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<span>Death and legacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Death_and_legacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Violins" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Violins"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Violins</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Violins-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards_and_honours" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards_and_honours"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Awards and honours</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards_and_honours-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Cultural references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultural_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Films" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Films"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Films</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Films-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Yehudi Menuhin</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 50 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-50" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">50 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%8A_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%86" title="يهودي مينوهين – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يهودي مينوهين" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B7%D1%96_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%85%D1%96%D0%BD" title="Іегудзі Менухін – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Іегудзі Менухін" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%99%D0%B5%D1%85%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="Йехуди Менухин – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Йехуди Менухин" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B9_%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%87%CE%AF%CE%BD" title="Γεχούντι Μενουχίν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γεχούντι Μενουχίν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86" title="یهودی منوهین – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="یهودی منوهین" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%98%88%ED%9B%84%EB%94%94_%EB%A9%94%EB%89%B4%EC%9D%B8" title="예후디 메뉴인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="예후디 메뉴인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%B0%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A4%D5%AB_%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B0%D5%AB%D5%B6" title="Եհուդի Մենուհին – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Եհուդի Մենուհին" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="येहुदी मेनुहिन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="येहुदी मेनुहिन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%94%D7%95%D7%93%D7%99_%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%97%D7%99%D7%9F" title="יהודי מנוחין – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יהודי מנוחין" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%82%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಯೆಹೂದಿ ಮೆನುಹಿನ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯೆಹೂದಿ ಮೆನುಹಿನ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iudas_Menuhin" title="Iudas Menuhin – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iudas Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jehudi_Menuhins" title="Jehudi Menuhins – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jehudi Menuhins" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B5%BB" title="യഹൂദി മെനുഹിൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യഹൂദി മെനുഹിൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8" title="यहूदी मेनुहिन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="यहूदी मेनुहिन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%87%D9%88%D8%AF%D9%89_%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%86" title="يهودى مينوهين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="يهودى مينوهين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BB%E3%83%A1%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3" title="ユーディ・メニューイン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ユーディ・メニューイン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BD,_%D0%98%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B8" title="Менухин, Иегуди – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Менухин, Иегуди" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin" title="Yehudi Menuhin – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Yehudi Menuhin" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American violinist and conductor (1916–1999)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yehudi_Menuhin_1937.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/14/Yehudi_Menuhin_1937.jpg/240px-Yehudi_Menuhin_1937.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="339" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/14/Yehudi_Menuhin_1937.jpg/360px-Yehudi_Menuhin_1937.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/14/Yehudi_Menuhin_1937.jpg/480px-Yehudi_Menuhin_1937.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="847" /></a><figcaption>Menuhin in 1937</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Yehudi Menuhin, Baron Menuhin</b> <span class="nobold noexcerpt nowraplinks" style="font-size:;"><span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Order_of_Merit" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Order of Merit">OM</a></span>, <span style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Knight_Commander_of_the_Order_of_the_British_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire">KBE</a></span></span> (22 April 1916 – 12 March 1999), was an American-born British violinist and conductor who spent most of his performing career in Britain. He is widely considered one of the greatest violinists of the 20th century. He played the <a href="/wiki/Soil_Stradivarius" title="Soil Stradivarius">Soil Stradivarius</a>, considered one of the finest violins made by Italian <a href="/wiki/Luthier" title="Luthier">luthier</a> <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Stradivari" title="Antonio Stradivari">Antonio Stradivari</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life_and_career">Early life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12786,_Bruno_Walter_und_Yehudin_Menuhin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12786%2C_Bruno_Walter_und_Yehudin_Menuhin.jpg/220px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12786%2C_Bruno_Walter_und_Yehudin_Menuhin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12786%2C_Bruno_Walter_und_Yehudin_Menuhin.jpg/330px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12786%2C_Bruno_Walter_und_Yehudin_Menuhin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12786%2C_Bruno_Walter_und_Yehudin_Menuhin.jpg/440px-Bundesarchiv_Bild_102-12786%2C_Bruno_Walter_und_Yehudin_Menuhin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="528" data-file-height="792" /></a><figcaption>Menuhin with <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Walter" title="Bruno Walter">Bruno Walter</a> (1931)</figcaption></figure> <p>Yehudi Menuhin was born in New York City to <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Menuhin" title="Moshe Menuhin">Moshe Menuhin</a>, a Lithuanian Jew from <a href="/wiki/Gomel" title="Gomel">Gomel</a> in modern <a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus">Belarus</a>, and Marutha, a <a href="/wiki/Crimean_Karaites" title="Crimean Karaites">Crimean Karaite</a>. Through his father Moshe, he was descended from a rabbinical dynasty.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Moshe and Marutha (née Sher) met in <a href="/wiki/Mandatory_Palestine" title="Mandatory Palestine">Mandatory Palestine</a> before marrying in New York in 1914. In late 1919, the pair became American citizens and changed the family name from Mnuchin to Menuhin.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menuhin's sisters were concert pianist and human rights activist <a href="/wiki/Hephzibah_Menuhin" title="Hephzibah Menuhin">Hephzibah</a>, and pianist, painter and poet <a href="/wiki/Yaltah_Menuhin" title="Yaltah Menuhin">Yaltah</a>. </p><p>Menuhin's first violin instruction was at age four by Sigmund Anker (1891–1958); his parents had wanted <a href="/wiki/Louis_Persinger" title="Louis Persinger">Louis Persinger</a> to teach him, and Persinger agreed. Menuhin took lessons for a while from Persinger at his Hyde Street studio. He made his first public solo appearance in November 1921, at a pupil's concert.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 29 February 1924, he formally debuted at the Oakland Auditorium followed by a solo performance with the San Francisco Symphony under the direction of Alfred Hertz and a recital at the Scottish Rite Hall. His reputation preceded him to New York for his debut there on 17 March 1926, at the Manhattan Opera House.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1923, when he was seven years old, Menuhin appeared as solo violinist with the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Symphony" title="San Francisco Symphony">San Francisco Symphony</a> Orchestra. Persinger then agreed to teach him and accompanied him on the piano for his first few solo recordings in 1928–29. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Julia_Boyd" title="Julia Boyd">Julia Boyd</a> records: </p> <blockquote><p> On 12 April 1929 it [the <a href="/wiki/Semperoper" title="Semperoper">Semperoper</a>] cancelled its advertised programme to make way for a performance by the twelve-year-old Yehudi Menuhin. That night he played the Bach, Beethoven and Brahms violin concertos to an ecstatic audience ... The week before, Yehudi had played in Berlin with the Philharmonic under <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Walter" title="Bruno Walter">Bruno Walter</a> to an equally rapturous response.<sup id="cite_ref-boys_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boys-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>A newspaper critic said of his Berlin performance: "There steps a fat little blond boy on the podium, and wins at once all hearts as in an irresistibly ludicrous way, like a penguin, he alternately places one foot down, then the other. But wait: you will stop laughing when he puts his bow to the violin to play Bach's violin concerto in E major no.2."<sup id="cite_ref-boyd2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-boyd2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RFHS-3033.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/RFHS-3033.jpg/220px-RFHS-3033.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/RFHS-3033.jpg/330px-RFHS-3033.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/RFHS-3033.jpg/440px-RFHS-3033.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1459" data-file-height="973" /></a><figcaption>The city of <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a>: place of study under the guidance of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Busch" title="Adolf Busch">Adolf Busch</a></figcaption></figure> <p>When the Menuhins moved to Paris, Persinger suggested Menuhin go to Persinger's old teacher, Belgian virtuoso and pedagogue <a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ysa%C3%BFe" title="Eugène Ysaÿe">Eugène Ysaÿe</a>. Menuhin did have one lesson with Ysaÿe, but he disliked Ysaÿe's teaching method and his advanced age. Instead, he went to Romanian composer and violinist <a href="/wiki/George_Enescu" title="George Enescu">George Enescu</a>, under whose tutelage he made recordings with several piano accompanists, including his sister Hephzibah. He was also a student of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Busch" title="Adolf Busch">Adolf Busch</a> in <a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a>. He stayed in the Swiss city for a bit more than a year, where he started to take lessons in German and Italian as well. </p><p>According to <a href="/wiki/Henry_A._Murray" class="mw-redirect" title="Henry A. Murray">Henry A. Murray</a>, Menuhin wrote: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Actually, I was gazing in my usual state of being half absent in my own world and half in the present. I have usually been able to "retire" in this way. I was also thinking that my life was tied up with the instrument and would I do it justice?</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Yehudi Menuhin, personal communication, 31 October 1993<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <p>His first concerto recording was made in 1931, Bruch's G minor, under Sir Landon Ronald in London, the labels calling him "Master Yehudi Menuhin". In 1932 he recorded <a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Edward Elgar's</a> <a href="/wiki/Violin_Concerto_(Elgar)" title="Violin Concerto (Elgar)">Violin Concerto in B<span class="nowrap"> </span>minor</a> for <a href="/wiki/His_Master%27s_Voice" title="His Master's Voice">HMV</a> in London, with the composer himself conducting; in 1934, uncut, Paganini's D major Concerto with <a href="/wiki/Emile_Sauret" class="mw-redirect" title="Emile Sauret">Emile Sauret</a>'s cadenza in Paris under <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Monteux" title="Pierre Monteux">Pierre Monteux</a>. Between 1934 and 1936, he made the first integral recording of <a href="/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">Johann Sebastian Bach</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Sonatas_and_partitas_for_solo_violin_(Bach)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonatas and partitas for solo violin (Bach)">sonatas and partitas for solo violin</a>, although his Sonata No. 2, in A minor, was not released until all six were transferred to CD. </p><p>His interest in the music of <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Béla Bartók</a> prompted him to commission a work from him – the <a href="/wiki/Sonata_for_Solo_Violin_(Bart%C3%B3k)" title="Sonata for Solo Violin (Bartók)">Sonata for Solo Violin</a>, which, completed in 1943 and first performed by Menuhin in New York in 1944, was the composer's penultimate work. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_War_II_musician">World War II musician</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: World War II musician"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yehudi_Menuhin_43.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Yehudi_Menuhin_43.jpg/220px-Yehudi_Menuhin_43.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Yehudi_Menuhin_43.jpg/330px-Yehudi_Menuhin_43.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Yehudi_Menuhin_43.jpg/440px-Yehudi_Menuhin_43.jpg 2x" data-file-width="584" data-file-height="785" /></a><figcaption>Menuhin in 1943</figcaption></figure> <p>He performed for <a href="/wiki/Allies_of_World_War_II" title="Allies of World War II">Allied soldiers</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> and, accompanied on the piano by English composer <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a>, for the surviving inmates of a number of <a href="/wiki/Concentration_camps" class="mw-redirect" title="Concentration camps">concentration camps</a> in June and July 1945 after their liberation in April of the same year, most famously <a href="/wiki/Bergen-Belsen_concentration_camp" title="Bergen-Belsen concentration camp">Bergen-Belsen</a>. He returned to Germany in 1947 to play concerto concerts with the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Philharmonic" title="Berlin Philharmonic">Berlin Philharmonic</a> under <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Furtw%C3%A4ngler" title="Wilhelm Furtwängler">Wilhelm Furtwängler</a> as an act of reconciliation, the first Jewish musician to do so in the wake of the <a href="/wiki/Holocaust" class="mw-redirect" title="Holocaust">Holocaust</a>, saying to Jewish critics that he wanted to rehabilitate Germany's music and spirit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="World_interactions">World interactions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: World interactions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For Menuhin's notable students, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_music_students_by_teacher:_K_to_M#Yehudi_Menuhin" title="List of music students by teacher: K to M">List of music students by teacher: K to M § Yehudi Menuhin</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yehudi_Menuhin_visit_to_Israel_(997009326698205171).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Menuhin during a 1963 visit to Israel. Boris Carmi, Meitar collection, National Library of Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Yehudi_Menuhin_visit_to_Israel_%28997009326698205171%29.jpg/220px-Yehudi_Menuhin_visit_to_Israel_%28997009326698205171%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Yehudi_Menuhin_visit_to_Israel_%28997009326698205171%29.jpg/330px-Yehudi_Menuhin_visit_to_Israel_%28997009326698205171%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Yehudi_Menuhin_visit_to_Israel_%28997009326698205171%29.jpg/440px-Yehudi_Menuhin_visit_to_Israel_%28997009326698205171%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1586" data-file-height="1547" /></a><figcaption>Menuhin during a 1963 visit to <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>. <a href="/wiki/Boris_Carmi" title="Boris Carmi">Boris Carmi</a>, Meitar collection, <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Israel" title="National Library of Israel">National Library of Israel</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Menuhin credited German philosopher <a href="/wiki/Constantin_Brunner" title="Constantin Brunner">Constantin Brunner</a> with providing him with "a theoretical framework within which I could fit the events and experiences of life".