1,loaderType:void 0,maxBytes:3e4,offset:Math.floor(E._A?.performance?.timeOrigin||E._A?.performance?.timing?.navigationStart||Date.now()),onerror:void 0,origin:""+E._A.location,ptid:void 0,releaseIds:{},session:void 0,xhrWrappable:"function"==typeof E._A.XMLHttpRequest?.prototype?.addEventListener,version:D.q4,denyList:void 0},j={};function S(e){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");if(!j[e])throw new Error("Runtime for ".concat(e," was never set"));return j[e]}function R(e,t){if(!e)throw new Error("All runtime objects require an agent identifier!");j[e]=(0,i.D)(t,k);const r=(0,n.ek)(e);r&&(r.runtime=j[e])}function T(e){return function(e){try{const t=s(e);return!!t.licenseKey&&!!t.errorBeacon&&!!t.applicationID}catch(e){return!1}}(e)}},9567:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>i});var n=r(50);function i(e,t){try{if(!e||"object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.Z)("Setting a Configurable requires an object as input");if(!t||"object"!=typeof t)return(0,n.Z)("Setting a Configurable requires a model to set its initial properties");const r=Object.create(Object.getPrototypeOf(t),Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors(t)),o=0===Object.keys(r).length?e:r;for(let a in o)if(void 0!==e[a])try{Array.isArray(e[a])&&Array.isArray(t[a])?r[a]=Array.from(new Set([...e[a],...t[a]])):"object"==typeof e[a]&&"object"==typeof t[a]?r[a]=i(e[a],t[a]):r[a]=e[a]}catch(e){(0,n.Z)("An error occurred while setting a property of a Configurable",e)}return r}catch(e){(0,n.Z)("An error occured while setting a Configurable",e)}}},6818:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Re:()=>i,gF:()=>o,q4:()=>n});const n="1.252.0",i="PROD",o="CDN"},385:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Nk:()=>d,Tt:()=>s,_A:()=>o,cv:()=>l,iS:()=>a,il:()=>n,ux:()=>c,v6:()=>i,w1:()=>u});const n="undefined"!=typeof window&&!!window.document,i="undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis.navigator instanceof WorkerNavigator),o=n?window:"undefined"!=typeof WorkerGlobalScope&&("undefined"!=typeof self&&self instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&self||"undefined"!=typeof globalThis&&globalThis instanceof WorkerGlobalScope&&globalThis),a=Boolean("hidden"===o?.document?.visibilityState),s=/iPad|iPhone|iPod/.test(o.navigator?.userAgent),c=s&&"undefined"==typeof SharedWorker,u=((()=>{const e=o.navigator?.userAgent?.match(/Firefox[/\s](\d+\.\d+)/);Array.isArray(e)&&e.length>=2&&e[1]})(),Boolean(n&&window.document.documentMode)),d=!!o.navigator?.sendBeacon,l=Math.floor(o?.performance?.timeOrigin||o?.performance?.timing?.navigationStart||Date.now())},1117:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{w:()=>o});var n=r(50);const i={agentIdentifier:"",ee:void 0};class o{constructor(e){try{if("object"!=typeof e)return(0,n.Z)("shared context requires an object as input");this.sharedContext={},Object.assign(this.sharedContext,i),Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,r]=e;Object.keys(i).includes(t)&&(this.sharedContext[t]=r)}))}catch(e){(0,n.Z)("An error occured while setting SharedContext",e)}}}},8e3:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{L:()=>d,R:()=>c});var n=r(8325),i=r(1284),o=r(4322),a=r(3325);const s={};function c(e,t){const r={staged:!1,priority:a.p[t]||0};u(e),s[e].get(t)||s[e].set(t,r)}function u(e){e&&(s[e]||(s[e]=new Map))}function d(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:"",t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:"feature",r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2];if(u(e),!e||!s[e].get(t)||r)return c(t);s[e].get(t).staged=!0;const a=[...s[e]];function c(t){const r=e?n.ee.get(e):n.ee,a=o.X.handlers;if(r.backlog&&a){var s=r.backlog[t],c=a[t];if(c){for(var u=0;s&&u<s.length;++u)l(s[u],c);(0,i.D)(c,(function(e,t){(0,i.D)(t,(function(t,r){r[0].on(e,r[1])}))}))}delete a[t],r.backlog[t]=null,r.emit("drain-"+t,[])}}a.every((e=>{let[t,r]=e;return r.staged}))&&(a.sort(((e,t)=>e[1].priority-t[1].priority)),a.forEach((t=>{let[r]=t;s[e].delete(r),c(r)})))}function l(e,t){var r=e[1];(0,i.D)(t[r],(function(t,r){var n=e[0];if(r[0]===n){var i=r[1],o=e[3],a=e[2];i.apply(o,a)}}))}},8325:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{A:()=>c,ee:()=>u});var n=r(8632),i=r(2210),o=r(234);class a{constructor(e){this.contextId=e}}var s=r(3117);const c="nr@context:".concat(s.a),u=function e(t,r){var n={},s={},d={},f=!1;try{f=16===r.length&&(0,o.OP)(r).isolatedBacklog}catch(e){}var g={on:h,addEventListener:h,removeEventListener:function(e,t){var r=n[e];if(!r)return;for(var i=0;i<r.length;i++)r[i]===t&&r.splice(i,1)},emit:function(e,r,n,i,o){!1!==o&&(o=!0);if(u.aborted&&!i)return;t&&o&&t.emit(e,r,n);for(var a=p(n),c=v(e),d=c.length,l=0;l<d;l++)c[l].apply(a,r);var f=b()[s[e]];f&&f.push([g,e,r,a]);return a},get:m,listeners:v,context:p,buffer:function(e,t){const r=b();if(t=t||"feature",g.aborted)return;Object.entries(e||{}).forEach((e=>{let[n,i]=e;s[i]=t,t in r||(r[t]=[])}))},abort:l,aborted:!1,isBuffering:function(e){return!!b()[s[e]]},debugId:r,backlog:f?{}:t&&"object"==typeof t.backlog?t.backlog:{}};return g;function p(e){return e&&e instanceof a?e:e?(0,i.X)(e,c,(()=>new a(c))):new a(c)}function h(e,t){n[e]=v(e).concat(t)}function v(e){return n[e]||[]}function m(t){return d[t]=d[t]||e(g,t)}function b(){return g.backlog}}(void 0,"globalEE"),d=(0,n.fP)();function l(){u.aborted=!0,Object.keys(u.backlog).forEach((e=>{delete u.backlog[e]}))}d.ee||(d.ee=u)},5546:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{E:()=>n,p:()=>i});var n=r(8325).ee.get("handle");function i(e,t,r,i,o){o?(o.buffer([e],i),o.emit(e,t,r)):(n.buffer([e],i),n.emit(e,t,r))}},4322:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{X:()=>o});var n=r(5546);o.on=a;var i=o.handlers={};function o(e,t,r,o){a(o||n.E,i,e,t,r)}function a(e,t,r,i,o){o||(o="feature"),e||(e=n.E);var a=t[o]=t[o]||{};(a[r]=a[r]||[]).push([e,i])}},3239:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{bP:()=>s,iz:()=>c,m$:()=>a});var n=r(385);let i=!1,o=!1;try{const e={get passive(){return i=!0,!1},get signal(){return o=!0,!1}};n._A.addEventListener("test",null,e),n._A.removeEventListener("test",null,e)}catch(e){}function a(e,t){return i||o?{capture:!!e,passive:i,signal:t}:!!e}function s(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2],n=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;window.addEventListener(e,t,a(r,n))}function c(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2],n=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;document.addEventListener(e,t,a(r,n))}},3117:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{a:()=>n});const n=(0,r(4402).Rl)()},4402:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Rl:()=>a,ky:()=>s});var n=r(385);const i="xxxxxxxx-xxxx-4xxx-yxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx";function o(e,t){return e?15&e[t]:16*Math.random()|0}function a(){const e=n._A?.crypto||n._A?.msCrypto;let t,r=0;return e&&e.getRandomValues&&(t=e.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(30))),i.split("").map((e=>"x"===e?o(t,r++).toString(16):"y"===e?(3&o()|8).toString(16):e)).join("")}function s(e){const t=n._A?.crypto||n._A?.msCrypto;let r,i=0;t&&t.getRandomValues&&(r=t.getRandomValues(new Uint8Array(e)));const a=[];for(var s=0;s<e;s++)a.push(o(r,i++).toString(16));return a.join("")}},7056:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{Bq:()=>n,Hb:()=>o,IK:()=>c,oD:()=>i,uT:()=>s,wO:()=>a});const n="NRBA",i=144e5,o=18e5,a={PAUSE:"session-pause",RESET:"session-reset",RESUME:"session-resume",UPDATE:"session-update"},s={SAME_TAB:"same-tab",CROSS_TAB:"cross-tab"},c={OFF:0,FULL:1,ERROR:2}},7894:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(){return Math.round(performance.now())}r.d(t,{z:()=>n})},50:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";function n(e,t){"function"==typeof console.warn&&(console.warn("New Relic: ".concat(e)),t&&console.warn(t))}r.d(t,{Z:()=>n})},2825:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{N:()=>d,T:()=>l});var n=r(8325),i=r(5546),o=r(3325),a=r(385);const s="newrelic";const c={stn:[o.D.sessionTrace],err:[o.D.jserrors,o.D.metrics],ins:[o.D.pageAction],spa:[o.D.spa],sr:[o.D.sessionReplay,o.D.sessionTrace]},u=new Set;function d(e,t){const r=n.ee.get(t);e&&"object"==typeof e&&(u.has(t)||(Object.entries(e).forEach((e=>{let[t,n]=e;c[t]?c[t].forEach((e=>{n?(0,i.p)("feat-"+t,[],void 0,e,r):(0,i.p)("block-"+t,[],void 0,e,r),(0,i.p)("rumresp-"+t,[Boolean(n)],void 0,e,r)})):n&&(0,i.p)("feat-"+t,[],void 0,void 0,r),l[t]=Boolean(n)})),Object.keys(c).forEach((e=>{void 0===l[e]&&(c[e]?.forEach((t=>(0,i.p)("rumresp-"+e,[!1],void 0,t,r))),l[e]=!1)})),u.add(t),function(){let e=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};try{a._A.dispatchEvent(new CustomEvent(s,{detail:e}))}catch(e){}}({loaded:!0})))}const l={}},2210:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{X:()=>i});var n=Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty;function i(e,t,r){if(n.call(e,t))return e[t];var i=r();if(Object.defineProperty&&Object.keys)try{return Object.defineProperty(e,t,{value:i,writable:!0,enumerable:!1}),i}catch(e){}return e[t]=i,i}},1284:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>n});const n=(e,t)=>Object.entries(e||{}).map((e=>{let[r,n]=e;return t(r,n)}))},4351:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{P:()=>o});var n=r(8325);const i=()=>{const e=new WeakSet;return(t,r)=>{if("object"==typeof r&&null!==r){if(e.has(r))return;e.add(r)}return r}};function o(e){try{return JSON.stringify(e,i())}catch(e){try{n.ee.emit("internal-error",[e])}catch(e){}}}},3960:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{KB:()=>a,b2:()=>o});var n=r(3239);function i(){return"undefined"==typeof document||"complete"===document.readyState}function o(e,t){if(i())return e();(0,n.bP)("load",e,t)}function a(e){if(i())return e();(0,n.iz)("DOMContentLoaded",e)}},8632:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{EZ:()=>d,ce:()=>o,ek:()=>u,fP:()=>a,gG:()=>l,h5:()=>c,mF:()=>s});var n=r(7894),i=r(385);const o={beacon:"bam.nr-data.net",errorBeacon:"bam.nr-data.net"};function a(){return i._A.NREUM||(i._A.NREUM={}),void 0===i._A.newrelic&&(i._A.newrelic=i._A.NREUM),i._A.NREUM}function s(){let e=a();return e.o||(e.o={ST:i._A.setTimeout,SI:i._A.setImmediate,CT:i._A.clearTimeout,XHR:i._A.XMLHttpRequest,REQ:i._A.Request,EV:i._A.Event,PR:i._A.Promise,MO:i._A.MutationObserver,FETCH:i._A.fetch}),e}function c(e,t){let r=a();r.initializedAgents??={},t.initializedAt={ms:(0,n.z)(),date:new Date},r.initializedAgents[e]=t}function u(e){let t=a();return t.initializedAgents?.[e]}function d(e,t){a()[e]=t}function l(){return function(){let e=a();const t=e.info||{};e.info={beacon:o.beacon,errorBeacon:o.errorBeacon,...t}}(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.init||{};e.init={...t}}(),s(),function(){let e=a();const t=e.loader_config||{};e.loader_config={...t}}(),a()}},7956:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{N:()=>i});var n=r(3239);function i(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]&&arguments[1],r=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,i=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0;(0,n.iz)("visibilitychange",(function(){if(t)return void("hidden"===document.visibilityState&&e());e(document.visibilityState)}),r,i)}},3081:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{gF:()=>o,mY:()=>i,t9:()=>n,vz:()=>s,xS:()=>a});const n=r(3325).D.metrics,i="sm",o="cm",a="storeSupportabilityMetrics",s="storeEventMetrics"},7633:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>n});const n=r(3325).D.pageViewEvent},9251:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{t:()=>n});const n=r(3325).D.pageViewTiming},5938:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{W:()=>i});var n=r(8325);class i{constructor(e,t,r){this.agentIdentifier=e,this.aggregator=t,this.ee=n.ee.get(e),this.featureName=r,this.blocked=!1}}},7530:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{j:()=>b});var n=r(3325),i=r(234),o=r(5546),a=r(8325),s=r(7894),c=r(8e3),u=r(3960),d=r(385),l=r(50),f=r(3081),g=r(8632);function p(){const e=(0,g.gG)();["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease","addPageAction","setCurrentRouteName","setPageViewName","setCustomAttribute","interaction","noticeError","setUserId","setApplicationVersion","start","recordReplay","pauseReplay"].forEach((t=>{e[t]=function(){for(var r=arguments.length,n=new Array(r),i=0;i<r;i++)n[i]=arguments[i];return function(t){for(var r=arguments.length,n=new Array(r>1?r-1:0),i=1;i<r;i++)n[i-1]=arguments[i];let o=[];return Object.values(e.initializedAgents).forEach((e=>{e.exposed&&e.api[t]&&o.push(e.api[t](...n))})),o.length>1?o:o[0]}(t,...n)}}))}var h=r(2825);const v=e=>{const t=e.startsWith("http");e+="/",r.p=t?e:"https://"+e};let m=!1;function b(e){let t=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:{},b=arguments.length>2?arguments[2]:void 0,y=arguments.length>3?arguments[3]:void 0,{init:A,info:w,loader_config:_,runtime:x={loaderType:b},exposed:E=!0}=t;const D=(0,g.gG)();w||(A=D.init,w=D.info,_=D.loader_config),(0,i.Dg)(e.agentIdentifier,A||{}),(0,i.GE)(e.agentIdentifier,_||{}),w.jsAttributes??