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border-bottom-width: 1px; font-size:95%; margin-bottom:1em; padding: 0.25em; overflow: hidden; word-break: break-word; word-wrap: break-word;" id="Vorlage_Dieser_Artikel"><div class="noviewer noresize" style="display: table-cell; padding-bottom: 0.2em; padding-left: 0.25em; padding-right: 1em; padding-top: 0.2em; vertical-align: middle;" id="bksicon" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/25px-Disambig-dark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/38px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Disambig-dark.svg/50px-Disambig-dark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="444" data-file-height="340" /></span></span></div> <div style="display: table-cell; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%;"> <div role="navigation"> Dieser Artikel erläutert die Staatsform Commonwealth, zu anderen Bedeutungen siehe <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(Begriffskl%C3%A4rung)" class="mw-disambig" title="Commonwealth (Begriffsklärung)">Commonwealth (Begriffsklärung)</a>.</div> </div></div> <table class="wikitable infobox infoboxstaat float-right floatright navigation-not-searchable" style="width:330px; font-size:90%; margin-top:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:1.4em; font-weight:bold;border-top-width:0px;"><small>1649–1653, 1659–1660:</small><br />Commonwealth England<br /><small>1653–1659:</small><br />Commonwealth England, Schottland und Irland </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; border-bottom-width:0px;"><small>1649–1653, 1659–1660:</small><br />Commonwealth of England<br /><small>1653–1659:</small><br />Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">1649–1660 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center;"> <table style="width:100%; border:none; margin:0; padding:0; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:60%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg/180px-Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg/270px-Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg/360px-Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="875" data-file-height="700" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td> <td style="width:40%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England,_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg/120px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="127" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg/180px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg/240px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="911" data-file-height="963" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </td></tr> <tr style="vertical-align:middle;"> <td><a href="#Flagge">Flagge (1651–1658)</a> </td> <td><a href="#Wappen">Wappen (1653–1660)</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:UK_of_Britain_%26_Ireland_in_Europe.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/UK_of_Britain_%26_Ireland_in_Europe.png/324px-UK_of_Britain_%26_Ireland_in_Europe.png" decoding="async" width="324" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/UK_of_Britain_%26_Ireland_in_Europe.png/486px-UK_of_Britain_%26_Ireland_in_Europe.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/UK_of_Britain_%26_Ireland_in_Europe.png/648px-UK_of_Britain_%26_Ireland_in_Europe.png 2x" data-file-width="1218" data-file-height="1245" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> Das Commonwealth in Europa (1653–1660) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Amtssprache" title="Amtssprache">Amtssprache</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Englische_Sprache" title="Englische Sprache">Englisch</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Hauptstadt" title="Hauptstadt">Hauptstadt</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Liste_der_Staatsformen_und_Regierungssysteme" title="Liste der Staatsformen und Regierungssysteme">Staats- und Regierungsform</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Republik" title="Republik">Republik</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Verfassung" title="Verfassung">Verfassung</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Instrument_of_Government&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Instrument of Government (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Instrument of Government</a> (1653–1657)<br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Humble_Petition_and_Advice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Humble Petition and Advice (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Humble Petition and Advice</a> (1657–1660) </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="width:12em; text-align:left;vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Staatsoberhaupt" title="Staatsoberhaupt">Staatsoberhaupt</a></b>, zugleich <b><a href="/wiki/Regierungschef" title="Regierungschef">Regierungschef</a></b> </td> <td>1653–1659: <a href="/wiki/Lordprotektor" title="Lordprotektor">Lordprotektor</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/W%C3%A4hrung" title="Währung">Währung</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pfund_Sterling" title="Pfund Sterling">Pfund Sterling</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b>Errichtung</b> </td> <td>1649 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Staat#Nachfolge_in_völkerrechtliche_Verträge_oder_Identität_eines_Staates" title="Staat">Vorgängergebilde</a></b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_England" title="Königreich England">Königreich England</a><br /><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_Irland" title="Königreich Irland">Königreich Irland</a><br /><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_Schottland" title="Königreich Schottland">Königreich Schottland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b><a href="/wiki/Staat#Nachfolge_in_völkerrechtliche_Verträge_oder_Identität_eines_Staates" title="Staat">Endpunkt</a></b> </td> <td>1660 </td></tr> <tr> <td class="ibleft" style="vertical-align:top;"><b>Abgelöst von</b> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_England" title="Königreich England">Königreich England</a><br /><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_Irland" title="Königreich Irland">Königreich Irland</a><br /><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_Schottland" title="Königreich Schottland">Königreich Schottland</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align:center; font-size:95%;"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Commonwealth_of_England_(1649_to_1653).