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document.getElementById('Lifestyle-button'); if (!columnInput) return; // Sticky nav replaces the nav so element no longer exists for users in test. columnInput.addEventListener('keydown', function(e){ // keyCode: 13 => Enter key | keyCode: 32 => Space key if (e.keyCode === 13 || e.keyCode === 32) { e.preventDefault() document.getElementById('Lifestyle-checkbox-input').click(); } }) })</script><input type="checkbox" id="Lifestyle-checkbox-input" tabIndex="-1" aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-1acea34"/><label id="Lifestyle-button" aria-label="Toggle Lifestyle" for="Lifestyle-checkbox-input" aria-haspopup="true" aria-controls="lifestyleLinks" tabIndex="-1" role="menuitem" data-testid="column-collapse-Lifestyle" data-link-name="header : secondary : Lifestyle" class="selectableMenuItem dcr-yq9plo">Lifestyle</label><ul role="menu" id="lifestyleLinks" data-testid="lifestyleLinks" class="dcr-1utnfys"><li role="none" class="dcr-9ra8aa"><a href="/lifeandstyle" role="menuitem" 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syringes in an anti-vax protest in Times Square, New York." src="https://i.guim.co.uk/img/media/be8e049010452e7f18d86c2b726b3c8c9f80e597/0_275_8256_4954/master/8256.jpg?width=465&dpr=1&s=none&crop=none" width="465" height="279.0225290697675" loading="eager" class="dcr-evn1e9"/></picture><span class="dcr-v822l1"><div class="dcr-gup2gr"><div class="dcr-zy1nbx"><label for="the-checkbox" class="dcr-1xgwz8b"><svg width="6" height="14" fill="white" viewBox="0 0 6 14"><path d="M4.6 12l-.4 1.4c-.7.2-1.9.6-3 .6-.7 0-1.2-.2-1.2-.9 0-.2 0-.3.1-.5l2-6.7H.7l.4-1.5 4.2-.6h.2L3 12h1.6zm-.3-9.2c-.9 0-1.4-.5-1.4-1.3C2.9.5 3.7 0 4.6 0 5.4 0 6 .5 6 1.3c0 1-.8 1.5-1.7 1.5z"></path></svg></label><input type="checkbox" id="the-checkbox"/> <div id="the-caption"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1ie0kc7"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Street theater activists for health freedom simulate being injected by large Covid-19 syringes in an anti-vax protest in Times Square, New York.</span> Photograph: Erik Pendzich/Rex/Shutterstock</figcaption></div></div></div></span><a href="#img-1" data-ignore="global-link-styling" aria-hidden="true" tabIndex="-1" class="open-lightbox dcr-13fd1ms"><button data-element-id="5cdc2718-0030-4bed-a13d-ddd0fe44f236" type="button" aria-haspopup="dialog" class="open-lightbox dcr-4tmywn"><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M23 8.75V1.5l-.5-.5h-7.25v1.25l4.5.6L14 8.575 15.4 10l5.75-5.725.6 4.475zm-22 6.5v7.25l.475.5h7.25v-1.25l-4.475-.6 5.725-5.775L8.6 14l-5.775 5.725-.575-4.475z"></path></svg><span class="dcr-194i6pr">View image in fullscreen</span></button></a></div><span class="dcr-n4pnam"><figcaption data-spacefinder-role="inline" class="dcr-1fujct4"><span class="dcr-1inf02i"><svg width="18" height="13" viewBox="0 0 18 13"><path d="M18 3.5v8l-1.5 1.5h-15l-1.5-1.5v-8l1.5-1.5h3.5l2-2h4l2 2h3.5l1.5 1.5zm-9 7.5c1.9 0 3.5-1.6 3.5-3.5s-1.6-3.5-3.5-3.5-3.5 1.6-3.5 3.5 1.6 3.5 3.5 3.5z"></path></svg></span><span class="dcr-1qvd3m6">Street theater activists for health freedom simulate being injected by large Covid-19 syringes in an anti-vax protest in Times Square, New York.</span> Photograph: Erik Pendzich/Rex/Shutterstock</figcaption></span></figure></div></div></div><aside style="--grid-area:title;" data-gu-name="title" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-10355cg"><div class="dcr-0"><span class="dcr-1v9xu6e"></span><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/coronavirus-outbreak" data-component="section" data-link-name="article section" class="content__label__link dcr-qmfkju"><span>Coronavirus</span></a></div></div></aside><div style="--grid-area:border;" data-gu-name="border" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-upmzd8"></div></div><div style="--grid-area:headline;" data-gu-name="headline" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-cohhs3"><div class="dcr-notra3"><div aria-hidden="true" class="dcr-13832xi"><svg width="11" height="11" viewBox="0 0 11 11" fill="currentColor"><path d="M5.4 0C2.4 0 0 2.4 0 5.4s2.4 5.4 5.4 5.4 5.4-2.4 5.4-5.4S8.4 0 5.4 0zm3 6.8H4.7V1.7h.7L6 5.4l2.4.6v.8z"></path></svg> This article is more than <strong>3 years old</strong></div></div><h1 class="dcr-u0152o">Unvaccinated could be breeding ground for Covid variants, US officials fear</h1><div class="dcr-1nvgr5i">This article is more than 3 years old</div></div></div></div><div