={},d.v6&&(w.jsAttributes.isWorker=!0),(0,i.CX)(e.agentIdentifier,w);const k=(0,i.P_)(e.agentIdentifier),j=[w.beacon,w.errorBeacon];m||(k.proxy.assets&&(v(k.proxy.assets),j.push(k.proxy.assets)),k.proxy.beacon&&j.push(k.proxy.beacon),p(),(0,g.EZ)("activatedFeatures",h.T)),x.denyList=[...k.ajax.deny_list||[],...k.ajax.block_internal?j:[]],(0,i.sU)(e.agentIdentifier,x),void 0===e.api&&(e.api=function(e,t){t||(0,c.R)(e,"api");const g={};var p=a.ee.get(e),h=p.get("tracer"),v="api-",m=v+"ixn-";function b(t,r,n,o){const a=(0,i.C5)(e);return null===r?delete a.jsAttributes[t]:(0,i.CX)(e,{...a,jsAttributes:{...a.jsAttributes,[t]:r}}),w(v,n,!0,o||null===r?"session":void 0)(t,r)}function y(){}["setErrorHandler","finished","addToTrace","addRelease"].forEach((e=>{g[e]=w(v,e,!0,"api")})),g.addPageAction=w(v,"addPageAction",!0,n.D.pageAction),g.setCurrentRouteName=w(v,"routeName",!0,n.D.spa),g.setPageViewName=function(t,r){if("string"==typeof t)return"/"!==t.charAt(0)&&(t="/"+t),(0,i.OP)(e).customTransaction=(r||"https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/http://custom.transaction")+t,w(v,"setPageViewName",!0)()},g.setCustomAttribute=function(e,t){let r=arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2]&&arguments[2];if("string"==typeof e){if(["string","number","boolean"].includes(typeof t)||null===t)return b(e,t,"setCustomAttribute",r);(0,l.Z)("Failed to execute setCustomAttribute.\nNon-null value must be a string, number or boolean type, but a type of <".concat(typeof t,"> was provided."))}else(0,l.Z)("Failed to execute setCustomAttribute.\nName must be a string type, but a type of <".concat(typeof e,"> was provided."))},g.setUserId=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return b("enduser.id",e,"setUserId",!0);(0,l.Z)("Failed to execute setUserId.\nNon-null value must be a string type, but a type of <".concat(typeof e,"> was provided."))},g.setApplicationVersion=function(e){if("string"==typeof e||null===e)return b("application.version",e,"setApplicationVersion",!1);(0,l.Z)("Failed to execute setApplicationVersion. Expected <String | null>, but got <".concat(typeof e,">."))},g.start=e=>{try{const t=e?"defined":"undefined";(0,o.p)(f.xS,["API/start/".concat(t,"/called")],void 0,n.D.metrics,p);const r=Object.values(n.D);if(void 0===e)e=r;else{if((e=Array.isArray(e)&&e.length?e:[e]).some((e=>!r.includes(e))))return(0,l.Z)("Invalid feature name supplied. Acceptable feature names are: ".concat(r));e.includes(n.D.pageViewEvent)||e.push(n.D.pageViewEvent)}e.forEach((e=>{p.emit("".concat(e,"-opt-in"))}))}catch(e){(0,l.Z)("An unexpected issue occurred",e)}},g.recordReplay=function(){(0,o.p)(f.xS,["API/recordReplay/called"],void 0,n.D.metrics,p),(0,o.p)("recordReplay",[],void 0,n.D.sessionReplay,p)},g.pauseReplay=function(){(0,o.p)(f.xS,["API/pauseReplay/called"],void 0,n.D.metrics,p),(0,o.p)("pauseReplay",[],void 0,n.D.sessionReplay,p)},g.interaction=function(){return(new y).get()};var A=y.prototype={createTracer:function(e,t){var r={},i=this,a="function"==typeof t;return(0,o.p)(f.xS,["API/createTracer/called"],void 0,n.D.metrics,p),(0,o.p)(m+"tracer",[(0,s.z)(),e,r],i,n.D.spa,p),function(){if(h.emit((a?"":"no-")+"fn-start",[(0,s.z)(),i,a],r),a)try{return t.apply(this,arguments)}catch(e){throw h.emit("fn-err",[arguments,this,e],r),e}finally{h.emit("fn-end",[(0,s.z)()],r)}}}};function w(e,t,r,i){return function(){return(0,o.p)(f.xS,["API/"+t+"/called"],void 0,n.D.metrics,p),i&&(0,o.p)(e+t,[(0,s.z)(),...arguments],r?null:this,i,p),r?void 0:this}}function _(){r.e(75).then(r.bind(r,7438)).then((t=>{let{setAPI:r}=t;r(e),(0,c.L)(e,"api")})).catch((()=>{(0,l.Z)("Downloading runtime APIs failed..."),(0,c.L)(e,"api",!0)}))}return["actionText","setName","setAttribute","save","ignore","onEnd","getContext","end","get"].forEach((e=>{A[e]=w(m,e,void 0,n.D.spa)})),g.noticeError=function(e,t){"string"==typeof e&&(e=new Error(e)),(0,o.p)(f.xS,["API/noticeError/called"],void 0,n.D.metrics,p),(0,o.p)("err",[e,(0,s.z)(),!1,t],void 0,n.D.jserrors,p)},d.il?(0,u.b2)((()=>_()),!0):_(),g}(e.agentIdentifier,y)),void 0===e.exposed&&(e.exposed=E),m=!0}},1926:(e,t,r)=>{r.nc=(()=>{try{return document?.currentScript?.nonce}catch(e){}return""})()},3325:(e,t,r)=>{"use strict";r.d(t,{D:()=>n,p:()=>i});const n={ajax:"ajax",jserrors:"jserrors",metrics:"metrics",pageAction:"page_action",pageViewEvent:"page_view_event",pageViewTiming:"page_view_timing",sessionReplay:"session_replay",sessionTrace:"session_trace",spa:"spa"},i={[n.pageViewEvent]:1,[n.pageViewTiming]:2,[n.metrics]:3,[n.jserrors]:4,[n.ajax]:5,[n.sessionTrace]:6,[n.pageAction]:7,[n.spa]:8,[n.sessionReplay]:9}}},n={};function i(e){var t=n[e];if(void 0!==t)return t.exports;var o=n[e]={exports:{}};return r[e](o,o.exports,i),o.exports}i.m=r,i.d=(e,t)=>{for(var r in t)i.o(t,r)&&!i.o(e,r)&&Object.defineProperty(e,r,{enumerable:!0,get:t[r]})},i.f={},i.e=e=>Promise.all(Object.keys(i.f).reduce(((t,r)=>(i.f[r](e,t),t)),[])),i.u=e=>"nr-rum-1.252.0.min.js",i.o=(e,t)=>Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(e,t),e={},t="NRBA-1.252.0.PROD:",i.l=(r,n,o,a)=>{if(e[r])e[r].push(n);else{var s,c;if(void 0!==o)for(var u=document.getElementsByTagName("script"),d=0;d<u.length;d++){var l=u[d];if(l.getAttribute("src")==r||l.getAttribute("data-webpack")==t+o){s=l;break}}if(!s){c=!0;var f={75:"sha512-85KXSsv643MTRPulZfmcwj8IKIbJeT9JfNpsSBckCZNUr+o/ILbmpOISx04Ol69WzHRZplUy/y2FaJ3KUChaTw=="};(s=document.createElement("script")).charset="utf-8",s.timeout=120,i.nc&&s.setAttribute("nonce",i.nc),s.setAttribute("data-webpack",t+o),s.src=r,0!==s.src.indexOf(window.location.origin+"/")&&(s.crossOrigin="anonymous"),f[a]&&(s.integrity=f[a])}e[r]=[n];var g=(t,n)=>{s.onerror=s.onload=null,clearTimeout(p);var i=e[r];if(delete e[r],s.parentNode&&s.parentNode.removeChild(s),i&&i.forEach((e=>e(n))),t)return t(n)},p=setTimeout(g.bind(null,void 0,{type:"timeout",target:s}),12e4);s.onerror=g.bind(null,s.onerror),s.onload=g.bind(null,s.onload),c&&document.head.appendChild(s)}},i.r=e=>{"undefined"!=typeof Symbol&&Symbol.toStringTag&&Object.defineProperty(e,Symbol.toStringTag,{value:"Module"}),Object.defineProperty(e,"__esModule",{value:!0})},i.p="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://js-agent.newrelic.com/",(()=>{var e={50:0,832:0};i.f.j=(t,r)=>{var n=i.o(e,t)?e[t]:void 0;if(0!==n)if(n)r.push(n[2]);else{var o=new Promise(((r,i)=>n=e[t]=[r,i]));r.push(n[2]=o);var a=i.p+i.u(t),s=new Error;i.l(a,(r=>{if(i.o(e,t)&&(0!==(n=e[t])&&(e[t]=void 0),n)){var o=r&&("load"===r.type?"missing":r.type),a=r&&r.target&&r.target.src;s.message="Loading chunk "+t+" failed.\n("+o+": "+a+")",s.name="ChunkLoadError",s.type=o,s.request=a,n[1](s)}}),"chunk-"+t,t)}};var t=(t,r)=>{var n,o,[a,s,c]=r,u=0;if(a.some((t=>0!==e[t]))){for(n in s)i.o(s,n)&&(i.m[n]=s[n]);if(c)c(i)}for(t&&t(r);u<a.length;u++)o=a[u],i.o(e,o)&&e[o]&&e[o][0](),e[o]=0},r=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.252.0.PROD"]=self["webpackChunk:NRBA-1.252.0.PROD"]||[];r.forEach(t.bind(null,0)),r.push=t.bind(null,r.push.bind(r))})(),(()=>{"use strict";i(1926);var e=i(50);class t{#e(t){for(var r=arguments.length,n=new Array(r>1?r-1:0),i=1;i<r;i++)n[i-1]=arguments[i];if("function"==typeof this.api?.[t])return this.api[t](...n);(0,e.Z)("Call to agent api ".concat(t," failed. The API is not currently initialized."))}addPageAction(e,t){return this.#e("addPageAction",e,t)}setPageViewName(e,t){return this.#e("setPageViewName",e,t)}setCustomAttribute(e,t,r){return this.#e("setCustomAttribute",e,t,r)}noticeError(e,t){return this.#e("noticeError",e,t)}setUserId(e){return this.#e("setUserId",e)}setApplicationVersion(e){return this.#e("setApplicationVersion",e)}setErrorHandler(e){return this.#e("setErrorHandler",e)}finished(e){return this.#e("finished",e)}addRelease(e,t){return this.#e("addRelease",e,t)}start(e){return this.#e("start",e)}recordReplay(){return this.#e("recordReplay")}pauseReplay(){return this.#e("pauseReplay")}addToTrace(e){return this.#e("addToTrace",e)}setCurrentRouteName(e){return this.#e("setCurrentRouteName",e)}interaction(){return this.#e("interaction")}}var r=i(3325),n=i(234);const o=Object.values(r.D);function a(e){const t={};return o.forEach((r=>{t[r]=function(e,t){return!1!==(0,n.Mt)(t,"".concat(e,".enabled"))}(r,e)})),t}var s=i(7530);var c=i(8e3),u=i(5938),d=i(3960),l=i(385);class f extends u.W{constructor(e,t,r){let i=!(arguments.length>3&&void 0!==arguments[3])||arguments[3];super(e,t,r),this.auto=i,this.abortHandler=void 0,this.featAggregate=void 0,this.onAggregateImported=void 0,!1===(0,n.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"".concat(this.featureName,".autoStart"))&&(this.auto=!1),this.auto&&(0,c.R)(e,r)}importAggregator(){let t=arguments.length>0&&void 0!==arguments[0]?arguments[0]:{};if(this.featAggregate)return;if(!this.auto)return void this.ee.on("".concat(this.featureName,"-opt-in"),(()=>{(0,c.R)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),this.auto=!0,this.importAggregator()}));const r=l.il&&!0===(0,n.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"privacy.cookies_enabled");let o;this.onAggregateImported=new Promise((e=>{o=e}));const a=async()=>{let n;try{if(r){const{setupAgentSession:e}=await i.e(75).then(i.bind(i,957));n=e(this.agentIdentifier)}}catch(t){(0,e.Z)("A problem occurred when starting up session manager. This page will not start or extend any session.",t)}try{if(!this.shouldImportAgg(this.featureName,n))return(0,c.L)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName),void o(!1);const{lazyFeatureLoader:e}=await i.e(75).then(i.bind(i,8582)),{Aggregate:r}=await e(this.featureName,"aggregate");this.featAggregate=new r(this.agentIdentifier,this.aggregator,t),o(!0)}catch(t){(0,e.Z)("Downloading and initializing ".concat(this.featureName," failed..."),t),this.abortHandler?.(),(0,c.L)(this.agentIdentifier,this.featureName,!0),o(!1)}};l.il?(0,d.b2)((()=>a()),!0):a()}shouldImportAgg(e,t){return e!==r.D.sessionReplay||!!n.Yu.MO&&(!1!==(0,n.Mt)(this.agentIdentifier,"session_trace.enabled")&&(!!t?.isNew||!!t?.state.sessionReplayMode))}}var g=i(7633);class p extends f{static featureName=g.t;constructor(e,t){let r=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,g.t,r),this.importAggregator()}}var h=i(1117),v=i(1284);class m extends h.w{constructor(e){super(e),this.aggregatedData={}}store(e,t,r,n,i){var o=this.getBucket(e,t,r,i);return o.metrics=function(e,t){t||(t={count:0});return t.count+=1,(0,v.D)(e,(function(e,r){t[e]=b(r,t[e])})),t}(n,o.metrics),o}merge(e,t,r,n,i){var o=this.getBucket(e,t,n,i);if(o.metrics){var a=o.metrics;a.count+=r.count,(0,v.D)(r,(function(e,t){if("count"!