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id="toc-Liturgical_rite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roman_Rite" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roman_Rite"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Roman Rite</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roman_Rite-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Requiem_in_other_rites_and_churches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Requiem_in_other_rites_and_churches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Requiem in other rites and churches</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Requiem_in_other_rites_and_churches-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Requiem in other rites and churches subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Requiem_in_other_rites_and_churches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eastern_Christian_rites" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Christian_rites"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Eastern Christian rites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Christian_rites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Anglicanism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Anglicanism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Anglicanism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Anglicanism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Music</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Music-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Music subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History_of_musical_compositions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History_of_musical_compositions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>History of musical compositions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History_of_musical_compositions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Requiem_in_concert" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Requiem_in_concert"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1.1</span> <span>Requiem in concert</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Requiem_in_concert-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_compositions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_compositions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Notable compositions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_compositions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_treatments" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_treatments"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Modern treatments</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_treatments-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Requiem</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 51 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_(tipe_mis)" title="Requiem (tipe mis) – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Requiem (tipe mis)" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B3_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%89" title="قداس الموتى – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قداس الموتى" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9quiem" title="Réquiem – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Réquiem" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekviyem" title="Rekviyem – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Rekviyem" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Реквием – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Реквием" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A8quiem" title="Rèquiem – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Rèquiem" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekviem" title="Rekviem – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Rekviem" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekviem" title="Rekviem – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Rekviem" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reekviem" title="Reekviem – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Reekviem" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A1%CE%AD%CE%BA%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%BC" title="Ρέκβιεμ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ρέκβιεμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9quiem" title="Réquiem – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Réquiem" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekviemo" title="Rekviemo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Rekviemo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87" title="آمرزانه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="آمرزانه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A0%88%ED%80%B4%EC%97%A0" title="레퀴엠 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="레퀴엠" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A5%D6%84%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A5%D5%B4" title="Ռեքվիեմ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռեքվիեմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sprovodna_misa" title="Sprovodna misa – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Sprovodna misa" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekuiem" title="Rekuiem – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Rekuiem" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9D" title="רקוויאם – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="רקוויאם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Реквием – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Реквием" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechia" title="Rechia – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Rechia" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekvi%C4%93ms" title="Rekviēms – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Rekviēms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekviem" title="Rekviem – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Rekviem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Реквием – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Реквием" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_(mis)" title="Requiem (mis) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Requiem (mis)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AC%E3%82%AF%E3%82%A4%E3%82%A8%E3%83%A0" title="レクイエム – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="レクイエム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekviemmesse" title="Rekviemmesse – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rekviemmesse" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekviem" title="Rekviem – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Rekviem" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekviyem" title="Rekviyem – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Rekviyem" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem_(msza)" title="Requiem (msza) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Requiem (msza)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9quiem" title="Réquiem – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Réquiem" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recviem" title="Recviem – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Recviem" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Реквием – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Реквием" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rekviem" title="Rekviem – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Rekviem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Реквијем – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Реквијем" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opijelo" title="Opijelo – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Opijelo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sielunmessu" title="Sielunmessu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Sielunmessu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Requiem" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Requiem" title="Requiem – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Requiem" 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Requiem (disambiguation)">Requiem (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Mass celebrated for the repose of deceased people's souls</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:09965jfCirilo_R._Almario_Wake_Funeral_ceremonies_Malolos_Cathedralfvf_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/09965jfCirilo_R._Almario_Wake_Funeral_ceremonies_Malolos_Cathedralfvf_02.jpg/220px-09965jfCirilo_R._Almario_Wake_Funeral_ceremonies_Malolos_Cathedralfvf_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/09965jfCirilo_R._Almario_Wake_Funeral_ceremonies_Malolos_Cathedralfvf_02.jpg/330px-09965jfCirilo_R._Almario_Wake_Funeral_ceremonies_Malolos_Cathedralfvf_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/09965jfCirilo_R._Almario_Wake_Funeral_ceremonies_Malolos_Cathedralfvf_02.jpg/440px-09965jfCirilo_R._Almario_Wake_Funeral_ceremonies_Malolos_Cathedralfvf_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption>Requiem for <a href="/wiki/Cirilo_Almario" title="Cirilo Almario">Bishop Cirilo Almario</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a> at <a href="/wiki/Malolos_Cathedral" title="Malolos Cathedral">Minor Basilica and Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malolos,_Bulacan" class="mw-redirect" title="Malolos, Bulacan">Malolos, Bulacan</a>, 2016</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Strasbourg_crypte_de_la_cath%C3%A9drale_Notre_Dame_messe_de_Requiem_2013_01.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Strasbourg_crypte_de_la_cath%C3%A9drale_Notre_Dame_messe_de_Requiem_2013_01.JPG/220px-Strasbourg_crypte_de_la_cath%C3%A9drale_Notre_Dame_messe_de_Requiem_2013_01.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Strasbourg_crypte_de_la_cath%C3%A9drale_Notre_Dame_messe_de_Requiem_2013_01.JPG/330px-Strasbourg_crypte_de_la_cath%C3%A9drale_Notre_Dame_messe_de_Requiem_2013_01.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Strasbourg_crypte_de_la_cath%C3%A9drale_Notre_Dame_messe_de_Requiem_2013_01.JPG/440px-Strasbourg_crypte_de_la_cath%C3%A9drale_Notre_Dame_messe_de_Requiem_2013_01.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5060" data-file-height="3296" /></a><figcaption>The Requiem, in the <a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a>, celebrated annually for <a href="/wiki/Louis_XVI" title="Louis XVI">Louis XVI</a> and victims of the <a href="/wiki/French_Revolution" title="French Revolution">French Revolution</a>, in the crypt of <a href="/wiki/Strasbourg_Cathedral" title="Strasbourg Cathedral">Strasbourg Cathedral</a>, 2013</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bulla-Ferdinant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bulla-Ferdinant.jpg/270px-Bulla-Ferdinant.jpg" decoding="async" width="270" height="198" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bulla-Ferdinant.jpg/405px-Bulla-Ferdinant.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Bulla-Ferdinant.jpg/540px-Bulla-Ferdinant.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="440" /></a><figcaption>Requiem Mass for <a href="/wiki/Archduke_Franz_Ferdinand_of_Austria" title="Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria">Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria</a> at <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_of_St._Catherine_(Saint_Petersburg)" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Church of St. Catherine (Saint Petersburg)">St. Catherine's Cathedral</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg">St. Petersburg</a>, published in a <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> newspaper, 1914</figcaption></figure> <p>A <b>Requiem</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>: <i>rest</i>) or <b>Requiem Mass</b>, also known as <b>Mass for the dead</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Missa pro defunctis</i>) or <b>Mass of the dead</b> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a>: <i lang="la">Missa defunctorum</i>), is a <a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a> offered for the repose of the <a href="/wiki/Soul_(spirit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Soul (spirit)">soul</a> or souls of one or more deceased persons, using a particular form of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Roman Missal</a>. It is usually celebrated in the context of a <a href="/wiki/Funeral" title="Funeral">funeral</a> (where in some countries it is often called a Funeral Mass).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Music_for_the_Requiem_Mass" title="Music for the Requiem Mass">Musical settings</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Proper_(liturgy)" title="Proper (liturgy)">propers</a> of the Requiem Mass are also called Requiems, and the term has subsequently been applied to other musical compositions associated with death, dying, and mourning, even when they lack religious or liturgical relevance. </p><p>The term is also used for similar ceremonies outside the Catholic Church, especially in <a href="/wiki/Western_Rite_Orthodoxy" title="Western Rite Orthodoxy">Western Rite Orthodox Christianity</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Catholic">Anglo-Catholic</a> tradition of <a href="/wiki/Anglicanism" title="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</a>, and in certain <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> churches. A <a href="/wiki/Memorial_service_(Orthodox)" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial service (Orthodox)">comparable service</a>, with a wholly different ritual form and texts, exists in the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic</a> churches as well as some <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodist</a> churches.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Mass and its settings draw their name from the <a href="/wiki/Introit" title="Introit">introit</a> of the liturgy, which begins with the words <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Requiem aeternam dona eis, Domine</i></span> (<a href="/wiki/Latin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Latin language">Latin</a> for "Eternal rest grant them, O Lord"), which is cited from <a href="/wiki/2_Esdras" title="2 Esdras">2 Esdras</a>—<i>requiem</i> is the <a href="/wiki/Accusative_case" title="Accusative case">accusative</a> singular form of the Latin noun <i lang="la"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/requies#Latin" class="extiw" title="wikt:requies">requies</a></i>, "rest, repose".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Roman Missal as revised in 1970 employs this phrase as the first entrance <a href="/wiki/Antiphon" title="Antiphon">antiphon</a> among the formulas for Masses for the dead, and it remains in use to this day. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Liturgical_rite">Liturgical rite</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Liturgical rite"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pontifikalni_rekvijem.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pontifikalni_rekvijem.JPG/220px-Pontifikalni_rekvijem.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pontifikalni_rekvijem.JPG/330px-Pontifikalni_rekvijem.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Pontifikalni_rekvijem.JPG/440px-Pontifikalni_rekvijem.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine</a> Requiem Mass at <a href="/wiki/Santissima_Trinit%C3%A0_dei_Pellegrini,_Rome" title="Santissima Trinità dei Pellegrini, Rome">Santissima Trinità dei Pellegrini</a> (Most Holy Trinity of Pilgrims) church in Rome</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Funeral_Mass_of_Bishop_Vitus_Huonder_1.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Funeral_Mass_of_Bishop_Vitus_Huonder_1.png/220px-Funeral_Mass_of_Bishop_Vitus_Huonder_1.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Funeral_Mass_of_Bishop_Vitus_Huonder_1.png/330px-Funeral_Mass_of_Bishop_Vitus_Huonder_1.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/Funeral_Mass_of_Bishop_Vitus_Huonder_1.png/440px-Funeral_Mass_of_Bishop_Vitus_Huonder_1.png 2x" data-file-width="958" data-file-height="539" /></a><figcaption>Requiem Mass for <a href="/wiki/Vitus_Huonder" title="Vitus Huonder">Bishop Vitus Huonder</a> celebrated by <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Fellay" title="Bernard Fellay">Bishop Bernard Fellay, SSPX</a> at <a href="/wiki/International_Seminary_of_Saint_Pius_X" title="International Seminary of Saint Pius X">International Seminary of Saint Pius X</a> in <a href="/wiki/%C3%89c%C3%B4ne" title="Écône">Écône</a>, <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a>, 2024</figcaption></figure> <p><br /> In earlier forms of the Roman Rite, some of which are still in use, a Requiem Mass differs in several ways from the usual Mass. Some parts that were of relatively recent origin, including some that have been excluded in the 1970 revision of the regular Mass, are omitted. Examples are the psalm <i>Iudica</i> at the start of Mass, the prayer said by the priest before reading the Gospel (or the blessing of the deacon, if a deacon reads it), and the first of the two prayers of the priest for himself before receiving Communion.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other omissions include the use of <a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">incense</a> at the Introit and the Gospel, the kiss of peace, lit candles held by acolytes when a deacon chants the Gospel, and blessings. There is no <a href="/wiki/Gloria_in_excelsis_Deo" title="Gloria in excelsis Deo">Gloria in excelsis Deo</a> and no recitation of the <a href="/wiki/Credo" title="Credo">Creed</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Alleluia" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a> chant before the Gospel is replaced by a <a href="/wiki/Tract_(liturgy)" title="Tract (liturgy)">Tract</a>, as in <a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a>; and the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Agnus_Dei_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Agnus Dei (liturgy)">Agnus Dei</a></i></span> is altered. <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Ite_missa_est" class="mw-redirect" title="Ite missa est">Ite missa est</a></i></span> is replaced with <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la"><a href="/wiki/Requiescant_in_pace" class="mw-redirect" title="Requiescant in pace">Requiescant in pace</a></i></span> (May they rest in peace); the <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Deo gratias</i></span> response is replaced with <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Amen</i></span>; and the final blessing for the congregation is omitted. Black was the obligatory <a href="/wiki/Liturgical_colours" title="Liturgical colours">liturgical colour</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">vestments</a> in the earlier forms (including the Missal of 1962), while in the renewed liturgy "the colour black may be used, where it is the practice, in Masses for the Dead".