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</option> <option value="carbon" > C </option> <option value="cancers" > Cancers </option> <option value="cardiogenetics" > Cardiogenetics </option> <option value="catalysts" > Catalysts </option> <option value="cells" > Cells </option> <option value="ceramics" > Ceramics </option> <option value="challenges" > Challenges </option> <option value="ChemEngineering" > ChemEngineering </option> <option value="chemistry" > Chemistry </option> <option value="chemproc" > Chemistry Proceedings </option> <option value="chemosensors" > Chemosensors </option> <option value="children" > Children </option> <option value="chips" > Chips </option> <option value="civileng" > CivilEng </option> <option value="cleantechnol" > Clean Technologies (Clean Technol.) </option> <option value="climate" > Climate </option> <option value="ctn" > Clinical and Translational Neuroscience (CTN) </option> <option value="clinbioenerg" > Clinical Bioenergetics </option> <option value="clinpract" > Clinics and Practice </option> <option value="clockssleep" > Clocks & Sleep </option> <option value="coasts" > Coasts </option> <option value="coatings" > Coatings </option> <option value="colloids" > Colloids and Interfaces </option> <option value="colorants" > Colorants </option> <option value="commodities" > Commodities </option> <option value="complications" > Complications </option> <option value="compounds" > Compounds </option> <option value="computation" > Computation </option> <option value="csmf" > Computer Sciences & Mathematics Forum </option> <option value="computers" > Computers </option> <option value="condensedmatter" > Condensed Matter </option> <option value="conservation" > Conservation </option> <option value="constrmater" > Construction Materials </option> <option value="cmd" > Corrosion and Materials Degradation (CMD) </option> <option value="cosmetics" > Cosmetics </option> <option value="covid" > COVID </option> <option value="crops" > Crops </option> <option value="cryo" > Cryo </option> <option value="cryptography" > Cryptography </option> <option value="crystals" > Crystals </option> <option value="cimb" > Current Issues in Molecular Biology (CIMB) </option> <option value="curroncol" > Current Oncology </option> <option value="dairy" > Dairy </option> <option value="data" > Data </option> <option value="dentistry" > Dentistry Journal </option> <option value="dermato" > Dermato </option> <option value="dermatopathology" > Dermatopathology </option> <option value="designs" > Designs </option> <option value="diabetology" > Diabetology </option> <option value="diagnostics" > Diagnostics </option> <option value="dietetics" > Dietetics </option> <option value="digital" > Digital </option> <option value="disabilities" > Disabilities </option> <option value="diseases" > Diseases </option> <option value="diversity" > Diversity </option> <option value="dna" > DNA </option> <option value="drones" > Drones </option> <option value="ddc" > Drugs and Drug Candidates (DDC) </option> <option value="dynamics" > Dynamics </option> <option value="earth" > Earth </option> <option value="ecologies" > Ecologies </option> <option value="econometrics" > Econometrics </option> <option value="economies" > Economies </option> <option value="education" > Education Sciences </option> <option value="electricity" > Electricity </option> <option value="electrochem" > Electrochem </option> <option value="electronicmat" > Electronic Materials </option> <option value="electronics" > Electronics </option> <option value="ecm" > Emergency Care and Medicine </option> <option value="encyclopedia" > Encyclopedia </option> <option value="endocrines" > Endocrines </option> <option value="energies" > Energies </option> <option value="esa" > Energy Storage and Applications (ESA) </option> <option value="eng" > Eng </option> <option value="engproc" > Engineering Proceedings </option> <option value="entropy" > Entropy </option> <option value="environsciproc" > Environmental Sciences Proceedings </option> <option value="environments" > Environments </option> <option value="epidemiologia" > Epidemiologia </option> <option value="epigenomes" > Epigenomes </option> <option value="ebj" > European Burn Journal (EBJ) </option> <option value="ejihpe" > European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education (EJIHPE) </option> <option value="fermentation" > Fermentation </option> <option value="fibers" > Fibers </option> <option value="fintech" > FinTech </option> <option value="fire" > Fire </option> <option value="fishes" > Fishes </option> <option value="fluids" > Fluids </option> <option value="foods" > Foods </option> <option value="forecasting" > Forecasting </option> <option value="forensicsci" > Forensic Sciences </option> <option value="forests" > Forests </option> <option value="fossstud" > Fossil Studies </option> <option value="foundations" > Foundations </option> <option value="fractalfract" > Fractal and Fractional (Fractal Fract) </option> <option value="fuels" > Fuels </option> <option value="future" > Future </option> <option value="futureinternet" > Future Internet </option> <option value="futurepharmacol" > Future Pharmacology </option> <option