==e){var n=a[e],i=r[e];i&&!i.c?a[e]=b(i.t,n):a[e]=function(e,t){if(!t)return e;t.c||(t=y(t.t));return t.min=Math.min(e.min,t.min),t.max=Math.max(e.max,t.max),t.t+=e.t,t.sos+=e.sos,t.c+=e.c,t}(i,a[e])}}))}else o.metrics=r}storeMetric(e,t,r,n){var i=this.getBucket(e,t,r);return i.stats=b(n,i.stats),i}getBucket(e,t,r,n){this.aggregatedData[e]||(this.aggregatedData[e]={});var i=this.aggregatedData[e][t];return i||(i=this.aggregatedData[e][t]={params:r||{}},n&&(i.custom=n)),i}get(e,t){return t?this.aggregatedData[e]&&this.aggregatedData[e][t]:this.aggregatedData[e]}take(e){for(var t={},r="",n=!1,i=0;i<e.length;i++)t[r=e[i]]=A(this.aggregatedData[r]),t[r].length&&(n=!0),delete this.aggregatedData[r];return n?t:null}}function b(e,t){return null==e?function(e){e?e.c++:e={c:1};return e}(t):t?(t.c||(t=y(t.t)),t.c+=1,t.t+=e,t.sos+=e*e,e>t.max&&(t.max=e),e<t.min&&(t.min=e),t):{t:e}}function y(e){return{t:e,min:e,max:e,sos:e*e,c:1}}function A(e){return"object"!=typeof e?[]:(0,v.D)(e,w)}function w(e,t){return t}var _=i(8632),x=i(4402),E=i(4351);var D=i(5546),k=i(7956),j=i(3239),S=i(7894),R=i(9251);class T extends f{static featureName=R.t;constructor(e,t){let r=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,R.t,r),l.il&&((0,k.N)((()=>(0,D.p)("docHidden",[(0,S.z)()],void 0,R.t,this.ee)),!0),(0,j.bP)("pagehide",(()=>(0,D.p)("winPagehide",[(0,S.z)()],void 0,R.t,this.ee))),this.importAggregator())}}var I=i(3081);class P extends f{static featureName=I.t9;constructor(e,t){let r=!(arguments.length>2&&void 0!==arguments[2])||arguments[2];super(e,t,I.t9,r),this.importAggregator()}}new class extends t{constructor(t){let r=arguments.length>1&&void 0!==arguments[1]?arguments[1]:(0,x.ky)(16);super(),l._A?(this.agentIdentifier=r,this.sharedAggregator=new m({agentIdentifier:this.agentIdentifier}),this.features={},(0,_.h5)(r,this),this.desiredFeatures=new Set(t.features||[]),this.desiredFeatures.add(p),(0,s.j)(this,t,t.loaderType||"agent"),this.run()):(0,e.Z)("Failed to initial the agent. Could not determine the runtime environment.")}get config(){return{info:(0,n.C5)(this.agentIdentifier),init:(0,n.P_)(this.agentIdentifier),loader_config:(0,n.DL)(this.agentIdentifier),runtime:(0,n.OP)(this.agentIdentifier)}}run(){try{const t=a(this.agentIdentifier),n=[...this.desiredFeatures];n.sort(((e,t)=>r.p[e.featureName]-r.p[t.featureName])),n.forEach((n=>{if(t[n.featureName]||n.featureName===r.D.pageViewEvent){const i=function(e){switch(e){case r.D.ajax:return[r.D.jserrors];case r.D.sessionTrace:return[r.D.ajax,r.D.pageViewEvent];case r.D.sessionReplay:return[r.D.sessionTrace];case r.D.pageViewTiming:return[r.D.pageViewEvent];default:return[]}}(n.featureName);i.every((e=>t[e]))||(0,e.Z)("".concat(n.featureName," is enabled but one or more dependent features has been disabled (").concat((0,E.P)(i),"). This may cause unintended consequences or missing data...")),this.features[n.featureName]=new n(this.agentIdentifier,this.sharedAggregator)}}))}catch(t){(0,e.Z)("Failed to initialize all enabled instrument classes (agent aborted) -",t);for(const e in this.features)this.features[e].abortHandler?.();const r=(0,_.fP)();return delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.api,delete r.initializedAgents[this.agentIdentifier]?.features,delete this.sharedAggregator,r.ee?.abort(),delete r.ee?.get(this.agentIdentifier),!1}}}({features:[p,T,P],loaderType:"lite"})})()})();</script> <noscript><style>form.antibot * :not(.antibot-message) { display: none !important; }</style> </noscript><script async src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933js_/https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-HEQ0YF2VYL"></script> <script>window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments)};gtag("js", new Date());gtag("set", "developer_id.dMDhkMT", true);gtag('set', {'cookie_flags': 'SameSite=None;Secure', 'cookie_domain': 'www.nist.gov'});gtag("config", "G-HEQ0YF2VYL", {"groups":"default","page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_location","link_attribution":true,"allow_ad_personalization_signals":false});gtag("config", "UA-33523145-1", {"groups":"default","anonymize_ip":true,"page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_path","link_attribution":true,"allow_ad_personalization_signals":false,"custom_map":{"dimension2":"node_title","dimension3":"node_id","dimension7":"content_type"}});gtag("config", "G-CSLL4ZEK4L", {"groups":"default","page_placeholder":"PLACEHOLDER_page_location","link_attribution":true,"allow_ad_personalization_signals":false});gtag("event", "custom", {"node_title":"News","node_id":"1564231","content_type":"Landing page"});</script> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news"/> <link rel="shortlink" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/node/1564231"/> <meta name="citation_title" content="News | NIST"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="NIST"/> <meta property="og:type" content="Article"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news"/> <meta property="og:title" content="News"/> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2019-05-09T10:22-04:00"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2024-02-20T21:01-05:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.title" content="News"/> <meta name="dcterms.date" content="2019-05-09T10:22-04:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.type" content="text"/> <meta name="dcterms.format" content="text/html"/> <meta name="dcterms.identifier" content="https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news"/> <meta name="dcterms.source" content="NIST"/> <meta name="dcterms.created" content="2019-05-09T10:22-04:00"/> <meta name="dcterms.modified" content="2024-02-20T21:01-05:00"/> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary_large_image"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content=""/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="NIST"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="News"/> <meta name="google-site-verification" content="QMu0ODkER3rN5hLcMLqNVf7e3bkjYsNLTuhqfH48jCA"/> <meta name="Generator" content="Drupal 10 (https://www.drupal.org)"/> <meta name="MobileOptimized" content="width"/> <meta name="HandheldFriendly" content="true"/> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0"/> <meta name="nist_search_modified" class="elastic" content="2024-02-20T21:01:00-05:00"/> <script type="application/ld+json">{ "@context": "https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://schema.org", "@graph": [ { "@type": "Article", "headline": "News | NIST", "datePublished": "2019-05-09T10:22-04:00", "dateModified": "2024-02-20T21:01-05:00" } ] }</script> <meta name="nist_search_bundle" class="elastic" content="landing"/> <link rel="icon" href="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/themes/custom/nist_www/favicon.ico" type="image/vnd.microsoft.icon"/> <title>News | NIST</title> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20240226171933cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_XVyb5bsQaTPHwIpnOJuB-cwGQLo4lhY5iTkMpNbV2R8.css?delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=nist_www&amp;include=eJx1UItuwyAM_CEafxIy4CVeDY4wbZZ9_cijalRpErLuztb5TMB49037myG8sf82F_5pcdTiRtVRyGNBWRtHg0_BFbbmv7hrSZciism32m24jDDi0TZuxHmu-iT4FLYIu9YmytQ3qwSsPmuCxIahGwuXu7PVGuWe0Gifh1E0oFzx7bSCiTBRfVG_LMt1-sK3Efpp2wJI9TGjDCd1T6bFYK9DD_MQ6lIi9ZQDpX4xSQLB3_W23ezipEblZXKwU-z5AxxwiHbJlDlW3b7iD8BzorM"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20240226171933cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_6prwlieMvitJqVLptJ59w_NxX2prM0abXhYVoH12prk.css?delta=1&amp;language=en&amp;theme=nist_www&amp;include=eJx1UItuwyAM_CEafxIy4CVeDY4wbZZ9_cijalRpErLuztb5TMB49037myG8sf82F_5pcdTiRtVRyGNBWRtHg0_BFbbmv7hrSZciism32m24jDDi0TZuxHmu-iT4FLYIu9YmytQ3qwSsPmuCxIahGwuXu7PVGuWe0Gifh1E0oFzx7bSCiTBRfVG_LMt1-sK3Efpp2wJI9TGjDCd1T6bFYK9DD_MQ6lIi9ZQDpX4xSQLB3_W23ezipEblZXKwU-z5AxxwiHbJlDlW3b7iD8BzorM"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="print" href="/web/20240226171933cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_6MuKXqcH69mMwmOSjiD2G_c6UXIqUTZ1TRnur95k7Qk.css?delta=2&amp;language=en&amp;theme=nist_www&amp;include=eJx1UItuwyAM_CEafxIy4CVeDY4wbZZ9_cijalRpErLuztb5TMB49037myG8sf82F_5pcdTiRtVRyGNBWRtHg0_BFbbmv7hrSZciism32m24jDDi0TZuxHmu-iT4FLYIu9YmytQ3qwSsPmuCxIahGwuXu7PVGuWe0Gifh1E0oFzx7bSCiTBRfVG_LMt1-sK3Efpp2wJI9TGjDCd1T6bFYK9DD_MQ6lIi9ZQDpX4xSQLB3_W23ezipEblZXKwU-z5AxxwiHbJlDlW3b7iD8BzorM"/> <link rel="stylesheet" media="all" href="/web/20240226171933cs_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/css/css_Vlb5tKBrTnXBpCoEIEyOWSUGgmDWOgkDFIgemxZcHGg.css?delta=3&amp;language=en&amp;theme=nist_www&amp;include=eJx1UItuwyAM_CEafxIy4CVeDY4wbZZ9_cijalRpErLuztb5TMB49037myG8sf82F_5pcdTiRtVRyGNBWRtHg0_BFbbmv7hrSZciism32m24jDDi0TZuxHmu-iT4FLYIu9YmytQ3qwSsPmuCxIahGwuXu7PVGuWe0Gifh1E0oFzx7bSCiTBRfVG_LMt1-sK3Efpp2wJI9TGjDCd1T6bFYK9DD_MQ6lIi9ZQDpX4xSQLB3_W23ezipEblZXKwU-z5AxxwiHbJlDlW3b7iD8BzorM"/> <script src="/web/20240226171933js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_3ssAdmvsW-btol8ydZT2eloQN8l11yuGacOobfI1-_0.js?scope=header&amp;delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=nist_www&amp;include=eJx1UItuwyAM_CEafxIy4CVeDY4wbZZ9_cijalRpErLuztb5TMB49037myG8sf82F_5pcdTiRtVRyGNBWRtHg0_BFbbmv7hrSZciism32m24jDDi0TZuxHmu-iT4FLYIu9YmytQ3qwSsPmuCxIahGwuXu7PVGuWe0Gifh1E0oFzx7bSCiTBRfVG_LMt1-sK3Efpp2wJI9TGjDCd1T6bFYK9DD_MQ6lIi9ZQDpX4xSQLB3_W23ezipEblZXKwU-z5AxxwiHbJlDlW3b7iD8BzorM"></script> </head> <body class="node-1564231"> <a href="#main-content" class="visually-hidden focusable" data-elastic-exclude> Skip to main content </a> <div class="dialog-off-canvas-main-canvas" data-off-canvas-main-canvas> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <section data-elastic-exclude class="usa-banner" aria-label="Official government website"> <div class="usa-accordion"> <header class="usa-banner__header"> <div class="usa-banner__inner"> <div class="grid-col-auto"> <img class="usa-banner__header-flag" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/us_flag_small.png" alt="U.S. flag"> </div> <div class="grid-col-fill tablet:grid-col-auto"> <p class="usa-banner__header-text">An official website of the United States government</p> <p class="usa-banner__header-action" aria-hidden="true">Here’s how you know</p> </div> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-banner__button" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="gov-banner-default"> <span class="usa-banner__button-text">Here’s how you know</span> </button> </div> </header> <div class="usa-banner__content usa-accordion__content" id="gov-banner-default"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-lg"> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-dot-gov.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Official websites use .gov</strong> <br/> A <strong>.gov</strong> website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. </p> </div> </div> <div class="usa-banner__guidance tablet:grid-col-6"> <img class="usa-banner__icon usa-media-block__img" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/icon-https.svg" role="img" alt="" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="usa-media-block__body"> <p> <strong>Secure .gov websites use HTTPS</strong> <br/> A <strong>lock</strong> ( <span class="icon-lock"> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="52" height="64" viewbox="0 0 52 64" class="usa-banner__lock-image" role="img" aria-labelledby="banner-lock-title banner-lock-description" focusable="false"> <title id="banner-lock-title">Lock</title> <desc id="banner-lock-description">A locked padlock</desc><path fill="#000000" fill-rule="evenodd" d="M26 0c10.493 0 19 8.507 19 19v9h3a4 4 0 0 1 4 4v28a4 4 0 0 1-4 4H4a4 4 0 0 1-4-4V32a4 4 0 0 1 4-4h3v-9C7 8.507 15.507 0 26 0zm0 8c-5.979 0-10.843 4.77-10.996 10.712L15 19v9h22v-9c0-6.075-4.925-11-11-11z"/></svg> </span> ) or <strong>https://</strong> means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </section> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> <div data-elastic-exclude> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <div class="nist-print-header" style="display:none;"> <p class="nist-print-header__url">https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news</p> <img class="nist-print-header__logo" width="289" height="38" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/nist_logo_sidestack.