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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Définition_d'une_personnalité_politique"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Définition d'une personnalité politique</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Définition_d'une_personnalité_politique-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Exemples_de_fonctions_occupées_par_des_personnalités_politiques" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exemples_de_fonctions_occupées_par_des_personnalités_politiques"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Exemples de fonctions occupées par des personnalités politiques</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exemples_de_fonctions_occupées_par_des_personnalités_politiques-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes_et_références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes_et_références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notes et références</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Notes et références</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notes_et_références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Références" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Références"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Références</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Références-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voir_aussi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voir_aussi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Voir aussi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Afficher / masquer la sous-section Voir aussi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Voir_aussi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Articles_connexes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Articles_connexes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Articles connexes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Articles_connexes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Liens_externes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Liens_externes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Liens externes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Liens_externes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sommaire" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table des matières" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Basculer la table des matières" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Basculer la table des matières</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Personnalité politique</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Aller à un article dans une autre langue. Disponible en 112 langues." > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-112" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">112 langues</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker – alémanique" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Politiker" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alémanique" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico" title="Politico – aragonais" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Politico" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8A" title="سياسي – arabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="سياسي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%89" title="سياسى – arabe égyptien" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="سياسى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="arabe égyptien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%87%D0%B8" title="Сиясатчи – avar" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Сиясатчи" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="राजनेता – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="राजनेता" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anakithiri" title="Anakithiri – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Anakithiri" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyas%C9%99t%C3%A7i" title="Siyasətçi – azerbaïdjanais" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Siyasətçi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaïdjanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%DA%86%DB%8C" title="سیاستچی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="سیاستچی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D3%99%D0%B9%D3%99%D1%81%D0%BC%D3%99%D0%BD" title="Сәйәсмән – bachkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Сәйәсмән" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bachkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiko" title="Politiko – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Politiko" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Палітык – biélorusse" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Палітык" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="biélorusse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA" title="Палітык – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Палітык" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tukang_pulitik" title="Tukang pulitik – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Tukang pulitik" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Политик – bulgare" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Политик" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgare" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker – breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Politiker" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politi%C4%8Dar" title="Političar – bosniaque" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Političar" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtic" title="Polític – catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Polític" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugayna" title="Lugayna – cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Lugayna" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%95%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیاسەتوان – sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="سیاسەتوان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politik" title="Politik – tchèque" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Politik" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tchèque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Политик – tchouvache" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Политик" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tchouvache" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwleidydd" title="Gwleidydd – gallois" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwleidydd" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="gallois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker – danois" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Politiker" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker – allemand" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Politiker" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="allemand" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyasetkar" title="Siyasetkar – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Siyasetkar" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Πολιτικός – grec" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πολιτικός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grec" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politician" title="Politician – anglais" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Politician" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="anglais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politikisto" title="Politikisto – espéranto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Politikisto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="espéranto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtico" title="Político – espagnol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Político" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espagnol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poliitik" title="Poliitik – estonien" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Poliitik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politikari" title="Politikari – basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Politikari" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="سیاستمدار – persan" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سیاستمدار" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poliitikko" title="Poliitikko – finnois" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Poliitikko" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finnois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poliitik" title="Poliitik – võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Poliitik" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politikus" title="Politikus – frison occidental" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Politikus" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frison occidental" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neach-poileataigs" title="Neach-poileataigs – gaélique écossais" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Neach-poileataigs" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="gaélique écossais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtico,_pol%C3%ADtica" title="Político, política – galicien" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Político, política" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politickeyr" title="Politickeyr – mannois" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Politickeyr" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="mannois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Aan_siyasa" title="Ɗan siyasa – haoussa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ɗan siyasa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haoussa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%99" title="פוליטיקאי – hébreu" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פוליטיקאי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hébreu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="राजनेता – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="राजनेता" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politi%C4%8Dar" title="Političar – croate" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Političar" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politisyen" title="Politisyen – créole haïtien" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Politisyen" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="créole haïtien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%94%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%AE%D5%AB%D5%B9" title="Քաղաքական գործիչ – arménien" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Քաղաքական գործիչ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politikus" title="Politikus – indonésien" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Politikus" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stj%C3%B3rnm%C3%A1lama%C3%B0ur" title="Stjórnmálamaður – islandais" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Stjórnmálamaður" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politico" title="Politico – italien" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Politico" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%AE%B6" title="政治家 – japonais" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="政治家" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="პოლიტიკოსი – géorgien" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პოლიტიკოსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="géorgien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D1%8F%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Саясаткер – kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Саясаткер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%95%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%BF" title="ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ – kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಜಕಾರಣಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EC%B9%98%EC%9D%B8" title="정치인 – coréen" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="정치인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coréen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%90%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%8E%D8%AA%DA%BE_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سِیاسَتھ دان – cachemiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="سِیاسَتھ دان" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="cachemiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyasetmedar" title="Siyasetmedar – kurde" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Siyasetmedar" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurde" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicus" title="Politicus – latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Politicus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker – luxembourgeois" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Politiker" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxembourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicus" title="Politicus – limbourgeois" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Politicus" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="limbourgeois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mo%C3%AD-polit%C3%ADki" title="Moí-politíki – lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Moí-politíki" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politi%C4%B7is" title="Politiķis – letton" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Politiķis" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E" title="राजनीतिज्ञ – maïthili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="राजनीतिज्ञ" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="maïthili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Политик – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Политик" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politikus" title="Politikus – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Politikus" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D1%81_%D1%82%D3%A9%D1%80%D1%87" title="Улс төрч – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Улс төрч" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80" title="राजकारणी – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="राजकारणी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahli_politik" title="Ahli politik – malais" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ahli politik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiku" title="Politiku – maltais" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Politiku" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="maltais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1" title="سیاستمدار – mazandérani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="سیاستمدار" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazandérani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E" title="राजनीतिज्ञ – népalais" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="राजनीतिज्ञ" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="népalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politicus" title="Politicus – néerlandais" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Politicus" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="néerlandais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politikar" title="Politikar – norvégien nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Politikar" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvégien nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker – norvégien bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Politiker" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvégien bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personalitat_politica" title="Personalitat politica – occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Personalitat politica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8" title="ਰਾਜਨੀਤੀਵਾਨ – pendjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਾਜਨੀਤੀਵਾਨ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="pendjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polityk" title="Polityk – polonais" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Polityk" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polonais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیاست دان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سیاست دان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84" title="سياستوال – pachto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سياستوال" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pachto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pol%C3%ADtico" title="Político – portugais" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Político" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kawpaq_runa" title="Kawpaq runa – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Kawpaq runa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politician" title="Politician – roumain" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Politician" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="roumain" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Политик – russe" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Политик" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Политик – ruthène" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Политик" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="ruthène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سياستدان – sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سياستدان" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politi%C4%8Dar" title="Političar – serbo-croate" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Političar" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-croate" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%9A%E0%B7%81%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BD%E0%B6%9A%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%9D" title="දේශපාලකයෝ – cingalais" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="දේශපාලකයෝ" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="cingalais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politician" title="Politician – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Politician" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politik" title="Politik – slovaque" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Politik" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politik" title="Politik – slovène" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Politik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovène" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyaasi" title="Siyaasi – somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Siyaasi" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politikani" title="Politikani – albanais" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Politikani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanais" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%80" title="Политичар – serbe" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Политичар" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker – suédois" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Politiker" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suédois" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politiker" title="Politiker – silésien" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Politiker" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silésien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF" title="அரசியல்வாதி – tamoul" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="அரசியல்வாதி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamoul" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%A4" title="రాజకీయవేత్త – télougou" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="రాజకీయవేత్త" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="télougou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B8%D1%91%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BE%D1%80" title="Сиёсатмадор – tadjik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Сиёсатмадор" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87" title="นักการเมือง – thaï" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นักการเมือง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thaï" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyaset%C3%A7i" title="Siyasetçi – turc" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Siyasetçi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turc" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amany%C9%94ni" title="Amanyɔni – twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Amanyɔni" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Політик – ukrainien" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Політик" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%AA_%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="سیاست دان – ourdou" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سیاست دان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ourdou" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siyosatchi" title="Siyosatchi – ouzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Siyosatchi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ouzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Po%C5%82itego" title="Połitego – vénitien" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Połitego" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="vénitien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%ADnh_kh%C3%A1ch" title="Chính khách – vietnamien" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chính khách" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamien" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Politik%C3%AE" title="Politikî – wallon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Politikî" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="wallon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%BA%E7%89%A9" title="政治人物 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="政治人物" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="פאליטיקער – yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פאליטיקער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ol%C3%B3%E1%B9%A3%C3%A8l%C3%BA" title="Olóṣèlú – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="fr" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:Family_photo_of_2019_NATO_summit_in_London.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Family_photo_of_2019_NATO_summit_in_London.jpg/260px-Family_photo_of_2019_NATO_summit_in_London.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Family_photo_of_2019_NATO_summit_in_London.jpg/390px-Family_photo_of_2019_NATO_summit_in_London.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Family_photo_of_2019_NATO_summit_in_London.jpg/520px-Family_photo_of_2019_NATO_summit_in_London.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1333" /></a><figcaption>Délégués des pays membres de l'<a href="/wiki/Organisation_du_trait%C3%A9_de_l%27Atlantique_nord" title="Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord">OTAN</a> lors d'un <a href="/wiki/Sommet_de_l%27OTAN" title="Sommet de l'OTAN">sommet</a> tenue à <a href="/wiki/Londres" title="Londres">Londres</a> du 3 au <time class="nowrap" datetime="2019-12-04" data-sort-value="2019-12-04">4 décembre 2019</time> avec <a href="/wiki/Sophie_Wilm%C3%A8s" title="Sophie Wilmès">Sophie Wilmès</a>, <a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> et <a href="/wiki/Pedro_S%C3%A1nchez" title="Pedro Sánchez">Pedro Sánchez</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Une <b>personnalité politique</b> est une <a href="/wiki/Personne_physique" title="Personne physique">personne</a> impliquée dans la vie <a href="/wiki/Politique" title="Politique">politique</a>. Plusieurs <a href="/wiki/Synonyme" class="mw-redirect" title="Synonyme">synonymes</a> sont également employés, tels que <b>femme politique</b>, <b>homme politique</b> ou encore un ou une <b>politique</b>. </p><p>Les mots <b>politicien</b> et <b>politicienne</b> sont également couramment utilisés, en particulier au <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> et en <a href="/wiki/Suisse" title="Suisse">Suisse</a> (le plus souvent de manière neutre), mais peuvent présenter une <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9notation_et_connotation" title="Dénotation et connotation">connotation</a> péjorative dans d'autres pays de la <a href="/wiki/Francophonie" title="Francophonie">francophonie</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En effet, il s'emploie parfois pour parler de quelqu'un qui ne vit que de ses fonctions politiques et fait preuve d'une grande habileté dans les intrigues de la vie politique. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historique">Historique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifier la section : Historique" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&action=edit&section=1" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Historique"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Lorsqu'une personnalité politique exerce les plus hautes <a href="/wiki/Pouvoir_ex%C3%A9cutif" title="Pouvoir exécutif">fonctions exécutives</a>, elle est connue en tant qu'<a href="/wiki/Homme_d%27%C3%89tat" title="Homme d'État">homme ou femme d'État</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>2<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. En France, le premier président de la République élu au <a href="/wiki/Suffrage_universel_masculin" title="Suffrage universel masculin">suffrage universel masculin</a> est <a href="/wiki/Napol%C3%A9on_III" title="Napoléon III">Louis Napoléon Bonaparte</a> en 1848. Il tente à plusieurs reprises de devenir empereur<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>3<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> avant d'y parvenir en décembre 1852. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Vigd%C3%ADs_Finnbogad%C3%B3ttir" title="Vigdís Finnbogadóttir">Vigdis Finnbogadóttir</a> est la première femme au monde à être élue présidente le 29 juin 1980. <a href="/wiki/J%C3%B3hanna_Sigur%C3%B0ard%C3%B3ttir" title="Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir">Jóhanna Sigurðardóttir</a> devient la première cheffe d'État du monde ouvertement <a href="/wiki/Lesbianisme" title="Lesbianisme">lesbienne</a> en <a href="/wiki/Islande" title="Islande">Islande</a> en 2009<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>4<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p><p>Les premières femmes premières ministres ont été <a href="/wiki/Sirimavo_Bandaranaike" title="Sirimavo Bandaranaike">Sirimavo Bandaranaike</a> en 1960 au Sri Lanka, <a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi" title="Indira Gandhi">Indira Gandhi</a> en 1966 en Inde, <a href="/wiki/Golda_Meir" title="Golda Meir">Golda Meir</a> en Israel en 1969 et <a href="/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher" title="Margaret Thatcher">Margaret Thatcher</a> en 1979 au Royaume-Uni, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89dith_Cresson" title="Édith Cresson">Édith Cresson</a> en 1991 en France, <a href="/wiki/Angela_Merkel" title="Angela Merkel">Angela Merkel</a>, première chancelière fédérale en 2005<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>5<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. <a href="/wiki/Petra_De_Sutter" title="Petra De Sutter">Petra De Sutter</a> est devenue en 2020 la première femme trans ministre en Europe<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>6<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Définition_d'une_personnalité_politique"><span id="D.C3.A9finition_d.27une_personnalit.C3.A9_politique"></span>Définition d'une personnalité politique</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifier la section : Définition d'une personnalité politique" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&action=edit&section=2" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Définition d'une personnalité politique"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="bandeau-container bandeau-section metadata bandeau-niveau-grave"><div class="bandeau-cell bandeau-icone"><figure class="mw-halign-center noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fichier:OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr-destructive.