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Sequence_(poetry)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sequence (poetry)">sequence</a> <a href="/wiki/Dies_irae" title="Dies irae">Dies irae</a>, recited or sung between the <a href="/wiki/Tract_(liturgy)" title="Tract (liturgy)">Tract</a> and the Gospel, was an obligatory part of the Requiem Mass before the changes as a result of the liturgical reform of the Second Vatican Council. As its opening words <span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Dies irae</i></span> ("Day of wrath") indicate, this poetic composition speaks of the Day of Judgment in fearsome terms; it then appeals to Jesus for mercy. In the extraordinary form of the Roman Rite, commemorations (i.e. collect, secret, and postcommunion of either lower-ranking liturgical feasts that occur on the same day or votive/seasonal commemorations) are absent from the liturgy; as a result, it is standard practice for a separate, smaller Requiem Missal containing only the rubrics and various Mass formularies for Masses for the dead to be used, rather than the full Missal containing texts that will never be used at Requiems.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roman_Rite">Roman Rite</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Roman Rite"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chasuble_noire_-_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Lombez.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chasuble_noire_-_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Lombez.jpg/169px-Chasuble_noire_-_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Lombez.jpg" decoding="async" width="169" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chasuble_noire_-_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Lombez.jpg/254px-Chasuble_noire_-_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Lombez.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Chasuble_noire_-_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Lombez.jpg/339px-Chasuble_noire_-_Cath%C3%A9drale_de_Lombez.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1296" data-file-height="2096" /></a><figcaption>Black <a href="/wiki/Chasuble" title="Chasuble">chasuble</a> used in Requiem Masses</figcaption></figure> <p>In the liturgical reforms of the mid-20th century in the Catholic Church's <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a>, there was a significant shift in the <a href="/wiki/Funeral_rites" class="mw-redirect" title="Funeral rites">funeral rites</a> used by the Church. The theme of sorrow and grief was also made to emphasize the whole community's worship of God in which the deceased is entrusted to God's mercy, based on trust in the salvation value of the <a href="/wiki/Passion_(Christianity)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passion (Christianity)">Passion</a>, Death and <a href="/wiki/Resurrection" title="Resurrection">Resurrection</a> of Jesus Christ.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, the Requiem Mass was sometimes termed a "Mass of the Resurrection"<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or Mass of Christian Burial, although the former was never official terminology. In the official English ritual, <i>Order of Christian Funerals</i>, published by the Bishops of England and Wales in 1990, the title is given as "Funeral Mass". "Requiem Mass" remains a suitable title for other Masses for the dead and for the Funeral Mass itself (as the proper antiphons remain in force: Introit, "Eternal rest grant ... " / "<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Requiem æternam dona eis Domine</i></span>"; Offertory, "Lord Jesus Christ, King of glory, deliver the souls of all the faithful departed ... " / "<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Domine Iesu Christe, Rex gloriæ, libera animas ...</i></span>"; Communion, "Let perpetual light shine ..." / "<span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Lux æterna luceat eis, Domine...</i></span>"). In keeping with those trends of the latter 21st century, the use of white vestments was made an allowable option by the Missal, though only by an indult; black remains the normal color of all Requiem Masses, including Funeral Masses. Violet, a color of penance, was also allowed by indult, since penance and reparation for the soul, presumably in <a href="/wiki/Purgatory" title="Purgatory">Purgatory</a>, is encouraged by the Church. The texts used for the liturgy underwent a similar change, and some of the new options for the readings reinforce an overall theme of Jesus' promise of eternal life.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template noprint Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:No_original_research#Primary,_secondary_and_tertiary_sources" title="Wikipedia:No original research"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable secondary sources. (November 2022)">non-primary source needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Requiem_in_other_rites_and_churches">Requiem in other rites and churches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Requiem in other rites and churches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Requiem</i> is also used to describe any sacred composition that sets to music religious texts which would be appropriate at a funeral, or to describe such compositions for liturgies other than the Roman Catholic Mass. Among the earliest examples of this type are the German settings composed in the 17th century by <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Sch%C3%BCtz" title="Heinrich Schütz">Heinrich Schütz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Michael_Praetorius" title="Michael Praetorius">Michael Praetorius</a>, whose works are Lutheran adaptations of the Roman Catholic requiem, and which provided inspiration for the <i><a href="/wiki/Ein_deutsches_Requiem" class="mw-redirect" title="Ein deutsches Requiem">German Requiem</a></i> by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Brahms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Such works include: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox_Church" title="Greek Orthodox Church">Greek Orthodox Church</a>—<i><a href="/wiki/Parastas" class="mw-redirect" title="Parastas">Parastas</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian Orthodox Church</a>—<i>Panikhida</i></li> <li>Anglican (English) Requiem</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Eastern_Christian_rites">Eastern Christian rites</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Eastern Christian rites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Memorial_service_(Orthodox)" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial service (Orthodox)">Memorial service (Orthodox)</a></div> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Orthodox_Church" title="Eastern Orthodox Church">Eastern Orthodox</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Greek-Catholic</a> Churches, the requiem is the fullest form of <a href="/wiki/Memorial_service_(Orthodox)" class="mw-redirect" title="Memorial service (Orthodox)">memorial service</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">μνημόσυνο</span>, <a href="/wiki/Church_Slavonic" title="Church Slavonic">Slavonic</a>: <span title="Church Slavonic-language romanization"><i lang="cu-Latn">Оpеlо</i></span>). The normal memorial service is a greatly abbreviated form of <a href="/wiki/Matins" title="Matins">Matins</a>, but the Requiem contains all of the psalms, readings, and hymns normally found in the <a href="/wiki/All-Night_Vigil" class="mw-redirect" title="All-Night Vigil">All-Night Vigil</a> (which combines the <a href="/wiki/Canonical_Hours" class="mw-redirect" title="Canonical Hours">Canonical Hours</a> of <a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">Vespers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Matins" title="Matins">Matins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prime_(liturgy)" title="Prime (liturgy)">First Hour</a>), providing a complete set of <a href="/wiki/Proper_(liturgy)" title="Proper (liturgy)">propers</a> for the departed. The full requiem will last around three-and-a-half hours. In this format it more clearly represents the original concept of <i>parastas</i>, which means literally, "standing throughout (the night)." Often, there will be a <a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> celebrated the next morning with further propers for the departed. </p><p>Because of their great length, a full Requiem is rarely served. However, at least in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Orthodox_Church" title="Russian Orthodox Church">Russian</a> liturgical tradition, a Requiem will often be served on the eve before the <a href="/wiki/Canonization#Eastern_Orthodox_Practice—Glorification" title="Canonization">Glorification</a> (canonization) of a <a href="/wiki/Saint" title="Saint">saint</a>, in a special service known as the "Last <i>Panikhida</i>". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Anglicanism">Anglicanism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Anglicanism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Thou knowest, Lord, the secrets of our hearts" redirects here. For setting of the funeral sentence by Purcell, see <a href="/wiki/Thou_knowest,_Lord,_the_secrets_of_our_hearts_(Purcell)" title="Thou knowest, Lord, the secrets of our hearts (Purcell)">Thou knowest, Lord, the secrets of our hearts (Purcell)</a>.</div> <p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Common_Prayer" title="Book of Common Prayer">Book of Common Prayer</a></i> contained no Requiem Mass, but instead a service named "The Order for the Burial of the Dead". Since the liturgical reform movement, provision has been made for a Eucharist to be celebrated at a funeral in various BCPs used in the various Provinces of the Anglican Communion. Prior to these additions, <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Anglo-Catholics">Anglo-Catholics</a> or <a href="/wiki/High_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="High Church">High Church</a> Anglicans often incorporated parts of the Roman Catholic Requiem Mass as part of a funeral service — typically passages from the Ordinary of the Mass. Within this service are several texts with rubrics stating that they should be said or sung by the priest or clerks. The first few of these texts are found at the beginning of the service, while the rest are prescribed for the burial itself. These texts are typically divided into seven, and collectively known as "funeral sentences". Composers who have set the Anglican burial service to music include <a href="/wiki/William_Croft" title="William Croft">William Croft</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Morley" title="Thomas Morley">Thomas Morley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Tomkins" title="Thomas Tomkins">Thomas Tomkins</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orlando_Gibbons" title="Orlando Gibbons">Orlando Gibbons</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henry_Purcell" title="Henry Purcell">Henry Purcell</a>. The text of these seven sentences, from the 1662 <i>Book of Common Prayer</i>, is as follows: </p> <ul><li>I am the resurrection and the life, saith the Lord: he that believeth in me, though he were dead, yet shall he live: and whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die. <i>(John 11:25-26)</i></li> <li>I know that my Redeemer liveth, and that he shall stand at the latter day upon the earth. And though after my skin worms destroy this body, yet in my flesh shall I see God: whom I shall see for myself, and mine eyes shall behold, and not another. <i>(Job 19:25-27)</i></li> <li>We brought nothing into this world, and it is certain we can carry nothing out. The Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken away; blessed be the Name of the Lord. <i>(1 Timothy 6:7 and Job 1:21)</i></li> <li>Man that is born of a woman hath but a short time to live, and is full of misery. He cometh up, and is cut down, like a flower; he fleeth as it were a shadow, and never continueth in one stay. <i>(Job 14:1-2)</i></li> <li>In the midst of life we are in death: of whom may we seek for succour, but of thee, O Lord, who for our sins art justly displeased? Yet, O Lord God most holy, O Lord most mighty, O holy and most merciful Saviour, deliver us not into the bitter pains of eternal death. <i>(<a href="/wiki/Media_vita_in_morte_sumus" title="Media vita in morte sumus">Media vita in morte sumus</a>)</i></li> <li>Thou knowest, Lord, the secrets of our hearts; shut not thy merciful ears to our prayer; but spare us, Lord most holy, O God most mighty, O holy and merciful Saviour, thou most worthy judge eternal, suffer us not, at our last hour, for any pains of death, to fall from thee.</li> <li>I heard a voice from heaven, saying unto me, Write, From henceforth blessed are the dead which die in the Lord: even so saith the Spirit: for they rest from their labours. <i>(Revelation 14:13)</i></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Music_for_the_Requiem_Mass" title="Music for the Requiem Mass">Music for the Requiem Mass</a></div> <p>The Requiem Mass is notable for the large number of musical compositions that it has inspired, including settings by <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Mozart)" title="Requiem (Mozart)">Mozart</a> (though uncompleted),<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Verdi)" title="Requiem (Verdi)">Verdi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Berlioz)" title="Requiem (Berlioz)">Berlioz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Saint-Sa%C3%ABns)" title="Requiem (Saint-Saëns)">Saint-Saëns</a>, <a href="/wiki/A_German_Requiem_(Brahms)" title="A German Requiem (Brahms)">Brahms</a> (from the vernacular German <a href="/wiki/Lutheran_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran Bible">Lutheran Bible</a>), <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Requiem (Dvořák)">Dvořák</a>, <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Faur%C3%A9)" title="Requiem (Fauré)">Fauré</a>, <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Durufl%C3%A9)" title="Requiem (Duruflé)">Duruflé</a>, and others. Originally, such compositions were meant to be performed in liturgical service, with monophonic chant. Eventually, the dramatic character of the text began to appeal to composers to an extent that they made the requiem a genre of its own, and the compositions of composers such as Verdi are essentially concert pieces rather than liturgical works. </p><p>Many of the texts in the Requiem Mass have been set to music, including: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_for_the_Requiem_Mass#Introit" title="Music for the Requiem Mass">Introit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyrie" title="Kyrie">Kyrie eleison</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_for_the_Requiem_Mass#Gradual" title="Music for the Requiem Mass">Gradual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_for_the_Requiem_Mass#Tract" title="Music for the Requiem Mass">Tract</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dies_Irae" class="mw-redirect" title="Dies Irae">Sequence</a> (the <i>Dies Irae</i>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_for_the_Requiem_Mass#Offertory" title="Music for the Requiem Mass">Offertory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctus" title="Sanctus">Sanctus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_for_the_Requiem_Mass#Agnus_Dei" title="Music for the Requiem Mass">Agnus Dei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_for_the_Requiem_Mass#Communion" title="Music for the Requiem Mass">Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pie_Jesu" title="Pie Jesu">Pie Jesu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libera_Me" class="mw-redirect" title="Libera Me">Libera Me</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_paradisum" title="In paradisum">In paradisum</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History_of_musical_compositions">History of musical compositions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: History of musical compositions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RequiemAeternamChant.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/RequiemAeternamChant.jpg/400px-RequiemAeternamChant.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="66" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d5/RequiemAeternamChant.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="522" data-file-height="86" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Incipit" title="Incipit">Incipit</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian chant</a> <a href="/wiki/Introit" title="Introit">introit</a> for a Requiem Mass, from the <i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Usualis" title="Liber Usualis">Liber Usualis</a></i></figcaption></figure> <p>For many centuries the texts of the requiem were sung to <a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian</a> melodies. The <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Ockeghem)" title="Requiem (Ockeghem)">Requiem</a> by <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Ockeghem" title="Johannes Ockeghem">Johannes Ockeghem</a>, written sometime in the latter half of the 15th century, is the earliest surviving <a href="/wiki/Polyphony" title="Polyphony">polyphonic</a> setting. There was a setting by the elder composer <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_Dufay" class="mw-redirect" title="Guillaume Dufay">Dufay</a>, possibly earlier, which is now lost: Ockeghem's may have been modelled on it.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitch_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many early compositions reflect the varied texts that were in use in different liturgies around Europe before the <a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a> standardised texts used in liturgies. The requiem of <a href="/wiki/Antoine_Brumel" title="Antoine Brumel">Brumel</a>, circa 1500, is the first to include the <i><a href="/wiki/Dies_irae" title="Dies irae">Dies Iræ</a></i>. In the early polyphonic settings of the Requiem, there is considerable textural contrast within the compositions themselves: simple chordal or <a href="/wiki/Fauxbourdon" title="Fauxbourdon">fauxbourdon</a>-like passages are contrasted with other sections of contrapuntal complexity, such as in the Offertory of Ockeghem's Requiem.