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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History of gingerbread shaping</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_gingerbread_shaping-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_times" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_times"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Modern times</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_times-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guinness_World_records" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guinness_World_records"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Guinness World records</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Guinness_World_records-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a 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href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Пернікавы дамок – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пернікавы дамок" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8B_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Пернікавы домік – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пернікавы домік" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lebkuchenh%C3%A4uschen" title="Lebkuchenhäuschen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lebkuchenhäuschen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa_de_jengibre" title="Casa de jengibre – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Casa de jengibre" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_de_pain_d%27%C3%A9pices" title="Maison de pain d'épices – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Maison de pain d'épices" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%84%EC%A0%80%EB%B8%8C%EB%A0%88%EB%93%9C_%EC%A7%91" title="진저브레드 집 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="진저브레드 집" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%B2%D6%81%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A9%D5%A5_%D5%BF%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF" title="Քաղցրաբլիթե տնակ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քաղցրաբլիթե տնակ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casetta_di_pan_di_zenzero" title="Casetta di pan di zenzero – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Casetta di pan di zenzero" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omah_roti_ja%C3%A9" title="Omah roti jaé – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Omah roti jaé" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%98%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BB%E3%83%B3%E3%83%8F%E3%82%A6%E3%82%B9" title="ヘクセンハウス – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヘクセンハウス" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pepperkakehus" title="Pepperkakehus – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pepperkakehus" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piernikowa_chatka" title="Piernikowa chatka – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Piernikowa chatka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casa_de_gengibre" title="Casa de gengibre – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Casa de gengibre" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Пряничный домик – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Пряничный домик" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D1%9B%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B4_%D0%BA%D0%B5%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%B0_%D1%92%D1%83%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%B8%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Кућица од кекса са ђумбиром – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Кућица од кекса са ђумбиром" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piparkakkutalo" title="Piparkakkutalo – Finnish" lang="fi" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Model house made of gingerbread</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the architectural style, see <a href="/wiki/Gingerbread_house_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gingerbread house (architecture)">Gingerbread house (architecture)</a>. For the house in Savannah, Georgia, see <a href="/wiki/The_Gingerbread_House" title="The Gingerbread House">The Gingerbread House</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_house_with_gumdrops.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gingerbread_house_with_gumdrops.jpg/220px-Gingerbread_house_with_gumdrops.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gingerbread_house_with_gumdrops.jpg/330px-Gingerbread_house_with_gumdrops.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Gingerbread_house_with_gumdrops.jpg/440px-Gingerbread_house_with_gumdrops.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>A typical store-bought gingerbread house</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>gingerbread house</b> is a novelty <a href="/wiki/Confectionery" title="Confectionery">confectionery</a> shaped like a <a href="/wiki/Building" title="Building">building</a> that is made of cookie dough, cut and baked into appropriate components like <a href="/wiki/Wall" title="Wall">walls</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roof" title="Roof">roofing</a>. The usual base material is crisp <a href="/wiki/Gingerbread" title="Gingerbread">gingerbread</a>, hence the name. Another type of model-making with gingerbread uses a boiled dough that can be <a href="/wiki/Moulding_(process)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moulding (process)">moulded</a> like <a href="/wiki/Clay" title="Clay">clay</a> to form edible statuettes or other decorations. These houses, covered with a variety of <a href="/wiki/Candy" title="Candy">candies</a> and <a href="/wiki/Icing_(food)" title="Icing (food)">icing</a>, are popular <a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas">Christmas</a> decorations. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gingerbread_house&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stoitzner_(attrib)_Kirchweih.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Stoitzner_%28attrib%29_Kirchweih.jpg/254px-Stoitzner_%28attrib%29_Kirchweih.jpg" decoding="async" width="254" height="185" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Stoitzner_%28attrib%29_Kirchweih.jpg/381px-Stoitzner_%28attrib%29_Kirchweih.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Stoitzner_%28attrib%29_Kirchweih.jpg/508px-Stoitzner_%28attrib%29_Kirchweih.jpg 2x" data-file-width="953" data-file-height="693" /></a><figcaption>Painting depicting gingerbread sold at the <a href="/wiki/Fair" title="Fair">fair</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Records of honey cakes can be traced to <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Rome" title="Ancient Rome">ancient Rome</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Food historians ratify that ginger has been seasoning foodstuffs and drinks since antiquity. It is believed gingerbread was first baked in Europe at the end of the 11th century, when returning <a href="/wiki/Crusaders" class="mw-redirect" title="Crusaders">crusaders</a> brought back the custom of spicy bread from the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ginger was not only tasty, it had properties that helped preserve the bread. According to the French legend, gingerbread was brought to Europe in 992 by the <a href="/wiki/Armenians" title="Armenians">Armenian</a> monk, later saint, Gregory of Nicopolis (Gregory Makar). He lived for seven years in <a href="/wiki/Bondaroy" title="Bondaroy">Bondaroy</a>, France, near the town of <a href="/wiki/Pithiviers" title="Pithiviers">Pithiviers</a>, where he taught gingerbread cooking to priests and other Christians. He died in 999.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AutoFB-3_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoFB-3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gingerbread, as we know it today, descends from Medieval European culinary traditions. Gingerbread was also shaped into different forms by monks in <a href="/wiki/Franconia" title="Franconia">Franconia</a>, Germany in the 13th century. <i><a href="/wiki/Lebkuchen" title="Lebkuchen">Lebkuchen</a></i> bakers are recorded as early as 1296 in <a href="/wiki/Ulm" title="Ulm">Ulm</a> and 1395 in <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a>. Nuremberg was recognized as the "Gingerbread Capital of the World" when in the 17th century the guild started to employ master bakers and skilled workers to create complicated works of art from gingerbread.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Medieval bakers used carved boards to create elaborate designs. During the 13th century, the custom spread across Europe. It was taken to Sweden in the 13th century by German immigrants; there are references from <a href="/wiki/Vadstena_Abbey" title="Vadstena Abbey">Vadstena Abbey</a> of Swedish <a href="/wiki/Nun" title="Nun">nuns</a> baking gingerbread to ease indigestion in 1444.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The traditional sweetener is honey, used by the guild in Nuremberg. Spices used are <a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">ginger</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">cinnamon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cloves" class="mw-redirect" title="Cloves">cloves</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nutmeg" title="Nutmeg">nutmeg</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">cardamom</a>. Gingerbread <a href="/wiki/Figurine" title="Figurine">figurines</a> date back to the 15th century, and figural biscuit-making was practised in the 16th century.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first documented instance of <a href="/wiki/Gingerbread_man" title="Gingerbread man">figure-shaped gingerbread biscuits</a> is from the court of <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_I_of_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth I of England">Elizabeth I of England</a>: she had gingerbread figures made in the likeness of some of her important guests.<sup id="cite_ref-ref1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ref1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History_of_gingerbread_shaping">History of gingerbread shaping</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gingerbread_house&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History of gingerbread shaping"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Samobor_Licitar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Samobor_Licitar.jpg/220px-Samobor_Licitar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Samobor_Licitar.jpg/330px-Samobor_Licitar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Samobor_Licitar.jpg/440px-Samobor_Licitar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>Decorated gingerbread hearts with mirrors, <a href="/wiki/Hussar" title="Hussar">hussars</a>, and market souvenirs in <a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MM%C5%BDbk-Staro%C4%8Desk%C3%BD_vytla%C4%8Dovan%C3%BD_pern%C3%ADk.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/MM%C5%BDbk-Staro%C4%8Desk%C3%BD_vytla%C4%8Dovan%C3%BD_pern%C3%ADk.jpg/220px-MM%C5%BDbk-Staro%C4%8Desk%C3%BD_vytla%C4%8Dovan%C3%BD_pern%C3%ADk.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/MM%C5%BDbk-Staro%C4%8Desk%C3%BD_vytla%C4%8Dovan%C3%BD_pern%C3%ADk.jpg/330px-MM%C5%BDbk-Staro%C4%8Desk%C3%BD_vytla%C4%8Dovan%C3%BD_pern%C3%ADk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/MM%C5%BDbk-Staro%C4%8Desk%C3%BD_vytla%C4%8Dovan%C3%BD_pern%C3%ADk.jpg/440px-MM%C5%BDbk-Staro%C4%8Desk%C3%BD_vytla%C4%8Dovan%C3%BD_pern%C3%ADk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="460" /></a><figcaption>A gingerbread print horse</figcaption></figure> <p>The gingerbread bakers were gathered into professional baker guilds. In many European countries, gingerbread bakers were a distinct component of the bakers' guild. Gingerbread baking developed into an acknowledged profession. In the 17th century, only professional gingerbread bakers were permitted to bake gingerbread except at Christmas and Easter, when anyone was allowed to bake it.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Europe, gingerbreads were sold in special shops and at seasonal markets that sold sweets and gingerbread shaped as hearts, stars, soldiers, babies, riders, trumpets, swords, pistols and animals.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gingerbread was especially sold outside churches on Sundays. Religious gingerbread reliefs were purchased for the particular religious events, such as Christmas and Easter. The decorated gingerbreads were given as presents to adults and children, or given as a love token, and bought particularly for weddings, where gingerbreads were distributed to the wedding guests.