CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '913445b6f978fd3c',cH: 'CYOgBAOW8.pkjaRn5Jd._uVj_3_HcermL4ptjIWmgKs-1739779526-1.2.1.1-N6qZ63AqGAgz7nhj3Tdnm1PxUyLvIjT3x2uK9LFNm3W2PRB5qa7jf684r9teGD02',cUPMDTk: "\/10012992\/bibtex?__cf_chl_tk=4y6kzrsL_u1QwViD2XEDxrIFkDyrwg1i8HZddBdaEeM-1739779526-1.0.1.1-lAXRhhQzVdzWAt3c0mnZKs0C4j8N4gYR2f_gpU.Jj9Y",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739779526',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/10012992\/bibtex?__cf_chl_f_tk=4y6kzrsL_u1QwViD2XEDxrIFkDyrwg1i8HZddBdaEeM-1739779526-1.0.1.1-lAXRhhQzVdzWAt3c0mnZKs0C4j8N4gYR2f_gpU.Jj9Y",md: "QiYQedd1LOpSPetf1JvDNip__aiaY5dGkxXwzlslLJs-1739779526-1.2.1.1-1msbBO7S3S5u23ASxDmXkGaV4_8aBp0CCBouT5PiqKkyU1DsNeUzgQeGoQUP_aYfd9sLxH5EVicu_0UCA4uX6YXdMHVJjfZyaP_64BsXYDjek6WY2Blu9.lG_gxf2542dYRL.PwlEM4CJvH5K9hODj8a8DtBHu8azMjPhmIpxVi5t2zcRFhl8BTYXL.qSe3kqhG9kdlpPgESqCwpTla7EL_jgi1bv4WTta9ljA0KLp1kTKwwIwFJ15A9WeFApoUpYKtdrHv810iTp0CwLx5Fa3nCnth96nHqIjHFAXpIvhdZaV5I_DWu5pFQx5oaNPzkWCKO3hYOscagdT9_5eIjoZbWm8Fzy2R61BlcKKCPNVXTqi3sFXyttfQffXv.NMhKfmvjNedDFwJwVAmEY4iOX5D4Pla5QlxCLTB4FdEAPr5ezyWQx4wF.V8ToP_GDct4OE4.AQNXcynUqUZddX0IKLCZAhuPCh3OdtgSsOmFyC9DcctnciV88bruG7rPpHRP57PF6RKz5QR1vIyPYYBkrDLrv8qcAdI5KiGsVuITtjnuNecWcfhKggSbBAv0qjWYamJY6Pc2.1_KBBAZP33Wxlef_NJGBOS3vP3bFeEcGlP96UGtfeKREkRA0rCsRyLOhuZn6kRydjV48bd3GAR7YdyLG4M5tk.h819GyB6QdmgpfCxzaElXxVDVky8HY19zUAKSnGe39GMcJtgJefAzS7VEmEuN_p1ShJ_cyK7e5M9XD94CuXn2EjaLgqF4vhBpo669OhXrXKj_dpX6URS7iYQF0YEP7xFNwLWLAiAQNW69ule4MO.pDHjZJFD6xcaw3qmkkazeB_8aRQgYNI8yPu6aAZzR4HtZzeBJ0qxOf6L5oFebtlb5TWz9tP6_puswkJaYT7H.7rY9.lSY_WHYl12jDTJe3iPUd3Jwp9yrvMzdfFcnKmklDA_Qz8f6Al3Pqn0jUcKllbyuedFbum3TzTOK9Q0LkV2WbdoNPRo1a1N9Q0BUs9FM5Ts9fEOaSV5RHZxc.QwWmFAWndnmc2Jo8lS7jZ9h4hWWIbCwXA2q7YsDBw4hYd9xdTjLb0O1JvSNVf8_bd26ait8rigiPyw16Epc1zxdFlCqbUp556urUVUnfqiM_1Fkgx26y03zRudzpUXaoCc25zT3pT_rA2XRPUFwq6lzd59h3ruoOsRdAxR7.ZB9u.16tDip4UOR2_DrRguqyNIV42_ZeF2fyjQow2vjurZRORw_XdfFJ1qD4pWPOTDC3pk0A5g3R.B.7hSTg_s4FcTuImK30FcNFl6Zkfrl_E4ek53fF8e4sPRxZOU3FN85ySu4Z8n7rUpMlwR75fkWpGkbIzc.Zgs25X4qx3XqzgAwF79S21C_Guf5U.x3bXhoG7coUMnx2aUlpB.eW_Wre5Y0.07T2Rgm1NcPmeXzJe3kOQJEJaQGG3318FyM91jDhYpfEU2RZGcoESfVdm.T08tgc4RlLdQQLftHpQgv.cucH5NTTCQK.gi1xIAcx19k44P67QOUZHv60X_Sqcd4vdhNizB4hKYPICXz_sEXxOGTD.l3zhOdc1cqOAs3b5MKfvu9HiidwXtXzcYO_IePPzscNCOWjZW.q3Ty.Y6mAEaldenXvGyaP0oAjOoZ9p_bcnfuALw_lVYU_2xFPCY2QPQcw4bsrsQuDpNFUcP728KhhU0HIvVB6_lzwF_bTFQMmZ7OJyJYOOENbtmdV8HihzHxHh5gkvWlQRMPBH4DXtxofE0Iw61qTG1sIRqPe1ogpshIDccCu7BsDH1jSBlntMR39iG53vR0iFfPWy4jIAgelHbnwzE5gh9WSpiUlRDtIv7iGr8TEjlsV7MLnIsKBjZClEDIdPMEtfZQrdpnEYicWI4NYInEyA0tUuw",mdrd: "_vdiyzIkJjSOjO8.bAvnAYxBj3Ur3oKZJJKP4Je1pcM-1739779526-1.2.1.1-v1gQX57ut8qCTiMAsHFksBre_1M8YuWE3N_YqG3CmKwRYv1.x3592x5_7d8yJFKBOpl9SbQETzhmSFw38nnTiiHeixRhZAZofQ8Pc6hGNv2CJeU6sJ9WyoIvIQLGPkmdE0RJYqYjSdno7F2ujJMhKBZR9iRYapJCEb7JoX6ojVr143PiF4vfz2oNRfFavDh0WgbOha4TF7dUT3FzZTMUV8ghgkDFnEqxgqzubrUjHyZ_N6LrvY2rD0rxDTNhpkjBlAtbMwiauBSzxYxRMgoBJA2YxSjmbdR2SdyKXDCE5N7QpO3km6yPCJ77roDDBJA.0ZJaQPtGhpi2LtoZJSxlSFKjgwdSt_LwxPS19tUwsFyg4TBpmTUzfr3V1YQASD5EUDq4lEJWhjAWDk9L6HYA33hqoJdOHPzYAvV1prYhWx.jwBQp.IWrQvXjfX..ePeSf_mqqyCvayHZv2P66WJxBKGiOYF1oG8JmWn6RagGDsuV0rWyX0I.RhGaov1Mq6My_HPca.7UAPT79yIzqW8wY.Li.N7No8oE1F1oyWZN0RqZR6LPfX6SIlz0vs9UgE9gO8vQdaj8.qg.U._so7iKINfZTWAgJt2aO9nv0AstJ5wuNDZ.daYdx925evHRPZYYVWILfjfMDjhHwHHwkJ8VW8zeCYbbUZAqsA9j4i7U.WD3YCzxt.fwbfPCKg_6th7e8RchpVhcH99aW39qtf_gw_Ye328.tZ4sAzjJaUJUB8OkENSZJ420uIQroHou2gSx_ZIHK9.QlHHmMBJ_NLl_PwAtUGRQDWLTjFVi8cRaI1GO6XXLCJneOzSA11vAoRYVFatI2MJwP7us6F.LfBh6EgteUpgo8xNAWpd5aDKe6lm.RHjC0VsSHu7waGQu.HtuyuqkXGJIJHNTEY2oJGWh9MJwbfwl30XW_F3y.vRD.qE68jaa_V3nIW.r5hhgdiHlrMbAgNMhKfh2rnFhJCjF2sna5IkKlMjwwKgeSFwzsujWz7h3TXAy7TsVMZFhttqAqBiabsaGYs27GEJHOkqm1zLlYWORddQwa9m.1UFd9PGWOEFQTT8DM3khNo4sADCp0.212wKHBEUMYc.xtoQ668Nso9y7z3kiDnH.elxVskssDuh1aCNagfPt6elFTcBfbvOFpxNasvXkBzGRiM0szp9dGA0lj2vW_kIiGY9njKY8KDmWsD3KAPVLxGZ_HmyRSLZxTNNlZE3UJSLsJehhkwdco4wk91IFbMP3h0ZC.24z_DNRLB1UnhJ2dxrdkKEEJuAi1wuwpQSjW5F.05FKjjKiJzX6.hsgJdIn_al5dHu3BbQOUgvHh6vXDK8cFY0LQozaizr_sder90M9bUuKe22..ATe5oWbFVO9AAZy3407rySL4blcA8QnfOAGirvSWVnjHmFmIjDoDvzLJWHFZko.InNHi8etyHUf_3QFF4UhDzYt3MTsaFYBrpPe68OQcEDH1YEMuytaRvy1J_HuhtpEmHJmzawhzsXFdoKZLMtB8zvjvdP7wa.rmqdw8yL4g6.FnFyWth5uDx.Igq6Q8IV2dg.jRJHvWd2NavPhVcAvJiMZlvGeCf4vhQZfyTZofyxbFRQeg3VzwU6kwJRg8viQ24dZL0S2J6wkDAwFcT0Hj19Zn8DyhByR09dt4kPn9d7sZwwXjGpo4._ba6m3ObGQUvkx4_pIEmRSWlOwQB_Tw4lweX4b_nrpvDw7XXDrXUTk6HoQ1JB50fohjPtI.eePaN8DWAR4hK6I2FTrNALjNlaqknLtfZl07r0xDsPEvTYkH9_8YvuC6mSp3dyctj_cfFHXQQD_dO3iHxgbIRvXvNeygkO3F9Gc0m6RUBbA4A3XcLBucCyNtxu9.Qpdlovf7ypFhhNBUkC20dYKLyMyBfXMghWp6ZSazNWqiaxUwXaZI4AoSk2DKq56ToR997gNe4oXzgoqZht4lfpav44OPWW6ALbiBfk_7wH5yS_r"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=913445b6f978fd3c';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/10012992\/bibtex?__cf_chl_rt_tk=4y6kzrsL_u1QwViD2XEDxrIFkDyrwg1i8HZddBdaEeM-1739779526-1.0.1.1-lAXRhhQzVdzWAt3c0mnZKs0C4j8N4gYR2f_gpU.Jj9Y" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>