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr-destructive.svg/25px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr-destructive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr-destructive.svg/38px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr-destructive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr-destructive.svg/50px-OOjs_UI_icon_helpNotice-ltr-destructive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div><div class="bandeau-cell"><b>Cette section peut contenir un <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Travaux_in%C3%A9dits" title="Wikipédia:Travaux inédits">travail inédit</a> ou des déclarations <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:V%C3%A9rifiabilit%C3%A9" title="Wikipédia:Vérifiabilité">non vérifiées</a></b><small> (décembre 2023)</small>. Vous pouvez aider en ajoutant des références ou en supprimant le contenu inédit.</div></div> <p>Dans les <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9mocratie_repr%C3%A9sentative" title="Démocratie représentative">démocraties représentatives</a> contemporaines, les personnalités politiques peuvent être élues au <a href="/wiki/Suffrage_universel" title="Suffrage universel">suffrage universel</a>, direct ou indirect<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>7<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>, mais pas nécessairement. En France, la <a href="/wiki/Constitution_fran%C3%A7aise_du_4_octobre_1958" title="Constitution française du 4 octobre 1958">constitution</a> indique que le les membres du gouvernement sont nommés par le chef de l'Etat<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>8<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup>. Plus largement, une personnalité politique n'occupe pas forcément une fonction élective. Il est ainsi courant de désigner par ce terme, les personnes qui briguent un mandat électif (qu'elles soient déjà élues ou non), ou encore tout individu qui prétend intervenir, selon des modalités variées, sur la conduite des affaires politiques d'un territoire donné. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exemples_de_fonctions_occupées_par_des_personnalités_politiques"><span id="Exemples_de_fonctions_occup.C3.A9es_par_des_personnalit.C3.A9s_politiques"></span>Exemples de fonctions occupées par des personnalités politiques</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifier la section : Exemples de fonctions occupées par des personnalités politiques" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&action=edit&section=3" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Exemples de fonctions occupées par des personnalités politiques"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><p> Dans certains pays, les fonctions suivantes peuvent être occupées par des personnalités politiques :</p><div style="column-width:18em;column-gap:1em;" class="colonnes"> <div style="-moz-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid;-moz-column-break-inside:avoid;-webkit-column-break-inside:avoid;page-break-inside:avoid;overflow:hidden;"> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Belgique" title="Belgique">Belgique</a> : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_Premiers_ministres_de_la_Belgique" class="mw-redirect" title="Liste des Premiers ministres de la Belgique">Premier ministre</a><sup id="cite_ref-nomme_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nomme-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouvernement_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ral_(Belgique)" title="Gouvernement fédéral (Belgique)">Ministre</a><sup id="cite_ref-nomme_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nomme-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambre_des_repr%C3%A9sentants_de_Belgique" class="mw-redirect" title="Chambre des représentants de Belgique">Député fédéral</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlement_de_Wallonie" class="mw-redirect" title="Parlement de Wallonie">Député régional</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlement_de_la_Communaut%C3%A9_fran%C3%A7aise_de_Belgique" title="Parlement de la Communauté française de Belgique">Député communautaire</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouverneur" title="Gouverneur">Gouverneur</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9put%C3%A9_provincial" class="mw-redirect" title="Député provincial">Député provincial</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlement_europ%C3%A9en" title="Parlement européen">Député européen</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bourgmestre_(Belgique)" title="Bourgmestre (Belgique)">Bourgmestre</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89chevin_(Belgique)" title="Échevin (Belgique)">Échevin</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conseil_communal_(Belgique)" title="Conseil communal (Belgique)">Conseiller communal</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div style="-moz-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid;-moz-column-break-inside:avoid;-webkit-column-break-inside:avoid;page-break-inside:avoid;overflow:hidden;"> <p>Au <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_ministre_du_Canada" title="Premier ministre du Canada">Premier ministre</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premiers_ministres_des_provinces_et_territoires_du_Canada" title="Premiers ministres des provinces et territoires du Canada">Premier ministre provincial</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministre" title="Ministre">Ministre fédéral</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministre" title="Ministre">Ministre provincial</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9nat_du_Canada" title="Sénat du Canada">Sénateur</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambre_des_communes_du_Canada" title="Chambre des communes du Canada">Député fédéral</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9es_l%C3%A9gislatives_des_provinces_et_territoires_du_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Assemblées législatives des provinces et territoires du Canada">Député provincial</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maire" title="Maire">Maire</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conseil_municipal_(Canada)" title="Conseil municipal (Canada)">Conseiller