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A gingerbread relief of the patron saint was frequently given as a gift on a person's <a href="/wiki/Name_day" title="Name day">name day</a>, the day of the saint associated with his or her given name.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the custom to bake biscuits and paint them as window decorations. The most intricate gingerbreads were also embellished with iced patterns, often using colours, and also gilded with <a href="/wiki/Gold_leaf" title="Gold leaf">gold leaf</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1b_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1b-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gingerbread was also worn as a talisman in battle or as protection against evil spirits.<sup id="cite_ref-AutoFB-3_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AutoFB-3-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Gingerbread was a significant form of popular art in Europe;<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> major centers of gingerbread mould carvings included <a href="/wiki/Lyon" title="Lyon">Lyon</a>, Nuremberg, <a href="/wiki/Pest_(city)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pest (city)">Pest</a>, Prague, <a href="/wiki/Pardubice" title="Pardubice">Pardubice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pulsnitz" title="Pulsnitz">Pulsnitz</a>, Ulm, and <a href="/wiki/Toru%C5%84" title="Toruń">Toruń</a>. Gingerbread moulds often displayed actual happenings, by portraying new rulers and their consorts, for example. Substantial mould collections are held at the Ethnographic Museum in Toruń, <a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> and the Bread Museum in Ulm, Germany. During the winter months, medieval gingerbread pastries, usually dipped in wine or other alcoholic beverages, were consumed. In America, the German-speaking communities of Pennsylvania and Maryland continued this tradition until the early 20th century.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The tradition survived in colonial North America, where the pastries were baked as <a href="/wiki/Ginger_snap" title="Ginger snap">ginger snap</a> cookies and gained favour as Christmas tree decorations.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The tradition of making decorated gingerbread houses started in Germany in the early 1800s. According to certain researchers, the first gingerbread houses were the result of the well-known <a href="/wiki/Brothers_Grimm" title="Brothers Grimm">Grimm</a>'s fairy tale "<a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel" title="Hansel and Gretel">Hansel and Gretel</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in which the two children abandoned in the forest found an edible house made of bread with sugar decorations. After this book was published, German bakers began baking ornamented fairy-tale houses of <a href="/wiki/Lebkuchen" title="Lebkuchen">lebkuchen</a> (gingerbread). These became popular during Christmas, a tradition that came to America with Pennsylvanian German immigrants.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to other food historians, the Grimm brothers were speaking about something that already existed.<sup id="cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-autogenerated2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modern_times">Modern times</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gingerbread_house&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Modern times"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Magasin_de_pains_d%27%C3%A9pices-Strasbourg.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Magasin_de_pains_d%27%C3%A9pices-Strasbourg.JPG/170px-Magasin_de_pains_d%27%C3%A9pices-Strasbourg.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Magasin_de_pains_d%27%C3%A9pices-Strasbourg.JPG/255px-Magasin_de_pains_d%27%C3%A9pices-Strasbourg.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Magasin_de_pains_d%27%C3%A9pices-Strasbourg.JPG/340px-Magasin_de_pains_d%27%C3%A9pices-Strasbourg.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a><figcaption>Gingerbread shop in <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg" title="Strasbourg">Strasbourg</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Putting_glaze_on_gingerbread_house_for_candy_decorations.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Putting_glaze_on_gingerbread_house_for_candy_decorations.jpg/220px-Putting_glaze_on_gingerbread_house_for_candy_decorations.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Putting_glaze_on_gingerbread_house_for_candy_decorations.jpg/330px-Putting_glaze_on_gingerbread_house_for_candy_decorations.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/Putting_glaze_on_gingerbread_house_for_candy_decorations.jpg/440px-Putting_glaze_on_gingerbread_house_for_candy_decorations.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4896" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Swedish gingerbread house being prepared. Glaze is put on the walls.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Replica_of_the_White_House_made_of_gingerbread_and_white_chocolate.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Replica_of_the_White_House_made_of_gingerbread_and_white_chocolate.jpg/220px-Replica_of_the_White_House_made_of_gingerbread_and_white_chocolate.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Replica_of_the_White_House_made_of_gingerbread_and_white_chocolate.jpg/330px-Replica_of_the_White_House_made_of_gingerbread_and_white_chocolate.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Replica_of_the_White_House_made_of_gingerbread_and_white_chocolate.jpg/440px-Replica_of_the_White_House_made_of_gingerbread_and_white_chocolate.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4096" data-file-height="2731" /></a><figcaption>Replica of the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> made of gingerbread and white chocolate</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 210px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External videos</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm/188px--Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="188" height="106" data-durationhint="110" data-mwtitle="Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm/Holidays_at_the_white_house_-_building_the_2013_gingerbread_white_house_1.webmhd.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /></video></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="video icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_kaboodle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/share/gingerbread-white-house">MP.4 version</a> 1:49, Building the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> gingerbread house, 2013</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In modern times, the tradition has continued in certain places in Europe. In Germany, Christmas markets sell decorated gingerbread before Christmas. (<i>Lebkuchenhaus</i> or <i>Pfefferkuchenhaus</i> are the German terms for a gingerbread house.) Making gingerbread houses is a Christmas tradition in many families. They are typically made before Christmas using pieces of baked gingerbread dough assembled with melted sugar. The roof 'tiles' can consist of frosting or candy. The gingerbread house yard is usually decorated with icing to represent snow.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A gingerbread house does not have to be an actual house, although it is the most common. It can be anything from a castle to a small cabin, or another kind of building, such as a church, an art museum,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or a sports stadium,<sup id="cite_ref-town_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-town-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and other items, such as cars, <a href="/wiki/Gingerbread_man" title="Gingerbread man">gingerbread men</a> and gingerbread women, can be made of gingerbread dough.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In most cases, <a href="/wiki/Royal_icing" title="Royal icing">royal icing</a> is used as an adhesive to secure the main parts of the house, as it can be made quickly and forms a secure bond when set. </p><p>In Sweden, gingerbread houses are prepared on <a href="/wiki/Saint_Lucy%27s_Day" title="Saint Lucy's Day">Saint Lucy's Day</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Since 1991, the people of <a href="/wiki/Bergen" title="Bergen">Bergen</a>, Norway, have built a city of gingerbread houses each year before Christmas. Named <i>Pepperkakebyen</i> (Norwegian for "the gingerbread village"), it is claimed to be the world's largest such city.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Every child under the age of 12 can make their own house at no cost with the help of their parents. In 2009, the gingerbread city was destroyed in an act of vandalism.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A group of building design, construction, and sales professionals in Washington, D.C., also collaborate on a themed "Gingertown" every year.<sup id="cite_ref-town_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-town-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In San Francisco, the <a href="/wiki/Fairmont_San_Francisco" title="Fairmont San Francisco">Fairmont</a> and <a href="/wiki/Westin_St._Francis" title="Westin St. Francis">St. Francis</a> hotels display rival gingerbread houses during the Christmas season.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Guinness_World_records">Guinness World records</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gingerbread_house&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Guinness World records"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LA2_Milda_pepparkakshus_2009_framsida.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/LA2_Milda_pepparkakshus_2009_framsida.jpg/220px-LA2_Milda_pepparkakshus_2009_framsida.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/LA2_Milda_pepparkakshus_2009_framsida.jpg/330px-LA2_Milda_pepparkakshus_2009_framsida.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/LA2_Milda_pepparkakshus_2009_framsida.jpg/440px-LA2_Milda_pepparkakshus_2009_framsida.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2572" data-file-height="2236" /></a><figcaption>A full-scale gingerbread house as a Christmas decoration in <a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a>, 2009 (It was made of 294 kg (648 lb) flour, 92 kg (203 lb) margarine, 100.4 kg (221 lb) sugar, 66.3 L (14.6 imp gal; 17.5 US gal) Golden syrup, 2.2 kg (4.9 lb) each of cinnamon, cloves, ginger and 3.7 kg (8.2 lb) baking powder.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</figcaption></figure> <p>In 2013, a group in <a href="/wiki/Bryan,_Texas" title="Bryan, Texas">Bryan, Texas</a>, US, broke the <a href="/wiki/Guinness_World_Records" title="Guinness World Records">Guinness World Record</a> set the previous year for the largest gingerbread house, with a 2,520-square-foot (234 m<sup>2</sup>) edible-walled house in aid of a hospital trauma centre.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The gingerbread house had an estimated calorific value exceeding 35.8 million and ingredients included 2,925 pounds (1,327 kg) of brown sugar, 1,800 pounds (820 kg) of butter, 7,200 eggs and 7,200 pounds (3,300 kg) of general purpose flour.<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The executive sous-chef at the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Marriott_Marquis" title="New York Marriott Marquis">New York Marriott Marquis</a> hotel, Jon Lovitch, broke the record for the largest gingerbread village with 135 residential and 22 commercial buildings, and cable cars and a train also made of gingerbread.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was displayed at the New York Hall of Science. Another contender from Bergen, Norway made a gingerbread town called <i>Pepperkakebyen.</i><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gingerbread_house&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerycaption">Gingerbread houses</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 137.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 135.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:La_maison_en_pain_d%27%C3%A9pices.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread house with candy"><img alt="Gingerbread house with candy" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/La_maison_en_pain_d%27%C3%A9pices.jpg/203px-La_maison_en_pain_d%27%C3%A9pices.