value="futuretransp" > Future Transportation </option> <option value="galaxies" > Galaxies </option> <option value="games" > Games </option> <option value="gases" > Gases </option> <option value="gastroent" > Gastroenterology Insights </option> <option value="gastrointestdisord" > Gastrointestinal Disorders </option> <option value="gastronomy" > Gastronomy </option> <option value="gels" > Gels </option> <option value="genealogy" > Genealogy </option> <option value="genes" > Genes </option> <option value="geographies" > Geographies </option> <option value="geohazards" > GeoHazards </option> <option value="geomatics" > Geomatics </option> <option value="geometry" > Geometry </option> <option value="geosciences" > Geosciences </option> <option value="geotechnics" > Geotechnics </option> <option value="geriatrics" > Geriatrics </option> <option value="glacies" > Glacies </option> <option value="gucdd" > Gout, Urate, and Crystal Deposition Disease (GUCDD) </option> <option value="grasses" > Grasses </option> <option value="hardware" > Hardware </option> <option value="healthcare" > Healthcare </option> <option value="hearts" > Hearts </option> <option value="hemato" > Hemato </option> <option value="hematolrep" > Hematology Reports </option> <option value="heritage" > Heritage </option> <option value="histories" > Histories </option> <option value="horticulturae" > Horticulturae </option> <option value="hospitals" > Hospitals </option> <option value="humanities" > Humanities </option> <option value="humans" > Humans </option> <option value="hydrobiology" > Hydrobiology </option> <option value="hydrogen" > Hydrogen </option> <option value="hydrology" > Hydrology </option> <option value="hygiene" > Hygiene </option> <option value="immuno" > Immuno </option> <option value="idr" > Infectious Disease Reports </option> <option value="informatics" > Informatics </option> <option value="information" > Information </option> <option value="infrastructures" > Infrastructures </option> <option value="inorganics" > Inorganics </option> <option value="insects" > Insects </option> <option value="instruments" > Instruments </option> <option value="iic" > Intelligent Infrastructure and Construction </option> <option value="ijerph" > International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH) </option> <option value="ijfs" > International Journal of Financial Studies (IJFS) </option> <option value="ijms" > International Journal of Molecular Sciences (IJMS) </option> <option value="IJNS" > International Journal of Neonatal Screening (IJNS) </option> <option value="ijpb" > International Journal of Plant Biology (IJPB) </option> <option value="ijt" > International Journal of Topology </option> <option value="ijtm" > International Journal of Translational Medicine (IJTM) </option> <option value="ijtpp" > International Journal of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power (IJTPP) </option> <option value="ime" > International Medical Education (IME) </option> <option value="inventions" > Inventions </option> <option value="IoT" > IoT </option> <option value="ijgi" > ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information (IJGI) </option> <option value="J" > J </option> <option value="jal" > Journal of Ageing and Longevity (JAL) </option> <option value="jcdd" > Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease (JCDD) </option> <option value="jcto" > Journal of Clinical & Translational Ophthalmology (JCTO) </option> <option value="jcm" > Journal of Clinical Medicine (JCM) </option> <option value="jcs" > Journal of Composites Science (J. Compos. Sci.) </option> <option value="jcp" > Journal of Cybersecurity and Privacy (JCP) </option> <option value="jdad" > Journal of Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease (JDAD) </option> <option value="jdb" > Journal of Developmental Biology (JDB) </option> <option value="jeta" > Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Analyses (JETA) </option> <option value="jfb" > Journal of Functional Biomaterials (JFB) </option> <option value="jfmk" > Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology (JFMK) </option> <option value="jof" > Journal of Fungi (JoF) </option> <option value="jimaging" > Journal of Imaging (J. Imaging) </option> <option value="jintelligence" > Journal of Intelligence (J. Intell.) </option> <option value="jlpea" > Journal of Low Power Electronics and Applications (JLPEA) </option> <option value="jmmp" > Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing (JMMP) </option> <option value="jmse" > Journal of Marine Science and Engineering (JMSE) </option> <option value="jmahp" > Journal of Market Access & Health Policy (JMAHP) </option> <option value="jmp" > Journal of Molecular Pathology (JMP) </option> <option value="jnt" > Journal of Nanotheranostics (JNT) </option> <option value="jne" > Journal of Nuclear Engineering (JNE) </option> <option value="ohbm" > Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, Hearing and Balance Medicine (JOHBM) </option> <option value="jop" > Journal of Parks </option> <option value="jpm" > Journal of Personalized Medicine (JPM) </option> <option value="jpbi" > Journal of Pharmaceutical and BioTech Industry (JPBI) </option> <option