style="--grid-area:standfirst;" data-gu-name="standfirst" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class=" dcr-4gwv1z"><p>New coronavirus cases were up at least 10% in 46 states, with each infection increasing the chance of a dangerous virus mutation</p></div></div><aside style="--grid-area:meta;" data-gu-name="meta" class="dcr-1fnjjtg"><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class="dcr-ich95x"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="100%" height="13" viewBox="0 0 1300 13" preserveAspectRatio="none" stroke="var(--article-border)" stroke-width="1" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" class="dcr-194w08h"><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="0.5" y2="0.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="4.5" y2="4.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="8.5" y2="8.5"></line><line x1="0" x2="1300" y1="12.5" y2="12.5"></line></svg></div></div><div class="dcr-14emo0l"><div class=" dcr-1v9sla6"><div class="dcr-5oiine"><div class="dcr-1kpcv08"><div><address aria-label="Contributor info" data-component="meta-byline" data-link-name="byline"><div class=" dcr-1cfpnlw"><a rel="author" data-link-name="auto tag link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/profile/gloria-oladipo">Gloria Oladipo</a></div></address><details style="--mobile-color:inherit;" class="dcr-1pexjb9"><summary class="dcr-1ybxn6r"><span class="dcr-u0h1qy">Sat 17 Jul 2021 10.00 BST</span></summary>Last modified on Sat 17 Jul 2021 10.28 BST</details></div></div><div data-print-layout="hide" class="dcr-9dgpdq"><div class=" dcr-16lnb0w"><gu-island name="ShareButton" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"pageId":"world/2021/jul/17/unvaccinated-coronavirus-covid-variants-us","webTitle":"Unvaccinated could be breeding ground for Covid variants, US officials fear","format":{"design":0,"display":0,"theme":0},"context":"ArticleMeta"}"><a href="mailto:?subject=Unvaccinated could be breeding ground for Covid variants, US officials fear&body=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jul/17/unvaccinated-coronavirus-covid-variants-us?CMP=share_btn_url" type="button" class="dcr-bao4ku">Share<div class="src-button-space"></div><svg viewBox="-3 -3 30 30" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true"><path fill-rule="evenodd" clip-rule="evenodd" d="M19 16c1.675 0 3 1.35 3 3 0 1.675-1.325 3-3 3a2.97 2.97 0 0 1-2.975-3c0-.125 0-.275.025-.375L7.1 14.15a2.9 2.9 0 0 1-2.075.825C3.325 14.975 2 13.65 2 12a3.004 3.004 0 0 1 3.025-3.025c.775 0 1.5.35 2.075.875l8.95-4.475c-.025-.1-.025-.225-.025-.4A2.966 2.966 0 0 1 19 2c1.675 0 3 1.325 3 2.975C22 6.65 20.675 8 19 8c-.8 0-1.475-.325-2.05-.825l-8.975 4.45C8 11.7 8 11.825 8 12s0 .3-.025.375l8.975 4.45c.575-.5 1.25-.825 2.05-.825m0-12.8c-.975 0-1.8.775-1.8 1.775S18.025 6.8 19 6.8c1 0 1.825-.825 1.825-1.825S20 3.2 19 3.2m0 17.6c1 0 1.825-.825 1.825-1.8 0-1-.825-1.8-1.825-1.8-.975 0-1.8.8-1.8 1.8 0 .975.825 1.8 1.8 1.8"></path></svg></a></gu-island></div><div class=" dcr-1csot3r"><div class="dcr-14baf59"><div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="dcr-fu29fd"><span class="dcr-1lhv23l"><gu-island name="ExpandableMarketingCardWrapper" priority="enhancement" deferUntil="visible" props="{"guardianBaseURL":"https://www.theguardian.com"}"></gu-island></span></div></aside><div style="--grid-area:body;" data-gu-name="body" class="dcr-1upb05m"><span class="dcr-1iz7gbk"><gu-island name="ExpandableMarketingCardWrapper" priority="enhancement" deferUntil="idle" props="{"guardianBaseURL":"https://www.theguardian.com"}"></gu-island></span><div class="dcr-1a4fred"><div id="maincontent" class="dcr-1bwys2b"><div class="article-body-commercial-selector article-body-viewer-selector dcr-1q6n3e0"><p class="dcr-1eu361v">In anticipation of an end to the Covid-19 pandemic, states and cities across the United States have enjoyed reopening once-shuttered communities for business, leisure, summer festivities and travel as life has returned to near-normal.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">However, health officials remain on high alert given one ongoing obstacle to being finished with Covid-19: wide swaths of unvaccinated people in America that could allow the virus to further mutate and potentially spawn more transmissible and increasingly deadly variants.