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Throwable - a role for classes that can be thrown - metacpan.org
<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en-US"> <head> <title>Throwable - a role for classes that can be thrown - metacpan.org</title> <link rel="preload" as="fetch" href="/account/login_status" crossorigin="anonymous" /> <link href="/assets/style-XFEQ536G.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"> <script src="/assets/main-WXBSEDQJ.js" type="module"></script> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="Recent CPAN Uploads of Throwable - MetaCPAN" href="/dist/Throwable/releases.rss" /> <link rel="canonical" href="https://metacpan.org/pod/Throwable" /> <meta name="description" content="a role for classes that can be thrown" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=5"> <link rel="shortcut icon" href="/static/icons/favicon.ico"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" sizes="152x152" href="/static/icons/apple-touch-icon.png"> <link rel="search" href="/static/opensearch.xml" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" title="MetaCPAN"> <script async 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href="/dist/Throwable">Throwable</a> </li> <li> Module version: 1.001 </li> <li> <a data-keyboard-shortcut="g s" href="/dist/Throwable/source/lib/Throwable.pm">Source</a> (<a href="/dist/Throwable/source/lib/Throwable.pm?raw=1">raw</a>) </li> <li> <a data-keyboard-shortcut="g b" href="/dist/Throwable/source/lib">Browse</a> (<a href="/dist/Throwable/source/lib?raw=1">raw</a>) </li> <li> <a data-keyboard-shortcut="g c" href="/dist/Throwable/changes">Changes</a> </li> <li> <a rel="noopener nofollow" class="nopopup" href="https://github.com/rjbs/Throwable">Homepage</a> </li> <li> <a class="nopopup" href="/dist/Throwable/contribute">How to Contribute</a> </li> <li> <a rel="noopener nofollow" data-keyboard-shortcut="g r" href="https://github.com/rjbs/Throwable">Repository</a> </li> <li> <a rel="noopener nofollow" data-keyboard-shortcut="g i" href="https://github.com/rjbs/Throwable/issues">Issues</a> (1) </li> <li> <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="http://matrix.cpantesters.org/?dist=Throwable+1.001" title="Matrix">Testers</a> <span title="(pass / fail / na)">(<a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.cpantesters.org/distro/T/Throwable.html?oncpan=1&distmat=1&version=1.001&grade=2" style="color: #090">3534</a> / <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.cpantesters.org/distro/T/Throwable.html?oncpan=1&distmat=1&version=1.001&grade=3" style="color: #900">0</a> / <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="https://www.cpantesters.org/distro/T/Throwable.html?oncpan=1&distmat=1&version=1.001&grade=4">0</a>)</span> </li> <li> <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="http://cpants.cpanauthors.org/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001">Kwalitee</a> </li> <li> <div class="ttip" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="The # people with an indexing permission on Throwable who have released something to CPAN in the last 2 years (i.e. the # people likely able to release critical fixes in a timely manner)"> Bus factor: 1 </div> </li> <li> <a rel="noopener nofollow" href="http://cpancover.com/latest/Throwable-1.001/index.html">94.29% Coverage </a> </li> <li> License: perl_5 </li> <li class="nav-header">Activity</li> <li> <div class="activity-graph"> <img src="/dist/Throwable/activity.svg?res=month" /> <div class="comment">24 month</div> </div> </li> <li class="nav-header">Tools</li> <li> <a itemprop="downloadUrl" href="https://cpan.metacpan.org/authors/id/R/RJ/RJBS/Throwable-1.001.tar.gz"> Download (<span itemprop="fileSize">21.48KB</span>)</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://explorer.metacpan.org/?url=%2Fmodule%2FRJBS%2FThrowable-1.001%2Flib%2FThrowable.pm"> MetaCPAN Explorer </a> </li> <li> <a href="/dist/Throwable/permissions"> Permissions </a> </li> <li> <a href="/dist/Throwable/releases.rss"> Subscribe to distribution </a> </li> <li> <button class="btn btn-link" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#metacpan_install-instructions-dialog"> Install Instructions </button> </li> <li> <form action="/search"> <input type="hidden" 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<option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200014/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200014 (RJBS on 2021-06-18)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200013/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200013 (RJBS on 2015-07-01)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200012/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200012 (RJBS on 2014-09-20)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200011/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200011 (RJBS on 2014-04-03)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200010/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200010 (RJBS on 2014-03-09)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200009/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200009 (RJBS on 2013-10-22)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200008/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200008 (RJBS on 2013-04-30)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200007/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200007 (RJBS on 2013-04-09)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200006/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200006 (RJBS on 2013-04-09)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200005/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200005 (RJBS on 2013-04-05)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200004/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200004 (RJBS on 2013-02-21)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200003/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200003 (RJBS on 2012-10-18)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200002-TRIAL/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200002-TRIAL DEV (RJBS on 2012-10-09)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200001-TRIAL/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200001-TRIAL DEV (RJBS on 2012-09-22)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.200000-TRIAL/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200000-TRIAL DEV (RJBS on 2012-09-20)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.102080/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.102080 (RJBS on 2010-07-27)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-0.101110/view/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.101110 (RJBS on 2010-04-22)</option> <option 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label="BackPAN">' <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.201/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.201 (RJBS on 2021-06-19)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200014/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200014 (RJBS on 2021-06-18)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200013/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200013 (RJBS on 2015-07-01)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200012/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200012 (RJBS on 2014-09-20)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200011/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200011 (RJBS on 2014-04-03)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200010/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200010 (RJBS on 2014-03-09)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200009/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200009 (RJBS on 2013-10-22)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200008/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200008 (RJBS on 2013-04-30)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200007/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200007 (RJBS on 2013-04-09)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200006/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200006 (RJBS on 2013-04-09)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200005/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200005 (RJBS on 2013-04-05)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200004/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200004 (RJBS on 2013-02-21)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200003/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200003 (RJBS on 2012-10-18)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200002-TRIAL/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200002-TRIAL DEV (RJBS on 2012-10-09)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200001-TRIAL/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200001-TRIAL DEV (RJBS on 2012-09-22)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.200000-TRIAL/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.200000-TRIAL DEV (RJBS on 2012-09-20)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.102080/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.102080 (RJBS on 2010-07-27)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.101110/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.101110 (RJBS on 2010-04-22)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.100090/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.100090 (RJBS on 2010-01-10)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.092610/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.092610 (RJBS on 2009-09-18)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.092000/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.092000 (RJBS on 2009-07-19)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.091900/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.091900 (RJBS on 2009-07-09)</option> <option value="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/diff/RJBS/Throwable-0.091780/lib/Throwable.pm" >0.091780 (RJBS on 2009-06-27)</option> </optgroup> </select> </li> <li> <ul class="dependencies"> <li class="nav-header">Dependencies</li> <li><a href="/pod/Carp" title="Carp" class="ellipsis">Carp</a></li> <li><a href="/pod/Devel::StackTrace" title="Devel::StackTrace" class="ellipsis">Devel::StackTrace</a></li> <li><a href="/pod/Module::Runtime" title="Module::Runtime" class="ellipsis">Module::Runtime</a></li> <li><a href="/pod/Moo" title="Moo" class="ellipsis">Moo</a></li> <li><a