municipal</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div style="-moz-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid;-moz-column-break-inside:avoid;-webkit-column-break-inside:avoid;page-break-inside:avoid;overflow:hidden;"> <p>Au <a href="/wiki/Maroc" title="Maroc">Maroc</a> : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liste_des_monarques_du_Maroc" title="Liste des monarques du Maroc">Roi</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premiers_ministres_du_Maroc" class="mw-redirect" title="Premiers ministres du Maroc">Chef du gouvernement</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministre" title="Ministre">Ministre</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambre_des_repr%C3%A9sentants_(Maroc)" title="Chambre des représentants (Maroc)">Représentant</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambre_des_conseillers_(Maroc)" title="Chambre des conseillers (Maroc)">Conseiller</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wali_(arabe)" title="Wali (arabe)">Wali</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maire" title="Maire">Maire</a> ;</li> <li><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/pr%C3%A9fet" class="extiw" title="wikt:préfet">Préfet</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div style="-moz-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid;-moz-column-break-inside:avoid;-webkit-column-break-inside:avoid;page-break-inside:avoid;overflow:hidden;"> <p>En <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a> : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Président de la République française">Président de la République</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_ministre_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Premier ministre français">Premier ministre</a><sup id="cite_ref-nomme_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nomme-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministre" title="Ministre">Ministre</a><sup id="cite_ref-nomme_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nomme-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secr%C3%A9taire_d%27%C3%89tat_(France)" title="Secrétaire d'État (France)">Secrétaire d'État</a><sup id="cite_ref-nomme_9-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nomme-9"><span class="cite_crochet">[</span>n 1<span class="cite_crochet">]</span></a></sup> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9put%C3%A9_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Député français">Député</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9nateur_fran%C3%A7ais" title="Sénateur français">Sénateur</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlement_europ%C3%A9en" title="Parlement européen">Député européen</a> ;</li> <li>Président du <a href="/wiki/Conseil_r%C3%A9gional_(France)" title="Conseil régional (France)">conseil régional</a> ;</li> <li>Président du <a href="/wiki/Conseil_d%C3%A9partemental" title="Conseil départemental">conseil départemental</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conseil_r%C3%A9gional_(France)" title="Conseil régional (France)">Conseiller régional</a> et <a href="/wiki/Conseil_d%C3%A9partemental" title="Conseil départemental">conseiller départemental</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maire_(France)" title="Maire (France)">Maire</a> ;</li> <li>Adjoint au maire et membre du <a href="/wiki/Conseil_municipal_(France)" title="Conseil municipal (France)">conseil municipal</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div style="-moz-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid;-moz-column-break-inside:avoid;-webkit-column-break-inside:avoid;page-break-inside:avoid;overflow:hidden;"> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Suisse" title="Suisse">Suisse</a> : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_de_la_Conf%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration_suisse" title="Président de la Confédération suisse">Président de la Confédération</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conseil_f%C3%A9d%C3%A9ral_(Suisse)" title="Conseil fédéral (Suisse)">Conseiller fédéral</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chancelier_de_la_Conf%C3%A9d%C3%A9ration" title="Chancelier de la Confédération">Chancelier de la Confédération</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conseil_national_(Suisse)" title="Conseil national (Suisse)">Conseiller national</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conseil_des_%C3%89tats_(Suisse)" title="Conseil des États (Suisse)">Conseiller aux États</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conseil_d%27%C3%89tat_(Suisse)" class="mw-redirect" title="Conseil d'État (Suisse)">Conseiller d'État</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politique_du_canton_du_Jura" class="mw-redirect" title="Politique du canton du Jura">Ministre (canton du Jura)</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Conseil_(Suisse)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Conseil (Suisse)">député au Grand Conseil</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9fet_(Suisse)" title="Préfet (Suisse)">Préfet</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syndic" title="Syndic">Syndic</a> ;</li> <li><span class="page_h"><a href="/wiki/Conseil_communal_(Suisse)" class="mw-disambig" title="Conseil communal (Suisse)">Conseiller communal</a></span>, <span class="page_h"><a href="/wiki/Conseil_municipal_(Suisse)" class="mw-disambig" title="Conseil municipal (Suisse)">Conseiller municipal</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Ex%C3%A9cutif_communal_en_Suisse" title="Exécutif communal en Suisse">Conseiller administratif</a> et <a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9gislatif_communal_en_Suisse" title="Législatif communal en Suisse">Conseiller général</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_communale" title="Assemblée communale">Assemblée communale</a>.</li></ul> </div> <div style="-moz-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid;-moz-column-break-inside:avoid;-webkit-column-break-inside:avoid;page-break-inside:avoid;overflow:hidden;"> <p>En <a href="/wiki/Alg%C3%A9rie" title="Algérie">Algérie</a> : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_alg%C3%A9rienne_d%C3%A9mocratique_et_populaire" title="Président de la République algérienne démocratique et populaire">Président de la République</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premier_ministre_d%27Alg%C3%A9rie" title="Premier ministre d'Algérie">Chef du Gouvernement</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ministre" title="Ministre">Ministre</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secr%C3%A9taire_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Secrétaire d'état">Secrétaire d'état</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chef_d%27%C3%A9tat-major_de_l%27Arm%C3%A9e_nationale_populaire" title="Chef d'état-major de l'Armée nationale populaire">Chef d'état-major de l'Armée nationale