value="jor" > Journal of Respiration (JoR) </option> <option value="jrfm" > Journal of Risk and Financial Management (JRFM) </option> <option value="jsan" > Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks (JSAN) </option> <option value="joma" > Journal of the Oman Medical Association (JOMA) </option> <option value="jtaer" > Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research (JTAER) </option> <option value="jvd" > Journal of Vascular Diseases (JVD) </option> <option value="jox" > Journal of Xenobiotics (JoX) </option> <option value="jzbg" > Journal of Zoological and Botanical Gardens (JZBG) </option> <option value="journalmedia" > Journalism and Media </option> <option value="kidneydial" > Kidney and Dialysis </option> <option value="kinasesphosphatases" > Kinases and Phosphatases </option> <option value="knowledge" > Knowledge </option> <option value="labmed" > LabMed </option> <option value="laboratories" > Laboratories </option> <option value="land" > Land </option> <option value="languages" > Languages </option> <option value="laws" > Laws </option> <option value="life" > Life </option> <option value="limnolrev" > Limnological Review </option> <option value="lipidology" > Lipidology </option> <option value="liquids" > Liquids </option> <option value="literature" > Literature </option> <option value="livers" > Livers </option> <option value="logics" > Logics </option> <option value="logistics" > Logistics </option> <option value="lubricants" > Lubricants </option> <option value="lymphatics" > Lymphatics </option> <option value="make" > Machine Learning and Knowledge Extraction (MAKE) </option> <option value="machines" > Machines </option> <option value="macromol" > Macromol </option> <option value="magnetism" > Magnetism </option> <option value="magnetochemistry" > Magnetochemistry </option> <option value="marinedrugs" > Marine Drugs </option> <option value="materials" > Materials </option> <option value="materproc" > Materials Proceedings </option> <option value="mca" > Mathematical and Computational Applications (MCA) </option> <option value="mathematics" > Mathematics </option> <option value="medsci" > Medical Sciences </option> <option value="msf" > Medical Sciences Forum </option> <option value="medicina" > Medicina </option> <option value="medicines" > Medicines </option> <option value="membranes" > Membranes </option> <option value="merits" > Merits </option> <option value="metabolites" > Metabolites </option> <option value="metals" > Metals </option> <option value="meteorology" > Meteorology </option> <option value="methane" > Methane </option> <option value="mps" > Methods and Protocols (MPs) </option> <option value="metrics" > Metrics </option> <option value="metrology" > Metrology </option> <option value="micro" > Micro </option> <option value="microbiolres" > Microbiology Research </option> <option value="micromachines" > Micromachines </option> <option value="microorganisms" > Microorganisms </option> <option value="microplastics" > Microplastics </option> <option value="minerals" > Minerals </option> <option value="mining" > Mining </option> <option value="modelling" > Modelling </option> <option value="mmphys" > Modern Mathematical Physics </option> <option value="molbank" > Molbank </option> <option value="molecules" > Molecules </option> <option value="mti" > Multimodal Technologies and Interaction (MTI) </option> <option value="muscles" > Muscles </option> <option value="nanoenergyadv" > Nanoenergy Advances </option> <option value="nanomanufacturing" > Nanomanufacturing </option> <option value="nanomaterials" > Nanomaterials </option> <option value="ndt" > NDT </option> <option value="network" > Network </option> <option value="neuroglia" > Neuroglia </option> <option value="neurolint" > Neurology International </option> <option value="neurosci" > NeuroSci </option> <option value="nitrogen" > Nitrogen </option> <option value="ncrna" > Non-Coding RNA (ncRNA) </option> <option value="nursrep" > Nursing Reports </option> <option value="nutraceuticals" > Nutraceuticals </option> <option value="nutrients" > Nutrients </option> <option value="obesities" > Obesities </option> <option value="oceans" > Oceans </option> <option value="onco" > Onco </option> <option value="optics" > Optics </option> <option value="oral" > Oral </option> <option value="organics" > Organics </option> <option value="organoids" > Organoids </option> <option value="osteology" > Osteology </option> <option value="oxygen" > Oxygen </option> <option value="parasitologia" > Parasitologia </option> <option value="particles" > Particles </option> <option value="pathogens" > Pathogens </option> <option value="pathophysiology" > Pathophysiology </option> <option value="pediatrrep" > Pediatric Reports </option> <option value="pets" > Pets </option> <option value="pharmaceuticals" > Pharmaceuticals </option> <option value="pharmaceutics" > Pharmaceutics </option> <option value="pharmacoepidemiology" > Pharmacoepidemiology </option> <option value="pharmacy" > Pharmacy </option> <option value="philosophies" > Philosophies 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Med.) </option> <option value="resources" > Resources </option> <option value="rheumato" > Rheumato </option> <option value="risks" > Risks </option> <option value="robotics" > Robotics </option> <option value="ruminants" > Ruminants </option> <option value="safety" > Safety </option> <option value="sci" > Sci </option> <option value="scipharm" > Scientia Pharmaceutica (Sci. Pharm.) </option> <option value="sclerosis" > Sclerosis </option> <option value="seeds" > Seeds </option> <option value="sensors" > Sensors </option> <option value="separations" > Separations </option> <option value="sexes" > Sexes </option> <option value="signals" > Signals </option> <option value="sinusitis" > Sinusitis </option> <option value="smartcities" > Smart Cities </option> <option value="socsci" > Social Sciences </option> <option value="siuj" > Soci茅t茅 Internationale d鈥橴rologie Journal (SIUJ) </option> <option value="societies" > Societies </option> <option value="software" > Software </option> <option value="soilsystems" > Soil Systems </option> <option value="solar" > Solar </option> <option value="solids" > Solids </option> <option value="spectroscj" > Spectroscopy Journal </option> <option value="sports" > Sports </option> <option value="standards" > Standards </option> <option value="stats" > Stats </option> <option value="stresses" > Stresses </option> <option value="surfaces" > Surfaces </option> <option value="surgeries" > Surgeries </option> <option value="std" > Surgical Techniques Development </option> <option value="sustainability" > Sustainability </option> <option value="suschem" > Sustainable Chemistry </option> <option value="symmetry" > Symmetry </option> <option value="synbio" > SynBio </option> <option value="systems" > Systems </option> <option value="targets" > Targets </option> <option value="taxonomy" > Taxonomy </option> <option value="technologies" > Technologies </option> <option value="telecom" > Telecom </option> <option value="textiles" > Textiles </option> <option value="thalassrep" > Thalassemia Reports </option> <option value="therapeutics" > Therapeutics </option> <option value="thermo" > Thermo </option> <option value="timespace" > Time and Space </option> <option value="tomography" > Tomography </option> <option value="tourismhosp" > Tourism and Hospitality </option> <option value="toxics" > Toxics </option> 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value="women" > Women </option> <option value="world" > World </option> <option value="wevj" > World Electric Vehicle Journal (WEVJ) </option> <option value="youth" > Youth </option> <option value="zoonoticdis" > Zoonotic Diseases </option> </select> </div> <div class="large-2 medium-2 small-6 columns "> <div class=""> <div class="search-input-label">Article Type</div> </div> <select id="article_type" tabindex="4" name="article_type" class="chosen-select"> <option value="">All Article Types</option> <option value="research-article">Article</option> <option value="review-article">Review</option> <option value="rapid-communication">Communication</option> <option value="editorial">Editorial</option> <option value="abstract">Abstract</option> <option value="book-review">Book Review</option> <option value="brief-communication">Brief Communication</option> <option value="brief-report">Brief Report</option> <option value="case-report">Case Report</option> <option 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Based in Basel, Switzerland, MDPI has the mission to foster open scientific exchange in all forms, across all disciplines.</p> <p>Our 455 diverse and open access journals, including 446 peer-reviewed journals and 9 conference journals, are supported by more than 295,000 academic experts who share our mission, values, and commitment to providing high-quality service for our authors. We serve scholars from around the world to ensure the latest research is freely available and all content is distributed under a <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer">Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY)</a>.</p> <p>MDPI's portfolio comprises at least 237 journals with impact factors, 72% of which are ranked in the top 2 quartiles of their respective fields. To view the current impact factors for MDPI journals (according to the <a href="https://jcr.clarivate.com/jcr/home?app=jcr&Init=Yes&authCode=null&SrcApp=IC2LS" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer">Journal Citation Reports</a>), please visit our yearly announcement page <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/announcements/8686">here</a>.</p> <p>With additional offices in Beijing, Wuhan, Tianjin and Nanjing (China), Barcelona (Spain), Belgrade and Novi Sad (Serbia), Manchester (UK), Tokyo (Japan), Cluj and Bucharest (Romania), Toronto (Canada), Kraków (Poland), Singapore (Singapore), Bangkok (Thailand) and Seoul (Republic of Korea), MDPI has published the research of more than 330,000 individual authors and our journals receive more than 25 million monthly webpage views.