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/La_maison_en_pain_d%27%C3%A9pices.jpg/305px-La_maison_en_pain_d%27%C3%A9pices.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/La_maison_en_pain_d%27%C3%A9pices.jpg/406px-La_maison_en_pain_d%27%C3%A9pices.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2352" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gingerbread house with candy</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 133.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 131.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_house_with_clock.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A gingerbread house with clock and candy decorations"><img alt="A gingerbread house with clock and candy decorations" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Gingerbread_house_with_clock.jpg/197px-Gingerbread_house_with_clock.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Gingerbread_house_with_clock.jpg/295px-Gingerbread_house_with_clock.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Gingerbread_house_with_clock.jpg/393px-Gingerbread_house_with_clock.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1339" data-file-height="1355" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A gingerbread house with clock and candy decorations</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 216.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 214.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_house_with_double_doors.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread house with double doors"><img alt="Gingerbread house with double doors" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Gingerbread_house_with_double_doors.jpg/322px-Gingerbread_house_with_double_doors.jpg" decoding="async" width="215" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Gingerbread_house_with_double_doors.jpg/484px-Gingerbread_house_with_double_doors.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Gingerbread_house_with_double_doors.jpg/644px-Gingerbread_house_with_double_doors.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3892" data-file-height="2405" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gingerbread house with double doors</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 90px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 88px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_house_with_steps_and_trees.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread house with steps and trees"><img alt="Gingerbread house with steps and trees" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gingerbread_house_with_steps_and_trees.jpg/132px-Gingerbread_house_with_steps_and_trees.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gingerbread_house_with_steps_and_trees.jpg/199px-Gingerbread_house_with_steps_and_trees.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Gingerbread_house_with_steps_and_trees.jpg/265px-Gingerbread_house_with_steps_and_trees.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gingerbread house with steps and trees</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 178.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 176.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_house_with_path.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread house with path"><img alt="Gingerbread house with path" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gingerbread_house_with_path.jpg/265px-Gingerbread_house_with_path.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gingerbread_house_with_path.jpg/399px-Gingerbread_house_with_path.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Gingerbread_house_with_path.jpg/531px-Gingerbread_house_with_path.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gingerbread house with path</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 170.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 168.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_house_with_lighting.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread house with lighting"><img alt="Gingerbread house with lighting" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Gingerbread_house_with_lighting.jpg/253px-Gingerbread_house_with_lighting.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Gingerbread_house_with_lighting.jpg/379px-Gingerbread_house_with_lighting.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Gingerbread_house_with_lighting.jpg/505px-Gingerbread_house_with_lighting.jpg 2x" data-file-width="529" data-file-height="417" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gingerbread house with lighting</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 178.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 176.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_house_decorated_with_candy.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread house with snowman"><img alt="Gingerbread house with snowman" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gingerbread_house_decorated_with_candy.jpg/265px-Gingerbread_house_decorated_with_candy.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gingerbread_house_decorated_with_candy.jpg/399px-Gingerbread_house_decorated_with_candy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Gingerbread_house_decorated_with_candy.jpg/531px-Gingerbread_house_decorated_with_candy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gingerbread house with snowman</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 178.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 176.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_boat.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread ship"><img alt="Gingerbread ship" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Gingerbread_boat.jpg/265px-Gingerbread_boat.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Gingerbread_boat.jpg/399px-Gingerbread_boat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Gingerbread_boat.jpg/531px-Gingerbread_boat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1920" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gingerbread ship</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 178.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 176.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:M%C3%A9zeskal%C3%A1cs_h%C3%A1z_-_Buda,_2014.12.26_(1).JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread house as a Christmas Eve decoration"><img alt="Gingerbread house as a Christmas Eve decoration" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/M%C3%A9zeskal%C3%A1cs_h%C3%A1z_-_Buda%2C_2014.12.26_%281%29.JPG/265px-M%C3%A9zeskal%C3%A1cs_h%C3%A1z_-_Buda%2C_2014.12.26_%281%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="177" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/M%C3%A9zeskal%C3%A1cs_h%C3%A1z_-_Buda%2C_2014.12.26_%281%29.JPG/399px-M%C3%A9zeskal%C3%A1cs_h%C3%A1z_-_Buda%2C_2014.12.26_%281%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/M%C3%A9zeskal%C3%A1cs_h%C3%A1z_-_Buda%2C_2014.12.26_%281%29.JPG/531px-M%C3%A9zeskal%C3%A1cs_h%C3%A1z_-_Buda%2C_2014.12.26_%281%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Gingerbread house as a Christmas Eve decoration</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 178.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 176.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_houses_at_Dundee_Gardens.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread houses with Christmas tree"><img alt="Gingerbread houses with Christmas tree" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gingerbread_houses_at_Dundee_Gardens.jpg/265px-Gingerbread_houses_at_Dundee_Gardens.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gingerbread_houses_at_Dundee_Gardens.jpg/399px-Gingerbread_houses_at_Dundee_Gardens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Gingerbread_houses_at_Dundee_Gardens.jpg/531px-Gingerbread_houses_at_Dundee_Gardens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> Gingerbread houses with <a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree" title="Christmas tree">Christmas tree</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 178.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 176.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hyatt_Regency_Reston_gingerbread_village_with_model_trains_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread village with model trains"><img alt="Gingerbread village with model trains" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Hyatt_Regency_Reston_gingerbread_village_with_model_trains_%282%29.jpg/265px-Hyatt_Regency_Reston_gingerbread_village_with_model_trains_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="177" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Hyatt_Regency_Reston_gingerbread_village_with_model_trains_%282%29.jpg/399px-Hyatt_Regency_Reston_gingerbread_village_with_model_trains_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Hyatt_Regency_Reston_gingerbread_village_with_model_trains_%282%29.jpg/531px-Hyatt_Regency_Reston_gingerbread_village_with_model_trains_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gingerbread village with model trains</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 238px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 236px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gingerbread_House_Christmas_2016_Starbucks_Grosvenor_House_London_United_Kingdom.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gingerbread house and Elizabeth Tower in London, United Kingdom"><img alt="Gingerbread house and Elizabeth Tower in London, United Kingdom" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Gingerbread_House_Christmas_2016_Starbucks_Grosvenor_House_London_United_Kingdom.jpg/354px-Gingerbread_House_Christmas_2016_Starbucks_Grosvenor_House_London_United_Kingdom.jpg" decoding="async" width="236" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Gingerbread_House_Christmas_2016_Starbucks_Grosvenor_House_London_United_Kingdom.jpg/532px-Gingerbread_House_Christmas_2016_Starbucks_Grosvenor_House_London_United_Kingdom.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Gingerbread_House_Christmas_2016_Starbucks_Grosvenor_House_London_United_Kingdom.jpg/708px-Gingerbread_House_Christmas_2016_Starbucks_Grosvenor_House_London_United_Kingdom.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4208" data-file-height="2368" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Gingerbread house and Elizabeth Tower in London, United Kingdom</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gingerbread_house&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gingerbread_man" title="Gingerbread man">Gingerbread man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lebkuchen" title="Lebkuchen">Lebkuchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aachener_Printen" title="Aachener Printen">Aachener Printen</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gingerbread_house&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated1_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131212065712/http://www.enotes.com/topics/gingerbread">"Gingerbread"</a>. enotes.com. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gingerbread&rft.pub=enotes.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enotes.com%2Ftopics%2Fgingerbread&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-autogenerated2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-autogenerated2_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlver" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Lynne_Olver" title="Lynne Olver">Olver, Lynne</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131213060304/http://www.cttg.sa.gov.au/webdata/resources/files/Traditional%20Christmas%20Foods.pdf">"Traditional Christmas foods"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Food_Timeline" class="mw-redirect" title="The Food Timeline">The Food Timeline</a></i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2013</span> – via City of Tea Tree Gully.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Food+Timeline&rft.atitle=Traditional+Christmas+foods&rft.aulast=Olver&rft.aufirst=Lynne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cttg.sa.gov.au%2Fwebdata%2Fresources%2Ffiles%2FTraditional%2520Christmas%2520Foods.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131215045710/http://loiret.logishotels.com/notre-gastronomie/confreries-gastronomiques/confrerie-du-pain-depices.html"><i>La Confrérie du Pain d'Epices</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://loiret.logishotels.com/notre-gastronomie/confreries-gastronomiques/confrerie-du-pain-depices.html">the original</a> on 15 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2013</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=La+Confr%C3%A9rie+du+Pain+d%27Epices&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Floiret.logishotels.com%2Fnotre-gastronomie%2Fconfreries-gastronomiques%2Fconfrerie-du-pain-depices.