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href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinepazid" title="Cinepazid – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Cinepazid" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinepazid" title="Cinepazid – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Cinepazid" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5120864#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .dark_mode_safe img{background-color:var(--background-color-inverted,#f8f9fa)}}</style> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="border-spacing:2px;"><caption class="infobox-title"><span title="International nonproprietary name (INN): Cinepazide">Cinepazide</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size dark_mode_safe" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cinepazide.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Cinepazide.svg/220px-Cinepazide.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Cinepazide.svg/330px-Cinepazide.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/Cinepazide.svg/440px-Cinepazide.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="201" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Clinical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Anatomical_Therapeutic_Chemical_Classification_System" title="Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System">ATC code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATC_code_C04" title="ATC code C04">C04AX27</a> (<span title="www.whocc.no"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whocc.no/atc_ddd_index/?code=C04AX27">WHO</a></span>) </li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Identifiers</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/IUPAC_nomenclature_of_chemistry" title="IUPAC nomenclature of chemistry">IUPAC name</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; text-indent:-1.5em;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="font-size: 97%;">(2<i>E</i>)-1-{4-[2-Oxo-2-(1-pyrrolidinyl)ethyl]-1-piperazinyl}-3-(3,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl)-2-propen-1-one</div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CAS_Registry_Number" title="CAS Registry Number">CAS Number</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="commonchemistry.cas.org"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=23887-46-9">23887-46-9</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/PubChem#CID" title="PubChem">PubChem</a> <span style="font-weight:normal"><abbr title="Compound ID">CID</abbr></span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5282459">5282459</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.chemspider.com"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.4445611.html">4445611</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Unique_Ingredient_Identifier" title="Unique Ingredient Identifier">UNII</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="precision.fda.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://precision.fda.gov/uniisearch/srs/unii/67Y4P5C84X">67Y4P5C84X</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ChEMBL" title="ChEMBL">ChEMBL</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="www.ebi.ac.uk"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/ChEMBL1874750">ChEMBL1874750</a></span><sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/CompTox_Chemicals_Dashboard" title="CompTox Chemicals Dashboard">CompTox Dashboard</a> <span style="font-weight:normal">(<abbr title="U.S. Environmental Protection Agency">EPA</abbr>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="comptox.epa.gov"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID5048261,">DTXSID901112229 DTXSID5048261, DTXSID901112229</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5120864#P3117" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard" class="mw-redirect" title="ECHA InfoCard"><span title="echa.europa.eu">ECHA InfoCard</span></a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://echa.europa.eu/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.041.739">100.041.739</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5120864#P2566" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddd;color:inherit;">Chemical and physical data</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Chemical_formula" title="Chemical formula">Formula</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span title="Carbon">C</span><sub>22</sub><span title="Hydrogen">H</span><sub>31</sub><span title="Nitrogen">N</span><sub>3</sub><span title="Oxygen">O</span><sub>5</sub></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Molar_mass" title="Molar mass">Molar mass</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002417506000000000♠"></span>417.506</span> g·mol<sup>−1</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.2em;">3D model (<a href="/wiki/JSmol" class="mw-redirect" title="JSmol">JSmol</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><span title="chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chemapps.stolaf.edu/jmol/jmol.php?model=O%3DC%28N1CCCC1%29CN3CCN%28C%28%3DO%29%5CC%3DC%5Cc2cc%28OC%29c%28OC%29c%28OC%29c2%29CC3">Interactive image</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/Simplified_molecular-input_line-entry_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Simplified molecular-input line-entry system">SMILES</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">O=C(N1CCCC1)CN3CCN(C(=O)\C=C\c2cc(OC)c(OC)c(OC)c2)CC3</div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div><a href="/wiki/International_Chemical_Identifier" title="International Chemical Identifier">InChI</a></div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0; word-break:break-all;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">InChI=1S/C22H31N3O5/c1-28-18-14-17(15-19(29-2)22(18)30-3)6-7-20(26)25-12-10-23(11-13-25)16-21(27)24-8-4-5-9-24/h6-7,14-15H,4-5,8-13,16H2,1-3H3/b7-6+<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></div></li><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><div style="word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:97%; line-height:120%;">Key:RCUDFXMNPQNBDU-VOTSOKGWSA-N<sup> <span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span></sup></div></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold"> <sup><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="☒" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/7px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="8" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/11px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/14px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">N</span><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="check" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/7px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/11px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/14px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></span></span><span style="display:none">Y</span></sup> <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:WikiProject_Chemicals/Chembox_validation" title="Wikipedia:WikiProject Chemicals/Chembox validation">(what is this?)