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Commonwealth_of_England_%281649_to_1653%29.png/324px-Commonwealth_of_England_%281649_to_1653%29.png" decoding="async" width="324" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Commonwealth_of_England_%281649_to_1653%29.png/486px-Commonwealth_of_England_%281649_to_1653%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Commonwealth_of_England_%281649_to_1653%29.png/648px-Commonwealth_of_England_%281649_to_1653%29.png 2x" data-file-width="1218" data-file-height="1245" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> Das Commonwealth in Europa (1649–1653) </td></tr> </tbody></table><div style="display:none;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vorlage:Infobox_Staat/Wartung/NAME-DEUTSCH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Vorlage:Infobox Staat/Wartung/NAME-DEUTSCH (Seite nicht vorhanden)">Vorlage:Infobox Staat/Wartung/NAME-DEUTSCH</a></div> <p><b>Commonwealth of England</b> war die offizielle Bezeichnung der <a href="/wiki/Geschichte_Englands" title="Geschichte Englands">englischen</a> <a href="/wiki/Republik" title="Republik">Republik</a> von 1649 bis 1660. Das Commonwealth umfasste zunächst nur <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_England" title="Königreich England">England</a> (inklusive <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>), dann auch <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_Schottland" title="Königreich Schottland">Schottland</a> und <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nigreich_Irland" title="Königreich Irland">Irland</a>. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="de" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Inhaltsverzeichnis</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#Geschichte"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Geschichte</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Flagge"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Flagge</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Wappen"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Wappen</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Siehe_auch"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Siehe auch</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Quellen"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Quellen</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#Literatur"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Literatur</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#Weblinks"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">Weblinks</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geschichte">Geschichte</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Geschichte" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&action=edit&section=1" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Geschichte"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Am Ende des <a href="/wiki/Englischer_B%C3%BCrgerkrieg" title="Englischer Bürgerkrieg">englischen Bürgerkriegs</a> von 1642 bis 1648 wurde am 30. Januar 1649 König <a href="/wiki/Karl_I._(England)" title="Karl I. (England)">Karl I.</a> hingerichtet. Weitere knapp vier Monate später, am 19. Mai desselben Jahres, wurde mit dem <i>Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth</i> das Commonwealth eingeführt. Von Anfang an hatte sich <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell" title="Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a>, einer der Führer im Bürgerkrieg, hervorgetan. Er schlug royalistische Aufstände in <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCckeroberung_Irlands" title="Rückeroberung Irlands">Irland (1649)</a> und <a href="/wiki/Schottland_in_den_Kriegen_der_drei_K%C3%B6nigreiche#Der_Dritte_Bürgerkrieg" title="Schottland in den Kriegen der drei Königreiche">Schottland (1650/51)</a> nieder. Das Commonwealth hatte weder <a href="/wiki/House_of_Lords" title="House of Lords">Oberhaus</a> noch <a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6nig" title="König">König</a>, das <a href="/wiki/House_of_Commons_(Gro%C3%9Fbritannien)" class="mw-redirect" title="House of Commons (Großbritannien)">Unterhaus</a> wurde alleiniges „<a href="/wiki/Englisches_Parlament" title="Englisches Parlament">Parliament of England</a>“. Die drei höchsten Würdenträger waren der Parlamentssprecher, der Präsident des <a href="/wiki/New_Model_Army" title="New Model Army">Armee-</a> und der des Staatsrats (Council of State). Dieser Rat hatte die Regierung inne und wurde vom Parlament ernannt. </p><p>Die im April 1653 eingeführte Verfassung „Instrument of Government“ setzte Oliver Cromwell an die Spitze des Staatsrats. Er löste das <a href="/wiki/Rumpfparlament_(England)" title="Rumpfparlament (England)">Rumpfparlament</a> auf und nannte sich nun „Lord-Präsident“. Nach der Selbstauflösung des kurzlebigen „<a href="/wiki/Parlament_der_Heiligen" title="Parlament der Heiligen">Parlaments der Heiligen</a>“ übernahm er als „<a href="/wiki/Lordprotektor" title="Lordprotektor">Lordprotektor</a>“ allein die <a href="/wiki/Legislative" title="Legislative">Legislative</a>. </p><p>Die ihm 1657 mit der Verfassungsurkunde „Humble Petition and Advice“ angebotene Königswürde lehnte er ab und blieb bis zu seinem Tod 1658 Lordprotektor. Sein Sohn <a href="/wiki/Richard_Cromwell" title="Richard Cromwell">Richard Cromwell</a> übernahm den Titel Lordprotektor. Er konnte sich aber nicht durchsetzen und dankte schon am 25. Mai 1659 ab. Von nun an regierte wieder das Parlament. </p><p>1660 löste <a href="/wiki/George_Monck,_1._Duke_of_Albemarle" title="George Monck, 1. Duke of Albemarle">George Monck</a> das Parlament auf und setzte ein neues, königstreues ein. Am 8. Mai 1660 proklamierten die Abgeordneten <a href="/wiki/Karl_II._(England)" title="Karl II. (England)">Karl II.