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<li id="toc-Beginnings_and_founding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Beginnings_and_founding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Beginnings and founding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Beginnings_and_founding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sun_Quan's_reign" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sun_Quan's_reign"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Sun Quan's reign</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sun_Quan's_reign-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reigns_of_Sun_Liang_and_Sun_Xiu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reigns_of_Sun_Liang_and_Sun_Xiu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Reigns of Sun Liang and Sun Xiu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reigns_of_Sun_Liang_and_Sun_Xiu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fall_of_Wu" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fall_of_Wu"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Fall of Wu</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fall_of_Wu-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government_and_military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government_and_military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Government and military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Government_and_military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Language,_culture_and_economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language,_culture_and_economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Language, culture and economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language,_culture_and_economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civil_matters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civil_matters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Civil matters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civil_matters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_territories" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_territories"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>List of territories</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_territories-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-List_of_sovereigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#List_of_sovereigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>List of sovereigns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-List_of_sovereigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Emperors'_family_tree" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Emperors'_family_tree"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Emperors' family tree</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Emperors'_family_tree-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Eastern Wu</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A9_%D9%88%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="مملكة وو الشرقية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مملكة وو الشرقية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/U_(%C3%A7arl%C4%B1q)" title="U (çarlıq) – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="U (çarlıq)" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%87_(%DA%86%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82)" title="اۇ (چارلیق) – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اۇ (چارلیق)" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C3%B4%CD%98_(Sam-kok)" title="Ngô͘ (Sam-kok) – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Ngô͘ (Sam-kok)" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A6%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%A3" title="Царства У – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Царства У" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%A3" title="Източна У – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Източна У" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_ar_Reter" title="Wu ar Reter – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Wu ar Reter" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Oriental" title="Wu Oriental – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Wu Oriental" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu-Dynastie" title="Wu-Dynastie – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wu-Dynastie" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_(reino)" title="Wu (reino) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wu (reino)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu" title="Wu – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Wu" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%88_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="وو خاوری – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وو خاوری" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Royaume_de_Wu" title="Royaume de Wu – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Royaume de Wu" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%90%B3" title="東吳 – Gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="東吳" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="Gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BBn_%C7%B8g" title="Sûn Ǹg – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Sûn Ǹg" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%A4_(%EC%82%BC%EA%B5%AD)" title="오 (삼국) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="오 (삼국)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%82_%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF_(%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8)" title="पूर्वी वू राज्य (प्राचीन चीन) – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="पूर्वी वू राज्य (प्राचीन चीन)" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dni_Wu" title="Istočni Wu – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Istočni Wu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dong_Wu" title="Dong Wu – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Dong Wu" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regno_Wu" title="Regno Wu – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Regno Wu" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Timur" title="Wu Timur – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wu Timur" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%8Fng-ng%C3%B9" title="Sŏng-ngù – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Sŏng-ngù" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D2%AF%D2%AF%D0%BD_%D2%AE_%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%81" title="Зүүн Ү улс – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Зүүн Ү улс" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koninkrijk_Wu" title="Koninkrijk Wu – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koninkrijk Wu" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%91%89_(%E4%B8%89%E5%9B%BD)" title="呉 (三国) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="呉 (三国)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98stre_Wu" title="Østre Wu – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Østre Wu" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu-dynastiet" title="Wu-dynastiet – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wu-dynastiet" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%82_%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C" title="ਪੂਰਵੀ ਵੂ ਰਾਜ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੂਰਵੀ ਵੂ ਰਾਜ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_(Okres_Trzech_Kr%C3%B3lestw)" title="Wu (Okres Trzech Królestw) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wu (Okres Trzech Królestw)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_Oriental" title="Wu Oriental – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wu Oriental" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu_de_Est" title="Wu de Est – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wu de Est" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3_(%D0%A2%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5)" title="У (Троецарствие) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="У (Троецарствие)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastren_Wu" title="Eastren Wu – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Eastren Wu" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%99%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%96" title="නැගෙනහිර වූ – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="නැගෙනහිර වූ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vzhodni_Vu" title="Vzhodni Vu – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Vzhodni Vu" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%95%DB%86%DA%98%DA%BE%DB%95%DA%B5%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%88%D9%88" title="ڕۆژھەڵاتی وو – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڕۆژھەڵاتی وو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%92%D1%83" title="Источни Ву – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Источни Ву" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isto%C4%8Dni_Wu" title="Istočni Wu – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Istočni Wu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wu-kuningaskunta" title="Wu-kuningaskunta – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wu-kuningaskunta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%96stra_Wu" title="Östra Wu – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Östra Wu" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%8A%E0%B8%81" title="ง่อก๊ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ง่อก๊ก" 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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043282317">.mw-parser-output .ib-country{border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country td,.mw-parser-output .ib-country th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedrow .infobox-full-data{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-country .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-header{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.2}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-names{padding-top:0.25em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-name-style{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country .infobox-image{padding:0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-anthem{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding-top:0.5em;margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-largest,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-lang{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-ethnic,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-religion,.mw-parser-output .ib-country-sovereignty{font-weight:normal;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li{text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fake-li2{text-indent:0.5em;margin-left:1em;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-website{line-height:11pt}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-map-caption3{position:relative;top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn{text-align:left;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .ib-country-fn-num{margin-left:1em}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr"><div class="fn org country-name">Wu</div><div class="ib-country-names"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">吳</span></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader">222–280<sup id="cite_ref-Dardess_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dardess-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_Kingdoms.png" class="mw-file-description" title="The territories of Wu (in light greenish grey), as of 262 A.D."><img alt="The territories of Wu (in light greenish grey), as of 262 A.D." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Three_Kingdoms.png/250px-Three_Kingdoms.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="177" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Three_Kingdoms.png/500px-Three_Kingdoms.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1288" data-file-height="912" /></a></span><div class="ib-country-map-caption">The territories of Wu (in light greenish grey), as of 262 A.D.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Wuchang</a><br /><small>(222–229, 265–266)</small><br /> <a href="/wiki/Jiankang" title="Jiankang">Jianye</a><br /><small>(229–265, 266–280)</small></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Common languages</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Han_Chinese" title="Eastern Han Chinese">Eastern Han Chinese</a>, Old Jiangdong Chinese, <a href="/wiki/Wu_Chinese" title="Wu Chinese">Proto-Wu Chinese</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Religion <div class="ib-country-religion"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Taoism" title="Taoism">Taoism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_folk_religion" title="Chinese folk religion">Chinese folk religion</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Government</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Monarchy" title="Monarchy">Monarchy</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">King <span style="font-size:85%;">(222–229)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_China" title="Emperor of China">Emperor</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(229–280)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Nov 222 – May 252 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• May 252 – Nov 258 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Liang" title="Sun Liang">Sun Liang</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Nov 258 – Sep 264 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Xiu_(emperor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Xiu (emperor)">Sun Xiu</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Sep 264 – May 280 </div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Hao" title="Sun Hao">Sun Hao</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Historical era</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Independence from Cao Wei </div></th><td class="infobox-data">222</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• Sun Quan declaring himself Emperor </div></th><td class="infobox-data">229</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Wu_by_Jin" title="Conquest of Wu by Jin">Conquest of Wu by Jin</a> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">31 May 280<sup id="cite_ref-Dardess_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dardess-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 238<sup id="cite_ref-zou_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zou-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,567,000 (disputed)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="text-indent:-0.9em;margin-left:1.2em;font-weight:normal;">• 280<sup id="cite_ref-zou_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-zou-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,535,000 (disputed)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Currency</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Chinese_coinage" title="Ancient Chinese coinage">Chinese coin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cash_(Chinese_coin)" title="Cash (Chinese coin)">Chinese cash</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"> <table style="width:95%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; display:inline-table;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align:center; border:0; padding-bottom:0"><div id="before-after"></div> <b>Preceded by</b></td> <td style="text-align:center;border:0; padding-bottom:0;"><b>Succeeded by</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center; border:0;"> <table style="width:100%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Cao_Wei" title="Cao Wei">Cao Wei</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td> <td style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center;border:0;"> <table style="width:92%; text-align:center; margin:0 auto; border:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)#Western_Jin_(266–316)" title="Jin dynasty (266–420)">Western Jin</a> </td> <td style="border:0; padding:0; vertical-align:middle;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/d2/Blank.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3" data-file-height="2" /></span></span> </td></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Today part of</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="ib-country-fn">Tanner (2009) estimates the Wu population to be about one-sixth of the Han population.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This would be much more than the numbers given in 238 and 280, and could be because of census methods used in ancient China.