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AutoFB-3-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AutoFB-3_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AutoFB-3_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131212103448/http://morricone.cn/englishweb/engmaster/engmaster-011a.htm"><i>Le Pithiviers</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://morricone.cn/englishweb/engmaster/engmaster-011a.htm">the original</a> on 12 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2013</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+Pithiviers&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmorricone.cn%2Fenglishweb%2Fengmaster%2Fengmaster-011a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140110224346/http://www.monastere-saintgregoire.net/fr/histoire/presentation-du-monastere.htm"><i>Monastère orthodoxe des Saints Grégoire Armeanul et Martin le Seul</i></a>, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.monastere-saintgregoire.net/fr/histoire/presentation-du-monastere.htm">the original</a> on 10 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 December</span> 2013</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Monast%C3%A8re+orthodoxe+des+Saints+Gr%C3%A9goire+Armeanul+et+Martin+le+Seul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.monastere-saintgregoire.net%2Ffr%2Fhistoire%2Fpresentation-du-monastere.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131214152754/http://annas.se/?kollumsidor=history-tradition&lang=en">"History and tradition"</a>. Annas Pepparkakor. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://annas.se/?kollumsidor=history-tradition&lang=en">the original</a> on 14 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+and+tradition&rft.pub=Annas+Pepparkakor&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fannas.se%2F%3Fkollumsidor%3Dhistory-tradition%26lang%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130902062542/http://danskan.se/historia/pepparkakans-historia">"Pepparkakan och dess historia"</a>. Danska Wienerbageriet. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.danskan.se/historia/pepparkakans-historia">the original</a> on 2 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pepparkakan+och+dess+historia&rft.pub=Danska+Wienerbageriet&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.danskan.se%2Fhistoria%2Fpepparkakans-historia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCampbell_Franklin1997" class="citation book cs1">Campbell Franklin, Linda (1997). <i>300 Years of Kitchen Collectibles</i> (4th ed.). 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N-9).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrones" class="citation web cs1">Brones, Anna. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131219172729/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/anna-brones/gingerbread-cookies-recipe_b_1137546.html">"The Magic of Swedish Gingerbread Cookies"</a>. Huffington Post. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/anna-brones/gingerbread-cookies-recipe_b_1137546.html">the original</a> on 19 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Magic+of+Swedish+Gingerbread+Cookies&rft.pub=Huffington+Post&rft.aulast=Brones&rft.aufirst=Anna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffingtonpost.com%2Fanna-brones%2Fgingerbread-cookies-recipe_b_1137546.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/12/03/gingerbread-architecture-photos_n_4375744.html">"Gingerbread Architecture Makes Normal Gingerbread Houses Look Pathetic"</a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Pepperkakebyen+i+Bergen&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitbergen.no%2F10-pepperkakebyen.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRolleiv_Solholm2009" class="citation news cs1">Rolleiv Solholm (23 November 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101222033512/http://norwaypost.no/culture/bergen-s-gingerbread-city-vandalized.html">"Bergen's "Gingerbread City" vandalized"</a>. <i>The Norway Post</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Norway+Post&rft.atitle=Bergen%27s+%22Gingerbread+City%22+vandalized&rft.date=2009-11-23&rft.au=Rolleiv+Solholm&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.norwaypost.no%2Fculture%2Fbergen-s-gingerbread-city-vandalized.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRubenstein2013" class="citation news cs1">Rubenstein, Steve (3 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/The-great-San-Francisco-gingerbread-war-commences-5029167.php">"The great San Francisco gingerbread war commences"</a>. <i>San Francisco Chronicle</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=San+Francisco+Chronicle&rft.atitle=The+great+San+Francisco+gingerbread+war+commences&rft.date=2013-12-03&rft.aulast=Rubenstein&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fbayarea%2Farticle%2FThe-great-San-Francisco-gingerbread-war-commences-5029167.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation sign cs1"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:LA2_Milda_pepparkakshus_2009_baksida.jpg"><i>List and amount of ingredients used</i></a> (sign at rear of gingerbread house). Stockholm. 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+and+amount+of+ingredients+used&rft.place=Stockholm&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FFile%3ALA2_Milda_pepparkakshus_2009_baksida.jpg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Reuters-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Reuters_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerskovitz2013" class="citation news cs1">Herskovitz, Jon (6 December 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-christmas-gingerbread-idUSBRE9B50YQ20131206">"With nearly a ton of butter, Texas gingerbread house sets record"</a>. Texas A &M University / Reuters.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=With+nearly+a+ton+of+butter%2C+Texas+gingerbread+house+sets+record&rft.date=2013-12-06&rft.aulast=Herskovitz&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fus-usa-christmas-gingerbread-idUSBRE9B50YQ20131206&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldrecordacademy.com/food/largest_gingerbread_village_Chef_Jon_Lovitch_breaks_Guinness_World_Records_record_213628.html">"Largest gingerbread village: Chef Jon Lovitch breaks Guinness World Records' record"</a>. World Record Academy. 3 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Largest+gingerbread+village%3A+Chef+Jon+Lovitch+breaks+Guinness+World+Records%27+record&rft.pub=World+Record+Academy&rft.date=2013-12-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldrecordacademy.com%2Ffood%2Flargest_gingerbread_village_Chef_Jon_Lovitch_breaks_Guinness_World_Records_record_213628.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2018" class="citation news cs1">Wilson, Antonia (22 December 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/travel/2018/dec/22/a-brief-history-of-the-gingerbread-house">"A brief history of the gingerbread house"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=A+brief+history+of+the+gingerbread+house&rft.date=2018-12-22&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Antonia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftravel%2F2018%2Fdec%2F22%2Fa-brief-history-of-the-gingerbread-house&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGingerbread+house" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gingerbread_house&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Weaver, William Woys – The Christmas Cook, Three Centuries of American Yuletide Sweets.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliza_Leslie" title="Eliza Leslie">Eliza Leslie</a> Miss Leslie's New Cookery Book – The Original Classic Edition <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HxrpdZkAY5AC&dq=Miss+Leslie%27s+New+Cookery+Book%2C&pg=PT9">Miss Leslie's New Cookery Book, online</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gingerbread_house&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Gingerbread_houses" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Gingerbread houses">Gingerbread houses</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/40px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg/60px-Wikibooks-logo-en-noslogan.svg.png 1.5x, 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cakes" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cakes" title="Template:Cakes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cakes" title="Template talk:Cakes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cakes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cakes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cakes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cake" title="Cake">Cakes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_cakes" title="List of cakes">List of cakes</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Butter_cake" title="Butter cake">Butter cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Babka" title="Babka">Babka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_bread" title="Banana bread">Banana bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_nantais" title="Gâteau nantais">Gâteau nantais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gooey_butter_cake" title="Gooey butter cake">Gooey butter cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_cake" title="Pound cake">Pound cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cheesecake" title="Cheesecake">Cheesecakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiadone" title="Fiadone">Fiadone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_cheesecake" title="Japanese cheesecake">Japanese cheesecake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostkaka" title="Ostkaka">Ostkaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ube_cheesecake" title="Ube cheesecake">Ube cheesecake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoked_salmon_cheesecake" class="mw-redirect" title="Smoked salmon cheesecake">Smoked salmon cheesecake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tu_(cake)" title="Tu (cake)">Tu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nut cakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brazil_nut_cake" title="Brazil nut cake">Brazil nut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castagnaccio" title="Castagnaccio">Castagnaccio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chestnut_cake" title="Chestnut cake">Chestnut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falculelle" title="Falculelle">Falculelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Financier_(cake)" title="Financier (cake)">Financier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neccio" title="Neccio">Neccio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_de_G%C3%AAnes" title="Pain de Gênes">Pain de Gênes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_cake" title="Chocolate cake">Chocolate<br />cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amandine_(dessert)" title="Amandine (dessert)">Amandine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batik_cake" title="Batik cake">Batik cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Forest_gateau" title="Black Forest gateau">Black Forest gateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blackout_cake" title="Blackout cake">Blackout cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocolate_brownie" title="Chocolate brownie">Chocolate brownie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flourless_chocolate_cake" title="Flourless chocolate cake">Flourless chocolate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garash_cake" title="Garash cake">Garash cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_chocolate_cake" title="German chocolate cake">German chocolate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedgehog_slice" title="Hedgehog slice">Hedgehog slice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joffre_cake" title="Joffre cake">Joffre cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kladdkaka" title="Kladdkaka">Kladdkaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molten_chocolate_cake" title="Molten chocolate cake">Molten chocolate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sachertorte" title="Sachertorte">Sachertorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_caprese" title="Torta caprese">Torta