<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>He and <a href="/wiki/Louis_Kentner" title="Louis Kentner">Louis Kentner</a> (brother-in-law of his wife, <a href="/wiki/Diana_Gould_(dancer)" title="Diana Gould (dancer)">Diana</a>) gave the first performance of <a href="/wiki/William_Walton" title="William Walton">William Walton</a>'s Violin Sonata, in Zürich on 30 September 1949. </p><p>Following his role as a member of the awards jury at the 1955 <a href="/wiki/Queen_Elisabeth_Music_Competition" class="mw-redirect" title="Queen Elisabeth Music Competition">Queen Elisabeth Music Competition</a>, Menuhin secured a <a href="/wiki/Rockefeller_Foundation" title="Rockefeller Foundation">Rockefeller Foundation</a> grant for the financially strapped Grand Prize winner at the event, <a href="/wiki/Argentina" title="Argentina">Argentine</a> violinist <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Lysy" title="Alberto Lysy">Alberto Lysy</a>. Menuhin made Lysy his only personal student, and the two toured extensively throughout the concert halls of Europe. The young protégé later established the <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Menuhin_Music_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Menuhin Music Academy (page does not exist)">International Menuhin Music Academy</a> (IMMA)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in <a href="/wiki/Gstaad" title="Gstaad">Gstaad</a>, in his honor.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Menuhin made several recordings with the German conductor <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Furtw%C3%A4ngler" title="Wilhelm Furtwängler">Wilhelm Furtwängler</a>, who had been criticized for conducting in Germany during the <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">Nazi</a> era. Menuhin defended Furtwängler, noting that the conductor had helped a number of Jewish musicians to flee Nazi Germany. </p><p>In 1957, he founded the <a href="/wiki/Menuhin_Festival_Gstaad" title="Menuhin Festival Gstaad">Menuhin Festival Gstaad</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gstaad" title="Gstaad">Gstaad</a>, Switzerland. In 1962, he established the <a href="/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin_School" title="Yehudi Menuhin School">Yehudi Menuhin School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Stoke_d%27Abernon" title="Stoke d'Abernon">Stoke d'Abernon</a>, Surrey. He also established the music program at <a href="/wiki/The_Nueva_School" title="The Nueva School">The Nueva School</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hillsborough,_California" title="Hillsborough, California">Hillsborough, California</a>, sometime around then. In 1965 he received an honorary <a href="/wiki/Knighthood" class="mw-redirect" title="Knighthood">knighthood</a> from the British monarchy. In the same year, Australian composer <a href="/wiki/Malcolm_Williamson" title="Malcolm Williamson">Malcolm Williamson</a> wrote a violin concerto for Menuhin. He performed the concerto many times and recorded it at its premiere at the <a href="/wiki/Bath_International_Music_Festival" title="Bath International Music Festival">Bath Festival</a> in 1965. Originally known as the Bath Assembly,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the festival was first directed by the impresario Ian Hunter in 1948. After the first year the city tried to run the festival itself, but in 1955 asked Hunter back. In 1959 Hunter invited Menuhin to become artistic director of the festival. Menuhin accepted, and retained the post until 1968.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Menuhin also had a long association and deep friendship with <a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar" title="Ravi Shankar">Ravi Shankar</a>, beginning in 1952, leading to their joint performance in 1966 at the Bath Festival and the recording of their <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Chamber_Music_Performance" title="Grammy Award for Best Chamber Music Performance">Grammy Award</a>-winning album <i><a href="/wiki/West_Meets_East" title="West Meets East">West Meets East</a></i> (1967).<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time, he commissioned composer <a href="/wiki/Alan_Hovhaness" title="Alan Hovhaness">Alan Hovhaness</a> to write a concerto for violin, sitar, and orchestra to be performed by himself and Shankar. The resulting work, entitled <i>Shambala</i> (c. 1970), with a fully composed violin part and space for improvisation from the sitarist, is the earliest known work for sitar with western symphony orchestra, predating Shankar's own sitar concertos, but Menuhin and Shankar never recorded it. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yehudi_Menuhin_%26_Stephane_Grappelli_Allan_Warren.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Yehudi_Menuhin_%26_Stephane_Grappelli_Allan_Warren.jpg/220px-Yehudi_Menuhin_%26_Stephane_Grappelli_Allan_Warren.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Yehudi_Menuhin_%26_Stephane_Grappelli_Allan_Warren.jpg/330px-Yehudi_Menuhin_%26_Stephane_Grappelli_Allan_Warren.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Yehudi_Menuhin_%26_Stephane_Grappelli_Allan_Warren.jpg/440px-Yehudi_Menuhin_%26_Stephane_Grappelli_Allan_Warren.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4728" data-file-height="4495" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Grappelli" title="Stéphane Grappelli">Stéphane Grappelli</a> (left) with Menuhin in 1976</figcaption></figure> <p>Menuhin also worked with famous jazz violinist <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Grappelli" title="Stéphane Grappelli">Stéphane Grappelli</a> in the 1970s on <i>Jalousie</i>, an album of 1930s classics led by duetting violins backed by the Alan Claire Trio. </p><p>In 1975, in his role as president of the <a href="/wiki/International_Music_Council" title="International Music Council">International Music Council</a>, he declared October 1 as International Music Day. The first International Music Day, organised by the International Music Council, was held that same year, in accordance with the resolution taken at the 15th IMC General Assembly in Lausanne in 1973.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1977, Menuhin and Ian Stoutzker founded the charity Live Music Now, the largest outreach music project in the UK. Live Music Now pays and trains professional musicians to work in the community, bringing the experience to those who rarely get an opportunity to hear or see live music performance. At the <a href="/wiki/Edinburgh_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Edinburgh Festival">Edinburgh Festival</a> Menuhin premiered <a href="/wiki/Priaulx_Rainier" title="Priaulx Rainier">Priaulx Rainier</a>'s violin concerto <i>Due Canti e Finale</i>, which he had commissioned Rainier to write. He also commissioned her last work, <i>Wildlife Celebration</i>, which he performed in aid of <a href="/wiki/Gerald_Durrell" title="Gerald Durrell">Gerald Durrell</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Durrell_Wildlife_Conservation_Trust" title="Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust">Wildlife Conservation Trust</a>. </p><p>In 1983, Menuhin and Robert Masters founded the <a href="/wiki/Yehudi_Menuhin_International_Competition_for_Young_Violinists" title="Yehudi Menuhin International Competition for Young Violinists">Yehudi Menuhin International Competition for Young Violinists</a>, today one of the world's leading forums for young talent. Many of its <a href="/wiki/Prizewinner" class="mw-redirect" title="Prizewinner">prizewinners</a> have gone on to become prominent violinists, including <a href="/wiki/Tasmin_Little" title="Tasmin Little">Tasmin Little</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nikolaj_Znaider" title="Nikolaj Znaider">Nikolaj Znaider</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ilya_Gringolts" title="Ilya Gringolts">Ilya Gringolts</a>, <a href="/wiki/Julia_Fischer" title="Julia Fischer">Julia Fischer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Daishin_Kashimoto" title="Daishin Kashimoto">Daishin Kashimoto</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ray_Chen" title="Ray Chen">Ray Chen</a>. </p><p>In the 1980s, Menuhin wrote and oversaw the creation of a "Music Guides" series of books; each covered a musical instrument, with one on the human voice. Menuhin wrote some, while others were edited by different authors. </p><p>In 1991, Menuhin was awarded the prestigious <a href="/wiki/Wolf_Prize" title="Wolf Prize">Wolf Prize</a> by the Israeli Government. In the Israeli <a href="/wiki/Knesset" title="Knesset">Knesset</a> he gave an acceptance speech in which he criticised Israel's continued occupation of the West Bank: </p> <blockquote><p>This wasteful governing by fear, by contempt for the basic dignities of life, this steady asphyxiation of a dependent people, should be the very last means to be adopted by those who themselves know too well the awful significance, the unforgettable suffering of such an existence. It is unworthy of my great people, the Jews, who have striven to abide by a code of moral rectitude for some 5,000 years, who can create and achieve a society for themselves such as we see around us but can yet deny the sharing of its great qualities and benefits to those dwelling amongst them.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Later_career">Later career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Later career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width: 200px; clear: right; float:right;margin:0 0 1.5em 1.5em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:115%">External audio</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="text-align: left"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="audio icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Nuvola_apps_arts.svg/16px-Nuvola_apps_arts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Nuvola_apps_arts.svg/24px-Nuvola_apps_arts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Nuvola_apps_arts.svg/32px-Nuvola_apps_arts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></span></span> 1946 performance featuring Menuhin (violin) of <a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Béla Bartók</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Violin_Concerto_No._2_(Bart%C3%B3k)" title="Violin Concerto No. 2 (Bartók)">Violin Concerto No. 2</a> BB 117 with the <a href="/wiki/Dallas_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Dallas Symphony Orchestra">Dallas Symphony Orchestra</a> conducted by <a href="/wiki/Antal_Dorati" class="mw-redirect" title="Antal Dorati">Antal Dorati</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/BARTOKViolinConcertoNo.2-NEWTRANSFER"><b>on archive.org</b></a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Menuhin regularly returned to the San Francisco Bay Area, sometimes performing with the <a href="/wiki/San_Francisco_Symphony" title="San Francisco Symphony">San Francisco Symphony</a> Orchestra. One of the more memorable later performances was of <a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Edward Elgar</a>'s Violin Concerto, which Menuhin had recorded with the composer in 1932. </p><p>On 22 April 1978, along with <a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Grappelli" title="Stéphane Grappelli">Stéphane Grappelli</a>, Yehudi played <i>Pick Yourself Up</i>, taken from the <i>Menuhin & Grappelli Play Berlin, Kern, Porter and Rodgers & Hart</i> album as the interval act at the <a href="/wiki/Eurovision_Song_Contest_1978" title="Eurovision Song Contest 1978">23rd Eurovision Song Contest</a> for <a href="/wiki/TF1" title="TF1">TF1</a>. The performance came direct from the studios of TF1 and not that of the venue (<a href="/wiki/Palais_des_congr%C3%A8s_de_Paris" title="Palais des congrès de Paris">Palais des Congrès</a>), where the contest was being held. </p><p>Menuhin hosted the <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service">PBS</a> telecast of the gala opening concert of the San Francisco Symphony from <a href="/wiki/Louise_M._Davies_Symphony_Hall" title="Louise M. Davies Symphony Hall">Davies Symphony Hall</a> in September 1980. </p><p>His recording contract with <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a> lasted almost 70 years and is the longest in the history of the music industry. He made his first recording at age 13 in November 1929, and his last in 1999, when he was nearly 83 years old. He recorded over 300 works for EMI, both as a violinist and as a conductor. In 2009 EMI released a 51-CD retrospective of Menuhin's recording career, titled <i>Yehudi Menuhin: The Great EMI Recordings</i>. In 2016, the Menuhin centenary year, Warner Classics (formerly EMI Classics) issued a milestone collection of 80 CDs entitled <i>The Menuhin Century</i>, curated by his long-time friend and protégé <a href="/wiki/Bruno_Monsaingeon" title="Bruno Monsaingeon">Bruno Monsaingeon</a>, who selected the recordings and sourced rare archival materials to tell Menuhin's story. </p><p>From 1984 until his death in 1999 he was the first guest conductor of <a href="/wiki/Sinfonia_Varsovia" title="Sinfonia Varsovia">Sinfonia Varsovia</a> with which he performed over 300 times (nearly half of which were between 1996 and 1998).<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He said that "working with no other orchestra gave me as much satisfaction as my work, as soloist and conductor, with the Sinfonia Varsovia Orchestra."<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his <i>Unfinished Journey: Twenty Years Later</i> he added "It was a true inspiration to spend as much time with them [Sinfonia Varsovia] as possible, to enjoy the deep satisfaction I derive from our music-making together.".<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1991, he became Principal Guest Conductor of the <a href="/wiki/English_Symphony_Orchestra" title="English Symphony Orchestra">English Symphony Orchestra</a>, a position he also held until his death. </p><p>In 1990 Menuhin was the first conductor for the <a href="/wiki/Asian_Youth_Orchestra" title="Asian Youth Orchestra">Asian Youth Orchestra</a> which toured around Asia, including Japan, Taiwan, <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> and Hong Kong with <a href="/wiki/Julian_Lloyd_Webber" title="Julian Lloyd Webber">Julian Lloyd Webber</a> and a group of young talented musicians from all over Asia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yehudi_Menuhin.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Yehudi_Menuhin.jpg/220px-Yehudi_Menuhin.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Yehudi_Menuhin.jpg/330px-Yehudi_Menuhin.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Yehudi_Menuhin.jpg/440px-Yehudi_Menuhin.jpg 2x" data-file-width="796" data-file-height="518" /></a><figcaption>Menuhin (left) and author <a href="/wiki/Paulo_Coelho" title="Paulo Coelho">Paulo Coelho</a> in 1999 at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland</figcaption></figure> <p>Menuhin was married twice, first to Nola Nicholas, daughter of an Australian industrialist and sister of <a href="/wiki/Hephzibah_Menuhin" title="Hephzibah Menuhin">Hephzibah Menuhin</a>'s first husband Lindsay Nicholas. They had two children, Krov and Zamira (who married pianist <a href="/wiki/Fou_Ts%27ong" title="Fou Ts'ong">Fou Ts'ong</a>). Following their 1947 divorce he married the British ballerina and actress <a href="/wiki/Diana_Gould_(dancer)" title="Diana Gould (dancer)">Diana Gould</a>, whose mother was the pianist <a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Suart" title="Evelyn Suart">Evelyn Suart</a> and stepfather was Admiral Sir <a href="/wiki/Cecil_Harcourt" title="Cecil Harcourt">Cecil Harcourt</a>. The couple had two sons, <a href="/wiki/Gerard_Menuhin" title="Gerard Menuhin">Gerard</a>, notable as a <a href="/wiki/Holocaust_denial" title="Holocaust denial">Holocaust denier</a> and <a href="/wiki/Far_right" class="mw-redirect" title="Far right">far right</a> activist, and <a href="/wiki/Jeremy_Menuhin" title="Jeremy Menuhin">Jeremy</a>, a pianist. A third child died shortly after birth. In the 1960s and 1970s they lived in <a href="/wiki/Highgate" title="Highgate">Highgate</a> at 2 <a href="/wiki/The_Grove,_Highgate" title="The Grove, Highgate">The Grove</a>, a house later owned by <a href="/wiki/Sting_(musician)" title="Sting (musician)">Sting</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The name <i>Yehudi</i> means "Jew" in <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew</a>. In an interview republished in October 2004, he recounted to <i><a href="/wiki/New_Internationalist" title="New Internationalist">New Internationalist</a></i> magazine the story of his name: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1244412712"><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>Obliged to find an apartment of their own, my parents searched the neighbourhood and chose one within walking distance of the park. Showing them out after they had viewed it, the landlady said: "And you'll be glad to know I don't take Jews." Her mistake made clear to her, the antisemitic landlady was renounced, and another apartment found. But her blunder left its mark. Back on the street my mother made a vow. Her unborn baby would have a label proclaiming his race to the world. He would be called "The Jew".