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Eastern Wu</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%90%B3" class="extiw" title="wikt:東吳">東吳</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%90%B4" class="extiw" title="wikt:东吴">东吴</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Dōng Wú</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Dōng Wú</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Bopo" style="font-style: normal;">ㄉㄨㄥ   ㄨˊ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Spelling_in_Gwoyeu_Romatzyh" title="Spelling in Gwoyeu Romatzyh">Gwoyeu Romatzyh</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Dong Wu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Tung<sup>1</sup> Wu<sup>2</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin" title="Tongyong Pinyin">Tongyong Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Dong Wú</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" title="Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Dūng Wú</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Phonetic_Symbols_II" title="Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II">MPS2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Dūng Wú</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[tʊ́ŋ ǔ]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Dūng Ng̀h</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Dung1 Ng4</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[tóŋ<span class="wrap"> </span>ŋ̩̏]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Southern_Min" title="Southern Min">Southern Min</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hokkien" title="Hokkien">Hokkien</a> <a href="/wiki/Pe%CC%8Dh-%C5%8De-j%C4%AB" title="Pe̍h-ōe-jī">POJ</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Tang Ngô͘  <i>or</i> Tong Ngô͘</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Taiwanese_Romanization_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Taiwanese Romanization System">Tâi-lô</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Min Nan Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="nan-Latn">Tang Ngôo <i>or</i> Tong Ngôo</span></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="color: #202122;background-color:#b0c4de">Sun Wu</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Chinese_characters" title="Traditional Chinese characters">Traditional Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%90%B3" class="extiw" title="wikt:孫吳">孫吳</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Simplified_Chinese_characters" title="Simplified Chinese characters">Simplified Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hans" style="font-size: 1rem;"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E5%AD%99%E5%90%B4" class="extiw" title="wikt:孙吴">孙吴</a></span></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Sūn Wú</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /><table class="infobox-subbox mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="display:inline-table; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%; text-align: left;color: #202122; background-color: #f9ffbc;">Transcriptions</th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Standard_Chinese" title="Standard Chinese">Standard Mandarin</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Hanyu_Pinyin" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanyu Pinyin">Hanyu Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Sūn Wú</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Bopomofo" title="Bopomofo">Bopomofo</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Bopo" style="font-style: normal;">ㄙㄨㄣ   ㄨˊ</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Spelling_in_Gwoyeu_Romatzyh" title="Spelling in Gwoyeu Romatzyh">Gwoyeu Romatzyh</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Suen Wu</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Wade%E2%80%93Giles" title="Wade–Giles">Wade–Giles</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Sun<sup>1</sup> Wu<sup>2</sup></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Tongyong_Pinyin" title="Tongyong Pinyin">Tongyong Pinyin</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Sun Wú</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Mandarin" title="Yale romanization of Mandarin">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Swūn Wú</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Phonetic_Symbols_II" title="Mandarin Phonetic Symbols II">MPS2</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="zh-Latn">Suēn Wú</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA" lang="cmn-Latn-fonipa" style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Mandarin" title="Help:IPA/Mandarin">[swə́n ǔ]</a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122;background-color: #dcffc9;"><a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Yue: Cantonese</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Yale_romanization_of_Cantonese" title="Yale romanization of Cantonese">Yale Romanization</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Syūn Ng̀h</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Jyutping" title="Jyutping">Jyutping</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Yue Chinese-language romanization"><span style="font-style: normal" lang="yue-Latn">Syun1 Ng4</span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">IPA</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="IPA nowrap" lang="yue-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Cantonese" title="Help:IPA/Cantonese">[sýːn<span class="wrap"> </span>ŋ̩̏]</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wu</b> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_language" title="Chinese language">Chinese</a>: 吳; <a href="/wiki/Pinyin" title="Pinyin">pinyin</a>: <i>Wú</i>; <a href="/wiki/Middle_Chinese" title="Middle Chinese">Middle Chinese</a> *<i>ŋuo</i> < <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Han_Chinese" title="Eastern Han Chinese">Eastern Han Chinese</a>: <i>*ŋuɑ</i><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), known in historiography as <b>Eastern Wu</b> or <b>Sun Wu</b>, was a <a href="/wiki/Dynasties_of_China" title="Dynasties of China">dynastic state of China</a> and one of the three major states that competed for supremacy over China in the <a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a> period. It previously existed from 220 to 222 as a <a href="/wiki/Vassal" title="Vassal">vassal</a> kingdom nominally under <a href="/wiki/Cao_Wei" title="Cao Wei">Cao Wei</a>, its rival state, but declared complete independence in November 222. It was elevated to an empire in May 229 after its founding ruler, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a> (Emperor Da), declared himself <a href="/wiki/Emperor_of_China" title="Emperor of China">emperor</a>. </p><p>The name "Wu" was derived from the place it was based in—the <a href="/wiki/Jiangnan" title="Jiangnan">Jiangnan</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River_Delta" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River Delta">Yangtze River Delta</a>) region, which was also historically known as "<a href="/wiki/Wu_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu (region)">Wu</a>". It was called "Dong Wu" ("Eastern Wu") or "Sun Wu" by historians to distinguish it from other Chinese historical states with similar names in that region, such as the <a href="/wiki/Wu_(state)" title="Wu (state)">Wu state</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period" title="Spring and Autumn period">Spring and Autumn period</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wuyue" title="Wuyue">Wuyue</a> kingdom in the <a href="/wiki/Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms_period" title="Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period">Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period</a>. It was called "Eastern Wu" because it occupied most of eastern China in the Three Kingdoms period, and "Sun Wu" because the family name of its rulers was "<a href="/wiki/Sun_(surname)" title="Sun (surname)">Sun</a>". </p><p>During its existence, Wu's capital was sometimes at <a href="/wiki/Jiankang" title="Jiankang">Jianye</a> (present-day <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a>) and sometimes at Wuchang (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">武昌</span></span>; present-day <a href="/wiki/Ezhou" title="Ezhou">Ezhou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WuJar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/WuJar.jpg/250px-WuJar.jpg" decoding="async" width="242" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/WuJar.jpg/500px-WuJar.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="967" data-file-height="1387" /></a><figcaption>A jar made in Eastern Wu dating to the <a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a> period</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Beginnings_and_founding">Beginnings and founding</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Beginnings and founding"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chibi.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chibi.jpg/250px-Chibi.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chibi.jpg/330px-Chibi.jpg 2x" data-file-width="416" data-file-height="350" /></a><figcaption>Before the dynasty of Eastern Wu was established, the territory was defended by the Sun clan in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Red_Cliffs" title="Battle of Red Cliffs">Battle of Red Cliffs</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Towards the <a href="/wiki/End_of_the_Han_dynasty" title="End of the Han dynasty">end of the Han dynasty</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Ce" title="Sun Ce">Sun Ce</a>, the eldest son of the warlord <a href="/wiki/Sun_Jian" title="Sun Jian">Sun Jian</a>, and his followers borrowed troops from the warlord <a href="/wiki/Yuan_Shu" title="Yuan Shu">Yuan Shu</a> and embarked on <a href="/wiki/Sun_Ce%27s_conquests_in_Jiangdong" title="Sun Ce's conquests in Jiangdong">a series of military conquests</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Jiangnan" title="Jiangnan">Jiangdong</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wu_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu (region)">Wu</a> regions between 194 and 199, seizing several territories previously occupied by warlords such as <a href="/wiki/Liu_Yao_(warlord)" title="Liu Yao (warlord)">Liu Yao</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yan_Baihu" title="Yan Baihu">Yan Baihu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wang_Lang_(Cao_Wei)" title="Wang Lang (Cao Wei)">Wang Lang</a>. Sun Ce <a href="/wiki/Campaign_against_Yuan_Shu" title="Campaign against Yuan Shu">broke off relations with Yuan Shu around 196–197</a> after the latter declared himself emperor—an act deemed as treason against <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Xian_of_Han" title="Emperor Xian of Han">Emperor Xian</a>, the figurehead ruler of the Han dynasty. The warlord <a href="/wiki/Cao_Cao" title="Cao Cao">Cao Cao</a>, who was the <i>de facto</i> head of government in the Han imperial court, asked Emperor Xian to grant Sun Ce the title of "Marquis of Wu" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">吳侯</span></span>). </p><p>Sun Ce was assassinated in the summer of 200 and was succeeded by his younger brother, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a>. Sun Quan, like his elder brother, also paid nominal allegiance to Emperor Xian while maintaining autonomous rule over the Wu territories. In 208, Sun Quan allied with the warlord <a href="/wiki/Liu_Bei" title="Liu Bei">Liu Bei</a> and they combined forces to defeat Cao Cao at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Red_Cliffs" title="Battle of Red Cliffs">Battle of Red Cliffs</a>. Sun Quan and Liu Bei maintained their alliance against Cao Cao after the battle for the next ten years or so, despite having some territorial disputes over <a href="/wiki/Jingzhou_(ancient_China)" title="Jingzhou (ancient China)">Jing Province</a>. In 219, Sun Quan severed ties with Liu Bei when he sent his general <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Meng" title="Lü Meng">Lü Meng</a> to <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Meng%27s_invasion_of_Jing_Province" title="Lü Meng's invasion of Jing Province">invade Liu's territories in Jing Province</a>. <a href="/wiki/Guan_Yu" title="Guan Yu">Guan Yu</a>, who was defending Liu Bei's assets in Jing Province, was captured and executed by Sun Quan's forces. After that, the boundaries of Sun Quan's domain extended from beyond the Jiangdong region to include the southern part of Jing Province, which covered roughly present-day <a href="/wiki/Hunan" title="Hunan">Hunan</a> and parts of <a href="/wiki/Hubei" title="Hubei">Hubei</a>. </p><p>In 220, Cao Cao's son and successor, <a href="/wiki/Cao_Pi" title="Cao Pi">Cao Pi</a>, ended the Han dynasty by forcing Emperor Xian to abdicate in his favour and established the state of <a href="/wiki/Cao_Wei" title="Cao Wei">Cao Wei</a>. Sun Quan agreed to submit to Wei and was granted the title of a vassal king, "King of Wu" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">吳王</span></span>), by Cao Pi. A year later, Liu Bei declared himself emperor and founded the state of <a href="/wiki/Shu_Han" title="Shu Han">Shu Han</a>. In 222, Liu Bei launched a military campaign against Sun Quan to take back Jing Province and avenge Guan Yu, leading to the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Xiaoting" title="Battle of Xiaoting">Battle of Xiaoting</a>. However, Liu Bei suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Sun Quan's general <a href="/wiki/Lu_Xun_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lu Xun (Three Kingdoms)">Lu Xun</a> and was forced to retreat to <a href="/wiki/Baidicheng" title="Baidicheng">Baidicheng</a>, where he died a year later. </p><p>Liu Bei's successor, <a href="/wiki/Liu_Shan" title="Liu Shan">Liu Shan</a>, and his regent, <a href="/wiki/Zhuge_Liang" title="Zhuge Liang">Zhuge Liang</a>, made peace with Sun Quan later and reaffirmed their previous alliance. Sun Quan declared independence from Wei in 222, but continued to rule as "King of Wu" until 229, when he declared himself "Emperor of Wu". His legitimacy was recognised by Shu. </p><p>To distinguish the state from other historical Chinese states of the same name, historians have added a relevant character to the state's original name: the state that called itself "Wu" (吳) is also known as "Eastern Wu" (東吳; Dōng Wú) or "Sun Wu" (孫吳). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sun_Quan's_reign"><span id="Sun_Quan.27s_reign"></span>Sun Quan's reign</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sun Quan's reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sun Quan ruled for over 30 years and his long reign resulted in stability in southern China. During his reign, Wu engaged Wei in numerous wars, including the battles of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Ruxu_(222%E2%80%93223)" title="Battle of Ruxu (222–223)">Ruxu</a> (222–223), <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Shiting" title="Battle of Shiting">Shiting</a> (228), and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hefei_(234)" title="Battle of Hefei (234)">Hefei</a> (234). However, Wu never managed to gain any territory north of the Yangtze River while Wei also never succeeded in conquering the lands south of the Yangtze. </p><p>A succession struggle broke out between Sun Quan's sons in the later part of his reign—Sun Quan installed <a href="/wiki/Sun_He_(Zixiao)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun He (Zixiao)">Sun He</a> as the <a href="/wiki/Crown_prince" title="Crown prince">crown prince</a> in 242 after his former heir apparent, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Deng_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Sun Deng (Eastern Wu)">Sun Deng</a>, died in 241, but Sun He soon became involved in a rivalry with his younger brother, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Ba" title="Sun Ba">Sun Ba</a>. The conflict resulted in the emergence of two rivalling factions, each supporting either Sun He or Sun Ba, in Sun Quan's imperial court. Sun Quan eventually deposed Sun He and forced Sun Ba to commit suicide, while <a href="/wiki/Lu_Xun_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lu Xun (Three Kingdoms)">Lu Xun</a> and many other ministers who took either Sun He's or Sun Ba's side in the struggle met with unhappy ends. 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style="background:#FFEECC;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of <a href="/wiki/Category:History_of_China" title="Category:History of China">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle"><a href="/wiki/History_of_China" title="History of China">History of China</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span class="notpageimage mw-no-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/History_of_China" title="History of China"><img alt="History of China in Chinese characters and seal script" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading.svg/200px-%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading.svg/300px-%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading.svg/400px-%22History_of_China%22_for_template_heading.