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href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensura_(hudba)" title="Mensura (hudba) – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mensura (hudba)" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensur_(Musik)" title="Mensur (Musik) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mensur (Musik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezuro_(muzikinstrumento)" title="Mezuro (muzikinstrumento) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mezuro (muzikinstrumento)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diapason_(lutherie)" title="Diapason (lutherie) – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Diapason (lutherie)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensuer" title="Mensuer – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mensuer" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%A6%D5%B8%D6%82%D6%80%D5%A1" title="Մենզուրա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մենզուրա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мензура – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мензура" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensuur_(snaarinstrument)" title="Mensuur (snaarinstrument) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mensuur (snaarinstrument)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensur_(musikk)" title="Mensur (musikk) – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mensur (musikk)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B7%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B0" title="Мензура – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мензура" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensuuri" title="Mensuuri – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mensuuri" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mensur_(musikinstrument)" title="Mensur (musikinstrument) – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mensur (musikinstrument)" data-language-autonym="Svenska" 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searchaux" style="display:none">Measurement of a string instrument</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the musical (rather than instrumental) scale, see <a href="/wiki/Pythagorean_tuning" title="Pythagorean tuning">Pythagorean tuning</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Scale_length_(string_instruments)" title="Special:EditPage/Scale length (string instruments)">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Scale+length%22+string+instruments">"Scale length" string instruments</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Scale+length%22+string+instruments+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Scale+length%22+string+instruments&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Scale+length%22+string+instruments+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Scale+length%22+string+instruments">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Scale+length%22+string+instruments&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>scale length</b> of a <a href="/wiki/String_instrument" title="String instrument">string instrument</a> is the maximum vibrating <a href="/wiki/Length" title="Length">length</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Strings_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Strings (music)">strings</a> that produce <a href="/wiki/Sound" title="Sound">sound</a>, and determines the range of tones that string can produce at a given tension. It is also called <b>string length</b>. On instruments in which strings are not "stopped" (typically by <a href="/wiki/Frets" class="mw-redirect" title="Frets">frets</a> or the player's fingers) or divided in length (such as in the <a href="/wiki/Piano" title="Piano">piano</a>), it is the actual length of string between the <a href="/wiki/Nut_(instrumental)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nut (instrumental)">nut</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Bridge_(instrument)" title="Bridge (instrument)">bridge</a>. </p><p>String instruments produce sound through the vibration of their strings. The range of tones these strings can produce is determined by three primary factors: the <a href="/wiki/Linear_density" title="Linear density">linear density</a> of the string, that is its mass per unit length (which is determined by its thickness and the density of the material), the tension placed upon it, and the instrument's scale length. </p><p>Generally, a string instrument has all strings approximately the same length, so the scale length can be expressed as a single measurement, e.g., the <a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">violin</a> and most <a href="/wiki/Guitar" title="Guitar">guitars</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bowed_strings">Bowed strings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Bowed strings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Violin_family">Violin family</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Violin family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The two most famous violin makers, <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Stradivari" title="Antonio Stradivari">Antonio Stradivari</a> (1644–1737) and <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Guarneri_del_Ges%C3%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Giuseppe Guarneri del Gesù">Giuseppe Guarneri del Gesù</a> (1698–1744), both used an open string length of 12.8 inches (330 mm) for their <a href="/wiki/Violin" title="Violin">violins</a>, which had already been established a generation before by <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Stainer" title="Jacob Stainer">Jacob Stainer</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1617</span>–1683). Later makers have been unwilling to deviate from this. (There was variance in scale length in the earliest violins, and almost all of those in current use have had the necks replaced, with the original scroll grafted, so statements of consistent scale length during that time is somewhat speculative.) </p><p>Smaller scale instruments are used extensively to teach younger players. The size of these is described by a "conventional" fraction that has no mathematical significance. For example, a 7/8 violin has a scale of about 317 mm, a 3/4-size instrument a scale of 307 mm, a half-size one 287 mm, and a quarter-size one 267 mm. 1/8, 1/10, 1/16 and 1/32 