<sup id="cite_ref-Jew_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jew-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Menuhin became an honorary citizen of Switzerland, and then also of the United Kingdom, in 1970 and 1985, respectively.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Along with <a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein" title="Albert Einstein">Albert Einstein</a>, Menuhin was one of the sponsors of the <a href="/wiki/Peoples%27_World_Convention" class="mw-redirect" title="Peoples' World Convention">Peoples' World Convention</a> (PWC), also known as Peoples' World Constituent Assembly (PWCA), which took place in 1950-51 at Palais Electoral, <a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a>, Switzerland.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Menuhin was a <a href="/wiki/Pescetarianism" title="Pescetarianism">pescetarian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Interest_in_yoga">Interest in yoga</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Interest in yoga"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1953, <i><a href="/wiki/Life_(magazine)" title="Life (magazine)">Life</a></i> published photos of him in various esoteric yoga positions.<sup id="cite_ref-Rolfe_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rolfe-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1952, Menuhin was in India, where <a href="/wiki/Nehru" class="mw-redirect" title="Nehru">Nehru</a>, the new nation's first Prime Minister, introduced him to an influential yogi <a href="/wiki/B._K._S._Iyengar" title="B. K. S. Iyengar">B. K. S. Iyengar</a>, who was largely unknown outside the country.<sup id="cite_ref-Rolfe_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rolfe-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Menuhin arranged for Iyengar to teach abroad in London, Switzerland, Paris, and elsewhere. He became one of the first prominent yoga masters teaching in the West. </p><p>Menuhin also took lessons from <a href="/wiki/Indra_Devi" title="Indra Devi">Indra Devi</a>, who opened the first yoga studio in the U.S. in Los Angeles in 1948.<sup id="cite_ref-Martin_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Martin-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Both Devi and Iyengar were students of <a href="/wiki/Krishnamacharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Krishnamacharya">Krishnamacharya</a>, a famous yoga master in India. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Death_and_legacy">Death and legacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Death and legacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Menuhin died in Martin Luther Hospital<sup id="cite_ref-Kozinn_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kozinn-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in Berlin, Germany, from complications of bronchitis. Soon after his death, the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a> acquired the <i>Yehudi Menuhin Archive</i>, which includes sheet music marked up for performance, correspondence, news articles and photographs relating to Menuhin, autograph musical manuscripts, and several portraits of <a href="/wiki/Paganini" class="mw-redirect" title="Paganini">Paganini</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Violins">Violins</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Violins"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Menuhin played a number of famous violins, arguably the most renowned of which is the <i><a href="/wiki/Lord_Wilton_Guarneri_del_Ges%C3%B9" class="mw-redirect" title="Lord Wilton Guarneri del Gesù">Lord Wilton Guarnerius 1742</a></i>. Others included the <i>Giovanni Bussetto 1680</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Grancino" title="Giovanni Grancino">Giovanni Grancino</a> 1695</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Guarneri" title="Guarneri">Guarneri</a> filius Andrea 1703</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Soil_Stradivarius" title="Soil Stradivarius">Soil Stradivarius</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Stradivari" title="Antonio Stradivari">Prince Khevenhüller 1733 Stradivari</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Guarneri" title="Giuseppe Guarneri">Guarneri del Gesù 1739</a></i>. </p><p>In his autobiography <i>Unfinished Journey</i>, Menuhin wrote: "A great violin is alive; its very shape embodies its maker's intentions, and its wood stores the history, or the soul, of its successive owners. I never play without feeling that I have released or, alas, violated spirits."<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honours">Awards and honours</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Awards and honours"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Appointed to the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_the_British_Empire" title="Order of the British Empire">Order of the British Empire</a> (KBE) in 1965. At the time of his appointment, he was an American citizen. As a result, his <a href="/wiki/Knighthood" class="mw-redirect" title="Knighthood">knighthood</a> was honorary and he was not entitled to use the style 'Sir'. Later, he became a British citizen and the knighthood became substantive. In 1993, he was ennobled taking the style <i><a href="/wiki/The_Right_Honourable" title="The Right Honourable">The Right Honourable</a></i> The Lord Menuhin, OM, KBE (see below).<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_of_the_City" title="Freedom of the City">Freedom of the City</a> (<a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a>, Scotland, 1965).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru_Award_for_International_Understanding" class="mw-redirect" title="Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding">Jawaharlal Nehru Award for International Understanding</a> (1968).<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Became President of the <a href="/wiki/International_Music_Council" title="International Music Council">International Music Council</a> (1969–1975)<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Became President of Trinity College of Music (now <a href="/wiki/Trinity_Laban_Conservatoire_of_Music_and_Dance" title="Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance">Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance</a>), 1970.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9onie_Sonning_Music_Prize" title="Léonie Sonning Music Prize">Léonie Sonning Music Prize</a> (<a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a>, 1972).</li> <li>Nominated as president of the <a href="/wiki/Elgar_Society" title="Elgar Society">Elgar Society</a> (1983).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Ernst_von_Siemens_Music_Prize" title="Ernst von Siemens Music Prize">Ernst von Siemens Music Prize</a> (1984).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honors</a> (1986).</li> <li>Appointed as a member of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit" title="Order of Merit">Order of Merit</a> (1987).<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>His recording of <a href="/wiki/Edward_Elgar" title="Edward Elgar">Edward Elgar</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Cello_Concerto_(Elgar)" title="Cello Concerto (Elgar)">Cello Concerto in E minor</a> with <a href="/wiki/Julian_Lloyd_Webber" title="Julian Lloyd Webber">Julian Lloyd Webber</a> won the 1987 <a href="/wiki/BRIT_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="BRIT Awards">BRIT Award</a> for Best British Classical Recording (BBC Music Magazine named this recording "the finest version ever recorded").</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Glenn_Gould_Prize" title="Glenn Gould Prize">Glenn Gould Prize</a> (1990), in recognition of his lifetime of contributions.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf_Prize_in_Arts" title="Wolf Prize in Arts">Wolf Prize in Arts</a> (1991).</li> <li>Ambassador of Goodwill (<a href="/wiki/UNESCO" title="UNESCO">UNESCO</a>, 1992).</li> <li>On 19 July 1993, Menuhin was made a <a href="/wiki/Life_peer" title="Life peer">life peer</a>, as Baron Menuhin, of <a href="/wiki/Stoke_d%27Abernon" title="Stoke d'Abernon">Stoke d'Abernon</a> in the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Surrey" class="mw-redirect" title="County of Surrey">County of Surrey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Sangeet_Natak_Akademi_fellows" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Sangeet Natak Akademi fellows">Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship</a> the highest honour conferred by <a href="/wiki/Sangeet_Natak_Akademi" title="Sangeet Natak Akademi">Sangeet Natak Akademi</a>, India's National Academy for Music, Dance and Drama (1994).<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The Konex Decoration (<a href="/wiki/Konex_Foundation" title="Konex Foundation">Konex Foundation</a>, Argentina, 1994).</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn_Peace_Medal" title="Otto Hahn Peace Medal">Otto Hahn Peace Medal</a> in Gold of the United Nations Association of Germany (DGVN) in Berlin (1997).</li> <li>Honorary Doctorates from 20 universities, including <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">Oxford</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Cambridge" title="University of Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_St_Andrews" title="University of St Andrews">St Andrews</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vrije_Universiteit_Brussel" title="Vrije Universiteit Brussel">Vrije Universiteit Brussel</a> and the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Bath" title="University of Bath">University of Bath</a> (1969).<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The room in which concerts and performances are held at the <a href="/wiki/European_Parliament" title="European Parliament">European Parliament</a> in Brussels is named the "Yehudi Menuhin Space".</li> <li>Menuhin was honored as a "Freeman" of the cities of Edinburgh, Bath, Reims and Warsaw.</li> <li>He held the Gold Medals of the cities of Paris, New York and Jerusalem.</li> <li>Honorary degree from <a href="/wiki/Kalamazoo_College" title="Kalamazoo College">Kalamazoo College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Elected an Honorary Fellow of <a href="/wiki/Fitzwilliam_College,_Cambridge" title="Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge">Fitzwilliam College</a> in 1991.</li> <li>He received the 1997 <a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Asturias_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Prince of Asturias Awards">Prince of Asturias Award</a> in the Concord category along with Russian cellist <a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a>.</li> <li>In 1997, he received the Grand Cross 1st class of the <a href="/wiki/Order_of_Merit_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany">Order of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany</a>.</li> <li>On 15 May 1998, Menuhin received the Grand Cross of the <a href="/wiki/Military_Order_of_Saint_James_of_the_Sword" title="Military Order of Saint James of the Sword">Order of Saint James of the Sword (Portugal)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="max-width: 100%"> <caption class="nowrap">Coat of arms of Yehudi Menuhin </caption> <tbody><tr> <td style="min-width:175px;"> <dl><dt>Crest</dt> <dd>Out of an eastern crown Or inscribed on either side with a crotchet rest a sharp semi-quaver a flat and semi-quaver rest Sable a pair of cubit arms Proper supporting a terrestrial globe the land Vert fimbriated Or the sea Azure.</dd> <dt>Escutcheon</dt> <dd>Azure four bendlets between as many violin bridges Gold.</dd> <dt>Supporters</dt> <dd>On either side a representation of a firebird à la Benois wings elevated and addorsed Gules beaked and membered with wings tipped Or the tail Bleu Celeste that to the dexter Gorged with a chain Or pendent therefrom a hurt fimbriated and charged with a menorah Or the candles Argent enflamed Proper that to the sinister gorged with a like chain pendent therefore a bezant charged with a representation of the gypsy flag mon Proper the compartment a grassy mound with bluebells and blue poppies growing therefrom all Proper with at the centre thereof a plough Gold.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dd></dl> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_references">Cultural references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Cultural references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/Catchphrase" title="Catchphrase">catchphrase</a> "<a href="/wiki/Who%27s_Yehoodi%3F" title="Who's Yehoodi?">Who's Yehoodi?</a>" popular in the 1930s and 1940s was inspired by Menuhin's guest appearance on a radio show, where <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Colonna_(entertainer)" title="Jerry Colonna (entertainer)">Jerry Colonna</a> turned "Yehoodi" into a widely recognized slang term for a mysteriously absent person. It eventually lost all of its original connection with Menuhin.</li> <li>Menuhin was also "meant" to appear on <i><a href="/wiki/The_Morecambe_%26_Wise_Show_(1968%E2%80%931977)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Morecambe & Wise Show (1968–1977)">The 1971 Morecambe and Wise Christmas Show</a></i> but could not do so as he was "opening at the <a href="/wiki/Argyle_Theatre" title="Argyle Theatre">Argyle Theatre</a>, Birkenhead in <i>Old King Cole</i>". He was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Eric_Morecambe" title="Eric Morecambe">Eric Morecambe</a> in the famous "Grieg's Piano Concerto by Grieg" sketch featuring the conductor <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Previn" title="André Previn">André Previn</a>; he was also invited to appear on their 1973 Christmas Show to play his "banjo" as they said playing his violin would not be any good; he ruefully said that "I can't help you".</li> <li>A picture of Menuhin as a child is sometimes used as part of a <a href="/wiki/Thematic_Apperception_Test" title="Thematic Apperception Test">Thematic Apperception Test</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Films">Films</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Films"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1943 – Menuhin was a featured performer in the 1943 film, <i>Stage Door Canteen</i>. Introduced only as "Mr. Menuhin," he performed two violin solos, "Ave Maria" and "Flight of the Bumble Bee" for an audience of servicemen, volunteer hostesses and celebrities from stage and screen.</li> <li>1946 – Menuhin supplied the violin solos in the film <i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Bow" title="The Magic Bow">The Magic Bow</a></i>.</li> <li>1979 – <i>The Music of Man</i> (television series)</li> <li><i>The Mind of Music</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kent" title="Jacqueline Kent">Jacqueline Kent</a>, <i>An Exacting Heart: The Story of Hephzibah Menuhin</i>, pp. 11, 158, 190</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jacqueline Kent, <i>An Exacting Heart: The Story of Hephzibah Menuhin</i>, p. 18</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFBrown2016" class="citation journal cs1">Brown, Frederick (2016). "Yehudi Menuhin: The Childhood of a Prodigy". <i>The Hudson Review</i>. <b>69</b> (2): 287–296. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/24757294">24757294</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Hudson+Review&rft.atitle=Yehudi+Menuhin%3A+The+Childhood+of+a+Prodigy&rft.volume=69&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=287-296&rft.date=2016&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F24757294%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=Frederick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarr1997" class="citation book cs1">Starr, Kevin (1997). <i>The Dream Endures</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780195100792" title="Special:BookSources/9780195100792"><bdi>9780195100792</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Dream+Endures&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780195100792&rft.aulast=Starr&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-boys-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-boys_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Julia_Boyd" title="Julia Boyd">Julia Boyd</a>, <i>Travellers in the Third Reich</i>, Elliott and Thompson Limited, London, 2018, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78396-381-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78396-381-2">978-1-78396-381-2</a>, page 73, paraphrasing Edward Sackville-West</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-boyd2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-boyd2_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Unnamed critic in the <i>Berliner Zeitung</i>, 12 April 1929, quoted in translation in Boyd, page 73</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHindleKlyver2011" class="citation book cs1">Hindle, Kevin; Klyver, Kim (1 January 2011). <span class="id-lock-limited" title="Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookresearch00hind"><i>Handbook of Research on New Venture Creation</i></a></span>. Edward Elgar Publishing. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/handbookresearch00hind/page/n98">79</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85793-306-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85793-306-5"><bdi>978-0-85793-306-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Handbook+of+Research+on+New+Venture+Creation&rft.pages=79&rft.pub=Edward+Elgar+Publishing&rft.date=2011-01-01&rft.isbn=978-0-85793-306-5&rft.aulast=Hindle&rft.aufirst=Kevin&rft.au=Klyver%2C+Kim&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhandbookresearch00hind&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Conversations with Menuhin: 32–34</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.menuhinacademy.ch/site/wp/">"International Menuhin Music Academy"</a>. <i>menuhinacademy.ch</i>. Gstaad. 