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology"/> </div> <div class="usa-overlay"></div> <header class="usa-header nist-header--www nist-header--minimal" role="banner"> <div class="usa-navbar"> <div class="usa-logo flex-fill"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" aria-label="Home"> <img src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/logo.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology" width="300px" height="80px"/> </a> </div> <div class="usa-header__right grid-row flex-auto"> <div class="grid-col-fill nist-header__search-group"> <form class="usa-search usa-search--small" accept-charset="UTF-8" action="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/search" id="search_form" method="get"> <div role="search"> <label class="usa-sr-only" for="search-form">Search NIST</label> <input class="usa-input" id="search-form" type="search" name="s" placeholder="Search NIST" required="" maxlength="128"> <button class="usa-button" type="submit"><img src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/usa-icons-bg/search--white.svg" class="usa-search__submit-icon" alt="Search"></button> </div> </form> </div> <div class="grid-col-auto padding-left-1"> <button class="usa-menu-btn">Menu</button> </div> </div> </div> <nav aria-label="Primary navigation" class="usa-nav"> <div class="usa-nav__inner"> <button class="usa-nav__close">Close</button> <ul class="usa-nav__primary usa-accordion"> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-1"><span>Topics</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-1" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/topics" class="usa-nav__link">All Topics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/advanced-communications" class="usa-nav__link">Advanced communications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/artificial-intelligence" class="usa-nav__link">Artificial intelligence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/bioscience" class="usa-nav__link">Bioscience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/buildings-construction" class="usa-nav__link">Buildings and construction</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/chemistry" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/climate" class="usa-nav__link">Climate</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/cybersecurity" class="usa-nav__link">Cybersecurity</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/electronics" class="usa-nav__link">Electronics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/energy" class="usa-nav__link">Energy</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/environment" class="usa-nav__link">Environment</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/fire" class="usa-nav__link">Fire</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/forensic-science" class="usa-nav__link">Forensic science</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/health" class="usa-nav__link">Health</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/information-technology" class="usa-nav__link">Information technology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/infrastructure" class="usa-nav__link">Infrastructure</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/manufacturing" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/materials" class="usa-nav__link">Materials</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/mathematics-statistics" class="usa-nav__link">Mathematics and statistics</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/metrology" class="usa-nav__link">Metrology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/nanotechnology" class="usa-nav__link">Nanotechnology</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/neutron-research" class="usa-nav__link">Neutron research</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/performance-excellence" class="usa-nav__link">Performance excellence</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/physics" class="usa-nav__link">Physics</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/public-safety" class="usa-nav__link">Public safety</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/resilience" class="usa-nav__link">Resilience</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/standards" class="usa-nav__link">Standards</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/transportation" class="usa-nav__link">Transportation</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <a class="usa-nav__link" href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/publications">Publications</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-3"><span>Labs &amp; Major Programs</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-3" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratories</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/ctl" class="usa-nav__link">Communications Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/el" class="usa-nav__link">Engineering Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/itl" class="usa-nav__link">Information Technology Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/mml" class="usa-nav__link">Material Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/pml" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Measurement Laboratory</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/user-facilities" class="usa-nav__link">User Facilities</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/ncnr" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Center for Neutron Research</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/cnst" class="usa-nav__link">CNST NanoFab</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/labs-major-programs/research-test-beds" class="usa-nav__link">Research Test Beds</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/projects-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Research Projects</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/laboratories/tools-instruments" class="usa-nav__link">Tools &amp; Instruments</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/major-programs" class="usa-nav__link">Major Programs</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/baldrige" class="usa-nav__link">Baldrige Performance Excellence Program</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/chips" class="usa-nav__link">CHIPS for America Initiative</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/mep" class="usa-nav__link">Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/oam" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Advanced Manufacturing</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/spo" class="usa-nav__link">Special Programs Office</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">Technology Partnerships Office</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-4"><span>Services &amp; Resources</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-4" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/standards-and-measurements" class="usa-nav__link">Standards and Measurements</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/calibrations" class="usa-nav__link">Calibration Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/nvlap" class="usa-nav__link">Laboratory Accreditation (NVLAP)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/nist-quality-system" class="usa-nav__link">Quality System</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/srm" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Materials (SRMs)</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/standardsgov" class="usa-nav__link">Standards.gov</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/pml/time-and-frequency-division/time-services" class="usa-nav__link">Time Services</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/pml/owm" class="usa-nav__link">Office of Weights and Measures</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/services-resources/software" class="usa-nav__link">Software</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/data" class="usa-nav__link">Data</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/" class="usa-nav__link">Chemistry WebBook</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://nvd.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">National Vulnerability Database</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/pml/productsservices/physical-reference-data" class="usa-nav__link">Physical Reference Data</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/srd" class="usa-nav__link">Standard Reference Data (SRD)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/shop" class="usa-nav__link">Storefront</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/tpo" class="usa-nav__link">License &amp; Patents</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://csrc.nist.gov/" class="usa-nav__link">Computer Security Resource Center (CSRC)</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/nist-research-library" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Research Library</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link usa-current" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-5"><span>News &amp; Events</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-5" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news" class="usa-nav__link usa-current">News</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/events" class="usa-nav__link">Events</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs" class="usa-nav__link">Blogs</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories" class="usa-nav__link">Feature Stories</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/awards" class="usa-nav__link">Awards</a> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/video-gallery" class="usa-nav__link">Video Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery" class="usa-nav__link">Image Gallery</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/pao/media-contacts" class="usa-nav__link">Media Contacts</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> <li class="usa-nav__primary-item"> <button class="usa-accordion__button usa-nav__link" aria-expanded="false" aria-controls="primary_menu-6"><span>About NIST</span></button> <div id="primary_menu-6" class="usa-nav__submenu usa-megamenu"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist" class="usa-nav__link">About Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us" class="usa-nav__link">Contact Us</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/visit" class="usa-nav__link">Visit</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/careers" class="usa-nav__link">Careers</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/director/nist-organization-structure" class="usa-nav__link">Our Organization</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/director" class="usa-nav__link">Office of the Director</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/director/nist-organization-structure/budget-planning" class="usa-nav__link">Budget &amp; Planning</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul></div><div class="column-break tablet:grid-col-fill"><ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/work-nist" class="usa-nav__link">Work with NIST</a> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/history" class="usa-nav__link">History</a> <ul class="usa-nav__submenu-list"> <li> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/http://nistdigitalarchives.contentdm.oclc.org/" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Digital Archives</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/nist-museum" class="usa-nav__link">NIST Museum</a> </li> <li> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/nist-and-nobel" class="usa-nav__link">NIST and the Nobel</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="usa-nav__submenu-item"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/education" class="usa-nav__link">Educational Resources</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div