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitch_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 16th century, more and more composers set the Requiem Mass. In contrast to practice in setting the Mass Ordinary, many of these settings used a <a href="/wiki/Cantus-firmus" class="mw-redirect" title="Cantus-firmus">cantus-firmus</a> technique, something which had become quite archaic by mid-century. In addition, these settings used less textural contrast than the early settings by Ockeghem and Brumel, although the vocal scoring was often richer, for example in the six-voice Requiem by <a href="/wiki/Jean_Richafort" title="Jean Richafort">Jean Richafort</a> which he wrote for the death of <a href="/wiki/Josquin_des_Prez" title="Josquin des Prez">Josquin des Prez</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Fitch_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Fitch-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other composers before 1550 include <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Escobar" title="Pedro de Escobar">Pedro de Escobar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antoine_de_F%C3%A9vin" title="Antoine de Févin">Antoine de Févin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crist%C3%B3bal_Morales" class="mw-redirect" title="Cristóbal Morales">Cristóbal Morales</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pierre_de_La_Rue" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre de La Rue">Pierre de La Rue</a>; that by La Rue is probably the second oldest, after Ockeghem's. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:K626_Requiem_Mozart.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/K626_Requiem_Mozart.jpg/220px-K626_Requiem_Mozart.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/K626_Requiem_Mozart.jpg/330px-K626_Requiem_Mozart.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/K626_Requiem_Mozart.jpg/440px-K626_Requiem_Mozart.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1860" data-file-height="1360" /></a><figcaption>A portion of the manuscript of <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Mozart)" title="Requiem (Mozart)">Mozart's <i>Requiem</i>, K 626</a> (1791), showing his heading for the first movement</figcaption></figure> <p>Over 2,000 Requiem compositions have been composed to the present day. Typically the Renaissance settings, especially those not written on the <a href="/wiki/Iberian_Peninsula" title="Iberian Peninsula">Iberian Peninsula</a>, may be performed <i><a href="/wiki/A_cappella" title="A cappella">a cappella</a></i> (i.e. without necessary accompanying instrumental parts), whereas beginning around 1600 composers more often preferred to use instruments to accompany a choir, and also include vocal soloists. There is great variation between compositions in how much of liturgical text is set to music. </p><p>Most composers omit sections of the liturgical prescription, most frequently the Gradual and the Tract. <a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Fauré</a> omits the <i>Dies iræ</i>, while the very same text had often been set by French composers in previous centuries as a stand-alone work. </p><p>Sometimes composers divide an item of the liturgical text into two or more movements; because of the length of its text, the <i>Dies iræ</i> is the most frequently divided section of the text (as with Mozart, for instance). The <i>Introit</i> and <i>Kyrie</i>, being immediately adjacent in the actual Roman Catholic liturgy, are often composed as one movement. </p><p>Musico-thematic relationships among movements within a Requiem can be found as well. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Requiem_in_concert">Requiem in concert</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Requiem in concert"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beginning in the 18th century and continuing through the 19th, many composers wrote what are effectively concert works, which by virtue of employing forces too large, or lasting such a considerable duration, prevent them being readily used in an ordinary funeral service; the requiems of <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Joseph_Gossec" title="François-Joseph Gossec">Gossec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák">Dvořák</a> are essentially dramatic concert <a href="/wiki/Oratorio" title="Oratorio">oratorios</a>. A counter-reaction to this tendency came from the <a href="/wiki/Cecilian_movement" class="mw-redirect" title="Cecilian movement">Cecilian movement</a>, which recommended restrained accompaniment for liturgical music, and frowned upon the use of operatic vocal soloists. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_compositions">Notable compositions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Notable compositions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many composers have composed Requiems. Some of the most notable include the following (in chronological order): </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Ockeghem" title="Johannes Ockeghem">Johannes Ockeghem</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Ockeghem)" title="Requiem (Ockeghem)">Requiem</a> (1461?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Brumel" title="Antoine Brumel">Antoine Brumel</a>: Requiem</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom%C3%A1s_Luis_de_Victoria" title="Tomás Luis de Victoria">Tomás Luis de Victoria</a>: <a href="/wiki/Officium_Defunctorum_(Victoria)" title="Officium Defunctorum (Victoria)">Officium Defunctorum</a> (1603)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eustache_du_Caurroy" class="mw-redirect" title="Eustache du Caurroy">Eustache du Caurroy</a>: Missa pro defunctis quinque vocum (1610)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marc-Antoine_Charpentier" title="Marc-Antoine Charpentier">Marc-Antoine Charpentier</a>: <ul><li>Messe pour les trépassés à 8, H.2</li> <li>Dies irae H.12</li> <li>Motet pour les trépassés à 8, H.311</li> <li>Messe des morts à 4 voix H.7</li> <li>Messe des morts à 4 voix et symphonie H.10 (1670–1690)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leopold_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor">Leopold I, Holy Roman Emperor</a>: Requiem (1673)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Gilles_(composer)" title="Jean Gilles (composer)">Jean Gilles</a>: Requiem</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Campra" title="André Campra">André Campra</a>: Requiem</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Caldara" title="Antonio Caldara">Antonio Caldara</a>: Requiem in E minor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Durante" title="Francesco Durante">Francesco Durante</a>: Requiem in G minor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Giroust" title="François Giroust">François Giroust</a>: Requiem, Choeur à 5 voix 1775</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Joseph_Gossec" title="François-Joseph Gossec">François-Joseph Gossec</a>: Requiem (1760)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Adolph_Hasse" title="Johann Adolph Hasse">Johann Adolph Hasse</a>: Requiem in C major (1763), Requiem in E-flat major (1764)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Haydn" title="Michael Haydn">Michael Haydn</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Michael_Haydn)" title="Requiem (Michael Haydn)">Missa pro Defunctis</a>, Klafsky I:8, MH 155 (1771)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Mozart)" title="Requiem (Mozart)">Requiem</a>, K. 626 (1791)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antonio_Salieri" title="Antonio Salieri">Antonio Salieri</a>: Requiem in C minor (1804)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friedrich_Kiel" title="Friedrich Kiel">Friedrich Kiel</a>: Requiem in F minor, Op. 20 (1861-62), Requiem in A-flat major, Op. 80</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Benoit" title="Peter Benoit">Peter Benoit</a>: Requiem (1862-63)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Cornelius" title="Peter Cornelius">Peter Cornelius</a>: Requiem (1863-72)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luigi_Cherubini" title="Luigi Cherubini">Luigi Cherubini</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_in_C_minor_(Cherubini)" title="Requiem in C minor (Cherubini)">Requiem in C minor</a> (1816), Requiem in D minor (1836)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Schubert" title="Ferdinand Schubert">Ferdinand Schubert</a>: Requiem in G minor, Op. 9 (1828)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Hector Berlioz</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Berlioz)" title="Requiem (Berlioz)">Requiem</a>, Op. 5 (1837)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton_Bruckner" title="Anton Bruckner">Anton Bruckner</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Bruckner)" title="Requiem (Bruckner)">Requiem</a>, WAB 39 (1849)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Schumann" title="Robert Schumann">Robert Schumann</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Schumann)" title="Requiem (Schumann)">Requiem</a>, Op. 148 (1852)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_von_Supp%C3%A9" title="Franz von Suppé">Franz von Suppé</a>: Requiem (1855)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Johannes Brahms</a>: <a href="/wiki/A_German_Requiem_(Brahms)" title="A German Requiem (Brahms)">A German Requiem</a>, Op. 45 (1865–68)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9odore_Gouvy" title="Théodore Gouvy">Théodore Gouvy</a>: Requiem in E-flat minor (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Giuseppe Verdi</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Verdi)" title="Requiem (Verdi)">Messa da Requiem</a> (1874)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Camille Saint-Saëns</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Saint-Sa%C3%ABns)" title="Requiem (Saint-Saëns)">Requiem</a>, Op. 54 (1878)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anton%C3%ADn_Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k" title="Antonín Dvořák">Antonín Dvořák</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Dvo%C5%99%C3%A1k)" title="Requiem (Dvořák)">Requiem</a>, Op. 89, B. 165 (1890)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Faur%C3%A9" title="Gabriel Fauré">Gabriel Fauré</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Faur%C3%A9)" title="Requiem (Fauré)">Requiem</a>, Op. 48 (1887–90)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_von_Herzogenberg" title="Heinrich von Herzogenberg">Heinrich von Herzogenberg</a>: Requiem, Op. 72 (1891)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Villiers_Stanford" title="Charles Villiers Stanford">Charles Villiers Stanford</a>: Requiem, Op. 63 (1896)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederick_Delius" title="Frederick Delius">Frederick Delius</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Delius)" title="Requiem (Delius)">Requiem</a> (1913–16)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ildebrando_Pizzetti" title="Ildebrando Pizzetti">Ildebrando Pizzetti</a>: Messa di Requiem (1922-23)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Howells" title="Herbert Howells">Herbert Howells</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Howells)" title="Requiem (Howells)">Requiem</a> (1932)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruno_Maderna" title="Bruno Maderna">Bruno Maderna</a>: Requiem (1946)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Durufl%C3%A9" title="Maurice Duruflé">Maurice Duruflé</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Durufl%C3%A9)" title="Requiem (Duruflé)">Requiem</a>, Op. 9 (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a>: <a href="/wiki/War_Requiem" title="War Requiem">War Requiem</a>, Op. 66 (1961–62)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Ligeti)" title="Requiem (Ligeti)">Requiem</a> (1963–65)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_Canticles" title="Requiem Canticles">Requiem Canticles</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Alois_Zimmermann" title="Bernd Alois Zimmermann">Bernd Alois Zimmermann</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_f%C3%BCr_einen_jungen_Dichter" title="Requiem für einen jungen Dichter">Requiem für einen jungen Dichter</a> (1967–69)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Penderecki" title="Krzysztof Penderecki">Krzysztof Penderecki</a>: <a href="/wiki/Polish_Requiem" title="Polish Requiem">Polish Requiem</a> (1980–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber" title="Andrew Lloyd Webber">Andrew Lloyd Webber</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Lloyd_Webber)" title="Requiem (Lloyd Webber)">Requiem</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Rutter" title="John Rutter">John Rutter</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Rutter)" title="Requiem (Rutter)">Requiem</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serban_Nichifor" class="mw-redirect" title="Serban Nichifor">Serban Nichifor</a>: Requiem (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Werner_Henze" title="Hans Werner Henze">Hans Werner Henze</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Henze)" title="Requiem (Henze)">Requiem</a> (1991–93)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Greif" title="Olivier Greif">Olivier Greif</a>: Requiem (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Rouse_(composer)" title="Christopher Rouse (composer)">Christopher Rouse</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Rouse)" title="Requiem (Rouse)">Requiem</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Jenkins" title="Karl Jenkins">Karl Jenkins</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Jenkins)" title="Requiem (Jenkins)">Requiem</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dan_Forrest" title="Dan Forrest">Dan Forrest</a>: <a href="/wiki/Requiem_for_the_Living" title="Requiem for the Living">Requiem for the Living</a> (2013)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_treatments">Modern treatments</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Modern treatments"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 20th century the requiem evolved in several new directions. The genre of War Requiem is perhaps the most notable, which comprise compositions dedicated to the memory of people killed in wartime. These often include extra-liturgical poems of a pacifist or non-liturgical nature; for example, the <i><a href="/wiki/War_Requiem" title="War Requiem">War Requiem</a></i> of <a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a> juxtaposes the Latin text with the poetry of <a href="/wiki/Wilfred_Owen" title="Wilfred Owen">Wilfred Owen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Penderecki" title="Krzysztof Penderecki">Krzysztof Penderecki</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Polish_Requiem" title="Polish Requiem">Polish Requiem</a></i> includes a traditional Polish hymn within the sequence, and <a href="/wiki/Robert_Steadman" title="Robert Steadman">Robert Steadman</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Robert_Steadman#Choral_music" title="Robert Steadman">Mass in Black</a></i> intersperses <a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">environmental</a> <a href="/wiki/Poetry" title="Poetry">poetry</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prophecy" title="Prophecy">prophecies</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nostradamus" title="Nostradamus">Nostradamus</a>. <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust" title="The Holocaust">Holocaust</a> Requiem may be regarded as a specific subset of this type. The <i>Requiem Ebraico</i> (Hebrew Requiem) (1945) by Austrian-American composer <a href="/wiki/Eric_Zeisl" class="mw-redirect" title="Eric Zeisl">Eric Zeisl</a>, a setting of <a href="/wiki/Psalm_92" title="Psalm 92">Psalm 92</a> dedicated to the memory of the composer's father "and the other countless victims of the Jewish tragedy in Europe", is considered the first major work of Holocaust commemoration. <a href="/wiki/John_Foulds" title="John Foulds">John Foulds</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/A_World_Requiem" title="A World Requiem">A World Requiem</a></i> was written in the aftermath of the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a> and initiated the <a href="/wiki/Royal_British_Legion" title="Royal British Legion">Royal British Legion</a>'s annual festival of remembrance. Recent requiem works by Taiwanese composers <a href="/wiki/Tyzen_Hsiao" title="Tyzen Hsiao">Tyzen Hsiao</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ko_Fan-long" title="Ko Fan-long">Ko Fan-long</a> follow in this tradition, honouring victims of the <a href="/wiki/February_28_Incident" class="mw-redirect" title="February 28 Incident">February 28 Incident</a> and subsequent <a href="/wiki/White_Terror_(Taiwan)" title="White Terror (Taiwan)">White Terror</a>. </p><p>The 20th century saw the development of the secular Requiem, written for public performance without specific religious observance, such as Max Reger's <i><a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Reger)" title="Requiem (Reger)">Requiem</a></i> (1915), the setting of a German poem titled Requiem and dedicated to victims of World War I, and <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Delius" title="Frederick Delius">Frederick Delius</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Delius)" title="Requiem (Delius)">Requiem</a></i>, completed in 1916 and dedicated to "the memory of all young Artists fallen in the war";<sup id="cite_ref-corleonis_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-corleonis-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith">Paul Hindemith</a>'s <a href="/wiki/When_Lilacs_Last_in_the_Dooryard_Bloom%27d_(Hindemith)" title="When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd (Hindemith)"><i>When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd: A Requiem for Those We Love</i></a>, commissioned in 1945 (premiered 1946) after the passing of <a href="/wiki/Franklin_Delano_Roosevelt" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Delano Roosevelt">Franklin Delano Roosevelt</a>, and based on Walt Whitman's <a href="/wiki/When_Lilacs_Last_in_the_Dooryard_Bloom%27d" title="When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd">elegy</a> written after the passing of <a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Dmitry_Kabalevsky" title="Dmitry Kabalevsky">Dmitry Kabalevsky</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Dmitry_Kabalevsky#Vocal_Orchestral" title="List of compositions by Dmitry Kabalevsky">Requiem</a></i> (Op. 72; 1962), a setting of a poem written by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Rozhdestvensky" title="Robert Rozhdestvensky">Robert Rozhdestvensky</a> especially for the composition.