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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Human crush in Valletta, British Malta</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><caption class="infobox-title summary">Carnival tragedy of 1823</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom:#aaa solid 1px"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Ta_Giezu_Church_14.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ta_Giezu_Church_14.jpg/240px-Ta_Giezu_Church_14.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ta_Giezu_Church_14.jpg/360px-Ta_Giezu_Church_14.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Ta_Giezu_Church_14.jpg/480px-Ta_Giezu_Church_14.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1936" data-file-height="2592" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The corridor with stairs where the incident took place, photographed in 2017</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Date</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">11 February 1823</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Time</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">18:30</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data location" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta" title="Crown Colony of Malta">Crown Colony of Malta</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Carnival_tragedy_of_1823&params=35_53_47_N_14_30_48_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">35°53′47″N</span> <span class="longitude">14°30′48″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">35.89639°N 14.51333°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">35.89639; 14.51333</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Human_crush" class="mw-redirect" title="Human crush">Human crush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Deaths</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 110</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Charges</th><td class="infobox-data" style="text-align: left;">None</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Carnival tragedy of 1823</b> was a <a href="/wiki/Human_crush" class="mw-redirect" title="Human crush">human crush</a> which occurred on 11 February 1823 at the <a href="/wiki/Franciscan_Church_of_St_Mary_of_Jesus" title="Franciscan Church of St Mary of Jesus">Convent of the Minori Osservanti</a> in <a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta" title="Crown Colony of Malta">Malta</a>. About 110 boys who had gone to the convent to receive bread on the last day of <a href="/wiki/Maltese_Carnival" title="Maltese Carnival">carnival celebrations</a> were killed after falling down a flight of steps while trying to get out of the convent. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnival_tragedy_of_1823&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta#Establishment_and_early_years_(1813–1824)" title="Crown Colony of Malta">Crown Colony of Malta § Establishment and early years (1813–1824)</a></div> <p>During the early 19th century, the <a href="/wiki/Crown_Colony_of_Malta" title="Crown Colony of Malta">Crown Colony of Malta</a> was experiencing a <a href="/wiki/Famine" title="Famine">famine</a>, and it had become a tradition to gather 8-to-15-year-old boys from the working classes of Valletta and the <a href="/wiki/Three_Cities" title="Three Cities">Three Cities</a> to participate in a <a href="/wiki/Procession" title="Procession">procession</a> during the last few days of <a href="/wiki/Maltese_Carnival" title="Maltese Carnival">carnival</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-susanna_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-susanna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-times2015-11-18_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times2015-11-18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the procession, they would attend <a href="/wiki/Catholic_mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic mass">Mass</a>, and they would be given some bread afterwards.<sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times2016-02-03-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This activity was arranged by ecclesiastical directors who taught <a href="/wiki/Catechism" title="Catechism">catechism</a>, and its main aim was to keep children out of the riots and confusion of carnival.<sup id="cite_ref-susanna_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-susanna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bond_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bond-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lanfranco_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lanfranco-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This activity was organized on 10 February 1823, when children attended mass at <a href="/wiki/Floriana" title="Floriana">Floriana</a> and then went to the <a href="/wiki/Franciscan_Church_of_St_Mary_of_Jesus" title="Franciscan Church of St Mary of Jesus">Convent of the Minori Osservanti</a> (now better known as <i>ta' Ġieżu</i>) in Valletta where they were given bread.<sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times2016-02-03-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Everything went as planned, and the same procedure was planned for the following day.<sup id="cite_ref-susanna_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-susanna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times2016-02-03-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Disaster">Disaster</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnival_tragedy_of_1823&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Disaster"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The same procedure took place on 11 February 1823. Children were gathered and attended mass at Floriana, but the ceremony lasted an hour longer than usual.<sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times2016-02-03-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The children's procession to the convent in Valletta occurred at the same time as the carnival celebrations had ended, so they met with many people who were returning home.<sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bond_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bond-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At this point, some adults and children from the crowd mixed in with the boys in order to receive free bread which was being distributed.<sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bond_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bond-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The boys entered one of the convent's corridors from the <a href="/wiki/Vestry" title="Vestry">vestry</a> door in the church, and were to be let out through another door on St. Ursula Street. The bread was to be distributed at the latter door.<sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times2016-02-03-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although the vestry door was usually locked to prevent boys from reentering to receive more bread, this time the door was left open since the boys were late. Due to this, more men and boys entered without anyone realizing.