data-drupal-messages-fallback class="hidden"></div> </div> <div id="block-nist-www-content" class="nist-block"> <section class="nist-page__content usa-section clearfix"> <a id="main-content" tabindex="-1"></a> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="grid-row padding-top-4"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--content-top tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-block"> <h1 class="nist-page__title">News</h1> </div> </div> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--social-links tablet:grid-col-6 display-flex flex-align-center tablet:flex-justify-end"> <div class="nist-block"> <div class="display-flex flex-wrap flex-align-end"> <a class="nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--contacts-blue link-list text-no-underline padding-right-2" href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/pao/media-contacts">Media Contacts</a> <a class="nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--mail-blue link-list text-no-underline padding-right-2" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscriber/new?topic_id=USNIST_1" target="_blank">Email Sign-Up</a> <a class="nist-icon nist-icon--before nist-icon--bullhorn2-blue link-list text-no-underline" href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/social-media">Follow Us</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bg-base-lightest padding-y-4"> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-6"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--featured_news tablet:grid-col-7"> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-487c0cedd54cfe3eba2646cdc08f35c6e04a7b3d98d96ccf71ed64c03fd25897"> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-engineer-glenn-bell-elected-national-academy-engineering" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-engineer-glenn-bell-elected-national-academy-engineering" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/600_x_300_limit/public/images/2022/06/07/Glenn%20Bell%20headshot2.jpg?itok=P0flIfOx" width="600" height="300" alt="Glenn Bell" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-engineer-glenn-bell-elected-national-academy-engineering"><span property="schema:name">NIST Engineer Glenn Bell Elected to the National Academy of Engineering</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-26T12:00:00Z">February 26, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div property="schema:text" class="text-with-summary"> Bell specializes in forensic engineering, or the study of structural failures. </div> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--latest_news tablet:grid-col-5"> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-0c6632413a6cb0544530fcf32f8444d85c7820d5a321e5ba37987d292f09d835"> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/new-nist-database-forever-chemicals-will-help-scientists-monitor" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/new-nist-database-forever-chemicals-will-help-scientists-monitor" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/02/14/shutterstock_2228732889.jpg?itok=pjGKBqX5" width="100" height="67" alt="A researcher wearing a mask and gloves points at a computer screen showing graphs labeled &quot;Mass Spectrometry Analysis Report.&quot;" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/new-nist-database-forever-chemicals-will-help-scientists-monitor"><span property="schema:name">New NIST Database of ‘Forever Chemicals’ Will Help Scientists Monitor Environmental Pollution</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-15T12:00:00Z">February 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-researchers-suggest-historical-precedent-ethical-ai-research" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-researchers-suggest-historical-precedent-ethical-ai-research" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/02/14/shutterstock_2238570413.jpg?itok=zM0GK5ly" width="100" height="50" alt="A person reaches out to a transparent screen with a circle of icons around the words &quot;AI ETHICS.&quot;" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-researchers-suggest-historical-precedent-ethical-ai-research"><span property="schema:name">NIST Researchers Suggest Historical Precedent for Ethical AI Research</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-15T12:00:00Z">February 15, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-launches-renewed-baldrige-award-program-focus-resilience-and-long-term" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-launches-renewed-baldrige-award-program-focus-resilience-and-long-term" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2017/11/06/baldrige_medallion.jpg?itok=d4ZxZzI6" width="100" height="99" alt="Baldrige Award medallion" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-launches-renewed-baldrige-award-program-focus-resilience-and-long-term"><span property="schema:name">NIST Launches Renewed Baldrige Award Program to Focus on Resilience and Long-Term Success</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-14T12:00:00Z">February 14, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/scientists-observe-long-predicted-superconductor-property-using-quantum" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/scientists-observe-long-predicted-superconductor-property-using-quantum" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/thumbnail/public/images/2024/02/13/Rey-Thompson_Dynamical-Phases-BCS_web.jpg?itok=I6KAluQK" width="100" height="59" alt="Illustration shows pairs of strontium atoms with arrows indicating their alignment inside a QED cavity, with a levitating magnet beside it." typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/scientists-observe-long-predicted-superconductor-property-using-quantum"><span property="schema:name">Scientists Observe Long-Predicted Superconductor Property Using a Quantum Simulator</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-14T12:00:00Z">February 14, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--article_search padding-y-4"> <div class="grid-container"> <h2 class="text-center padding-y-4">More News</h2> <div class="views-exposed-form usa-form filters nist-block" novalidate="novalidate" data-drupal-selector="views-exposed-form-search-news-search-news-page"> <form action="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/search" method="get" id="views-exposed-form-search-news-search-news-page" accept-charset="UTF-8" class="nist-news-landing-search"> <div class="nist-news-filter"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-textfield js-form-type-textfield form-item-key js-form-item-key"> <label for="edit-key" class="usa-label"> Keyword </label> <input data-drupal-selector="edit-key" type="text" id="edit-key" name="key" value="" size="30" maxlength="128" class="form-text usa-input"/> </div> </div> <div class="nist-news-filter"> <fieldset data-drupal-selector="edit-topic-area-fieldset-wrapper" id="edit-topic-area-fieldset-wrapper" class="js-form-item form-item js-form-wrapper form-wrapper usa-fieldset"> <legend class="usa-label"> <span class="fieldset-legend">Topic Area</span> </legend> <div class="usa-fieldset__wrapper"> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-select js-form-type-select form-item-topic-op js-form-item-topic-op form-no-label"> <label for="edit-topic-op" class="usa-label usa-sr-only"> <span class="usa-sr-only">Operator</span> </label> <div class="select-wrapper"><select data-drupal-selector="edit-topic-op" id="edit-topic-op" name="topic-op" class="form-select usa-select"><option value="or" selected="selected">OR</option><option value="and">AND</option></select></div> </div> <div class="form-item js-form-item form-type-select js-form-type-select form-item-topic-area-fieldset js-form-item-topic-area-fieldset form-no-label"> <select data-drupal-selector="edit-topic-area-fieldset" multiple="multiple" name="topic-area-fieldset[]" id="edit-topic-area-fieldset" size="9" class="form-select usa-select"><option value="249466">Advanced communications</option><option value="2806886">-Open Radio Access Network (Open-RAN)</option><option value="248311">-Quantum communications</option><option value="2806891">-Spectrum sharing</option><option value="248316">-Wireless (RF)</option><option value="248321">Bioscience</option><option value="2806896">-Bioinformatics</option><option value="248876">-Biomanufacturing</option><option value="248326">-Biomaterials</option><option value="248336">-Cell biology</option><option value="248341">-Engineering / synthetic biology</option><option value="248346">-Genomics</option><option value="248351">-Glycomics</option><option value="2784896">-Metabolomics</option><option value="248361">-Microbial measurements</option><option value="248366">-Proteomics</option><option value="248371">Buildings and Construction</option><option value="248376">-Building codes and standards</option><option value="248381">-Building control systems</option><option value="248386">-Building damage and repair</option><option value="248391">-Building economics</option><option value="248396">-Building materials</option><option value="248551">-Energy efficiency</option><option value="248401">-Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment</option><option value="248406">-Indoor air quality</option><option value="248411">-Structural engineering</option><option value="2788796">-Thermal comfort</option><option value="248416">Chemistry</option><option value="248421">-Analytical chemistry</option><option value="248426">-Chemical engineering and processing</option><option value="248431">-Chemical thermodynamics and chemical properties</option><option value="248436">-Molecular characterization</option><option value="248441">-Theoretical chemistry and modeling</option><option value="248446">-Thermochemical properties</option><option value="248486">Electronics</option><option value="248491">-Electromagnetics</option><option value="248526">-Flexible electronics</option><option value="248496">-Magnetoelectronics</option><option value="248501">-Optoelectronics</option><option value="249491">-Organic electronics</option><option value="248511">-Semiconductors</option><option value="248516">-Sensors</option><option value="248521">-Superconducting electronics</option><option value="248531">Energy</option><option value="248536">-Alternative energy</option><option value="248541">-Conventional energy</option><option value="248546">-Electric power / smart grid</option><option value="248556">-Fuels</option><option value="248561">Environment</option><option value="248566">-Air / water / soil quality</option><option value="2788551">-Climate</option><option value="248571">-Environmental health</option><option value="248576">-Greenhouse gas measurements</option><option value="248581">-Marine science</option><option value="2746596">-Sustainability</option><option value="248586">Fire</option><option value="2746896">-Emergency building evacuation</option><option value="248591">-Fire detection</option><option value="2746901">-Fire dynamics and science</option><option value="248596">-Fire fighting</option><option value="248601">-Fire modeling</option><option value="248606">-Fire risk reduction</option><option value="248611">-Materials flammability</option><option value="2746906">-Structural fire resistance</option><option value="2746911">-Wildland urban interface fire</option><option value="248616">Forensic Science</option><option value="248626">-Digital evidence</option><option value="248636">-Drugs and toxicology</option><option value="248621">-Firearms and toolmarks</option><option value="248641">-Forensic biometrics</option><option value="248631">-Forensic genetics</option><option value="248646">-Trace evidence</option><option value="248651">Health</option><option value="248681">-Biopharmaceuticals</option><option value="248661">-Clinical diagnostics</option><option value="248666">-Dentistry</option><option value="248671">-Food and nutrition</option><option value="248676">-Medical imaging</option><option value="248686">-Precision