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<!DOCTYPE html><html><head><title>The Italian Presence in American Art, 1860-1920 - Google Books</title><link rel="stylesheet" href="/books/css/_286fa9cd3598c4b0d5ddca165b805d15/kl_viewport_kennedy_full_bundle.css" type="text/css" /><link rel="stylesheet"href="https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Product+Sans:wght@400"><script src="/books/javascript/v2_286fa9cd3598c4b0d5ddca165b805d15__en.js"></script><script>_OC_Hooks = ["_OC_Page", "_OC_SearchReload", "_OC_TocReload", "_OC_EmptyFunc", "_OC_SearchPage", "_OC_QuotePage" ];for (var _OC_i = 0; _OC_i < _OC_Hooks.length; _OC_i++) {eval("var " + _OC_Hooks[_OC_i] + ";");}function _OC_InitHooks () {for (var i = 0; i < _OC_Hooks.length; i++) {var func = arguments[i];eval( _OC_Hooks[i] + " = func;");}}</script><link rel="canonical" href="https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Italian_Presence_in_American_Art_186.html?id=aY8OIa6NIPAC"/><meta property="og:url" content="https://books.google.com/books/about/The_Italian_Presence_in_American_Art_186.html?id=aY8OIa6NIPAC"/><meta name="title" content="The Italian Presence in American Art, 1860-1920"/><meta name="description" content="Like a magic potion, Italianita has seeped through the stream of American aesthetic consciousness ever since Benjamin West stepped onto Italian soil in 1760. The first period of this artistic phenomenon was investigated in The Italian Presence in American Art, 1760-1860 and the book at hand thus continues this intellectual exploration in its development during the following sixty years. Those decades between the Civil War and World War I brought to a climax the growing sense of American continental nationhood, and this strengthened perception of national identity was reflected in American art. A synthesis was achieved in which American values and images were fused with the great tradition flowing from its Italian source. Among the themes that arise from this examination of the role that Italy played in shaping American art is first and foremost the struggle to resolve the issue of what American art ought to express: our European heritage or our cultural independence. This question penetrates to the heart of the most widely debated topic in present-day American culture - multiculturalism. The reader may well find previously unconsidered relationships between our past and present, and may be led to reconsider problems posed by the conflicting needs of unity and diversity in our nation. Other themes that appear in these essays deal with the development of American wealth and its role in influencing the taste of the period, and with feminism. In these pages it will be noticed how very closely American art mirrors the American Experience. While all art reflects the cultural context in which it is created, the nature of American art, predominantly Romantic-Realism, makes the link between ideaand image particularly visible. What becomes evident is that "the Italian presence" was almost never a simple matter of direct influence; rather it was an experience for American artists that afforded them, above all, insight and inspiration. 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Italian Presence in American Art, 1860-1920","subtitle":"","attribution":"edited by Irma B. Jaffe","additional_info":{"[JsonBookInfo]":{"BuyLinks":[{"Seller":"Fordham Univ Press","Url":"http://fordhampress.com/detail.html?id=9780823212491","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-fordham_upress\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=aY8OIa6NIPAC\u0026q=http://fordhampress.com/detail.html%3Fid%3D9780823212491\u0026usg=AOvVaw2G676ipFF91dlgTfo64qFu","IsPublisher":true},{"Seller":"Amazon.com","Url":"http://www.amazon.com/gp/search?index=books\u0026linkCode=qs\u0026keywords=9780823213429","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-fordham_upress\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=aY8OIa6NIPAC\u0026q=http://www.amazon.com/gp/search%3Findex%3Dbooks%26linkCode%3Dqs%26keywords%3D9780823213429\u0026usg=AOvVaw3mpTyZA0CoRdO89Z8aK1Qr"},{"Seller":"MPH","Url":"http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx?do=detail\u0026pcode=9780823213429","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-fordham_upress\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=aY8OIa6NIPAC\u0026q=http://www.mphonline.com/books/nsearch.aspx%3Fdo%3Ddetail%26pcode%3D9780823213429\u0026usg=AOvVaw1mzzfso7nPcjxasksQSWgj"},{"Seller":"Popular","Url":"https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/?q=9780823213429","TrackingUrl":"/url?client=ca-print-fordham_upress\u0026format=googleprint\u0026num=0\u0026id=aY8OIa6NIPAC\u0026q=https://www.popular.com.sg/catalogsearch/result/%3Fq%3D9780823213429\u0026usg=AOvVaw1shDiqjoG4-NePvLzgTo6l"}],"AboutUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aY8OIa6NIPAC","PreviewUrl":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aY8OIa6NIPAC","allowed_syndication_flags":{"allow_disabling_chrome":true},"TocLine":[{"Title":"Carr 2 Frederic Edwin Church and Italy ","Pid":"PA23","PgNum":"23","Order":44},{"Title":"Nicolai Cikovsky Jr 3 Inness and Italy ","Pid":"PA43","PgNum":"43","Order":64},{"Title":"OConnor 5 The Murals by Constantino Brumidi ","Pid":"PA81","PgNum":"81","Order":102},{"Title":"Robert O Jones 6 Italian Inspiration in