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Search results for: monotone systems

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style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: monotone systems</h1> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4393</span> Monotone Rational Trigonometric Interpolation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Uzma%20Bashir">Uzma Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jamaludin%20Md.%20Ali"> Jamaludin Md. Ali</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This study is concerned with the visualization of monotone data using a piecewise C1 rational trigonometric interpolating scheme. Four positive shape parameters are incorporated in the structure of rational trigonometric spline. Conditions on two of these parameters are derived to attain the monotonicity of monotone data and othertwo are leftfree. Figures are used widely to exhibit that the proposed scheme produces graphically smooth monotone curves.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Trigonometric%20splines" title="Trigonometric splines">Trigonometric splines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Monotone%20data" title=" Monotone data"> Monotone data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Shape%20preserving" title=" Shape preserving"> Shape preserving</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=C1%20monotone%20interpolant." title=" C1 monotone interpolant."> C1 monotone interpolant.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/monotone-rational-trigonometric-interpolation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2042</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4392</span> Generator of Hypotheses an Approach of Data Mining Based on Monotone Systems Theory </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rein%20Kuusik">Rein Kuusik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Grete%20Lind"> Grete Lind</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Generator of hypotheses is a new method for data mining. It makes possible to classify the source data automatically and produces a particular enumeration of patterns. Pattern is an expression (in a certain language) describing facts in a subset of facts. The goal is to describe the source data via patterns and/or IF...THEN rules. Used evaluation criteria are deterministic (not probabilistic). The search results are trees - form that is easy to comprehend and interpret. Generator of hypotheses uses very effective algorithm based on the theory of monotone systems (MS) named MONSA (MONotone System Algorithm). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=data%20mining" title="data mining">data mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=monotone%20systems" title=" monotone systems"> monotone systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=pattern" title=" pattern"> pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=rule." title=" rule."> rule.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/generator-of-hypotheses-an-approach-of-data-mining-based-on-monotone-systems-theory" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11653.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1256</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4391</span> Solving Partially Monotone Problems with Neural Networks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Marina%20Velikova">Marina Velikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hennie%20Daniels"> Hennie Daniels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ad%20Feelders"> Ad Feelders</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many applications, it is a priori known that the target function should satisfy certain constraints imposed by, for example, economic theory or a human-decision maker. Here we consider partially monotone problems, where the target variable depends monotonically on some of the predictor variables but not all. We propose an approach to build partially monotone models based on the convolution of monotone neural networks and kernel functions. The results from simulations and a real case study on house pricing show that our approach has significantly better performance than partially monotone linear models. Furthermore, the incorporation of partial monotonicity constraints not only leads to models that are in accordance with the decision maker's expertise, but also reduces considerably the model variance in comparison to standard neural networks with weight decay. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mixture%20models" title="Mixture models">Mixture models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=monotone%20neural%20networks" title=" monotone neural networks"> monotone neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=partially%20monotone%20models" title="partially monotone models">partially monotone models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=partially%20monotone%20problems." title=" partially monotone problems."> partially monotone problems.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/solving-partially-monotone-problems-with-neural-networks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/11728.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1620</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4390</span> Mixtures of Monotone Networks for Prediction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Marina%20Velikova">Marina Velikova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hennie%20Daniels"> Hennie Daniels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ad%20Feelders"> Ad Feelders</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In many data mining applications, it is a priori known that the target function should satisfy certain constraints imposed by, for example, economic theory or a human-decision maker. In this paper we consider partially monotone prediction problems, where the target variable depends monotonically on some of the input variables but not on all. We propose a novel method to construct prediction models, where monotone dependences with respect to some of the input variables are preserved by virtue of construction. Our method belongs to the class of mixture models. The basic idea is to convolute monotone neural networks with weight (kernel) functions to make predictions. By using simulation and real case studies, we demonstrate the application of our method. To obtain sound assessment for the performance of our approach, we use standard neural networks with weight decay and partially monotone linear models as benchmark methods for comparison. The results show that our approach outperforms partially monotone linear models in terms of accuracy. Furthermore, the incorporation of partial monotonicity constraints not only leads to models that are in accordance with the decision maker's expertise, but also reduces considerably the model variance in comparison to standard neural networks with weight decay. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mixture%20models" title="mixture models">mixture models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=monotone%20neural%20networks" title=" monotone neural networks"> monotone neural networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=partially%20monotone%20models" title=" partially monotone models"> partially monotone models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=partially%20monotone%20problems." title=" partially monotone problems."> partially monotone problems.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/mixtures-of-monotone-networks-for-prediction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2246.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1246</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4389</span> A Descent-projection Method for Solving Monotone Structured Variational Inequalities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Min%20Sun">Min Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Zhenyu%20Liu"> Zhenyu Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, a new descent-projection method with a new search direction for monotone structured variational inequalities is proposed. The method is simple, which needs only projections and some function evaluations, so its computational load is very tiny. Under mild conditions on the problem-s data, the method is proved to converges globally. Some preliminary computational results are also reported to illustrate the efficiency of the method. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=variational%20inequalities" title="variational inequalities">variational inequalities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=monotone%20function" title=" monotone function"> monotone function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=global%0Aconvergence." title=" global convergence."> global convergence.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/a-descent-projection-method-for-solving-monotone-structured-variational-inequalities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1292</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4388</span> Derivation of Monotone Likelihood Ratio Using Two Sided Uniformly Normal Distribution Techniques</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20A.%20Farinde">D. A. Farinde </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, two-sided uniformly normal distribution techniques were used in the derivation of monotone likelihood ratio. The approach mainly employed the parameters of the distribution for a class of all size a. The derivation technique is fast, direct and less burdensome when compared to some existing methods.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Neyman-Pearson%20Lemma" title="Neyman-Pearson Lemma">Neyman-Pearson Lemma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Normal%20distribution" title=" Normal distribution"> Normal distribution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/derivation-of-monotone-likelihood-ratio-using-two-sided-uniformly-normal-distribution-techniques" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17169.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3202</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4387</span> Monotonicity of Dependence Concepts from Independent Random Vector into Dependent Random Vector</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Guangpu%20Chen">Guangpu Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>When the failure function is monotone, some monotonic reliability methods are used to gratefully simplify and facilitate the reliability computations. However, these methods often work in a transformed iso-probabilistic space. To this end, a monotonic simulator or transformation is needed in order that the transformed failure function is still monotone. This note proves at first that the output distribution of failure function is invariant under the transformation. And then it presents some conditions under which the transformed function is still monotone in the newly obtained space. These concern the copulas and the dependence concepts. In many engineering applications, the Gaussian copulas are often used to approximate the real word copulas while the available information on the random variables is limited to the set of marginal distributions and the covariances. So this note catches an importance on the conditional monotonicity of the often used transformation from an independent random vector into a dependent random vector with Gaussian copulas.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Monotonic" title="Monotonic">Monotonic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Rosenblatt" title=" Rosenblatt"> Rosenblatt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Nataf%20transformation" title=" Nataf transformation"> Nataf transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=dependence%20concepts" title=" dependence concepts"> dependence concepts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=completely%20positive%20matrices" title=" completely positive matrices"> completely positive matrices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gaussiancopulas" title=" Gaussiancopulas"> Gaussiancopulas</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/monotonicity-of-dependence-concepts-from-independent-random-vector-into-dependent-random-vector" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14863.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4386</span> W3-Miner: Mining Weighted Frequent Subtree Patterns in a Collection of Trees</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20AliMohammadzadeh">R. AliMohammadzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Haghir%20Chehreghani"> M. Haghir Chehreghani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Zarnani"> A. Zarnani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.