medicine</option><option value="248656">-Regenerative medicine and advanced therapy</option><option value="249421">Information technology</option><option value="2753736">-Artificial intelligence</option><option value="2800826">--AI measurement and evaluation</option><option value="2788806">--Applied AI</option><option value="2788801">--Fundamental AI</option><option value="2800831">--Hardware for AI</option><option value="2800991">--Machine learning</option><option value="2800836">--Trustworthy and responsible AI</option><option value="248701">-Biometrics</option><option value="248706">-Cloud computing and virtualization</option><option value="248711">-Complex systems</option><option value="248716">-Computational science</option><option value="248721">-Conformance testing</option><option value="248726">-Cyber-physical systems</option><option value="2746861">--Smart cities</option><option value="248731">-Cybersecurity</option><option value="248746">--Cryptography</option><option value="2753741">--Cybersecurity education and workforce development</option><option value="2788811">--Cybersecurity measurement</option><option value="248736">--Identity and access management</option><option value="2788816">--Privacy engineering</option><option value="248751">--Risk management</option><option value="2788821">--Securing emerging technologies</option><option value="2788826">--Trustworthy networks</option><option value="2788831">--Trustworthy platforms</option><option value="248756">-Data and informatics</option><option value="248761">--Human language technology</option><option value="248766">--Information retrieval</option><option value="248771">--Natural language processing</option><option value="248781">-Federal information processing standards (FIPS)</option><option value="248786">-Health IT</option><option value="2748441">-Internet of Things (IoT)</option><option value="248796">-Interoperability testing</option><option value="2806901">-Location based services</option><option value="248801">-Mobile</option><option value="248806">-Networking</option><option value="2753766">--Mobile and wireless networking</option><option value="2753756">--Network management and monitoring</option><option value="248811">--Network modeling and analysis</option><option value="2753746">--Network security and robustness</option><option value="2753751">--Network test and measurement</option><option value="248816">--Next generation networks</option><option value="2753761">--Protocol design and standardization</option><option value="2753771">--Software defined and virtual networks</option><option value="248821">-Privacy</option><option value="248826">-Software research</option><option value="248841">--Software testing</option><option value="248846">-Usability and human factors</option><option value="248851">--Accessibility</option><option value="248776">-Video analytics</option><option value="2788836">-Virtual / augmented reality</option><option value="248856">-Visualization research</option><option value="248861">-Voting systems</option><option value="2748236">Infrastructure</option><option value="248866">Manufacturing</option><option value="248871">-Additive manufacturing</option><option value="2746601">-Factory communications</option><option value="248886">-Factory operations planning and control</option><option value="248891">-Interoperability in manufacturing</option><option value="248901">-Machining</option><option value="2788841">-Manufacturing economics</option><option value="248906">-Manufacturing systems design and analysis</option><option value="2784921">-Monitoring, diagnostics and prognostics</option><option value="2748446">-Process improvement</option><option value="248911">-Process measurement and control</option><option value="2748451">-Product data</option><option value="248916">-Quality assurance</option><option value="248921">-Robotics in manufacturing</option><option value="2748476">--Agility and adaptability</option><option value="2748456">--Collaborative robots</option><option value="2748461">--Dexterous grasping</option><option value="2748471">--Manipulation</option><option value="2748466">--Mobility and industrial autonomous vehicles</option><option value="2748486">--Navigation / actuation / control</option><option value="2748481">--Sensing and perception</option><option value="248926">-Supply chain</option><option value="248931">-Sustainable manufacturing</option><option value="2748491">-Systems engineering</option><option value="2748496">-Systems integration</option><option value="248936">-Technology commercialization</option><option value="248946">Materials</option><option value="248951">-Ceramics</option><option value="248956">-Composites</option><option value="248961">-Concrete / cement</option><option value="248966">-Materials characterization</option><option value="248971">--Composition and structure</option><option value="248981">--Mechanical properties</option><option value="248986">--Thermal properties</option><option value="248991">-Metals</option><option value="248996">-Modeling and computational material science</option><option value="249001">-Polymers</option><option value="249006">-Superconductors</option><option value="249011">Mathematics and statistics</option><option value="249016">-Experiment design</option><option value="249021">-Image and signal processing</option><option value="249031">-Modeling and simulation research</option><option value="249036">-Numerical methods and software</option><option value="249041">-Statistical analysis</option><option value="249046">-Uncertainty quantification</option><option value="249051">Metrology</option><option value="249061">-Amount of substance</option><option value="249066">-Dimensional metrology</option><option value="249071">-Electrical / electromagnetic metrology</option><option value="249081">-Flow metrology and rheology</option><option value="249086">-Force metrology</option><option value="249091">-Humidity metrology</option><option value="249096">-Ionizing radiation metrology</option><option value="249101">-Mass metrology</option><option value="2746606">-Metric</option><option value="249106">-Optical / photometry / laser metrology</option><option value="249111">-Pressure and vacuum metrology</option><option value="249116">-Thermometry metrology</option><option value="249121">-Time and frequency metrology</option><option value="2746611">-Weights and measures</option><option value="249126">Nanotechnology</option><option value="249131">-Nanobiotechnology</option><option value="249136">-Nanochemistry</option><option value="249141">-Nanoelectronics</option><option value="249146">-Nanofabrication / manufacturing</option><option value="249151">--Lithography</option><option value="249156">--Self-assembly</option><option value="249161">-Nanofluidics</option><option value="249166">-Nanomagnetics</option><option value="249171">-Nanomaterials</option><option value="249176">-Nanomechanics</option><option value="249181">-Nanometrology</option><option value="249186">-Nanophotonics</option><option value="249191">-Nanophysics</option><option value="249196">-Nanoplasmonics</option><option value="249451">Neutron research</option><option value="249426">Performance excellence</option><option value="249211">-Assessment tools and services</option><option value="249431">-Baldrige award</option><option value="249436">-Baldrige examiners</option><option value="249226">-Baldrige Framework and Criteria</option><option value="249231">-Best practices</option><option value="249236">-Leadership development</option><option value="249241">Physics</option><option value="249246">-Atomic / molecular / quantum</option><option value="249251">-Biological physics</option><option value="249256">-Condensed matter</option><option value="249261">-Electron physics</option><option value="249266">-Magnetics</option><option value="249271">-Nuclear physics</option><option value="249276">-Optical physics and communications</option><option value="249281">-Quantum information science</option><option value="249286">-Radiation</option><option value="249291">-Spectroscopy</option><option value="249296">-Thermodynamics</option><option value="249301">-Time and frequency</option><option value="249461">Public safety</option><option value="249311">-Chemical / Biological / Radiological / Nuclear / Explosives (CBRNE)</option><option value="249316">-First responder preparedness</option><option value="249321">-Law enforcement</option><option value="249331">-Public safety communications research</option><option value="249336">-Response robots</option><option value="249456">Resilience</option><option value="2746576">-Community resilience</option><option value="248456">-Disaster and failure studies</option><option value="248466">-Earthquake risk reduction</option><option value="2788846">-Resilience economics</option><option value="2746891">-Resilient materials</option><option value="248481">-Windstorm impact reduction</option><option value="249341">Standards</option><option value="249346">-Accreditation</option><option value="249416">-Calibration services</option><option value="249366">-Conformity assessment</option><option value="249371">-Documentary standards</option><option value="2748516">-Frameworks</option><option value="249376">-Reference data</option><option value="249381">-Reference instruments</option><option value="249386">-Reference materials</option><option value="249391">-Standards education</option><option value="249396">Transportation</option><option value="249401">-Aerospace</option><option value="249406">-Automotive</option></select> </div> </div> </fieldset> </div> <div class="nist-news-filter nist-news-filter-submit"> <div class="grid-col-12 form-actions js-form-wrapper form-wrapper" data-drupal-selector="edit-actions" id="edit-actions"><input data-drupal-selector="edit-submit-search-news" type="submit" id="edit-submit-search-news" value="Search News" class="button js-form-submit form-submit usa-button"/></div> </div> </form> </div> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <div><div class="news-grid-section grid-row grid-gap-4 js-view-dom-id-4b338fa7478a31cc9cb10629d8a5eb13d275919aef6df418f308dac3a65da5f8"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-launches-renewed-baldrige-award-program-focus-resilience-and-long-term" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-launches-renewed-baldrige-award-program-focus-resilience-and-long-term" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/640w_x_320h/public/images/2017/11/06/baldrige_medallion.jpg.webp?itok=G4yWN0NE" width="640" height="320" alt="Baldrige Award medallion" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nist-launches-renewed-baldrige-award-program-focus-resilience-and-long-term"><span property="schema:name">NIST Launches Renewed Baldrige Award Program to Focus on Resilience and Long-Term Success</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-14T12:00:00Z">February 14, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/scientists-observe-long-predicted-superconductor-property-using-quantum" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/scientists-observe-long-predicted-superconductor-property-using-quantum" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/640w_x_320h/public/images/2024/02/13/Rey-Thompson_Dynamical-Phases-BCS_web.jpg.webp?itok=WxmBsScp" width="640" height="320" alt="Illustration shows pairs of strontium atoms with arrows indicating their alignment inside a QED cavity, with a levitating magnet beside it." typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/scientists-observe-long-predicted-superconductor-property-using-quantum"><span property="schema:name">Scientists Observe Long-Predicted Superconductor Property Using a Quantum Simulator</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-14T12:00:00Z">February 14, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/biden-harris-administration-launches-next-phase-over-5-billion-chips-rd" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/biden-harris-administration-launches-next-phase-over-5-billion-chips-rd" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/640w_x_320h/public/images/2023/03/01/NIST_CHIPS%20Logo_LIGHT_BKGDS_v2.png.webp?itok=Ouf5lxjc" width="640" height="320" alt="Square