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data-file-height=\"512\" /\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\"\u003EOtvoren je \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/Wikipedija:Zahtjev_za_komentare/Nazivi_%C4%8Dlanaka\" title=\"Wikipedija:Zahtjev za komentare/Nazivi članaka\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EZahtjev za komentare o nazivima članaka\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Mrežno mjesto"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Sadržaj" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Sadržaj</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">premjesti</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sakrij</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Početak</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Korištenje" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Korištenje"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Korištenje</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Korištenje-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rudarenje_podataka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rudarenje_podataka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Rudarenje podataka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rudarenje_podataka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Metode_pretraživanja_podataka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Metode_pretraživanja_podataka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Metode pretraživanja podataka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Metode_pretraživanja_podataka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modeliranje_i_segmentacija" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modeliranje_i_segmentacija"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Modeliranje i segmentacija</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modeliranje_i_segmentacija-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pretraživanje_uzoraka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pretraživanje_uzoraka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pretraživanje uzoraka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pretraživanje_uzoraka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Standardi_za_pretraživanje_podataka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Standardi_za_pretraživanje_podataka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Standardi za pretraživanje podataka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Standardi_za_pretraživanje_podataka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Konferencije_o_data_mining-u" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Konferencije_o_data_mining-u"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Konferencije o data mining-u</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Konferencije_o_data_mining-u-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Faze_pretraživanja_podataka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faze_pretraživanja_podataka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Faze pretraživanja podataka</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Faze_pretraživanja_podataka-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Sadržaj cjeline Faze pretraživanja podataka</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Faze_pretraživanja_podataka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-(1)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#(1)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>(1)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-(1)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-(2)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#(2)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>(2)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-(2)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-(3)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#(3)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.3</span> <span>(3)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-(3)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Čišćenje_podataka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Čišćenje_podataka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Čišćenje podataka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Čišćenje_podataka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uporaba_u_dentalnoj_medicini" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uporaba_u_dentalnoj_medicini"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Uporaba u dentalnoj medicini</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uporaba_u_dentalnoj_medicini-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Model_predviđanja_za_proširenost_karijesa" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Model_predviđanja_za_proširenost_karijesa"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Model predviđanja za proširenost karijesa</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Model_predviđanja_za_proširenost_karijesa-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ciljevi_i_svrha" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ciljevi_i_svrha"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Ciljevi i svrha</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ciljevi_i_svrha-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Izvori" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Izvori"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Izvori</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Izvori-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Sadržaj" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Sadržaj" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Prikaz sadržaja stranice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Prikaz sadržaja stranice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Rudarenje podataka</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Idi na druge jezične varijante članka. Dostupan je na 63 jezika" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-63" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">63 jezika</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%86%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A8_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تنقيب في البيانات – arapski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تنقيب في البيانات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arapski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82" title="ডেটা মাইনিং – asamski" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ডেটা মাইনিং" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="asamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining – azerbajdžanski" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Data mining" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajdžanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B7%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%BE%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Извличане на знания от данни – bugarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Извличане на знания от данни" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bugarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%96%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A8" title="উপাত্ত খনন – bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="উপাত্ত খনন" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineria_de_dades" title="Mineria de dades – katalonski" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mineria de dades" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mineria_de_maga_dato" title="Mineria de maga dato – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Mineria de maga dato" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%DA%A9%DA%BE%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86" title="پێکھاتەی دراوەکان – soranski kurdski" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێکھاتەی دراوەکان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="soranski kurdski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining – češki" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Data mining" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="češki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloddio_data" title="Cloddio data – velški" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cloddio data" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="velški" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining – danski" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Data mining" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data-Mining" title="Data-Mining – njemački" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Data-Mining" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="njemački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BE%CF%8C%CF%81%CF%85%CE%BE%CE%B7_%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%BD%CF%89%CE%BD" title="Εξόρυξη δεδομένων – grčki" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εξόρυξη δεδομένων" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grčki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining – engleski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Data mining" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miner%C3%ADa_de_datos" title="Minería de datos – španjolski" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Minería de datos" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="španjolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andmekaeve" title="Andmekaeve – estonski" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Andmekaeve" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datu-meatzaritza" title="Datu-meatzaritza – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Datu-meatzaritza" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%87%E2%80%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C" title="داده‌کاوی – perzijski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="داده‌کاوی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perzijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiedonlouhinta" title="Tiedonlouhinta – finski" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tiedonlouhinta" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="dobri članak"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploration_de_donn%C3%A9es" title="Exploration de données – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Exploration de données" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minar%C3%ADa_de_datos" title="Minaría de datos – galicijski" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Minaría de datos" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galicijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A2" title="כריית מידע – hebrejski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כריית מידע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%86%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8" title="आँकड़ा खनन – hindski" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="आँकड़ा खनन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adatb%C3%A1ny%C3%A1szat" title="Adatbányászat – mađarski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Adatbányászat" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="mađarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%BE%D5%B5%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB_%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A3" title="Տվյալների մայնինգ – armenski" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տվյալների մայնինգ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penggalian_data" title="Penggalian data – indonezijski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Penggalian data" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Explorado_di_datumi" title="Explorado di datumi – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Explorado di datumi" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining – talijanski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Data mining" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="talijanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%87%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BF%E3%83%9E%E3%82%A4%E3%83%8B%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0" title="データマイニング – japanski" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="データマイニング" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%A6%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%B6_%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%A3%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%86" title="ದತ್ತಾಂಶ ಗಣಿಗಾರಿಕೆ – karnatački" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ದತ್ತಾಂಶ ಗಣಿಗಾರಿಕೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="karnatački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8D%B0%EC%9D%B4%ED%84%B0_%EB%A7%88%EC%9D%B4%EB%8B%9D" title="데이터 마이닝 – korejski" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="데이터 마이닝" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korejski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datizrace" title="Datizrace – latvijski" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Datizrace" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latvijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D1%80%D1%83%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%9A%D0%B5" title="Податочно рударење – makedonski" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Податочно рударење" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BE_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D" title="ഡാറ്റാ മൈനിങ്ങ് – malajalamski" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഡാറ്റാ മൈനിങ്ങ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining – mongolski" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Data mining" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A8" title="विदा उत्खनन – marathski" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="विदा उत्खनन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perlombongan_data" title="Perlombongan data – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Perlombongan data" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%B1%E1%80%90%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%96%E1%80%B1%E1%80%AC%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%BC%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8" title="ဒေတာတူးဖော်ခြင်း – burmanski" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒေတာတူးဖော်ခြင်း" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="burmanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datamining" title="Datamining – nizozemski" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Datamining" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nizozemski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datautvinning" title="Datautvinning – norveški nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Datautvinning" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norveški nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informasjonsutvinning" title="Informasjonsutvinning – norveški bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Informasjonsutvinning" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norveški bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eksploracja_danych" title="Eksploracja danych – poljski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eksploracja danych" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poljski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minera%C3%A7%C3%A3o_de_dados" title="Mineração de dados – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mineração de dados" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extragerea_de_cuno%C8%99tin%C8%9Be_din_date" title="Extragerea de cunoștințe din date – rumunjski" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Extragerea de cunoștințe din date" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumunjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining – ruski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Data mining" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analiza_podataka" title="Analiza podataka – srpsko-hrvatski" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Analiza podataka" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="srpsko-hrvatski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Data mining" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C4%BAbkov%C3%A1_anal%C3%BDza_d%C3%A1t" title="Hĺbková analýza dát – slovački" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hĺbková analýza dát" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovački" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podatkovno_rudarjenje" title="Podatkovno rudarjenje – slovenski" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Podatkovno rudarjenje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimi_i_t%C3%AB_dh%C3%ABnave" title="Minimi i të dhënave – albanski" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Minimi i të dhënave" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istra%C5%BEivanje_podataka" title="Istraživanje podataka – srpski" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Istraživanje podataka" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="srpski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining – sundanski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Data mining" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datautvinning" title="Datautvinning – švedski" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Datautvinning" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="švedski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="தரவு அகழ்தல் – tamilski" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தரவு அகழ்தல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D3%A3" title="Додаковӣ – tadžički" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Додаковӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadžički" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%82%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%A5" title="การทำเหมืองข้อมูล – tajlandski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="การทำเหมืองข้อมูล" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajlandski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Veri_madencili%C4%9Fi" title="Veri madenciliği – turski" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Veri madenciliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%83%D0%B2%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8F_%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%85" title="Добування даних – ukrajinski" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Добування даних" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrajinski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khai_ph%C3%A1_d%E1%BB%AF_li%E1%BB%87u" title="Khai phá dữ liệu – vijetnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Khai phá dữ liệu" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vijetnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%8C%96%E6%8E%98" title="数据挖掘 – wu kineski" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="数据挖掘" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%93%D7%90%D7%98%D7%9F_%D7%92%D7%A8%D7%90%D7%91%D7%9F" title="דאטן גראבן – jidiš" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="דאטן גראבן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jidiš" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%8C%96%E6%8E%98" title="数据挖掘 – kineski" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="数据挖掘" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kineski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A%E6%8E%A2%E5%8B%98" title="數據探勘 – kantonski" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="數據探勘" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q172491#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Poveznice na druge jezike" class="wbc-editpage">Uredi poveznice</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Imenski prostori"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Rudarenje_podataka" title="Pogledaj sadržaj [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Stranica</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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.ambox-protection{border-color:#a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Wikipedizirati plainlinks ambox ambox-notice" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datoteka:Ryanscontribs.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ryanscontribs.svg/41px-Ryanscontribs.svg.png" decoding="async" width="41" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ryanscontribs.svg/62px-Ryanscontribs.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Ryanscontribs.svg/82px-Ryanscontribs.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="210" data-file-height="204" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Ovaj članak ili odjeljak <b>nije wikipediziran</b>. (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Razgovor:Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Razgovor:Rudarenje podataka (stranica ne postoji)">Rasprava</a>)<span class="hide-when-compact"> <br /><small>Tekst članka treba <a href="/wiki/Wikipedija:Kako_ure%C4%91ivati_stranicu" title="Wikipedija:Kako uređivati stranicu">preurediti u wikitekst</a>. Potom uklonite ovaj predložak.</small></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rudarenje podataka</b> ili podatkovno rudarenje (<a href="/wiki/Engleski_jezik" title="Engleski jezik">eng.</a> <i>data mining</i>) je sortiranje, organiziranje ili grupiranje velikog broja podataka i izvlačenje relevantnih informacija. Oblik je <a href="/wiki/Analitika_podataka" title="Analitika podataka">analitike podataka</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sam termin mogli bismo objasniti kao proces pronalaženja korisnog znanja ili informacija, odnosno otkrivanje znanja iz <a href="/wiki/Velika_koli%C4%8Dina_podataka" title="Velika količina podataka">velike količine podataka</a>. Rudarenjem se poboljšava proces donošenja odluka na strateško-poslovnoj razini pružajući uvid u «skrivene» podatke business intelligence (BI) metodologijom. Rudarenjem se također otkrivaju odnosi, logičnost, pravilnost te općenito bilo kakve strukture među podacima. Rudarenje podrazumijeva organiziranje baza čišćenjem podataka kako bi se pristupilo znanju i stjecanju istog na temelju postojećih podataka u bazama. Razvoj tehnologije, računala, interneta bitno doprinosi lakšem organiziranju podataka, no da bi oni postali korisni, potrebno je njihovo pretvaranje u informacije i znanje. </p><p>Termin rudarenja često se poistovjećuje s 2 različita procesa: otkrivanje i predviđanje znanja. Proces otkrivanja znanja implicira korisnikovo razumijevanje eksplicitnih informacija za koje je bitno da su u čitljivom obliku. Predviđanje se odnosi na buduće događaje i u nekim pristupima moze biti čitljivo i prozirno dok u drugim neprovidno. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Korištenje"><span id="Kori.C5.A1tenje"></span>Korištenje</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Uredi odlomak: Korištenje" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=1" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Korištenje"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Politika</b>: rudarenje je metoda kojom je U.S. Army uspjela identificirati vođu napada na Twin Towers, 11.9.2001.; a tom se metodom također koriste CIA i Canadian Security Intelligence Service </p><p><b>Igre</b>: već od 60-ih godina u nekim kombinatornim igrama poput šaha </p><p><b>Poslovanje</b>: znatno pomaže u bržem donošenju poslovnih odluka zbog kontaktiranja samo onih <a href="/wiki/Prospekt" title="Prospekt">prospekata</a> ili klijenata za koje postoji visoka <a href="/wiki/Vjerojatnost" title="Vjerojatnost">vjerojatnost</a> da će odgovoriti, odnosno vjerojatnost uspjeha. Još jedan primjer primjene rudarenja podataka jest analiza košarice kupaca odnosno otkrivanje proizvoda čija je potražnja veća. </p><p>Kako bi bolje shvatili pojam rudarenja možemo ukratko reći da je rudarenje «prirodna evolucija tehnologije, a koja upotrebljava koncepte, metode i tehnike različitih disciplina kao što su baze podataka, <a href="/wiki/Statistika" title="Statistika">statistika</a> i <a href="/wiki/Umjetna_inteligencija" title="Umjetna inteligencija">umjetna inteligencija</a>.» Potreba da se podaci obrade i analiziraju kako bi se došlo do korisnih informacija i znanja rezultat je razvoja sustava baza podataka. Informacijska tehnologija kakvu je poznajemo danas, omogućuje nam bilježenje svake aktivnosti u digitalnom obliku, a količina tih podataka mjeri se u gigabajtima i terabajtima. </p><p>Ogromne <a href="/wiki/Baze_podataka" class="mw-redirect" title="Baze podataka">baze podataka</a> bogate su podacima, ali i siromašne informacijama koje su skrivene u pohranjenim podacima. Upravo je rudarenje podataka to koje pomaže otkriti važne informacije i znanje utkano u podatke, uvelike pridonoseći donošenju odluka, poslovanju i znanosti.» Proces rudarenja ne može izvršiti samo 1 osoba jer se on sastoji od više faza, točnije 3.<br /> <b>1. tzv. Problemska faza</b> odnosno odabir i definiranje problema, procjena zadnjeg te primjena znanja. Te zadatke obavlja korisnik.<br /> <b>2. Podatkovna faza</b>: sve vezano uz pripremu podataka za rudarenje; obavlja ju informatičar.