</a>, den Sohn des hingerichteten <a href="/wiki/Haus_Stuart" class="mw-redirect" title="Haus Stuart">Stuart</a>-Königs Karl I., zum König und beendeten damit die Zeit des Commonwealth of England. Karl II. kehrte aus seinem Exil am 29. Mai 1660 nach London zurück und übernahm die Herrschaft über das Land. Seine Krönung fand erst am 23. April 1661 in der <a href="/wiki/Westminster_Abbey" title="Westminster Abbey">Westminster Abbey</a> statt. </p><p>Als Landesname wurde <i>Commonwealth</i> auch von verschiedenen britischen Ex-Kolonien benutzt, heute noch von <a href="/wiki/Australien" title="Australien">Australien</a> (<i>Commonwealth of Australia</i>, deutsch „Australischer Bund“) und von <a href="/wiki/Commonwealth_(Bundesstaaten_der_Vereinigten_Staaten)" title="Commonwealth (Bundesstaaten der Vereinigten Staaten)">vier Bundesstaaten der USA</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Flagge">Flagge</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Flagge" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&action=edit&section=2" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Flagge"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_(1649-1651).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flagge (1649–1651): englisches Georgskreuz und irische Harfe"><img alt="Flagge (1649–1651): englisches Georgskreuz und irische Harfe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281649-1651%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281649-1651%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281649-1651%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281649-1651%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281649-1651%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281649-1651%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="875" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flagge (1649–1651): <a href="/wiki/Flagge_Englands" title="Flagge Englands">englisches Georgskreuz</a> und <a href="/wiki/Wappen_der_Republik_Irland" title="Wappen der Republik Irland">irische Harfe</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flagge (1651–1658): englisches Georgskreuz und schottisches Andreaskreuz"><img alt="Flagge (1651–1658): englisches Georgskreuz und schottisches Andreaskreuz" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg/120px-Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg/180px-Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg/240px-Flag_of_The_Commonwealth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="875" data-file-height="700" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flagge (1651–1658): englisches Georgskreuz und <a href="/wiki/Flagge_Schottlands" title="Flagge Schottlands">schottisches Andreaskreuz</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_(1658%E2%80%931660).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flagge (1658–1660): englisches Georgskreuz, schottisches Andreaskreuz und irische Harfe"><img alt="Flagge (1658–1660): englisches Georgskreuz, schottisches Andreaskreuz und irische Harfe" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281658%E2%80%931660%29.svg/120px-Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281658%E2%80%931660%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="72" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281658%E2%80%931660%29.svg/180px-Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281658%E2%80%931660%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281658%E2%80%931660%29.svg/240px-Flag_of_the_Commonwealth_%281658%E2%80%931660%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Flagge (1658–1660): englisches Georgskreuz, schottisches Andreaskreuz und irische Harfe</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Wappen">Wappen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Wappen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&action=edit&section=3" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Wappen"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wappen (1649–1653)"><img alt="Wappen (1649–1653)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="97" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="578" data-file-height="466" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wappen (1649–1653)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wappen (1649–1653)"><img alt="Wappen (1649–1653)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg/113px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="113" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg/170px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg/227px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="911" data-file-height="963" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wappen (1649–1653)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England,_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wappen (1653–1660)"><img alt="Wappen (1653–1660)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg/120px-Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg/180px-Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg/240px-Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="555" data-file-height="535" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wappen (1653–1660)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England,_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wappen (1653–1660)"><img alt="Wappen (1653–1660)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg/113px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="113" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg/170px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg/227px-Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Commonwealth_of_England%2C_Scotland_and_Ireland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="911" data-file-height="963" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wappen (1653–1660)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Datei:Arms_of_the_Protectorate_(1653%E2%80%931659).