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=menuhinacademy.ch&rft.atitle=International+Menuhin+Music+Academy&rft.date=2019&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.menuhinacademy.ch%2Fsite%2Fwp%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=618484">"Alberto Lysy: maestro busca talentos"</a>. <i>lanacion.com.ar</i>. 18 July 2004<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=lanacion.com.ar&rft.atitle=Alberto+Lysy%3A+maestro+busca+talentos&rft.date=2004-07-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lanacion.com.ar%2Fnota.asp%3Fnota_id%3D618484&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/2775834">"The Third Bath Assembly – Festival of the Arts"</a>. <i>The Canberra Times</i>. 18 April 1950<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Canberra+Times&rft.atitle=The+Third+Bath+Assembly+%E2%80%93+Festival+of+the+Arts&rft.date=1950-04-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftrove.nla.gov.au%2Fnewspaper%2Farticle%2F2775834&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBullamore1999" class="citation book cs1">Bullamore, Tim (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mushroompublishing.com/fiftyfest/ff_conts.html"><i>Fifty Festivals</i></a>. Mushroom Books. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-899142-29-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-899142-29-3"><bdi>978-1-899142-29-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 March</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fifty+Festivals&rft.pub=Mushroom+Books&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-1-899142-29-3&rft.aulast=Bullamore&rft.aufirst=Tim&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mushroompublishing.com%2Ffiftyfest%2Fff_conts.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLarsson_Pineda2021" class="citation web cs1">Larsson Pineda, Naomi (10 July 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.abbeyroad.com/news/abbey-road-90-ravi-shankar-and-yehudi-menuhin-record-west-meets-east-the-first-time-indian-and-western-classical-music-come-together-3010">"Abbey Road 90: Ravi Shankar and Yehudi Menuhin Record 'West Meets East' – the first time Indian and Western Classical music come together"</a>. Abbey Road Studios<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 October</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+Internationalist&rft.atitle=Yehudi+Menuhin+%281916%E2%80%931999%29&rft.date=2004-10-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnewint.org%2F%2Ffeatures%2F2004%2F10%2F01%2Fyehudi-menuhin%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1970/12/04/archives/menuhin-warned-on-citizenship-violinist-told-by-the-department-of.html">"Menuhin Warned on Citizenship"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 4 December 1970.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Menuhin+Warned+on+Citizenship&rft.date=1970-12-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1970%2F12%2F04%2Farchives%2Fmenuhin-warned-on-citizenship-violinist-told-by-the-department-of.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1985/08/01/arts/britain-bestows-citizenship-on-yehudi-menuhin.html">"Britain Bestows Citizenship on Yehudi Menuhin"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. August 1985.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Britain+Bestows+Citizenship+on+Yehudi+Menuhin&rft.date=1985-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1985%2F08%2F01%2Farts%2Fbritain-bestows-citizenship-on-yehudi-menuhin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.menuhinschool.co.uk/school/information/yehudi-menuhin">"Yehudi Menuhin School :: Yehudi Menuhin :: Yehudi Menuhin"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yehudi+Menuhin+School+%3A%3A+Yehudi+Menuhin+%3A%3A+Yehudi+Menuhin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.menuhinschool.co.uk%2Fschool%2Finformation%2Fyehudi-menuhin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEinsteinNathanNorden1968" class="citation book cs1">Einstein, Albert; Nathan, Otto; Norden, Heinz (1968). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.org/details/einsteinonpeace00eins"><i>Einstein on peace</i></a>. 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New York, Schocken Books. pp. 539, 670, 676.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Einstein+on+peace&rft.pages=539%2C+670%2C+676&rft.pub=New+York%2C+Schocken+Books&rft.date=1968&rft.aulast=Einstein&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft.au=Nathan%2C+Otto&rft.au=Norden%2C+Heinz&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Feinsteinonpeace00eins&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bibliotecanacionaldigital.gob.cl/bnd/623/w3-article-137193.html">"[Carta] 1950 oct. 12, Genève, [Suiza] [a] Gabriela Mistral, Santiago, Chile [manuscrito] Gerry Kraus"</a>. <i>BND: Archivo del Escritor</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iccrindia.net/jnawardlist.html">the original</a> on 1 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 January</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=List+of+the+recipients+of+the+Jawaharlal+Nehru+Award&rft.pub=ICCR+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iccrindia.net%2Fjnawardlist.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.imc-cim.org/about-imc-separator/structure/143-about/20-current-and-past-presidents.html">"Current and Past Presidents"</a>. International Music Council<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Current+and+Past+Presidents&rft.pub=International+Music+Council&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.imc-cim.org%2Fabout-imc-separator%2Fstructure%2F143-about%2F20-current-and-past-presidents.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.trinitylaban.ac.uk/about-us/overview/history">"History of Trinity Laban"</a>. Trinity Laban website<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Trinity+Laban&rft.pub=Trinity+Laban+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trinitylaban.ac.uk%2Fabout-us%2Foverview%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette50849" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/50849/page/2855">"No. 50849"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 3 March 1987. p. 2855.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+50849&rft.pages=2855&rft.date=1987-03-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F50849%2Fpage%2F2855&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGazette53379" class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thegazette.co.uk/London/issue/53379/page/12287">"No. 53379"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_London_Gazette" title="The London Gazette">The London Gazette</a></i>. 22 July 1993. p. 12287.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+London+Gazette&rft.atitle=No.+53379&rft.pages=12287&rft.date=1993-07-22&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thegazette.co.uk%2FLondon%2Fissue%2F53379%2Fpage%2F12287&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304023617/http://sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/fellowslist.htm">"SNA: List of Sangeet Natak Akademi <i>Ratna Puraskar</i>winners (Akademi Fellows)"</a>. Official website. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sangeetnatak.gov.in/sna/fellowslist.htm">the original</a> on 4 March 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SNA%3A+List+of+Sangeet+Natak+Akademi+Ratna+Puraskarwinners+%28Akademi+Fellows%29&rft.pub=Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsangeetnatak.gov.in%2Fsna%2Ffellowslist.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bath.ac.uk/ceremonies/hongrads/older.html">"Corporate Information"</a>. <i>bath.ac.uk</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bath.ac.uk&rft.atitle=Corporate+Information&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bath.ac.uk%2Fceremonies%2Fhongrads%2Folder.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kzoo.edu/college/?p=history&s=honorary">"Faculty and Staff Directory | Kalamazoo College"</a>. <i>www.kzoo.edu</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.kzoo.edu&rft.atitle=Faculty+and+Staff+Directory+%26%23124%3B+Kalamazoo+College&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kzoo.edu%2Fcollege%2F%3Fp%3Dhistory%26s%3Dhonorary&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=153">"Cidadãos Estrangeiros Agraciados com Ordens Portuguesas"</a> [Foreign Citizens Granted with Portuguese Orders] (in Portuguese). Lisbon: Presidência da República Portuguesa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 March</span> 2017</span>. <q>Search result for "Yehudi Menuhin".</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cidad%C3%A3os+Estrangeiros+Agraciados+com+Ordens+Portuguesas&rft.place=Lisbon&rft.pub=Presid%C3%AAncia+da+Rep%C3%BAblica+Portuguesa&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ordens.presidencia.pt%2F%3Fidc%3D153&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Debrett's Peerage</i>. 2000.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Debrett%27s+Peerage&rft.date=2000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://web.utk.edu/~wmorgan/tat/tattx1.htm">"A young boy is contemplating a violin..."</a> University of Tennessee<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 January</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=A+young+boy+is+contemplating+a+violin...&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fweb.utk.edu%2F~wmorgan%2Ftat%2Ftattx1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRolfe2014" class="citation book cs1">Rolfe, Lionel Menuhin (2014). <i>The Menuhins: A Family Odyssey</i>. Los Angeles: Createspace. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4414-9399-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4414-9399-6"><bdi>978-1-4414-9399-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Menuhins%3A+A+Family+Odyssey&rft.place=Los+Angeles&rft.pub=Createspace&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-1-4414-9399-6&rft.aulast=Rolfe&rft.aufirst=Lionel+Menuhin&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenuhin1984" class="citation book cs1">Menuhin, Diana (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fiddlersmolllife00menu"><i>Fiddler's Moll. Life With Yehudi</i></a>. New York: St Martin's Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-312-28819-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-312-28819-0"><bdi>0-312-28819-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Fiddler%27s+Moll.+Life+With+Yehudi&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=St+Martin%27s+Press&rft.date=1984&rft.isbn=0-312-28819-0&rft.aulast=Menuhin&rft.aufirst=Diana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffiddlersmolllife00menu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenuhin1977" class="citation book cs1">Menuhin, Yehudi (1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unfinishedjourne00menu"><i>Unfinished Journey</i></a>. New York: Knopf. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-41051-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-41051-3"><bdi>0-394-41051-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unfinished+Journey&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0-394-41051-3&rft.aulast=Menuhin&rft.aufirst=Yehudi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funfinishedjourne00menu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenuhin1997" class="citation book cs1">Menuhin, Yehudi (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/unfinishedjourne0000menu"><i>Unfinished Journey: Twenty Years Later</i></a>. New York: Fromm Intl. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-88064-179-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-88064-179-7"><bdi>0-88064-179-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Unfinished+Journey%3A+Twenty+Years+Later&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Fromm+Intl&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=0-88064-179-7&rft.aulast=Menuhin&rft.aufirst=Yehudi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Funfinishedjourne0000menu&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a href="/wiki/L._Subramaniam" title="L. Subramaniam">L. Subramaniam</a>, Y. Menuhin; Directed by Jean Henri Meunier (1999). <i>Violin From the Heart</i> (DVD).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Violin+From+the+Heart&rft.date=1999&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailey2008" class="citation book cs1">Bailey, Philip (2008). <i>Yehudiana – Reliving the Menuhin Odyssey|Book One</i>. Australia: Fountaindale Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9804499-0-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9804499-0-7"><bdi>978-0-9804499-0-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yehudiana+%E2%80%93+Reliving+the+Menuhin+Odyssey%26%23124%3BBook+One&rft.place=Australia&rft.pub=Fountaindale+Press&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-9804499-0-7&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBailey2010" class="citation book cs1">Bailey, Philip (2010). <i>Yehudiana – Reliving the Menuhin Odyssey Book Two</i>. Australia: Fountaindale Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9804499-1-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9804499-1-4"><bdi>978-0-9804499-1-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yehudiana+%E2%80%93+Reliving+the+Menuhin+Odyssey+Book+Two&rft.place=Australia&rft.pub=Fountaindale+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-9804499-1-4&rft.aulast=Bailey&rft.aufirst=Philip&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurton2000" class="citation book cs1">Burton, Humphrey (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/yehudimenuhinlif00burt"><i>Yehudi Menuhin: a life</i></a>. Northeastern. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-55553-465-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-55553-465-3"><bdi>978-1-55553-465-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Yehudi+Menuhin%3A+a+life&rft.pub=Northeastern&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=978-1-55553-465-3&rft.aulast=Burton&rft.aufirst=Humphrey&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fyehudimenuhinlif00burt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYehudi+Menuhin" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yehudi_Menuhin&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=Yehudi%20Menuhin">Yehudi Menuhin performing works by Bach, Bartók, Lalo, Mendelssohn, Mozart, Paganini and Tchaikovsky on Archive.org</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bruceduffie.com/menuhin.html">Yehudi Menuhin interview</a>, 31 January 1987</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external 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title="Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau">Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elliott_Carter" title="Elliott Carter">Elliott Carter</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gidon_Kremer" title="Gidon Kremer">Gidon Kremer</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Witold Lutosławski</a> (1983)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yehudi Menuhin</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia" title="Andrés Segovia">Andrés Segovia</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Stockhausen" title="Karlheinz Stockhausen">Karlheinz Stockhausen</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Schreier" title="Peter Schreier">Peter Schreier</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Berio" title="Luciano Berio">Luciano Berio</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Werner_Henze" title="Hans Werner Henze">Hans Werner Henze</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Holliger" title="Heinz Holliger">Heinz Holliger</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/H._C._Robbins_Landon" title="H. C. Robbins Landon">H. C. Robbins Landon</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Abbado" title="Claudio Abbado">Claudio Abbado</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Birtwistle" title="Harrison Birtwistle">Harrison Birtwistle</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Pollini" title="Maurizio Pollini">Maurizio Pollini</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Lachenmann" title="Helmut Lachenmann">Helmut Lachenmann</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Kurt%C3%A1g" title="György Kurtág">György Kurtág</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arditti_Quartet" title="Arditti Quartet">Arditti Quartet</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mauricio_Kagel" title="Mauricio Kagel">Mauricio Kagel</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reinhold_Brinkmann" title="Reinhold Brinkmann">Reinhold Brinkmann</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Harnoncourt" title="Nikolaus Harnoncourt">Nikolaus Harnoncourt</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Rihm" title="Wolfgang Rihm">Wolfgang Rihm</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Brendel" title="Alfred Brendel">Alfred Brendel</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henri_Dutilleux" title="Henri Dutilleux">Henri Dutilleux</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Ferneyhough" title="Brian Ferneyhough">Brian Ferneyhough</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Sophie_Mutter" title="Anne-Sophie