%20Rahgozar"> M. Rahgozar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mining frequent tree patterns have many useful applications in XML mining, bioinformatics, network routing, etc. Most of the frequent subtree mining algorithms (i.e. FREQT, TreeMiner and CMTreeMiner) use anti-monotone property in the phase of candidate subtree generation. However, none of these algorithms have verified the correctness of this property in tree structured data. In this research it is shown that anti-monotonicity does not generally hold, when using weighed support in tree pattern discovery. As a result, tree mining algorithms that are based on this property would probably miss some of the valid frequent subtree patterns in a collection of trees. In this paper, we investigate the correctness of anti-monotone property for the problem of weighted frequent subtree mining. In addition we propose W3-Miner, a new algorithm for full extraction of frequent subtrees. The experimental results confirm that W3-Miner finds some frequent subtrees that the previously proposed algorithms are not able to discover. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Semi-Structured%20Data%20Mining" title="Semi-Structured Data Mining">Semi-Structured Data Mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Anti-Monotone%0AProperty" title=" Anti-Monotone Property"> Anti-Monotone Property</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Trees." title=" Trees."> Trees.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/w3-miner-mining-weighted-frequent-subtree-patterns-in-a-collection-of-trees" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/13085.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4385</span> Proximal Parallel Alternating Direction Method for Monotone Structured Variational Inequalities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Min%20Sun">Min Sun</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jing%20Liu"> Jing Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, we focus on the alternating direction&nbsp;method, which is one of the most effective methods for solving&nbsp;structured variational inequalities(VI). In fact, we propose a proximal&nbsp;parallel alternating direction method which only needs to solve two&nbsp;strongly monotone sub-VI problems at each iteration. Convergence of&nbsp;the new method is proved under mild assumptions. We also present&nbsp;some preliminary numerical results, which indicate that the new&nbsp;method is quite efficient.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=structured%20variational%20inequalities" title="structured variational inequalities">structured variational inequalities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=proximal%20point%0D%0Amethod" title=" proximal point method"> proximal point method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=global%20convergence" title=" global convergence"> global convergence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/proximal-parallel-alternating-direction-method-for-monotone-structured-variational-inequalities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4384</span> Unique Positive Solution of Nonlinear Fractional Differential Equation Boundary Value Problem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fengxia%20Zheng">Fengxia Zheng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>By using two new fixed point theorems for mixed monotone operators, the positive solution of nonlinear fractional differential equation boundary value problem is studied. Its existence and uniqueness is proved, and an iterative scheme is constructed to approximate it.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fractional%20differential%20equation" title="Fractional differential equation">Fractional differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=boundary%20value%20problem" title=" boundary value problem"> boundary value problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=positive%20solution" title=" positive solution"> positive solution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=existence%20and%20uniqueness" title=" existence and uniqueness"> existence and uniqueness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fixed%20point%20theorem" title=" fixed point theorem"> fixed point theorem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=mixed%20monotone%20operator." title=" mixed monotone operator."> mixed monotone operator.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/unique-positive-solution-of-nonlinear-fractional-differential-equation-boundary-value-problem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9997232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1600</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4383</span> Positive Solutions of Initial Value Problem for the Systems of Second Order Integro-Differential Equations in Banach Space</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Lv%20Yuhua">Lv Yuhua</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, by establishing a new comparison result,&nbsp;we investigate the existence of positive solutions for initial value&nbsp;problems of nonlinear systems of second order integro-differential&nbsp;equations in Banach space.We improve and generalize some results &nbsp;(see[5,6]), and the results is new even in finite dimensional&nbsp;spaces.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Systems%20of%20integro-differential%20equations" title="Systems of integro-differential equations">Systems of integro-differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=monotone%0D%0Aiterative%20method" title=" monotone iterative method"> monotone iterative method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=comparison%20result" title=" comparison result"> comparison result</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cone." title=" cone."> cone.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/positive-solutions-of-initial-value-problem-for-the-systems-of-second-order-integro-differential-equations-in-banach-space" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/17086.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1499</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4382</span> Convergence Analysis of the Generalized Alternating Two-Stage Method</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Guangbin%20Wang">Guangbin Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Liangliang%20Li"> Liangliang Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fuping%20Tan"> Fuping Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, we give the generalized alternating twostage method in which the inner iterations are accomplished by a generalized alternating method. And we present convergence results of the method for solving nonsingular linear systems when the coefficient matrix of the linear system is a monotone matrix or an H-matrix.