and even 1/64 violins also exist, becoming progressively smaller, but again in no proportional relationship. (A full-size instrument is described as 4/4.) </p><p><a href="/wiki/Cello" title="Cello">Cellos</a> exist in a smaller range of sizes than violins, with 4/4, 3/4, 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, and 1/10 being reasonably common. As with the violin, the Stradivarius scale is regarded as standard for orchestral work; This is about 27.4 inches (700 mm). </p><p><a href="/wiki/Viola" title="Viola">Violas</a> are commonly described in terms of their body length rather than by a fraction. There are two reasons for this. First, unlike that of the violin and the cello, the viola scale length has not standardised, but rather advanced players use whatever scale length best suits them. Secondly, student sizes are not as often required, as most viola players who start learning at a young age start on the violin. Common sizes include 17 inches (430 mm), <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">16<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> inches (420 mm), 16 inches (410 mm), <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027" /><span class="frac">15<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">2</span></span> inches (390 mm), 15 inches (380 mm), 14 inches (360 mm), and less commonly 12 inches (300 mm), smaller than a standard violin; These measurements are nominal and approximate. At least one of the surviving Stradivarius violas has a scale length of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027" /><span class="frac">14<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> inches (360 mm). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Double_bass">Double bass</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Double bass"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There is some variation in the scale length of an orchestral <a href="/wiki/Double_bass" title="Double bass">double bass</a>, generally in the range 41.3–43.3 inches (1,050–1,100 mm). There are also smaller versions of this "full scale" double bass with the same scale length but with a smaller sound box, intended for other musical idioms. Smaller scale instruments are also quite commonly used by fully-grown players in jazz, folk music and similar ensembles. </p><p>The system of <i>conventional</i> fractions is taken to its logical conclusion with string bass sizes, in that a full-size (4/4) bass is uncommon. Most basses are 3/4 or 7/8, and younger players can use 1/2 or even 1/4 size instruments. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Guitars">Guitars</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Guitars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classical_guitar">Classical guitar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Classical guitar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like that of the violin, the scale of the <a href="/wiki/Classical_guitar" title="Classical guitar">classical guitar</a> was standardized by the work of its most famous maker. <a href="/wiki/Antonio_De_Torres" class="mw-redirect" title="Antonio De Torres">Antonio De Torres</a> (1817–1892) used a scale length of 25.6 inches (650 mm), and later makers have followed suit. However, beginning in the mid-20th century luthiers seeking increased volume moved to a 26 inches (660 mm) scale, which is now the standard for such leading makers as Ramirez. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Steel-string_acoustic_guitar">Steel-string acoustic guitar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Steel-string acoustic guitar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Steel-string_acoustic_guitar" title="Steel-string acoustic guitar">steel-string acoustic guitar</a> typically has a scale slightly shorter than the classical instrument, the most common scales ranging between <i>short scale</i> (24 inches (610 mm)) and <i>long scale</i> (25.5 inches (650 mm)). Small travel guitars and guitars specifically designed for children can have even shorter scales. For example, a 3/4 size steel string guitar might have a scale length of 23 inches (580 mm). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Electric_guitar">Electric guitar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Electric guitar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Electric_guitar" title="Electric guitar">Electric guitars</a> reflect the range of scale lengths found with steel-string acoustics. With regard to tone, a longer scale favors "brightness" or cleaner overtones and more separated harmonics versus a shorter scale, which favors "warmth" or more muddy overtones. According to Dave Hunter's <i>Tone Manual</i> (2011), each scale length has its characteristic sound and tone, which is individual from other sounds in the tone chain: strings, pickups, pedals, amplifiers, speakers, and cabinets. </p><p>Most <a href="/wiki/Fender_Musical_Instruments_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Fender Musical Instruments Corporation">Fender</a> electric guitars, including the <a href="/wiki/Fender_Telecaster" title="Fender Telecaster">Telecaster</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fender_Stratocaster" title="Fender Stratocaster">Stratocaster</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Fender_Jazzmaster" title="Fender Jazzmaster">Jazzmaster</a>, use a scale length of 25.5 inches (650 mm). A few Fender models such as the <a href="/wiki/Fender_Jaguar" title="Fender Jaguar">Jaguar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fender_Mustang" title="Fender Mustang">Mustang</a>, which was introduced as a student model, use a scale length of 24 inches (610 mm). Fender has also built some 3/4-size student guitars with a scale length of 22.5 inches (570 mm) or shorter. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gibson_Guitar_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Gibson Guitar Corporation">Gibson</a> uses a scale length of <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027" /><span class="frac">24<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> inches (630 mm) on most of its electric guitars, including the <a href="/wiki/Gibson_ES-335" title="Gibson ES-335">ES-335</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gibson_Les_Paul" title="Gibson Les Paul">Les Paul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gibson_SG" title="Gibson SG">SG</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gibson_Flying_V" title="Gibson Flying V">Flying V</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gibson_Explorer" title="Gibson Explorer">Explorer</a>. Gibson has used other scale lengths on various models through the years. Gibson's nominal "24.75" in scale length has itself varied, sometimes measuring <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027" /><span class="frac">24<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">5</span>⁄<span class="den">8</span></span> or <span class="frac">24<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">9</span>⁄<span class="den">16</span></span> inches (625 or 624 mm) depending on the production equipment used.