Mutter">Anne-Sophie Mutter</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Huber" title="Klaus Huber">Klaus Huber</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Gielen" title="Michael Gielen">Michael Gielen</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aribert_Reimann" title="Aribert Reimann">Aribert Reimann</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Cerha" title="Friedrich Cerha">Friedrich Cerha</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariss_Jansons" title="Mariss Jansons">Mariss Jansons</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_G%C3%BClke" title="Peter Gülke">Peter Gülke</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christoph_Eschenbach" title="Christoph Eschenbach">Christoph Eschenbach</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_N%C3%B8rg%C3%A5rd" title="Per Nørgård">Per Nørgård</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Laurent_Aimard" title="Pierre-Laurent Aimard">Pierre-Laurent Aimard</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beat_Furrer" title="Beat Furrer">Beat Furrer</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rebecca_Saunders" title="Rebecca Saunders">Rebecca Saunders</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tabea_Zimmermann" title="Tabea Zimmermann">Tabea Zimmermann</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Aperghis" title="Georges Aperghis">Georges Aperghis</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olga_Neuwirth" title="Olga Neuwirth">Olga Neuwirth</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Benjamin_(composer)" title="George Benjamin (composer)">George Benjamin</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unsuk_Chin" title="Unsuk Chin">Unsuk Chin</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Glenn_Gould_Prize_laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Glenn_Gould_Prize_laureates" title="Template:Glenn Gould Prize laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Glenn_Gould_Prize_laureates" title="Template talk:Glenn Gould Prize laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Glenn_Gould_Prize_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Glenn Gould Prize laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Glenn_Gould_Prize_laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Gould_Prize" title="Glenn Gould Prize">Glenn Gould Prize laureates</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1987 <a href="/wiki/R._Murray_Schafer" title="R. Murray Schafer">R. Murray Schafer</a></li> <li>1990 <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yehudi Menuhin</a></li> <li>1993 <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Peterson" title="Oscar Peterson">Oscar Peterson</a></li> <li>1996 <a href="/wiki/T%C5%8Dru_Takemitsu" title="Tōru Takemitsu">Tōru Takemitsu</a></li> <li>1999 <a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a></li> <li>2002 <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a></li> <li>2005 <a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Previn" title="André Previn">André Previn</a></li> <li>2008 <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Antonio_Abreu" title="José Antonio Abreu">José Antonio Abreu</a></li> <li>2011 <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen</a></li> <li>2013 <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lepage" title="Robert Lepage">Robert Lepage</a></li> <li>2015 <a href="/wiki/Philip_Glass" title="Philip Glass">Philip Glass</a></li> <li>2018 <a href="/wiki/Jessye_Norman" title="Jessye Norman">Jessye Norman</a></li> <li>2020 <a href="/wiki/Alanis_Obomsawin" title="Alanis Obomsawin">Alanis Obomsawin</a></li> <li>2022 <a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Dudamel" title="Gustavo Dudamel">Gustavo Dudamel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kennedy_Center_Honorees_(1980s)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template talk:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kennedy_Center_Honorees_(1980s)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Kennedy Center Honorees</a> (1980s)</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Cagney" title="James Cagney">James Cagney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnes_de_Mille" title="Agnes de Mille">Agnes de Mille</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lynn_Fontanne" title="Lynn Fontanne">Lynn Fontanne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Count_Basie" title="Count Basie">Count Basie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cary_Grant" title="Cary Grant">Cary Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Hayes" title="Helen Hayes">Helen Hayes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Serkin" title="Rudolf Serkin">Rudolf Serkin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1982</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott" title="George Abbott">George Abbott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lillian_Gish" title="Lillian Gish">Lillian Gish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benny_Goodman" title="Benny Goodman">Benny Goodman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gene_Kelly" title="Gene Kelly">Gene Kelly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Ormandy" title="Eugene Ormandy">Eugene Ormandy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1983</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Katherine_Dunham" title="Katherine Dunham">Katherine Dunham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elia_Kazan" title="Elia Kazan">Elia Kazan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Sinatra" title="Frank Sinatra">Frank Sinatra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Stewart" title="James Stewart">James Stewart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virgil_Thomson" title="Virgil Thomson">Virgil Thomson</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Horne" title="Lena Horne">Lena Horne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Kaye" title="Danny Kaye">Danny Kaye</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gian_Carlo_Menotti" title="Gian Carlo Menotti">Gian Carlo Menotti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1985</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Merce_Cunningham" title="Merce Cunningham">Merce Cunningham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_Dunne" title="Irene Dunne">Irene Dunne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Hope" title="Bob Hope">Bob Hope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Jay_Lerner" title="Alan Jay Lerner">Alan Jay Lerner</a> & <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Loewe" title="Frederick Loewe">Frederick Loewe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beverly_Sills" title="Beverly Sills">Beverly Sills</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1986</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lucille_Ball" title="Lucille Ball">Lucille Ball</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ray_Charles" title="Ray Charles">Ray Charles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hume_Cronyn" title="Hume Cronyn">Hume Cronyn</a> & <a href="/wiki/Jessica_Tandy" title="Jessica Tandy">Jessica Tandy</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yehudi Menuhin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antony_Tudor" title="Antony Tudor">Antony Tudor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1987</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Perry_Como" title="Perry Como">Perry Como</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bette_Davis" title="Bette Davis">Bette Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sammy_Davis_Jr." title="Sammy Davis Jr.">Sammy Davis Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Milstein" title="Nathan Milstein">Nathan Milstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alwin_Nikolais" title="Alwin Nikolais">Alwin Nikolais</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1988</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alvin_Ailey" title="Alvin Ailey">Alvin Ailey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Burns" title="George Burns">George Burns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrna_Loy" title="Myrna Loy">Myrna Loy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_Schneider" title="Alexander Schneider">Alexander Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_L._Stevens" title="Roger L. Stevens">Roger L. Stevens</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1989</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Belafonte" title="Harry Belafonte">Harry Belafonte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudette_Colbert" title="Claudette Colbert">Claudette Colbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Danilova" title="Alexandra Danilova">Alexandra Danilova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_Martin" title="Mary Martin">Mary Martin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Schuman" title="William Schuman">William Schuman</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kennedy_Center_Honors" title="Kennedy Center Honors">Complete list</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1970s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1970s">1970s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1980s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1980s">1980s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_1990s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 1990s">1990s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2000s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2000s">2000s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2010s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2010s">2010s</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Kennedy_Center_Honorees_2020s" title="Template:Kennedy Center Honorees 2020s">2020s</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template:Gramophone Hall of Fame"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Template talk:Gramophone Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Gramophone Hall of Fame"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gramophone_Hall_of_Fame" title="Gramophone Hall of Fame">Gramophone Hall of Fame</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Conductors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Abbado" title="Claudio Abbado">Claudio Abbado</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Barbirolli" title="John Barbirolli">John Barbirolli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beecham" title="Thomas Beecham">Thomas Beecham</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Beecham_selected_discography" title="Thomas Beecham selected discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Karl_B%C3%B6hm" title="Karl Böhm">Karl Böhm</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Boult" title="Adrian Boult">Adrian Boult</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Adrian_Boult_discography" title="Adrian Boult discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sergiu_Celibidache" title="Sergiu Celibidache">Sergiu Celibidache</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Chailly" title="Riccardo Chailly">Riccardo Chailly</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Colin_Davis" title="Colin Davis">Colin Davis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gustavo_Dudamel" title="Gustavo Dudamel">Gustavo Dudamel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Furtw%C3%A4ngler" title="Wilhelm Furtwängler">Wilhelm Furtwängler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_Gardiner" title="John Eliot Gardiner">John Eliot Gardiner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlo_Maria_Giulini" title="Carlo Maria Giulini">Carlo Maria Giulini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Haitink" title="Bernard Haitink">Bernard Haitink</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Haitink_discography" title="Bernard Haitink discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Harnoncourt" title="Nikolaus Harnoncourt">Nikolaus Harnoncourt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hogwood" title="Christopher Hogwood">Christopher Hogwood</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mariss_Jansons" title="Mariss Jansons">Mariss Jansons</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Herbert_von_Karajan" title="Herbert von Karajan">Herbert von Karajan</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Kleiber" title="Carlos Kleiber">Carlos Kleiber</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Kleiber_discography" title="Carlos Kleiber discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Otto_Klemperer" title="Otto Klemperer">Otto Klemperer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Kubel%C3%ADk" title="Rafael Kubelík">Rafael Kubelík</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Levine" title="James Levine">James Levine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Mackerras" title="Charles Mackerras">Charles Mackerras</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Neville_Marriner" title="Neville Marriner">Neville Marriner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Zubin_Mehta" title="Zubin Mehta">Zubin Mehta</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yevgeny_Mravinsky" title="Yevgeny Mravinsky">Yevgeny Mravinsky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Muti" title="Riccardo Muti">Riccardo Muti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Eugene_Ormandy" title="Eugene Ormandy">Eugene Ormandy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Pappano" title="Antonio Pappano">Antonio Pappano</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Pinnock" title="Trevor Pinnock">Trevor Pinnock</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Rattle" title="Simon Rattle">Simon Rattle</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Rattle_discography" title="Simon Rattle discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Reiner" title="Fritz Reiner">Fritz Reiner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Georg_Solti" title="Georg Solti">Georg Solti</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Georg_Solti_discography" title="Georg Solti discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leopold_Stokowski" title="Leopold Stokowski">Leopold Stokowski</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/George_Szell" title="George Szell">George Szell</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Tilson_Thomas" title="Michael Tilson Thomas">Michael Tilson Thomas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini" title="Arturo Toscanini">Arturo Toscanini</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Toscanini_discography" title="Arturo Toscanini discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Walter" title="Bruno Walter">Bruno Walter</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Allen_(baritone)" title="Thomas Allen (baritone)">Thomas Allen</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Victoria_de_los_%C3%81ngeles" title="Victoria de los Ángeles">Victoria de los Ángeles</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Janet_Baker" title="Janet Baker">Janet Baker</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Cecilia_Bartoli" title="Cecilia Bartoli">Cecilia Bartoli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jussi_Bj%C3%B6rling" title="Jussi Björling">Jussi Björling</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Montserrat_Caball%C3%A9" title="Montserrat Caballé">Montserrat Caballé</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Callas" title="Maria Callas">Maria Callas</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carreras" title="José Carreras">José Carreras</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Enrico_Caruso" title="Enrico Caruso">Enrico Caruso</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Feodor_Chaliapin" title="Feodor Chaliapin">Feodor Chaliapin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joyce_DiDonato" title="Joyce DiDonato">Joyce DiDonato</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A1cido_Domingo" title="Plácido Domingo">Plácido Domingo</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kathleen_Ferrier" title="Kathleen Ferrier">Kathleen Ferrier</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Fischer-Dieskau" title="Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau">Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kirsten_Flagstad" title="Kirsten Flagstad">Kirsten Flagstad</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Fleming" title="Renée Fleming">Renée Fleming</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Gheorghiu" title="Angela Gheorghiu">Angela Gheorghiu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nicolai_Ghiaurov" title="Nicolai Ghiaurov">Nicolai Ghiaurov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tito_Gobbi" title="Tito Gobbi">Tito Gobbi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hampson" title="Thomas Hampson">Thomas Hampson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marilyn_Horne" title="Marilyn Horne">Marilyn Horne</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hans_Hotter" title="Hans Hotter">Hans Hotter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Hvorostovsky" title="Dmitri Hvorostovsky">Dmitri Hvorostovsky</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gundula_Janowitz" title="Gundula Janowitz">Gundula Janowitz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jonas_Kaufmann" title="Jonas Kaufmann">Jonas Kaufmann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Simon_Keenlyside" title="Simon Keenlyside">Simon