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Generalized%20alternating%20two-stage%20method" title="Generalized alternating two-stage method">Generalized alternating two-stage method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=linear%20system" title=" linear system"> linear system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=convergence." title=" convergence."> convergence.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/convergence-analysis-of-the-generalized-alternating-two-stage-method" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7714.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4381</span> On Discretization of Second-order Derivatives in Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=R.%20Fatehi">R. Fatehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.A.%20Fayazbakhsh"> M.A. Fayazbakhsh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=M.T.%20Manzari"> M.T. Manzari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Discretization of spatial derivatives is an important issue in meshfree methods especially when the derivative terms contain non-linear coefficients. In this paper, various methods used for discretization of second-order spatial derivatives are investigated in the context of Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics. Three popular forms (i.e. "double summation", "second-order kernel derivation", and "difference scheme") are studied using one-dimensional unsteady heat conduction equation. To assess these schemes, transient response to a step function initial condition is considered. Due to parabolic nature of the heat equation, one can expect smooth and monotone solutions. It is shown, however in this paper, that regardless of the type of kernel function used and the size of smoothing radius, the double summation discretization form leads to non-physical oscillations which persist in the solution. Also, results show that when a second-order kernel derivative is used, a high-order kernel function shall be employed in such a way that the distance of inflection point from origin in the kernel function be less than the nearest particle distance. Otherwise, solutions may exhibit oscillations near discontinuities unlike the "difference scheme" which unconditionally produces monotone results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Heat%20conduction" title="Heat conduction">Heat conduction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Meshfree%20methods" title=" Meshfree methods"> Meshfree methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Smoothed%20ParticleHydrodynamics%20%28SPH%29" title=" Smoothed ParticleHydrodynamics (SPH)"> Smoothed ParticleHydrodynamics (SPH)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Second-order%20derivatives." title=" Second-order derivatives."> Second-order derivatives.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/on-discretization-of-second-order-derivatives-in-smoothed-particle-hydrodynamics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/14882.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3088</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4380</span> Existence of Solution for Boundary Value Problems of Differential Equations with Delay</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Xiguang%20Li">Xiguang Li</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper , by using fixed point theorem , upper and lower solution-s method and monotone iterative technique , we prove the existence of maximum and minimum solutions of differential equations with delay , which improved and generalize the result of related paper.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Banach%20space" title="Banach space">Banach space</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=boundary%20value%20problem" title=" boundary value problem"> boundary value problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=differential%20equation" title=" differential equation"> differential equation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=delay." title=" delay."> delay.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/existence-of-solution-for-boundary-value-problems-of-differential-equations-with-delay" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/7420.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4379</span> Observers Design for Systems Modelled by Bond Graphs with Multivariable Monotone Nonlinearities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gilberto%20Gonzalez-A">Gilberto Gonzalez-A</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Gerardo%20Jaimes-A"> Gerardo Jaimes-A</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A methodology to design a nonlinear observer in a bond graph approach is proposed. The class of nonlinear observer with multivariable nonlinearities is considered. A junction structure of the bond graph observer is proposed. The proposed methodology to an electrical transformer and a DC motor including the nonlinear saturation is applied. Nonlinear observers for the transformer and DC motor based on multivariable circle criterion in the physical domain are proposed. In order to show the saturation effects on the transformer and DC motor, simulation results are obtained. Finally, the paper describes that convergence of the estimates to the true states is achieved. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Bond%20graph" title="Bond graph">Bond graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nonlinear%20observer" title=" nonlinear observer"> nonlinear observer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=electrical%0Atransformer" title=" electrical transformer"> electrical transformer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=nonlinear%20saturation" title=" nonlinear saturation"> nonlinear saturation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/observers-design-for-systems-modelled-by-bond-graphs-with-multivariable-monotone-nonlinearities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/8422.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1454</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4378</span> Parallel Alternating Two-stage Methods for Solving Linear System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Guangbin%20Wang">Guangbin Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ning%20Zhang"> Ning Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fuping%20Tan"> Fuping Tan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, we present parallel alternating two-stage methods for solving linear system Ax = b, where A is a monotone matrix or an H-matrix. And we give some convergence results of these methods for nonsingular linear system.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Parallel" title="Parallel">Parallel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=alternating%20two-stage" title=" alternating two-stage"> alternating two-stage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=convergence" title=" convergence"> convergence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=linear%20system." title=" linear system."> linear system.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/parallel-alternating-two-stage-methods-for-solving-linear-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/2526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1146</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4377</span> Growth of Droplet in Radiation-Induced Plasma of Own Steam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Pavlo%20Selyshchev">Pavlo Selyshchev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>The theoretical approach is developed to describe the change of drops in the atmosphere of own steam and buffer gas under irradiation. It is shown that the irradiation influences on size of stable droplet and on the conditions under which the droplet exists. Under irradiation the change of drop becomes more complex: the not monotone and periodical change of size of drop becomes possible. All possible solutions are represented by means of phase portrait. It is found all qualitatively different phase portraits as function of critical parameters: rate generation of clusters and substance density.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irradiation" title="Irradiation">Irradiation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=steam" title=" steam"> steam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=plasma" title=" plasma"> plasma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cluster%20formation" title=" cluster formation"> cluster formation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=liquid%0D%0Adroplets" title=" liquid droplets"> liquid droplets</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=evolution." title=" evolution."> evolution.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/growth-of-droplet-in-radiation-induced-plasma-of-own-steam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9999756.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2092</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4376</span> Comparison Results of Two-point Fuzzy Boundary Value Problems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hsuan-Ku%20Liu">Hsuan-Ku Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper investigates the solutions of two-point fuzzy boundary value problems as the form x = f(t, x(t)), x(0) = A and x(l) = B, where A and B are fuzzy numbers. There are four different solutions for the problems when the lateral type of H-derivative is employed to solve the problems. As f(t, x) is a monotone function of x, these four solutions are reduced to two different solutions. As f(t, x(t)) = &lambda;x(t) or f(t, x(t)) = -&lambda;x(t), solutions and several comparison results are presented to indicate advantages of each solution.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fuzzy%20derivative" title="Fuzzy derivative">Fuzzy derivative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=lateral%20type%20of%20H-derivative" title=" lateral type of H-derivative"> lateral type of H-derivative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fuzzy%20differential%20equations" title=" fuzzy differential equations"> fuzzy differential equations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fuzzy%20boundary%20value%20problems" title=" fuzzy boundary value problems"> fuzzy boundary value problems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=boundary%20value%20problems." title=" boundary value problems."> boundary value problems.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/comparison-results-of-two-point-fuzzy-boundary-value-problems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4449.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1532</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4375</span> Ordinary Differential Equations with Inverted Functions</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Thomas%20Kampke">Thomas Kampke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Equations with differentials relating to the inverse of an unknown function rather than to the unknown function itself are solved exactly for some special cases and numerically for the general case. Invertibility combined with differentiability over connected domains forces solutions always to be monotone. Numerical function inversion is key to all solution algorithms which either are of a forward type or a fixed point type considering whole approximate solution functions in each iteration. The given considerations are restricted to ordinary differential equations with inverted functions (ODEIs) of first order. Forward type computations, if applicable, admit consistency of order one and, under an additional accuracy condition, convergence of order one.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Euler%20method" title="Euler method">Euler method</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=fixed%20points" title=" fixed points"> fixed points</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=golden%20section" title=" golden section"> golden section</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=multi-step%20procedures" title=" multi-step procedures"> multi-step procedures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Runge%20Kutta%20methods." title=" Runge Kutta methods."> Runge Kutta methods.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/ordinary-differential-equations-with-inverted-functions" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4337.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1448</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4374</span> Nitrogen Effects on Ignition Delay Time in Supersonic Premixed and Diffusion Flames</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20M.%20Tahsini">A. M. Tahsini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>Computational study of two dimensional supersonic reacting hydrogen-air flows is performed to investigate the nitrogen effects on ignition delay time for premixed and diffusion flames. Chemical reaction is treated using detail kinetics and the advection upstream splitting method is used to calculate the numerical inviscid fluxes. The results show that just in stoichiometric condition for both premixed and diffusion flames, there is monotone dependency of the ignition delay time to the nitrogen addition. In other situations, the optimal condition from ignition viewpoint should be found using numerical investigations.