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wappen des Lordprotektors"><img alt="Wappen des Lordprotektors" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg/103px-Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="103" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg/154px-Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg/205px-Arms_of_the_Protectorate_%281653%E2%80%931659%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="471" data-file-height="550" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Wappen des Lordprotektors</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Siehe_auch">Siehe auch</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Siehe auch" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&action=edit&section=4" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Siehe auch"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Geschichte_der_Britischen_Inseln" title="Geschichte der Britischen Inseln">Geschichte der Britischen Inseln</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quellen">Quellen</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Quellen" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&action=edit&section=5" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Quellen"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="sisterproject" style="margin:0.1em 0 0 0;"><div class="noviewer" style="display:inline-block; line-height:10px; min-width:1.6em; text-align:center;" aria-hidden="true" role="presentation"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikisource"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div><b><a href="https://de.wikisource.org/wiki/en:An_Act_declaring_England_to_be_a_Commonwealth" class="extiw" title="s:en:An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth">Wikisource: An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth</a></b> – Quellen und Volltexte (englisch)</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Literatur">Literatur</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Literatur" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&action=edit&section=6" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Literatur"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_Godwin" title="William Godwin">William Godwin</a>: <i>History of the Commonwealth of England.</i> 4 Bände, H. Colburn, London 1824–28 (Bände <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofcommonw01godw/page/n6">1</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofcommonw02godw/page/n6">2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofcommonw03godw/page/n6">3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/historyofcommonw04godw/page/n6">4</a> bei archive.org).</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Weblinks">Weblinks</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Abschnitt bearbeiten: Weblinks" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>Bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&action=edit&section=7" title="Quellcode des Abschnitts bearbeiten: Weblinks"><span>Quelltext bearbeiten</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/interactive/timelines/british/index_embed.shtml">„British History Timeline“</a> der <a href="/wiki/British_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="British Broadcasting Corporation">BBC</a> (Flash-Animation, englisch)</li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Abgerufen von „<a dir="ltr" href="https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&oldid=240711558">https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commonwealth_of_England&oldid=240711558</a>“</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kategorien" title="Wikipedia:Kategorien">Kategorien</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Geschichte_Englands_in_der_Fr%C3%BChen_Neuzeit" title="Kategorie:Geschichte Englands in der Frühen Neuzeit">Geschichte Englands in der Frühen Neuzeit</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Oliver_Cromwell" title="Kategorie:Oliver Cromwell">Oliver Cromwell</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Gegr%C3%BCndet_1649" title="Kategorie:Gegründet 1649">Gegründet 1649</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Aufgel%C3%B6st_1660" title="Kategorie:Aufgelöst 1660">Aufgelöst 1660</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigationsmenü</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Meine Werkzeuge</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="Benutzerseite der IP-Adresse, von der aus du Änderungen durchführst">Nicht angemeldet</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Meine_Diskussionsseite" title="Diskussion über Änderungen von dieser IP-Adresse [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussionsseite</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spezial:Meine_Beitr%C3%A4ge" title="Eine Liste der Bearbeitungen, die von dieser IP-Adresse gemacht wurden [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Beiträge</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spezial:Benutzerkonto_anlegen&returnto=Commonwealth+of+England" title="Wir ermutigen dich dazu, ein Benutzerkonto zu erstellen und dich anzumelden. 