Keenlyside</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emma_Kirkby" title="Emma Kirkby">Emma Kirkby</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anna_Netrebko" title="Anna Netrebko">Anna Netrebko</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Birgit_Nilsson" title="Birgit Nilsson">Birgit Nilsson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jessye_Norman" title="Jessye Norman">Jessye Norman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anne_Sofie_von_Otter" title="Anne Sofie von Otter">Anne Sofie von Otter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Luciano_Pavarotti" title="Luciano Pavarotti">Luciano Pavarotti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leontyne_Price" title="Leontyne Price">Leontyne Price</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Elisabeth_Schwarzkopf" title="Elisabeth Schwarzkopf">Elisabeth Schwarzkopf</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Joan_Sutherland" title="Joan Sutherland">Joan Sutherland</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Renata_Tebaldi" title="Renata Tebaldi">Renata Tebaldi</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kiri_Te_Kanawa" title="Kiri Te Kanawa">Kiri Te Kanawa</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bryn_Terfel" title="Bryn Terfel">Bryn Terfel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Wunderlich" title="Fritz Wunderlich">Fritz Wunderlich</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Keyboardists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Leif_Ove_Andsnes" title="Leif Ove Andsnes">Leif Ove Andsnes</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Martha_Argerich" title="Martha Argerich">Martha Argerich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Claudio_Arrau" title="Claudio Arrau">Claudio Arrau</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Ashkenazy" title="Vladimir Ashkenazy">Vladimir Ashkenazy</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Brendel" title="Alfred Brendel">Alfred Brendel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emil_Gilels" title="Emil Gilels">Emil Gilels</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Glenn_Gould" title="Glenn Gould">Glenn Gould</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Gulda" title="Friedrich Gulda">Friedrich Gulda</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Marc-Andr%C3%A9_Hamelin" title="Marc-André Hamelin">Marc-André Hamelin</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Marc-Andr%C3%A9_Hamelin_discography" title="Marc-André Hamelin discography"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/10px-CD_icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/15px-CD_icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/CD_icon.svg/20px-CD_icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192" /></a></span></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Angela_Hewitt" title="Angela Hewitt">Angela Hewitt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Horowitz" title="Vladimir Horowitz">Vladimir Horowitz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hough" title="Stephen Hough">Stephen Hough</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Kempff" title="Wilhelm Kempff">Wilhelm Kempff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Evgeny_Kissin" title="Evgeny Kissin">Evgeny Kissin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gustav_Leonhardt" title="Gustav Leonhardt">Gustav Leonhardt</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Lang_Lang" title="Lang Lang">Lang Lang</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dinu_Lipatti" title="Dinu Lipatti">Dinu Lipatti</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Radu_Lupu" title="Radu Lupu">Radu Lupu</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arturo_Benedetti_Michelangeli" title="Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli">Arturo Benedetti Michelangeli</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Murray_Perahia" title="Murray Perahia">Murray Perahia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurizio_Pollini" title="Maurizio Pollini">Maurizio Pollini</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Rachmaninoff" title="Sergei Rachmaninoff">Sergei Rachmaninoff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Sviatoslav_Richter" title="Sviatoslav Richter">Sviatoslav Richter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rubinstein" title="Arthur Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Schiff" title="András Schiff">András Schiff</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Artur_Schnabel" title="Artur Schnabel">Artur Schnabel</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Grigory_Sokolov" title="Grigory Sokolov">Grigory Sokolov</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mitsuko_Uchida" title="Mitsuko Uchida">Mitsuko Uchida</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">String/brass/<br />woodwind players</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Andr%C3%A9" title="Maurice André">Maurice André</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Dennis_Brain" title="Dennis Brain">Dennis Brain</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Julian_Bream" title="Julian Bream">Julian Bream</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Pablo_Casals" title="Pablo Casals">Pablo Casals</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kyung_Wha_Chung" title="Kyung Wha Chung">Kyung Wha Chung</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_du_Pr%C3%A9" title="Jacqueline du Pré">Jacqueline du Pré</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/James_Galway" title="James Galway">James Galway</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Grumiaux" title="Arthur Grumiaux">Arthur Grumiaux</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jascha_Heifetz" title="Jascha Heifetz">Jascha Heifetz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Holliger" title="Heinz Holliger">Heinz Holliger</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Steven_Isserlis" title="Steven Isserlis">Steven Isserlis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fritz_Kreisler" title="Fritz Kreisler">Fritz Kreisler</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Gidon_Kremer" title="Gidon Kremer">Gidon Kremer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Wynton_Marsalis" title="Wynton Marsalis">Wynton Marsalis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Albrecht_Mayer" title="Albrecht Mayer">Albrecht Mayer</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yehudi Menuhin</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nathan_Milstein" title="Nathan Milstein">Nathan Milstein</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Anne-Sophie_Mutter" title="Anne-Sophie Mutter">Anne-Sophie Mutter</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/David_Oistrakh" title="David Oistrakh">David Oistrakh</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Pahud" title="Emmanuel Pahud">Emmanuel Pahud</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Itzhak_Perlman" title="Itzhak Perlman">Itzhak Perlman</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Rampal" title="Jean-Pierre Rampal">Jean-Pierre Rampal</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jordi_Savall" title="Jordi Savall">Jordi Savall</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia" title="Andrés Segovia">Andrés Segovia</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Williams_(guitarist)" title="John Williams (guitarist)">John Williams</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ensembles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Alban_Berg_Quartett" title="Alban Berg Quartett">Alban Berg Quartett</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Amadeus_Quartet" title="Amadeus Quartet">Amadeus Quartet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Beaux_Arts_Trio" title="Beaux Arts Trio">Beaux Arts Trio</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_Singers" title="The King's Singers">The King's Singers</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Tak%C3%A1cs_Quartet" title="Takács Quartet">Takács Quartet</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/The_Tallis_Scholars" title="The Tallis Scholars">The Tallis Scholars</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Producers/engineers/<br />record label executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Emile_Berliner" title="Emile Berliner">Emile Berliner</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Coutaz" title="Bernard Coutaz">Bernard Coutaz</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/John_Culshaw" title="John Culshaw">John Culshaw</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/C._Robert_Fine" class="mw-redirect" title="C. Robert Fine">C. Robert Fine</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Fred_Gaisberg" title="Fred Gaisberg">Fred Gaisberg</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Klaus_Heymann" title="Klaus Heymann">Klaus Heymann</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Alain Lanceron</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Walter_Legge" title="Walter Legge">Walter Legge</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Edward_Lewis_(Decca)" title="Edward Lewis (Decca)">Edward Lewis</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Goddard_Lieberson" title="Goddard Lieberson">Goddard Lieberson</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Mohr" title="Richard Mohr">Richard Mohr</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap">Ted Perry</span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kenneth_Wilkinson" title="Kenneth Wilkinson">Kenneth Wilkinson</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Léonie_Sonning_Music_Prize_Laureates" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:L%C3%A9onie_Sonning_Music_Prize_laureates" title="Template:Léonie Sonning Music Prize laureates"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:L%C3%A9onie_Sonning_Music_Prize_laureates" title="Template talk:Léonie Sonning Music Prize laureates"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:L%C3%A9onie_Sonning_Music_Prize_laureates" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Léonie Sonning Music Prize laureates"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Léonie_Sonning_Music_Prize_Laureates" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9onie_Sonning_Music_Prize" title="Léonie Sonning Music Prize">Léonie Sonning Music Prize Laureates</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1950s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a> (1959)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1960s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birgit_Nilsson" title="Birgit Nilsson">Birgit Nilsson</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Witold Lutosławski</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Christoff" title="Boris Christoff">Boris Christoff</a> (1969)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sergiu_Celibidache" title="Sergiu Celibidache">Sergiu Celibidache</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Rubinstein" title="Arthur Rubinstein">Arthur Rubinstein</a> (1971)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yehudi Menuhin</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich" title="Dmitri Shostakovich">Dmitri Shostakovich</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Segovia" title="Andrés Segovia">Andrés Segovia</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dietrich_Fischer-Dieskau" title="Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau">Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mogens_W%C3%B6ldike" title="Mogens Wöldike">Mogens Wöldike</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Messiaen" title="Olivier Messiaen">Olivier Messiaen</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Rampal" title="Jean-Pierre Rampal">Jean-Pierre Rampal</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Janet_Baker" title="Janet Baker">Janet Baker</a> (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marie-Claire_Alain" title="Marie-Claire Alain">Marie-Claire Alain</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rafael_Kubel%C3%ADk" title="Rafael Kubelík">Rafael Kubelík</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_Davis" title="Miles Davis">Miles Davis</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sviatoslav_Richter" title="Sviatoslav Richter">Sviatoslav Richter</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinz_Holliger" title="Heinz Holliger">Heinz Holliger</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Schreier" title="Peter Schreier">Peter Schreier</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gidon_Kremer" title="Gidon Kremer">Gidon Kremer</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Ericson" title="Eric Ericson">Eric Ericson</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georg_Solti" title="Georg Solti">Georg Solti</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaus_Harnoncourt" title="Nikolaus Harnoncourt">Nikolaus Harnoncourt</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krystian_Zimerman" title="Krystian Zimerman">Krystian Zimerman</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuri_Bashmet" title="Yuri Bashmet">Yuri Bashmet</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_N%C3%B8rg%C3%A5rd" title="Per Nørgård">Per Nørgård</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A1s_Schiff" title="András Schiff">András Schiff</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hildegard_Behrens" title="Hildegard Behrens">Hildegard Behrens</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Gubaidulina" title="Sofia Gubaidulina">Sofia Gubaidulina</a> (1999)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">2000s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Michala_Petri" title="Michala Petri">Michala Petri</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anne-Sophie_Mutter" title="Anne-Sophie Mutter">Anne-Sophie Mutter</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Brendel" title="Alfred Brendel">Alfred Brendel</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Kurt%C3%A1g" title="György Kurtág">György Kurtág</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keith_Jarrett" title="Keith Jarrett">Keith Jarrett</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Eliot_Gardiner" title="John Eliot Gardiner">John Eliot Gardiner</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yo-Yo_Ma" title="Yo-Yo Ma">Yo-Yo Ma</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lars_Ulrik_Mortensen" title="Lars Ulrik Mortensen">Lars Ulrik Mortensen</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvo_P%C3%A4rt" title="Arvo Pärt">Arvo Pärt</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a> (2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">2010s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cecilia_Bartoli" title="Cecilia Bartoli">Cecilia Bartoli</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaija_Saariaho" title="Kaija Saariaho">Kaija Saariaho</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordi_Savall" title="Jordi Savall">Jordi Savall</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_Rattle" title="Simon Rattle">Simon Rattle</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Fr%C3%B6st" title="Martin Fröst">Martin Fröst</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ad%C3%A8s" title="Thomas Adès">Thomas Adès</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Blomstedt" title="Herbert Blomstedt">Herbert Blomstedt</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonidas_Kavakos" title="Leonidas Kavakos">Leonidas Kavakos</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mariss_Jansons" title="Mariss Jansons">Mariss Jansons</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Abrahamsen" title="Hans Abrahamsen">Hans Abrahamsen</a> (2019)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#d3d3d3;">2020s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbara_Hannigan" title="Barbara Hannigan">Barbara Hannigan</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unsuk_Chin" title="Unsuk Chin">Unsuk Chin</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Laurent_Aimard" title="Pierre-Laurent Aimard">Pierre-Laurent Aimard</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evelyn_Glennie" title="Evelyn Glennie">Evelyn Glennie</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emmanuel_Pahud" title="Emmanuel Pahud">Emmanuel Pahud</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Wolf_Prize_in_Arts" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:lightgrey"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wolf_Prize_in_Arts" title="Template:Wolf Prize in Arts"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wolf_Prize_in_Arts" title="Template talk:Wolf Prize in Arts"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wolf_Prize_in_Arts" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wolf Prize in Arts"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Wolf_Prize_in_Arts" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="/wiki/Wolf_Prize_in_Arts" title="Wolf Prize in Arts">Wolf Prize in Arts</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightgrey">Architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_Erskine_(architect)" title="Ralph Erskine (architect)">Ralph Erskine</a> (1983/4)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fumihiko_Maki" title="Fumihiko Maki">Fumihiko Maki</a> / <a href="/wiki/Giancarlo_De_Carlo" title="Giancarlo De Carlo">Giancarlo De Carlo</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frank_Gehry" title="Frank Gehry">Frank