href="/pod/Moo::Role" title="Moo::Role" class="ellipsis">Moo::Role</a></li> <li><a href="/pod/Scalar::Util" title="Scalar::Util" class="ellipsis">Scalar::Util</a></li> <li><a href="/pod/Sub::Quote" title="Sub::Quote" class="ellipsis">Sub::Quote</a></li> <li><a href="/pod/overload" title="overload" class="ellipsis">overload</a></li> <li> <hr> </li> <li> <a href="/module/Throwable/requires">Reverse dependencies</a> </li> <li> <a href="http://deps.cpantesters.org/?module=Throwable">CPAN Testers List</a> </li> <li> <a href="https://cpandeps.grinnz.com/?dist=Throwable">Dependency graph</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li class="nav-header">Permalinks</li> <li> <a href="/release/RJBS/Throwable-1.001/view/lib/Throwable.pm">This version</a> </li> <li> <a href="/pod/Throwable">Latest version</a> </li> <li> <div class="plussers"> <div class="nav-header">++ed by:</div> <div> <a class="display-all" href="/author/PERLOVER"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/b53aa7bcfa37c472dd788bb80f68c3fc?d=identicon&s=20" title="PERLOVER" alt="PERLOVER"></a> <a class="display-all" href="/author/LEEJO"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/52d869b25e754a41a7bb8ac6db2f0be6?d=identicon&s=20" title="LEEJO" alt="LEEJO"></a> <a class="display-all" href="/author/ADAMJS"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/62c7b6e864d6509cff5839543c676614?d=identicon&s=20" title="ADAMJS" alt="ADAMJS"></a> <a class="display-all" href="/author/MILA"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/3a59124cfcc7ce26274174c962094a20?d=identicon&s=20" title="MILA" alt="MILA"></a> <a class="display-all" href="/author/MARKSTOS"><img src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/795623cd5c352aafe2d8f3d3bdd712ce?d=identicon&s=20" title="MARKSTOS" alt="MARKSTOS"></a> </div> <!-- Display counts of plussers--> <div> <a href="/dist/Throwable/plussers">26 PAUSE users</a> </div> <div> 11 non-PAUSE users </div> </div> </li> <li> <div> <button class="contributors-show-button btn-link">and 14 contributors</button> <div id="metacpan_contributors" class="slide-out slide-out-hidden"> <div> <ul> <li class="contributor" data-contrib-email="frioux@gmail.com" > <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?d=identicon&s=20" /> Arthur Axel 'fREW' Schmidt </li> <li class="contributor" data-cpan-author="XAOC" data-contrib-email="brian@xaoc.org xaoc@cpan.org" > <a href="/author/XAOC" class="cpan-author"> <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/990db8b0e06746b7d54c36f0603140e1?d=identicon&s=20" /> Brian Manning </a> </li> <li class="contributor" data-contrib-email="walde.christian@googlemail.com" > <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?d=identicon&s=20" /> Christian Walde </li> <li class="contributor" data-cpan-author="ILMARI" data-contrib-email="ilmari@ilmari.org" > <a href="/author/ILMARI" class="cpan-author"> <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/a3059acdb28ce93c8b66a5f398b2cb39?d=identicon&s=20" /> Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker </a> </li> <li class="contributor" data-cpan-author="DROLSKY" data-contrib-email="autarch@urth.org" > <a href="/author/DROLSKY" class="cpan-author"> <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/1401e7f176d9e13ad2a9380ecd1f18f6?d=identicon&s=20" /> Dave Rolsky </a> </li> <li class="contributor" data-contrib-email="david@justatheory.com" > <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?d=identicon&s=20" /> David E. Wheeler </li> <li class="contributor" data-contrib-email="rafl@debian.org" > <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?d=identicon&s=20" /> Florian Ragwitz </li> <li class="contributor" data-cpan-author="HAARG" data-contrib-email="haarg@haarg.org" > <a href="/author/HAARG" class="cpan-author"> <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/5037faf9ba40cf736778820fe83fc2ae?d=identicon&s=20" /> Graham Knop </a> </li> <li class="contributor" data-contrib-email="jeff@imaginative-software.com" > <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?d=identicon&s=20" /> Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer </li> <li class="contributor" data-cpan-author="ARCANEZ" data-contrib-email="justin.d.hunter@gmail.com" > <a href="/author/ARCANEZ" class="cpan-author"> <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/9fa6faba89a1a98b52e867a4b8595de2?d=identicon&s=20" /> Justin Hunter </a> </li> <li class="contributor" data-contrib-email="mst@shadowcat.co.uk" > <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?d=identicon&s=20" /> Matt S Trout </li> <li class="contributor" data-contrib-email="olaf@wundersolutions.com" > <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?d=identicon&s=20" /> Olaf Alders </li> <li class="contributor" data-contrib-email="rjbs@semiotic.systems" > <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?d=identicon&s=20" /> Ricardo Signes </li> <li class="contributor" data-contrib-email="mail@tobyinkster.co.uk" > <img class="gravatar" width="20" height="20" src="https://www.gravatar.com/avatar/d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e?d=identicon&s=20" /> Toby 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action="/account/favorite/add" style="display: inline" method="POST"> <input