Maitland ","Pid":"PA97","PgNum":"97","Order":134},{"Title":"William H Gerdts 9 American Memorial Sculpture and the Protestant ","Pid":"PA133","PgNum":"133","Order":170},{"Title":"Osborne 13 Lizzie Boott at Bellosguardo ","Pid":"PA188","PgNum":"188","Order":225},{"Title":"Margherita Azzi Visentini 17 The Italian Garden ","Pid":"PA240","PgNum":"240","Order":277}]}},"table_of_contents_page_id":"PR5","max_resolution_image_width":1280,"max_resolution_image_height":1856,"num_toc_pages":2,"quality_info":"We know this book has perfect quality.","volume_id":"aY8OIa6NIPAC","permission_info":"Pages displayed by permission of \u003ca class=link_aux href=\"https://books.google.com.sg/url?id=aY8OIa6NIPAC\u0026pg=PA128\u0026q=http://www.fordhampress.com/\u0026clientid=ca-print-fordham_upress\u0026linkid=1\u0026usg=AOvVaw3LJRSxKnbXG_b-MwLJS_L3\u0026source=gbs_pub_info_r\"\u003eFordham Univ Press\u003c/a\u003e","is_ebook":false,"volumeresult":{"has_flowing_text":false,"has_scanned_text":true,"can_download_pdf":false,"can_download_epub":false,"is_pdf_drm_enabled":false,"is_epub_drm_enabled":false},"publisher":"Fordham Univ Press","publication_date":"1992","subject":"Art","num_pages":265,"sample_url":"https://play.google.com/books/reader?id=aY8OIa6NIPAC\u0026source=gbs_vpt_hover","synposis":"Like a magic potion, Italianita has seeped through the stream of American aesthetic consciousness ever since Benjamin West stepped onto Italian soil in 1760. The first period of this artistic phenomenon was investigated in The Italian Presence in American Art, 1760-1860 and the book at hand thus continues this intellectual exploration in its development during the following sixty years. Those decades between the Civil War and World War I brought to a climax the growing sense of American continental nationhood, and this strengthened perception of national identity was reflected in American art. A synthesis was achieved in which American values and images were fused with the great tradition flowing from its Italian source. Among the themes that arise from this examination of the role that Italy played in shaping American art is first and foremost the struggle to resolve the issue of what American art ought to express: our European heritage or our cultural independence. This question penetrates to the heart of the most widely debated topic in present-day American culture - multiculturalism. The reader may well find previously unconsidered relationships between our past and present, and may be led to reconsider problems posed by the conflicting needs of unity and diversity in our nation. Other themes that appear in these essays deal with the development of American wealth and its role in influencing the taste of the period, and with feminism. In these pages it will be noticed how very closely American art mirrors the American Experience. While all art reflects the cultural context in which it is created, the nature of American art, predominantly Romantic-Realism, makes the link between ideaand image particularly visible. What becomes evident is that \"the Italian presence\" was almost never a simple matter of direct influence; rather it was an experience for American artists that afforded them, above all, insight and inspiration. Italy was America's muse.","my_library_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fop%3Dlibrary\u0026hl=en","is_magazine":false,"is_public_domain":false},{"enableUserFeedbackUI":true,"pseudocontinuous":true,"is_cobrand":false,"sign_in_url":"https://www.google.com/accounts/Login?service=print\u0026continue=https://books.google.com.sg/books%3Fid%3DaY8OIa6NIPAC%26q%3DFarge%26source%3Dgbs_word_cloud_r%26hl%3Den\u0026hl=en","isEntityPageViewport":false,"showViewportOnboarding":false,"showViewportPlainTextOnboarding":false},{"page":[{"pid":"PA128","highlights":[{"X":117,"Y":226,"W":26,"H":11},{"X":129,"Y":470,"W":26,"H":10},{"X":172,"Y":560,"W":27,"H":11},{"X":87,"Y":606,"W":27,"H":10},{"X":364,"Y":378,"W":26,"H":11}],"flags":8,"order":165,"vq":"Farge"}]},null,{"number_of_results":17,"search_results":[{"page_id":"PR14","page_number":"xiv","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e / 125 73. Elihu Vedder , Rome / 127 74. Abbott H. Thayer , Florence / 129 75. Kenyon Cox , Venice / 131 76. Harriet Hosmer , Monument to Mlle Falconnet / 135 77. Erik Gustave Göthe , Monument to Lady Temple / 139 78. Thomas Cole\u0026nbsp;...","page_url":"https://books.google.com.sg/books?id=aY8OIa6NIPAC\u0026pg=PR14\u0026vq=Farge"},{"page_id":"PR16","page_number":"xvi","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e , Athens 8. William Wetmore Story , Angel of Grief , Monument to Emelyn Story 9. Stanford White , Judson Church / Tower 10. Lizzie Boott , Mother and Two Children II . Frank Duveneck and Clement J. Barnhorn , Funerary Effigy of\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA22","page_number":"22","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e expressed the same sentiments in outlining the differences between American and European artists : \u0026quot; We are not as they are - fixed in some tradition ; and we can go where we choose to the greatest influ- ences , if we wish , and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA96-IA6","page_number":"96","snippet_text":"Irma B. Jaffe. 6 . Maitland Armstrong , Church of the Ascension , The Annunciation , 1886. Stained glass ( photo : Robert O. Jones ) . 