populaire</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9partement_du_Renseignement_et_de_la_S%C3%A9curit%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Département du Renseignement et de la Sécurité">Chef des services de sécurité</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wali_(Alg%C3%A9rie)" title="Wali (Algérie)">Wali</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembl%C3%A9e_populaire_nationale_(Alg%C3%A9rie)" title="Assemblée populaire nationale (Algérie)">Député</a> ; </li></ul></div> </div> <p>Au <a href="/wiki/Liban" title="Liban">Liban</a> : </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Premier_ministre_du_Liban" class="mw-redirect" title="Premier ministre du Liban">Premier ministre</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sident_du_Liban" class="mw-redirect" title="Président du Liban">Président de la République</a> ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambre_des_d%C3%A9put%C3%A9s_(Liban)" title="Chambre des députés (Liban)">Député</a> ;</li> <li>Chef d'un parti ;</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gouvernement_du_Liban" title="Gouvernement du Liban">Ministre</a> ;</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes_et_références"><span id="Notes_et_r.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Notes et références</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifier la section : Notes et références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&action=edit&section=4" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes et références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifier la section : Notes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&action=edit&section=5" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Notes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-nomme-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink noprint">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-nomme_9-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nomme_9-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nomme_9-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-nomme_9-3">d</a> et <a href="#cite_ref-nomme_9-4">e</a></sup> </span><span class="reference-text">Non élu, nommé à ce poste par le chef de l'État.</span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Références"><span id="R.C3.A9f.C3.A9rences"></span>Références</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifier la section : Références" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&action=edit&section=6" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Références"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="references-small decimal" style=""><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Dogan2003"><span class="ouvrage" id="Mattei_Dogan2003"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mattei_Dogan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mattei Dogan (page inexistante)">Mattei Dogan</a> <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mattei_Dogan" class="extiw" title="en:Mattei Dogan"><span class="indicateur-langue" title="Article en anglais : « Mattei Dogan »">(en)</span></a>, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Méfiance et corruption : discrédit des élites politiques</cite> », <i>Revue internationale de politique comparée</i>, Bruxelles / Liège, <a href="/wiki/Groupe_De_Boeck" title="Groupe De Boeck">De Boeck Université</a> / <a href="/wiki/Cairn.info" title="Cairn.info">Cairn.info</a>, <abbr class="abbr" title="volume">vol.</abbr> 10,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2003-03" data-sort-value="2003-03">mars 2003</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 415 à 432 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/1370-0731">1370-0731</a></span>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ripc.103.0415">10.3917/ripc.103.0415</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairn.info/load_pdf.php?ID_ARTICLE=RIPC_103_0415&download=1">lire en ligne</a> <abbr class="abbr indicateur-format format-pdf" title="Document au format Portable Document Format (PDF) d'Adobe">[PDF]</abbr>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-10-06" data-sort-value="2022-10-06">6 octobre 2022</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=M%C3%A9fiance+et+corruption+%3A+discr%C3%A9dit+des+%C3%A9lites+politiques&rft.jtitle=Revue+internationale+de+politique+compar%C3%A9e&rft.aulast=Dogan&rft.aufirst=Mattei&rft.date=2003-03&rft.volume=10&rft.pages=415+%C3%A0+432&rft.issn=1370-0731&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Fripc.103.0415&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APersonnalit%C3%A9+politique"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.larousse.fr/dictionnaires/francais/%C3%89tat/31318"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Définitions : État</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89ditions_Larousse" title="Éditions Larousse">Éditions Larousse</a></span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-10-06" data-sort-value="2022-10-06">6 octobre 2022</time>)</small></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnews.fr/politique/2016-08-18/qui-ete-le-premier-president-de-la-republique-736630"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Qui a été le premier président de la République ?</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">CNEWS</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-02-01" data-sort-value="2023-02-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> février 2023</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="2009"><abbr class="abbr indicateur-langue" title="Langue : anglais britannique">(en-GB)</abbr> « <cite style="font-style:normal" lang="en-gb">First gay PM for Iceland cabinet</cite> », <i><span class="lang-en-gb" lang="en-gb">BBC</span></i>,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2009-02-01" data-sort-value="2009-02-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> février 2009</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/7863923.stm">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-02-01" data-sort-value="2023-02-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> février 2023</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=First+gay+PM+for+Iceland+cabinet&rft.jtitle=BBC&rft.date=2009-02-01&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APersonnalit%C3%A9+politique"></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="AFP2020"><span class="ouvrage" id="GEO_avec_AFP2020">GEO avec <span class="nom_auteur">AFP</span>, « <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geo.fr/histoire/il-y-a-40-ans-en-islande-vigdis-finnbogadottir-devenait-la-premiere-presidente-elue-au-monde-201440"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Il y a 40 ans, en Islande, Vigdis Finnbogadóttir, devenait la première présidente élue au monde</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">Geo.fr</span>, <time class="nowrap" datetime="2020-07-31" data-sort-value="2020-07-31">31 juillet 