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="121" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Chinese_history" title="Timeline of Chinese history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynasties_of_China" title="Dynasties of China">Dynasties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_historiography" title="Chinese historiography">Historiography</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFE4B5;border-top: 1px solid #666;border-bottom: 1px solid #666;color: #000 !important;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Prehistory_of_China" title="Prehistory of China">Prehistoric</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background: #f0faff; text-align: left"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Paleolithic_sites_in_China" title="List of Paleolithic sites in China">Paleolithic</a></b></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_Neolithic_cultures_of_China" title="List of Neolithic cultures of China">Neolithic</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 8500</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2000 BCE</span>)</span></li></ul> <dl><dd><b><a href="/wiki/Yellow_River_civilization" title="Yellow River civilization">Yellow</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/Yangtze_civilization" title="Yangtze civilization">Yangtze</a></b>, and <b><a href="/wiki/Liao_civilization" title="Liao civilization">Liao civilization</a></b></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFE4B5;border-top: 1px solid #666;border-bottom: 1px solid #666;color: #000 !important;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Ancient_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient China">Ancient</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background: #eeffe8; text-align: left"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Xia_dynasty" title="Xia dynasty">Xia</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 2070</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1600 BCE</span>)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Shang_dynasty" title="Shang dynasty">Shang</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1600</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1046 BCE</span>)</span></li></ul> <dl><dd><b><a href="/wiki/Late_Shang" title="Late Shang">Late Shang</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1250</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1046</span> BCE)</span></dd></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Zhou_dynasty" title="Zhou dynasty">Zhou</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1046</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 256 BCE</span>)</span></li></ul> <dl><dd><b><a href="/wiki/Western_Zhou" title="Western Zhou">Western Zhou</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(1046–771 BCE)</span></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Zhou" title="Eastern Zhou">Eastern Zhou</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(771–256 BCE)</span> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Spring_and_Autumn_period" title="Spring and Autumn period">Spring and Autumn</a> <span class="nowrap">(<span title="circa">c.</span><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 770</span> – c.<span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 476 BCE</span>)</span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Warring_States_period" title="Warring States period">Warring States</a> <span class="nowrap">(475–221 BCE)</span></dd></dl></dd></dl></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFE4B5;border-top: 1px solid #666;border-bottom: 1px solid #666;color: #000 !important;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Imperial_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial China">Imperial</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background: #fffde9; text-align: left"><div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" aria-label="Navbox"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #fffde9; text-align: left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Qin_dynasty" title="Qin dynasty">Qin</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(221–207 BCE)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty" title="Han dynasty">Han</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(206 BCE – 220 CE)</span></li></ul> <dl><dd><b><a href="/wiki/Chu%E2%80%93Han_Contention" title="Chu–Han Contention">Chu–Han Contention</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(206–202 BCE)</span></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty#Western_Han" title="Han dynasty">Western Han</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(202 BCE – 9 CE)</span></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Xin_dynasty" title="Xin dynasty">Xin</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(9–23 CE)</span></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Han_dynasty#Eastern_Han" title="Han dynasty">Eastern Han</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(25–220 CE)</span></dd></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(220–280 CE)</span></li></ul> <dl><dd><b><a href="/wiki/Cao_Wei" title="Cao Wei">Wei</a></b>, <b><a href="/wiki/Shu_Han" title="Shu Han">Shu</a></b>, and <b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wu</a></b></dd></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)" title="Jin dynasty (266–420)">Jin</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(266–420)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" aria-label="Navbox"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;background: #fffde9; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <dl><dd><b><a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)#Western_Jin_(266–316)" title="Jin dynasty (266–420)">Western Jin</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(266–316)</span></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(266%E2%80%93420)#Eastern_Jin_(317–420)" title="Jin dynasty (266–420)">Eastern Jin</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(317–420)</span></dd></dl> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><br /></li> <li><br /></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sixteen_Kingdoms" title="Sixteen Kingdoms">Sixteen Kingdoms</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(304–439)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <hr /> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" aria-label="Navbox"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #fffde9; text-align: left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Northern_and_Southern_dynasties" title="Northern and Southern dynasties">Northern and<br />Southern dynasties</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(420–589)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Sui_dynasty" title="Sui dynasty">Sui</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(581–618)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(618–907)</span> <ul><li><dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Wu_Zhou" title="Wu Zhou">Wu Zhou</a> <span class="nowrap">(690–705)</span></dd></dl></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <hr /> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" aria-label="Navbox"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;background: #fffde9; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Five_Dynasties_and_Ten_Kingdoms_period" title="Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period">Five Dynasties and<br />Ten Kingdoms</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(907–979)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty" title="Song dynasty">Song</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(960–1279)</span></li></ul> <dl><dd><b><a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty#Northern_Song,_960–1127" title="Song dynasty">Northern Song</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(960–1127)</span></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Song_dynasty#Southern_Song,_1127–1279" title="Song dynasty">Southern Song</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(1127–1279)</span></dd></dl> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><br /></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Liao_dynasty" title="Liao dynasty">Liao</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(916–1125)</span></li> <li><br /></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Western_Xia" title="Western Xia">Western Xia</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(1038–1227)</span></li> <li><br /></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(1115%E2%80%931234)" title="Jin dynasty (1115–1234)">Jin</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(1115–1234)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <hr /> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" aria-label="Navbox"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background: #fffde9; text-align: left"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Yuan_dynasty" title="Yuan dynasty">Yuan</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(1271–1368)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ming_dynasty" title="Ming dynasty">Ming</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(1368–1644)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Qing_dynasty" title="Qing dynasty">Qing</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(1644–1912)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFE4B5;border-top: 1px solid #666;border-bottom: 1px solid #666;color: #000 !important;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c"><a href="/wiki/Modern_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern China">Modern</a></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content" style="background: #fff0f6; text-align: left"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China_(1912%E2%80%931949)" title="Republic of China (1912–1949)">Republic of China</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(mainland, 1912–1949)</span></li></ul> <hr /> <div class="navbox-styles"></div><div role="navigation" aria-label="Navbox"><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;background: #fff0f6; text-align: left;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;"><tbody><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td style="width:5em">   </td><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Republic of China">People's Republic<br />of China</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(1949–present)</span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:50%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of China">Republic of China</a></b> <span class="nowrap">(Taiwan,<br />1949–present)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed hlist"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:#FFE4B5;border-top: 1px solid #666;border-bottom: 1px solid #666;color: #000 !important;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="sidebar-list-title-c">Related articles</div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_art#History_and_development" title="Chinese art">Art history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economic_history_of_China" title="Economic history of China">Economic history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_education_in_China" title="History of education in China">Education history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_history_of_China" title="Legal history of China">Legal history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_history_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in China">LGBT history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_history_of_China" title="Media history of China">Media history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_China#History" title="Music of China">Music history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Chinese_music" title="Timeline of Chinese music">Timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_China_before_1912" title="Military history of China before 1912">Military history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_history_of_China" title="Naval history of China">Naval history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_religion_in_China" title="History of religion in China">History of religion in China</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Christianity_in_China" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Christianity in China">Christianity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_China" title="History of the Jews in China">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islam_in_China" title="History of Islam in China">Islam</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_science_and_technology_in_China" title="History of science and technology in China">Science and technology history</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Chinese_archaeology" title="History of Chinese archaeology">Archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartography_of_China" title="Cartography of China">Cartography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_discoveries" title="List of Chinese discoveries">Discoveries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Chinese_inventions" title="List of Chinese inventions">Inventions</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_transport_in_China" title="History of transport in China">Transport history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_ancient_and_imperial_China" title="Women in ancient and imperial China">Women's history</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_China" title="Template:History of China"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_China" title="Template talk:History of China"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_China" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of China"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Reigns_of_Sun_Liang_and_Sun_Xiu">Reigns of Sun Liang and Sun Xiu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Reigns of Sun Liang and Sun Xiu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sun Quan died in 252 and was succeeded by Sun Liang, with <a href="/wiki/Zhuge_Ke" title="Zhuge Ke">Zhuge Ke</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sun_Jun_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Jun (Three Kingdoms)">Sun Jun</a> serving as regents. In 253, Zhuge Ke was assassinated in a coup launched by Sun Jun, and the state power of Wu fell into Sun Jun's hands and was passed on to his cousin, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Chen" title="Sun Chen">Sun Chen</a>, after his death. During Sun Liang's reign, <a href="/wiki/Three_Rebellions_in_Shouchun" title="Three Rebellions in Shouchun">two rebellions</a> broke out in the Wei garrison at Shouchun (around present-day <a href="/wiki/Shou_County" title="Shou County">Shou County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a>) in 255 and 257–258. Sun Jun and Sun Chen led Wu forces to support the rebels in the first and second rebellions respectively in the hope of making some territorial gains in Wei, but both revolts were suppressed and the Wu forces retreated after suffering many losses. </p><p>Sun Liang was deposed in 258 by Sun Chen, who installed <a href="/wiki/Sun_Xiu_(emperor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Xiu (emperor)">Sun Xiu</a>, another son of Sun Quan, on the throne. Sun Xiu killed Sun Chen later in a coup with the help of <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Bu_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Zhang Bu (Eastern Wu)">Zhang Bu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ding_Feng_(general)" title="Ding Feng (general)">Ding Feng</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fall_of_Wu">Fall of Wu</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Fall of Wu"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sun Xiu died of illness in 264, a year after <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Shu_by_Wei" title="Conquest of Shu by Wei">Shu was conquered by Wei</a>. At the time, Wu was experiencing internal turmoil because rebellions had broken out in <a href="/wiki/Jiaozhi#Three_Kingdoms" title="Jiaozhi">Jiaozhi</a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">交趾</span></span>) in the south. The ministers <a href="/wiki/Puyang_Xing" title="Puyang Xing">Puyang Xing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wan_Yu" title="Wan Yu">Wan Yu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Bu_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Zhang Bu (Eastern Wu)">Zhang Bu</a> decided to install Sun He's son, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Hao" title="Sun Hao">Sun Hao</a>, on the throne. </p><p>In the beginning of Sun Hao's reign, the emperor reduced taxes, gave relief to the poor, and granted freedom to a large number of palace maids. However, Sun Hao gradually became more cruel and superstitious and started indulging in wine and women instead of finding ways to revive his declining state. Sun Hao's tyranny caused widespread anger and hatred towards him in Wu, but it was due to the efforts of officials such as <a href="/wiki/Lu_Kai" title="Lu Kai">Lu Kai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lu_Kang_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lu Kang (Three Kingdoms)">Lu Kang</a> that Wu was able to remain relatively stable and peaceful. </p><p>In February 266, <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Jin" title="Emperor Wu of Jin">Sima Yan</a> ended the state of Cao Wei by forcing its last ruler, <a href="/wiki/Cao_Huan" title="Cao Huan">Cao Huan</a>, to abdicate in his favour, and then established the <a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(265%E2%80%93420)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jin dynasty (265–420)">Jin dynasty</a>. In 279, Jin forces led by <a href="/wiki/Du_Yu" title="Du Yu">Du Yu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wang_Jun_(Jin_dynasty)" title="Wang Jun (Jin dynasty)">Wang Jun</a> and others attacked Wu from six directions. Sun Hao attempted to put up resistance by sending his armies to fight the Jin invaders, but the Wu forces suffered several consecutive defeats and even the Wu chancellor, <a href="/wiki/Zhang_Ti" title="Zhang Ti">Zhang Ti</a>, was killed in action. Seeing that Wu was doomed to fall, Sun Hao surrendered to the Jin dynasty on 31 May 280,<sup id="cite_ref-Dardess_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dardess-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> marking the end of Wu and the end of the <a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a> period. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government_and_military">Government and military</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Government and military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Despite Sun Quan proclaiming himself emperor in 229, its politics reflected its warlord origins. When Wu was initially founded its military was dominated by famed generals who had gained their positions through prowess and pluck. These generals were celebrated for their <a href="/wiki/Individualism" title="Individualism">individualism</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Politics within the court were often influenced by conflicts between powerful families and individuals. Positions within the court were inherited from one generation to the next unlike the Han dynasty's <a href="/wiki/Bureaucracy" title="Bureaucracy">bureaucracy</a>. However, over time, the influence ultimately would move away from the <a href="/wiki/Central_government" title="Central government">central government</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Outside of the court, families displayed their own independent authority. Wu, at times, was to a certain extent run for the protection of particular families.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Eastern Wu era was a formative period in <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Vietnamese history">Vietnamese history</a>. The ruler of <a href="/wiki/Jiaozhou_(region)" title="Jiaozhou (region)">Jiaozhou</a> (modern <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>), <a href="/wiki/Shi_Xie" title="Shi Xie">Shi Xie</a>, is primarily remembered today in <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a> as <a href="/wiki/S%C4%A9_Nhi%E1%BA%BFp" class="mw-redirect" title="Sĩ Nhiếp">Sĩ Nhiếp</a>. According to <a href="/w/index.php?title=Stephen_O%27Harrow&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stephen O'Harrow (page does not exist)">Stephen O'Harrow</a>, Shi Xie was essentially "the first Vietnamese."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Crespigny2007739_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Crespigny2007739-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally satisfied with Eastern Wu's rule, the <a href="/wiki/Vietnamese_people" title="Vietnamese people">Vietnamese</a> opposed <a href="/wiki/Shi_Hui_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shi Hui (Three Kingdoms)">Shi Hui</a>'s rebellion against Eastern Wu and attacked him for it. However, when the Wu general <a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Dai" title="Lü Dai">Lü Dai</a> betrayed Shi Hui and executed the entire Shi family, the Vietnamese became greatly upset. In 248, the people of <a href="/wiki/Jiaozhi" title="Jiaozhi">Jiaozhi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jiuzhen" title="Jiuzhen">Jiuzhen</a> commanderies rebelled. Eastern Wu sent <a href="/wiki/Lu_Yin_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lu Yin (Three Kingdoms)">Lu Yin</a> to deal with the rebels. He managed to pacify the rebels with a combination of threats and persuasion. However the rebels regrouped under the leadership of <a href="/wiki/Lady_Tri%E1%BB%87u" title="Lady Triệu">Lady Triệu</a> in Jiuzhen and renewed the rebellion with a march on Jiaozhi. According to the <i><a href="/wiki/%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i_Vi%E1%BB%87t_s%E1%BB%AD_k%C3%BD_to%C3%A0n_th%C6%B0" title="Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư">Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư</a></i> (Complete Annals of Đại Việt), Lady Triệu had long breasts that reached her shoulders and rode into battle on an elephant. After several months of warfare she was defeated and committed suicide.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaylor198370_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETaylor198370-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Language,_culture_and_economy"><span id="Language.2C_culture_and_economy"></span>Language, culture and economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Language, culture and economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CottonPlant.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/CottonPlant.JPG/250px-CottonPlant.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/CottonPlant.JPG/330px-CottonPlant.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/CottonPlant.JPG/500px-CottonPlant.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2100" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>Shu Han exported cotton into Eastern Wu.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Celadon_Storehouse_and_Courtyard,_Ezhou.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Celadon_Storehouse_and_Courtyard%2C_Ezhou.jpg/260px-Celadon_Storehouse_and_Courtyard%2C_Ezhou.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Celadon_Storehouse_and_Courtyard%2C_Ezhou.jpg/390px-Celadon_Storehouse_and_Courtyard%2C_Ezhou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Celadon_Storehouse_and_Courtyard%2C_Ezhou.jpg/520px-Celadon_Storehouse_and_Courtyard%2C_Ezhou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Celadon Storehouse and Courtyard. Wu Kingdom.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bullock-cart,_Echeng.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Bullock-cart%2C_Echeng.jpg/220px-Bullock-cart%2C_Echeng.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Bullock-cart%2C_Echeng.jpg/330px-Bullock-cart%2C_Echeng.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/de/Bullock-cart%2C_Echeng.jpg/440px-Bullock-cart%2C_Echeng.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Pottery Bullock-cart. Wu Kingdom.</figcaption></figure> <p>The culture of Wu was most solidified under the reign of Sun Quan from 229 to 252. Migrations from the north and the needed settlement from the <a href="/wiki/Shanyue" title="Shanyue">Shanyue</a> barbarians made it possible for the increase in manpower, agriculture, and settling the lower most parts of Wu. Along with that, river transportation became a huge factor and flourished as the <a href="/wiki/Jiangnan" title="Jiangnan">Jiangnan</a> and Zhedong canals were finished with construction. After the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Xiaoting" title="Battle of Xiaoting">Battle of Xiaoting</a> and during the <a href="/wiki/Cao_Pi%27s_invasions_of_Eastern_Wu" title="Cao Pi's invasions of Eastern Wu">invasions of Wu</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cao_Wei" title="Cao Wei">Wei</a> in the 220s, Shu was able to reestablish their trade and relationships with Wu. Shu's cotton was a great influx for Wu, and the development of shipbuilding, salt,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and metal industries was greatly increased. </p><p>The fact of inflation and economic problems still were in existence since the Han dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=24_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=24-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sun Quan tried to start a currency of large coins manufactured by copper. He also tried to prohibit private minting. This policy was terminated in 246 due to ineffectiveness.<sup id="cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=24_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=24-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Eastern Wu was able to make close overseas trade with countries such as Vietnam and Cambodia.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Wu also traded with India and the Middle East.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The language of Eastern Wu was identified with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Old_Jiangdong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Old Jiangdong (page does not exist)">Old Jiangdong</a> (古江東方言), the speech of the Jiangdong area (<a href="/wiki/Jiangxi" title="Jiangxi">Jiangxi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zhejiang" title="Zhejiang">Zhejiang</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fujian" title="Fujian">Fujian</a>, Southern <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a>); this dialect, which was already different from northern speech, is described in <a href="/wiki/Shishuo_Xinyu" class="mw-redirect" title="Shishuo Xinyu">Shishuo Xinyu</a> 世说新语 by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Liu_Yiqing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liu Yiqing (page does not exist)">Liu Yiqing</a> (刘义庆, 403-444), which narrates that <a href="/wiki/Wang_Dao" title="Wang Dao">Wang Dao</a> learned the idiom after fleeing in Jiankang, today's <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>. </p><p>In the end, <a href="/wiki/Proto-Wu" class="mw-redirect" title="Proto-Wu">proto-Wu</a> emerged as the unified proto-language from which every contemporary <a href="/wiki/Wu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu language">Wu language</a> is spoken. Wu dialects have striking similarities to <a href="/wiki/Early_Middle_Chinese" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Middle Chinese">Early Middle Chinese</a> as described in the <a href="/wiki/Qieyun" title="Qieyun">Qieyun</a> phonological system. A reconstruction of proto-Wu was attempted by William Harvey Ballard in 1969.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Civil_matters">Civil matters</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Civil matters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Personages with clerical or scholarly abilities had roles to play within the state, but the policies were more determined by those of military command.<sup id="cite_ref-cres4i-4_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cres4i-4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, every Wu army was in need of administrative support and, according to <a href="/wiki/Rafe_de_Crespigny" title="Rafe de Crespigny">Rafe de Crespigny</a>, certain scholars were "recognised as practical counsellors, regardless of their fighting prowess or their ability to command troops in the field."<sup id="cite_ref-cres4i-4_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cres4i-4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under the reign of <a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a>, he needed a strong role of advisors and secretaries in order to keep his link of power in a maintained level. Sun Quan's prestige in dealing with hostiles and friendly relations called for the establishment of a controlled form of an imperial government for the empire of Wu. Sun Quan also created the opportunity for people residing within Wu to gain prestige and influence throughout the empire and the surrounding establishments with the duty of being an envoy.<sup id="cite_ref-cres4i-4_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cres4i-4-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Following the death of <a href="/wiki/Cao_Pi" title="Cao Pi">Cao Pi</a> in 226, Sun Quan strongly promoted his kingdom to focus on agriculture because the threat from Wei was lifted.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, <a href="/wiki/Lu_Xun_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lu Xun (Three Kingdoms)">Lu Xun</a> suggested to Sun Quan that military commanders should become involved in the colonization of land. Sun Quan quickly accepted and he, along with his sons would execute the memorial presented by Lu Xun.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, in 240, Sun Quan restrained Lu Xun's idea and refocused on agricultural works, because Wu came to suffer a severe famine.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 234, when <a href="/wiki/Zhuge_Ke" title="Zhuge Ke">Zhuge Ke</a> was in control of affairs in the south, he strongly ignored the colonisation order and viciously ordered the agriculture factor, often starving enemies into submission.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legacy">Legacy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Eastern_Wu_green_glaze_pottery_jar_(top).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Eastern_Wu_green_glaze_pottery_jar_%28top%29.JPG/300px-Eastern_Wu_green_glaze_pottery_jar_%28top%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Eastern_Wu_green_glaze_pottery_jar_%28top%29.JPG/450px-Eastern_Wu_green_glaze_pottery_jar_%28top%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/31/Eastern_Wu_green_glaze_pottery_jar_%28top%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>An Eastern Wu green-glaze ceramic jar with human figures, birds, and architecture on display in the <a href="/wiki/Nanjing_Museum" title="Nanjing Museum">Nanjing Museum</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Painted_Iacquer_narrow_table_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_2012-05.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Painted Iacquer dish unearthed from the tomb of Zhuran" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Painted_Iacquer_narrow_table_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_2012-05.JPG/300px-Painted_Iacquer_narrow_table_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_2012-05.JPG" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Painted_Iacquer_narrow_table_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_2012-05.JPG/450px-Painted_Iacquer_narrow_table_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_2012-05.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Painted_Iacquer_narrow_table_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_2012-05.JPG/600px-Painted_Iacquer_narrow_table_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_2012-05.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Painted <a href="/wiki/Lacquerware" title="Lacquerware">lacquerware</a> table from the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Ran" title="Zhu Ran">Zhu Ran</a> (182–249) in <a href="/wiki/Anhui_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Anhui province">Anhui province</a>, Eastern Wu period, showing figures wearing silk <i><a href="/wiki/Hanfu" title="Hanfu">Hanfu</a></i> attire</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tomb_of_Zhuran_04_2012-05.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tomb_of_Zhuran_04_2012-05.JPG/220px-Tomb_of_Zhuran_04_2012-05.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tomb_of_Zhuran_04_2012-05.JPG/330px-Tomb_of_Zhuran_04_2012-05.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Tomb_of_Zhuran_04_2012-05.JPG/440px-Tomb_of_Zhuran_04_2012-05.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320" /></a><figcaption>Entrance to the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Ran" title="Zhu Ran">Zhu Ran</a> (182–249) in <a href="/wiki/Anhui_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Anhui province">Anhui province</a>, Eastern Wu period</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti 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srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_01_2012-05.JPG/330px-Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_01_2012-05.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_01_2012-05.JPG/500px-Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_01_2012-05.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320" /></a></span></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:182px;max-width:182px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_02_2012-05.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_02_2012-05.JPG/180px-Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_02_2012-05.JPG" decoding="async" width="180" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_02_2012-05.JPG/270px-Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_02_2012-05.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_02_2012-05.JPG/360px-Painted_Iacquer_dish_unearthed_from_the_tomb_of_Zhuran_02_2012-05.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3240" data-file-height="4320" /></a></span></div></div></div><div class="trow" style="display:flex"><div class="thumbcaption">Painted <a href="/wiki/Lacquerware" title="Lacquerware">lacquerware</a> dishes from the tomb of <a href="/wiki/Zhu_Ran" title="Zhu Ran">Zhu Ran</a> (182–249) in <a href="/wiki/Anhui_province" class="mw-redirect" title="Anhui province">Anhui province</a>, Eastern Wu period, showing figures wearing silk <i><a href="/wiki/Hanfu" title="Hanfu">Hanfu</a></i> attire</div></div></div></div> <p>Under the rule of Wu, the <a href="/wiki/Yangtze_River_Delta" class="mw-redirect" title="Yangtze River Delta">Yangtze River Delta</a> region, regarded in early history as a barbaric "jungle", developed into one of the commercial, cultural, and political centres of China. The achievements of Wu in the south marked the coming of Chinese civilization to the farthest southern reaches of the empire.