Gehry</a> / <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B8rn_Utzon" title="Jørn Utzon">Jørn Utzon</a> / <a href="/wiki/Denys_Lasdun" title="Denys Lasdun">Denys Lasdun</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frei_Otto" title="Frei Otto">Frei Otto</a> / <a href="/wiki/Aldo_van_Eyck" title="Aldo van Eyck">Aldo van Eyck</a> (1996/7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%81lvaro_Siza_Vieira" title="Álvaro Siza Vieira">Álvaro Siza Vieira</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Nouvel" title="Jean Nouvel">Jean Nouvel</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Chipperfield" title="David Chipperfield">David Chipperfield</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Eisenman" title="Peter Eisenman">Peter Eisenman</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Souto_de_Moura" title="Eduardo Souto de Moura">Eduardo Souto de Moura</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phyllis_Lambert" title="Phyllis Lambert">Phyllis Lambert</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moshe_Safdie" title="Moshe Safdie">Moshe Safdie</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Diller" title="Elizabeth Diller">Elizabeth Diller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Atelier_Bow-Wow" title="Atelier Bow-Wow">Momoyo Kaijima</a> / <a href="/wiki/Atelier_Bow-Wow" title="Atelier Bow-Wow">Yoshiharu Tsukamoto</a> (2022)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightgrey">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Horowitz" title="Vladimir Horowitz">Vladimir Horowitz</a> / <a href="/wiki/Olivier_Messiaen" title="Olivier Messiaen">Olivier Messiaen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Josef_Tal" title="Josef Tal">Josef Tal</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Stern" title="Isaac Stern">Isaac Stern</a> / <a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Penderecki" title="Krzysztof Penderecki">Krzysztof Penderecki</a> (1987)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yehudi Menuhin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Luciano_Berio" title="Luciano Berio">Luciano Berio</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zubin_Mehta" title="Zubin Mehta">Zubin Mehta</a> / <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a> (1995/6)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a> / <a href="/wiki/Riccardo_Muti" title="Riccardo Muti">Riccardo Muti</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giya_Kancheli" title="Giya Kancheli">Giya Kancheli</a> / <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Abbado" title="Claudio Abbado">Claudio Abbado</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A1cido_Domingo" title="Plácido Domingo">Plácido Domingo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Simon_Rattle" title="Simon Rattle">Simon Rattle</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jessye_Norman" title="Jessye Norman">Jessye Norman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Murray_Perahia" title="Murray Perahia">Murray Perahia</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_McCartney" title="Paul McCartney">Paul McCartney</a> / <a href="/wiki/%C3%81d%C3%A1m_Fischer" title="Ádám Fischer">Ádám Fischer</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stevie_Wonder" title="Stevie Wonder">Stevie Wonder</a> / <a href="/wiki/Olga_Neuwirth" title="Olga Neuwirth">Olga Neuwirth</a> (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Kurt%C3%A1g" title="György Kurtág">György Kurtág</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightgrey">Painting</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marc_Chagall" title="Marc Chagall">Marc Chagall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Antoni_T%C3%A0pies" title="Antoni Tàpies">Antoni Tàpies</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasper_Johns" title="Jasper Johns">Jasper Johns</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anselm_Kiefer" title="Anselm Kiefer">Anselm Kiefer</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerhard_Richter" title="Gerhard Richter">Gerhard Richter</a> (1994/5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bourgeois" title="Louise Bourgeois">Louise Bourgeois</a> (2002/3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Pistoletto" title="Michelangelo Pistoletto">Michelangelo Pistoletto</a> (2006/7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemarie_Trockel" title="Rosemarie Trockel">Rosemarie Trockel</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cindy_Sherman" title="Cindy Sherman">Cindy Sherman</a> (2020)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:lightgrey">Sculpture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Chillida" title="Eduardo Chillida">Eduardo Chillida</a> (1984/5)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claes_Oldenburg" title="Claes Oldenburg">Claes Oldenburg</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Nauman" title="Bruce Nauman">Bruce Nauman</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Turrell" title="James Turrell">James Turrell</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Bourgeois" title="Louise Bourgeois">Louise Bourgeois</a> (2002/3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michelangelo_Pistoletto" title="Michelangelo Pistoletto">Michelangelo Pistoletto</a> (2006/7)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olafur_Eliasson" title="Olafur Eliasson">Olafur Eliasson</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurie_Anderson" title="Laurie Anderson">Laurie Anderson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Weiner" title="Lawrence Weiner">Lawrence Weiner</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fujiko_Nakaya" title="Fujiko Nakaya">Fujiko Nakaya</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Long_(artist)" title="Richard Long (artist)">Richard Long</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Concord" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#99d6ff;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Concord" title="Template:Princess of Asturias Award for Concord"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Concord" title="Template talk:Princess of Asturias Award for Concord"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Concord" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Princess of Asturias Award for Concord"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laureates_of_the_Prince_or_Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Concord" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Laureates of the <a href="/wiki/Princess_of_Asturias_Awards" title="Princess of Asturias Awards">Prince or Princess of Asturias Award</a> for Concord</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Prince_of_Asturias_Award_for_Concord" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Prince of Asturias Award for Concord</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1986: <a href="/wiki/Vicariate_of_Solidarity" title="Vicariate of Solidarity">Vicariate of Solidarity</a></li> <li>1987: <a href="/wiki/Villa_El_Salvador" title="Villa El Salvador">Villa El Salvador</a></li> <li>1988: <a href="/wiki/International_Union_for_Conservation_of_Nature" title="International Union for Conservation of Nature">International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources</a> and <a href="/wiki/World_Wide_Fund_for_Nature" title="World Wide Fund for Nature">World Wide Fund for Nature</a></li> <li>1989: <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a></li> <li>1990: <a href="/wiki/Sephardic_Jews" title="Sephardic Jews">Sephardic</a> Communities</li> <li>1991: <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9decins_Sans_Fronti%C3%A8res" title="Médecins Sans Frontières">Médecins Sans Frontières</a> and <a href="/wiki/Medicus_Mundi_International" title="Medicus Mundi International">Medicus Mundi</a></li> <li>1992: <a href="/wiki/AmfAR" title="AmfAR">American Foundation for AIDS Research (amfAR)</a></li> <li>1993: <a href="/wiki/Gesto_por_la_Paz" title="Gesto por la Paz">Association for Peace in the Basque Country</a></li> <li>1994: <a href="/w/index.php?title=National_Movement_of_Street_Children&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="National Movement of Street Children (page does not exist)">National Movement of Street Children</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Messengers_of_Peace_(Spain)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Messengers of Peace (Spain) (page does not exist)">Messengers of Peace</a> and <a href="/wiki/Save_the_Children" title="Save the Children">Save the Children</a></li> <li>1995: H.M. <a href="/wiki/Hussein_of_Jordan" title="Hussein of Jordan">Hussein I</a>, king of Jordan</li> <li>1996: <a href="/wiki/Adolfo_Su%C3%A1rez" title="Adolfo Suárez">Adolfo Suárez</a></li> <li>1997: <a href="/wiki/Mstislav_Rostropovich" title="Mstislav Rostropovich">Mstislav Rostropovich</a> and <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yehudi Menuhin</a></li> <li>1998: Nicolás Castellanos, <a href="/wiki/Vicen%C3%A7_Ferrer_Moncho" title="Vicenç Ferrer Moncho">Vicente Ferrer</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joaqu%C3%ADn_Sanz_Gadea&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joaquín Sanz Gadea (page does not exist)">Joaquín Sanz Gadea</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Yunus" title="Muhammad Yunus">Muhammad Yunus</a></li> <li>1999: <a href="/wiki/Caritas_Spain" title="Caritas Spain">Caritas Spain</a></li> <li>2000: <a href="/wiki/Royal_Spanish_Academy" title="Royal Spanish Academy">Royal Spanish Academy</a> and <a href="/wiki/Association_of_Academies_of_the_Spanish_Language" title="Association of Academies of the Spanish Language">Association of Academies of the Spanish Language</a></li> <li>2001: <a href="/wiki/World_Network_of_Biosphere_Reserves" title="World Network of Biosphere Reserves">World Network of Biosphere Reserves</a></li> <li>2002: <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Barenboim" title="Daniel Barenboim">Daniel Barenboim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Said" title="Edward Said">Edward Said</a></li> <li>2003: <a href="/wiki/J._K._Rowling" title="J. K. Rowling">J. K. Rowling</a></li> <li>2004: The <a href="/wiki/Camino_de_Santiago" title="Camino de Santiago">Way of St. James</a></li> <li>2005: <a href="/wiki/Daughters_of_Charity_of_Saint_Vincent_de_Paul" title="Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul">Daughters of Charity of Saint Vincent de Paul</a></li> <li>2006: <a href="/wiki/UNICEF" title="UNICEF">UNICEF</a></li> <li>2007: <a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a></li> <li>2008: <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Dngrid_Betancourt" title="Íngrid Betancourt">Íngrid Betancourt</a></li> <li>2009: The City of <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li>2010: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Manos_Unidas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manos Unidas (page does not exist)">Manos Unidas</a></li> <li>2011: <a href="/wiki/Fukushima_50" title="Fukushima 50">Fukushima 50</a></li> <li>2012: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spanish_Federation_of_Food_Banks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spanish Federation of Food Banks (page does not exist)">Spanish Federation of Food Banks</a></li> <li>2013: <a href="/wiki/ONCE" title="ONCE">Spanish Organization for the Blind (ONCE)</a></li> <li>2014: <a href="/wiki/Caddy_Adzuba" title="Caddy Adzuba">Caddy Adzuba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#addeff;"><div id="Princess_of_Asturias_Award_for_Concord" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Princess of Asturias Award for Concord</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>2015: <a href="/wiki/Brothers_Hospitallers_of_Saint_John_of_God" title="Brothers Hospitallers of Saint John of God">Hospitaller Order of St John of God</a></li> <li>2016: <a href="/wiki/SOS_Children%27s_Villages" title="SOS Children's Villages">SOS Children's Villages</a></li> <li>2017: <a href="/wiki/European_Union" title="European Union">European Union</a></li> <li>2018: <a href="/wiki/Sylvia_Earle" title="Sylvia Earle">Sylvia A. Earle</a></li> <li>2019: The City of <a href="/wiki/Gda%C5%84sk" title="Gdańsk">Gdańsk</a></li> <li>2020: Spanish health workers on the front line against <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_Spain" title="COVID-19 pandemic in Spain">COVID-19</a></li> <li>2021: <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Andr%C3%A9s" title="José Andrés">José Andrés</a> and the <a href="/wiki/World_Central_Kitchen" title="World Central Kitchen">World Central Kitchen</a></li> <li>2022: <a href="/wiki/Shigeru_Ban" title="Shigeru Ban">Shigeru Ban</a></li> <li>2023: <a href="/wiki/Mary%27s_Meals" title="Mary's Meals">Mary's Meals</a></li> <li>2024: <a href="/wiki/Magnum_Photos" title="Magnum Photos">Magnum Photos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Sangeet_Natak_Akademi_Fellowship" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Sangeet_Natak_Akademi_Fellowship" title="Template:Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sangeet_Natak_Akademi_Fellowship" title="Template talk:Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sangeet_Natak_Akademi_Fellowship" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sangeet_Natak_Akademi_Fellowship" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sangeet_Natak_Akademi_Fellowship" title="Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship">Sangeet Natak Akademi Fellowship</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1954–1960</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allauddin_Khan" title="Allauddin Khan">Allauddin Khan</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hafiz_Ali_Khan" title="Hafiz Ali Khan">Hafiz Ali Khan</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariyakudi_Ramanuja_Iyengar" title="Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar">Ariyakudi Ramanuja Iyengar</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karaikudi_Sambasiva_Iyer" title="Karaikudi Sambasiva Iyer">Karaikudi Sambasiva Iyer</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prithviraj_Kapoor" title="Prithviraj Kapoor">Prithviraj Kapoor</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anjanibai_Malpekar" title="Anjanibai Malpekar">Anjanibai Malpekar</a> (1958)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1961–1980</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gopeshwar_Banerjee" title="Gopeshwar Banerjee">Gopeshwar Banerjee</a> (1962)</li> <li>D. Annaswami Bhagavathar (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uday_Shankar" title="Uday Shankar">Uday Shankar</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papanasam_Sivan" title="Papanasam Sivan">Papanasam Sivan</a> (1962)</li> <li>Swami Prajnanananda (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shrikrishna_Narayan_Ratanjankar" title="Shrikrishna Narayan Ratanjankar">Shrikrishna Narayan Ratanjankar</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pichu_Sambamoorthi" title="Pichu Sambamoorthi">Pichu Sambamoorthi</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhargavaram_Viththal_Varerkar" title="Bhargavaram Viththal Varerkar">Mama Warerkar</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._L._Venkatarama_Iyer" title="T. L. Venkatarama Iyer">T. L. Venkatarama Aiyar</a> (1964)</li> <li>C. Saraswathi Bai (1964)</li> <li>Birendra Kishore Roy Choudhury (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._R._Deodhar" title="B. R. Deodhar">B. R. Deodhar</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._Raghavan" title="V. Raghavan">V. Raghavan</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/P._V._Rajamannar" title="P. V. Rajamannar">P. V. Rajamannar</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinayakrao_Patwardhan" title="Vinayakrao Patwardhan">Vinayakrao Patwardhan</a> (1965)</li> <li>Ganesh Hari Ranade (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dilipkumar_Roy" title="Dilipkumar Roy">Dilipkumar Roy</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jaideva_Singh" title="Jaideva Singh">Jaideva Singh</a> (1965)</li> <li>D. G. Vyas (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashutosh_Bhattacharya" title="Ashutosh Bhattacharya">Ashutosh Bhattacharya</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/E._Krishna_Iyer" title="E. Krishna Iyer">E. Krishna Iyer</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sombhu_Mitra" title="Sombhu Mitra">Sombhu Mitra</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayachamarajendra_Wadiyar" title="Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar">Jayachamarajendra Wadiyar</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebrahim_Alkazi" title="Ebrahim Alkazi">Ebrahim Alkazi</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rukmini_Devi_Arundale" title="Rukmini Devi Arundale">Rukmini Devi Arundale</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musiri_Subramania_Iyer" title="Musiri Subramania Iyer">Musiri Subramania Iyer</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bade_Ghulam_Ali_Khan" title="Bade Ghulam Ali Khan">Bade Ghulam Ali Khan</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guru_Kunchu_Kurup" title="Guru Kunchu Kurup">P. K. Kunju Kurup</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shambhu_Maharaj" title="Shambhu Maharaj">Shambhu Maharaj</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._Satyanarayana_Sarma" title="V. Satyanarayana Sarma">V. Satyanarayana Sarma</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adya_Rangacharya" title="Adya Rangacharya">Adya