<sup id="cite_ref-susanna_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-susanna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bond_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bond-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Those who had entered began to push the boys queuing in the corridor, who were shoved to the end of the corridor near a half-open door. At this point, a lamp went out leaving the corridor in darkness, and the people inside began to push forward even more. The boys at the front fell down a flight of steps, blocking the door in the process.<sup id="cite_ref-susanna_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-susanna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Those who were distributing the bread as well as some neighbours rushed to assist the children after they heard screams. They managed to open the doors, and many boys got out and were revived. However, a number of boys had already died due to suffocation or being trampled upon.<sup id="cite_ref-susanna_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-susanna-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-lanfranco_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lanfranco-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The exact number of casualties is not known. Records of the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Conference_Centre" title="Mediterranean Conference Centre">Sacra Infermeria</a> show that 94 bodies of boys aged between 15 and 16 were brought to the hospital on 11 February, and they were buried the following day.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, contemporary sources such as <i>The Gentleman's Magazine and Historical Chronicle</i>, and <i>Nile's Weekly Chronicle</i> record that "no less than 110 boys perished on this occasion".<sup id="cite_ref-times2015-11-18_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times2015-11-18-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aftermath">Aftermath</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnival_tragedy_of_1823&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Aftermath"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An investigation led by the <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant Governor of Malta">Lieutenant Governor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Plasket" title="Richard Plasket">Richard Plasket</a>, took place after the disaster, and a report about the findings was published a few days after the incident.<sup id="cite_ref-hezekiah_4-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times2016-02-03-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The investigation concluded that it was an unfortunate accident caused by a succession of errors, and no one was accused for the deaths of the children.<sup id="cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-times2016-02-03-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnival_tragedy_of_1823&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-susanna-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-susanna_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-susanna_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-susanna_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-susanna_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-susanna_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-susanna_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFHoe2015" class="citation book cs1">Hoe, Susanna (2015). "Valletta". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20161010130128/http://www.holobooks.co.uk/MaltaItineraryChapter17.pdf"><i>Malta: Women, History, Books and Places</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford" title="Oxford">Oxford</a>: Women's History Press (a division of Holo Books). pp. 371–372. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780957215351" title="Special:BookSources/9780957215351"><bdi>9780957215351</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/931704918">931704918</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.holobooks.co.uk/MaltaItineraryChapter17.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 10 October 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Valletta&rft.btitle=Malta%3A+Women%2C+History%2C+Books+and+Places&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=371-372&rft.pub=Women%27s+History+Press+%28a+division+of+Holo+Books%29&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F931704918&rft.isbn=9780957215351&rft.aulast=Hoe&rft.aufirst=Susanna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.holobooks.co.uk%2FMaltaItineraryChapter17.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnival+tragedy+of+1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-times2015-11-18-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-times2015-11-18_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-times2015-11-18_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160407130533/http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20151118/local/Valletta-stampede-in-1823-killed-100-children.592551">"Flashback: Valletta stampede in 1823 killed 100 children"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Times_of_Malta" title="Times of Malta">Times of Malta</a></i>. 18 November 2016. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/220797156">220797156</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20151118/local/Valletta-stampede-in-1823-killed-100-children.592551">the original</a> on 7 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=Flashback%3A+Valletta+stampede+in+1823+killed+100+children&rft.date=2016-11-18&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F220797156&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20151118%2Flocal%2FValletta-stampede-in-1823-killed-100-children.592551&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnival+tragedy+of+1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Vella, Fiona (February 3 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.um.edu.mt/library/oar/handle/123456789/119119">To die for a piece of bread</a>. Times of Malta, p.4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hezekiah-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hezekiah_4-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNiles1823" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hezekiah_Niles" title="Hezekiah Niles">Niles, Hezekiah</a>, ed. (March–September 1823). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JPQaAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA189">"Melancholy Affair. Suffocation of one hundred and ten boys. Extract of a private letter from Malta, of February 21, 1823."</a>. <i>Niles' Weekly Registrar</i>. Vol. 24. <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>: William Ogden Niles. pp. 189–190.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Melancholy+Affair.+Suffocation+of+one+hundred+and+ten+boys.+Extract+of+a+private+letter+from+Malta%2C+of+February+21%2C+1823.&rft.btitle=Niles%27+Weekly+Registrar&rft.place=Baltimore&rft.pages=189-190&rft.pub=William+Ogden+Niles&rft.date=1823-03%2F1823-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJPQaAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DPA189&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnival+tragedy+of+1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-times2016-02-03-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-times2016-02-03_5-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVella2016" class="citation news cs1">Vella, Fiona (3 February 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160719191928/http://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20160203/arts-entertainment/To-die-for-a-piece-of-bread.601049">"To die for a piece of bread"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Times_of_Malta" title="Times of Malta">Times of Malta</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/220797156">220797156</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofmalta.com/articles/view/20160203/arts-entertainment/To-die-for-a-piece-of-bread.601049">the original</a> on 19 July 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+Malta&rft.atitle=To+die+for+a+piece+of+bread&rft.date=2016-02-03&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F220797156&rft.aulast=Vella&rft.aufirst=Fiona&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesofmalta.com%2Farticles%2Fview%2F20160203%2Farts-entertainment%2FTo-die-for-a-piece-of-bread.601049&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnival+tragedy+of+1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bond-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-bond_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bond_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bond_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-bond_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBond1996" class="citation book cs1">Bond, John (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NDNVTdJA_kMC&pg=PA124"><i>The Hazards of Life and All That: A look at some accidents and safety curiosities, past and present</i></a> (3 ed.). CRC Press. pp. 124–125. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780750303606" title="Special:BookSources/9780750303606"><bdi>9780750303606</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/35001873">35001873</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230211012253/https://books.google.com/books?id=NDNVTdJA_kMC&pg=PA124">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-02-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2023-02-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Hazards+of+Life+and+All+That%3A+A+look+at+some+accidents+and+safety+curiosities%2C+past+and+present&rft.pages=124-125&rft.edition=3&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F35001873&rft.isbn=9780750303606&rft.aulast=Bond&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNDNVTdJA_kMC%26pg%3DPA124&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnival+tragedy+of+1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-lanfranco-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lanfranco_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lanfranco_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLanfranco2000" class="citation journal cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lanfranco, Guido (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160417213705/http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/L-Imnara/L-Imnara.%2006%282000%293%3D24/12s.pdf">"It-Taghlim tad-Duttrina fil-Gzejjer Maltin; Ftit ta' l-Istorja"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>L-Imnara</i> (in Maltese). <b>3</b> (24). Melita Historica: 104. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/L-Imnara/L-Imnara.%2006(2000)3=24/12s.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 17 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=L-Imnara&rft.atitle=It-Taghlim+tad-Duttrina+fil-Gzejjer+Maltin%3B+Ftit+ta%27+l-Istorja&rft.volume=3&rft.issue=24&rft.pages=104&rft.date=2000&rft.aulast=Lanfranco&rft.aufirst=Guido&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmelitensiawth.com%2Fincoming%2FIndex%2FL-Imnara%2FL-Imnara.%252006%282000%293%3D24%2F12s.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnival+tragedy+of+1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCassar1981" class="citation journal cs1">Cassar, Paul (1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160417025450/http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/Proceedings%20of%20History%20Week/PHW%201981/06s.pdf">"A note on Three Libri Mortuorum of the Holy Infirmary, the Civil Hospital of Valletta and the Central Civil Hospital of Floriana (1677–1885)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Proceedings of History Week (PHW)</i>. Melita Historica: 91. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://melitensiawth.com/incoming/Index/Proceedings%20of%20History%20Week/PHW%201981/06s.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 17 April 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+History+Week+%28PHW%29&rft.atitle=A+note+on+Three+Libri+Mortuorum+of+the+Holy+Infirmary%2C+the+Civil+Hospital+of+Valletta+and+the+Central+Civil+Hospital+of+Floriana+%281677%E2%80%931885%29&rft.pages=91&rft.date=1981&rft.aulast=Cassar&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmelitensiawth.com%2Fincoming%2FIndex%2FProceedings%2520of%2520History%2520Week%2FPHW%25201981%2F06s.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnival+tragedy+of+1823" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Carnival_tragedy_of_1823&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oCdhDp3oDUoC&pg=PA438">Malta bil chzejer tehne u li ghadda min ghaliha: It-tieni parti, Volume 2</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAttard2012" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Attard, Edward (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bdlbooks.com/crime/4068-tragedji-maltin.html"><i>Tragedji Maltin : gabra ta' tragedji li graw f'Malta jew b'rabta ma' Malta mill-1800 sal-lum</i></a> (in Maltese). Book Distributors Limited. pp. 36–45. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789995733728" title="Special:BookSources/9789995733728"><bdi>9789995733728</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/828889833">828889833</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Tragedji+Maltin+%3A+gabra+ta%27+tragedji+li+graw+f%27Malta+jew+b%27rabta+ma%27+Malta+mill-1800+sal-lum&rft.pages=36-45&rft.pub=Book+Distributors+Limited&rft.date=2012&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F828889833&rft.isbn=9789995733728&rft.aulast=Attard&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bdlbooks.com%2Fcrime%2F4068-tragedji-maltin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnival+tragedy+of+1823" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVellaGatt2018" class="citation book cs1">Vella, Fiona; Gatt, Oliver (2018). "Fatal Errors: The 1823 Carnival Tragedy, Valletta". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bdlbooks.com/art-photography/6676-bizarre-malta.html"><i>Bizarre Malta: a look beyond the obvious</i></a>. Book Distributors Limited. pp. 71–74. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-999577-333-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-999577-333-5"><bdi>978-999577-333-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fatal+Errors%3A+The+1823+Carnival+Tragedy%2C+Valletta&rft.btitle=Bizarre+Malta%3A+a+look+beyond+the+obvious&rft.pages=71-74&rft.pub=Book+Distributors+Limited&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-999577-333-5&rft.aulast=Vella&rft.aufirst=Fiona&rft.au=Gatt%2C+Oliver&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bdlbooks.com%2Fart-photography%2F6676-bizarre-malta.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACarnival+tragedy+of+1823" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Human_crushes" title="Template:Human crushes"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Human_crushes" title="Template talk:Human crushes"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Human_crushes" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Human crushes"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Crowd_collapses_and_crushes" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Crowd_collapses_and_crushes" title="Crowd collapses and crushes">Crowd collapses and crushes</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_fatal_crowd_crushes" title="List of fatal crowd crushes">List of fatal crowd crushes</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">19th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1807 <a href="/wiki/1807_Newgate_disaster" title="1807 Newgate disaster">Newgate Prison</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1823 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Valletta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1876 <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Theatre_fire" title="Brooklyn Theatre fire">Brooklyn Theatre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1883 <a href="/wiki/Victoria_Hall_disaster" title="Victoria Hall disaster">Victoria Hall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1896 <a href="/wiki/Khodynka_Tragedy" title="Khodynka Tragedy">Khodynka</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20th c.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">1902 <a href="/wiki/Shiloh_Baptist_Church_stampede" title="Shiloh Baptist Church stampede">Shiloh Baptist Church</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1903 <a href="/wiki/Iroquois_Theatre_fire" title="Iroquois Theatre fire">Iroquois Theatre</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1908 <a href="/wiki/Barnsley_Public_Hall_disaster" title="Barnsley Public Hall disaster">Barnsley Hall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1913 <a href="/wiki/Italian_Hall_disaster" title="Italian Hall disaster">Italian Hall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1927 <a href="/wiki/Laurier_Palace_Theatre_fire" title="Laurier Palace Theatre fire">Laurier Palace</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1943 <a href="/wiki/Bethnal_Green_tube_station#Wartime_disaster" title="Bethnal Green tube station">Bethnal Green</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1946 <a href="/wiki/Burnden_Park_disaster" title="Burnden Park disaster">Burnden Park</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1954 <a href="/wiki/1954_Kumbh_Mela_stampede" class="mw-redirect" title="1954 Kumbh Mela stampede">Kumbh Mela</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1964 <a href="/wiki/Estadio_Nacional_disaster" title="Estadio Nacional disaster">Estadio Nacional</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1965 <a href="/wiki/Plaza_de_toros_El_Progreso_disaster" title="Plaza de toros El Progreso disaster">El Progreso Bullring</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1967 <a href="/wiki/Kayseri_Atat%C3%BCrk_Stadium_disaster" title="Kayseri Atatürk Stadium disaster">Atatürk Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1971 <a href="/wiki/1971_Ibrox_disaster" title="1971 Ibrox disaster">Ibrox</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1974 <a href="/wiki/Zamalek_disaster" class="mw-redirect" title="Zamalek disaster">Zamalek</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1977 <a href="/wiki/Xinjiang_61st_Regiment_Farm_fire" title="Xinjiang 61st Regiment Farm fire">Xinjiang 61st Regiment Farm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1979 <a href="/wiki/The_Who_concert_disaster" title="The Who concert disaster">The Who concert</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1981 <a href="/wiki/Karaiskakis_Stadium_disaster" title="Karaiskakis Stadium disaster">Karaiskakis Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1982 <a href="/wiki/Luzhniki_disaster" title="Luzhniki disaster">Luzhniki</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1985 <a href="/wiki/Heysel_Stadium_disaster" title="Heysel Stadium disaster">Heysel Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1987 <a href="/wiki/1987_Shanghai_stampede" title="1987 Shanghai stampede">Shanghai Lujiazui</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1988 <a href="/wiki/1988_Dasharath_Stadium_disaster" title="1988 Dasharath Stadium disaster">Dasharath Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989 <a href="/wiki/April_9_tragedy" title="April 9 tragedy">Tbilisi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1989 <a href="/wiki/Hillsborough_disaster" title="Hillsborough disaster">Hillsborough</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1990 <a href="/wiki/1990_Mecca_tunnel_tragedy" title="1990 Mecca tunnel tragedy">Mecca</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1991 <a href="/wiki/Oppenheimer_Stadium_disaster" title="Oppenheimer Stadium disaster">Oppenheimer Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992 <a href="/wiki/Mahamaham_stampede" title="Mahamaham stampede">Mahamaham</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1992 <a href="/wiki/Stade_Armand-Cesari_disaster" title="Stade Armand-Cesari disaster">Bastia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1993 <a href="/wiki/Lan_Kwai_Fong#New_Years_Eve_tragedy" title="Lan Kwai Fong">Lan Kwai Fong</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994 <a href="/wiki/1994_Hajj_stampede" title="1994 Hajj stampede">Mecca</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1994 <a href="/wiki/1994_Gowari_stampede" title="1994 Gowari stampede">Gowari</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1996 <a href="/wiki/1996_Haridwar_and_Ujjain_stampedes" title="1996 Haridwar and Ujjain stampedes">Haridwar and Ujjain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1997 <a href="/wiki/Uphaar_Cinema_fire" title="Uphaar Cinema fire">Uphaar Cinema</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1998 <a href="/wiki/1998_Hajj_stampede" title="1998 Hajj stampede">Mecca</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999 <a href="/wiki/1999_Sabarimala_stampede" title="1999 Sabarimala stampede">Sabarimala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">1999 <a href="/wiki/Nyamiha_stampede" title="Nyamiha stampede">Nyamiha (Minsk)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">2000 <a href="/wiki/Throb_nightclub_disaster" title="Throb nightclub disaster">Durban</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001 <a href="/wiki/2001_Hajj_stampede" title="2001 Hajj stampede">Mecca</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001 <a href="/wiki/Ellis_Park_Stadium_disaster" title="Ellis