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 230, the island of Yizhou was reached by the Chinese during the Three Kingdoms period under the reign of Sun Quan.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Contact with the native population and the dispatch of officials to an island named "Yizhou" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">夷州</span></span>) by the Wu navy might have been to <a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a>, but the location of Yizhou is open to dispute; some historians believe it was Taiwan, while others believe it was the <a href="/wiki/Ryukyu_Islands" title="Ryukyu Islands">Ryukyu Islands</a>. Wu merchants also may have reached <a href="/wiki/Southern_Vietnam" title="Southern Vietnam">Southern Vietnam</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a>. Failed protection of <a href="/wiki/Gongsun_Yuan" title="Gongsun Yuan">Gongsun Yuan</a> also was in existence when the latter <a href="/wiki/Sima_Yi%27s_Liaodong_campaign" title="Sima Yi's Liaodong campaign">rebelled against Wei</a>. This was because of the waterway's difficulties. Such things cost Wu, and the achievements supposedly gained within Taiwan did not cover this problem and Sun Quan lost his vassal.<sup id="cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later on in the existence of Wu, the once great military was turned to an unimpressive one. It was most likely an easy task to take <a href="/wiki/Hefei" title="Hefei">Hefei</a> from Wei, but Wu could not do so. Since the 230s, this task was made harder due to the "New City", a heavily fortified castle built at Hefei by Wei.<sup id="cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the greatest failures to accomplish something later on in Wu's reign was during 255 and during the last few years of the 250s. When <a href="/wiki/Guanqiu_Jian" title="Guanqiu Jian">Guanqiu Jian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wen_Qin" title="Wen Qin">Wen Qin</a> <a href="/wiki/Second_Rebellion_in_Shouchun" class="mw-redirect" title="Second Rebellion in Shouchun">rebelled</a> against Wei, Wu promised to help the two in Shouchun (around present-day <a href="/wiki/Shou_County" title="Shou County">Shou County</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anhui" title="Anhui">Anhui</a>). However, the Wu forces never made it in time before the rebellion was quashed by <a href="/wiki/Sima_Shi" title="Sima Shi">Sima Shi</a> and the Wei forces. When <a href="/wiki/Zhuge_Dan" title="Zhuge Dan">Zhuge Dan</a> launched a <a href="/wiki/Third_Rebellion_in_Shouchun" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Rebellion in Shouchun">massive full-scale rebellion</a>, the Wu forces suffered a great defeat as they lent a great quantity of manpower to Zhuge Dan's cause. Shouchun was quickly regained by Wei under <a href="/wiki/Sima_Zhao" title="Sima Zhao">Sima Zhao</a>'s command.<sup id="cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10_25-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Shu_by_Wei" title="Conquest of Shu by Wei">conquest of Shu by Wei</a> in 263, Wu could not fully lend support to their allies due to a revolt in Vietnam.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The decline of Wu was long in existence since the death of <a href="/wiki/Lu_Xun_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lu Xun (Three Kingdoms)">Lu Xun</a> in 245 and the death of Sun Quan in 252. Sun Quan's successors could do little for the empire. <a href="/wiki/Zhuge_Ke" title="Zhuge Ke">Zhuge Ke</a> was assassinated by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Jun_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Jun (Three Kingdoms)">Sun Jun</a> in 253 after a <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Hefei_(253)" title="Battle of Hefei (253)">failed invasion of Hefei</a> following the Wu victory over an invading Wei force at <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Dongxing" title="Battle of Dongxing">Dongxing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ding_Feng_(general)" title="Ding Feng (general)">Ding Feng</a> also ended up killing <a href="/wiki/Sun_Chen" title="Sun Chen">Sun Chen</a> under orders from <a href="/wiki/Sun_Xiu_(emperor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Xiu (emperor)">Sun Xiu</a>. Corruption plagued Wu, which led to an easy <a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Wu_by_Jin" title="Conquest of Wu by Jin">conquest of Wu</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(265-420)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jin dynasty (265-420)">Jin dynasty</a> in 280. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_territories">List of territories</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: List of territories"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption>Territories of Eastern Wu </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Zhou_(country_subdivision)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhou (country subdivision)">Province</a></th> <th>Provincial capital</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Commandery_(China)" title="Commandery (China)">Commandery</a></th> <th>Commandery capital</th> <th>No. of counties </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="16"><a href="/wiki/Yangzhou_(ancient_China)" title="Yangzhou (ancient China)">Yang</a><br />揚</td> <td rowspan="16">Jianye<br />建業<br />(now <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>)</td> <td>Danyang<br />丹陽</td> <td>Jianye<br />建業</td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">吳</span></span></td> <td>Wu County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">吳縣</span></span></td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Qichun<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">蘄春</span></span></td> <td>Qichun<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">蘄春</span></span></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kuaiji_Commandery" title="Kuaiji Commandery">Kuaiji</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">會稽</span></span></td> <td>Shanyin County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">山陰縣</span></span></td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yuzhang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">豫章</span></span></td> <td>Nanchang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">南昌</span></span></td> <td>16 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lujiang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">廬江</span></span></td> <td>Wan County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">皖縣</span></span></td> <td>2 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Luling<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">廬陵</span></span></td> <td>Gaochang County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">高昌縣</span></span></td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Poyang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">鄱陽</span></span></td> <td>Poyang County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">鄱陽縣</span></span></td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Xindu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">新都</span></span></td> <td>Shixin County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">始新縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Linchuan<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">臨川</span></span></td> <td>Nancheng County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">南城縣</span></span></td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Linhai<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">臨海</span></span></td> <td>Zhang'an County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">章安縣</span></span></td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jian'an<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">建安</span></span></td> <td>Jian'an County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">建安縣</span></span></td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wuxing<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">吳興</span></span></td> <td>Wucheng County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">烏程縣</span></span></td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Dongyang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">東陽</span></span></td> <td>Changshan County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">長山縣</span></span></td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Piling<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">毗陵典農校尉</span></span></td> <td>Piling County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">毗陵縣</span></span></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>South Luling<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">廬陵南部都尉</span></span></td> <td>Yudu County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">雩都縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="17"><a href="/wiki/Jingzhou_(ancient_China)" title="Jingzhou (ancient China)">Jing</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">荊</span></span></td> <td rowspan="17">Jiangling<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">江陵</span></span><br />(now <a href="/wiki/Jingzhou" title="Jingzhou">Jingzhou</a>)</td> <td>Nan<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">南</span></span></td> <td>Jiangling<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">江陵</span></span></td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wuling<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">武陵</span></span></td> <td>Linyuan County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">臨沅縣</span></span></td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Lingling<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">零陵</span></span></td> <td>Quanling County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">泉陵縣</span></span></td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Guiyang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">桂陽</span></span></td> <td>Chen County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">郴縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Changsha<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">長沙</span></span></td> <td>Linxiang County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">臨湘縣</span></span></td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wuchang<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">武昌</span></span></td> <td>Wuchang County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">武昌縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ancheng<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">安成</span></span></td> <td>Ancheng County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">安成縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Pengze<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">彭澤</span></span></td> <td>Pengze County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">彭澤縣</span></span></td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yidu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">宜都</span></span></td> <td>Yidao County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">夷道縣</span></span></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Linhe<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">臨賀</span></span></td> <td>Linhe County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">臨賀縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hengyang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">衡陽</span></span></td> <td>Xiangnan County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">湘南縣</span></span></td> <td>10 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Xiangdong<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">湘東</span></span></td> <td>Ling County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">酃縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jianping<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">建平</span></span></td> <td>Wu County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">巫縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Tianmen<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">天門</span></span></td> <td>Lüzhong County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">漊中縣</span></span></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Zhaoling<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">昭陵</span></span></td> <td>Zhaoling County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">昭陵縣</span></span></td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Shi'an<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">始安</span></span></td> <td>Shi'an County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">始安縣</span></span></td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Shixing<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">始興</span></span></td> <td>Qujiang County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">曲江縣</span></span></td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="7">Guang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">廣</span></span></td> <td rowspan="7">Panyu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">番禺</span></span><br />(now <a href="/wiki/Guangzhou" title="Guangzhou">Guangzhou</a>)</td> <td>Nanhai<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">南海</span></span></td> <td>Panyu County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">番禺縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Cangwu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">蒼梧</span></span></td> <td>Guangxin County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">廣信縣</span></span></td> <td>11 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Yulin<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">鬱林</span></span></td> <td>Bushan County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">布山縣</span></span></td> <td>9 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gaoliang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">高涼</span></span></td> <td>Siping County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">思平縣</span></span></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Gaoxing<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">高興</span></span></td> <td>Guanghua County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">廣化縣</span></span></td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Guilin<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">桂林</span></span></td> <td>Wu'an County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">武安縣</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>North Hepu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">合浦北部尉</span></span></td> <td>Anguang County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">安廣縣</span></span></td> <td>3 </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="8"><a href="/wiki/Jiaozhou_(region)" title="Jiaozhou (region)">Jiao</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">交</span></span></td> <td rowspan="8"><a href="/wiki/Longbian" class="mw-redirect" title="Longbian">Longbian</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">龍編</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jiaozhi" title="Jiaozhi">Jiaozhi</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">交阯</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Long_Bi%C3%AAn" title="Long Biên">Longbian</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">龍編</span></span></td> <td>14 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rinan" title="Rinan">Rinan</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">日南</span></span></td> <td>Zhuwu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">朱吾</span></span></td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Jiuzhen" title="Jiuzhen">Jiuzhen</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">九真</span></span></td> <td>Xupu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">胥浦</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hepu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">合浦</span></span></td> <td>Hepu County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">合浦縣</span></span></td> <td>5 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Wuping<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">武平</span></span></td> <td>Wuning<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">武寧</span></span></td> <td>7 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jiude<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">九德</span></span></td> <td>Jiude<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">九德</span></span></td> <td>6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Xinchang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">新昌</span></span></td> <td>Jianing<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">嘉寧</span></span></td> <td>4 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Zhuya<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">朱崖</span></span></td> <td>Xuwen County<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">徐聞縣</span></span></td> <td>2 