</p> <a name='More_Information_about_MDPI'></a><h2>More Information about MDPI</h2> <div id="more-information-about-mdpi"> <a href="https://res.mdpi.com/data/2023_annual_report_mdpi.pdf?v03" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/2023.png"> </a> <a href="https://res.mdpi.com/data/mdpi.pdf?v02" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/mdpi.png?v=05"> </a> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/data/society.pdf?v=09" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/society.png?v=07"> </a> <a href="https://res.mdpi.com/data/jams.pdf?v02" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/jams.png"> </a> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/data/books.pdf?v02" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/books.png?240212"> </a> <a href="https://res.mdpi.com/data/sciforum.pdf?v03" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/sciforum.png?240212"> </a> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/data/scilit.pdf?v03" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/scilit.png?v=07"> </a> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/data/ioap.pdf?v03" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/ioap.png?v=07"> </a> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/data/preprints.pdf?v02" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/preprints.png?v01"> </a> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/data/proceedings-web.pdf?v02" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/proceedings.png?v=07"> </a> <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/data/encyclopedia-web.pdf?v03" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/encyclopedia.png?v=07"> </a> <a href="https://res.mdpi.com/data/2022_annual_report_mdpi.pdf?v02" style="max-width: 156px; max-height: 232px; margin-right: 40px"> <img src="/data/2022.png?220323"> </a> </div> <a href="/about/annual-reports">View all annual reports of MDPI</a> <a name='Indexing_of_MDPI_Journals'></a><h2>Indexing of MDPI Journals</h2> <p>At MDPI, we aim to continuously expand coverage of our publications within the following main academic databases: </p><ul> <li><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/journals/scopus">Scopus</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/journals/wos">Web of Science</a></li> <li><a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/journals/pmc">PMC</a>, <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/journals/pubmed">PubMed</a>, and <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/journals/medline">MEDLINE</a></li> </ul> <p>In addition to the main databases, we also focus on ensuring coverage of our journals within as many scope-specific databases as possible, in order to increase visibility for our authors, and further disseminate their impactful data. Moreover, we also work with various universities and government organizations, to ensure that our journals are listed within country-specific journal ranking lists that are often required by funders or institutions for authors to publish with a journal.</p> <p>Furthermore, all MDPI journals are digitally preserved cover-to-cover, by the <a href="https://www.nb.admin.ch/snl/en/home/information-professionals/e-helvetica/e-helvetica-uebersicht.html" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer">Swiss National Library</a> and <a href="https://clockss.org/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer">CLOCKSS</a>, ensuring long-term archival of all of our publications.</p> <a name='All_Content_Is_Open_Access_and_Free_for_Readers'></a><h2>All Content Is Open Access and Free for Readers</h2> <p>All content published in MDPI journals is fully open access, making it available for everyone to read free of charge. To be able to provide open access journals, we finance publication through <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/apc"><strong>article processing charges (APC</strong><strong>s</strong><strong>)</strong></a>; these are usually covered by the authors' institutes or research funding bodies. Read more about our <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/openaccess"><strong>open access policy</strong></a>.</p> <a name='MDPI_Publication_Ethics_Statement'></a><h2><a name="ethics"></a>MDPI Publication Ethics Statement</h2> <p>As a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (<a href="http://publicationethics.org/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"><strong>COPE</strong></a>), MDPI enforces a rigorous peer-review process and follows strict ethical policies and standards to ensure the publication of high-quality scientific works. Unfortunately, cases of plagiarism, data falsification, inappropriate authorship credit, and other errors and infractions do occur. MDPI takes such publishing ethics issues very seriously and our editors approach these cases with zero tolerance. To verify the originality of content submitted to our journals, we use <a href="https://www.ithenticate.com/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"><strong>iThenticate</strong></a> to check submissions against previous publications.