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As Gibson necks are not typically interchangeable, this usually goes unnoticed in practice. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bass_guitar">Bass guitar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Bass guitar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The first electric basses were <a href="/wiki/Upright_electric_bass" class="mw-redirect" title="Upright electric bass">upright electric basses</a> built in the 1930s by fitting an otherwise normal <a href="/wiki/Double_bass" title="Double bass">double bass</a> with electric pickups, and so had a scale length of about 43 in (1,100 mm). When the <a href="/wiki/Electric_bass_guitar" class="mw-redirect" title="Electric bass guitar">electric bass guitar</a> was popularized by the release in 1951 of the <a href="/wiki/Fender_Precision_Bass" title="Fender Precision Bass">Fender Precision Bass</a>, its shorter scale length of 34 in (860 mm) was established as the standard scale length for a <a href="/wiki/Bass_guitar" title="Bass guitar">bass guitar</a>. An instrument with a scale of 30 in (760 mm) or less is considered "short scale". A "medium scale" of 32 in (810 mm), halfway between the two, also exists, but is less common. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lap_steel_guitar">Lap steel guitar</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Lap steel guitar"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lap_steel_guitar" title="Lap steel guitar">Lap steel guitar</a>: (six-string electric) 22.5 to 23.25 inches (572 to 591 mm).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_chordophones">Other chordophones</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Other chordophones"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mandolin_family">Mandolin family</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Mandolin family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mandolin" title="Mandolin">Mandolin</a>: 13–14 inches (330–360 mm). Classical bowlback mandolins are often 13 in. (same as violin), Gibson mandolins (and many others that follow Gibson) are 13.875 in. Some manufacturers, such as Weber, use 14 in.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandola" title="Mandola">Mandola</a>: 16.5 inches (420 mm)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octave_mandolin" title="Octave mandolin">Octave mandolin</a>: 22.75 inches (578 mm)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandocello" title="Mandocello">Mandocello</a> 27 inches (690 mm)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ukulele">Ukulele</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Ukulele"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Soprano <a href="/wiki/Ukulele" title="Ukulele">ukulele</a>: 13.6 inches (350 mm)</li> <li>Concert ukulele: 14.75 inches (375 mm)</li> <li>Tenor ukulele: 17 inches (430 mm)</li> <li>Baritone ukulele: 20.1 inches (510 mm)</li> <li>Contrabass ukulele: 20–21 inches (510–530 mm)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Banjo">Banjo</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Banjo"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banjo" title="Banjo">Banjo</a>: (five-string standard and four-string plectrum) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027" /><span class="frac">26<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> inches (670 mm)</li> <li>Tenor banjo (19 fret) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027" /><span class="frac">22<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> inches (570 mm)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Piano">Piano</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Piano"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">June 2008</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Piano_acoustics" title="Piano acoustics">Piano acoustics</a></div> <p>The scale length of a piano is the length of the longest string. As this is normally the lowest bass note, it is a single string. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grand_piano">Grand piano</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Grand piano"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Concert grand</i> pianos range in scale from about 7 feet 6 inches to 9 feet 0 inches (229 to 274 cm) or occasionally more. Notable concert grands include: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Steinway_%26_Sons" title="Steinway & Sons">Steinway</a> <a href="/wiki/Steinway_D-274" title="Steinway D-274">Model D</a>, at <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027" />8 feet <span class="frac">11<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">3</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> inches (273.7 cm).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Imperial_B%C3%B6sendorfer_(piano)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Bösendorfer (piano)">Imperial Bösendorfer</a>, at 9 feet 6 inches (290 cm) with 97 keys.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Fazioli" title="Fazioli">Fazioli</a> F308 at 10 feet 2 inches (310 cm).</li></ul> <p>Smaller grand pianos vary in naming. The larger models, about 6 feet (180 cm) or more in scale length, may have the full grand piano action, and are used in smaller concert spaces. Others are intended for larger homes, and may have a simplified action lacking the repeat lever that is only useful for advanced players. </p><p><b>Baby grand</b> pianos are the smallest, intended for homes, restaurants and similar applications where the grand style of piano is desired even at the expense of the longer scale and better sound that an upright format would permit in the available space. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fingerboard" title="Fingerboard">Fingerboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multi-scale_fingerboard" title="Multi-scale fingerboard">Multi-scale fingerboard</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stewmac.com/How-To/Online_Resources/Learn_About_Guitar_and_Instrument_Fretting_and_Fretw/Scale_Length_Explained.html">"- StewMac"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=-+StewMac&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stewmac.com%2FHow-To%2FOnline_Resources%2FLearn_About_Guitar_and_Instrument_Fretting_and_Fretw%2FScale_Length_Explained.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScale+length+%28string+instruments%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bb.steelguitarforum.com/viewtopic.php?t=389833">"Lap Steel Scale Length"</a>. <i>The Steel Guitar Forum</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Steel+Guitar+Forum&rft.atitle=Lap+Steel+Scale+Length&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbb.steelguitarforum.com%2Fviewtopic.php%3Ft%3D389833&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScale+length+%28string+instruments%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bassuke.com/U-Bass.html">"U-Bass Information Page"</a>. <i>Road Toad Music</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2021</span>. <q>The original Mahogany U-Bass was based on the Road Toad Big Bufo Bass.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Road+Toad+Music&rft.atitle=U-Bass+Information+Page&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bassuke.com%2FU-Bass.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScale+length+%28string+instruments%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLiebman2015" class="citation web cs1">Liebman, Jon (January 7, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forbassplayersonly.com/news-features-the-story-behind-the-kala-u-bass/">"The Story Behind the Kala U-BASS"</a>. <i>For Bass Players Only</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210225012448/https://forbassplayersonly.com/news-features-the-story-behind-the-kala-u-bass/">Archived</a> from the original on February 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 April</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=For+Bass+Players+Only&rft.atitle=The+Story+Behind+the+Kala+U-BASS&rft.date=2015-01-07&rft.aulast=Liebman&rft.aufirst=Jon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforbassplayersonly.com%2Fnews-features-the-story-behind-the-kala-u-bass%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AScale+length+%28string+instruments%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.liutaiomottola.com/formulae/scale.htm">"Lutherie Info – Measuring Scale Length of Stringed Instruments"</a> by R.M. Mottola, on the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.liutaiomottola.com">Liutaio Mottola Lutherie Information Website</a>.</li> <li>"Fender's 3/4 Scale Guitars", a two-part article by Tim Pershing in <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=20th_Century_Guitar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="20th Century Guitar (page does not exist)">20th Century Guitar</a></i> magazine, December 1996 and January 1997.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scale_length_(string_instruments)&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elderly.com/books/611.htm">Instrument plans index</a> gives some scale lengths.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.12fret.com/content/2011/07/11/scale-lengths/">scale lengths</a> - discussion of the effect of scale length.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sweetwater.com/insync/bass-guitar-buying-guide/">Bass guitar buying guide</a> discusses scale length.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.provide.net/~cfh/index.html">Vintage guitars</a> with dimensions.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.contrabass.co.uk/cstopquality.htm">Listing of some orchestral basses</a> giving both body and scale lengths.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://realguitarsolo.com">Real Guitar Solo</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bassuke.com/U-Bass.html">Road Toad Music's UBass Page</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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wave">Longitudinal wave</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long-string_instrument" title="Long-string instrument">Long-string instrument</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melde%27s_experiment" title="Melde's experiment">Melde's experiment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mersenne%27s_laws" title="Mersenne's laws">Mersenne's laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monochord" title="Monochord">Monochord</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Music_On_A_Long_Thin_Wire" title="Music On A Long Thin Wire">Music On A Long Thin Wire</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Node_(physics)" title="Node (physics)">Node</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nut_(string_instrument)" title="Nut (string instrument)">Nut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reentrant_tuning" title="Reentrant tuning">Re-entry</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Scale length</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_board_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sound board (music)">Soundboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standing_wave" title="Standing wave">Standing wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_vibration" title="String vibration">String vibration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transverse_wave" title="Transverse wave">Transverse wave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuning_mechanisms_for_stringed_instruments" title="Tuning mechanisms for stringed instruments">Tuning peg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Monochord" title="Monochord">Monochords</a> and<br /> <a href="/wiki/Musical_bow" title="Musical bow">musical bows</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahardin" title="Ahardin">Ahardin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berimbau" title="Berimbau">Berimbau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bladder_fiddle" title="Bladder fiddle">Bladder fiddle</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boom-ba" class="mw-redirect" title="Boom-ba">Boom-ba</a></li></ul></li> <li><a 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