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="List_of_sovereigns">List of sovereigns</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: List of sovereigns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><b>Eastern Wu rulers</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Temple_name" title="Temple name">Temple name</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Posthumous_name" title="Posthumous name">Posthumous name</a></th> <th><a href="/wiki/Chinese_surname" title="Chinese surname">Family name</a> (in bold) and <a href="/wiki/Chinese_name" title="Chinese name">personal name</a></th> <th>Reign</th> <th><a href="/wiki/Chinese_era_name" title="Chinese era name">Era names</a> and their year ranges</th> <th>Notes </th></tr> <tr> <td>Shizu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">始祖</span></span></td> <td>Emperor Wulie<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">武烈皇帝</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Jian" title="Sun Jian">Sun Jian</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">孫堅</span></span></td> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>Sun Jian's temple and posthumous names were granted posthumously by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>Prince Huan of Changsha<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">長沙桓王</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Ce" title="Sun Ce">Sun Ce</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">孫策</span></span></td> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>Sun Ce's posthumous name was granted posthumously by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>Taizu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">太祖</span></span></td> <td>Emperor Da<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">大皇帝</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">孫權</span></span></td> <td>Nov 222– May 252</td> <td> <ul><li>Huangwu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">黃武</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(222–229)</span></li> <li>Huanglong<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">黃龍</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(229–231)</span></li> <li>Jiahe<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">嘉禾</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(232–238)</span></li> <li>Chiwu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">赤烏</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(238–251)</span></li> <li>Taiyuan<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">太元</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(251–252)</span></li> <li>Shenfeng<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">神鳳</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(252)</span></li></ul> </td> <td>Sun Quan adopted the era name "Huangwu" in 222 after declaring independence from Wei. However, he continued ruling under the title "King of Wu" and did not proclaim himself emperor until 229. </td></tr> <tr> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>(N/A)</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Liang" title="Sun Liang">Sun Liang</a><br /></td> <td>252–258</td> <td> <ul><li>Jianxing<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">建興</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(252–253)</span></li> <li>Wufeng<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">五鳳</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(254–256)</span></li> <li>Taiping<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">太平</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(256–258)</span></li></ul> </td> <td>Sun Liang became "Prince of Kuaiji" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">會稽王</span></span>) after he was dethroned by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Chen" title="Sun Chen">Sun Chen</a> in 258. In 260, his successor <a href="/wiki/Sun_Xiu_(emperor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Xiu (emperor)">Sun Xiu</a> further demoted him to "Marquis of Houguan" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">侯官侯</span></span>). </td></tr> <tr> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>Emperor Jing<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">景皇帝</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Xiu" title="Sun Xiu">Sun Xiu</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">孫休</span></span></td> <td>258–264</td> <td> <ul><li>Yong'an<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">永安</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(258–264)</span></li></ul> </td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>Emperor Wen<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">文皇帝</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_He_(Zixiao)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun He (Zixiao)">Sun He</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">孫和</span></span></td> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>Sun He's posthumous name was granted posthumously by <a href="/wiki/Sun_Hao" title="Sun Hao">Sun Hao</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td>(N/A)</td> <td>Emperor Mo<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">末帝</span></span></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sun_Hao" title="Sun Hao">Sun Hao</a><br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">孫皓</span></span></td> <td>264–280</td> <td> <ul><li>Yuanxing<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">元興</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(264–265)</span></li> <li>Ganlu<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">甘露</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(265–266)</span></li> <li>Baoding<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">寶鼎</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(266–269)</span></li> <li>Jianheng<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">建衡</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(269–271)</span></li> <li>Fenghuang<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">鳳凰</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(272–274)</span></li> <li>Tiance<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">天冊</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(275–276)</span></li> <li>Tianxi<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">天璽</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(276)</span></li> <li>Tianji<br /><span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">天紀</span></span> <span style="font-size:85%;">(277–280)</span></li></ul> </td> <td>Sun Hao held the title of "Marquis of Wucheng" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">烏程侯</span></span>) before he became emperor in 264. In 280, after surrendering to the <a href="/wiki/Jin_dynasty_(265%E2%80%93420)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jin dynasty (265–420)">Jin dynasty</a>, he was granted the title of "Marquis of Guiming" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">歸命侯</span></span>) by <a href="/wiki/Emperor_Wu_of_Jin" title="Emperor Wu of Jin">Sima Yan</a>. He is also sometimes referred to as "Emperor Mo of Wu" (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">吳末帝</span></span>), which literally means "last emperor of Wu". </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Emperors'_family_tree"><span id="Emperors.27_family_tree"></span>Emperors' family tree</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Emperors' family tree"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Wu_family_trees" title="Eastern Wu family trees">Eastern Wu family trees</a></div> <table class="collapsible expanded" style="margin: 0.3em auto auto; clear:none; min-width:auto; width:auto; font-size:85%; border:1px solid #aaa"> <tbody><tr> <th style="padding:0.2em 0.3em 0.2em 4.3em;background:none; color: inherit; width:auto">Eastern Wu </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center"> <table style="border-spacing: 0px; border-collapse: separate; margin: 0 auto; font-size:112%;"> <tbody><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em">Sun Zhong 孫鍾</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Jian" title="Sun Jian">Sun Jian</a> 孫堅<br /><small>c. 155–191</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Jing" title="Sun Jing">Sun Jing</a><br />孫靜</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em"><small>175–200</small><br /><a href="/wiki/Sun_Ce" title="Sun Ce">Sun Ce</a> 孫策<br /><small>Marquis of <a href="/wiki/Wu_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu (region)">Wu</a></small><br />197–200</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width:2px"><small>182–252</small><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a> 孫權</b><br /> 229–252<br /><small>Emperor Da<br />大帝</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em">Sun Gao<br />孫暠</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:2em"></td><td style="height:1em;border-bottom:1px solid;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td><td style="height:1em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" style="height:1em;width:2em"></td><td style="border-right:1px solid;height:1em;width:1em"></td></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Deng_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Sun Deng (Eastern Wu)">Sun Deng</a> 孫登<br /><small>209–241</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Sun_He_(Zixiao)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun He (Zixiao)">Sun He</a> 孫和<br /><small>223–253</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width:2px"><small>235–264</small><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Sun_Xiu" title="Sun Xiu">Sun Xiu</a> 孫休</b><br />258–264<br /><small>Emperor Jing<br />景帝</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width:2px"><small>243–260</small><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Sun_Liang" title="Sun Liang">Sun Liang</a> 孫亮</b><br />252–258<br /><small>Prince of Kuaiji<br />會稽王</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em">Sun Chuo <br />孫綽</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em">Sun Gong<br />孫恭</td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="border-right:1px solid;height:2em;width:1em"></td><td rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:1em"></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> <tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em;border-width:2px"><small>242–284</small><br /><b><a href="/wiki/Sun_Hao" title="Sun Hao">Sun Hao</a> 孫皓</b><br />264–280</td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Chen" title="Sun Chen">Sun Chen</a><br /> 孫綝<br /><small>231–258</small></td><td colspan="2" rowspan="2" style="height:2em;width:2em"></td><td colspan="6" rowspan="2" style="border:1px solid;padding:0.2em"><a href="/wiki/Sun_Jun_(Three_Kingdoms)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun Jun (Three Kingdoms)">Sun Jun</a><br />孫峻<br /><small>219–256</small></td></tr><tr style="height:1px;text-align:center"></tr> </tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Three_Kingdoms_Wu_-_funeral_urn.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="An Eastern Wu funeral urn, dating from the third century, on display in a museum in Tokyo, Japan."><img alt="An Eastern Wu funeral urn, dating from the third century, on display in a museum in Tokyo, Japan." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Three_Kingdoms_Wu_-_funeral_urn.jpg/81px-Three_Kingdoms_Wu_-_funeral_urn.jpg" decoding="async" width="81" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Three_Kingdoms_Wu_-_funeral_urn.jpg/122px-Three_Kingdoms_Wu_-_funeral_urn.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Three_Kingdoms_Wu_-_funeral_urn.jpg/162px-Three_Kingdoms_Wu_-_funeral_urn.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1643" data-file-height="2426" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">An Eastern Wu funeral urn, dating from the third century, on display in a museum in <a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sun_Quan_Tang.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A portrait of Sun Quan painted by Yan Liben in the Tang dynasty."><img alt="A portrait of Sun Quan painted by Yan Liben in the Tang dynasty." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Sun_Quan_Tang.jpg/88px-Sun_Quan_Tang.jpg" decoding="async" width="88" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Sun_Quan_Tang.jpg/133px-Sun_Quan_Tang.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Sun_Quan_Tang.jpg/177px-Sun_Quan_Tang.jpg 2x" data-file-width="936" data-file-height="1270" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A portrait of <a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a> painted by <a href="/wiki/Yan_Liben" title="Yan Liben">Yan Liben</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Tang_dynasty" title="Tang dynasty">Tang dynasty</a>.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sun_Quan_and_his_brother_Sun_Ce.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statues of Sun Quan (left) and Sun Ce.[where?]"><img alt="Statues of Sun Quan (left) and Sun Ce.[where?]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Sun_Quan_and_his_brother_Sun_Ce.jpg/90px-Sun_Quan_and_his_brother_Sun_Ce.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Sun_Quan_and_his_brother_Sun_Ce.jpg/135px-Sun_Quan_and_his_brother_Sun_Ce.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Sun_Quan_and_his_brother_Sun_Ce.jpg/180px-Sun_Quan_and_his_brother_Sun_Ce.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statues of <a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a> (left) and <a href="/wiki/Sun_Ce" title="Sun Ce">Sun Ce</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Naming_conventions_(geographic_names)" title="Wikipedia:Naming conventions (geographic names)"><span title="The geographic scope near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2013)">where?</span></a></i>]</sup></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SunQuan_MeihuaShan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A statue of Sun Quan at Meihua Hill, Purple Mountain, Nanjing, Jiangsu."><img alt="A statue of Sun Quan at Meihua Hill, Purple Mountain, Nanjing, Jiangsu." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/SunQuan_MeihuaShan.jpg/90px-SunQuan_MeihuaShan.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/SunQuan_MeihuaShan.jpg/135px-SunQuan_MeihuaShan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/SunQuan_MeihuaShan.jpg/180px-SunQuan_MeihuaShan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A statue of Sun Quan at Meihua Hill, <a href="/wiki/Purple_Mountain_(Nanjing)" title="Purple Mountain (Nanjing)">Purple Mountain</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nanjing" title="Nanjing">Nanjing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jiangsu" title="Jiangsu">Jiangsu</a>.</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Wu_family_trees" title="Eastern Wu family trees">Eastern Wu family trees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Wei" title="Cao Wei">Cao Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu_Han" title="Shu Han">Shu Han</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The coinage policies of this period are described in CS 26, 794–795; Yang, "Economic history," 191–192. See also the article of Ho Tzu-ch'üan, "Manorial economy," summarised in Sun and DeFrancis, Chinese social history, at 140. On the large coins of Wu, and the attempt to enforce a monopoly of minting, see SGZ 47/Wu 2, 1140, 1142 and 1146 PC quoting Jiangbiao zhuan.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Divided from the original <a href="/wiki/Jiangxia_Commandery" title="Jiangxia Commandery">Jiangxia Commandery</a>. When Eastern Wu took control of the commandery, it was unknown whether it still existed. The commandery capital was unknown.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Dardess-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Dardess_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Dardess_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDardess2010" class="citation book cs1">Dardess, John W (2010). "The Three Kingdoms, 221–264". <i>Governing China, 150–1850</i>. Indianapolis: Hackett Pub. Co. p. 7. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1603844475" title="Special:BookSources/978-1603844475"><bdi>978-1603844475</bdi></a>. <q>Weakened by internal strife, horrific palace murders, and major defections to the enemy, the last Wu emperor surrendered on 31 May 280, and his realm was annexed to the Jin.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Three+Kingdoms%2C+221%E2%80%93264&rft.btitle=Governing+China%2C+150%E2%80%931850&rft.place=Indianapolis&rft.pages=7&rft.pub=Hackett+Pub.+Co.&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1603844475&rft.aulast=Dardess&rft.aufirst=John+W&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-zou-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-zou_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-zou_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Zou Jiwan (Chinese: <span lang="zh">鄒紀萬</span>), <i>Zhongguo Tongshi – Weijin Nanbeichao Shi</i> <span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh-Hant">中國通史·魏晉南北朝史</span></span>, (1992).