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Diffusion%20flame" title="Diffusion flame">Diffusion flame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ignition%20delay%20time" title=" Ignition delay time"> Ignition delay time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Mixing%20layer" title=" Mixing layer"> Mixing layer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Numerical%20simulation" title=" Numerical simulation"> Numerical simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Premixed%20flame" title=" Premixed flame"> Premixed flame</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Supersonic%20flow." title=" Supersonic flow."> Supersonic flow.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/nitrogen-effects-on-ignition-delay-time-in-supersonic-premixed-and-diffusion-flames" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996611.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1979</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4373</span> Architecture of Large-Scale Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Arne%20Koschel">Arne Koschel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Irina%20Astrova"> Irina Astrova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Elena%20Deutschk%C3%A4mer"> Elena Deutschkämer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Jacob%20Ester"> Jacob Ester</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Johannes%20Feldmann"> Johannes Feldmann</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper various techniques in relation to large-scale systems are presented. At first, explanation of large-scale systems and differences from traditional systems are given. Next, possible specifications and requirements on hardware and software are listed. Finally, examples of large-scale systems are presented.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Distributed%20file%20systems" title="Distributed file systems">Distributed file systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=cashing" title=" cashing"> cashing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=large%20scale%20systems" title=" large scale systems"> large scale systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=MapReduce%20algorithm" title=" MapReduce algorithm"> MapReduce algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=NoSQL%20databases." title=" NoSQL databases. "> NoSQL databases. </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/architecture-of-large-scale-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9996564.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">3057</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4372</span> A “Greedy“ Czech Manufacturing Case</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=George%20Cristian%20Gruia">George Cristian Gruia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Michal%20Kavan"> Michal Kavan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The article describes a case study on one of Czech Republic-s manufacturing middle size enterprises (ME), where due to the European financial crisis, production lines had to be redesigned and optimized in order to minimize the total costs of the production of goods. It is considered an optimization problem of minimizing the total cost of the work load, according to the costs of the possible locations of the workplaces, with an application of the Greedy algorithm and a partial analogy to a Set Packing Problem. The displacement of working tables in a company should be as a one-toone monotone increasing function in order for the total costs of production of the goods to be at minimum. We use a heuristic approach with greedy algorithm for solving this linear optimization problem, regardless the possible greediness which may appear and we apply it in a Czech ME. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Czech" title="Czech">Czech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=greedy%20algorithm" title=" greedy algorithm"> greedy algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=minimize" title=" minimize"> minimize</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=total%20costs." title=" total costs."> total costs.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/a-greedy-czech-manufacturing-case" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/4775.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1621</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4371</span> The Operating Behaviour of Unbalanced Unpaced Merging Assembly Lines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Shaaban">S. Shaaban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20McNamara"> T. McNamara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Hudson"> S. Hudson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper reports on the performance of deliberately unbalanced, reliable, non-automated and assembly lines that merge, whose workstations differ in terms of their mean operation times. Simulations are carried out on 5- and 8-station lines with 1, 2 and 4 buffer capacity units, % degrees of line imbalance of 2, 5 and 12, and 24 different patterns of means imbalance. Data on two performance measures, namely throughput and average buffer level were gathered, statistically analysed and compared to a merging balanced line counterpart. It was found that the best configurations are a balanced line arrangement and a monotone decreasing order for each of the parallel merging lines, with the first generally resulting in a lower throughput and the second leading to a lower average buffer level than those of a balanced line.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Average%20buffer%20level" title="Average buffer level">Average buffer level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=merging%20lines" title=" merging lines"> merging lines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=simulation" title=" simulation"> simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=throughput" title=" throughput"> throughput</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unbalanced." title=" unbalanced."> unbalanced.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/the-operating-behaviour-of-unbalanced-unpaced-merging-assembly-lines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10004616.