caprese</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Fruitcake" title="Fruitcake">Fruitcakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_cake" title="Apple cake">Apple cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banana_cake" title="Banana cake">Banana cake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_chu%E1%BB%91i" title="Bánh chuối">Bánh chuối</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_bun" title="Black bun">Black bun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolo-rei" class="mw-redirect" title="Bolo-rei">Bolo-rei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_cake#Cherry_cake" title="Pound cake">Cherry cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clementine_cake" title="Clementine cake">Clementine cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crema_de_fruta" title="Crema de fruta">Crema de fruta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dundee_cake" title="Dundee cake">Dundee cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fig_cake" title="Fig cake">Fig cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genoa_cake" title="Genoa cake">Genoa cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_apple_cake" title="Jewish apple cake">Jewish apple cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kornigou" title="Kornigou">Kornigou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mango_cake" title="Mango cake">Mango cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mango_float" title="Mango float">Mango float</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panforte" title="Panforte">Panforte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panpepato" title="Panpepato">Panpepato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plum_cake" title="Plum cake">Plum cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Elizabeth_cake" title="Queen Elizabeth cake">Queen Elizabeth cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raisin_cake" title="Raisin cake">Raisin cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_alla_Monferrina" class="mw-redirect" title="Torta alla Monferrina">Torta alla Monferrina</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Layer_cake" title="Layer cake">Layer cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_cake" title="Angel cake">Angel cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolo_fiado" title="Bolo fiado">Bolo fiado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckwheat_gateau" title="Buckwheat gateau">Buckwheat gateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassata" title="Cassata">Cassata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berry_chantilly_cake" title="Berry chantilly cake">Chantilly cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coconut_cake" title="Coconut cake">Coconut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devil%27s_food_cake" title="Devil's food cake">Devil's food cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doberge_cake" title="Doberge cake">Doberge cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dobos_torte" title="Dobos torte">Dobos torte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esterh%C3%A1zy_torte" title="Esterházy torte">Esterházy torte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flan_cake" title="Flan cake">Flan cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A2teau_magique" title="Gâteau magique">Gâteau magique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liver_cake" title="Liver cake">Liver cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Luisa_cake" title="Maria Luisa cake">Maria Luisa cake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cremeschnitte" title="Cremeschnitte">Cremeschnitte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0ampita" title="Šampita">Šampita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tompouce" title="Tompouce">Tompouce</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Princess_cake" title="Princess cake">Princess cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prinzregententorte" title="Prinzregententorte">Prinzregententorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rainbow_cookie" title="Rainbow cookie">Rainbow cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarawak_layer_cake" title="Sarawak layer cake">Sarawak cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_Island,_Maryland#Smith_Island_cake" title="Smith Island, Maryland">Smith Island cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spekkoek" title="Spekkoek">Spekkoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_setteveli" title="Torta setteveli">Torta setteveli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torta_Tre_Monti" title="Torta Tre Monti">Torta Tre Monti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Torte" title="Torte">Torte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V%C3%ADnarterta" title="Vínarterta">Vínarterta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spit_cake" title="Spit cake">Spit cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baumkuchen" title="Baumkuchen">Baumkuchen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCrt%C5%91skal%C3%A1cs" title="Kürtőskalács">Kürtőskalács (Chimney cake)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0akotis" title="Šakotis">Šakotis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spettekaka" title="Spettekaka">Spettekaka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trdeln%C3%ADk" title="Trdelník">Trdelník</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sponge_cake" title="Sponge cake">Sponge<br />cakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bahulu" title="Bahulu">Bahulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A1nh_b%C3%B2" title="Bánh bò">Bánh bò</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battenberg_cake" title="Battenberg cake">Battenberg cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boston_cream_pie" title="Boston cream pie">Boston cream pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buko_pandan_cake" title="Buko pandan cake">Buko pandan cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bundt_cake" title="Bundt cake">Bundt cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castella" title="Castella">Castella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte_(cake)" title="Charlotte (cake)">Charlotte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_and_walnut_cake" title="Coffee and walnut cake">Coffee and walnut cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donauwelle" title="Donauwelle">Donauwelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fanta_cake" title="Fanta cake">Fanta cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurter_Kranz" title="Frankfurter Kranz">Frankfurter Kranz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Fancy" class="mw-redirect" title="French Fancy">French Fancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frog_cake" title="Frog cake">Frog cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genoise" title="Genoise">Génoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_milk_cake" title="Hot milk cake">Hot milk cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hummingbird_cake" title="Hummingbird cake">Hummingbird cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Baltimore_cake" title="Lady Baltimore cake">Lady Baltimore cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladyfinger_(biscuit)" title="Ladyfinger (biscuit)">Ladyfinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamington" title="Lamington">Lamington</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeira_cake" title="Madeira cake">Madeira cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madeleine_(cake)" title="Madeleine (cake)">Madeleine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mantecada" title="Mantecada">Mantecada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marry_girl_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Marry girl cake">Marry girl cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mis%C3%A9rable_cake" title="Misérable cake">Misérable cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_cake" title="Opera cake">Opera cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandan_cake" title="Pandan cake">Pandan cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paper_wrapped_cake" title="Paper wrapped cake">Paper wrapped cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pionono" title="Pionono">Pionono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_velvet_cake" title="Red velvet cake">Red velvet cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_cake" title="Rum cake">Rum cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shortcake" title="Shortcake">Shortcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spice_cake" title="Spice cake">Spice cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_roll" title="Swiss roll">Swiss roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tres_leches_cake" title="Tres leches cake">Tres leches cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upside-down_cake" title="Upside-down cake">Upside-down cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sponge_cake#Victoria_sponge" title="Sponge cake">Victoria sponge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Foam_cake" title="Foam cake">Foam cakes</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Meringue" title="Meringue">meringue</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Angel_food_cake" title="Angel food cake">Angel food cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brazo_de_Mercedes" title="Brazo de Mercedes">Brazo de Mercedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiffon_cake" title="Chiffon cake">Chiffon cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dacquoise" title="Dacquoise">Dacquoise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyiv_cake" title="Kyiv cake">Kyiv cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mam%C3%B3n" title="Mamón">Mamón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mango_cake" title="Mango cake">Mango cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlova_(cake)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavlova (cake)">Pavlova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sans_rival" title="Sans rival">Sans rival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanische_Windtorte" title="Spanische Windtorte">Spanische Windtorte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ube_cake" title="Ube cake">Ube cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yema_cake" title="Yema cake">Yema cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zuger_Kirschtorte" title="Zuger Kirschtorte">Zuger Kirschtorte</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yeast cakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banbury_cake" title="Banbury cake">Banbury cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlingozzo" title="Berlingozzo">Berlingozzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bienenstich" title="Bienenstich">Bienenstich</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breudher" title="Breudher">Breudher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cacavellu" title="Cacavellu">Cacavellu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campanile_(cake)" title="Campanile (cake)">Campanile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canestru" title="Canestru">Canestru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chorley_cake" title="Chorley cake">Chorley cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cozonac" title="Cozonac">Cozonac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Date_and_walnut_loaf" title="Date and walnut loaf">Date and walnut loaf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Easter_bread" title="Easter bread">Easter bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flies%27_graveyard" title="Flies' graveyard">Flies' graveyard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gugelhupf" title="Gugelhupf">Gugelhupf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inuliata" title="Inuliata">Inuliata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_sweet_bread" title="Portuguese sweet bread">Portuguese sweet bread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandoro" title="Pandoro">Pandoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rum_baba" title="Rum baba">Rum baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streuselkuchen" title="Streuselkuchen">Streuselkuchen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Special<br />occasions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Birthday_cake" title="Birthday cake">Birthday cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buccellato" title="Buccellato">Buccellato</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_cake" title="Christmas