<sup id="cite_ref-flaxman_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-flaxman-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Howells" title="Herbert Howells">Herbert Howells</a>'s unaccompanied <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Howells)" title="Requiem (Howells)"><i>Requiem</i></a> uses <a href="/wiki/Psalm_23" title="Psalm 23">Psalm 23</a> ("The Lord is my shepherd"), Psalm 121 ("I will lift up mine eyes"), "Salvator mundi" ("O Saviour of the world" in English), "Requiem aeternam" (two different settings), and "I heard a voice from heaven". John Rutter combines in his <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Rutter)" title="Requiem (Rutter)">Requiem</a> (1985) some of the parts of the Latin Requiem with two complete psalms, <a href="/wiki/Psalm_130" title="Psalm 130">Psalm 130</a> "Out of the deep" and his earlier composition <i><a href="/wiki/The_Lord_is_my_Shepherd_(Rutter)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Lord is my Shepherd (Rutter)">The Lord is my Shepherd</a></i>, and juxtaposes more biblical verses within the Latin movements. </p><p>Some composers have written purely instrumental works bearing the title of <i>Requiem</i>, as famously exemplified by Britten's <i>Sinfonia da Requiem</i>. <a href="/wiki/Hans_Werner_Henze" title="Hans Werner Henze">Hans Werner Henze</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Das_Flo%C3%9F_der_Medusa" title="Das Floß der Medusa">Das Floß der Medusa</a></i>, written in 1968 as a requiem for <a href="/wiki/Che_Guevara" title="Che Guevara">Che Guevara</a>, is properly speaking an <a href="/wiki/Oratorio" title="Oratorio">oratorio</a>; Henze's <a href="/wiki/Requiem_(Henze)" title="Requiem (Henze)">Requiem</a> is instrumental but retains the traditional Latin titles for the movements. <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Requiem_Canticles" title="Requiem Canticles">Requiem Canticles</a></i> mixes instrumental movements with segments of the "Introit", "Dies irae", "Pie Jesu" and "Libera me". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Memorial" title="Memorial">Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Month%27s_mind" title="Month's mind">Month's mind</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFFahlbusch2005" class="citation book cs1">Fahlbusch, Erwin (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=C5V7oyy69zgC&pg=PA649"><i>The Encyclopedia Of Christianity, Volume 4</i></a>. Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0802824165" title="Special:BookSources/978-0802824165"><bdi>978-0802824165</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2012</span>. <q>The possibility of a funeral Eucharist is provided in North American Lutheran, Episcopal/Anglican, and United Methodist worship books.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclopedia+Of+Christianity%2C+Volume+4&rft.pub=Wm.+B.+Eerdmans+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0802824165&rft.aulast=Fahlbusch&rft.aufirst=Erwin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DC5V7oyy69zgC%26pg%3DPA649&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARequiem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2 Esdras 2:35 (4 Esdras in Vulgate).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span title="Latin-language text"><i lang="la">Missale Romanum, Ritus servandus in celebratione Missae</i></span>, XIII</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">General Instruction of the Roman Missal, 346e</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130311083420/http://www2.richmonddiocese.org/worship/liturgies/funeral.htm">"The Catholic Diocese of Richmond, Office of Worship "Rites of the Order of Christian Funerals"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. .richmonddiocese.org. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.richmonddiocese.org/worship/liturgies/funeral.htm">the original</a> on 2013-03-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2013-02-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Catholic+Diocese+of+Richmond%2C+Office+of+Worship+%22Rites+of+the+Order+of+Christian+Funerals%22&rft.pub=.richmonddiocese.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.richmonddiocese.org%2Fworship%2Fliturgies%2Ffuneral.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARequiem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/mass%20of%20the%20resurrection">"Mass of the Resurrection"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com&rft.atitle=Mass+of+the+Resurrection&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fmass%2520of%2520the%2520resurrection&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARequiem" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The Rites of Christian Burial</i>, Catholic Publishing Company 1984</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">A rather exhaustive list of requiem composers can be found at <a href="/wiki/Requiem_Survey_(website)" title="Requiem Survey (website)"><i>Requiem Survey</i></a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://requiemsurvey.org">requiemsurvey.org</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTommasini1995" class="citation news cs1">Tommasini, Anthony (26 November 1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/11/26/arts/recordings-view-no-reverence-no-reticence-in-finishing-mozart-s-requiem.html">"RECORDINGS VIEW; No Reverence, No Reticence In Finishing Mozart's Requiem"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=RECORDINGS+VIEW%3B+No+Reverence%2C+No+Reticence+In+Finishing+Mozart%27s+Requiem&rft.date=1995-11-26&rft.aulast=Tommasini&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1995%2F11%2F26%2Farts%2Frecordings-view-no-reverence-no-reticence-in-finishing-mozart-s-requiem.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARequiem" class="Z3988"></span>)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Fitch-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Fitch_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fitch_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Fitch_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Fabrice Fitch: "Requiem (2)", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (Accessed January 21, 2007)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-corleonis-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-corleonis_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Corleonis, Adrian. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmusic.com/work/requiem-for-soprano-baritone-double-chorus--orchestra-rt-ii-8-c151935/description">Requiem, for soprano, baritone, double chorus & orchestra, RT ii/8</a> <i>All Music Guide</i> Retrieved 2011-02-20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-flaxman-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-flaxman_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Flaxman, Fred. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.compactdiscoveries.com/CompactDiscoveriesArticles/Kabalevsky.html">Controversial Comrade Kabalevsky</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190923082853/http://www.compactdiscoveries.com/CompactDiscoveriesArticles/Kabalevsky.html">Archived</a> 2019-09-23 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <i>Compact Discoveries with Fred Flaxman</i>, 2007, Retrieved 2011-02-20;</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Requiem&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output 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href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Missa_pro_Defunctis" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Missa pro Defunctis">Missa pro Defunctis</a></b></div></div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Requiem_Mass" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Requiem Mass">Requiem Mass</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.requiemsurvey.org/">Alphabetical Requiems Survey</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://requiemonline.tripod.com/">Online Guide to Requiem</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080514003909/http://www.johndavies.com.au/writing_requiem_mass_singing_lessons.htm.htm">Writing – The Requiem Mass : A Literal Translation</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbermann1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Masses of Requiem"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Masses_of_Requiem">"Masses of Requiem" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Masses+of+Requiem&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARequiem" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catholicpoliceguild.org.uk/?page_id=522">British Pathé News clips of the Catholic Police Guild Annual Solemn Requiem</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged April 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rtve.es/alacarta/videos/los-conciertos-de-la-2/conciertos-la2-20120225-0756-169/1332466/">Fauré's "Requiem"</a> - Spanish Radio and Television Symphony Orchestra and Chorus. Petri Sakari, conductor. Live concert.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mass_of_the_Roman_Rite_of_the_Catholic_Church" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mass_(liturgy)" title="Mass (liturgy)">Mass</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Forms and uses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Tridentine_Mass" title="Pre-Tridentine Mass">Pre-Tridentine Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preconciliar_rites_after_the_Second_Vatican_Council" title="Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council">After the Second Vatican Council</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a> (Ordinary Form)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaire_Use" title="Zaire Use">Zaire Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican Use</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_order_liturgical_rite" title="Catholic order liturgical rite">Orders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benedictine_Rite" title="Benedictine Rite">Benedictine Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelite_Rite" title="Carmelite Rite">Carmelite Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthusian Rite">Carthusian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistercian_Rite" title="Cistercian Rite">Cistercian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Rite" title="Dominican Rite">Dominican Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbertine_Rite" title="Norbertine Rite">Norbertine Rite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_Mass" title="Low Mass">Low Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_cantata" title="Missa cantata">Missa Cantata</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Mass" title="Solemn Mass">Solemn Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">Pontifical High Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass" title="Papal Mass">Papal Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sine_populo" title="Sine populo">sine populo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_Mass" title="Votive Mass">Votive Mass</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Ritual_Masses" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ritual_Masses" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritual Masses">Ritual Masses</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Mass" title="Blue Mass">Blue Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapter_and_Conventual_Mass" title="Chapter and Conventual Mass">Chapter and Conventual Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_Mass" title="Coronation Mass">Coronation Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold Mass">Gold Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuptial_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Nuptial Mass">Nuptial Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Mass" title="Red Mass">Red Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rose_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Rose Mass">Rose Mass</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Requiem Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Month%27s_mind" title="Month's mind">Month's mind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Mass" class="mw-redirect" title="White Mass">White Mass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Language</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_use_of_Latin" title="Liturgical use of Latin">Liturgical use of Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Latin" title="Ecclesiastical Latin">Ecclesiastical Latin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vernacular" title="Vernacular">Vernacular</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Order of Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Pre-Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vesting_prayers" title="Vesting prayers">Vesting prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asperges" title="Asperges">Asperges me</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vidi_aquam" title="Vidi aquam">Vidi aquam</a> in <a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Eastertide</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processional_hymn" title="Processional hymn">Processional hymn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Liturgy of<br />the Word</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross" title="Sign of the cross">Sign of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalm_43" title="Psalm 43">Psalm 43</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Introit" title="Introit">Entrance Antiphon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penitential_Act" title="Penitential Act">Penitential Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Confiteor" title="Confiteor">Confiteor</a> / <a href="/wiki/Kyrie" title="Kyrie">Kyrie</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gloria_in_excelsis_Deo" title="Gloria in excelsis Deo">Gloria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominus_vobiscum" title="Dominus vobiscum">Dominus vobiscum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collect" title="Collect">Collect</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oremus" title="Oremus">Oremus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalms#Roman_Catholic_usage" title="Psalms">Responsorial Psalm</a> or <a href="/wiki/Gradual" title="Gradual">Gradual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistle_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Epistle (liturgy)">Epistle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alleluia#Roman_Rite" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tract_(liturgy)" title="Tract (liturgy)">Tract</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sequence_(musical_form)" title="Sequence (musical form)">sequence</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_(liturgy)#Uses_in_the_Western_Churches" title="Gospel (liturgy)">Gospel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homily" title="Homily">Homily</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credo" title="Credo">Credo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed</a> or <a href="/wiki/Apostles%27_Creed" title="Apostles' Creed">Apostles' Creed</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Intercessions" title="General Intercessions">Universal Prayer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Liturgy of<br />the Eucharist</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Offertory" title="Offertory">Offertory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orate_fratres" title="Orate fratres">Orate fratres</a> / <a href="/wiki/Secret_(liturgy)" title="Secret (liturgy)">prayer over the gifts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preface_(liturgy)" title="Preface (liturgy)">Preface</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sursum_corda" title="Sursum corda">Sursum corda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sanctus" title="Sanctus">Sanctus</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hosanna" title="Hosanna">Hosanna</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_(liturgy)" title="Anaphora (liturgy)">Eucharistic Prayer</a>/<a href="/wiki/Canon_of_the_Mass" title="Canon of the Mass">Canon of the Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oblation" title="Oblation">oblation</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Epiclesis" title="Epiclesis">epiclesis</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Words_of_Institution" title="Words of Institution">Words of Institution</a> / <a href="/wiki/Elevation_(liturgy)" title="Elevation (liturgy)">elevation</a> / <i><a href="/wiki/Anamnesis_(Christianity)" title="Anamnesis (Christianity)">anamnesis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_and_rubrics_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon">texts and rubrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canonical_digits" title="Canonical digits">Canonical digits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_and_rubrics_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon">Roman Canon</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="History of the Roman Canon">history</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_Acclamation" title="Memorial Acclamation">Memorial Acclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Lord's Prayer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embolism_(liturgy)" title="Embolism (liturgy)">embolism</a> / <a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_doxology" class="mw-redirect" title="Eucharistic doxology">doxology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pax_(liturgy)" title="Pax (liturgy)">Pax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_peace" class="mw-redirect" title="Kiss of peace">Sign of peace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agnus_Dei" title="Agnus Dei">Agnus Dei</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dona_nobis_pacem" title="Dona nobis pacem">Dona nobis pacem</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fraction_(religion)" title="Fraction (religion)">Fraction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Holy Communion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communion_(chant)" title="Communion (chant)">Communion antiphon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ablution_in_Christianity" title="Ablution in Christianity">Ablutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postcommunion" title="Postcommunion">Postcommunion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dismissal_(liturgy)" title="Dismissal (liturgy)">Dismissal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ite,_missa_est" title="Ite, missa est">Ite, missa est</a> / <a href="/wiki/Benedicamus_Domino" title="Benedicamus Domino">Benedicamus Domino</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Last_Gospel" title="Last Gospel">Last Gospel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Post-Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Leonine_Prayers" title="Leonine Prayers">Leonine Prayers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recessional_hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Recessional hymn">Recessional hymn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_server" title="Altar server">Altar server</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Female_altar_servers" title="Female altar servers">female</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boat_boy" class="mw-redirect" title="Boat boy">Boat boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantor_(Christianity)" title="Cantor (Christianity)">Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">Choir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifer" title="Crucifer">Crucifer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extraordinary_minister_of_Holy_Communion" title="Extraordinary minister of Holy Communion">Extraordinary minister of Holy Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_congress" title="Eucharistic congress">Eucharistic Congress</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lector" title="Lector">Lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">Subdeacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_usher" title="Church usher">Usher</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Altar_(Catholic_Church)" title="Altar (Catholic Church)">Altar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_crucifix" class="mw-redirect" title="Altar crucifix">Altar crucifix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_rail" title="Altar rail">Altar rails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">Ambo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antependium" title="Antependium">Antependium</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_(Catholic_Church)#Candles_and_candlesticks" title="Altar (Catholic Church)">Candles and candlesticks</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Triple_candlestick_(Catholic_Church)" title="Triple candlestick (Catholic Church)">Triple candlestick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_candle" title="Paschal candle">Paschal candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_lamp" title="Sanctuary lamp">Sanctuary lamp</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalice_veil" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalice veil">Chalice veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_bench" title="Communion bench">Communion bench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporal_(liturgy)" title="Corporal (liturgy)">Corporal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credence_table" title="Credence table">Credence table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneeler" title="Kneeler">Kneeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavabo" title="Lavabo">Lavabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misericord" title="Misericord">Misericord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pall_(liturgy)" class="mw-redirect" title="Pall (liturgy)">Pall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscina" title="Piscina">Piscina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purificator" class="mw-redirect" title="Purificator">Purificator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rood" title="Rood">Rood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle" title="Church tabernacle">Tabernacle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Liturgical<br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_bell" title="Altar bell">Altar bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ash_Wednesday#Christian_use_of_ashes" title="Ash Wednesday">Ashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspergillum" title="Aspergillum">Aspergillum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Censer" title="Censer">Censer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalice#Christian" title="Chalice">Chalice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciborium_(container)" title="Ciborium (container)">Ciborium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crotalus_(instrument)" title="Crotalus (instrument)">Crotalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offertory#Collection_of_alms" title="Offertory">Collection basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion-plate" title="Communion-plate">Communion-plate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruet" title="Cruet">Cruet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evangeliary" title="Evangeliary">Evangeliary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fistula_(liturgical_object)" title="Fistula (liturgical object)">Fistula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flabellum" title="Flabellum">Flabellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funghellino" title="Funghellino">Funghellino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_water" title="Holy water">Holy water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">Incense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_use_of_incense#Christianity" title="Religious use of incense">use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuterge" title="Manuterge">Manuterge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paten" title="Paten">Paten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processional_cross" title="Processional cross">Processional cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyx" title="Pyx">Pyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">Sacramental bread</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wafer" title="Wafer">wafer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_wine" title="Sacramental wine">Sacramental wine</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Must" title="Must">must</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurible" title="Thurible">Thurible</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_books_of_the_Roman_Rite" title="Liturgical books of the Roman Rite">Liturgical books</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antiphonary" title="Antiphonary">Antiphonary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A6remoniale_Episcoporum" class="mw-redirect" title="Cæremoniale Episcoporum">Ceremonial of Bishops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customary_(liturgy)" title="Customary (liturgy)">Customary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Gradual" title="Roman Gradual">Roman Gradual</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Graduale_Simplex" title="Graduale Simplex">Graduale Simplex</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Roman Missal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Worship:_The_Missal" title="Divine Worship: The Missal">Divine Worship: The Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramentary" title="Sacramentary">Sacramentary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lectionary" title="Lectionary">Lectionary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Pontifical" title="Roman Pontifical">Roman Pontifical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonary" title="Tonary">Tonary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">Vestments</a><br /></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">Alb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amice" title="Amice">Amice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasuble" title="Chasuble">Chasuble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatic" title="Dalmatic">Dalmatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_sandals" title="Episcopal sandals">Episcopal sandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humeral_veil" title="Humeral veil">Humeral veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallium" title="Pallium">Pallium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_vestments" title="Pontifical vestments">Pontifical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">Stole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">Surplice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunicle" title="Tunicle">Tunicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimpa" title="Vimpa">Vimpa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year#Catholic_Church_liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Calendars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_calendar" title="Tridentine calendar">Tridentine calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1954" title="General Roman Calendar of 1954">General Roman Calendar of 1954</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_Pope_Pius_XII" title="General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII">General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1960" title="General Roman Calendar of 1960">General Roman Calendar of 1960</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar" title="General Roman Calendar">General Roman Calendar</a> (current)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:gold">Periods</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent" title="Advent">Advent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmastide" title="Christmastide">Christmastide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ordinary_Time" title="Ordinary Time">Ordinary Time</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Septuagesima" title="Septuagesima">Septuagesima</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passiontide" title="Passiontide">Passiontide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Triduum" title="Paschal Triduum">Paschal Triduum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Eastertide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Ascensiontide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_discipline#Catholic_practice" title="Eucharistic discipline">Eucharistic<br />discipline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Abstemius" title="Abstemius">Abstemius</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concelebration" title="Concelebration">Concelebration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_etiquette" title="Church etiquette">Church etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_communion" title="Closed communion">Closed communion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_844" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon 844">Canon 844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_915" title="Canon 915">Canon 915</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_and_the_developmentally_disabled" title="Communion and the developmentally disabled">Communion and the developmentally disabled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_under_both_kinds" title="Communion under both kinds">Communion under both kinds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_in_the_Catholic_Church#Eucharistic_Fast" title="Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church">Eucharistic fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Communion" title="First Communion">First Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frequent_Communion" title="Frequent Communion">Frequent Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genuflection" title="Genuflection">Genuflection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_head_covering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian head covering">Head cover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Host_desecration" title="Host desecration">Host desecration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_communion" title="Infant communion">Infant communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intinction" title="Intinction">Intinction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserved_sacrament" title="Reserved sacrament">Reserved sacrament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">Sacramental bread</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sacramental_wine" title="Sacramental wine">wine</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Must" title="Must">must</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiritual_communion" title="Spiritual communion">Spiritual communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_after_Communion" title="Thanksgiving after Communion">Thanksgiving after Communion</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anima_Christi" title="Anima Christi">Anima Christi</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Viaticum" title="Viaticum">Viaticum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_theology#Roman_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharistic theology">Eucharistic<br />theology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_Christ" title="Body of Christ">Body</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blood_of_Christ" title="Blood of Christ">Blood of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Corpus_Christi" title="Feast of Corpus Christi">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epiousion" title="Epiousion">Epiousion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_in_Christianity#Roman_Catholicism" title="Grace in Christianity">Grace</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Ex_opere_operato" title="Ex opere operato">ex opere operato</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_persona_Christi" title="In persona Christi">In persona Christi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_roots_of_Catholic_Eucharistic_theology" class="mw-redirect" title="Historical roots of Catholic Eucharistic theology">Historical roots of Catholic Eucharistic theology</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koinonia" title="Koinonia">Koinonia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_colours" title="Liturgical colours">Liturgical colours</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mirae_caritatis" title="Mirae caritatis">Mirae caritatis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mysterium_fidei_(encyclical)" title="Mysterium fidei (encyclical)"><i>Mysterium fidei</i> (encyclical)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Eucharist" title="Origin of the Eucharist">Origin of the Eucharist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">salvific nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_of_Melchizedek" title="Priesthood of Melchizedek">Priesthood of Melchizedek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_presence_of_Christ_in_the_Eucharist#Catholic:_Objective,_substantial_and_entire" title="Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist">Real presence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transubstantiation" title="Transubstantiation">Transubstantiation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Year_of_the_Eucharist" title="Year of the Eucharist">Year of the Eucharist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Regulations<br />and concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Accentus" title="Accentus">Accentus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_orientem" title="Ad orientem">Ad orientem</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Versus_populum" title="Versus populum">versus populum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Calendar of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Canon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Rubrics" title="Code of Rubrics">Code of Rubrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commemoration_(liturgy)" title="Commemoration (liturgy)">Commemoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Instruction_of_the_Roman_Missal" title="General Instruction of the Roman Missal">General Instruction of the Roman Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_day_of_obligation" title="Holy day of obligation">Holy day of obligation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercession_of_saints" title="Intercession of saints">Intercession of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Mass" title="Order of Mass">Ordinary</a> and <a href="/wiki/Proper_(liturgy)" title="Proper (liturgy)">Propers</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pro_multis" title="Pro multis">Pro multis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabbath_in_Christianity#Roman_Catholicism" title="Sabbath in Christianity">Sunday</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Day" title="Lord's Day">Lord's Day</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agape_feast" title="Agape feast">Agape feast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_of_the_Apostolic_Tradition" title="Anaphora of the Apostolic Tradition">Anaphora of the Apostolic Tradition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Catholic theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_liturgy" title="Christian liturgy">Christian liturgy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic liturgy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_prayer" title="Christian prayer">Christian prayer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prayer_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Prayer in the Catholic Church">effects of prayer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" title="Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments">Dicastery for Divine Worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ecclesia_de_Eucharistia" title="Ecclesia de Eucharistia">Ecclesia de Eucharistia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_adoration" title="Eucharistic adoration">Eucharistic adoration</a> and <a href="/wiki/Benediction_of_the_Blessed_Sacrament" title="Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament">benediction</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Dominicae_cenae" title="Dominicae cenae">Dominicae Cenae</a></i> / <a href="/wiki/Holy_Hour" title="Holy Hour">Holy Hour</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle" title="Eucharistic miracle">Eucharistic miracle</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fermentum" title="Fermentum">Fermentum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Council_of_the_Lateran" title="Fourth Council of the Lateran">Fourth Council of the Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gelineau_psalmody" title="Gelineau psalmody">Gelineau psalmody</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="History of the Roman Canon">History of the Roman Canon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lex_orandi,_lex_credendi" title="Lex orandi, lex credendi">Lex orandi, lex credendi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_Movement" title="Liturgical Movement">Liturgical Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_reforms_of_Pope_Pius_XII" title="Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII">Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mediator_Dei" title="Mediator Dei">Mediator Dei</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missale_Romanum_(apostolic_constitution)" title="Missale Romanum (apostolic constitution)"><i>Missale Romanum</i> (apostolic constitution)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_Catholic_liturgical_music" title="Contemporary Catholic liturgical music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Paul_VI" title="Pope Paul VI">Pope Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Vatican_Council" title="Second Vatican Council">Second Vatican Council</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Sacrosanctum_Concilium" title="Sacrosanctum Concilium">Sacrosanctum concilium</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summorum_Pontificum" title="Summorum Pontificum">Summorum