</p> <a name='Memberships_and_Collaborations'></a><h2>Memberships and Collaborations</h2> <p>MDPI is a member of, or collaborates with, the following organizations</p> <p> <a class="member-link" href="http://oaspa.org/membership/members/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/oaspa.png" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="http://sparceurope.org" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/sparceurope.png" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="http://doaj.org" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/doaj_logo.jpg" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="http://publicationethics.org/members/publishers?name=MDPI" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/cope-2-.png" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="https://stm-assoc.org/who-we-are/stm-members/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://mdpi-res.com/data/stm-logo.png" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="https://www.sspnet.org/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/ssp-logo.png" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="http://orcid.org/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/inbox-8819.png" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="https://www.crossref.org/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/c-fakepath-crossref-logo-100-1-.png" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="https://www.alpsp.org/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/alpsp.png" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="https://www.clockss.org" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/img/LOCKSS-CLOCKSS/clockss.png?23a6bb844cc7b2d9" height="45px/"> </a> <a class="member-link" href="https://www.uksg.org/" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"> <img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/uksg.png" height="75px/"> </a> </p> <a name='MDPI_Is_Committed_to_the_UN_Global_Compact'></a><h2>MDPI Is Committed to the UN Global Compact</h2> <div> <a href="https://www.unglobalcompact.org/what-is-gc/mission/principles" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" rels="noopener noreferrer"><img src="https://www.mdpi.com/data/ungc-logo-vertical.png" style="float:right; width:20%; padding-left:5px"></a> <p> MDPI is a member of the <a href="https://www.unglobalcompact.org/what-is-gc/mission/principles" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"><strong>United Nations Global Compact</strong></a> to support corporate sustainability and is committed to the ten principles associated with the Compact. <br><br> Sustainability has always been at the core of MDPI’s values, starting with the collection and preservation of rare chemical samples that started in 1996 and led to the first journal, <em>Molecules</em>. <em>Sustainability</em> has become one of our flagship journals and we have supported and organized several conferences and events based on sustainability, including the <a href="http://sciforum.net/conference/wsf-6" target="_blank" rels="noopener noreferrer"><strong>6th World Sustainability Forum</strong></a>. As a global enterprise, it is our duty to promote responsible practices that will ensure a bright future for our planet. </p> </div> <a name='Mission_and_Values'></a><h2>Mission and Values</h2> <div> <p>As a pioneer in scholarly, open access publishing, MDPI has been serving the scientific community since 1996. Our aim is to foster scientific exchange in all forms, across all disciplines. MDPI's guidelines for disseminating open science are based on the following values and guiding principles:</p> <ul> <li>Open Access—All of our content is published in open access and distributed under a Creative Commons License, providing free access to science and the latest research, allowing articles to be freely shared and content to be re-used with proper attribution.</li> <li>Timeliness and Efficiency—Publishing the latest research through thorough editorial work, ensuring a first decision is provided to authors in under 18 days and papers are published in 4 days upon acceptance (median values for papers published in the first half of 2024).</li> <li>Simplicity—Offering user-friendly tools and services in one place to enhance the efficiency of our editorial process.</li> <li>High-Quality Service—Supporting scholars and their work by providing a range of options such as journal publication at mdpi.com, early publication at preprints.org, and conferences on sciforum.net to make a positive impact on research.</li> <li>Flexibility—Adapting and developing new tools and services to meet the changing needs of the research community, driven by feedback from authors, editors, and readers.</li> <li>Rooted in Sustainability—Ensuring long-term preservation of published papers and supporting the future of science through partnerships, sponsorships, and awards.</li> </ul> <p>By adhering to these values and principles, MDPI remains committed to advancing scientific knowledge and promoting open science practices.</p> </div> <a name='Brief_History_of_MDPI'></a><h2>Brief History of MDPI</h2> <p>Read more about the <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/history"><strong>History of MDPI</strong></a>.</p> <a name='MDPI_Response_to_Wikipedia_Article'></a><h2>MDPI Response to Wikipedia Article</h2> <p>Read more about the <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/about/announcements/1558"><strong>MDPI response to Wikipedia Article</strong></a>.</p><script>(function(){function c(){var 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