2020</time> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-02-01" data-sort-value="2023-02-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> février 2023</time>)</small></span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.terrafemina.com/article/petra-de-sutter-elle-devient-la-premiere-femme-transgenre-ministre-en-europe_a355339/1"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Petra De Sutter devient la première femme transgenre ministre en Europe</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">www.terrafemina.com</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2023-02-01" data-sort-value="2023-02-01"><abbr class="abbr" title="premier">1<sup>er</sup></abbr> février 2023</time>)</small></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage" id="Albertini2014"><span class="ouvrage" id="Jean-Benoît_Albertini2014"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Beno%C3%AEt_Albertini" title="Jean-Benoît Albertini">Jean-Benoît Albertini</a>, « <cite style="font-style:normal">Démocratie représentative et participation(s) citoyenne(s) : réflexions et applications pratiques</cite> », <i><a href="/wiki/Revue_fran%C3%A7aise_d%27administration_publique" title="Revue française d'administration publique">Revue française d'administration publique</a></i>, Strasbourg, <a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_nationale_d%27administration_(France)" title="École nationale d'administration (France)">École nationale d'administration</a> / Cairn.info, <abbr class="abbr" title="numéro">n<sup>o</sup></abbr> 150,‎ <time class="nowrap" datetime="2014-02" data-sort-value="2014-02">février 2014</time>, <abbr class="abbr" title="page(s)">p.</abbr> 529 à 541 <small style="line-height:1em;">(<a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Serial_Number" title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN</a> <span class="plainlinks noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://portal.issn.org/resource/issn/0152-7401">0152-7401</a></span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairn.info/revue-francaise-d-administration-publique-2014-2-page-529.htm">lire en ligne</a>, consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2022-10-06" data-sort-value="2022-10-06">6 octobre 2022</time>)</small><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=D%C3%A9mocratie+repr%C3%A9sentative+et+participation%28s%29+citoyenne%28s%29+%3A+r%C3%A9flexions+et+applications+pratiques&rft.jtitle=Revue+fran%C3%A7aise+d%27administration+publique&rft.issue=150&rft.aulast=Albertini&rft.aufirst=Jean-Beno%C3%AEt&rft.date=2014-02&rft.pages=529+%C3%A0+541&rft.issn=0152-7401&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ffr.wikipedia.org%3APersonnalit%C3%A9+politique"></span></span></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a> </span><span class="reference-text"><span class="ouvrage">« <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/loda/id/LEGISCTA000042418213"><cite style="font-style:normal;">Constitution du 4 octobre 1958 - Légifrance</cite></a> », sur <span class="italique">www.legifrance.gouv.fr</span> <small style="line-height:1em;">(consulté le <time class="nowrap" datetime="2024-12-07" data-sort-value="2024-12-07">7 décembre 2024</time>)</small></span></span> </li> </ol></div> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voir_aussi">Voir aussi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifier la section : Voir aussi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&action=edit&section=7" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Voir aussi"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r194021218">.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>.titre{text-align:center;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li{list-style:none;margin:0.2em 0;text-indent:0;padding-left:24px;min-height:20px;text-align:left;display:block}.mw-parser-output .autres-projets>ul>li>a{font-style:italic}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .autres-projets{float:none}}</style><div class="autres-projets boite-grise boite-a-droite noprint js-interprojets"> <p class="titre">Sur les autres projets Wikimedia :</p> <ul class="noarchive plainlinks"> <li class="commons"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Politicians?uselang=fr">Politicians</a>, sur <span class="project">Wikimedia Commons</span></li><li class="wiktionary"><a href="https://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/politicien" class="extiw" title="wikt:politicien">politicien</a>, <span class="nowrap">sur le <span class="project">Wiktionnaire</span></span></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Articles_connexes">Articles connexes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifier la section : Articles connexes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&action=edit&section=8" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Articles connexes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More" title="Thomas More">Thomas More</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liste_de_chansons_concernant_des_personnalit%C3%A9s_politiques" title="Liste de chansons concernant des personnalités politiques">Liste de chansons concernant des personnalités politiques</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sosie_de_personnalit%C3%A9_politique" title="Sosie de personnalité politique">Sosie de personnalité politique</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Liens_externes">Liens externes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifier la section : Liens externes" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modifier</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Personnalit%C3%A9_politique&action=edit&section=9" title="Modifier le code source de la section : Liens externes"><span>modifier le code</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers">Notice dans un dictionnaire ou une encyclopédie généraliste<span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82955?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://denstoredanske.lex.dk//politiker/"><i>Den Store Danske Encyklopædi</i></a></li> </ul></div></li> <li><div class="liste-horizontale"><span class="wd_identifiers"><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_(sciences_de_l%27information)" title="Autorité (sciences de l'information)">Notices d'autorité</a><span class="noprint wikidata-linkback skin-invert"><span class="mw-valign-baseline noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82955?uselang=fr#identifiers" title="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata"><img alt="Voir et modifier les données sur Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span></span> : <ul><li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85104461">LCCN</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4046517-2">GND</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap uid noarchive"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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