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTanner2009" class="citation book cs1">Tanner, Harold M. (2009). "Chapter 5: The Age of Warriors and Buddhists". <i>China: A History</i>. Hackett Publishing. p. 142. <q>When it was established, Wu had only one-sixth of the population of the Eastern Han Empire (Cao Wei held over two-thirds of the Han population).</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+5%3A+The+Age+of+Warriors+and+Buddhists&rft.btitle=China%3A+A+History&rft.pages=142&rft.pub=Hackett+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.aulast=Tanner&rft.aufirst=Harold+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBertrand_Russell1922" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Bertrand_Russell" title="Bertrand Russell">Bertrand Russell</a> (1922). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.24099"><i>Problem of China</i></a>. London: <a href="/wiki/George_Allen_%26_Unwin" class="mw-redirect" title="George Allen & Unwin">George Allen & Unwin</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Problem+of+China&rft.place=London&rft.pub=George+Allen+%26+Unwin&rft.date=1922&rft.au=Bertrand+Russell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fin.ernet.dli.2015.24099&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Schuessler, Axel. (2009) <i>Minimal Old Chinese and Later Han Chinese</i>. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i. p. 52</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRafe_de_Crespigny1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rafe_de_Crespigny" title="Rafe de Crespigny">Rafe de Crespigny</a> (1990). "Chapter 8: Empire in the South". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231102249/https://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/html/1885/42048/gos_ch8.pdf"><i>Generals of the south : the foundation and early history of the Three Kingdoms state of Wu</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Cambera: Australian National University, Faculty of Asian Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0731509013" title="Special:BookSources/0731509013"><bdi>0731509013</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/html/1885/42048/gos_ch8.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 31 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2015</span>. <q>Though Sun Quan had claimed the imperial title in 229, and made some pretence of establishing the forms of an imperial court, the government of Wu continued to reflect the structure of a warlord state. In human terms, the time of the foundation of Wu was dominated by military commanders who held authority through their personal courage and energy, and were celebrated for their individualism, and it was no small achievement that Sun Quan was able to keep such a group under control.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+8%3A+Empire+in+the+South&rft.btitle=Generals+of+the+south+%3A+the+foundation+and+early+history+of+the+Three+Kingdoms+state+of+Wu&rft.place=Cambera&rft.pub=Australian+National+University%2C+Faculty+of+Asian+Studies&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0731509013&rft.au=Rafe+de+Crespigny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcollections.anu.edu.au%2Fhtml%2F1885%2F42048%2Fgos_ch8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRafe_de_Crespigny1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rafe_de_Crespigny" title="Rafe de Crespigny">Rafe de Crespigny</a> (1990). "Chapter 8: Empire in the South". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231102249/https://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/html/1885/42048/gos_ch8.pdf"><i>Generals of the south : the foundation and early history of the Three Kingdoms state of Wu</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Cambera: Australian National University, Faculty of Asian Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0731509013" title="Special:BookSources/0731509013"><bdi>0731509013</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/html/1885/42048/gos_ch8.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 31 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2015</span>. <q>Politics at court were largely dominated by the intrigues and conflicts of powerful individuals and families. In particular, unlike the bureaucracy of Han, substantial official positions, and particularly those involving the command of troops, were regularly transferred by inheritance from one generation to the next. In the course of time, however, there was a shift of influence in the central government from the first generation of men who had risen to power in the early years of the state, many of them from the north and all chosen for their personal ability and loyalty, to men from south of the Yangzi, whose families had prospered under the Sun regime.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+8%3A+Empire+in+the+South&rft.btitle=Generals+of+the+south+%3A+the+foundation+and+early+history+of+the+Three+Kingdoms+state+of+Wu&rft.place=Cambera&rft.pub=Australian+National+University%2C+Faculty+of+Asian+Studies&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0731509013&rft.au=Rafe+de+Crespigny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcollections.anu.edu.au%2Fhtml%2F1885%2F42048%2Fgos_ch8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRafe_de_Crespigny1990" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Rafe_de_Crespigny" title="Rafe de Crespigny">Rafe de Crespigny</a> (1990). "Chapter 8: Empire in the South". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131231102249/https://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/html/1885/42048/gos_ch8.pdf"><i>Generals of the south : the foundation and early history of the Three Kingdoms state of Wu</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Cambera: Australian National University, Faculty of Asian Studies. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0731509013" title="Special:BookSources/0731509013"><bdi>0731509013</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/html/1885/42048/gos_ch8.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 31 December 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2015</span>. <q>Outside the court and the capital, moreover, great independent authority was held by these local families, which consolidated their power through the acquisition of tenants and other dependents who sought protection from the uncertainty of the times and the demands of government. This development, already begun in the time of Han, meant that the power of the central government was limited, and its capacity to exploit the resources of the state was heavily restricted. To a degree, the state of Wu was run for the protection and the benefit of the great families who were its nominal subjects.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+8%3A+Empire+in+the+South&rft.btitle=Generals+of+the+south+%3A+the+foundation+and+early+history+of+the+Three+Kingdoms+state+of+Wu&rft.place=Cambera&rft.pub=Australian+National+University%2C+Faculty+of+Asian+Studies&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0731509013&rft.au=Rafe+de+Crespigny&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcollections.anu.edu.au%2Fhtml%2F1885%2F42048%2Fgos_ch8.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEde_Crespigny2007739-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEde_Crespigny2007739_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2007">de Crespigny 2007</a>, p. 739.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETaylor198370-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETaylor198370_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTaylor1983">Taylor 1983</a>, p. 70.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/three_kingdoms/wu-kingdom/">"Travel China Guide"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2014</span>. <q>Due to the convenient river transportation in the east of Yangtze River, the shipbuilding industry and salt industry of Wu were prosperous. During that period, the ships were improved to hold about 1,000 people.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Travel+China+Guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelchinaguide.com%2Fintro%2Fhistory%2Fthree_kingdoms%2Fwu-kingdom%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=24-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=24_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=24_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/history/three_kingdoms/wu-kingdom/">"Travel China Guide"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 November</span> 2014</span>. <q>Depending on the advantage of navigation, Kingdom of Wu established close trade routes with some overseas countries such as Vietnam and Cambodia.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Travel+China+Guide&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.travelchinaguide.com%2Fintro%2Fhistory%2Fthree_kingdoms%2Fwu-kingdom%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEberhard1987" class="citation book cs1">Eberhard, Wolfram (1987). <i>A History of China</i> (4th ed., corr. in the 3rd print. ed.). Berkeley: University of California Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0520032683" title="Special:BookSources/0520032683"><bdi>0520032683</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+China&rft.place=Berkeley&rft.edition=4th+ed.%2C+corr.+in+the+3rd+print.&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0520032683&rft.aulast=Eberhard&rft.aufirst=Wolfram&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBallard1969" class="citation book cs1">Ballard, William Lewis (1969). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://escholarship.org/content/qt8ss0r6dv/qt8ss0r6dv_noSplash_a564c6150df0707c0933876012bef12c.pdf"><i>Phonological History of Wu</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. University of Berkeley.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Phonological+History+of+Wu&rft.pub=University+of+Berkeley&rft.date=1969&rft.aulast=Ballard&rft.aufirst=William+Lewis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fescholarship.org%2Fcontent%2Fqt8ss0r6dv%2Fqt8ss0r6dv_noSplash_a564c6150df0707c0933876012bef12c.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cres4i-4-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-cres4i-4_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cres4i-4_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-cres4i-4_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 6–7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 7.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 9–10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-de_Crespigny_1990_loc=10_25-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 10–11</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFde_Crespigny2004">de Crespigny 2004</a>, 11.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFde_Crespigny2007" class="citation book cs1">de Crespigny, Rafe (2007). <i>A Biographical Dictionary of Later Han to the Three Kingdoms</i>. Brill.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Biographical+Dictionary+of+Later+Han+to+the+Three+Kingdoms&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=de+Crespigny&rft.aufirst=Rafe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFde_Crespigny2004" class="citation book cs1">de Crespigny, Rafe (2004) [1990]. "Empire in the South". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150510215229/https://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/html/1885/42048/gos_index.html"><i>Generals of the South: The Foundation and Early History of the Three Kingdoms State of Wu</i></a>. Internet. Canberra, ACT: Faculty of Asian Studies, The Australian National University. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0731509013" title="Special:BookSources/0731509013"><bdi>0731509013</bdi></a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcollections.anu.edu.au/html/1885/42048/gos_index.html">the original</a> on 10 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Empire+in+the+South&rft.btitle=Generals+of+the+South%3A+The+Foundation+and+Early+History+of+the+Three+Kingdoms+State+of+Wu&rft.place=Canberra%2C+ACT&rft.series=Internet&rft.pub=Faculty+of+Asian+Studies%2C+The+Australian+National+University&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0731509013&rft.aulast=de+Crespigny&rft.aufirst=Rafe&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcollections.anu.edu.au%2Fhtml%2F1885%2F42048%2Fgos_index.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTaylor1983" class="citation book cs1">Taylor, Jay (1983). <i>The Birth of the Vietnamese</i>. University of California Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Birth+of+the+Vietnamese&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=Taylor&rft.aufirst=Jay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEastern+Wu" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Three_Kingdoms_(220–280)30" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Three_Kingdoms" title="Template:Three Kingdoms"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Three_Kingdoms" title="Template talk:Three Kingdoms"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Three_Kingdoms" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Three Kingdoms"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Three_Kingdoms_(220–280)30" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Three_Kingdoms" title="Three Kingdoms">Three Kingdoms</a> (220–280)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Wei" title="Cao Wei">Cao Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu_Han" title="Shu Han">Shu Han</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eastern Wu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Prominent_people_of_Eastern_Wu163" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:People_of_Eastern_Wu" title="Template:People of Eastern Wu"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:People_of_Eastern_Wu" title="Template talk:People of Eastern Wu"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:People_of_Eastern_Wu" title="Special:EditPage/Template:People of Eastern Wu"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Prominent_people_of_Eastern_Wu163" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prominent people of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Eastern Wu</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Emperors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Quan" title="Sun Quan">Sun Quan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Liang" title="Sun Liang">Sun Liang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Xiu" title="Sun Xiu">Sun Xiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Hao" title="Sun Hao">Sun Hao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Empresses and noblewomen</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Xie" title="Lady Xie">Lady Xie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Xu_(wife_of_Sun_Quan)" title="Lady Xu (wife of Sun Quan)">Lady Xu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Shu" title="Pan Shu">Pan Shu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu_Lianshi" title="Bu Lianshi">Bu Lianshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Dayi" title="Empress Dayi">Empress Dayi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Jinghuai" title="Empress Jinghuai">Empress Jinghuai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quan_Huijie" title="Quan Huijie">Quan Huijie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Zhu_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Empress Zhu (Eastern Wu)">Empress Zhu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Empress_Dowager_He_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Empress Dowager He (Eastern Wu)">Empress Dowager He</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teng_Fanglan" title="Teng Fanglan">Teng Fanglan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Zhang_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Lady Zhang (Eastern Wu)">Lady Zhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Zhou_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Lady Zhou (Eastern Wu)">Lady Zhou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Princes, princesses and royal figures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Deng_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Sun Deng (Eastern Wu)">Sun Deng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_L%C3%BC" title="Sun Lü">Sun Lü</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_He_(Zixiao)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sun He (Zixiao)">Sun He</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Ba" title="Sun Ba">Sun Ba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Fen" title="Sun Fen">Sun Fen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Luban" title="Sun Luban">Sun Luban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Luyu" title="Sun Luyu">Sun Luyu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Huan_(Shuwu)" title="Sun Huan (Shuwu)">Sun Huan (Shuwu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Shao_(general)" title="Sun Shao (general)">Sun Shao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chancellors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Shao_(Changxu)" title="Sun Shao (Changxu)">Sun Shao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Yong" title="Gu Yong">Gu Yong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Xun_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Lu Xun (Eastern Wu)">Lu