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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#17th_Century_to_present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2.1</span> <span>17th Century to present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-17th_Century_to_present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Economy-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Economy subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fishing" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fishing"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Fishing</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fishing-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Municipality_area" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Municipality_area"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Municipality area</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Municipality_area-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span 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Available in 30 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-30" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">30 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7_(%D8%BA%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7)" title="ألمينا (غانا) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ألمينا (غانا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%98%EB%AF%B8%EB%82%98" title="엘미나 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="엘미나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="אלמינה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אלמינה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8A" title="エルミナ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エルミナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Елмина – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Елмина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ельміна – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ельміна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%A7" title="ایلمینا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایلمینا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%B0%94%E7%B1%B3%E7%BA%B3" title="埃尔米纳 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="埃尔米纳" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmina" title="Elmina – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Elmina" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q968662#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Elmina" title="View 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Elmina&params=5_05_N_1_21_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">5°05′N</span> <span class="longitude">1°21′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">5.083°N 1.350°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">5.083; -1.350</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Central Region, Ghana</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Elmina_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Elmina (disambiguation)">Elmina (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Town in Central Region, Ghana</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Elmina</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Fanti-language text"><i lang="fat">Edina</i></span> <span class="languageicon" style="font-size:100%; font-weight:normal">(<a href="/wiki/Fanti_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Fanti language">Fanti</a>)</span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Town" title="Town">Town</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div style="background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid white;width:250px;display:table;margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:3px 0 0 3px"><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 3px 3px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Benya_lagoon_and_it_surroundings_located_in_Elmina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Benya_lagoon_and_it_surroundings_located_in_Elmina.jpg/250px-Benya_lagoon_and_it_surroundings_located_in_Elmina.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Benya_lagoon_and_it_surroundings_located_in_Elmina.jpg/500px-Benya_lagoon_and_it_surroundings_located_in_Elmina.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div></div></div><div style="display:table;background-color:white;border-collapse:collapse"><div style="display:table-row"><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 3px 3px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St._George_Castle,_Elmina,_Ghana.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/St._George_Castle%2C_Elmina%2C_Ghana.JPG/250px-St._George_Castle%2C_Elmina%2C_Ghana.JPG" decoding="async" width="123" height="92" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1201" /></a></span></div><div style="display:table-cell;border-top:0;padding:0 3px 3px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Canoes_at_the_shore.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Canoes_at_the_shore.jpg/250px-Canoes_at_the_shore.jpg" decoding="async" width="123" height="92" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-caption"><i>Top picture</i>: <a href="/wiki/Skyline" title="Skyline">Skyline</a> of Elmina, <i>Bottom left picture</i>: <a href="/wiki/Elmina_Castle" title="Elmina Castle">Elmina Castle</a> <i>Bottom right picture</i>: Coast of Elmina on the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Etymology: <i>Elmina</i> ("The mine")<sup id="cite_ref-etymology_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etymology-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghana_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elmina is located in Ghana"><img alt="Elmina is located in Ghana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ghana_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Ghana_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="338" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ghana_adm_location_map.svg/375px-Ghana_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Ghana_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Ghana_adm_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="964" data-file-height="1304" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:91.551%;left:44.118%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Elmina"><img alt="Elmina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Elmina</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location of Elmina in <a href="/wiki/Central_Region,_Ghana" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Region, Ghana">Central Region</a>, South Ghana</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Ghana</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Africa_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Elmina is located in Africa"><img alt="Elmina is located in Africa" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Africa_location_map.svg/250px-Africa_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Africa_location_map.svg/375px-Africa_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Africa_location_map.svg/500px-Africa_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1525" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:44.434%;left:28.692%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Elmina"><img alt="Elmina" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;top:4px;left:-3em"><div>Elmina</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Elmina (Africa)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Africa</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Elmina&params=5_05_N_1_21_W_region:GH_type:city(33576)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">5°05′N</span> <span class="longitude">1°21′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">5.083°N 1.350°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">5.083; -1.350</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Ghana" title="Regions of Ghana">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_Region,_Ghana" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Region, Ghana">Central Region</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Ghana" title="Districts of Ghana">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem_Municipal_District" title="Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal District">Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal District</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-executive_chief_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-executive_chief-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Municipal chief</th><td class="infobox-data">Hon. Solomon Ebo Appiah</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">10 m (30 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2013)<sup id="cite_ref-World_Gazetteer_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Gazetteer-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2010_census_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010_census-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 32">: 32 </span></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">33,576</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Religions<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Christianity</li><li>Islam</li><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_African_religions" title="Traditional African religions">traditional African religions</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Greenwich_Mean_Time" title="Greenwich Mean Time">GMT</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Ghana" title="Postal codes in Ghana">Postal district</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">CK</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Ghana" title="Telephone numbers in Ghana">033</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Climate</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><i><a href="/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climate" title="Tropical savanna climate">Aw</a></i></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://keeama.gov.gh/">keeama.gov.gh</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968662#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Elmina</b> (<a href="/wiki/Fante_dialect" title="Fante dialect">Fante</a>: <i>Edina</i>) is a town and the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem_Municipal_District" title="Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal District">Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem District</a> on the south coast of <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Central_Region,_Ghana" class="mw-redirect" title="Central Region, Ghana">Central Region</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2010_census_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010_census-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1">: 1 </span></sup> It is situated on a <a href="/wiki/Bay" title="Bay">bay</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>, 12.2 km (7.6 mi) west of <a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast" title="Cape Coast">Cape Coast</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-distance_from_Cape_Coast_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-distance_from_Cape_Coast-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Elmina was the first <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">European</a> settlement in <a href="/wiki/West_Africa" title="West Africa">West Africa</a> and it has a population of 33,576 people, as of 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdjaye20181_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdjaye20181-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-World_Gazetteer_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-World_Gazetteer-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current Municipality chief of Elmina is Solomon Ebo Appiah.