Rangacharya</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalicharan_Pattnaik" title="Kalicharan Pattnaik">Kali Charan Patnaik</a> (1968)</li> <li>K. C. D. Brahaspati (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kapila_Vatsyayan" title="Kapila Vatsyayan">Kapila Vatsyayan</a> (1970)</li> <li>Dilip Chandra Vedi (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarapada_Chakraborty" title="Tarapada Chakraborty">Tarapada Chakraborty</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnarao_Phulambrikar" title="Krishnarao Phulambrikar">Krishnarao Phulambrikar</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rallapalli_Ananta_Krishna_Sharma" title="Rallapalli Ananta Krishna Sharma">Rallapalli Ananta Krishna Sharma</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivaram_Karanth" title="Shivaram Karanth">Shivaram Karanth</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamaladevi_Chattopadhyay" title="Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay">Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jnan_Prakash_Ghosh" title="Jnan Prakash Ghosh">Jnan Prakash Ghosh</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Subbulakshmi" title="M. S. Subbulakshmi">M. S. Subbulakshmi</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balasaraswati" title="Balasaraswati">T. Balasaraswati</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zubin_Mehta" title="Zubin Mehta">Zubin Mehta</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rasiklal_Parikh" title="Rasiklal Parikh">Rasiklal Parikh</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_Shankar" title="Ravi Shankar">Ravi Shankar</a> (1975)</li> <li>Embar S. Vijayaraghavachariar (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santidev_Ghosh" title="Santidev Ghosh">Santidev Ghosh</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semmangudi_Srinivasa_Iyer" title="Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer">Semmangudi Srinivasa Iyer</a> (1976)</li> <li>Hirjibhai Rustomji Doctor (1977)</li> <li>Tinuvengadu Subramania Pillai (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._Puttaswamayya" title="B. Puttaswamayya">B. Puttaswamayya</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purushottam_Laxman_Deshpande" title="Purushottam Laxman Deshpande">Purushottam Laxman Deshpande</a> (1979)</li> <li>D. T. Joshi (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sumati_Mutatkar" title="Sumati Mutatkar">Sumati Mutatkar</a> (1979)</li> <li>T. P. Kuppiah Pillai (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/V._K._Narayana_Menon" title="V. K. Narayana Menon">V. K. Narayana Menon</a> (1980)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1981–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mani_Madhava_Chakyar" title="Mani Madhava Chakyar">Mani Madhava Chakyar</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mallikarjun_Mansur" title="Mallikarjun Mansur">Mallikarjun Mansur</a> (1982)</li> <li>M. Kirupanandawari (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandravadan_Mehta" title="Chandravadan Mehta">Chandravadan Mehta</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siyaram_Tiwari_(musician)" title="Siyaram Tiwari (musician)">Siyaram Tiwari</a> (1984)</li> <li>V. V. Swarna Venkatesa Deekshithar (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komal_Kothari" title="Komal Kothari">Komal Kothari</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Ramanathan_(musician)" title="S. Ramanathan (musician)">S. Ramanathan</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satyajit_Ray" title="Satyajit Ray">Satyajit Ray</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumar_Gandharva" title="Kumar Gandharva">Shivaputra Siddaramayya Komkali ‘Kumar Gandharva’</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lata_Mangeshkar" title="Lata Mangeshkar">Lata Mangeshkar</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utpal_Dutt" title="Utpal Dutt">Utpal Dutt</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Gopal_(dancer)" title="Ram Gopal (dancer)">Ram Gopal</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Dani%C3%A9lou" title="Alain Daniélou">Alain Daniélou</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kelucharan_Mohapatra" title="Kelucharan Mohapatra">Kelucharan Mohapatra</a> (1991)</li> <li>T. S. Parthasarathy (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Akbar_Khan" title="Ali Akbar Khan">Ali Akbar Khan</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D._K._Pattammal" title="D. K. Pattammal">D. K. Pattammal</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prem_Lata_Sharma" title="Prem Lata Sharma">Prem Lata Sharma</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girish_Karnad" title="Girish Karnad">Girish Karnad</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrinalini_Sarabhai" title="Mrinalini Sarabhai">Mrinalini Sarabhai</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bismillah_Khan" title="Bismillah Khan">Bismillah Khan</a> (1994)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yehudi Menuhin</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maheswar_Neog" title="Maheswar Neog">Maheswar Neog</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vilayat_Khan" title="Vilayat Khan">Vilayat Khan</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammannur_Madhava_Chakyar" title="Ammannur Madhava Chakyar">Ammannur Madhava Chakyar</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangubai_Hangal" title="Gangubai Hangal">Gangubai Hangal</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Habib_Tanvir" title="Habib Tanvir">Habib Tanvir</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badal_Sarkar" class="mw-redirect" title="Badal Sarkar">Badal Sarkar</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhimsen_Joshi" title="Bhimsen Joshi">Bhimsen Joshi</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birju_Maharaj" title="Birju Maharaj">Birju Maharaj</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/K._P._Kittappa_Pillai" title="K. P. Kittappa Pillai">K. P. Kittappa Pillai</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijay_Tendulkar" title="Vijay Tendulkar">Vijay Tendulkar</a> (1998)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2001–2021</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/M._Balamuralikrishna" title="M. Balamuralikrishna">M. Balamuralikrishna</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/B._V._Karanth" title="B. V. Karanth">B. V. Karanth</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vempati_Chinna_Satyam" title="Vempati Chinna Satyam">Vempati Chinna Satyam</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanno_Khurana" title="Shanno Khurana">Shanno Khurana</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavalam_Narayana_Panicker" title="Kavalam Narayana Panicker">Kavalam Narayana Panicker</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandralekha_(dancer)" title="Chandralekha (dancer)">Chandralekha</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapurna_Devi" title="Annapurna Devi">Annapurna Devi</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bindhyabasini_Devi" title="Bindhyabasini Devi">Bindhyabasini Devi</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramankutty_Nair" title="Ramankutty Nair">Ramankutty Nair</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zohra_Sehgal" title="Zohra Sehgal">Zohra Sehgal</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapas_Sen" title="Tapas Sen">Tapas Sen</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohini_Bhate" title="Rohini Bhate">Rohini Bhate</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._N._Krishnan" title="T. N. Krishnan">T. N. Krishnan</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishan_Maharaj" title="Kishan Maharaj">Kishan Maharaj</a> (2006)</li> <li>Gursharan Singh (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ningthoukhongjam_Khelchandra" title="Ningthoukhongjam Khelchandra">Ningthoukhongjam Khelchandra</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushil_Kumar_Saxena" title="Sushil Kumar Saxena">Sushil Kumar Saxena</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khaled_Choudhury" title="Khaled Choudhury">Khaled Choudhury</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sitara_Devi" title="Sitara Devi">Sitara Devi</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhupen_Hazarika" title="Bhupen Hazarika">Bhupen Hazarika</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._C._Mehta" title="R. C. Mehta">R. C. Mehta</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishori_Amonkar" title="Kishori Amonkar">Kishori Amonkar</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jasraj" title="Jasraj">Jasraj</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lalgudi_Jayaraman" title="Lalgudi Jayaraman">Lalgudi Jayaraman</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamini_Krishnamurthy" title="Yamini Krishnamurthy">Yamini Krishnamurthy</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shriram_Lagoo" title="Shriram Lagoo">Shriram Lagoo</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamlesh_Dutt_Tripathi" title="Kamlesh Dutt Tripathi">Kamlesh Dutt Tripathi</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girija_Devi" title="Girija Devi">Girija Devi</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._K._Murthy" title="T. K. Murthy">T. K. Murthy</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nataraja_Ramakrishna" title="Nataraja Ramakrishna">Nataraja Ramakrishna</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahim_Fahimuddin_Dagar" title="Rahim Fahimuddin Dagar">Rahim Fahimuddin Dagar</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._Chandrasekaran" title="M. Chandrasekaran">M. Chandrasekaran</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hariprasad_Chaurasia" title="Hariprasad Chaurasia">Hariprasad Chaurasia</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalamandalam_Gopi" title="Kalamandalam Gopi">Kalamandalam Gopi</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandrashekhara_Kambara" title="Chandrashekhara Kambara">Chandrashekhara Kambara</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heisnam_Kanhailal" title="Heisnam Kanhailal">Heisnam Kanhailal</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mukund_Lath" title="Mukund Lath">Mukund Lath</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivkumar_Sharma" title="Shivkumar Sharma">Shivkumar Sharma</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajkumar_Singhajit_Singh" title="Rajkumar Singhajit Singh">Rajkumar Singhajit Singh</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umayalpuram_K._Sivaraman" title="Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman">Umayalpuram K. Sivaraman</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_Subrahmanyam" title="Padma Subrahmanyam">Padma Subrahmanyam</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amjad_Ali_Khan" title="Amjad Ali Khan">Amjad Ali Khan</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/N._Rajam" title="N. Rajam">N. Rajam</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ratan_Thiyam" title="Ratan Thiyam">Ratan Thiyam</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._H._Vinayakram" title="T. H. Vinayakram">T. H. Vinayakram</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahesh_Elkunchwar" title="Mahesh Elkunchwar">Mahesh Elkunchwar</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanak_Rele" title="Kanak Rele">Kanak Rele</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Sathyanarayana" title="R. Sathyanarayana">R. Sathyanarayana</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tulsidas_Borkar" title="Tulsidas Borkar">Tulsidas Borkar</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._R._Janakiraman" title="S. R. Janakiraman">S. R. Janakiraman</a> (2014)</li> <li>Vijay Kumar Kichlu (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/M._S._Sathyu" title="M. S. Sathyu">M. S. Sathyu</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/C._V._Chandrasekhar" title="C. V. Chandrasekhar">C. V. Chandrasekhar</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvind_Parikh" title="Arvind Parikh">Arvind Parikh</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedavalli" title="Vedavalli">R. Vedavalli</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Gopal_Bajaj" title="Ram Gopal Bajaj">Ram Gopal Bajaj</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunil_Kothari" title="Sunil Kothari">Sunil Kothari</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakir_Hussain_(musician)" title="Zakir Hussain (musician)">Zakir Hussain</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jatin_Goswami" title="Jatin Goswami">Jatin Goswami</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sonal_Mansingh" title="Sonal Mansingh">Sonal Mansingh</a> (2018)</li> <li>T. K. Kalyanasundaram (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saroja_Vaidyanathan" title="Saroja Vaidyanathan">Saroja Vaidyanathan</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadanam_Krishnankutty" title="Sadanam Krishnankutty">Sadanam Krishnankutty</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darshana_Jhaveri" title="Darshana Jhaveri">Darshana Jhaveri</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhannulal_Mishra" title="Chhannulal Mishra">Chhannulal Mishra</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._K._C._Natarajan" title="A. K. C. Natarajan">A. K. C. Natarajan</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swapan_Chaudhuri" title="Swapan Chaudhuri">Swapan Chaudhuri</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malini_Rajurkar" title="Malini Rajurkar">Malini Rajurkar</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/T._V._Gopalakrishnan" title="T. V. Gopalakrishnan">T. V. Gopalakrishnan</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teejan_Bai" title="Teejan Bai">Teejan Bai</a> (2019–2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharat_Gupt" title="Bharat Gupt">Bharat Gupt</a> (2019–2021)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2022–2023</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Vinayak Khedekar (2022–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Visweswaran" title="R. Visweswaran">R. Visweswaran</a> (2022–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunayana_Hazarilal" title="Sunayana Hazarilal">Sunayana Hazarilal</a> (2022–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_and_Radha_Reddy" title="Raja and Radha Reddy">Raja and Radha Reddy</a> (2022–2023)</li> <li>Dulal Roy (2022–2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daya_Prakash_Sinha" title="Daya Prakash Sinha">Daya Prakash Sinha</a> (2022–2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156814#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156814#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156814#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121208271">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/12312362">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/12608/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJmP6c6vV7xrHpDbYQ3bBP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118580906">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50036995">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11915594t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11915594t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00449773">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Menuhin, Yehudi"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/RAVV039687">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35347047">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990005610&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX963009">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/46463">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069234205">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90127451">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000113025&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000097607&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=257984">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC2018N1855">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/wt79b5jf3bpb7s8">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810622325105606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007265210105171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000208088">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/14045090">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00374601?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/2a8949f5-d681-4df2-a2fd-a08966ae2d31">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/102026">Discography of American Historical Recordings</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/artists/yehudi-menuhin/14924">Grammy Awards</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bmlo.de/m2036">BMLO</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/920454">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.parliament.uk/CJhyUOEb">UK Parliament</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118580906.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118580906">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027023214">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Yehudi Menuhin"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/020705">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w60c4t1h">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://collections.tepapa.govt.nz/agent/53762">Te Papa (New Zealand)</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/41023929">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" 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