cake">Christmas cake</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Yule_log_(cake)" title="Yule log (cake)">Bûche de Noël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_de_Pascua" title="Pan de Pascua">Pan de Pascua</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groom%27s_cake" title="Groom's cake">Groom's cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halloween_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Halloween cake">Halloween cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_cake" title="King cake">King cake</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Rosca_de_reyes" class="mw-redirect" title="Rosca de reyes">Rosca de reyes</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kransekake" class="mw-redirect" title="Kransekake">Kransekake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lekach" title="Lekach">Lekach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Love_cake" title="Love cake">Love cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marry_girl_cake" class="mw-redirect" title="Marry girl cake">Marry girl cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mooncake" title="Mooncake">Mooncake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasc%C4%83" class="mw-redirect" title="Pască">Pască</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_out_cake" title="Pop out cake">Pop out cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simnel_cake" title="Simnel cake">Simnel cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul_cake" title="Soul cake">Soul cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stack_cake" title="Stack cake">Stack cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stollen" title="Stollen">Stollen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strenna_(cake)" title="Strenna (cake)">Strenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wedding_cake" title="Wedding cake">Wedding cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Basbousa" title="Basbousa">Basbousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beer_cake" title="Beer cake">Beer cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Better_than_sex_cake" title="Better than sex cake">Better than sex cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bizcocho" title="Bizcocho">Bizcocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bulla_cake" title="Bulla cake">Bulla cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cake_balls" title="Cake balls">Cake balls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cake_pop" title="Cake pop">Cake pop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carrot_cake" title="Carrot cake">Carrot cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coffee_cake_(American)" title="Coffee cake (American)">Coffee cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupcake" title="Cupcake">Cupcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingerbread" title="Gingerbread">Gingerbread</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingerbread_man" title="Gingerbread man">man</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_cake" title="Heavy cake">Heavy cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_cream_cake" title="Ice cream cake">Ice cream cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ispanakl%C4%B1_kek" class="mw-redirect" title="Ispanaklı kek">Ispanaklı kek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kue" title="Kue">Kue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuih" title="Kuih">Kuih</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lolly_cake" title="Lolly cake">Lolly cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_cake" title="Louise cake">Louise cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man%C3%A9_pelado" title="Mané pelado">Mané pelado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marble_cake" title="Marble cake">Marble cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonnette_(dessert)" title="Nonnette (dessert)">Nonnette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ontbijtkoek" title="Ontbijtkoek">Ontbijtkoek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pain_d%27%C3%A9pices" title="Pain d'épices">Pain d'épices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pancake" title="Pancake">Pancake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parkin_(cake)" title="Parkin (cake)">Parkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parrozzo" title="Parrozzo">Parrozzo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petit_four" title="Petit four">Petit four</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punschkrapfen" title="Punschkrapfen">Punschkrapfen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_cake" title="Rice cake">Rice cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruske_kape" title="Ruske kape">Ruske kape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souffl%C3%A9" title="Soufflé">Soufflé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sugee_cake" title="Sugee cake">Sugee cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweetheart_cake" title="Sweetheart cake">Sweetheart cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teacake" title="Teacake">Teacake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiramisu" title="Tiramisu">Tiramisu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Watergate_cake" title="Watergate cake">Watergate cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_cake" title="Welsh cake">Welsh cake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Foodlogo2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/16px-Foodlogo2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/24px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Foodlogo2.svg/32px-Foodlogo2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="146" data-file-height="106" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Food" title="Portal:Food">Food portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cakes" title="Category:Cakes">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Christmas" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Christmas" title="Template:Christmas"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Christmas" title="Template talk:Christmas"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Christmas" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Christmas"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Christmas" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Christmas" title="Christmas"><span style="color:white">Christmas</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Christmas_(holiday)" title="Blue Christmas (holiday)"><span style="color:white">Blue Christmas</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boxing_Day" title="Boxing Day"><span style="color:white">Boxing Day</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Day" title="Children's Day"><span style="color:white">Children's Day</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Eve" title="Christmas Eve"><span style="color:white">Christmas Eve</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas_Day" title="Saint Nicholas Day"><span style="color:white">Saint Nicholas Day</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Stephen%27s_Day" title="Saint Stephen's Day"><span style="color:white">St. Stephen's Day</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sol_Invictus" title="Sol Invictus"><span style="color:white">Sol Invictus</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule" title="Yule"><span style="color:white">Yule</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%">In<br />Christianity</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biblical_Magi" title="Biblical Magi">Biblical Magi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Magi" title="Adoration of the Magi">Adoration of the Magi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adoration_of_the_Shepherds" title="Adoration of the Shepherds">Adoration of the Shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advent" title="Advent">Advent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel" title="Gabriel">Angel Gabriel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation" title="Annunciation">Annunciation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annunciation_to_the_shepherds" title="Annunciation to the shepherds">Annunciation to the shepherds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_of_the_Lord" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptism of the Lord">Baptism of the Lord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmastide" title="Christmastide">Christmastide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Epiphany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herod_the_Great" title="Herod the Great">Herod the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus" title="Jesus">Jesus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Joseph" title="Saint Joseph">Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary,_mother_of_Jesus" title="Mary, mother of Jesus">Mary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massacre_of_the_Innocents" title="Massacre of the Innocents">Massacre of the Innocents</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flight_into_Egypt" title="Flight into Egypt">flight into Egypt</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_Fast" title="Nativity Fast">Nativity Fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus" title="Nativity of Jesus">Nativity of Jesus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus_in_art" title="Nativity of Jesus in art">in art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus_in_later_culture" title="Nativity of Jesus in later culture">in later culture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nativity_scene" title="Nativity scene">Nativity scene</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neapolitan_nativity_scene" title="Neapolitan nativity scene">Neapolitan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_of_Bethlehem" title="Star of Bethlehem">Star of Bethlehem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelfth_Night_(holiday)" title="Twelfth Night (holiday)">Twelfth Night</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">In <a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore"><span style="color:white">folklore</span></a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badalisc" title="Badalisc">Badalisc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caganer" title="Caganer">Caganer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christkind" title="Christkind">Christkind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%BDla" title="Grýla">Grýla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Frost" title="Jack Frost">Jack Frost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korvatunturi" title="Korvatunturi">Korvatunturi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kallikantzaros" title="Kallikantzaros">Kallikantzaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend_of_the_Christmas_Spider" title="Legend of the Christmas Spider">Legend of the Christmas Spider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mari_Lwyd" title="Mari Lwyd">Mari Lwyd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miner%27s_figure" title="Miner's figure">Miner's figure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisse_(folklore)" title="Nisse (folklore)">Nisse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Pole" title="North Pole">North Pole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_Man_Winter" title="Old Man Winter">Old Man Winter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perchta" title="Perchta">Perchta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa%27s_workshop" title="Santa's workshop">Santa's workshop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ti%C3%B3_de_Nadal" title="Tió de Nadal">Tió de Nadal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turo%C5%84" title="Turoń">Turoń</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vertep" title="Vertep">Vertep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenceslaus_I,_Duke_of_Bohemia" title="Wenceslaus I, Duke of Bohemia">Wenceslaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_cat" title="Yule cat">Yule cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_Lads" class="mw-redirect" title="Yule Lads">Yule Lads</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_gift-bringer" title="Christmas gift-bringer"><span style="color:white">Gift-bringers</span></a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas" title="Saint Nicholas">Saint Nicholas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Nicholas_(European_folklore)" title="Saint