Park Stadium disaster">Ellis Park Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001 <a href="/wiki/Accra_Sports_Stadium_disaster" title="Accra Sports Stadium disaster">Accra Sports Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2001 <a href="/wiki/Akashi_pedestrian_bridge_accident" title="Akashi pedestrian bridge accident">Akashi pedestrian bridge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003 <a href="/wiki/2003_E2_nightclub_stampede" title="2003 E2 nightclub stampede">E2 nightclub</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2003 <a href="/wiki/The_Station_nightclub_fire" title="The Station nightclub fire">The Station nightclub</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004 <a href="/wiki/2004_Hajj_stampede" title="2004 Hajj stampede">Mecca</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2004 <a href="/wiki/2004_Miyun_stampede" title="2004 Miyun stampede">Miyun</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005 <a href="/wiki/Mandher_Devi_temple_stampede" title="Mandher Devi temple stampede">Mandher Devi temple</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005 <a href="/wiki/2005_Al-Aimmah_Bridge_disaster" title="2005 Al-Aimmah Bridge disaster">Al-Aaimmah bridge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005 <a href="/wiki/2005_November_Chennai_stampede" title="2005 November Chennai stampede">Chennai (November)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2005 <a href="/wiki/2005_December_Chennai_stampede" title="2005 December Chennai stampede">Chennai (December)</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006 <a href="/wiki/2006_Hajj_stampede" title="2006 Hajj stampede">Mecca</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2006 <a href="/wiki/PhilSports_Stadium_stampede" title="PhilSports Stadium stampede">PhilSports Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008 <a href="/wiki/2008_Bandung_stampede" title="2008 Bandung stampede">Bandung</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008 <a href="/wiki/2008_Naina_Devi_temple_stampede" title="2008 Naina Devi temple stampede">Naina Devi temple</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2008 <a href="/wiki/2008_Jodhpur_stampede" title="2008 Jodhpur stampede">Jodhpur</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009 <a href="/wiki/2009_Houphou%C3%ABt-Boigny_stampede" title="2009 Houphouët-Boigny stampede">Houphouët-Boigny</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2009 <a href="/wiki/Mawazine_stampede" title="Mawazine stampede">Mawazine</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">2010 <a href="/wiki/Kor_Royal_Cup_stampede" title="Kor Royal Cup stampede">Kor Royal Cup</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010 <a href="/wiki/Pratapgarh_stampede" title="Pratapgarh stampede">Pratapgarh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010 <a href="/wiki/Love_Parade_disaster" title="Love Parade disaster">Love Parade</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2010 <a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh_stampede" title="Phnom Penh stampede">Phnom Penh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2011 <a href="/wiki/2011_Sabarimala_stampede" class="mw-redirect" title="2011 Sabarimala stampede">Sabarimala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012 <a href="/wiki/Port_Said_Stadium_riot" title="Port Said Stadium riot">Port Said Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2012 <a href="/wiki/Satsanga_Deoghar_disaster" title="Satsanga Deoghar disaster">Satsanga Deoghar</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013 <a href="/wiki/2013_Houphou%C3%ABt-Boigny_stampede" title="2013 Houphouët-Boigny stampede">Houphouët-Boigny</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013 <a href="/wiki/Kiss_nightclub_fire" title="Kiss nightclub fire">Kiss nightclub</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013 <a href="/wiki/2013_Kumbh_Mela_stampede" class="mw-redirect" title="2013 Kumbh Mela stampede">Kumbh Mela</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2013 <a href="/wiki/2013_Madhya_Pradesh_stampede" title="2013 Madhya Pradesh stampede">Madhya Pradesh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014 <a href="/wiki/2014_Mumbai_stampede" title="2014 Mumbai stampede">Mumbai</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014 <a href="/wiki/2014_Stade_Tata_Rapha%C3%ABl_disaster" title="2014 Stade Tata Raphaël disaster">Stade Tata Raphaël</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014 <a href="/wiki/2014_Patna_stampede" title="2014 Patna stampede">Patna</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014 <a href="/wiki/2014_Multan_stampede" title="2014 Multan stampede">Multan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014 <a href="/wiki/Kwekwe_stadium_stampede" title="Kwekwe stadium stampede">Kwekwe</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2014 <a href="/wiki/2014_Shanghai_stampede" title="2014 Shanghai stampede">Shanghai Bund</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015 <a href="/wiki/30_June_Stadium_stampede" title="30 June Stadium stampede">30 June Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015 <a href="/wiki/2015_Haiti_Carnival_stampede" title="2015 Haiti Carnival stampede">Haiti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015 <a href="/wiki/2015_Mina_stampede" title="2015 Mina stampede">Mina</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2015 <a href="/wiki/Colectiv_nightclub_fire" title="Colectiv nightclub fire">Colectiv nightclub</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017 <a href="/wiki/2017_Turin_stampede" title="2017 Turin stampede">Turin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2017 <a href="/wiki/2017_Mumbai_stampede" title="2017 Mumbai stampede">Mumbai</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018 <a href="/wiki/El_Para%C3%ADso_stampede" title="El Paraíso stampede">Caracas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2018 <a href="/wiki/Corinaldo_stampede" title="Corinaldo stampede">Corinaldo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019 <a href="/wiki/Antananarivo_stampede" class="mw-redirect" title="Antananarivo stampede">Antananarivo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019 <a href="/wiki/Karbala_stampede" title="Karbala stampede">Karbala</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2019 <a href="/wiki/Neutro_Shorty_concert_stampede" title="Neutro Shorty concert stampede">Caracas</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap">2020 <a href="/wiki/Funeral_of_Qasem_Soleimani" title="Funeral of Qasem Soleimani">Kerman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020 <a href="/wiki/2020_Maligawatta_stampede" title="2020 Maligawatta stampede">Maligawatta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2020 <a href="/wiki/Los_Olivos_stampede" title="Los Olivos stampede">Los Olivos</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021 <a href="/wiki/2021_Meron_crowd_crush" title="2021 Meron crowd crush">Meron</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2021 <a href="/wiki/Astroworld_Festival_crowd_crush" title="Astroworld Festival crowd crush">Astroworld Festival</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022 <a href="/wiki/Vaishno_Devi_Temple_stampede" title="Vaishno Devi Temple stampede">Vaishno Devi Temple</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022 <a href="/wiki/Yaound%C3%A9_stadium_disaster" title="Yaoundé stadium disaster">Yaoundé</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022 <a href="/wiki/2022_Port_Harcourt_stampede" title="2022 Port Harcourt stampede">Port Harcourt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022 <a href="/wiki/2022_Gelora_Bandung_Lautan_Api_stampede" title="2022 Gelora Bandung Lautan Api stampede">GBLA Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022 <a href="/wiki/Giza_church_fire" title="Giza church fire">Giza</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022 <a href="/wiki/Kanjuruhan_Stadium_disaster" title="Kanjuruhan Stadium disaster">Kanjuruhan Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2022 <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Halloween_crowd_crush" title="Seoul Halloween crowd crush">Seoul</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023 <a href="/wiki/2023_Basra_International_Stadium_stampede" title="2023 Basra International Stadium stampede">Basra International Stadium</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023 <a href="/wiki/2023_Pakistan_ration_distribution_stampedes" title="2023 Pakistan ration distribution stampedes">Pakistan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023 <a href="/wiki/Sanaa_crowd_crush" title="Sanaa crowd crush">Sanaa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023 <a href="/wiki/San_Salvador_crowd_crush" title="San Salvador crowd crush">San Salvador</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2023 <a href="/wiki/2023_Brazzaville_crowd_crush" title="2023 Brazzaville crowd crush">Brazzaville</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2024 <a href="/wiki/2024_Uttar_Pradesh_crowd_crush" class="mw-redirect" title="2024 Uttar Pradesh crowd crush">Hathras</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">2024 <a href="/wiki/2024_Mumbai_stampede" title="2024 Mumbai stampede">Mumbai</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Valletta&#124;link=Valletta_Valletta" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Valletta" title="Template:Valletta"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Valletta" title="Template talk:Valletta"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Valletta" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Valletta"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Valletta&#124;link=Valletta_Valletta" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta"><img alt="Valletta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Flag_of_Valletta%2C_Malta.svg/23px-Flag_of_Valletta%2C_Malta.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Flag_of_Valletta%2C_Malta.svg/35px-Flag_of_Valletta%2C_Malta.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Flag_of_Valletta%2C_Malta.svg/45px-Flag_of_Valletta%2C_Malta.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">History</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Design and construction (<a href="/wiki/Jean_Parisot_de_Valette" title="Jean Parisot de Valette">Jean de Valette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Laparelli" title="Francesco Laparelli">Francesco Laparelli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Cassar" title="Girolamo Cassar">Girolamo Cassar</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1634_Valletta_explosion" title="1634 Valletta explosion">Gunpowder factory explosion</a> (1634)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1749_Muslim_slave_revolt_in_Malta" class="mw-redirect" title="1749 Muslim slave revolt in Malta">Muslim slave revolt</a> (1749)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rising_of_the_Priests" title="Rising of the Priests">Rising of the Priests</a> (1775)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Malta_(1798%E2%80%931800)" title="Siege of Malta (1798–1800)">French blockade</a> (1798–1800)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Carnival stampede</a> (1823)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sette_Giugno" title="Sette Giugno">Sette Giugno</a> (1919)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valletta_Treaty" title="Valletta Treaty">Valletta Treaty</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting" title="2005 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting">CHOGM</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/25th_European_Film_Awards" title="25th European Film Awards">25th European Film Awards</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valletta_Summit_on_Migration" title="Valletta Summit on Migration">Valletta Summit on Migration</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Commonwealth_Heads_of_Government_Meeting" title="2015 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting">CHOGM</a> (2015)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Insigne_Valettae_coronatum.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Valletta"><img alt="Coat of arms of Valletta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Insigne_Valettae_coronatum.svg/60px-Insigne_Valettae_coronatum.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="101" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Insigne_Valettae_coronatum.svg/90px-Insigne_Valettae_coronatum.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Insigne_Valettae_coronatum.svg/120px-Insigne_Valettae_coronatum.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="302" data-file-height="507" /></a><figcaption>Coat of arms of Valletta</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_streets_and_piazzas_in_Valletta" title="List of streets and piazzas in Valletta">Streets and<br />Piazzas</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Street,_Valletta" title="Republic Street, Valletta">Republic Street</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Merchants_Street&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Merchants Street (page does not exist)">Merchants Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Republic_Square,_Valletta" title="Republic Square, Valletta">Republic Square</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=St_George%27s_Square,_Valletta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St George's Square, Valletta (page does not exist)">St George's Square</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_John%27s_Square" title="St John's Square">St John's Square</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Fortifications_of_Valletta" title="Fortifications of Valletta">Fortifications</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_Gate_(Valletta)" title="City Gate (Valletta)">City Gate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Saint_Elmo" title="Fort Saint Elmo">Fort St Elmo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lascaris_Battery" title="Lascaris Battery">Lascaris Battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_James_Cavalier" title="Saint James Cavalier">St James Cavalier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_John%27s_Cavalier" title="Saint John's Cavalier">St John's