<sup id="cite_ref-executive_chief_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-executive_chief-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the Portuguese, after first coming in contact with the <a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_(region)" title="Gold Coast (region)">Gold Coast</a>, struck an agreement with the King of Elmina to build the <a href="/wiki/Elmina_Castle" title="Elmina Castle">São Jorge da Mina Castle</a> in the 1470s, the settlement grew to become an important centre of commerce and trade in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-Bakewell_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bakewell-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nowadays, Elmina shows strong influences from Europe in its culture and people.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdjaye20181_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdjaye20181-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Prior to the arrival of the Portuguese, the town was originally called Anomansah ("perpetual" or "inexhaustible drink") from its position on the peninsula between the Benya lagoon and the sea.<sup id="cite_ref-National_Commission_On_Culture_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-National_Commission_On_Culture-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It eventually was named after the <a href="/wiki/Elmina_Castle" title="Elmina Castle">Elmina Castle</a>, which is also called "São Jorge da Mina". The word "Elmina" simply means "the mine".<sup id="cite_ref-etymology_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-etymology-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Elmina" title="History of Elmina">History of Elmina</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_settlement">Early settlement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Early settlement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Based on oral traditions, the town was founded by Kwaa Amankwaa, a hunter who was in search of food. After discovering a stream and settling there, he exchanged the word "M'enya", which means "I have found or got it". The exact origins of Elmina, however, are conflicted.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdjaye20186,_7_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdjaye20186,_7-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonization_era">Colonization era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Colonization era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="historical-affiliation"><div id="0.22198432740848" class="historical-affiliation-title">Historical affiliations</div><ul aria-labelledby="0.22198432740848" class="historical-affiliation-list"><li><span class="flagicon"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_Portugal_%281640%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="268" data-file-height="517" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Gold_Coast" title="Portuguese Gold Coast">Portuguese Gold Coast</a> (1482-1637)</li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_the_Dutch_West_India_Company.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Dutch_West_India_Company.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_the_Dutch_West_India_Company.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Dutch_West_India_Company.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_the_Dutch_West_India_Company.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Dutch_West_India_Company.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Gold_Coast" title="Dutch Gold Coast">Dutch Gold Coast</a> (1637-1872)</li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Gold_Coast_%281877%E2%80%931957%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Gold_Coast_%281877%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Gold_Coast_%281877%E2%80%931957%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Gold_Coast_%281877%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Flag_of_the_Gold_Coast_%281877%E2%80%931957%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Gold_Coast_%281877%E2%80%931957%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gold_Coast_(British_colony)" title="Gold Coast (British colony)">Gold Coast</a> (1872-1957)</li><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> (1957-present)</li></ul></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244690383">.mw-parser-output .historical-affiliation{box-sizing:border-box;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);font-size:88%;padding:0.5em;width:25em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em}.mw-parser-output .ha-float-left{float:left;clear:left;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .ha-float-none{float:none;clear:none;margin:0.5em 1em 1em 0}.mw-parser-output .historical-affiliation-title{font-weight:bold;text-align:center;font-size:105%;margin-bottom:2px}.mw-parser-output .historical-affiliation-list{list-style:none;margin-left:0}@media screen and (max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .historical-affiliation{width:100%}}</style> <p>In 1478, during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Castilian_Succession" title="War of the Castilian Succession">War of the Castilian Succession</a>, a Castilian armada of 35 <a href="/wiki/Caravels" class="mw-redirect" title="Caravels">caravels</a> and a Portuguese fleet fought a large <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guinea" title="Battle of Guinea">naval battle</a> near Elmina for the control of the Guinea trade (gold, slaves, ivory and <a href="/wiki/Aframomum_melegueta" class="mw-redirect" title="Aframomum melegueta">melegueta pepper</a>), the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guinea" title="Battle of Guinea">Battle of Guinea</a>. The war ended with a Portuguese naval victory, followed by the official recognition by the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Monarchs" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Monarchs">Catholic Monarchs</a> of Portuguese sovereignty over most of the West African territories in dispute embodied in the <a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Alc%C3%A1%C3%A7ovas" title="Treaty of Alcáçovas">Treaty of Alcáçovas</a>, 1479.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMalyn200439,_40_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMalyn200439,_40-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDiffieWinius1977152_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDiffieWinius1977152-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was the first colonial war among European powers. Many more would come. </p><p>The town grew around <a href="/wiki/Elmina_Castle" title="Elmina Castle">São Jorge da Mina Castle</a>, built by the <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portuguese</a> <a href="/wiki/Diogo_de_Azambuja" title="Diogo de Azambuja">Diogo de Azambuja</a> in 1482 on the site of a town or village called Amankwakurom or Amankwa. It was Portugal's West African headquarters for trade and exploitation of African wealth. The original Portuguese interest was gold, with 8,000 ounces shipped to Lisbon from 1487 to 1489, 22,500 ounces from 1494 to 1496, and 26,000 ounces by the start of the sixteenth century.<sup id="cite_ref-Bakewell_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bakewell-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later, the port expanded to include tens of thousands of slaves channeled through the trading post of Elmina, ten to twelve thousand from 1500 to 1535 alone. By 1479, the Portuguese were transporting slaves from as far away as <a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a>, who accounted for 10 percent of the trade in Elmina, and were used to clear land for <a href="/wiki/Tillage" title="Tillage">tillage</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Bakewell_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bakewell-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 23–24">: 23–24 </span></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AMH-7708-NA_View_of_the_fort_and_the_roadstead_at_Elmina.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/AMH-7708-NA_View_of_the_fort_and_the_roadstead_at_Elmina.jpg/250px-AMH-7708-NA_View_of_the_fort_and_the_roadstead_at_Elmina.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/AMH-7708-NA_View_of_the_fort_and_the_roadstead_at_Elmina.jpg/330px-AMH-7708-NA_View_of_the_fort_and_the_roadstead_at_Elmina.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/AMH-7708-NA_View_of_the_fort_and_the_roadstead_at_Elmina.jpg/500px-AMH-7708-NA_View_of_the_fort_and_the_roadstead_at_Elmina.