7 . John La \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e , Athens , mural ,"},{"page_id":"PA96-IA7","page_number":"96","snippet_text":"Irma B. Jaffe. 7 . John La \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e , Athens , mural , 1898 . Oil on canvas , 9 X 20 \u0026#39; . ( photo : Bowdoin College Museum of Art ) . 8 . William Wetmore Story , Angel of Grief ,"},{"page_id":"PA97","page_number":"97","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e , until he established his own firm in 1887 , Mait- land Armstrong and Company in New York City ( Plate 55 ) . Imbued with a \u0026quot; classic spirit \u0026quot; in the sense defined by muralist Kenyon Cox in his book The Classic Point of View\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA101","page_number":"101","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e for his Ascension mural , which Arm- strong described as \u0026quot; to my mind , the finest mural painting in America . ” 18 Armstrong\u0026#39;s mosaic design includes two kneel- ing angels , to the right and left of the altar ( Plate 57 ) , and\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA112","page_number":"112","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e to create something on this order in the Bos- ton Public Library.12 The initial plan for Mow- bray\u0026#39;s commission was to copy the murals for the library of McKim\u0026#39;s University Club in New York . In 1902 McKim secured $ 25,000 for the\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA121","page_number":"121","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e were at least fifteen years older than their col- leagues , Abbott Thayer and Kenyon Cox - with La \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e and Cox being separated by more than twenty - one years . The muralists also had differing backgrounds , and each brought a\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA125","page_number":"125","snippet_text":"... view ( murals from left to right are by Vedder , Cox , and La \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e ) ( photo : Bowdoin College Museum of Art ) . ROME SAPIENZA PENSIERO ANIMA VITA NATVRA ARMONIA AMORE COLORE FORM. Bowdoin\u0026#39;s Walker Art Building and Its Murals 125."},{"page_id":"PA128","page_number":"128","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e ( 1835-1910 ) , a pioneer of the American mural movement , had been among the pioneer generation in seeking ... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u0026#39;s\u003c/b\u003e Newport works - naturalistic landscapes and still lifes — and his early portraits , such as Henry James\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA132","page_number":"132","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u0026#39;s\u003c/b\u003e mural work in general , see H. B. Weinberg , \u0026quot; John La \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e : Pioneer of the American Mural Movement , ” in H. Adams , et al . , John La \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e , Exhibition Catalogue , Carnegie Mu- seum of Art , Pittsburgh , and National\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA158","page_number":"158","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e , the painter , after looking over some of the boy\u0026#39;s drawings , suggested he might better prepare himself for a career in architecture instead of painting . In the rapidly growing and in- 158 creasingly wealthy city\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA163","page_number":"163","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e , Au- gustus Saint - Gaudens , and his brother , Louis , as- sisted White in decorating the hallway , the music room , and the dining room of the south domicile . Another early - 1880s instance of Italian Renais- sance influence\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA170","page_number":"170","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u0026#39;s\u003c/b\u003e wall mural of the Ascension , with low - relief angels by Louis Saint - Gaudens and angel mosaics by Maitland Armstrong , the central figures in the canvas mural perhaps echoing Raphael\u0026#39;s \u0026quot; School of Athens \u0026quot;. 170 Italian\u0026nbsp;..."},{"page_id":"PA215","page_number":"215","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e and Francis Millet , and sculptor Augustus Saint - Gaudens - themselves had studied in the French capital and respected its superiority as a 127 . Scrapbook page with snapshots of Academy fellows ,. Art Mecca or Artistic Backwater ?"},{"page_id":"PA228","page_number":"228","snippet_text":"... \u003cb\u003eFarge\u003c/b\u003e , trustee and Secretary to the Board , 8 December 1913 ; Files of the American Academy in Rome , New York . 45. Millet to Crowninshield , 20 May 1911 ; AAR . 46. After a visit to Rome in 1910 , Frank Miles Day re- ceived the\u0026nbsp;..."}],"search_query_escaped":"Farge"},{});</script></div></div></div><script>(function() {var href = window.location.href;if (href.indexOf('?') !== -1) {var parameters = href.split('?')[1].split('&');for (var i = 0; i < parameters.length; i++) {var param = parameters[i].split('=');if (param[0] == 'focus') {var elem = document.getElementById(param[1]);if (elem) {elem.focus();}}}}})();</script>