Pontificum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Traditionis_custodes" title="Traditionis custodes">Traditionis custodes</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stercoranism" title="Stercoranism">Stercoranism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tra_le_sollecitudini" title="Tra le sollecitudini">Tra le sollecitudini</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tridentine_Mass_of_the_Catholic_Church" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Tridentine_Latin_Mass" title="Template:Tridentine Latin Mass"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Tridentine_Latin_Mass" title="Template talk:Tridentine Latin Mass"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Tridentine_Latin_Mass" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Tridentine Latin Mass"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tridentine_Mass_of_the_Catholic_Church" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chapter_and_Conventual_Mass" title="Chapter and Conventual Mass">Chapter and conventual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Low_Mass" title="Low Mass">Low</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Singmesse" title="Deutsche Singmesse">Deutsche Singmesse</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_Mass" title="Dialogue Mass">Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Organ_Mass" title="French Organ Mass">French Organ</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_cantata" title="Missa cantata">Missa cantata</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_sicca" title="Missa sicca">Missa Sicca</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ritual_Masses" class="mw-redirect" title="Ritual Masses">Ritual</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coronation_Mass" title="Coronation Mass">Coronation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_coronation" title="Papal coronation">Papal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Requiem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">Nuptial</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Mass" title="Solemn Mass">Solemn</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">Pontifical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass" title="Papal Mass">Papal</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sine_populo" title="Sine populo">Sine populo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Votive_Mass" title="Votive Mass">Votive</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Red_Mass" title="Red Mass">Red</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass#Liturgical_structure" title="Tridentine Mass">Order</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Pre-Mass</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vesting_prayers" title="Vesting prayers">Vesting prayers</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Asperges" title="Asperges">Asperges me</a></i> <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/Vidi_aquam" title="Vidi aquam">Vidi aquam</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Eastertide</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Processional_hymn" title="Processional hymn">Processional hymn</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_the_Catechumens" title="Mass of the Catechumens">Mass of the Catechumens</a></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Psalm_43" title="Psalm 43">Iudica me</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Confiteor" title="Confiteor">Confiteor</a></i> <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/Mea_culpa" title="Mea culpa">mea culpa</a></i></dd></dl></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Introit" title="Introit">Introit</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Kyrie" title="Kyrie">Kyrie</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Gloria_in_excelsis_Deo" title="Gloria in excelsis Deo">Gloria in excelsis Deo</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Collect" title="Collect">Collect</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Lection" title="Lection">Lection</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gradual" title="Gradual">Gradual</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Alleluia#Roman_Rite" title="Alleluia">Alleluia</a></i> or <a href="/wiki/Tract_(liturgy)" title="Tract (liturgy)">Tract</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Sequence_(musical_form)" title="Sequence (musical form)">Sequentia</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Gospel_(liturgy)#Uses_in_the_Western_Churches" title="Gospel (liturgy)">Gospel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Homily" title="Homily">Homily</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_the_Faithful" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass of the Faithful">Mass of the Faithful</a></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Credo" title="Credo">Credo</a></i> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Nicene_Creed" title="Nicene Creed">Niceno-Constantinopolitan Creed</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Offertory" title="Offertory">Offertory</a> <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/Lavabo" title="Lavabo">Lavabo</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Orate_fratres" title="Orate fratres">Orate fratres</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Secret_(liturgy)" title="Secret (liturgy)">Secret</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Preface_(liturgy)" title="Preface (liturgy)">Preface</a> <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/Sursum_corda" title="Sursum corda">Sursum corda</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Sanctus" title="Sanctus">Sanctus</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Hosanna" title="Hosanna">Hosanna</a></i></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Canon_of_the_Mass" title="Canon of the Mass">Roman Canon</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Oblation" title="Oblation">Oblation</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Epiclesis" title="Epiclesis">Epiclesis</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Words_of_Institution" title="Words of Institution">Words of Institution</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Anamnesis_(Christianity)" title="Anamnesis (Christianity)">Anamnesis</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Elevation_(liturgy)" title="Elevation (liturgy)">Elevation</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_doxology" class="mw-redirect" title="Eucharistic doxology">Doxology</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Prayer" title="Lord's Prayer">Pater Noster</a></i> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Embolism_(liturgy)" title="Embolism (liturgy)">Embolism</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Pax_(liturgy)" title="Pax (liturgy)">Pax</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Agnus_Dei" title="Agnus Dei">Agnus Dei</a></i> <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/Dona_nobis_pacem" title="Dona nobis pacem">Dona nobis pacem</a></i></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Fraction_(religion)" title="Fraction (religion)">Fraction</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Holy Communion</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/Communion_(chant)" title="Communion (chant)">Communion antiphon</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ablution_in_Christianity" title="Ablution in Christianity">Ablutions</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Postcommunion" title="Postcommunion">Postcommunio</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Dismissal_(liturgy)" title="Dismissal (liturgy)">Dismissal</a> <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/Ite,_missa_est" title="Ite, missa est">Ite, missa est</a></i> or <i><a href="/wiki/Benedicamus_Domino" title="Benedicamus Domino">Benedicamus Domino</a></i></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Last_Gospel" title="Last Gospel">Last Gospel</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Post-Mass</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Leonine_Prayers" title="Leonine Prayers">Leonine prayers</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Recessional_hymn" class="mw-redirect" title="Recessional hymn">Recessional hymn</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>For <a href="/wiki/Catholic_funeral" title="Catholic funeral">funeral Mass</a></dt> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Dies_irae" title="Dies irae">Dies irae</a></i> <dl><dd><i><a href="/wiki/Pie_Jesu" title="Pie Jesu">Pie Iesu</a></i></dd></dl></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Libera_me" title="Libera me">Libera Me</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Rest_in_peace" title="Rest in peace">Requiescant in pace</a></i></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Absolution_of_the_dead" title="Absolution of the dead">Absolution of the dead</a></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/In_paradisum" title="In paradisum">In paradisum</a></i></dd> <dd><i><a href="/wiki/Psalm_130" title="Psalm 130">De profundis</a></i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Participants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acolyte" title="Acolyte">Acolyte</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_server" title="Altar server">altar server</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bishops_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Bishops in the Catholic Church">Bishop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boat_boy" class="mw-redirect" title="Boat boy">Boat boy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantor_(Christianity)" title="Cantor (Christianity)">Cantor</a> or <a href="/wiki/Choir" title="Choir">schola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crucifer" title="Crucifer">Crucifer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deacon" title="Deacon">Deacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_laity" title="Catholic laity">Laity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reader_(liturgy)" title="Reader (liturgy)">Lector</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_of_ceremonies" title="Master of ceremonies">Master of ceremonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ostiarius" title="Ostiarius">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Priesthood in the Catholic Church">Priest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subdeacon" title="Subdeacon">Subdeacon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Altar_(Catholic_Church)" title="Altar (Catholic Church)">Altar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_cards" title="Altar cards">Altar cards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_crucifix" class="mw-redirect" title="Altar crucifix">Altar crucifix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_rail" title="Altar rail">Altar rails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulpit" title="Pulpit">Ambo</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Antependium" title="Antependium">Antependium</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Credence_table" title="Credence table">Credence table</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kneeler" title="Kneeler">Kneeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavabo" title="Lavabo">Lavabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misericord" title="Misericord">Misericord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piscina" title="Piscina">Piscina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacristy" title="Sacristy">Sacristy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_tabernacle" title="Church tabernacle">Tabernacle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Altar_cloth" title="Altar cloth">Altar cloths</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_cloth" title="Altar cloth">Altar linens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antependium" title="Antependium">Antependium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_cloth" title="Altar cloth">Burse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_cloth" title="Altar cloth">Chalice veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corporal_(liturgy)" title="Corporal (liturgy)">Corporal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_cloth" title="Altar cloth">Pall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altar_cloth" title="Altar cloth">Purificator</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Illumination</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_(Catholic_Church)#Candles_and_candlesticks" title="Altar (Catholic Church)">Altar (Catholic Church)#Candles and candlesticks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_candle" title="Paschal candle">Paschal candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_lamp" title="Sanctuary lamp">Sanctuary lamp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triple_candlestick_(Catholic_Church)" title="Triple candlestick (Catholic Church)">Triple candlestick</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Liturgical<br />objects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Altar_bell" title="Altar bell">Altar bell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspergillum" title="Aspergillum">Aspergillum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chalice#Christian" title="Chalice">Chalice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ciborium_(container)" title="Ciborium (container)">Ciborium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offertory#Collection_of_alms" title="Offertory">Collection basket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruet" title="Cruet">Cruet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fistula_(liturgical_object)" title="Fistula (liturgical object)">Fistula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flabellum" title="Flabellum">Flabellum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funghellino" title="Funghellino">Funghellino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_water" title="Holy water">Holy water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incense" title="Incense">Incense</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Religious_use_of_incense#Christianity" title="Religious use of incense">use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuterge" title="Manuterge">Manuterge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paten" title="Paten">Paten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Processional_cross" title="Processional cross">Processional cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pyx" title="Pyx">Pyx</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_bread" title="Sacramental bread">Sacramental bread</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Wafer" title="Wafer">wafer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramental_wine" title="Sacramental wine">Sacramental wine</a> (or <a href="/wiki/Must" title="Must">must</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thurible" title="Thurible">Thurible</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_books_of_the_Roman_Rite" title="Liturgical books of the Roman Rite">Literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A6remoniale_Episcoporum" class="mw-redirect" title="Cæremoniale Episcoporum">Cæremoniale Episcoporum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Missale Romanum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Pontifical" title="Roman Pontifical">Pontificale Romanum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Ritual" title="Roman Ritual">Rituale Romanum</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vestment" title="Vestment">Vestments</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Pontifical_vestments" title="Pontifical vestments">Pontifical</a>/<a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass#Vestments" title="Papal Mass">Papal</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alb" title="Alb">Alb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amice" title="Amice">Amice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chasuble" title="Chasuble">Chasuble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincture" title="Cincture">Cincture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cope" title="Cope">Cope</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crosier" class="mw-redirect" title="Crosier">Crosier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalmatic" title="Dalmatic">Dalmatic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_gloves" title="Episcopal gloves">Episcopal gloves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_ring" title="Ecclesiastical ring">Ecclesiastical ring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Episcopal_sandals" title="Episcopal sandals">Episcopal sandals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falda" title="Falda">Falda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humeral_veil" title="Humeral veil">Humeral veil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_lace" title="Liturgical lace">Liturgical lace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitre" title="Mitre">Mitre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallium" title="Pallium">Pallium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_fanon" title="Papal fanon">Papal fanon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_tiara" title="Papal tiara">Papal tiara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pectoral_cross" title="Pectoral cross">Pectoral cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stole_(vestment)" title="Stole (vestment)">Stole</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subcinctorium" title="Subcinctorium">Subcinctorium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rationale_(vestment)" title="Rationale (vestment)">Superhumerale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surplice" title="Surplice">Surplice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunicle" title="Tunicle">Tunicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vimpa" title="Vimpa">Vimpa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mass_(music)" title="Mass (music)">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antiphon" title="Antiphon">Antiphon</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Gradual" title="Roman Gradual">Graduale Romanum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_chant" title="Gregorian chant">Gregorian chant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Catholic_hymns" title="List of Catholic hymns">Hymn</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kyriale" title="Kyriale">Kyriale Romanum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Liber_Usualis" title="Liber Usualis">Liber Usualis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_for_the_Requiem_Mass" title="Music for the Requiem Mass">Music for the