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7612" data-file-height="5307" /></a><figcaption>Dutch troops on the shore who have landed are shown battling with natives to take the local fort</figcaption></figure> <p>Elmina is also home to <a href="/wiki/Fort_Coenraadsburg" title="Fort Coenraadsburg">Fort Coenraadsburg</a> on St. Jago Hill, built by the <a href="/wiki/Portuguese_people" title="Portuguese people">Portuguese</a> in 1555 under the name Forte de Santiago; it was used for commerce. In 1637, it was conquered and renamed by the Dutch, after they captured Elmina's main castle. Today, Elmina's main <a href="/wiki/Economy" title="Economy">economic</a> industry is <a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">fishing</a>, salt production and <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">tourism</a>. Elmina Castle is very close to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast_Castle" title="Cape Coast Castle">Cape Coast Castle</a>, another historic fortress notable for its role in the transatlantic slave trade.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="17th_Century_to_present">17th Century to present</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 17th Century to present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The location of Elmina made it a significant site for re-provisioning ships headed south towards the Cape of Good Hope on their way to India. After years of Portuguese commerce on the Elmina Coast, the Dutch learned of the profitable activity taking place through <a href="/wiki/Barent_Eriksz" title="Barent Eriksz">Barent Eriksz</a> of <a href="/wiki/Medemblik" title="Medemblik">Medemblik</a>, one of the earliest traders and Guinea navigators. Ericksz learned about trading on the Elmina coast while he was a prisoner on <a href="/wiki/Principe" class="mw-redirect" title="Principe">Principe</a> and subsequently became a major resource to the Dutch in terms of providing geographical and trading information.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Dutch_West_India_Company" title="Dutch West India Company">Dutch West India Company</a> <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Elmina_(1637)" title="Battle of Elmina (1637)">captured Elmina in 1637</a>; in subsequent centuries it was mostly used as a hub for the <a href="/wiki/History_of_slavery" title="History of slavery">slave trade</a>. The British attacked the city in <a href="/wiki/HMS_Leander_(1780)#Early_service" title="HMS Leander (1780)">1782</a>, but it remained in <a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Dutch</a> hands until 1872, when the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Gold_Coast" title="Dutch Gold Coast">Dutch Gold Coast</a> was <a href="/wiki/Anglo-Dutch_Treaties_of_1870%E2%80%931871" title="Anglo-Dutch Treaties of 1870–1871">sold</a> to the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">British</a>. The king of <a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashanti Empire">Ashanti</a>, claiming to be suzerain, objected to the transfer, and initiated the <a href="/wiki/Third_Anglo-Ashanti_War" class="mw-redirect" title="Third Anglo-Ashanti War">third Anglo-Ashanti war</a> of 1873–1874.<sup id="cite_ref-EB1911_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EB1911-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Beginning in 2003, Elmina, along with foreign <a href="/wiki/Investor" title="Investor">investors</a>, began The Elmina Strategy 2015, a massive project to improve many aspects of the town, consisting of water drainage and waste management helping to improve the health of the citizens, repairing the <a href="/wiki/Fishing" title="Fishing">fishing</a> industry and <a href="/wiki/Harbour" class="mw-redirect" title="Harbour">harbour</a> of within Elmina, <a href="/wiki/Tourism" title="Tourism">tourism</a> and <a href="/wiki/Economy" title="Economy">economic</a> development, improved health services, and improved educational services.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tourism">Tourism</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Ghana" title="Tourism in Ghana">Tourism in Ghana</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:214px;max-width:214px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:212px;max-width:212px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St._George_Castle,_Elmina,_Ghana.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Inside view of Elmina Castle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/St._George_Castle%2C_Elmina%2C_Ghana.JPG/250px-St._George_Castle%2C_Elmina%2C_Ghana.JPG" decoding="async" width="210" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/St._George_Castle%2C_Elmina%2C_Ghana.JPG/330px-St._George_Castle%2C_Elmina%2C_Ghana.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/St._George_Castle%2C_Elmina%2C_Ghana.JPG/500px-St._George_Castle%2C_Elmina%2C_Ghana.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1201" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Elmina_Castle" title="Elmina Castle">Elmina Castle</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:212px;max-width:212px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Overzicht_met_voorzijde,_vanaf_Elmina_Castle_-_Elmina_-_20374801_-_RCE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Faraway view of Fort Coenraadsburg on a hill" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Overzicht_met_voorzijde%2C_vanaf_Elmina_Castle_-_Elmina_-_20374801_-_RCE.jpg/210px-Overzicht_met_voorzijde%2C_vanaf_Elmina_Castle_-_Elmina_-_20374801_-_RCE.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Overzicht_met_voorzijde%2C_vanaf_Elmina_Castle_-_Elmina_-_20374801_-_RCE.jpg/315px-Overzicht_met_voorzijde%2C_vanaf_Elmina_Castle_-_Elmina_-_20374801_-_RCE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Overzicht_met_voorzijde%2C_vanaf_Elmina_Castle_-_Elmina_-_20374801_-_RCE.jpg/420px-Overzicht_met_voorzijde%2C_vanaf_Elmina_Castle_-_Elmina_-_20374801_-_RCE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3375" data-file-height="2204" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Fort_Coenraadsburg" title="Fort Coenraadsburg">Fort São Jago da Mina</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>Tourism in the town is regulated by the Central Region Development Commission (CEDECOM), where the principle centre of tourism is the Elmina Castle. The site, along with <a href="/wiki/Fort_Coenraadsburg" title="Fort Coenraadsburg">Fort Coenraadsburg</a>, attracts around 100,000 tourists annually, half of whom is foreign.<sup id="cite_ref-2010_census_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010_census-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 4">: 4 </span></sup> Due to the lack of sufficient infrastructure, the development of this sector is hindered.<sup id="cite_ref-tourism_summary_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tourism_summary-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fishing">Fishing</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Fishing"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elmina is home to the Elmina Fishing Harbour, the third largest fish landing site in Ghana, beaten by the <a href="/wiki/Tema_Fishing_Harbour" title="Tema Fishing Harbour">Tema</a> and <a href="/wiki/Albert_Bosomtwi-Sam_Fishing_Harbour" title="Albert Bosomtwi-Sam Fishing Harbour">Sekondi</a> harbours.<sup id="cite_ref-fishing_sector_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fishing_sector-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In August 2020, a $93 million rehabilitation project began, improving the harbour's infrastructure to help with increasing demand. It was completed in May 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although fishing activities are largely artisanal, the town account for 15% of Ghana's total fish output. About 75% of the population's livelihood is reliant on fishing or related activities.<sup id="cite_ref-fishing_sector_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-fishing_sector-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Most of the population is religious, coming in at around 91.7% with the biggest religion being Christianity (85.3%). Of this, 28.4% are <a href="/wiki/Pentecostal" class="mw-redirect" title="Pentecostal">Pentecostal</a>/<a href="/wiki/Charismatic_Christianity" title="Charismatic Christianity">Charismatic</a>, 20.9% are other Christians, 18.2% are <a href="/wiki/Catholics" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholics">Catholics</a> and 17.8% are <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a>. Christianity is followed by Islam, <a href="/wiki/Traditional_African_religions" title="Traditional African religions">traditional African religions</a>, and other religions.<sup id="cite_ref-2010_census_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010_census-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 32">: 32 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Administration">Administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem_(Ghana_parliament_constituency)" title="Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem (Ghana parliament constituency)">Komenda-Edina-Eguafo-Abirem (Ghana parliament constituency)</a></div> <p>Although the town itself doesn't have a mayor, the municipal does have a <a href="/wiki/Mayor%E2%80%93council_government" title="Mayor–council government">mayor–council form of government</a>. The mayor (executive chief) is appointed by the <a href="/wiki/President_of_Ghana" title="President of Ghana">president of Ghana</a> and approved by the town council, the <a href="/wiki/Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem_Municipal_District" title="Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal District">Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal Assembly</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The current municipal chief of Elmina is Hon. Solomon Ebo Appiah.<sup id="cite_ref-executive_chief_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-executive_chief-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Municipality_area">Municipality area</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Municipality area"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1010px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize thumbimage" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghana_Elmina_City_Panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Panoramic view of Elmina Town. In harbour some fishing boats may be seen. The view is from Elmina Castle (St. George's Castle). The castle on St. Jago Hill is Fort São Jago da Mina (Fort Conraadsburg)."