</p><div id="sign-in-gate"><gu-island name="SignInGateSelector" 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id="9f45208e-5f23-4637-aa97-966f646428ce" data-spacefinder-role="richLink" data-spacefinder-type="model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.RichLinkBlockElement" class=" dcr-1your1i"><gu-island name="RichLinkComponent" priority="feature" deferUntil="idle" props="{"richLinkIndex":2,"element":{"_type":"model.dotcomrendering.pageElements.RichLinkBlockElement","prefix":"Related: ","text":"Delta variant gains ground in US as outbreaks highlight vaccine divide","elementId":"9f45208e-5f23-4637-aa97-966f646428ce","role":"richLink","url":"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jul/14/us-delta-variant-coronavirus-covid-vaccine-divide"},"ajaxUrl":"https://api.nextgen.guardianapps.co.uk","format":{"design":0,"display":0,"theme":0}}"><div data-print-layout="hide" data-link-name="rich-link-2 | 2" data-component="rich-link" data-name="placeholder" class="dcr-1kyw41h"><div data-format-theme="5" data-format-design="0" data-format-display="0" class="dcr-ne8piv"><a href="https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2021/jul/14/us-delta-variant-coronavirus-covid-vaccine-divide" class="dcr-1m887w9"><div class="dcr-1lhuo3r"></div><div class="dcr-ut4tvs"><div class="dcr-1h5b6rb"><div class="dcr-1dgt1gs">Delta variant gains ground in US as outbreaks highlight vaccine divide</div></div><div class="dcr-eurq8n"><svg width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24"><g fill-rule="evenodd"><path d="m12 0c-6.627 0-12 5.373-12 12 0 6.627 5.373 12 12 12 6.627 0 12-5.373 12-12 0-6.627-5.373-12-12-12m.21 19l-.637-.668 4.888-6.326h-11.465v-1.01h11.465l-4.888-6.333.637-.668 6.79 7.158v.685l-6.79 7.157" class="rich-link__arrow-icon"></path></g></svg><div class="dcr-fkf7vq">Read more</div></div></div></a></div></div></gu-island></figure><p class="dcr-1eu361v">That means that unvaccinated people are not only at greater risk of Covid-19 themselves, but could also potentially undermine America’s whole vaccine rollout if any future variant emerging in the US was significantly resistant to the shots.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“Unvaccinated people are basically the cannon fodder of the virus. The virus needs people to infect in order to replicate and the more people it has that are vulnerable or susceptible to infection, the more likely it will mutate,” said Dr Michael Saag, a professor of medicine and infectious diseases at the University of Alabama at Birmingham.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Forty-six US states recorded at least a 10% increase in new coronavirus cases as of Wednesday, <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/13/health/us-coronavirus-tuesday/index.html" data-link-name="in body link">reported by CNN. </a><a href="https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2021-07-15/reconsider-travel-to-nevada-florida-amid-covid-19-surge" data-link-name="in body link">Travel advisories</a> have been declared for several states including Nevada and Florida because of increased Covid-19 cases, warning wannabe vacationers to stay away.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Against the backdrop of an almost nationwide increase in Covid-19 cases, there is a renewed focus on the vaccine rollout. After <a href="https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/biden-doubles-vaccine-efforts-missing-july-4th-goal/story?id=78688063" data-link-name="in body link">just missing a 4 July deadline</a> of getting at least 70% of American adults their first dose of the Covid-19 vaccine, the Biden administration – together with federal, state and local health officials – is encouraging people, <a href="https://www.usatoday.com/story/entertainment/celebrities/2021/07/14/olivia-rodrigo-white-house-biden-fauci-covid-vaccine-campaign/7960016002/" data-link-name="in body link">especially younger adults</a>, to get vaccinated as <a href="https://www.politico.com/news/2021/07/12/biden-covid-vaccination-campaign-499278" data-link-name="in body link">quickly as possible.</a></p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">But, even amid the more aggressive attempts to boost vaccination rates, several states, many<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/27/us-covid-vaccine-disparities-south" data-link-name="in body link"> concentrated in the south</a>, continue to lag behind. <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/05/health/us-coronavirus-monday/index.html" data-link-name="in body link">As of 5 July</a>, Arkansas, which has fully vaccinated less than 35% of its adult population, has acquired new Covid-19 cases at five times the national average rate. Similarly, Oklahoma, where only 39% of adults are fully vaccinated, <a href="https://www.newson6.com/story/60ef679c4861fb0c34518523/oklahoma-covid19-cases-surge-tulsa-has-most-patients-in-hospitals" data-link-name="in body link">has had a similar increase</a> in Covid-19 cases. Those who remain unvaccinated risk infection as well as an <a href="https://apnews.com/article/coronavirus-pandemic-health-941fcf43d9731c76c16e7354f5d5e187" data-link-name="in body link">increased chance of hospitalization</a> or death from Covid.