Nicholas (European folklore)">folklore</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus" title="Santa Claus">Santa Claus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Befana" title="Befana">Befana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ded_Moroz" title="Ded Moroz">Ded Moroz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Father_Christmas" title="Father Christmas">Father Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandpa_Indian" title="Grandpa Indian">Grandpa Indian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joulupukki" title="Joulupukki">Joulupukki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julemanden" title="Julemanden">Julemanden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noel_Baba" title="Noel Baba">Noel Baba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olentzero" title="Olentzero">Olentzero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_No%C3%ABl" title="Père Noël">Père Noël</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinterklaas" title="Sinterklaas">Sinterklaas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_and_winter_gift-bringers" title="List of Christmas and winter gift-bringers">Others</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Companions_of_Saint_Nicholas" title="Companions of Saint Nicholas"><span style="color:white">Companions of<br />Saint Nicholas</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belsnickel" title="Belsnickel">Belsnickel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_elf" title="Christmas elf">Elves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Knecht_Ruprecht" title="Knecht Ruprecht">Knecht Ruprecht</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krampus" title="Krampus">Krampus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._Claus" title="Mrs. Claus">Mrs. Claus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C3%A8re_Fouettard" title="Père Fouettard">Père Fouettard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sack_Man" title="Sack Man">Sack Man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus%27_daughter" title="Santa Claus' daughter">Santa Claus' daughter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus%27s_reindeer" title="Santa Claus's reindeer">Santa's reindeer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rudolph_the_Red-Nosed_Reindeer" title="Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer">Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snegurochka" title="Snegurochka">Snegurochka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zwarte_Piet" title="Zwarte Piet">Zwarte Piet</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_traditions" title="Christmas traditions"><span style="color:white">Traditions</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent_calendar" title="Advent calendar">Advent calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advent_candle" title="Advent candle">Advent candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Advent_wreath" title="Advent wreath">Advent wreath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boar%27s_Head_Feast" title="Boar's Head Feast">Boar's Head Feast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwibbogen" title="Schwibbogen">Candle arches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_card" title="Christmas card">Cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carols_by_Candlelight" title="Carols by Candlelight">Carols by Candlelight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cavalcade_of_Magi" title="Cavalcade of Magi">Cavalcade of Magi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christingle" title="Christingle">Christingle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_jumper" title="Christmas jumper">Christmas jumper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Peace" title="Christmas Peace">Christmas Peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_cracker" title="Christmas cracker">Crackers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_decoration" title="Christmas decoration">Decorations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Didukh" title="Didukh">Didukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas_events_and_celebrations" title="Category:Christmas events and celebrations">Events and celebrations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Seven_Fishes" title="Feast of the Seven Fishes">Feast of the Seven Fishes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flying_Santa" title="Flying Santa">Flying Santa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_gift" title="Christmas gift">Gifts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Santa_Tracker" title="Google Santa Tracker">Google Santa Tracker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamper#Christmas_hamper" title="Hamper">Hampers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Posadas" title="Las Posadas">Las Posadas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Round-robin_letter" title="Round-robin letter">Letters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_lights" title="Christmas lights">Lights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord_of_Misrule" title="Lord of Misrule">Lord of Misrule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_market" title="Christmas market">Markets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas_meals_and_feasts" title="Category:Christmas meals and feasts">Meals and feasts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Mass" title="Midnight Mass">Midnight Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moravian_star" title="Moravian star">Moravian star</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_Lessons_and_Carols" title="Nine Lessons and Carols">Nine Lessons and Carols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NORAD_Tracks_Santa" title="NORAD Tracks Santa">NORAD Tracks Santa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nutcracker" title="Nutcracker">Nutcrackers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nutcracker_doll" title="Nutcracker doll">dolls</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_ornament" title="Christmas ornament">Ornaments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus_parade" title="Santa Claus parade">Parades</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_and_holiday_season_parades" title="List of Christmas and holiday season parades">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pi%C3%B1ata" title="Piñata">Piñatas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poinsettia" title="Poinsettia">Poinsettia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_pyramid" title="Christmas pyramid">Pyramids</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A4uchermann" title="Räuchermann">Räuchermann</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_seal" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas seal">Seals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secret_Santa" title="Secret Santa">Secret Santa</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Spanbaum" title="Spanbaum">Spanbaum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w_szopka" title="Kraków szopka">Szopka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_stamp" title="Christmas stamp">Stamps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_stocking" title="Christmas stocking">Stockings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree" title="Christmas tree">Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve_Days_of_Christmas" title="Twelve Days of Christmas">Twelve Days</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wassailing" title="Wassailing">Wassailing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_window" title="Christmas window">Windows</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_goat" title="Yule goat">Yule goat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_log" title="Yule log">Yule log</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Observance_of_Christmas_by_country" title="Observance of Christmas by country"><span style="color:white">By country</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Australia" title="Christmas in Australia">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Colombia" title="Christmas in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_and_Christmas_in_Denmark" title="Yule and Christmas in Denmark">Denmark</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas_in_England" title="Category:Christmas in England">England</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Christmas" title="Ethiopian Christmas">Ethiopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Finland" title="Christmas in Finland">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_France" title="Christmas in France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Weihnachten" title="Weihnachten">Germany</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Nazi_Germany" title="Christmas in Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Hungary" title="Christmas in Hungary">Hungary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Iceland" title="Christmas in Iceland">Iceland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Indonesia" title="Christmas in Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Ireland" title="Christmas in Ireland">Ireland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Italy" title="Christmas in Italy">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Mexico" title="Christmas in Mexico">Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_New_Zealand" title="Christmas in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Norway" title="Christmas in Norway">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_the_Philippines" title="Christmas in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Poland" title="Christmas in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Romania" title="Christmas in Romania">Romania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Russia" title="Christmas in Russia">Russia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Scotland" title="Christmas in Scotland">Scotland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Serbia" title="Christmas in Serbia">Serbia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Sweden" title="Christmas in Sweden">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Ukraine" title="Christmas in Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Christmas_in_the_United_States" title="Category:Christmas in the United States">United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="Christmas in the American Civil War">American Civil War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_Hawaii" title="Christmas in Hawaii">Hawaii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_New_Mexico" title="Christmas in New Mexico">New Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christmas_in_the_United_States_(1946%E2%80%931964)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Christmas in the United States (1946–1964) (page does not exist)">Post-War United States</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_music" title="Christmas music"><span style="color:white">Music</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_carol" title="Christmas carol">Carols</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_carols" title="List of Christmas carols">list</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_operas" title="List of Christmas operas">Operas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_music#Popular_Christmas_songs" title="Christmas music">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_hit_singles_in_the_United_Kingdom" title="List of Christmas hit singles in the United Kingdom">Hit singles in the UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_popular_Christmas_singles_in_the_United_States" title="List of popular Christmas singles in the United States">Hit singles in the US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_Christmas_Holiday_charts" title="Billboard Christmas Holiday charts">Music charts (<i>Billboard</i>)</a></li> <li>Music books <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Carols_for_Choirs" title="Carols for Choirs">Carols for Choirs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Book_of_Carols" title="The Oxford Book of Carols">The Oxford Book of Carols</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Oxford_Book_of_Carols" title="The New Oxford Book of Carols">The New Oxford Book of Carols</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Piae_Cantiones" title="Piae Cantiones">Piae Cantiones</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_by_medium" title="Christmas