><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ghana_Elmina_City_Panorama.jpg/1000px-Ghana_Elmina_City_Panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="1000" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/Ghana_Elmina_City_Panorama.jpg/1500px-Ghana_Elmina_City_Panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3f/Ghana_Elmina_City_Panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="352" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:Ghana_Elmina_City_Panorama.jpg" title="File:Ghana Elmina City Panorama.jpg"> </a></div><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">Panoramic view of Elmina Town. In harbour some fishing boats may be seen. The view is from <a href="/wiki/Elmina_Castle" title="Elmina Castle">Elmina Castle</a> (St. George's Castle). The castle on St. Jago Hill is <a href="/wiki/Fort_Conraadsburg" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Conraadsburg">Fort São Jago da Mina</a> (Fort Conraadsburg).</div></div></div></div> <p>Elmina is located about 12.2 km (7.6 mi) from <a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast" title="Cape Coast">Cape Coast</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-distance_from_Cape_Coast_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-distance_from_Cape_Coast-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The town is located in the <a href="/wiki/Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem_Municipal_District" title="Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal District">Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Western_Region_(Ghana)" title="Western Region (Ghana)">Western Region</a>, which covers a land area of 452.5 km<sup>2</sup> (174.7 sq mi). The municipality borders the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</a> to the south, the <a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast_Metropolitan_Assembly" title="Cape Coast Metropolitan Assembly">Cape Coast Metropolitan</a> towards the east, the <a href="/wiki/Twifo/Hemang/Lower_Denkyira_District" title="Twifo/Hemang/Lower Denkyira District">Twifo/Hemang/Lower Denkyira District</a> to the north and the <a href="/wiki/Mpohor_(district)" title="Mpohor (district)">Mpohor district</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Wassa_East_District" title="Wassa East District">Wassa East District</a> towards the west and northwest.<sup id="cite_ref-2010_census_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2010_census-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 1">: 1 </span></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Like most of Ghana, Elmina has a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_savanna_climate" title="Tropical savanna climate">tropical savanna climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a> <i>Aw</i>) with consistently hot weather year-round. Typically for the far south of the country, there are two rainy seasons, a main one from April to June and a lesser one from September to November and two dry seasons, a typical West African dry season from December to February due to the <a href="/wiki/Harmattan" title="Harmattan">harmattan</a> wind, and a less typical dry season from mid-July to mid-September with less hot temperatures and abundant fog due to the northward extension of the <a href="/wiki/Benguela_Current" title="Benguela Current">Benguela Current</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Elmina </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFBB33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.8<br />(89.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.5<br />(88.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.4<br />(81.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFF88; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.5<br />(85.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB33; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.9<br />(87.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCC33; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">29.9<br />(85.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.1<br />(73.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.3<br />(72.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.8<br />(71.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.9<br />(73.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.7<br />(72.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.8<br />(73.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFAA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average rainfall mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #D9FFD9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25<br />(1.0) </td> <td style="background: #C4FFC4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36<br />(1.4) </td> <td style="background: #81FF81; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #60FF60; color:#000000;" class="notheme">103<br />(4.1) </td> <td style="background: #00CF00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">203<br />(8.0) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">325<br />(12.8) </td> <td style="background: #67FF67; color:#000000;" class="notheme">102<br />(4.0) </td> <td style="background: #C0FFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42<br />(1.7) </td> <td style="background: #AAFFAA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55<br />(2.2) </td> <td style="background: #52FF52; color:#000000;" class="notheme">116<br />(4.6) </td> <td style="background: #7DFF7D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84<br />(3.3) </td> <td style="background: #D2FFD2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30<br />(1.2) </td> <td style="background: #66FF66; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,205<br />(47.6) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: Climate-Data.org<sup id="cite_ref-Climate-Data.org_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Climate-Data.org-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Elmina is home to the annual <a href="/wiki/Bakatue_Festival" title="Bakatue Festival">Bakatue Festival</a>, a celebration of the sea and the local fishing culture, held on the first Tuesday of July each year. <i>Bakatue</i> translated means "the opening of the lagoon" or the "draining of the Lagoon". It is celebrated to commemorate the founding of the town, Elmina by the Europeans. It is also celebrated to invoke the deity, Nana Benya's continuous protection of the state and its people.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Edina Bronya Festival is an annual harvest festival celebrated by the chiefs and peoples of Elmina in the Central Region of Ghana. The festival is a novel Christmas during the Portuguese and the Dutch era of the colonial period. It is the origin the word “Bronya” in Ghanaian vocabulary. It is usually celebrated in the first Thursday of January every year. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sister_cities">Sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Africa#Ghana" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Africa">List of twin towns and sister cities in Africa § Ghana</a></div> <p>The following is a list of <a href="/wiki/Sister_cities" class="mw-redirect" title="Sister cities">sister cities</a> of Elmina, designated by <a href="/wiki/Sister_Cities_International" title="Sister Cities International">Sister Cities International</a>: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gouda,_South_Holland" title="Gouda, South Holland">Gouda</a>, Netherlands (2006)<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macon,_Georgia" title="Macon, Georgia">Macon</a>, United States (2001)<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Kojo_Antwi" title="Solomon Kojo Antwi">Solomon Kojo Antwi</a>, footballer<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobus_Capitein" title="Jacobus Capitein">Jacobus Capitein</a>, writer, first individual of African descent to be ordained as a minister in an established Protestant church<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Emil_Eminsang" title="George Emil Eminsang">George Emil Eminsang</a>, merchant, politician<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frederik_Willem_Fennekol" title="Frederik Willem Fennekol">Frederik Willem Fennekol</a>, politician<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adjua_Gyapiaba" title="Adjua Gyapiaba">Adjua Gyapiaba</a>, herbalist, diviner<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frans_Last" title="Frans Last">Frans Last</a>, jurist, served as the <a href="/wiki/Attorney_general" title="Attorney general">attorney general</a> (<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>: <i>procureur-generaal</i>) at the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Supreme Court">Supreme Court</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">Dutch East Indies</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cynthia_Mamle_Morrison" title="Cynthia Mamle Morrison">Cynthia Mamle Morrison</a>, politician, minister designate for Gender, Children and Social Protection<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willem_Essuman_Pietersen" title="Willem Essuman Pietersen">Willem Essuman Pietersen</a>, politician<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_van_Hien" title="Henry van Hien">Henry van Hien</a>, nationalist leader<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoortmont2004424,_448_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoortmont2004424,_448-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hendrik_Vroom" title="Hendrik Vroom">Hendrik Vroom</a>, merchant<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoortmont2004429_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoortmont2004429-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elmina_Castle" title="Elmina Castle">Elmina Castle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_European_colonies" title="List of former European colonies">List of former European colonies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Ghana" title="List of cities in Ghana">List of cities in Ghana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-etymology-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-etymology_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-etymology_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1">Walker, N.; Jones J. (eds) (1998). "1". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part1/1p260.html"><i>Africans in America: America's Journey Through Slavery</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Public_Broadcasting_Service_(PBS)" class="mw-redirect" title="Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)">Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Africans+in+America%3A+America%27s+Journey+Through+Slavery&rft.pub=Public+Broadcasting+Service+%28PBS%29&rft.date=1998&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.org%2Fwgbh%2Faia%2Fpart1%2F1p260.