</a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488" /><span class="nobold">  <span class="reflink plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ComparePages&rev1=447331147&page2=Cinepazide">(verify)</a></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Cinepazide</b> or <b>cinepazide maleate</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<b>Kelinao</b> or <b>Anjieli</b> in China<sup id="cite_ref-drugs.com_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugs.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bocom_Int_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bocom_Int-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>) is a <a href="/wiki/Vasodilator" class="mw-redirect" title="Vasodilator">vasodilator</a> used in China for the treatment of cardiovascular and <a href="/wiki/Cerebrovascular_diseases" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerebrovascular diseases">cerebrovascular diseases</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Peripheral_vascular_diseases" class="mw-redirect" title="Peripheral vascular diseases">peripheral vascular diseases</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It appears to work by potentiating A2 <a href="/wiki/Adenosine_receptors" class="mw-redirect" title="Adenosine receptors">adenosine receptors</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid1876708_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid1876708-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinepazide&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cinepazide was discovered by scientists at Laboratoires Delalande (now part of <a href="/wiki/Sanofi" title="Sanofi">Sanofi</a>) in 1969 in an effort to explore useful substituted <a href="/wiki/Cinnamoyl" class="mw-redirect" title="Cinnamoyl">cinnamoyl</a>-<a href="/wiki/Piperazine" title="Piperazine">piperazine</a> compounds.<sup id="cite_ref-Sun_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-pmid997590_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid997590-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The drug, in the form of a pill taken orally, was launched by Delalande in 1976 under the tradename Vasodistal, for treatment of <a href="/wiki/Heart_failure" title="Heart failure">heart failure</a>, <a href="/wiki/Balance_disorders" class="mw-redirect" title="Balance disorders">balance disorders</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cerebrovascular_disease" title="Cerebrovascular disease">cerebrovascular disease</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Vascular_disease" title="Vascular disease">vascular complications of diabetes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Sun_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sun-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Reactions_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reactions-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1988 the drug was withdrawn from the market in Spain due to risk of <a href="/wiki/Agranulocytosis" title="Agranulocytosis">agranulocytosis</a>; other countries where the drug was available added warnings to the label.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid2344862_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid2344862-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was withdrawn from the market in France in 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The drug had also been marketed in Japan by <a href="/wiki/Daiichi_Sankyo" title="Daiichi Sankyo">Daiichi Pharmeceutical Company</a> under the brand name "Brindel"<sup id="cite_ref-drugs.com_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drugs.com-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for dementia, but was withdrawn in 1999, following a review by the Japanese regulatory authorities of dementia drugs after a drug, <a href="/wiki/Hopantenic_acid" title="Hopantenic acid">calcium hopantenate</a>, that had been considered the standard of care and against which cinepazide and other dementia drugs had been compared, had failed to demonstrate efficacy in a re-evaluation.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid21851448_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid21851448-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002 <a href="/wiki/Sihuan_Pharmaceutical" title="Sihuan Pharmaceutical">Sihuan Pharmaceutical</a> brought an injectable form of the drug to market in China;<sup id="cite_ref-Suisse_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suisse-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sihuan had acquired the drug from a military hospital in China that had developed the formulation.<sup id="cite_ref-SCB_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCB-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010 it was the highest selling drug in China, with about 1 billion RMB in sales in the 3rd quarter, outselling <a href="/wiki/Plavix" class="mw-redirect" title="Plavix">Plavix</a> in China.<sup id="cite_ref-Suisse_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Suisse-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Bocom_Int_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bocom_Int-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This made Sihuan Pharm the largest company in China in the cardio-cerebral vascular drug market in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-Bocom_Int_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bocom_Int-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2014 it was the tenth highest-selling drug in China.<sup id="cite_ref-SCB_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SCB-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cinepazide&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.biocentury.com/products/anjieli">"Anjieli, Kelinao, cinepazide maleate - Product Profile - BioCentury"</a>. <i>www.biocentury.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Vol. 36. pp. <span class="nowrap">117–</span>360. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007%2F978-3-0348-7136-5_4">10.1007/978-3-0348-7136-5_4</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-0348-7138-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-0348-7138-9"><bdi>978-3-0348-7138-9</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1876708">1876708</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Drug+receptors+and+control+of+the+cardiovascular+system%3A+Recent+advances&rft.btitle=Progress+in+Drug+Research+%2F+Fortschritte+der+Arzneimittelforschung+%2F+Progr%C3%A8s+des+recherches+pharmaceutiques&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E117-%3C%2Fspan%3E360&rft.date=1991&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F1876708&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1007%2F978-3-0348-7136-5_4&rft.isbn=978-3-0348-7138-9&rft.aulast=Ruffolo&rft.aufirst=RR&rft.au=Hieble%2C+JP&rft.au=Brooks%2C+DP&rft.au=Feuerstein%2C+GZ&rft.au=Nichols%2C+AJ&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtWT0BwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA304&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACinepazide" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">|journal=</code> ignored (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#periodical_ignored" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sun-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sun_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sun_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Johnson Sun for Guotai Junan International. 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Wolfe, M.D. for the Public Citizen's Health Research Group. February 2, 1995. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.citizen.org/documents/1360.pdf">Differences in the Number of Drug Safety Withdrawals: United States, United Kingdom, Germany and France 1970-1992</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pmid21851448-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pmid21851448_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTakedaTanakaOkochi2011" class="citation journal cs1">Takeda M, Tanaka T, Okochi M (August 2011). 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October 6, 2011 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doc.research-and-analytics.csfb.com/docView?language=ENG&source=ulg&format=PDF&document_id=917625241&serialid=jeGG48ExOvdMDxhWCQXH2AnbdTfWWpDCCuIE71n2tDU%3D">China Pharma Sector</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SCB-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-SCB_14-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-SCB_14-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Su Zhang for Standard Chartered Bank (HK) Limited. June 27, 2014 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.fullertreacymoney.com/system/data/files/PDFs/2014/July/4th/China%20Healthcare.pdf">China health care: Pharma sector comes of age</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Non-selective <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buflomedil" title="Buflomedil">Buflomedil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phentolamine" title="Phentolamine">Phentolamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phenoxybenzamine" title="Phenoxybenzamine">Phenoxybenzamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tolazoline" title="Tolazoline">Tolazoline</a></li></ul></li> <li>Selective <a href="/wiki/Alpha-1_blocker" title="Alpha-1 blocker">α<sub>1</sub>-blockers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfuzosin" title="Alfuzosin">Alfuzosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doxazosin" title="Doxazosin">Doxazosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prazosin" title="Prazosin">Prazosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silodosin" title="Silodosin">Silodosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamsulosin" title="Tamsulosin">Tamsulosin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terazosin" title="Terazosin">Terazosin</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Nicotinic acid and derivatives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicotinic_acid" title="Nicotinic acid">Nicotinic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicotinyl_alcohol" title="Nicotinyl alcohol">Nicotinyl alcohol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inositol_nicotinate" title="Inositol nicotinate">Inositol nicotinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciclonicate" title="Ciclonicate">Ciclonicate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Purine" title="Purine">Purine derivatives</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pentifylline" title="Pentifylline">Pentifylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xantinol_nicotinate" class="mw-redirect" title="Xantinol nicotinate">Xantinol nicotinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentoxifylline" title="Pentoxifylline">Pentoxifylline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etofylline_nicotinate" title="Etofylline nicotinate">Etofylline nicotinate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ergot" title="Ergot">Ergot alkaloids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ergoloid" title="Ergoloid">Ergoloid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicergoline" title="Nicergoline">Nicergoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihydroergocristine" title="Dihydroergocristine">Dihydroergocristine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other peripheral vasodilators</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyclandelate" title="Cyclandelate">Cyclandelate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vincamine" title="Vincamine">Vincamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moxisylyte" title="Moxisylyte">Moxisylyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bencyclane" title="Bencyclane">Bencyclane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vinburnine" title="Vinburnine">Vinburnine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulcotidil" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulcotidil">Sulcotidil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naftidrofuryl" title="Naftidrofuryl">Naftidrofuryl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butalamine" title="Butalamine">Butalamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visnadine" title="Visnadine">Visnadine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cetiedil" title="Cetiedil">Cetiedil</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cinepazide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ifenprodil" title="Ifenprodil">Ifenprodil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azapetine" title="Azapetine">Azapetine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasudil" title="Fasudil">Fasudil</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img 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