Requiem Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_organ" class="mw-redirect" title="Church organ">Organ</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Voluntary_(music)" title="Voluntary (music)">voluntary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organum" title="Organum">Organum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyphony#Catholic_Church" title="Polyphony">Polyphony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reciting_tone" title="Reciting tone">Reciting tone</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Accentus" title="Accentus">Accentus</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Recto_tono" title="Recto tono">Recto tono</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tra_le_sollecitudini" title="Tra le sollecitudini">Tra le sollecitudini</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonary" title="Tonary">Tonary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gregorian_Antiphonary" title="Gregorian Antiphonary">Gregorian Antiphonary</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_year#Catholic_Church_liturgical_year" title="Liturgical year">Liturgical year</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_calendar" title="Tridentine calendar">Calendar</a><br /> <small>(<a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1954" title="General Roman Calendar of 1954">1954</a>/<a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_Pope_Pius_XII" title="General Roman Calendar of Pope Pius XII">1955</a>/<a href="/wiki/General_Roman_Calendar_of_1960" title="General Roman Calendar of 1960">1960</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advent" title="Advent">Advent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christmastide" title="Christmastide">Christmastide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epiphany_(holiday)" title="Epiphany (holiday)">Epiphanytide</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Septuagesima" title="Septuagesima">Septuagesima</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lent" title="Lent">Lent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passiontide" title="Passiontide">Passiontide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Week" title="Holy Week">Holy Week</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paschal_Triduum" title="Paschal Triduum">Paschal Triduum</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eastertide" title="Eastertide">Eastertide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_the_Ascension" title="Feast of the Ascension">Ascensiontide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecost" title="Pentecost">After Pentecost</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Calendar_of_saints" title="Calendar of saints">Calendar of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_day_of_obligation" title="Holy day of obligation">Holy day of obligation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moveable_feast" title="Moveable feast">Moveable feast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octave_(liturgy)" title="Octave (liturgy)">Octaves</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ranking_of_liturgical_days_in_the_Roman_Rite" title="Ranking of liturgical days in the Roman Rite">Ranking of liturgical days</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Solemnity" title="Solemnity">Solemnity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial_(liturgy)" title="Memorial (liturgy)">Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commemoration_(liturgy)" title="Commemoration (liturgy)">Commemoration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feria" title="Feria">Feria</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_discipline" title="Eucharistic discipline">Discipline</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canonical_digits" title="Canonical digits">Canonical digits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_etiquette" title="Church etiquette">Church etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Closed_communion" title="Closed communion">Closed communion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_844" class="mw-redirect" title="Canon 844">Canon 844</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_915" title="Canon 915">Canon 915</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_and_the_developmentally_disabled" title="Communion and the developmentally disabled">Communion and the developmentally disabled</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communion_under_both_kinds" title="Communion under both kinds">Communion under both kinds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fasting_and_abstinence_in_the_Catholic_Church#Eucharistic_Fast" title="Fasting and abstinence in the Catholic Church">Eucharistic fast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Communion" title="First Communion">First Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genuflection" title="Genuflection">Genuflection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christian_head_covering" class="mw-redirect" title="Christian head covering">Head cover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Host_desecration" title="Host desecration">Host desecration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Infant_communion" title="Infant communion">Infant communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reserved_sacrament" title="Reserved sacrament">Reserved sacrament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sign_of_the_cross" title="Sign of the cross">Sign of the Cross</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thanksgiving_after_Communion" title="Thanksgiving after Communion">Thanksgiving after Communion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viaticum" title="Viaticum">Viaticum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_theology" title="Eucharistic theology">Theology</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blessed_Sacrament" class="mw-redirect" title="Blessed Sacrament">Blessed Sacrament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_of_Christ" title="Body of Christ">Body</a> and <a href="/wiki/Blood_of_Christ" title="Blood of Christ">Blood of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feast_of_Corpus_Christi" title="Feast of Corpus Christi">Corpus Christi</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Epiousion" title="Epiousion">Epiousion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_miracle" title="Eucharistic miracle">Eucharistic miracle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_in_Christianity#Roman_Catholicism" title="Grace in Christianity">Grace</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Ex_opere_operato" title="Ex opere operato">ex opere operato</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_persona_Christi" title="In persona Christi">In persona Christi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Catholic_eucharistic_theology" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Catholic eucharistic theology">History of Catholic eucharistic theology</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Koinonia" title="Koinonia">Koinonia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_colours" title="Liturgical colours">Liturgical colours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Origin_of_the_Eucharist" title="Origin of the Eucharist">Origin of the Eucharist</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Last_Supper" title="Last Supper">Last Supper</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_of_Jesus" title="Passion of Jesus">Passion of Jesus</a> and its <a href="/wiki/Salvation_in_Christianity" title="Salvation in Christianity">salvific nature</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priesthood_of_Melchizedek" title="Priesthood of Melchizedek">Priesthood of Melchizedek</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pro_multis" title="Pro multis">Pro multis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_presence_of_Christ_in_the_Eucharist#Roman_Catholic_and_Orthodox_views" title="Real presence of Christ in the Eucharist">Real presence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transubstantiation" title="Transubstantiation">Transubstantiation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ad_orientem" title="Ad orientem">Ad orientem</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canon_law_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Canon law of the Catholic Church">Canon law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_of_Rubrics" title="Code of Rubrics">Code of Rubrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concelebration" title="Concelebration">Concelebration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Latin" title="Ecclesiastical Latin">Ecclesiastical Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercession_of_saints" title="Intercession of saints">Intercession of saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Mass" title="Order of Mass">Ordinary</a> & <a href="/wiki/Proper_(liturgy)" title="Proper (liturgy)">propers</a> (<a href="/wiki/Common_(liturgy)" title="Common (liturgy)">common</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabbath_in_Christianity#Roman_Catholicism" title="Sabbath in Christianity">Sunday</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lord%27s_Day" title="Lord's Day">Lord's Day</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Text_and_rubrics_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon">Text and rubrics of the Roman Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulgate" title="Vulgate">Vulgate</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sixto-Clementine_Vulgate" title="Sixto-Clementine Vulgate">Sixto-Clementine</a>) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Latin_Psalters" title="Latin Psalters">Latin Psalters</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agape_feast" title="Agape feast">Agape feast</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Alternatim" title="Alternatim">Alternatim</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anaphora_(liturgy)" title="Anaphora (liturgy)">Anaphora</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Anima_Christi" title="Anima Christi">Anima Christi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspersion" title="Aspersion">Aspersion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">Catholic liturgy</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Coetus_Internationalis_Patrum" title="Coetus Internationalis Patrum">Coetus Internationalis Patrum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_communities_using_the_Tridentine_Mass" title="List of communities using the Tridentine Mass">Communities using the Tridentine Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indult" title="Indult">Indult</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditionalist_Catholicism" title="Traditionalist Catholicism">Traditionalist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dicastery_for_Divine_Worship_and_the_Discipline_of_the_Sacraments" title="Dicastery for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments">Dicastery for Divine Worship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Council_of_Trent" title="Council of Trent">Council of Trent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharistic_adoration" title="Eucharistic adoration">Eucharistic adoration</a> & <a href="/wiki/Benediction_of_the_Blessed_Sacrament" title="Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament">benediction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Hour" title="Holy Hour">Holy Hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forty_Hours%27_Devotion" title="Forty Hours' Devotion">Forty Hours' Devotion</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourth_Council_of_the_Lateran" title="Fourth Council of the Lateran">Fourth Council of the Lateran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Book" title="Gospel Book">Gospel Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Roman_Canon" title="History of the Roman Canon">History of the Roman Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latin_liturgical_rites" title="Latin liturgical rites">Latin liturgical rites</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Lex_orandi,_lex_credendi" title="Lex orandi, lex credendi">Lex orandi, lex credendi</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Litany" title="Litany">Litany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_Movement" title="Liturgical Movement">Liturgical Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_reforms_of_Pope_Pius_XII" title="Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII">Liturgical reforms of Pope Pius XII</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_use_of_Latin" title="Liturgical use of Latin">Liturgical use of Latin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missal" title="Missal">Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indulgence" title="Indulgence">Plenary indulgence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_Commission_Ecclesia_Dei" title="Pontifical Commission Ecclesia Dei">Pontifical Commission <i>Ecclesia Dei</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pope_Pius_V" title="Pope Pius V">Pope Pius V</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Preces" title="Preces">Preces</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Tridentine_Mass" title="Pre-Tridentine Mass">Pre-Tridentine Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quattuor_abhinc_annos" title="Quattuor abhinc annos">Quattuor abhinc annos</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Quo_primum" title="Quo primum">Quo primum</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_theology" title="Catholic theology">Catholic theology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramentary" title="Sacramentary">Sacramentary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments of the Catholic Church</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Summorum_Pontificum" title="Summorum Pontificum">Summorum Pontificum</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Traditionis_custodes" title="Traditionis custodes">Traditionis custodes</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Rite_Orthodoxy" title="Western Rite Orthodoxy">Western Rite Orthodoxy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" 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href="/wiki/Template:Sacraments,_rites,_and_liturgies_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template:Sacraments, rites, and liturgies of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Sacraments,_rites,_and_liturgies_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Template talk:Sacraments, rites, and liturgies of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Sacraments,_rites,_and_liturgies_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Sacraments, rites, and liturgies of the Catholic Church"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Sacraments,_rites,_and_liturgies_of_the_Catholic_Church" class="wraplinks" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catholic_particular_churches_and_liturgical_rites" title="Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites">rites</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Catholic_liturgy" title="Catholic liturgy">liturgies</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic Church</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sacraments_of_the_Catholic_Church" title="Sacraments of the Catholic Church">Sacraments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baptism_(Catholic_Church)" class="mw-redirect" title="Baptism (Catholic Church)">Baptism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Confirmation_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Confirmation in the Catholic Church">Confirmation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucharist_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Eucharist in the Catholic Church">Eucharist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrament_of_Penance" title="Sacrament of Penance">Penance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anointing_of_the_Sick_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Anointing of the Sick in the Catholic Church">Anointing of the Sick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_orders_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Holy orders in the Catholic Church">Holy Orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marriage_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Marriage in the Catholic Church">Matrimony</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Eucharistic liturgies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy" title="Divine Liturgy">Divine Liturgy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy_of_the_Presanctified_Gifts" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts">Divine Liturgy of the Presanctified Gifts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy_of_St._Basil_the_Great" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine Liturgy of St. Basil the Great">Divine Liturgy of St. Basil the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Liturgy_of_St._John_Chrysostom" class="mw-redirect" title="Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom">Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Qurbana" title="Holy Qurbana">Holy Qurbana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Qurbono" class="mw-redirect" title="Holy Qurbono">Holy Qurbono</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Mass in the Catholic Church">Mass</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_Mass" title="Low Mass">Low Mass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_cantata" title="Missa cantata">Missa Cantata</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solemn_Mass" title="Solemn Mass">Solemn Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical_High_Mass" title="Pontifical High Mass">Pontifical High Mass</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papal_Mass" title="Papal Mass">Papal Mass</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Canonical_hours" title="Canonical hours">Canonical hours</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgical hours</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Matins" title="Matins">Matins</a> (nighttime)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lauds" title="Lauds">Lauds</a> (early morning)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_(liturgy)" title="Prime (liturgy)">Prime</a> (first hour of daylight)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terce" title="Terce">Terce</a> (third hour)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sext" title="Sext">Sext</a> (noon)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nones_(liturgy)" title="Nones (liturgy)">Nones</a> (ninth hour)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vespers" title="Vespers">Vespers</a> (sunset/evening) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Evensong" title="Evensong">Evensong</a> (Anglican