type="hidden" name="remove" value="0"> <input type="hidden" name="release" value="Throwable-1.001"> <input type="hidden" name="author" value="RJBS"> <input type="hidden" name="distribution" value="Throwable"> <button type="submit" class="favorite highlight"><span>37</span> ++</button> </form> </div> <div class="show-logged-out"> <button class="fav-not-logged-in favorite highlight"><span>37</span> ++</button> </div> / <span>Throwable</span> </div> </div> <main class="content"> <nav class="toc"> <div class="toc-header"><strong>Contents</strong></div> <ul> <li><a href="#NAME">NAME</a></li> <li><a href="#VERSION">VERSION</a></li> <li><a href="#SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</a></li> <li><a href="#DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</a></li> <li><a href="#PERL-VERSION">PERL VERSION</a></li> <li><a href="#ATTRIBUTES">ATTRIBUTES</a> <ul> <li><a href="#previous_exception">previous_exception</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#METHODS">METHODS</a> <ul> <li><a href="#throw">throw</a></li> <li><a href="#new_with_previous">new_with_previous</a></li> </ul> </li> <li><a href="#AUTHORS">AUTHORS</a></li> <li><a href="#CONTRIBUTORS">CONTRIBUTORS</a></li> <li><a href="#COPYRIGHT-AND-LICENSE">COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE</a></li> </ul></nav> <div class="pod anchors"> <h1 id="NAME">NAME</h1> <p>Throwable - a role for classes that can be thrown</p> <h1 id="VERSION">VERSION</h1> <p>version 1.001</p> <h1 id="SYNOPSIS">SYNOPSIS</h1> <pre><code>package Redirect; # NOTE: Moo can also be used here instead of Moose use Moose; with 'Throwable'; has url => (is => 'ro');</code></pre> <p>...then later...</p> <pre><code>Redirect->throw({ url => $url });</code></pre> <h1 id="DESCRIPTION">DESCRIPTION</h1> <p>Throwable is a role for classes that are meant to be thrown as exceptions to standard program flow. It is very simple and does only two things: saves any previous value for <code>$@</code> and calls <code>die $self</code>.</p> <p>Throwable is implemented with <a href="/pod/Moo">Moo</a>, so you can stick to Moo or use <a href="/pod/Moose">Moose</a>, as you prefer.</p> <h1 id="PERL-VERSION"><a id="PERL"></a>PERL VERSION</h1> <p>This library should run on perls released even a long time ago. It should work on any version of perl released in the last five years.</p> <p>Although it may work on older versions of perl, no guarantee is made that the minimum required version will not be increased. The version may be increased for any reason, and there is no promise that patches will be accepted to lower the minimum required perl.</p> <h1 id="ATTRIBUTES">ATTRIBUTES</h1> <h2 id="previous_exception">previous_exception</h2> <p>This attribute is created automatically, and stores the value of <code>$@</code> when the Throwable object is created. This is done on a <i>best effort basis</i>. <code>$@</code> is subject to lots of spooky action-at-a-distance. For now, there are clearly ways that the previous exception could be lost.</p> <h1 id="METHODS">METHODS</h1> <h2 id="throw">throw</h2> <pre><code>Something::Throwable->throw({ attr => $value });</code></pre> <p>This method will call new, passing all arguments along to new, and will then use the created object as the only argument to <code>die</code>.</p> <p>If called on an object that does Throwable, the object will be rethrown.</p> <h2 id="new_with_previous">new_with_previous</h2> <pre><code>die Something::Throwable->new_with_previous({ attr => $value });</code></pre> <p>Constructs an exception object and return it, while trying to make sure that any values in $@ are safely stored in <code>previous_exception</code> without being stomped by evals in the construction process.</p> <p>This is more reliable than calling <code>new</code> directly, but doesn't include the forced <code>die</code> in <code>throw</code>.</p> <h1 id="AUTHORS">AUTHORS</h1> <ul> <li><p>Ricardo SIGNES <cpan@semiotic.systems></p> </li> <li><p>Florian Ragwitz <rafl@debian.org></p> </li> </ul> <h1 id="CONTRIBUTORS">CONTRIBUTORS</h1> <ul> <li><p>Arthur Axel 'fREW' Schmidt <frioux@gmail.com></p> </li> <li><p>Brian Manning <brian@xaoc.org></p> </li> <li><p>Brian Manning <xaoc@cpan.org></p> </li> <li><p>Christian Walde <walde.christian@googlemail.com></p> </li> <li><p>Dagfinn Ilmari Mannsåker <ilmari@ilmari.org></p> </li> <li><p>Dave Rolsky <autarch@urth.org></p> </li> <li><p>David E. Wheeler <david@justatheory.com></p> </li> <li><p>Graham Knop <haarg@haarg.org></p> </li> <li><p>Jeffrey Ryan Thalhammer <jeff@imaginative-software.com></p> </li> <li><p>Justin Hunter <justin.d.hunter@gmail.com></p> </li> <li><p>Matt S Trout <mst@shadowcat.co.uk></p> </li> <li><p>Olaf Alders <olaf@wundersolutions.com></p> </li> <li><p>Ricardo Signes <rjbs@semiotic.systems></p> </li> <li><p>Toby Inkster <mail@tobyinkster.co.uk></p> </li> </ul> <h1 id="COPYRIGHT-AND-LICENSE"><a id="COPYRIGHT"></a>COPYRIGHT AND LICENSE</h1> <p>This software is copyright (c) 2022 by Ricardo SIGNES.</p> <p>This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as the Perl 5 programming language system itself.</p></div> <div id="metacpan_install-instructions-dialog" class="modal fade"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <h4 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