Cavalier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saluting_Battery_(Valletta)" title="Saluting Battery (Valletta)">Saluting Battery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Victoria_Gate_(Valletta)" title="Victoria Gate (Valletta)">Victoria Gate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Churches</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christ_the_Redeemer_Church_(Valletta,_Malta)" title="Christ the Redeemer Church (Valletta, Malta)">Christ the Redeemer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_the_Jesuits,_Valletta" title="Church of the Jesuits, Valletta">Circumcision of Our Lord (Jesuits)</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Nibbia_Chapel" title="Nibbia Chapel">Nibbia Chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_of_Damascus,_Valletta" title="Church of Our Lady of Damascus, Valletta">Our Lady of Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_of_Liesse" title="Church of Our Lady of Liesse">Our Lady of Liesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_Our_Lady_of_Mount_Carmel,_Valletta" title="Basilica of Our Lady of Mount Carmel, Valletta">Our Lady of Mount Carmel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_of_Pilar,_Valletta" title="Church of Our Lady of Pilar, Valletta">Our Lady of Pilar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Our_Lady_of_Victory_(Valletta)" title="Church of Our Lady of Victory (Valletta)">Our Lady of Victory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Andrew%27s_Scots_Church,_Malta" title="St. Andrew's Scots Church, Malta">St Andrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapel_of_St_Anne,_Fort_St_Elmo" title="Chapel of St Anne, Fort St Elmo">St Anne chapel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Anne,_Fort_St_Elmo" title="Church of St Anne, Fort St Elmo">St Anne church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Augustine_Church,_Valletta" title="St Augustine Church, Valletta">St Augustine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Barbara,_Valletta" title="Church of Saint Barbara, Valletta">St Barbara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_Saint_Catherine_of_Italy,_Valletta" title="Church of Saint Catherine of Italy, Valletta">St Catherine of Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_and_Monastery_of_St_Catherine,_Valletta" title="Church and Monastery of St Catherine, Valletta">St Catherine monastery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basilica_of_St_Dominic,_Valletta" title="Basilica of St Dominic, Valletta">St Dominic (Porto Salvo)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Francis_of_Assisi_Church,_Valletta" title="St Francis of Assisi Church, Valletta">St Francis of Assisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_George,_Valletta" title="Church of St George, Valletta">St George</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_James,_Valletta" title="Church of St James, Valletta">St James</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_John%27s_Co-Cathedral" title="Saint John's Co-Cathedral">St John's Co-Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Lucy,_Valletta" title="Church of St Lucy, Valletta">St Lucy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franciscan_Church_of_St_Mary_of_Jesus" title="Franciscan Church of St Mary of Jesus">St Mary of Jesus (ta' Ġieżu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Mary_Magdalene,_Valletta" title="Church of St Mary Magdalene, Valletta">St Mary Magdalene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St_Nicholas,_Valletta" title="Church of St Nicholas, Valletta">St Nicholas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Pro-Cathedral,_Valletta" title="St Paul's Pro-Cathedral, Valletta">St Paul's Pro-Cathedral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_Parish_Church_of_St_Paul%27s_Shipwreck" title="Collegiate Parish Church of St Paul's Shipwreck">St Paul's Shipwreck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Roque%27s_Church,_Valletta" title="St Roque's Church, Valletta">St Roque</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=St_Ursula%27s_Church,_Valletta&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St Ursula's Church, Valletta (page does not exist)">St Ursula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Government<br />buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Allemagne" title="Auberge d'Allemagne">Auberge d'Allemagne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Aragon" title="Auberge d'Aragon">Auberge d'Aragon</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Auvergne" title="Auberge d'Auvergne">Auberge d'Auvergne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberge_de_Bavi%C3%A8re" title="Auberge de Bavière">Auberge de Bavière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberge_de_Castille" title="Auberge de Castille">Auberge de Castille</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Auberge_de_France" title="Auberge de France">Auberge de France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberge_d%27Italie" title="Auberge d'Italie">Auberge d'Italie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auberge_de_Provence" title="Auberge de Provence">Auberge de Provence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banca_Giuratale_(Valletta)" title="Banca Giuratale (Valletta)">Banca Giuratale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castellania_(Valletta)" title="Castellania (Valletta)">Castellania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_Justice_building_(Valletta)" title="Courts of Justice building (Valletta)">Courts of Justice building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandmaster%27s_Palace,_Valletta" title="Grandmaster's Palace, Valletta">Grandmaster's Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main_Guard_(Valletta)" title="Main Guard (Valletta)">Main Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monte_di_Piet%C3%A0_(Malta)" title="Monte di Pietà (Malta)">Monte di Pietà</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_House_(Malta)" title="Parliament House (Malta)">Parliament House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Palaces</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Admiralty_House_(Valletta)" title="Admiralty House (Valletta)">Admiralty House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archbishop%27s_Palace,_Valletta" title="Archbishop's Palace, Valletta">Archbishop's Palace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_Rocca_Piccola" title="Casa Rocca Piccola">Casa Rocca Piccola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostel_de_Verdelin" title="Hostel de Verdelin">Hostel de Verdelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Messina_Palace" title="Messina Palace">Messina Palace</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Correa" title="Palazzo Correa">Palazzo Correa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Ferreria" title="Palazzo Ferreria">Palazzo Ferreria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palazzo_Parisio_(Valletta)" title="Palazzo Parisio (Valletta)">Palazzo Parisio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinola_Palace,_Valletta" title="Spinola Palace, Valletta">Spinola Palace</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fortifications_Interpretation_Centre" title="Fortifications