by medium"><span style="color:white">Other media</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_literature" class="mw-redirect" title="Christmas in literature">In literature</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_novels" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Christmas novels">novels</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Carol" title="A Christmas Carol">A Christmas Carol</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_films" title="List of Christmas films">Films (Christmas,</a> <a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus_in_film" title="Santa Claus in film">Santa,</a> <a href="/wiki/Christmas_horror" title="Christmas horror">Christmas horror</a>)</li> <li>Poetry <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Old_Santeclaus_with_Much_Delight" title="Old Santeclaus with Much Delight">Old Santeclaus with Much Delight</a>"</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/A_Visit_from_St._Nicholas" title="A Visit from St. Nicholas">A Visit from St. Nicholas</a></i></li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_in_the_Workhouse" title="Christmas Day in the Workhouse">Christmas Day in the Workhouse</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Journey_of_the_Magi" title="Journey of the Magi">Journey of the Magi</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Tomten" class="mw-redirect" title="Tomten">Tomten</a>"</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_television_specials" title="List of Christmas television specials">Christmas television specials</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Yule_Log_(TV_program)" title="Yule Log (TV program)">Yule Log</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_8_Genesis_reading" title="Apollo 8 Genesis reading">Apollo 8 Genesis reading</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%">In<br />modern<br />society</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent_Conspiracy" title="Advent Conspiracy">Advent Conspiracy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Friday_(partying)" title="Black Friday (partying)">Black Friday (partying)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Friday_(shopping)" title="Black Friday (shopping)">Black Friday (shopping)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronner%27s_Christmas_Wonderland" title="Bronner's Christmas Wonderland">Bronner's Christmas Wonderland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_and_holiday_season" title="Christmas and holiday season">Christmas and holiday season</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_club" title="Christmas club">Christmas club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_creep" title="Christmas creep">Christmas creep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Day_(Trading)_Act_2004" title="Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004">Christmas Day (Trading) Act 2004</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Institution_Christmas_Lectures" title="Royal Institution Christmas Lectures">Christmas Lectures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Mountains" title="Christmas Mountains">Christmas Mountains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_seals" title="Christmas seals">Christmas seals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_truce" title="Christmas truce">Christmas truce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_controversies" title="Christmas controversies">Controversies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyber_Monday" title="Cyber Monday">Cyber Monday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economics_of_Christmas" title="Economics of Christmas">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giving_Tuesday" class="mw-redirect" title="Giving Tuesday">Giving Tuesday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grinch" title="Grinch">Grinch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Christmas_Lottery" title="Spanish Christmas Lottery">El Gordo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jews_and_Christmas" title="Jews and Christmas">Jews and Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_July" title="Christmas in July">In July</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_in_August_(Yellowstone)" title="Christmas in August (Yellowstone)">In August</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NBA_Christmas_games" title="NBA Christmas games">NBA games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NFL_on_Christmas_Day" title="NFL on Christmas Day">NFL games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pikkujoulu" title="Pikkujoulu">Pikkujoulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SantaCon" title="SantaCon">SantaCon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa%27s_Candy_Castle" title="Santa's Candy Castle">Santa's Candy Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santa_Claus_Village" title="Santa Claus Village">Santa Claus Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebenezer_Scrooge" title="Ebenezer Scrooge">Scrooge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Small_Business_Saturday" title="Small Business Saturday">Small Business Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Saturday" title="Super Saturday">Super Saturday</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_jumper" title="Christmas jumper">Ugly sweaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virginia_O%27Hanlon" title="Virginia O'Hanlon">Virginia O'Hanlon</a> ("<a href="/wiki/Yes,_Virginia,_there_is_a_Santa_Claus" title="Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus">Yes, Virginia, there is a Santa Claus</a>")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Christmas_(weather)" title="White Christmas (weather)">White Christmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multinational_festivals_and_holidays" title="List of multinational festivals and holidays">Winter festivals</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/WWE_Tribute_to_the_Troops" title="WWE Tribute to the Troops">WWE Tribute to the Troops</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xmas" title="Xmas">Xmas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Christmas_dishes" title="List of Christmas dishes"><span style="color:white">Food and<br />drink</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em"><a href="/wiki/Christmas_dinner" title="Christmas dinner"><span style="color:white">Dinner</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joulup%C3%B6yt%C3%A4" title="Joulupöytä">Joulupöytä</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julebord" title="Julebord">Julebord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C5%AB%C4%8Dios" title="Kūčios">Kūčios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9veillon" title="Réveillon">Réveillon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirteen_desserts" title="Thirteen desserts">Thirteen desserts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twelve-dish_Christmas_Eve_supper" title="Twelve-dish Christmas Eve supper">Twelve-dish supper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sm%C3%B6rg%C3%A5sbord" class="mw-redirect" title="Smörgåsbord">Smörgåsbord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigilia" title="Wigilia">Wigilia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Sweets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baked_Alaska" title="Baked Alaska">Baked Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candy_cane" title="Candy cane">Candy cane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_cake" title="Christmas cake">Cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_cookie" title="Christmas cookie">Cookie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cozonac" title="Cozonac">Cozonac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fruitcake" title="Fruitcake">Fruitcake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gingerbread" title="Gingerbread">Gingerbread</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kutia" title="Kutia">Kutia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mak%C3%B3wki" title="Makówki">Makówki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melomakarono" title="Melomakarono">Melomakarono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mince_pie" title="Mince pie">Mince pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pampushka" title="Pampushka">Pampushka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panettone" title="Panettone">Panettone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavlova_(cake)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pavlova (cake)">Pavlova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pecan_pie" title="Pecan pie">Pecan pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poppy_seed_roll" title="Poppy seed roll">Poppy seed roll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_pudding" title="Christmas pudding">Pudding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pumpkin_pie" title="Pumpkin pie">Pumpkin pie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qurabiya" title="Qurabiya">Qurabiya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_velvet_cake" title="Red velvet cake">Red velvet cake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stollen" title="Stollen">Stollen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Szaloncukor" title="Szaloncukor">Szaloncukor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turr%C3%B3n" title="Turrón">Turrón</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yule_log_(cake)" title="Yule log (cake)">Yule log</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Soup</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Menudo_(soup)" title="Menudo (soup)">Menudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borscht" title="Borscht">Borscht</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Sauces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bread_sauce" title="Bread sauce">Bread sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cranberry_sauce" title="Cranberry sauce">Cranberry sauce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redcurrant_sauce" title="Redcurrant sauce">Redcurrant sauce</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Beverages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apple_cider" title="Apple cider">Apple cider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Champurrado" title="Champurrado">Champurrado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eggnog" title="Eggnog">Eggnog</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hot_chocolate" title="Hot chocolate">Hot chocolate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kissel" title="Kissel">Kissel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulled_wine" title="Mulled wine">Mulled wine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Smoking_Bishop" class="mw-redirect" title="Smoking Bishop">Smoking Bishop</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponche_crema" title="Ponche crema">Ponche crema</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Snowball_(cocktail)" title="Snowball (cocktail)">Snowball</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Dumplings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hallaca" title="Hallaca">Hallaca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierogi" title="Pierogi">Pierogi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamale" title="Tamale">Tamale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varenyky" class="mw-redirect" title="Varenyky">Varenyky</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white;width:6.5em">Meat and fish</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carp" title="Carp">Carp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gefilte_fish" title="Gefilte fish">Gefilte fish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmas_ham" title="Christmas ham">Ham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pickled_herring" title="Pickled herring">Pickled herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roast_goose" title="Roast goose">Roast goose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romeritos" title="Romeritos">Romeritos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuffing" title="Stuffing">Stuffing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourti%C3%A8re" title="Tourtière">Tourtière</a> (<a href="/wiki/Meat_pie" title="Meat pie">meat pie</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkey_meat" title="Turkey meat">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#CE1D20; color:white"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" 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