with rounded edges. Fill of square looks like American flag. Coming off the sides of the square are lines with unfilled circles at end. Words underneath: CHIPS for AMERICA" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/biden-harris-administration-launches-next-phase-over-5-billion-chips-rd"><span property="schema:name">Biden-Harris Administration Launches Next Phase for Over $5 Billion in CHIPS R&amp;D Investments, Including the National Semiconductor Technology Center (NSTC)</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-09T12:00:00Z">February 9, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/biden-harris-administration-announces-first-ever-consortium-dedicated-ai" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/biden-harris-administration-announces-first-ever-consortium-dedicated-ai" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/640w_x_320h/public/images/2023/11/02/shutterstock_1218220324.jpg.webp?itok=FUtPesKG" width="640" height="320" alt="Hands draw on a transparent screen with circuits making the shape of a brain and &quot;AI&quot; written in the center. " typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/biden-harris-administration-announces-first-ever-consortium-dedicated-ai"><span property="schema:name">Biden-Harris Administration Announces First-Ever Consortium Dedicated to AI Safety</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-08T12:00:00Z">February 8, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/us-commerce-secretary-gina-raimondo-announces-key-executive-leadership-us" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/us-commerce-secretary-gina-raimondo-announces-key-executive-leadership-us" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/640w_x_320h/public/images/2019/02/19/composite_square.jpg.webp?itok=5jsv4G9H" width="640" height="320" alt="square image. Robotic head with graphics around it including a heart with EKG line, a lock, robotic arm, steering wheel, windmills and others" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/us-commerce-secretary-gina-raimondo-announces-key-executive-leadership-us"><span property="schema:name">U.S. Commerce Secretary Gina Raimondo Announces Key Executive Leadership at U.S. AI Safety Institute</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-07T12:00:00Z">February 7, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-4"> <article about="/news-events/news/2024/02/nists-heart-chip-microfluidic-marvel-shaping-future-cardiovascular-research" typeof="schema:Article" class="nist-teaser nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nists-heart-chip-microfluidic-marvel-shaping-future-cardiovascular-research" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/640w_x_320h/public/images/2024/02/05/HoC-main-final.png.webp?itok=eXENGx70" width="640" height="320" alt="An illustrated anatomically correct human heart sits inside of a microchip, with its valves connecting to the microchip sensors." typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/2024/02/nists-heart-chip-microfluidic-marvel-shaping-future-cardiovascular-research"><span property="schema:name">NIST’s Heart-on-a-Chip: A Microfluidic Marvel Shaping the Future of Cardiovascular Research</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-06T12:00:00Z">February 6, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer class="grid-col-auto tablet:grid-offset-10"> <div class="link-list padding-y-3"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/news/search" class="usa-button">View All News</a></div> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="bg-base-lightest padding-y-4"> <div class="grid-container"> <h2 class="text-center padding-y-4">Multimedia</h2> <div class="grid-row grid-gap-6"> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--featured_video tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-af11a0651d4821385e1fd1a0fa50f0b15cb5ce9bda7d0a67e2914867626e3270"> <figure data-media-id="695531" class="nist-video"> <div class="video-embed-field"><div data-video-embed-field-lazy="<div class=&quot;video-embed-field-provider-youtube video-embed-field-responsive-video&quot;><iframe width=&quot;854&quot; height=&quot;480&quot; frameborder=&quot;0&quot; allowfullscreen=&quot;allowfullscreen&quot; src=&quot;https://www.youtube.com/embed/ve6b6wrGbdo?autoplay=1&amp;amp;start=0&amp;amp;rel=0&amp;amp;mute=1&quot;></iframe> </div> " class="video-embed-field-lazy"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/video_thumbnails/ve6b6wrGbdo.jpg" alt="The AD-X2 Controversy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> <button class="video-embed-field-lazy-play"></button> <div class="video-embed-field-lazy-title">The AD-X2 Controversy</div> </div> </div> <figcaption data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-video__caption"> </figcaption> </figure> <span class="nist-badge nist-badge--green">Video</span> <h3 class="nist-video__title">The AD-X2 Controversy</h3> <div> <div class="text-long"><p>In the 1940s and ’50s, amid a booming economy and rapid scientific progress, a charismatic salesman sought to make his fortune with a chemical additive, AD-X2, that he claimed would revolutionize the car battery business. When tests from a prominent scientific agency showed that the additive was worthless, its director had to battle public opinion and political pressure to defend the importance of scientific integrity. More Info: <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/ad-x2" data-entity-type="node" data-entity-uuid="f4f2e451-1ccf-4920-ae58-d41fad38d996" data-entity-substitution="canonical">www.nist.gov/ad-x2</a></p></div> </div> <div class="padding-y-4"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/video-gallery" class="usa-button">See Video Gallery</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--featured_image tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <div><div class="js-view-dom-id-676a15288de3c59e131f5c6d0f1a34562d26b1d10e21c09730126ca36356494c"> <figure class="nist-image"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/image/optical-coherence-tomography" hreflang="en"><img src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/600w_x_360h/public/images/2023/05/05/3DP_4976_2.png.webp?itok=rGjlFNof" width="600" height="360" alt="A hand in a purple glove turns a metal dial on a plate holding tiny vials of purple liquid. " loading="lazy" typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> <figcaption class="nist-image__caption"> <div data-caption-editable="true" class="nist-image__caption-content"> </div> </figcaption> </figure> <span class="nist-badge nist-badge--green">Image</span> <h3 class="nist-video__title">Optical Coherence Tomography</h3> <div> <p>Researchers used a noninvasive and label-free method called optical coherence tomography to assess the live cells in the 3D scaffold system. OCT is an imaging technique that uses light waves to take cross sectional images of a sample.</p> </div> <div class="padding-y-4"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/image-gallery" class="usa-button">See Image Gallery</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--blog padding-y-4"> <div class="grid-container"> <h2 class="text-center padding-y-4">Latest From Taking Measure Blog</h2> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <div><div class="tm-blog-section js-view-dom-id-69a461fae5ba930dc467c31e2345ca3e64c8b2646f90f1665388826423691f27"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6 padding-right-3"> <div class="views-row tm-featured-blog"> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/pokemon-physics-my-journey-perseverance-research" class="nist-teaser margin-bottom-4 nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/pokemon-physics-my-journey-perseverance-research" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/600_x_300_limit/public/images/2024/01/23/Marquez_lab_1.jpg?itok=FdTRsfv_" width="600" height="300" alt="Samuel Márquez Gonzalez leans forward to look through a microscope in the lab. " typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/pokemon-physics-my-journey-perseverance-research"><span>From Pokémon to Physics: My Journey of Perseverance Into Research</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-14T12:00:00Z">February 14, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="views-row tm-blog"> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/henry-moseley-patriotic-scientist-who-changed-periodic-table-and-then-went-war" class="nist-teaser margin-bottom-4 nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/henry-moseley-patriotic-scientist-who-changed-periodic-table-and-then-went-war" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/600_x_300_limit/public/images/2024/01/18/henry-moseley-smithsonian-archives-2_0.png?itok=FWC7QBLG" width="600" height="300" alt="Historical photo shows Henry Moseley sitting at a desk reading a thick book, with other open books on the desk. " typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/henry-moseley-patriotic-scientist-who-changed-periodic-table-and-then-went-war"><span>Henry Moseley: A Patriotic Scientist Who Changed the Periodic Table — and Then Went Off to War</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-02-07T12:00:00Z">February 7, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="views-row tm-blog"> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/polymer-scientist-wrestles-literally-and-figuratively-frustrations-plastic" class="nist-teaser margin-bottom-4 nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/polymer-scientist-wrestles-literally-and-figuratively-frustrations-plastic" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/600_x_300_limit/public/images/2024/01/04/kate_beers_orange_in_plastic_packaging.jpg?itok=ASya6HkN" width="600" height="300" alt="A small orange is packaged in a plastic container with a lid. " typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/polymer-scientist-wrestles-literally-and-figuratively-frustrations-plastic"><span>A Polymer Scientist Wrestles — Literally and Figuratively — With the Frustrations of Plastic Packaging</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-01-24T12:00:00Z">January 24, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> <div class="views-row tm-blog"> <article about="/blogs/taking-measure/riding-wind-how-applied-geometry-and-artificial-intelligence-can-help-us-win" class="nist-teaser margin-bottom-4 nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/riding-wind-how-applied-geometry-and-artificial-intelligence-can-help-us-win" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/600_x_300_limit/public/images/2023/12/12/zach_wind_turbines_3_112823.jpg?itok=8P60pqPm" width="600" height="300" alt="Zach Grey poses outdoors with wind turbines in the background. " typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure/riding-wind-how-applied-geometry-and-artificial-intelligence-can-help-us-win"><span>Riding the Wind: How Applied Geometry and Artificial Intelligence Can Help Us Win the Renewable Energy Race</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date"> <div class="daterange"><time datetime="2024-01-10T12:00:00Z">January 10, 2024</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> </div> </div> </article> </div> </div> </div> <footer> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs/taking-measure" class="usa-button">View the Taking Measure Blog</a> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/blogs" class="usa-button">View all NIST Blogs</a> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="nist-page__region nist-page__region--featured bg-base-lightest padding-y-4"> <div class="grid-container"> <h2 class="text-center padding-y-4">Featured</h2> <div class="views-element-container nist-block"> <div><div class="feature-section js-view-dom-id-5d03a857e6141d9cb69ce6301164dae8c9313f700bc9c99a5633bab35de45adc"> <div> <article about="/feature-stories/nanofabulous-experience-internship-nists-nanofab-provides-vital-training-engineers" class="nist-teaser nist-teaser--grid"> <div class="nist-teaser__image"> <div class="entity-reference"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories/nanofabulous-experience-internship-nists-nanofab-provides-vital-training-engineers" hreflang="en"><img loading="lazy" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/styles/1200_x_400/public/images/2022/12/09/Evan_Cooper_02.JPG?itok=cS0arJQA" width="1200" height="400" alt="A person in a white coverall and safety glasses poses standing next to a rack of computers and other devices in a lab. " typeof="foaf:Image"/> </a> </div> </div> <div class="nist-teaser__content-wrapper tablet:margin-x-15"> <header> <h3 class="nist-teaser__title padding-y-4 text-center"><a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories/nanofabulous-experience-internship-nists-nanofab-provides-vital-training-engineers"><span>A Nanofabulous Experience: Internship at NIST’s NanoFab Provides Vital Training for Engineers and Technicians Entering the Semiconductor Workforce</span> </a></h3> <div class="nist-teaser__date padding-bottom-3 text-center"> <div class="datetime"><time datetime="2023-01-05T12:00:00Z">January 5, 2023</time> </div> </div> </header> <div class="nist-teaser__content"> <div class="text-with-summary"><p>NanoFab internships are one of the many ways that NIST and the Department of Commerce are helping to ensure American preeminence in semiconductors. Since its inception in 2014, 37 budding engineers and technicians in the semiconductor industry have completed the NIST program.