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ареспублика – Abchasisch" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Англиа ареспублика" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abchasisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemenebes_van_Engeland" title="Gemenebes van Engeland – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Gemenebes van Engeland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D9%88%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AB_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A" title="الكومنولث الإنجليزي – Arabisch" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الكومنولث الإنجليزي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunid%C3%A1_d%27Inglaterra" title="Mancomunidá d'Inglaterra – Asturisch" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mancomunidá d'Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ngilt%C9%99r%C9%99_Respublikas%C4%B1" title="İngiltərə Respublikası – Aserbaidschanisch" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İngiltərə Respublikası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Aserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3_%D8%AA%D9%88%D9%92%D9%BE%D9%84%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88" title="اینگیلیس توْپلولوغو – Südaserbaidschanisch" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اینگیلیس توْپلولوغو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="Südaserbaidschanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D1%8D%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Англійская рэспубліка – Belarussisch" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Англійская рэспубліка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Английска република – Bulgarisch" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Английска република" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%A5" title="ইংল্যান্ডের কমনওয়েলথ – Bengalisch" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইংল্যান্ডের কমনওয়েলথ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengalisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_Engleske" title="Commonwealth Engleske – Bosnisch" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Commonwealth Engleske" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_d%27Anglaterra" title="Commonwealth d'Anglaterra – Katalanisch" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Commonwealth d'Anglaterra" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglick%C3%A1_republika" title="Anglická republika – Tschechisch" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Anglická republika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tschechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gwerinlywodraeth_Lloegr" title="Gwerinlywodraeth Lloegr – Walisisch" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Gwerinlywodraeth Lloegr" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Walisisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%BB%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Κοινοπολιτεία της Αγγλίας – Griechisch" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κοινοπολιτεία της Αγγλίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Griechisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England" title="Commonwealth of England – Englisch" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Commonwealth of England" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komunumo_de_Anglio" title="Komunumo de Anglio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Komunumo de Anglio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mancomunidad_de_Inglaterra" title="Mancomunidad de Inglaterra – Spanisch" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mancomunidad de Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inglise_vabariik" title="Inglise vabariik – Estnisch" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Inglise vabariik" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%87%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جمهوری انگلستان – Persisch" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمهوری انگلستان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_d%27Angleterre" title="Commonwealth d'Angleterre – Französisch" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Commonwealth d'Angleterre" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Französisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mieneb%C3%AAst_Ingel%C3%A2n" title="Mienebêst Ingelân – Westfriesisch" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Mienebêst Ingelân" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Westfriesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comhlathas_Shasana" title="Comhlathas Shasana – Irisch" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Comhlathas Shasana" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%94" title="חבר העמים של אנגליה – Hebräisch" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חבר העמים של אנגליה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebräisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_(dr%C5%BEava)" title="Commonwealth (država) – Kroatisch" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Commonwealth (država)" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persemakmuran_Inggris" title="Persemakmuran Inggris – Indonesisch" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Persemakmuran Inggris" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enska_samveldi%C3%B0" title="Enska samveldið – Isländisch" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Enska samveldið" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Isländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_d%27Inghilterra" title="Commonwealth d'Inghilterra – Italienisch" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Commonwealth d'Inghilterra" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italienisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B0%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="イングランド共和国 – Japanisch" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イングランド共和国" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%92%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%90" title="ინგლისის