Use Vespers)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramsha" title="Ramsha">Ramsha</a> (West Syriac Vespers)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compline" title="Compline">Compline</a> (end of the day)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Other liturgical services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asperges" title="Asperges">Asperges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benediction_of_the_Blessed_Sacrament" title="Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament">Benediction of the Blessed Sacrament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exorcism_in_the_Catholic_Church" title="Exorcism in the Catholic Church">Exorcism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_funeral" title="Catholic funeral">Funeral</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Requiem</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgy of the Hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Procession#Catholic_Church" title="Procession">Procession</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_book" title="Liturgical book">Liturgical literature</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agpeya" title="Agpeya">Agpeya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiphonary" title="Antiphonary">Antiphonary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_hours" title="Book of hours">Book of hours</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breviary" title="Breviary">Breviary</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Breviary" title="Roman Breviary">Roman Breviary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Customary_(liturgy)" title="Customary (liturgy)">Customary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euchologion" title="Euchologion">Euchologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gospel_Book" title="Gospel Book">Gospel Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gradual" title="Gradual">Gradual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horologion" title="Horologion">Horologion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lectionary" title="Lectionary">Lectionary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liturgy_of_the_Hours" title="Liturgy of the Hours">Liturgy of the Hours</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Worship:_Daily_Office" title="Divine Worship: Daily Office">Divine Worship: Daily Office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martyrology" title="Martyrology">Martyrology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontifical" title="Pontifical">Pontifical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Pontifical" title="Roman Pontifical">Roman Pontifical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalter" title="Psalter">Psalter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Missal" title="Missal">Missal</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Divine_Worship:_The_Missal" title="Divine Worship: The Missal">Divine Worship: The Missal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Missal" title="Roman Missal">Roman Missal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonary" title="Tonary">Tonary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Ritual" title="Roman Ritual">Roman Ritual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacramentary" title="Sacramentary">Sacramentary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sacred_language" title="Sacred language">Liturgical language</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ecclesiastical_Latin" title="Ecclesiastical Latin">Ecclesiastical Latin</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Liturgical_use_of_Latin" title="Liturgical use of Latin">Liturgical use of Latin</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_particular_churches_and_liturgical_rites" title="Catholic particular churches and liturgical rites">Liturgical<br />rites</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Latin_Church" title="Latin Church">Latin Church</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Latin_liturgical_rites" title="Latin liturgical rites">Latin<br />liturgical rites</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Current" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosian_Rite" title="Ambrosian Rite">Ambrosian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rite_of_Braga" title="Rite of Braga">Rite of Braga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozarabic_Rite" title="Mozarabic Rite">Mozarabic Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roman_Rite" title="Roman Rite">Roman Rite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mass_of_Paul_VI" title="Mass of Paul VI">Mass of Paul VI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preconciliar_rites_after_the_Second_Vatican_Council" title="Preconciliar rites after the Second Vatican Council">Extraordinary Form</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tridentine_Mass" title="Tridentine Mass">Tridentine Mass</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anglican_Use" title="Anglican Use">Anglican Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaire_Use" title="Zaire Use">Zaire Use</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Catholic_order_liturgical_rite" title="Catholic order liturgical rite">Orders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benedictine_Rite" title="Benedictine Rite">Benedictine Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelite_Rite" title="Carmelite Rite">Carmelite Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carthusian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Carthusian Rite">Carthusian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cistercian_Rite" title="Cistercian Rite">Cistercian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Rite" title="Dominican Rite">Dominican Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbertine_Rite" title="Norbertine Rite">Norbertine Rite</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Rite" title="African Rite">African Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquileian_Rite" title="Aquileian Rite">Aquileian Rite</a></li> <li>British <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Rite" title="Celtic Rite">Celtic Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Durham_Rite" title="Durham Rite">Durham Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_Hereford" title="Use of Hereford">Hereford Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_Sarum" title="Use of Sarum">Sarum Use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Use_of_York" title="Use of York">York Use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallican_Rite" title="Gallican Rite">Gallican Rite</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_sicca" title="Missa sicca">Missa Nautica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_sicca" title="Missa sicca">Missa sicca</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Missa_sicca" title="Missa sicca">Missa Venatoria</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Tridentine_Mass" title="Pre-Tridentine Mass">Pre-Tridentine Mass</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color:gold;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_Churches" title="Eastern Catholic Churches">Eastern Catholic<br />Churches</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Catholic_liturgy" title="Eastern Catholic liturgy">Eastern Catholic<br />liturgy</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexandrian_Rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandrian Rite">Alexandrian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armenian_Rite" title="Armenian Rite">Armenian Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiochene_Rite" title="Antiochene Rite">Antiochene Rite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/West_Syriac_Rite" title="West Syriac Rite">West Syriac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malankara_Rite" title="Malankara Rite">Malankara</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Rite" title="Byzantine Rite">Byzantine Rite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Syriac_Rite" title="East Syriac Rite">East Syriac Rite</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syro-Malabar_rite" class="mw-redirect" title="Syro-Malabar rite">Malabar</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2" style="background-color:gold"><div><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:046CupolaSPietro.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/16px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg" decoding="async" width="16" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/24px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5a/046CupolaSPietro.jpg/32px-046CupolaSPietro.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Catholic_Church" title="Portal:Catholic Church">Catholic Church portal</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Death_and_mortality_in_art" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Death_and_mortality_in_art" title="Template:Death and mortality in art"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Death_and_mortality_in_art" title="Template talk:Death and mortality in art"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Death_and_mortality_in_art" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Death and mortality in art"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Death_and_mortality_in_art" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Death#Society_and_culture" title="Death">Death</a> and mortality in art</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center">Themes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/All_flesh_is_grass" title="All flesh is grass">All flesh is grass</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Carpe_diem" title="Carpe diem">Carpe diem</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Consolatio" title="Consolatio">Consolatio</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Danse_Macabre" title="Danse Macabre">Danse Macabre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_and_the_Maiden_(motif)" title="Death and the Maiden (motif)">Death and the Maiden</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamentation_of_Christ" title="Lamentation of Christ">Lamentation of Christ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macabre" title="Macabre">Macabre</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Memento_mori" title="Memento mori">Memento mori</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mono_no_aware" title="Mono no aware">Mono no aware</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sic_transit_gloria_mundi" title="Sic transit gloria mundi">Sic transit gloria mundi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ubi_sunt" title="Ubi sunt">Ubi sunt</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Personifications_of_death" title="Personifications of death">Personifications of death</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vanitas" title="Vanitas">Vanitas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center">Forms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_mask" title="Death mask">Death mask</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funerary_art" title="Funerary art">Funerary art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funerary_text" title="Funerary text">Funerary text</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lament" title="Lament">Lament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memorial" title="Memorial">Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mourning" title="Mourning">Mourning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mummy" title="Mummy">Mummy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-mortem_photography" title="Post-mortem photography">Post-mortem photography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tomb" title="Tomb">Tomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragedy" title="Tragedy">Tragedy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wreath#Funeral_and_memorial_wreaths" title="Wreath">Wreath</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dirge" title="Dirge">Dirge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Funeral_march" title="Funeral march">Funeral march</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keening" title="Keening">Keening</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Requiem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Threnody" title="Threnody">Threnody</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Poetry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Death_poem" title="Death poem">Death poem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elegy" title="Elegy">Elegy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elegiac" title="Elegiac">Elegiac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pastoral_elegy" title="Pastoral elegy">Pastoral elegy</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obituary_poetry" title="Obituary poetry">Obituary poetry</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center">Artwork</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Architecture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capuchin_Crypt" title="Capuchin Crypt">Capuchin Crypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catacombs_of_Paris" title="Catacombs of Paris">Catacombs of Paris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sedlec_Ossuary" title="Sedlec Ossuary">Sedlec Ossuary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capuchin_catacombs_of_palermo" class="mw-redirect" title="Capuchin catacombs of palermo">Capuchin catacombs of palermo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_death" title="Category:Films about death">Film</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Seventh_Seal" title="The Seventh Seal">The Seventh Seal</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ars_moriendi" title="Ars moriendi">Ars moriendi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bardo_Thodol" title="Bardo Thodol">Bardo Thodol</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_of_Job" title="Book of Job">Book of Job</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Book_of_the_Dead" title="Book of the Dead">Book of the Dead</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Left_Ginza" title="Left Ginza">Left Ginza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/To_be,_or_not_to_be" title="To be, or not to be">Hamlet's soliloquy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Masque_of_the_Red_Death" title="The Masque of the Red Death">The Masque of the Red Death</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Category:Death_in_music" title="Category:Death in music">Music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Danse_macabre_(Saint-Sa%C3%ABns)" title="Danse macabre (Saint-Saëns)">Danse macabre</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_and_Transfiguration" title="Death and Transfiguration">Death and Transfiguration</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Der_Tod_und_das_M%C3%A4dchen" title="Der Tod und das Mädchen">Der Tod und das Mädchen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Erlk%C3%B6nig_(Schubert)" title="Erlkönig (Schubert)">Erlkönig</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Totentanz_(Liszt)" title="Totentanz (Liszt)">Totentanz</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Category:Paintings_about_death" title="Category:Paintings about death">Painting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Et in Arcadia ego</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Et_in_Arcadia_ego_(Guercino)" title="Et in Arcadia ego (Guercino)">Guercino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Et_in_Arcadia_ego_(Poussin)" title="Et in Arcadia ego (Poussin)">Poussin</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_and_Fire" title="Death and Fire">Death and Fire</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_and_Life" title="Death and Life">Death and Life</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_and_the_Maiden_(Baldung)" title="Death and the Maiden (Baldung)">Death and the Maiden</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Death_and_the_Miser" title="Death and the Miser">Death and the Miser</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gather_Ye_Rosebuds_While_Ye_May_(Waterhouse_painting_1909)" title="Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May (Waterhouse painting 1909)">Gather Ye Rosebuds While Ye May</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/La_Calavera_Catrina" title="La Calavera Catrina">La Calavera Catrina</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Plague_(painting)" title="Plague (painting)">Plague</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pyramid_of_Skulls" title="Pyramid of Skulls">Pyramid of Skulls</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_Widow_(Rossetti)" title="Roman Widow (Rossetti)">Roman Widow</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Self-Portrait_with_Death_Playing_the_Fiddle" title="Self-Portrait with Death Playing the Fiddle">Self-Portrait with Death Playing the Fiddle</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Skull_of_a_Skeleton_with_Burning_Cigarette" title="Skull of a Skeleton with Burning Cigarette">Skull of a Skeleton with Burning Cigarette</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sleep_and_His_Half-Brother_Death" title="Sleep and His Half-Brother Death">Sleep and His Half-Brother Death</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ambassadors_(Holbein)" title="The Ambassadors (Holbein)">The Ambassadors</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Garden_of_Death" title="The Garden of Death">The Garden of Death</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Shadow_of_Death" title="The Shadow of Death">The Shadow of Death</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Three_Ages_of_Man_and_Death" class="mw-redirect" title="The Three Ages of Man and Death">The Three Ages of Man and Death</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Triumph_of_Death" title="The Triumph of Death">The Triumph of Death</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left"><a href="/wiki/Category:Poems_about_death" title="Category:Poems about death">Poetry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/And_death_shall_have_no_dominion" title="And death shall have no dominion">And death shall have no dominion</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Because_I_could_not_stop_for_Death" title="Because I could not stop for Death">Because I could not stop for Death</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Erlk%C3%B6nig" title="Erlkönig">Erlkönig</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Do_not_go_gentle_into_that_good_night" title="Do not go gentle into that good night">Do not go gentle into that good night</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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