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-executive_chief-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-executive_chief_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-executive_chief_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-executive_chief_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNartey2022" class="citation news cs1">Nartey, L. (1 June 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://3news.com/news/it-wont-make-economic-sense-to-import-raw-sugar-to-be-refined-at-komenda-sugar-factory-vanni-amoah/">"It won't make economic sense to import raw sugar to be refined at Komenda Sugar Factory – Vanni-Amoah"</a>. 3News. para. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=It+won%27t+make+economic+sense+to+import+raw+sugar+to+be+refined+at+Komenda+Sugar+Factory+%E2%80%93+Vanni-Amoah&rft.pages=para.+1&rft.date=2022-06-01&rft.aulast=Nartey&rft.aufirst=L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2F3news.com%2Fnews%2Fit-wont-make-economic-sense-to-import-raw-sugar-to-be-refined-at-komenda-sugar-factory-vanni-amoah%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-World_Gazetteer-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-World_Gazetteer_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-World_Gazetteer_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120111172126/http://bevoelkerungsstatistik.de/wg.php?x=1170623253&men=gcis&lng=de&dat=32&geo=-85&srt=npan&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=x">"World Gazetteer online"</a>. <i>World-gazetteer.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bevoelkerungsstatistik.de/wg.php?x=1170623253&men=gcis&lng=de&dat=32&geo=-85&srt=npan&col=aohdq&pt=c&va=x">the original</a> on 11 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World-gazetteer.com&rft.atitle=World+Gazetteer+online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbevoelkerungsstatistik.de%2Fwg.php%3Fx%3D1170623253%26men%3Dgcis%26lng%3Dde%26dat%3D32%26geo%3D-85%26srt%3Dnpan%26col%3Daohdq%26pt%3Dc%26va%3Dx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2010_census-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2010_census_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010_census_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010_census_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010_census_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2010_census_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation report cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www2.statsghana.gov.gh/docfiles/2010_District_Report/Central/KEEA.pdf">2010 population & housing census (Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal)</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). <a href="/wiki/Ghana_Statistical_Service" title="Ghana Statistical Service">Ghana Statistical Service</a>. 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=2010+population+%26+housing+census+%28Komenda%2FEdina%2FEguafo%2FAbirem+Municipal%29&rft.pub=Ghana+Statistical+Service&rft.date=2014&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww2.statsghana.gov.gh%2Fdocfiles%2F2010_District_Report%2FCentral%2FKEEA.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-distance_from_Cape_Coast-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-distance_from_Cape_Coast_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-distance_from_Cape_Coast_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Straight line distances from: Daft Logic; <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.daftlogic.com/projects-google-maps-distance-calculator.htm">"Google Maps Distance Calculator"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100726200056/http://www.daftlogic.com/projects-google-maps-distance-calculator.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 26 July 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Google+Maps+Distance+Calculator&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.daftlogic.com%2Fprojects-google-maps-distance-calculator.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAdjaye20181-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdjaye20181_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAdjaye20181_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAdjaye2018">Adjaye 2018</a>, p. 1.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bakewell-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Bakewell_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bakewell_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Bakewell_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFWilks1997" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ivor_Wilks" title="Ivor Wilks">Wilks, I.</a> (1997). Bakewell, Peter (ed.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/182036"><i>Mines of Silver and Gold in the Americas</i></a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ghanaculture.gov.gh/index1.php?linkid=65&adate=20/08/2011&archiveid=2126&page=1">the original</a> on 19 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(2005). <a href="/wiki/Kwame_Anthony_Appiah" title="Kwame Anthony Appiah">Appiah, Kwame Anthony</a>; <a href="/wiki/Henry_Louis_Gates_Jr." title="Henry Louis Gates Jr.">Gates Jr, Henry Louis</a> (eds.). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=TMZMAgAAQBAJ"><i>Africana: The Encyclopedia of the African and African American Experience</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. p. 738. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-1951-7055-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-1951-7055-9"><bdi>978-0-1951-7055-9</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Africana%3A+The+Encyclopedia+of+the+African+and+African+American+Experience&rft.pages=738&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-1951-7055-9&rft.aulast=Keough&rft.aufirst=Leyla+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTMZMAgAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFIsaac_S._Ephson1971" class="citation book cs1">Isaac S. Ephson (1971). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LG8MAQAAIAAJ"><i>Gallery of Gold Coast Celebrities, 1632–1958</i></a>. Ilen Publications<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gallery+of+Gold+Coast+Celebrities%2C+1632%E2%80%931958&rft.pub=Ilen+Publications&rft.date=1971&rft.au=Isaac+S.+Ephson&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLG8MAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFEverts1996" class="citation journal cs1">Everts, N. (1996). "Cherchez la Femme: Gender-Related Issues in Eighteenth-Century Elmina". <i>Itinerario</i>. <b>20</b> (1): 53. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS0165115300021525">10.1017/S0165115300021525</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161114872">161114872</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Itinerario&rft.atitle=Cherchez+la+Femme%3A+Gender-Related+Issues+in+Eighteenth-Century+Elmina&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=53&rft.date=1996&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS0165115300021525&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A161114872%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Everts&rft.aufirst=N.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTen_Hove1996" class="citation journal cs1">Ten Hove, O. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dbnl.org/tekst/_oso001199601_01/_oso001199601_01_0018.php">"Creools-Surinaamse familienamen: De samenstelling van de Creools-Surinaamse bevolking in de negentiende eeuw"</a>. <i>OSO. Tijdschrift voor Surinaamse Taalkunde, Letterkunde en Geschiedenis</i>. <b>15</b> (2): 168<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=OSO.+Tijdschrift+voor+Surinaamse+Taalkunde%2C+Letterkunde+en+Geschiedenis.&rft.atitle=Creools-Surinaamse+familienamen%3A+De+samenstelling+van+de+Creools-Surinaamse+bevolking+in+de+negentiende+eeuw&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=168&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Ten+Hove&rft.aufirst=O.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dbnl.org%2Ftekst%2F_oso001199601_01%2F_oso001199601_01_0018.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRambonnet1839" class="citation web cs1">Rambonnet, F. (1 October 1839). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kampennotarieel.nl/I-555c.htm">"Acte van erkenning, aktenummer 3468"</a>. <i>kampennotarieel.nl</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">6 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=kampennotarieel.nl&rft.atitle=Acte+van+erkenning%2C+aktenummer+3468&rft.date=1839-10-01&rft.aulast=Rambonnet&rft.aufirst=F.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.kampennotarieel.nl%2FI-555c.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghanamps.com/mp/morrison-cynthia-mamle/">"Morrison, Cynthia Mamle"</a>. <i>Ghana MPS</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Ghana+MPS&rft.atitle=Morrison%2C+Cynthia+Mamle&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fghanamps.com%2Fmp%2Fmorrison-cynthia-mamle%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJenkins1985" class="citation book cs1">Jenkins, Ray G. (1985). <i>Gold Coast Historians and their Pursuit of the Gold Coast Pasts: 1882-1917</i>. Birmingham: University of Birmingham. p. 585.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gold+Coast+Historians+and+their+Pursuit+of+the+Gold+Coast+Pasts%3A+1882-1917&rft.place=Birmingham&rft.pages=585&rft.pub=University+of+Birmingham&rft.date=1985&rft.aulast=Jenkins&rft.aufirst=Ray+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoortmont2004424,_448-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoortmont2004424,_448_33-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDoortmont2004">Doortmont 2004</a>, pp. 424, 448.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDoortmont2004429-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDoortmont2004429_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDoortmont2004">Doortmont 2004</a>, p. 429.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDiffieWinius1977" class="citation book cs1">Diffie, B.; Winius, G. (1977). <i>Foundations of the Portuguese Empire, 1415-1580</i>. Vol. 1. <a href="/wiki/University_of_Minnesota_Press" title="University of Minnesota Press">University of Minnesota Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0816608504" title="Special:BookSources/0816608504"><bdi>0816608504</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foundations+of+the+Portuguese+Empire%2C+1415-1580&rft.pub=University+of+Minnesota+Press&rft.date=1977&rft.isbn=0816608504&rft.aulast=Diffie&rft.aufirst=B.