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“The challenge that we’re facing in the public health response … is that we’ve gotten the ‘easy’ people in terms of vaccination. The ones that were eager for it, that couldn’t wait to get it,” said Dr Susan Hassig, an associate professor of epidemiology at the Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">But, in addition to experiencing the worst form of Covid-19, unvaccinated people present additional opportunities for the Covid-19 virus <a href="https://www.businessinsider.com/unvaccinated-people-are-variant-factories-disease-expert-says-2021-7" data-link-name="in body link">to mutate. </a>The Delta variant of Covid-19, a more contagious and aggressive mutation of the virus <a href="https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/delta-variant-now-dominant-covid-strain-u-s-n1273214" data-link-name="in body link">that is now the dominant strain</a>, is a direct result of the coronavirus mutating in people who have been infected. Viruses mutate once they are in the body of a person who has been infected. Some virus mutations can weaken a virus, while others, as observed with the Delta variant, make the virus more harmful.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Hence, clusters of unvaccinated people not only risk transmitting the virus to others, but risk spreading a stronger, more contagious version of Covid.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“Unvaccinated populations, of whatever size, are the breeding ground where the virus will eventually generate some form of mutation that will probably be a problem for us,” said Hassig.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">Though epidemiologists remain uncertain about the likelihood of <a href="https://www.cnn.com/2021/07/14/world/coronavirus-newsletter-intl-14-07-21/index.html" data-link-name="in body link">the need for boosters</a> or revaccinations in the face of new strains, mutations of Covid-19 could challenge the immunity provided by existing vaccines.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“That’s been the concern all along. We’ve been talking about this since the beginning and, as anticipated, several variants have emerged … these viruses are just going to continue to emerge and it’s just a question of chance and a question of time, whether one of the variants will be resistant, to some degree, to the existing immunity provided by the vaccination,” said Saag.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">With the prevalence of the Delta variant, increasing number of cases, and gaps in vaccination rates amid ongoing travel, public health officials are encouraging the retention of preventive measures such as social distancing and mask-wearing to limit the chance of infection.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">But, as Hassig and Saag agreed, the most effective protection against future virus mutation and current strains is getting fully vaccinated.</p><p class="dcr-1eu361v">“What we can do about it is get everyone vaccinated. That protects us from getting infected in the first place and if the virus isn’t able to infect, it’s not going to replicate … and a new variant won’t emerge,” said Saag.</p></div></div><gu-island name="SlotBodyEnd" priority="feature" deferUntil="visible" props="{"contentType":"Article","contributionsServiceUrl":"https://contributions.guardianapis.com","idApiUrl":"https://idapi.theguardian.com","isMinuteArticle":false,"isPaidContent":false,"pageId":"world/2021/jul/17/unvaccinated-coronavirus-covid-variants-us","sectionId":"world","shouldHideReaderRevenue":false,"stage":"PROD","tags":[{"id":"world/coronavirus-outbreak","type":"Keyword","title":"Coronavirus"},{"id":"us-news/us-news","type":"Keyword","title":"US news"},{"id":"society/vaccines","type":"Keyword","title":"Vaccines and immunisation"},{"id":"science/infectiousdiseases","type":"Keyword","title":"Infectious 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