Xun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bu_Zhi" title="Bu Zhi">Bu Zhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Ju" title="Zhu Ju">Zhu Ju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Jun_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Sun Jun (Eastern Wu)">Sun Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Chen" title="Sun Chen">Sun Chen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puyang_Xing" title="Puyang Xing">Puyang Xing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Kai" title="Lu Kai">Lu Kai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wan_Yu" title="Wan Yu">Wan Yu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Ti" title="Zhang Ti">Zhang Ti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Civil officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cai_Kuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cai Kuan (page does not exist)">Cai Kuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cen_Hun" title="Cen Hun">Cen Hun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Bing" title="Cheng Bing">Cheng Bing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ding_Gu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ding Gu (page does not exist)">Ding Gu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feng_Xi_(Zirou)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Feng Xi (Zirou) (page does not exist)">Feng Xi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Cheng_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Gu Cheng (Eastern Wu)">Gu Cheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Tan" title="Gu Tan">Gu Tan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gu_Ti" title="Gu Ti">Gu Ti</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=He_Shao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="He Shao (page does not exist)">He Shao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Zhi" title="He Zhi">He Zhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hu_Zong" title="Hu Zong">Hu Zong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hua_He" title="Hua He">Hua He</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Huang_Xiang_(Three_Kingdoms)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Huang Xiang (Three Kingdoms) (page does not exist)">Huang Xiang </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ji_Yan_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Ji Yan (Eastern Wu)">Ji Yan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ji_Zhi_(Three_Kingdoms)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ji Zhi (Three Kingdoms) (page does not exist)">Ji Zhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kan_Ze" title="Kan Ze">Kan Ze</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Heng_(Three_Kingdoms)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Heng (Three Kingdoms) (page does not exist)">Li Heng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Li_Su_(Three_Kingdoms)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Li Su (Three Kingdoms) (page does not exist)">Li Su</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Dun" title="Liu Dun">Liu Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Ji_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Liu Ji (Eastern Wu)">Liu Ji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lou_Xuan" title="Lou Xuan">Lou Xuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Mao" title="Lu Mao">Lu Mao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Yi_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Lü Yi (Eastern Wu)">Lü Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meng_Zong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meng Zong (page does not exist)">Meng Zong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Jun" title="Pan Jun">Pan Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pan_Zhu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pan Zhu (page does not exist)">Pan Zhu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quan_Shang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Quan Shang (page does not exist)">Quan Shang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Si_Dun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Si Dun (page does not exist)">Si Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shen_Heng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shen Heng (page does not exist)">Shen Heng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shi_Wei_(Eastern_Wu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shi Wei (Eastern Wu) (page does not exist)">Shi Wei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Xie" title="Shi Xie">Shi Xie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Yi_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Shi Yi (Eastern Wu)">Shi Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sun_Hong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sun Hong (page does not exist)">Sun Hong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tang_Gu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tang Gu (page does not exist)">Tang Gu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wang_Fan" title="Wang Fan">Wang Fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wei_Zhao_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Wei Zhao (Eastern Wu)">Wei Zhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Can" title="Wu Can">Wu Can</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wu_Fan_(Eastern_Wu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wu Fan (Eastern Wu) (page does not exist)">Wu Fan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wei_Jing&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wei Jing (page does not exist)">Wei Jing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wei_Teng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wei Teng (page does not exist)">Wei Teng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xie_Ci&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xie Ci (page does not exist)">Xie Ci</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xie_Jing_(Shufa)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xie Jing (Shufa) (page does not exist)">Xie Jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xue_Zong" title="Xue Zong">Xue Zong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yan_Jun" title="Yan Jun">Yan Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yin_Li_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Yin Li (Eastern Wu)">Yin Li</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Fan" title="Yu Fan">Yu Fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Si" title="Yu Si">Yu Si</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yu_Zhong_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Yu Zhong (Eastern Wu)">Yu Zhong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuan_Ye_(Han_dynasty)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuan Ye (Han dynasty) (page does not exist)">Yuan Ye</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Dun&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Dun (page does not exist)">Zhang Dun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Wen_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Zhang Wen (Eastern Wu)">Zhang Wen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Yan_(Eastern_Wu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Yan (Eastern Wu) (page does not exist)">Zhang Yan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Zhao_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Zhang Zhao (Eastern Wu)">Zhang Zhao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhao_Da&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhao Da (page does not exist)">Zhao Da</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhao_Zi_(Eastern_Wu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhao Zi (Eastern Wu) (page does not exist)">Zhao Zi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zheng_Quan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zheng Quan (page does not exist)">Zheng Quan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhi_Chong&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhi Chong (page does not exist)">Zhi Chong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhou_Zhao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhou Zhao (page does not exist)">Zhou Zhao</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Military officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Biao" title="Chen Biao">Chen Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chen_Chi_(Eastern_Wu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chen Chi (Eastern Wu) (page does not exist)">Chen Chi </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheng_Pu" title="Cheng Pu">Cheng Pu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ding_Feng_(general)" title="Ding Feng (general)">Ding Feng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fan_Shen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fan Shen (page does not exist)">Fan Shen</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gu_Yu_(Jize)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gu Yu (Jize) (page does not exist)">Gu Yu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guo_Ma" title="Guo Ma">Guo Ma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Han_Dang" title="Han Dang">Han Dang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hao_Pu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hao Pu (page does not exist)">Hao Pu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/He_Qi" title="He Qi">He Qi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hua_Rong_(Three_Kingdoms)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hua Rong (Three Kingdoms) (page does not exist)">Hua Rong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liang_Yu_(Eastern_Wu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liang Yu (Eastern Wu) (page does not exist)">Liang Yu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ling_Tong" title="Ling Tong">Ling Tong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Lue" class="mw-redirect" title="Liu Lue">Liu Lue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liu_Zan" title="Liu Zan">Liu Zan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Jing" title="Lu Jing">Lu Jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Kang_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Lu Kang (Eastern Wu)">Lu Kang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Yin_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Lu Yin (Eastern Wu)">Lu Yin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Dai" title="Lü Dai">Lü Dai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Ju" title="Lü Ju">Lü Ju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%BC_Fan" title="Lü Fan">Lü Fan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luo_Tong" title="Luo Tong">Luo Tong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mi_Fang" title="Mi Fang">Mi Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nie_You&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nie You (page does not exist)">Nie You</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan_Zhang" title="Pan Zhang">Pan Zhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quan_Cong" title="Quan Cong">Quan Cong</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shao_Chou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Shao Chou (page does not exist)">Shao Chou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shi_Ji_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Shi Ji (Eastern Wu)">Shi Ji</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_Qian_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Song Qian (Eastern Wu)">Song Qian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tang_Zi" title="Tang Zi">Tang Zi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tao_Huang_(Jin_dynasty)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tao Huang (Jin dynasty)">Tao Huang</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tao_Jun_(Eastern_Wu)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tao Jun (Eastern Wu) (page does not exist)">Tao Jun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teng_Xiu" title="Teng Xiu">Teng Xiu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teng_Yin" title="Teng Yin">Teng Yin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Qin" title="Wen Qin">Wen Qin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wen_Yang_(Three_Kingdoms)" title="Wen Yang (Three Kingdoms)">Wen Yang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wu_Yan_(Shize)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wu Yan (Shize)">Wu Yan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xie_Yuan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xie Yuan (page does not exist)">Xie Yuan</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xu_Biao&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Xu Biao (page does not exist)">Xu Biao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Ling" title="Xu Ling">Xu Ling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Sheng" title="Xu Sheng">Xu Sheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xue_Xu" title="Xue Xu">Xue Xu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xu_Xiang" title="Xu Xiang">Xu Xiang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xue_Ying" title="Xue Ying">Xue Ying</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yin_You&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yin You (page does not exist)">Yin You</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yuan_Kan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Yuan Kan (page does not exist)">Yuan Kan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Bu_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Zhang Bu (Eastern Wu)">Zhang Bu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Cheng_(Eastern_Wu)" class="mw-redirect" title="Zhang Cheng (Eastern Wu)">Zhang Cheng</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Fen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Fen (page does not exist)">Zhang Fen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Xiu_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Zhang Xiu (Eastern Wu)">Zhang Xiu</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhongli_Mu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhongli Mu (page does not exist)">Zhongli Mu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Chu" title="Zhou Chu">Zhou Chu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Fang_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Zhou Fang (Eastern Wu)">Zhou Fang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhou_Tai" title="Zhou Tai">Zhou Tai</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhu_Cai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhu Cai (page does not exist)">Zhu Cai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Huan" title="Zhu Huan">Zhu Huan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Ran" title="Zhu Ran">Zhu Ran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Yi_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Zhu Yi (Eastern Wu)">Zhu Yi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhu_Zhi" title="Zhu Zhi">Zhu Zhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuge_Jin" title="Zhuge Jin">Zhuge Jin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuge_Jing" title="Zhuge Jing">Zhuge Jing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuge_Ke" title="Zhuge Ke">Zhuge Ke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhuge_Rong" title="Zhuge Rong">Zhuge Rong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others women</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Sun_(Sun_Jian%27s_sister)" title="Lady Sun (Sun Jian's sister)">Lady Sun (Sun Jian's sister)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sun_Hanhua" title="Sun Hanhua">Sun Hanhua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Zhao_(Three_Kingdoms)" title="Lady Zhao (Three Kingdoms)">Lady Zhao</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Sun_(Yu_clan)" title="Lady Sun (Yu clan)">Lady Sun (Yu clan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Yusheng" title="Lu Yusheng">Lu Yusheng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Xu_(Eastern_Wu)" title="Lady Xu (Eastern Wu)">Lady Xu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cao_Buxing" title="Cao Buxing">Cao Buxing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chen_Zhuo" title="Chen Zhuo">Chen Zhuo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ge_Xuan" title="Ge Xuan">Ge Xuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kang_Tai" title="Kang Tai">Kang Tai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lu_Ji_(Shiheng)" title="Lu Ji (Shiheng)">Lu Ji</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Bing_(Zhongjie)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Bing (Zhongjie) (page does not exist)">Zhang Bing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zhang_Chang_(Three_Kingdoms)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Zhang Chang (Three Kingdoms) (page does not exist)">Zhang Chang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhi_Qian" title="Zhi Qian">Zhi Qian</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&oldid=1279720399">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Wu&oldid=1279720399</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: 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