&rft.au=Winius%2C+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMalyn2004" class="citation book cs1">Malyn, N. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.routledge.com/A-History-of-Portuguese-Overseas-Expansion-1400-1668/Newitt/p/book/9780415239806"><i>A History of Portuguese Overseas Expansion, 1400-1668</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780415239806" title="Special:BookSources/9780415239806"><bdi>9780415239806</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Portuguese+Overseas+Expansion%2C+1400-1668&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9780415239806&rft.aulast=Malyn&rft.aufirst=N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.routledge.com%2FA-History-of-Portuguese-Overseas-Expansion-1400-1668%2FNewitt%2Fp%2Fbook%2F9780415239806&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDeCorse2001" class="citation book cs1">DeCorse, Christopher R. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uT91AAAAMAAJ"><i>An archaeology of Elmina. Africans and Europeans on the Gold Coast, 1400–1900</i></a>. Smithsonian Institution Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-56098-971-8" title="Special:BookSources/1-56098-971-8"><bdi>1-56098-971-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=An+archaeology+of+Elmina.+Africans+and+Europeans+on+the+Gold+Coast%2C+1400%E2%80%931900&rft.pub=Smithsonian+Institution+Press&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-56098-971-8&rft.aulast=DeCorse&rft.aufirst=Christopher+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuT91AAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDoortmont2004" class="citation book cs1">Doortmont, Michel (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=basZAAAAYAAJ"><i>The pen-pictures of modern Africans and African celebrities by Charles Francis Hutchison: a collective biography of elite society in the Gold Coast Colony</i></a>. Leiden: Brill. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004140974" title="Special:BookSources/9789004140974"><bdi>9789004140974</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+pen-pictures+of+modern+Africans+and+African+celebrities+by+Charles+Francis+Hutchison%3A+a+collective+biography+of+elite+society+in+the+Gold+Coast+Colony&rft.place=Leiden&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=9789004140974&rft.aulast=Doortmont&rft.aufirst=Michel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbasZAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFAdjaye2018" class="citation book cs1">Adjaye, J. (2018). <i>Elmina, 'the Little Europe'<span></span></i>. Sub-Saharan Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789988550967" title="Special:BookSources/9789988550967"><bdi>9789988550967</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Elmina%2C+%27the+Little+Europe%27&rft.pub=Sub-Saharan+Publishers&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=9789988550967&rft.aulast=Adjaye&rft.aufirst=J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Elmina&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://keeama.gov.gh/">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q968662#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130223102124/http://www.aluka.org/action/showCompilationPage?doi=10.5555/AL.CH.COMPILATION.HERITAGE-SITE.ELMINA">Summary of Elmina</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aluka" title="Aluka">Aluka</a></li> <li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/20px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Elmina" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Elmina">Elmina</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Elmina&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AElmina" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818" /><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Elmina&params=5_05_N_1_21_W_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">5°05′N</span> <span class="longitude">1°21′W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">5.083°N 1.350°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">5.083; -1.350</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Elmina25" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Elmina25" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Elmina</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amissano" title="Amissano">Amissano</a></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Daboase" title="Daboase">Daboase</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Elmina</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast" title="Cape Coast">Cape Coast</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</a> (<a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a>)</td> <td></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cities_and_towns_of_Ghana_by_population731" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:GhanaLargestSettlements" title="Template:GhanaLargestSettlements"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GhanaLargestSettlements" title="Template talk:GhanaLargestSettlements"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GhanaLargestSettlements" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GhanaLargestSettlements"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cities_and_towns_of_Ghana_by_population731" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_Settlements_in_Ghana_(by_population)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of largest Settlements in Ghana (by population)">Cities and towns</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a> by population</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2,000,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kumasi" title="Kumasi">Kumasi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Region" title="Ashanti Region">Ashanti</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accra" title="Accra">Accra</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Ghana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="National Seal of Ghana"><img alt="National Seal of Ghana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/55px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/83px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/110px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>National Seal of Ghana</figcaption></figure><br /><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_map_of_Ghana.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag Map of Ghana"><img alt="Flag Map of Ghana" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_map_of_Ghana.svg/55px-Flag_map_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="55" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_map_of_Ghana.svg/83px-Flag_map_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_map_of_Ghana.svg/110px-Flag_map_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="840" data-file-height="1216" /></a><figcaption>Flag Map of Ghana</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sekondi-Takoradi" title="Sekondi-Takoradi">Sekondi-Takoradi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Region_(Ghana)" title="Western Region (Ghana)">Western</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamale,_Ghana" title="Tamale, Ghana">Tamale</a> (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Northern Region (Ghana)">Northern</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">800,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sunyani" title="Sunyani">Sunyani</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brong-Ahafo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Brong-Ahafo Region">Brong-Ahafo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast" title="Cape Coast">Cape Coast</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obuasi" title="Obuasi">Obuasi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Region" title="Ashanti Region">Ashanti</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koforidua" title="Koforidua">Koforidua</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">100,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tema" title="Tema">Tema</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techiman" title="Techiman">Techiman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brong-Ahafo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Brong-Ahafo Region">Brong-Ahafo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashaiman" title="Ashaiman">Ashaiman</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teshie" title="Teshie">Teshie</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madina,_Ghana" title="Madina, Ghana">Madina</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wa,_Ghana" title="Wa, Ghana">Wa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Upper_West_Region" title="Upper West Region">Upper West</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">80,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ho,_Ghana" title="Ho, Ghana">Ho</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volta_Region" title="Volta Region">Volta</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nungua" title="Nungua">Nungua</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lashibi" title="Lashibi">Lashibi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dome,_Ghana" title="Dome, Ghana">Dome</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gbawe" title="Gbawe">Gbawe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasoa" title="Kasoa">Kasoa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">60,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ejura" title="Ejura">Ejura</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Region" title="Ashanti Region">Ashanti</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taifa,_Accra" title="Taifa, Accra">Taifa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bawku" title="Bawku">Bawku</a> (<a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Region" title="Upper East Region">Upper East</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aflao" title="Aflao">Aflao</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volta_Region" title="Volta Region">Volta</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agona_Swedru" title="Agona Swedru">Agona Swedru</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bolgatanga" title="Bolgatanga">Bolgatanga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Region" title="Upper East Region">Upper East</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tafo" title="Tafo">Tafo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Region" title="Ashanti