<br /> <b>3. Metodološka faza</b> : sve od <a href="/w/index.php?title=Analize&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Analize (stranica ne postoji)">analize</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Selekcije&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selekcije (stranica ne postoji)">selekcije</a>, prezentacije do interpretacije rezultata.<br /> </p><p>Stručnjak za rudarenje podataka (eng.data miner) je osoba zadužena za zadatke koji obuhvaćaju treću i zadnju fazu procesa rudarenja. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rudarenje_podataka">Rudarenje podataka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Uredi odlomak: Rudarenje podataka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=2" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Rudarenje podataka"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rudarenje podataka je relativno novo polje računalne znanosti koje se bavi procesiranjem i izdvajanjem šablona (<i>uzoraka</i>) u velikim kompletima (<i>setovima</i>) podataka kombinirajući metode statistike, metode umjetne inteligencije i metode upravljanja bazama podataka. Što se samog naziva na engleskom tiče, <i>data mining</i>, postoji još nekoliko naziva, <i>KDD</i> (Knowledge Discovery in Databases), <i>CRM</i> (<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Customer_relationship_management">Customer Relationship Management</a>) ili <i>Database Intelligence</i>. Međutim, svi ti nazivi opisuju jednu stvar – korištenje svih mogućih alata kako bi se informacije dovele do najviše točke i iskoristile na najbolji način. Zahvaljujući nedavnim tehničkim napredcima u procesiranju podataka, povećanom kapacitetu memorija (više spremljenih podataka) i boljoj povezivosti računala, pretraživanje je podataka je postalo veoma važno. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Metode_pretraživanja_podataka"><span id="Metode_pretra.C5.BEivanja_podataka"></span>Metode pretraživanja podataka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Uredi odlomak: Metode pretraživanja podataka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=3" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Metode pretraživanja podataka"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Data mining je proces u kojem se koriste sljedeće metode kako bi se otkrili skriveni uzorci, <i>šablone podataka</i>: <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neural_network">neuronske mreže</a>(virtualne mreže uređene po uzoru na ljudski mozak, u kojima različiti dijelovi mreže istovremeno procesuiraju informacije, te „proučavaju i pamte“ prošle šablone, uzorke podataka), <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_clustering">grupiranje podataka</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_algorithms">genetski algoritmi</a> (kombiniranje određenih podataka kako bi se pronašlo rješenje za neki problem)iz 1950-ih, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decision_tree_learning">stablo odluke</a> (grafikoni koji prikazuju niz odluka i njihove moguće posljedice) iz 1960-ih te <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Support_vector_machines">potporni vektorski stroj</a> (svrštava unesene podatke u različite grupe, klase, onosno klasificira podatke) iz 1990-ih. Pretraživanje podataka bazirano na subjektu je metoda u kojoj se traže asocijacije između pojedinih podataka. Pretraživanje podataka se osniva na poznavanju, odnosno <i>predviđanju</i> ponašanja varijabli koje čine svaki podatak u bazi podataka. Još točnije, osniva se na poznavanju <i>parametara</i> varijabli (statistički podaci kao što su minimum, maksimum, standardna devijacija, itd.), te na znanju što svaka varijabla predstavlja u stvarnom svijetu, koje su varijable potencijalno korisne i kako se varijable u bazi podataka odnose međusobno. Jednomjerne, dvomjerne, višemjerne tehnike – i tablice i grafikoni – su tehnike kojese prvenstveno koriste. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Modeliranje_i_segmentacija">Modeliranje i segmentacija</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Uredi odlomak: Modeliranje i segmentacija" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=4" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Modeliranje i segmentacija"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ako su svi podaci jasni i razumljivi, i postoji stabilan i dovoljno velik broj varijabli, sljedeći korak bi trebalo biti modeliranje (logistička regresija ili neki drugi model), rangirajući podatke na osnovu sličnosti u kategoriji „<i>odgovor</i>“ ili pripisujući im doživotnu vrijednost ili „<i>loyalty</i>“ rezulat. Modeliranje može biti: model „odgovora“ (odaziva), model profit, loyalty model ili model doživotne vrijednosti. Segmentacija baze podataka (rastavljanje na dijelove) može biti veoma jednostavna, ali može biti o veoma kompleksna, bazirana na mnogo varijabli i optimizirana za pojedine <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Segment">segmente</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pretraživanje_uzoraka"><span id="Pretra.C5.BEivanje_uzoraka"></span>Pretraživanje uzoraka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Uredi odlomak: Pretraživanje uzoraka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=5" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Pretraživanje uzoraka"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_mining#Pattern_mining">„Pretraživanje uzoraka“</a> je metoda pretrage podataka koja se koristi za pronalaženje uzoraka podatka. U ovome kontekstu riječ „<i>uzorci</i>“ često znači „<i>pravila asocijacije</i>“. Prvotni motivi za traženje pravila asocijacija su proizašli iz želje da se analiziraju podaci o ponašanju kupaca iz jednog supermarketa kada je riječ o kupovanju njihovih proizvoda. Na primjer, jedno pravilo asocijacije „pivo⇒ čips (80%)“ govori da su 4 od 5 kupaca koji su kupili pivo također kupili i čips. Jedan od glavnih problema pri pretraživanju podataka jest što podaci koji se analiziraju ne moraju uvijek i predstavljati cijelu domenu, te stoga ne sadrže vezu s ostalim dijelovima domene. Zato se u pojedinim slučajevima veze između podataka kontroliraju ili uklanjaju. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Standardi_za_pretraživanje_podataka"><span id="Standardi_za_pretra.C5.BEivanje_podataka"></span>Standardi za pretraživanje podataka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Uredi odlomak: Standardi za pretraživanje podataka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=6" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Standardi za pretraživanje podataka"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bilo je pokušaja da se definiraju standardi za pretraživanje podataka, kao na primjer 1999.godine – <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Industry_Standard_Process_for_Data_Mining">CRISP-DM 1.0</a> (Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining) i 2004.godine – <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Data_Mining">JDM 1.0</a> (Java Data Mining standard), međutim ovi standardi su još uvijek u razvoju. Neovisno o ovim standardima, postoje još neki softveri kao <i>R language</i>, <i>Weka</i>, <i>KNIME</i>, <i>RapidMiner</i>, <i>jHepWork</i> i dr., koji su postali neformalni standardi za rad s procesima pretraživanja podataka. Naravno, svi ovi sustavi mogu unositi i iznositi modele u PMML-u (Predictive Model Markup Language), što omogućava standardan način predstavljanja modela pretraživanja podataka. PMML je jezik baziran na XML-u, a razvijen od strane DMG-a (Data Mining Group), neovisna grupa sastavljena od mnogo tvrtki koje se bave procesom pretraživanja podataka. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Konferencije_o_data_mining-u">Konferencije o data mining-u</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Uredi odlomak: Konferencije o data mining-u" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=7" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Konferencije o data mining-u"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>SIGKDD (Special Interest Group on Knowledge discovery and Data Mining) su još od 1989.godine održavali internacionalne godišnje konferencije i objavljivali informacije o pretraživanju podataka. 1999.godine su objavili akademski dnevnik pod naslovom <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kdd.org/explorations/issue.php?issue=current">„SIGKDD Explorations“</a>. Druge konferencije s temom pretraživanja podataka uključuju: <b>DMIN</b> – International Conference on Data Mining <b>DMKD</b> – problemi pri pretrazi na konferenciji Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery <b>ECDM</b> – European Conference on Data Mining <b>ECML-PKDD</b> – European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases <b>EDM</b> – International Conference on Educational Data Mining <b>ICDM</b> – IEEE International Conference on Data Mining <b>MLDM</b> – Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern Recognition <b>PAKDD</b> – The annual Pacific-Asia Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining <b>PAW</b> – Predictive Analytics World <b>SDM</b> – SIAM International Conference on Data Mining </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Faze_pretraživanja_podataka"><span id="Faze_pretra.C5.BEivanja_podataka"></span>Faze pretraživanja podataka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Uredi odlomak: Faze pretraživanja podataka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=8" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Faze pretraživanja podataka"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CRISP-DM (<a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross_Industry_Standard_Process_for_Data_Mining">Cross Industry Standard Process for Data Mining</a>) je model procesa pretraživanja podataka koji opisuje često korištene pristupe koje stručnjaci koriste kako bi riješili probleme pri pretraživanju. Opisuje se šest faza: <b>razumijevanje posla</b>, <b>razumijevanje podataka</b>, <b>priprema podataka</b>, <b>modeliranje</b>, <b>procjena</b> i <b>razvoj</b>. Neki drugi modeli procesa pretraživanja podataka opisuju tri faze: (1) pred-procesiranje,(2) pretraga podataka i (3)potvrda rezultata. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="(1)"><span id=".281.29"></span>(1)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Uredi odlomak: (1)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=9" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka (1)"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Pred-procesiranje</b> je nužno da bi se mogli analizirati različiti setovi (kompleti) podataka prije same pretrage. Prije nego što se <a href="/wiki/Algoritam" title="Algoritam">algoritmi</a> pretrage podataka mogu koristiti, mora se sastaviti set podataka koji će biti ciljani set. Budući da pretraživanje podataka može otkriti samo one uzorke, šablone koje već postoje, ciljani komplet podataka mora biti dovoljno velik da sadrži te šablone dok ostatak mora biti dovoljno sažet kako bi se mogao pronaći u odgovarajućem vremenu. Zajednički izvor podataka se naziva <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_warehouse"><i>„skladište podataka“</i></a>. Na kraju se brišu one šablone koje sadrže greške, koje ne dovode do traženog pojma ili dovode do podataka kojima nedostaju dijelovi. Skladište podataka može biti bilo koje veličine i stupnja kompleksnosti, ali glavno svojstvo kojim se odlikuje dobra kvaliteta skladišta jest brzina pristupa podacima (brzo ali i precizno izdvajanje i prikaz podataka) i mogućnost jednostavnog rukovanja podacima. Dobrim dizajnom skladišta podataka se povećava vrijednost baze podataka. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="(2)"><span id=".282.29"></span>(2)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Uredi odlomak: (2)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=10" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka (2)"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Samo pretraživanje podataka uključuje četriri vrste zadataka: <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_rule_learning"><b>učenje pravila asocijacije</b></a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cluster_analysis"><b>grupiranje</b></a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_classification"><b>klasifikacija</b></a> i <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_analysis"><b>regresija</b></a>. Pojasnimo malo zadatke: Učenje pravila asocijacije- potraga za vezom između varijabli. Na primjer, supermarket može odrediti koji se proizvodi često kupuju zajedno te iskoristi tu informaciju za marketniške svrhe (analiza kupovne košarice). Grupiranje- otkrivanje grupa i struktura u podacima koje su na neki način slične, bez da se koriste već