თანამეგობრობა – Georgisch" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ინგლისის თანამეგობრობა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9E%89%EA%B8%80%EB%9E%9C%EB%93%9C_%EA%B3%B5%ED%99%94%EA%B5%AD" title="잉글랜드 공화국 – Koreanisch" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="잉글랜드 공화국" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anglijas_Sadraudz%C4%ABba" title="Anglijas Sadraudzība – Lettisch" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Anglijas Sadraudzība" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Lettisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komanwel_England" title="Komanwel England – Malaiisch" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Komanwel England" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malaiisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engelse_Gemenebest" title="Engelse Gemenebest – Niederländisch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Engelse Gemenebest" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Niederländisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Det_engelske_samveldet" title="Det engelske samveldet – Norwegisch (Bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Det engelske samveldet" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegisch (Bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_d%27Anglat%C3%A8rra" title="Commonwealth d'Anglatèrra – Okzitanisch" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Commonwealth d'Anglatèrra" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Okzitanisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Republika_Angielska" title="Republika Angielska – Polnisch" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Republika Angielska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polnisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%81" title="انگلستان دی دولت مشترکہ – Westliches Panjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="انگلستان دی دولت مشترکہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Westliches Panjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comunidade_da_Inglaterra" title="Comunidade da Inglaterra – Portugiesisch" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Comunidade da Inglaterra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugiesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealthul_Angliei" title="Commonwealthul Angliei – Rumänisch" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Commonwealthul Angliei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumänisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Английская республика – Russisch" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Английская республика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_(republika)" title="Commonwealth (republika) – Serbokroatisch" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Commonwealth (republika)" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbokroatisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commonwealth_of_England" title="Commonwealth of England – einfaches Englisch" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Commonwealth of England" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="einfaches Englisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%82_%D0%95%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B5" title="Комонвелт Енглеске – Serbisch" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Комонвелт Енглеске" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engelska_samv%C3%A4ldet" title="Engelska samväldet – Schwedisch" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Engelska samväldet" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Schwedisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81" title="பொதுநலவாய இங்கிலாந்து – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பொதுநலவாய இங்கிலாந்து" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B7%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A0%E0%B8%9E%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A4%E0%B8%A9" title="เครือจักรภพแห่งอังกฤษ – Thailändisch" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เครือจักรภพแห่งอังกฤษ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thailändisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0ngiltere_Cumhuriyeti" title="İngiltere Cumhuriyeti – Türkisch" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İngiltere Cumhuriyeti" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Türkisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Англійська республіка – Ukrainisch" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Англійська республіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%DA%A9%DB%8C_%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%84%D8%AA_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%DA%A9%DB%81" title="انگلستان کی دولت مشترکہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="انگلستان کی دولت مشترکہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%8Bnh_v%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_chung_Anh" title="Thịnh vượng chung Anh – Vietnamesisch" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thịnh vượng chung Anh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A0%BC%E5%85%B0%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="英格兰共和国 – Chinesisch" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="英格兰共和国" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinesisch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eng-l%C3%A2n_Li%C3%A2n-pang" title="Eng-lân Liân-pang – Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Eng-lân Liân-pang" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q330362#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Links auf Artikel in anderen Sprachen bearbeiten" class="wbc-editpage">Links bearbeiten</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Diese Seite wurde zuletzt am 31. 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