Interpretation Centre">Fortifications Interpretation Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lascaris_War_Rooms" title="Lascaris War Rooms">Lascaris War Rooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Postal_Museum" title="Malta Postal Museum">Malta Postal Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MU%C5%BBA" title="MUŻA">MUŻA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Archaeology,_Malta" title="National Museum of Archaeology, Malta">National Museum of Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_War_Museum_(Malta)" title="National War Museum (Malta)">National War Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palace_Armoury" title="Palace Armoury">Palace Armoury</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Monuments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_Sir_Alexander_Ball" title="Monument to Sir Alexander Ball">Ball Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Siege_Monument" title="Great Siege Monument">Great Siege Monument</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_to_Francesco_Laparelli_and_Girolamo_Cassar" title="Monument to Francesco Laparelli and Girolamo Cassar">Laparelli and Cassar Monument</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Les_Gavroches" title="Les Gavroches">Les Gavroches</a></i></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Ponsonby%27s_Column" title="Ponsonby's Column">Ponsonby's Column</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Queen_Victoria,_Valletta" title="Statue of Queen Victoria, Valletta">Queen Victoria statue</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_Bell_War_Memorial&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege Bell War Memorial (page does not exist)">Siege Bell War Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritons%27_Fountain" title="Tritons' Fountain">Tritons' Fountain</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Statue_of_Ant%C3%B3nio_Manoel_de_Vilhena" title="Statue of António Manoel de Vilhena">Vilhena statue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wignacourt_Aqueduct#Fountains" title="Wignacourt Aqueduct">Wignacourt Aqueduct fountains</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Gardens</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<a href="/wiki/%C4%A0nien_is-Sultan" title="Ġnien is-Sultan">Ġnien is-Sultan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hastings_Gardens" title="Hastings Gardens">Hastings Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Barrakka_Gardens" title="Lower Barrakka Gardens">Lower Barrakka Gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Barrakka_Gardens" title="Upper Barrakka Gardens">Upper Barrakka Gardens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;font-weight:normal;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barrakka_Lift" title="Barrakka Lift">Barrakka Lift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Malta" title="National Library of Malta">Bibliotheca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Casa_del_Commun_Tesoro" title="Casa del Commun Tesoro">Casa del Commun Tesoro</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Forni_della_Signoria" title="Forni della Signoria">Forni della Signoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Borsa" title="La Borsa">La Borsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Stock_Exchange" title="Malta Stock Exchange">Malta Stock Exchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manoel_Theatre" title="Manoel Theatre">Manoel Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Conference_Centre" title="Mediterranean Conference Centre">Mediterranean Conference Centre (Sacra Infermeria)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Old_University_Building,_Valletta" title="Old University Building, Valletta">Old University Building</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Royal_Opera_House,_Valletta" title="Royal Opera House, Valletta">Royal Opera House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Elmo_Bridge" title="St Elmo Bridge">St Elmo Bridge</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/Slaves%27_Prison" title="Slaves' Prison">Slaves' Prison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Is-Suq_tal-Belt" title="Is-Suq tal-Belt">Is-Suq tal-Belt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valletta_Design_Cluster" title="Valletta Design Cluster">Valletta Design Cluster</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valletta_F.C." title="Valletta F.C.">Valletta F.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valletta_United_W.P.C." title="Valletta United W.P.C.">Valletta United W.P.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valletta_FC_Futsal_Club" title="Valletta FC Futsal Club">Valletta FC Futsal Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valletta_Lions_RFC" title="Valletta Lions RFC">Valletta Lions RFC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/24th_Chess_Olympiad" title="24th Chess Olympiad">24th Chess Olympiad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malta_Grand_Prix" title="Malta Grand Prix">Malta Grand Prix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Games_of_the_Small_States_of_Europe" title="Games of the Small States of Europe">Games of the Small States of Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1993_Games_of_the_Small_States_of_Europe" title="1993 Games of the Small States of Europe">1993</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2003_Games_of_the_Small_States_of_Europe" title="2003 Games of the Small States of Europe">2003</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Valletta_International_Baroque_Festival" title="Valletta International Baroque Festival">Valletta International Baroque Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HMS_Maori_(F24)" title="HMS Maori (F24)">HMS <i>Maori</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manderaggio" title="Manderaggio">Manderaggio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notarial_Archives" title="Notarial Archives">Notarial Archives</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li>† Destroyed, demolished, in ruins or relocated</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <i><a href="/wiki/Category:Valletta" title="Category:Valletta">Main category</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carnival_tragedy_of_1823&oldid=1217939486">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Carnival_tragedy_of_1823&oldid=1217939486</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Human_stampedes_in_Malta" title="Category:Human stampedes in Malta">Human stampedes in Malta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1823_in_Malta" title="Category:1823 in Malta">1823 in Malta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:19th_century_in_Valletta" title="Category:19th century in Valletta">19th century in Valletta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:February_1823_events" title="Category:February 1823 events">February 1823 events</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1823_disasters_in_Europe" title="Category:1823 disasters in Europe">1823 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