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1553</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4370</span> Intelligent Solutions for Umbrella Systems in Telecommunication Supervision Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=K.%20P.%20Cs%C3%A1nyi">K. P. Csányi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=L.%20T.%20K%C3%B3czy"> L. T. Kóczy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=D.%20Tikk"> D. Tikk</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper indicate the importance of telecommunications supervision systems (TSS), integrating heterogeneous TSS into single system thru umbrella systems, introduces the structure, features, requirements of TSS and TSS related intelligent solutions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Telecommunication" title="Telecommunication">Telecommunication</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=telecommunication%20supervisionsystems" title=" telecommunication supervisionsystems"> telecommunication supervisionsystems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=umbrella%20systems" title=" umbrella systems"> umbrella systems</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/intelligent-solutions-for-umbrella-systems-in-telecommunication-supervision-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/9234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1599</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4369</span> Fractal Shapes Description with Parametric L-systems and Turtle Algebra</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Ikbal%20Zammouri">Ikbal Zammouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B%C3%A9chir%20Ayeb"> Béchir Ayeb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>In this paper, we propose a new method to describe fractal shapes using parametric l-systems. First we introduce scaling factors in the production rules of the parametric l-systems grammars. Then we decorticate these grammars with scaling factors using turtle algebra to show the mathematical relation between l-systems and iterated function systems (IFS). We demonstrate that with specific values of the scaling factors, we find the exact relationship established by Prusinkiewicz and Hammel between l-systems and IFS.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Fractal%20shapes" title="Fractal shapes">Fractal shapes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=IFS" title=" IFS"> IFS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=parametric%20l-systems" title=" parametric l-systems"> parametric l-systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=turtlealgebra." title=" turtlealgebra."> turtlealgebra.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/fractal-shapes-description-with-parametric-l-systems-and-turtle-algebra" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/15297.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">1855</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4368</span> Unreliable Production Lines with Simultaneously Unbalanced Operation Time Means, Breakdown, and Repair Rates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Shaaban">S. Shaaban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=T.%20McNamara"> T. McNamara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=S.%20Hudson"> S. Hudson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper investigates the benefits of deliberately unbalancing both operation time means (MTs) and unreliability (failure and repair rates) for non-automated production lines. The lines were simulated with various line lengths, buffer capacities, degrees of imbalance and patterns of MT and unreliability imbalance. Data on two performance measures, namely throughput (TR) and average buffer level (ABL) were gathered, analyzed and compared to a balanced line counterpart. A number of conclusions were made with respect to the ranking of configurations, as well as to the relationships among the independent design parameters and the dependent variables. It was found that the best configurations are a balanced line arrangement and a monotone decreasing MT order, coupled with either a decreasing or a bowl unreliability configuration, with the first generally resulting in a reduced TR and the second leading to a lower ABL than those of a balanced line. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Average%20buffer%20level" title="Average buffer level">Average buffer level</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=throughput" title=" throughput"> throughput</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unbalanced%20failure%0D%0Aand%20repair%20rates" title=" unbalanced failure and repair rates"> unbalanced failure and repair rates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unequal%20mean%20operation%20times" title=" unequal mean operation times"> unequal mean operation times</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=unreliable%20production%0D%0Alines." title=" unreliable production lines."> unreliable production lines.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/unreliable-production-lines-with-simultaneously-unbalanced-operation-time-means-breakdown-and-repair-rates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/10001406.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2241</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4367</span> Hybrid Modeling and Optimal Control of a Two-Tank System as a Switched System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=H.%20Mahboubi">H. Mahboubi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=B.%20Moshiri"> B. Moshiri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=A.%20Khaki%20Seddigh"> A. Khaki Seddigh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the past decade, because of wide applications of hybrid systems, many researchers have considered modeling and control of these systems. Since switching systems constitute an important class of hybrid systems, in this paper a method for optimal control of linear switching systems is described. The method is also applied on the two-tank system which is a much appropriate system to analyze different modeling and control techniques of hybrid systems. Simulation results show that, in this method, the goals of control and also problem constraints can be satisfied by an appropriate selection of cost function. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Hybrid%20systems" title="Hybrid systems">Hybrid systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=optimal%20control" title=" optimal control"> optimal control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=switched%20systems" title=" switched systems"> switched systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=two-tank%20system" title=" two-tank system"> two-tank system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/hybrid-modeling-and-optimal-control-of-a-two-tank-system-as-a-switched-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/6.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2239</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4366</span> Using Critical Systems Thinking to Improve Student Performance in Networking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Albertus%20G.%20Joubert">Albertus G. Joubert</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Roelien%20Goede"> Roelien Goede</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>This paper explores how Critical Systems Thinking and Action Research can be used to improve student performance in Networking. When describing a system from a systems thinking perspective, the following aspects can be identified: the total system performance, the systems environment, the resources, the components and the management of the system. Following the history of system thinking we observe three emerged methodologies namely, hard systems, soft systems, and critical systems. This paper uses Critical Systems Thinking (CST) which describes systems in terms of contradictions and conflict. It demonstrates how CST can be used in an Action Research (AR) project to improve the performance of students. Intervention in terms of student assessment is discussed and the impact of the intervention is discussed.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Action%20research" title="Action research">Action research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=computer%20networks" title=" computer networks"> computer networks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=critical%20systems%20thinking" title=" critical systems thinking"> critical systems thinking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=higher%20education." title=" higher education."> higher education.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/using-critical-systems-thinking-to-improve-student-performance-in-networking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/46.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2704</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4365</span> Agent-Based Modeling of Power Systems Infrastructure Cyber Security</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Raman%20Paranjape"> Raman Paranjape</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p>We present a new approach to evaluation of Cyber Security in Power Systems using the method of modeling the power systems Infrastructure using software agents. Interfaces between module and the home smart meter are recognized as the primary points of intrusion.</p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Power%20Systems" title=" Power Systems"> Power Systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Modeling%20and%20Simulation" title=" Modeling and Simulation"> Modeling and Simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Agent%20systems." title=" Agent systems."> Agent systems.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/agent-based-modeling-of-power-systems-infrastructure-cyber-security" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">XML</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112/iso690" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">ISO 690</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/16112.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">2449</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card publication-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4364</span> Improved Data Warehousing: Lessons Learnt from the Systems Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Roelien%20Goede">Roelien Goede</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Data warehousing success is not high enough. User dissatisfaction and failure to adhere to time frames and budgets are too common. Most traditional information systems practices are rooted in hard systems thinking. Today, the great systems thinkers are forgotten by information systems developers. A data warehouse is still a system and it is worth investigating whether systems thinkers such as Churchman can enhance our practices today. This paper investigates data warehouse development practices from a systems thinking perspective. An empirical investigation is done in order to understand the everyday practices of data warehousing professionals from a systems perspective. The paper presents a model for the application of Churchman-s systems approach in data warehouse development. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Data%20warehouse%20development" title="Data warehouse development">Data warehouse development</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Information%20systemsdevelopment" title=" Information systemsdevelopment"> Information systemsdevelopment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Interpretive%20case%20study" title=" Interpretive case study"> Interpretive case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/search?q=Systems%20thinking" title=" Systems thinking"> Systems thinking</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/improved-data-warehousing-lessons-learnt-from-the-systems-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/apa" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">APA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/bibtex" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">BibTeX</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/chicago" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Chicago</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/endnote" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">EndNote</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/harvard" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Harvard</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/json" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">JSON</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/mla" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">MLA</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/ris" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">RIS</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/12111/xml" target="_blank" rel="nofollow" class="btn btn-primary 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