Region">Ashanti</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berekum" title="Berekum">Berekum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brong-Ahafo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Brong-Ahafo Region">Brong-Ahafo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nkawkaw" title="Nkawkaw">Nkawkaw</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akim_Oda" title="Akim Oda">Akim Oda</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winneba" title="Winneba">Winneba</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">40,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hohoe" title="Hohoe">Hohoe</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volta_Region" title="Volta Region">Volta</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yendi" title="Yendi">Yendi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Northern Region (Ghana)">Northern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suhum,_Ghana" title="Suhum, Ghana">Suhum</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kintampo_(Ghana)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kintampo (Ghana)">Kintampo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brong-Ahafo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Brong-Ahafo Region">Brong-Ahafo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adenta_East" title="Adenta East">Adenta East</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greater_Accra_Region" title="Greater Accra Region">Greater Accra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nsawam" title="Nsawam">Nsawam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mampong" title="Mampong">Mampong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Region" title="Ashanti Region">Ashanti</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konongo,_Ghana" title="Konongo, Ghana">Konongo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Region" title="Ashanti Region">Ashanti</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asamankese" title="Asamankese">Asamankese</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wenchi" title="Wenchi">Wenchi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brong-Ahafo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Brong-Ahafo Region">Brong-Ahafo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japekrom" title="Japekrom">Japekrom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brong-Ahafo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Brong-Ahafo Region">Brong-Ahafo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savelugu" title="Savelugu">Savelugu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Northern Region (Ghana)">Northern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agogo,_Ghana" title="Agogo, Ghana">Agogo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Region" title="Ashanti Region">Ashanti</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anloga" title="Anloga">Anloga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volta_Region" title="Volta Region">Volta</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prestea" title="Prestea">Prestea</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Region_(Ghana)" title="Western Region (Ghana)">Western</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effiakuma" title="Effiakuma">Effiakuma</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Region_(Ghana)" title="Western Region (Ghana)">Western</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarkwa" title="Tarkwa">Tarkwa</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Region_(Ghana)" title="Western Region (Ghana)">Western</a>)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elmina</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunkwa-on-Offin" title="Dunkwa-on-Offin">Dunkwa-on-Offin</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Begoro" title="Begoro">Begoro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kpandu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kpandu">Kpandu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volta_Region" title="Volta Region">Volta</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Navrongo" title="Navrongo">Navrongo</a> (<a href="/wiki/Upper_East_Region" title="Upper East Region">Upper East</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Axim" title="Axim">Axim</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Region_(Ghana)" title="Western Region (Ghana)">Western</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apam" title="Apam">Apam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salaga" title="Salaga">Salaga</a> (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Northern Region (Ghana)">Northern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saltpond" title="Saltpond">Saltpond</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akwatia" title="Akwatia">Akwatia</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shama,_Ghana" title="Shama, Ghana">Shama</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Region_(Ghana)" title="Western Region (Ghana)">Western</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keta" title="Keta">Keta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volta_Region" title="Volta Region">Volta</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nyakrom" title="Nyakrom">Nyakrom</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibiani" title="Bibiani">Bibiani</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Region_(Ghana)" title="Western Region (Ghana)">Western</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goaso" title="Goaso">Goaso</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ahafo_Region" title="Ahafo Region">Ahafo Region</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somanya" title="Somanya">Somanya</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assin_Foso" class="mw-redirect" title="Assin Foso">Assin Foso</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">5,000+</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aburi" title="Aburi">Aburi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Ahenkro" title="Banda Ahenkro">Banda Ahenkro</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brong-Ahafo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Brong-Ahafo Region">Brong-Ahafo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mumford,_Ghana" title="Mumford, Ghana">Mumford</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bechem" title="Bechem">Bechem</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brong-Ahafo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Brong-Ahafo Region">Brong-Ahafo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duayaw_Nkwanta" title="Duayaw Nkwanta">Duayaw Nkwanta</a> (<a href="/wiki/Brong-Ahafo_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Brong-Ahafo Region">Brong-Ahafo</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kade,_Ghana" title="Kade, Ghana">Kade</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anomabu" title="Anomabu">Anomabu</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akropong" title="Akropong">Akropong</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kete_Krachi" title="Kete Krachi">Kete Krachi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Volta_Region" title="Volta Region">Volta</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kibi,_Ghana" title="Kibi, Ghana">Kibi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kpandae" class="mw-redirect" title="Kpandae">Kpandae</a> (<a href="/wiki/Northern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Northern Region (Ghana)">Northern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mpraeso" title="Mpraeso">Mpraeso</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akim_Swedru" title="Akim Swedru">Akim Swedru</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Region_(Ghana)" title="Eastern Region (Ghana)">Eastern</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aboso" title="Aboso">Aboso</a> (<a href="/wiki/Western_Region_(Ghana)" title="Western Region (Ghana)">Western</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekwai" title="Bekwai">Bekwai</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ashanti_Region" title="Ashanti Region">Ashanti</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <dl><dt>Regional capitals in bold</dt> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Kumasi" title="Kumasi">Kumasi</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Accra" title="Accra">Accra</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Sekondi-Takoradi" title="Sekondi-Takoradi">Sekondi-Takoradi</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Tamale,_Ghana" title="Tamale, Ghana">Tamale</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Sunyani" title="Sunyani">Sunyani</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast" title="Cape Coast">Cape Coast</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Koforidua" title="Koforidua">Koforidua</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Wa,_Ghana" title="Wa, Ghana">Wa</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Ho,_Ghana" title="Ho, Ghana">Ho</a></b></dd> <dd><b><a href="/wiki/Bolgatanga" title="Bolgatanga">Bolgatanga</a></b></dd></dl> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Administrative_divisions_of_Ghana" title="Administrative divisions of Ghana">Administrative Divisions of Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Ghana" title="Regions of Ghana">Regions of Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Ghana" title="Districts of Ghana">Districts of Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Ghana_Parliament_constituencies" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ghana Parliament constituencies">Parliament Constituencies of Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_Settlements_in_Ghana_(by_population)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of largest Settlements in Ghana (by population)">Settlements in Ghana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Districts_and_Capitals_of_the_Central_Region_of_Ghana166" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Districts_of_the_Central_Region_of_Ghana" title="Template:Districts of the Central Region of Ghana"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Districts_of_the_Central_Region_of_Ghana" title="Template talk:Districts of the Central Region of Ghana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Districts_of_the_Central_Region_of_Ghana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Districts of the Central Region of Ghana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Districts_and_Capitals_of_the_Central_Region_of_Ghana166" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Ghana" title="Districts of Ghana">Districts</a> and <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capitals</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Central_Region_(Ghana)" title="Central Region (Ghana)">Central Region</a> of <a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Metropolitan (1)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast_Metropolitan_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Cape Coast Metropolitan District">Cape Coast Metropolitan</a> (Capital: <b><a href="/wiki/Cape_Coast" title="Cape Coast">Cape Coast</a></b>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Districts_of_the_Central_Region_(2012).