poznate strukture u podacima. Klasifikacija- poopćavanje poznate strukture kako bi se ona mogla primijeniti na nove podatke. Na primjer, neki program <a href="/wiki/Elektroni%C4%8Dka_po%C5%A1ta" title="Elektronička pošta">elektroničke pošte</a> može pokušati klasificirati neku elektroničku poštu kao legitimnu ili kao bezvrijednu elektroničku poštu. Zajednički algoritmi uključuju: učenje drva spoznaje, najbližeg susjeda, naivnu klasifikaciju, neuralne mreže i potporni vektorski stroj. Regresija- pokušava se pronaći funkcija koja modelira podatke s najmanjom geškom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="(3)"><span id=".283.29"></span>(3)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Uredi odlomak: (3)" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=11" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka (3)"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Potvrda rezultata</b>- konačni korak uključuje provjeru i potvrdu uzoraka proizašlih iz algoritama pretrage podataka u većem setu podataka. Nisu svi uzorci nađeni algoritmima pretrage podataka nužno dobri. Naime, često algoritmi pretrage podataka pronađu uzorke prisutne u probnom setu podataka, koji nisu prisutni u općem setu podataka. Kako bi se ovaj problem riješio, koristi se <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Test_set"><i>test kompleta (seta)</i></a> podataka algoritmu nepoznatih od ranije pretrage podataka. Tako se naučeni uzorci primjenjuju u ovom testu a dobiveni rezultat se uspređuje sa željenim rezultatom. Na primjer, algoritam pretrage podataka koji pokušava prepoznati spam (neželjene sadržaje) od legitimne elektroničke pošte će se testirati na probnom setu elektroničke pošte. Naučeni uzorci će se primijeniti na testni set elektroničke pošte, koji nije algoritmu od ranije poznat. Preciznost tih uzoraka se tada može vidjeti po broju točno klasificirane elektroničke pošte. Ako naučeni uzorci ne zadovoljavaju željene standarde, tada je nužno napraviti ponovnu procjenu i promijeniti pretproces te pretragu podataka. Ako naučeni uzorci zadovoljavaju željene standarde, tada je zadnji korak interpretacija naučenih uzoraka i njihova pretvorba u znanje. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Čišćenje_podataka"><span id=".C4.8Ci.C5.A1.C4.87enje_podataka"></span>Čišćenje podataka</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Uredi odlomak: Čišćenje podataka" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=12" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Čišćenje podataka"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kvaliteta baze podataka ima direktan utjecaj na pretraživanje podataka iz baze. Većinom se čak i nakon <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_cleaning"><b>čišćenja baze</b></a> podataka ona sastoji od 20%-50% zastarjelih podataka, podataka s greškama, neupotpunjenih podataka, duplikata ili iz drugih razloga nekorisnih podataka. Da bi baza podataka bila najbolja što može biti, može se koristiti stohastički model sudjelovanja, koji rangira svaki pojedini podatak prema stvarnoj održivosti podatka, te briše ili restaurira podatke ovisno o njihovoj održivosti. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uporaba_u_dentalnoj_medicini">Uporaba u dentalnoj medicini</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Uredi odlomak: Uporaba u dentalnoj medicini" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=13" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Uporaba u dentalnoj medicini"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pretraživanje podataka se koristi u bioinformatici, genetčkim znanostima, medicini i obrazovanju. Međutim, da bismo demonstrirali pretraživanje podataka u dentalnoj medicini, prikazat ćemo jedno <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://analytics.ncsu.edu/sesug/2006/ST16_06.PDF"><b>istraživanje provedeno u SAD-u</b></a>. Cilj je demonstrirati uporabu linearnih modela, grupiranja, neuralnih mreža i stabla odluke pri istraživanju velikog, kompleksnog kompleta podataka. Naime, istražuju se informacije iz jedne velike dentalne klinike koristeći SAS i ArcGIS softver kako bi se došlo do zaključaka o cijeni dentalne skrbi. Ispituje se odnos učestalosti posjete stomatologu, potrebnih tretmana i suradnje pacijenta. Komplet podataka se sastoji od 30000 posjeta pacijenata. Istražuje se nedovoljna suradnja pacijenata. Jedna od poteškoća u određivanju pacijentove suradnje je definiranje (što spada pod suradnju?) i mjerenje (kako izmjeriti?) suradnje. Suradnja općemito podrazumijeva da se pacijnt pridržava date mu terapije, odnosno da redovito uzima propisane lijekove. Kad je riječ o dentalnoj medicini, suradnja pacijenta također podrazumijeva i redovite preventivne preglede, te naravno oralnu higijenu. Naglašeno je pacijentovo sudjelovanje u skrbi o vlastitom zdravlju;traženje stručne pomoći, redoviti pregledi, prihvaćanje preporuka o promjenama u životnom stilu i pravilno izvršavanje date terapije (da se ne propusti uzeti lijek na vrijeme, ne uzimati veću dozu lijeka od one koja je propisana...). Prvo što se treba napraviti jest definirati suradnju na osnovu podataka kojima se raspolaže. Učestalost posjeta se može vidjeti po datumima pregleda. Suradnja= β0+ β1*kod pacijent+ β2*klinika+ β3*kod tretman+ β4*kod raspored+ β5*demografija pacijenata+ β6*ulazna točka+ ε. Može se koristiti više usporedbi kako bi se odredilo koji doktori imaju veću suradnju svojih pacijenata. Kada se to odredi, onda se raspored liječničkih pregleda doktora s većom suradnjom pacijenata uspoređuje s rasporedom doktora s manjom suradnjom pacijenata kako bi se odredila razlika. Također se uspoređuje suradnja pacijenata po demografiji, uključujući i socijalni i ekonomski status pacijenta, koji će se odrediti ispitivanjem obrazovanja i novčanih prihoda pacijenata. Mogućnosti GIS-a (Geographic Information Systems) se mogu kombinirati s alatima pretrage podataka iz SAS-a kako bi se odredio odnos prostorne udaljenosti i suradnje. Prema podacima dobivenim iz istraživanja, treba se usporediti suradnja pacijenata s nižim i višim novčanim prihodima. Komplet podataka se sastoji od CPT (Current Procedure Terminology ) kodova za pacijente. Ovi kodovi su dio HIPAA-ove liste kodova koji se koriste za opisivanje zdravstvene skrbi. Ovi kodovi će nam omogućiti da grupiramo pacijente koristeći pretraživanje teksta tako da ispitamo asocijacije riječi koje postoje unutar CPT kodova. Ovaj postupak omogućuje smanjenje (redukciju) velikog broja podataka o pacijentima (tisuće) na mali konačni broj grupa (skupina) podataka o pacijentima, što konačno znači jednostavnije rukovanje velikim kompletom podataka. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Model_predviđanja_za_proširenost_karijesa"><span id="Model_predvi.C4.91anja_za_pro.C5.A1irenost_karijesa"></span>Model predviđanja za proširenost karijesa</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Uredi odlomak: Model predviđanja za proširenost karijesa" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=14" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Model predviđanja za proširenost karijesa"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Korištenjem <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jos.dent.nihon-u.ac.jp/journal/1/61.pdf"><b>modela predviđanja</b></a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140713212401/http://jos.dent.nihon-u.ac.jp/journal/1/61.pdf">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 13. srpnja 2014. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>) u pretraživanju podataka dobiveni su rezulatati koji govore da osobe s visokim MS razinama u slini imaju veće šanse za zubni karijes. Prisutnost S.mutans i S.sobrinus je mnogo više povezana s ranom pojavom karijesa nego prisutnost samo S.mutans. Prema tim rezultatima, MS i LB testovi bi trebali biti veoma korisni u predviđanju pojave karijesa. Prema ovom modelu predviđanja, pH <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva">sline</a> i spol su predvidljivi indikatori pojave zubnog karijesa. Također, povećana konzumacija slatkih pića je rizični indikator za zubni karijes kod djece. Metodologija pretraživanja podataka je općenito klasificirana u dvije skupine: nadzirane i nenadzirane metode. Za nenadzirane metode kao što je grupiranje i glavna analiza komponenti, cilj je otkriti poseban uzorak. Za nadzirane metode kao što je konvencionalna metoda regresije, neuralna mreža i stablo odluke, glavni cilj je predviđanje. Isto tako, zaključeno je da je za predviđanje bolje korištenje modela neuralne mreže od korištenja modela logističke regresije ili stabla odluke. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ciljevi_i_svrha">Ciljevi i svrha</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Uredi odlomak: Ciljevi i svrha" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=15" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Ciljevi i svrha"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Dental data mining</i>, odnosno pretraga podataka u svrhe <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dentistry">dentalne medicine</a>, je stvorena radi uštede vremena i novca, ali i za optimizaciju stomatoloških pregleda i liječenja pomoću održavanja digitalnih podataka o zdravstvenom stanju pacijenta uvijek u toku. U digitalnim podacima o zdravstvenom stanju pacijenta se koriste različiti kodovi kako bi se opisalo zdravstveno stanje. Zubni karijes i/ili plombe te liječenje navedenog se zabilježava, odnosno dokumentira različitim kodovima na razini površine zuba. Razvijeni program pretrage podataka „hvata“ određene ključne kodove iz statusa zabilježenog u podacima te proizvodi komplet podataka iz njih za daljnje analize. Te analize uključuju doživotno zdravlje svakog pojedinog zuba, vrijeme trajanja svake zubne restauracije (popravka) s obzirom na korištene materijale, tehnike... Analiza se može provoditi pojedinačno za svakog stomatologa. Sustav sadrži podatke za svako vrijeme trajanja svakog korištenog materijala kao i za vremena trajanja svih materijala bilo kojeg stomatologa koji koristi bilo koje digitalne podatke o zdravstvenom stanju svojih pacijenata. Kada se malene promjene u zdravlju zubi mogu rano dijagnosticirati i takozvani „rizični pacijenti“ se mogu brzo otkriti, tada se pažnja usmjerava na: preventivnu intervenciju, ponovno pozivanje pacijenata i objektivne mjere za analizu efikasnosti preventivne njege, te na kvalitetnu kontrolu tretmana. Kad je srednje i stvarno vrijeme trajanja nekog restauracijskog materijala određeno i nadzirano za svakog pojedninog stomatologa, tada je moguće provjeriti stvarnu kvalitetu dentalnih materijala na on-line način, odnosno putem interneta. Ovo također pomaže da se isprave pogreške koje su napravili neki stomatolozi koji su možda krivo upotrijebili neki materijal. </p><p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Izvori">Izvori</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Uredi odlomak: Izvori" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>uredi</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rudarenje_podataka&action=edit&section=16" title="Uredi kôd odjeljka Izvori"><span>uredi kôd</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://jos.dent.nihon-u.ac.jp/journal/1/61.pdf">http://jos.dent.nihon-u.ac.jp/journal/1/61.pdf</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140713212401/http://jos.dent.nihon-u.ac.jp/journal/1/61.pdf">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 13. srpnja 2014. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://analytics.ncsu.edu/sesug/2006/ST16_06.PDF">http://analytics.ncsu.edu/sesug/2006/ST16_06.PDF</a></li> <li>Han, J., Kamber, M. Data Mining: Concepts and Techniques. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, 2001.</li> <li>Pyle, D. Business Modelling and Data Mining. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, San Francisco, 2003.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.skladistenje.com/jedan.asp?ID=433">http://www.skladistenje.com/jedan.asp?ID=433</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071022035518/http://www.skladistenje.com/jedan.asp?ID=433">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 22. listopada 2007. (<a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>)</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6541845">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">(srp.) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://raf.edu.rs/citaliste/racunarske-mreze/4756-xa-sta-je-to-big-data-sve-sto-treba-znati-xa">Računarski fakultet</a>  <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200222125144/https://raf.edu.rs/citaliste/racunarske-mreze/4756-xa-sta-je-to-big-data-sve-sto-treba-znati-xa">Arhivirana inačica izvorne stranice</a> od 22. veljače 2020. 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