</p></div> </div> </div> </article> </div> <footer> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/feature-stories" class="usa-button">View all Feature Stories</a> </footer> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div> <div class="grid-container"> </div> </div> </section> </div> <div data-elastic-exclude> <!-- nist-index-ignore-start --> <footer class="nist-footer padding-bottom-4"> <div class="grid-container nist-footer__info"> <div class="grid-row"> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__logo"> <a href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/" title="National Institute of Standards and Technology" rel="home"> <img class="nist-footer__logo-img" src="/web/20240226171933im_/https://www.nist.gov/libraries/nist-component-library/dist/img/logo/NIST-Logo-Brand-White.svg" alt="National Institute of Standards and Technology logo" width="300px" height="42px"/> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__contact"> <h3 class="nist-footer__contact-heading">HEADQUARTERS</h3> <address> 100 Bureau Drive<br> Gaithersburg, MD 20899<br> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/tel:301-975-2000">301-975-2000</a> </address> <p> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/mailto:do-webmaster@nist.gov">Webmaster</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/about-nist/contact-us">Contact Us</a> | <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/visit">Our Other Offices</a> </p> </div> </div> <div class="tablet:grid-col-6"> <div class="nist-footer__social-links"> <a class="nist-social nist-social--twitter-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://twitter.com/NIST"> <span>Twitter</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--facebook-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.facebook.com/NIST"> <span>Facebook</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--linkedin-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.linkedin.com/company/nist"> <span>LinkedIn</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--instagram-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.instagram.com/nist/"> <span>Instagram</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--youtube-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.youtube.com/NIST"> <span>YouTube</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--giphy-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://giphy.com/nist"> <span>Giphy</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--rss-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/news-events/nist-rss-feeds"> <span>RSS Feed</span> </a> <a class="nist-social nist-social--envelope-white" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/USNIST/subscriber/new"> <span>Mailing List</span> </a> </div> <div class="nist-footer__feedback"> How are we doing? <a class="usa-button" rel="nofollow" href="/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/form/nist-gov-feedback?destination=/news-events/news" title="Provide feedback">Feedback</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="grid-container"> <div class="nist-footer__nav" role="navigation"> <ul> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/privacy-policy">Site Privacy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/oism/accessibility">Accessibility</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/privacy">Privacy Program</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/oism/copyrights">Copyrights</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.commerce.gov/vulnerability-disclosure-policy">Vulnerability Disclosure</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/no-fear-act-policy">No Fear Act Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/office-director/freedom-information-act">FOIA</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/environmental-policy-statement">Environmental Policy</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/summary-report-scientific-integrity">Scientific Integrity</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.nist.gov/nist-information-quality-standards">Information Quality Standards</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://www.commerce.gov/">Commerce.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/http://www.science.gov/">Science.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/http://www.usa.gov/">USA.gov</a> </li> <li class="nist-footer__menu-item"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933/https://vote.gov/">Vote.gov</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </footer> <!-- nist-index-ignore-end --> </div> </div> <script type="application/json" data-drupal-selector="drupal-settings-json">{"path":{"baseUrl":"\/","scriptPath":null,"pathPrefix":"","currentPath":"node\/1564231","currentPathIsAdmin":false,"isFront":false,"currentLanguage":"en"},"pluralDelimiter":"\u0003","suppressDeprecationErrors":true,"back_to_top":{"back_to_top_button_trigger":100,"back_to_top_prevent_on_mobile":false,"back_to_top_prevent_in_admin":true,"back_to_top_button_type":"image","back_to_top_button_text":"Back to top"},"google_analytics":{"account":"G-HEQ0YF2VYL","trackOutbound":true,"trackMailto":true,"trackTel":true,"trackDownload":true,"trackDownloadExtensions":"7z|aac|arc|arj|asf|asx|avi|bin|bsh|c|csv|doc(x|m)?|dot(x|m)?|dw(fx|g|gd)|dxf|eps|epub|exe|f(90)|flv|gif|gz|gzip|hqx|jar|jpe?g|js|m1v|mp(2|3|4|e?g)|mobi|mov(ie)?|msi|msp|pdf|phps|pl|png|ppt(x|m)?|pot(x|m)?|pps(x|m)?|ppam|sld(x|m)?|thmx|qtm?|ra(m|r)?|rfa|rtf|rvt|sch|sea|sit|swf|tar|tgz|tif|txt|txz|wav|wma|wmv|wpd|wrl|xls(x|m|b)?|xlt(x|m)|xlam|xml|xsd|z|zip"},"nist_search":{"clickTracking":"search-report-click","isDebug":false,"clickTrackEnabled":true,"message":"NIST Search in debug mode. Check the browsers network inspector for Click Track reporting results..."},"data":{"extlink":{"extTarget":false,"extTargetNoOverride":false,"extNofollow":false,"extNoreferrer":false,"extFollowNoOverride":false,"extClass":"ext","extLabel":"(link is external)","extImgClass":false,"extSubdomains":true,"extExclude":"\\.gov\\\/|\\.mil\\\/|\\manufacturingusa\\.com\\\/","extInclude":"","extCssExclude":".ck-editor, .nist-social, .nist-video-thumbnail__lightbox-trigger, a.nist-icon--mail-blue","extCssExplicit":"","extAlert":true,"extAlertText":"Thank you for visiting NIST. We hope your visit was informative. We have provided a link to this site because it has information that may be of interest to our users. NIST does not necessarily endorse the views expressed or the facts presented on this site. Further, NIST does not endorse any commercial products that may be advertised or available on this site. Click OK to be directed to your link.","mailtoClass":"0","mailtoLabel":"(link sends email)","extUseFontAwesome":false,"extIconPlacement":"after","extFaLinkClasses":"fa fa-external-link","extFaMailtoClasses":"fa fa-envelope-o","whitelistedDomains":[]}},"ajaxTrustedUrl":{"\/news-events\/news\/search":true},"chosen":{"selector":"select:not([id=\u0027edit-field-event-date-0-duration\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-type-select\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-is-this-event-by-invite-only-or-open-to-the-public\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-who-is-the-primary-target-audience\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-address-state-province\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-address-2-state-province\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-timezone-optional-\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-target-audience-select\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-address-country\u0027]):not([id=\u0027edit-event-address-2-country\u0027]):not([title=\u0027Month\u0027]):not([title=\u0027Day\u0027]):not([title=\u0027Year\u0027]),.facets-dropdown","minimum_single":0,"minimum_multiple":0,"minimum_width":200,"use_relative_width":false,"options":{"disable_search":false,"disable_search_threshold":20,"allow_single_deselect":false,"search_contains":true,"placeholder_text_multiple":"Choose some options","placeholder_text_single":"Choose an option","no_results_text":"No results match","max_shown_results":null,"inherit_select_classes":true}},"user":{"uid":0,"permissionsHash":"2f77e4dcfce20728ac491170886da836c10b580f9bdfeb9c9e729fe4958834d5"}}</script> <script src="/web/20240226171933js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_L4s-xoxkQ67XMK98eQiz0h1j1ibNkR1AmjhYszY77y0.js?scope=footer&amp;delta=0&amp;language=en&amp;theme=nist_www&amp;include=eJx1UItuwyAM_CEafxIy4CVeDY4wbZZ9_cijalRpErLuztb5TMB49037myG8sf82F_5pcdTiRtVRyGNBWRtHg0_BFbbmv7hrSZciism32m24jDDi0TZuxHmu-iT4FLYIu9YmytQ3qwSsPmuCxIahGwuXu7PVGuWe0Gifh1E0oFzx7bSCiTBRfVG_LMt1-sK3Efpp2wJI9TGjDCd1T6bFYK9DD_MQ6lIi9ZQDpX4xSQLB3_W23ezipEblZXKwU-z5AxxwiHbJlDlW3b7iD8BzorM"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20240226171933js_/https://siteimproveanalytics.com/js/siteanalyze_6017546.js" async></script> <script src="/web/20240226171933js_/https://www.nist.gov/sites/default/files/js/js_ZypsgoXW6Bt8MynP94UDyEgHqHRMVPWA4nJctinykbI.js?scope=footer&amp;delta=2&amp;language=en&amp;theme=nist_www&amp;include=eJx1UItuwyAM_CEafxIy4CVeDY4wbZZ9_cijalRpErLuztb5TMB49037myG8sf82F_5pcdTiRtVRyGNBWRtHg0_BFbbmv7hrSZciism32m24jDDi0TZuxHmu-iT4FLYIu9YmytQ3qwSsPmuCxIahGwuXu7PVGuWe0Gifh1E0oFzx7bSCiTBRfVG_LMt1-sK3Efpp2wJI9TGjDCd1T6bFYK9DD_MQ6lIi9ZQDpX4xSQLB3_W23ezipEblZXKwU-z5AxxwiHbJlDlW3b7iD8BzorM"></script> <script type="text/javascript">window.NREUM||(NREUM={});NREUM.info={"beacon":"bam.nr-data.net","licenseKey":"37b7ccb661","applicationID":"1089704227","transactionName":"YFxUN0sADEdYVkBaClkWdwBNCA1aFkVVVABoWlcAUQQ=","queueTime":3,"applicationTime":40,"atts":"TBtXQQMaH0k=","errorBeacon":"bam.nr-data.net","agent":""}</script></body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 17:19:33 Feb 26, 2024 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 19:29:15 Dec 02, 2024. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 0.564 exclusion.robots: 0.037 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.027 esindex: 0.011 cdx.remote: 15.765 LoadShardBlock: 174.711 (3) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 130.764 (4) PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 189.597 (3) load_resource: 209.33 -->

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10