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location of Central Region District"><img alt="Location of Central Region District" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Districts_of_the_Central_Region_%282012%29.svg/210px-Districts_of_the_Central_Region_%282012%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="210" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Districts_of_the_Central_Region_%282012%29.svg/315px-Districts_of_the_Central_Region_%282012%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Districts_of_the_Central_Region_%282012%29.svg/420px-Districts_of_the_Central_Region_%282012%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="524" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Municipal (7)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agona_West_Municipal_District" title="Agona West Municipal District">Agona West Municipal</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Agona_Swedru" title="Agona Swedru">Agona Swedru</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assin_Central_Municipal_District" title="Assin Central Municipal District">Assin Central Municipal</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Assin_Fosu" title="Assin Fosu">Assin Fosu</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awutu_Senya_East_Municipal_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Awutu Senya East Municipal District">Awutu Senya East Municipal</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Kasoa" title="Kasoa">Kasoa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effutu_Municipal_District" title="Effutu Municipal District">Effutu Municipal</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Winneba" title="Winneba">Winneba</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem_Municipal_District" title="Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal District">Komenda/Edina/Eguafo/Abirem Municipal</a> (Capital: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Elmina</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mfantsiman_Municipal_District" title="Mfantsiman Municipal District">Mfantsiman Municipal</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Saltpond" title="Saltpond">Saltpond</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Denkyira_East_Municipal_District" title="Upper Denkyira East Municipal District">Upper Denkyira East Municipal</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Dunkwa-on-Offin" title="Dunkwa-on-Offin">Dunkwa-on-Offin</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ordinary (14)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abura/Asebu/Kwamankese_District" title="Abura/Asebu/Kwamankese District">Abura/Asebu/Kwamankese</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Abura-Dunkwa" title="Abura-Dunkwa">Abura-Dunkwa</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agona_East_District" title="Agona East District">Agona East</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Nsaba" title="Nsaba">Nsaba</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ajumako/Enyan/Essiam_District" title="Ajumako/Enyan/Essiam District">Ajumako/Enyan/Essiam</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Ajumako" title="Ajumako">Ajumako</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asikuma/Odoben/Brakwa_District" title="Asikuma/Odoben/Brakwa District">Asikuma/Odoben/Brakwa</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Breman_Asikuma" title="Breman Asikuma">Breman Asikuma</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assin_North_District" title="Assin North District">Assin North</a> (Capital: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Assin_Bereku&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assin Bereku (page does not exist)">Assin Bereku</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assin_South_District" title="Assin South District">Assin South</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Assin_Kyekyewere" title="Assin Kyekyewere">Nsuaem Kyekyewere</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awutu_Senya_West_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Awutu Senya West District">Awutu Senya West</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Awutu_Breku" title="Awutu Breku">Awutu Breku</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ekumfi_District" title="Ekumfi District">Ekumfi</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Esakyir" title="Esakyir">Essarkyir</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomoa_Central_District" title="Gomoa Central District">Gomoa Central</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Afransi" title="Afransi">Gomoa Afransi</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomoa_East_District" title="Gomoa East District">Gomoa East</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Potsin" title="Potsin">Potsin</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomoa_West_District" title="Gomoa West District">Gomoa West</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Apam" title="Apam">Apam</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twifo-Atti_Morkwa_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Twifo-Atti Morkwa District">Twifo-Atti Morkwa</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Twifo_Praso" title="Twifo Praso">Twifo Praso</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twifo/Heman/Lower_Denkyira_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Twifo/Heman/Lower Denkyira District">Twifo/Heman/Lower Denkyira</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Hemang" title="Hemang">Twifo Hemang</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Upper_Denkyira_West_District" title="Upper Denkyira West District">Upper Denkyira West</a> (Capital: <a href="/wiki/Diaso" title="Diaso">Diaso</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="map" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/19px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/29px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg/38px-Africa_%28orthographic_projection%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Africa" title="Portal:Africa">Africa</a></li></ul></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236088147">.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline;font-size:88%;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em 0 0;padding:0 2em}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;padding:0.2em 0;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px;line-height:22px}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;align-items:baseline;padding:0.2em 0;column-gap:1em;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{display:flex;align-items:baseline;margin:0.15em 0;min-height:24px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-logo{width:22px;line-height:22px;margin:0 0.2em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-link{margin:0 0.2em;text-align:left}@media screen and (max-width:960px){.mw-parser-output .sister-bar{flex-flow:column wrap;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-header{flex:0 1}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-content{flex:1;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .sister-bar-item{flex:0 0 20em;min-width:20em}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+link+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+style+.sister-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+.navbox-styles+.portal-bar{margin-top:-1px}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sister-bar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="noprint metadata sister-bar" role="navigation" aria-label="sister-projects"><div class="sister-bar-header"><b>Elmina</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects" style="white-space:nowrap;">sister projects</span></a>:</div><ul class="sister-bar-content"><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Elmina" class="extiw" title="c:Category:Elmina">Media</a></b> from Commons</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/20px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/40px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Elmina" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Elmina">Texts</a></b> from Wikisource</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/19px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/29px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/38px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Elmina" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Elmina">Textbooks</a></b> from Wikibooks</span></li><li class="sister-bar-item"><span class="sister-bar-logo"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/19px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/29px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/38px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-bar-link"><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Elmina" class="extiw" title="voy:Elmina">Travel guides</a></b> from Wikivoyage</span></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/126769506">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJtH3GxXt9vrV64tdJRHYP">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4453342-1">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n88028936">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11943433g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11943433g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007567360105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/02737999X">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044472">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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