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macroinvertebrates</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: aquatic macroinvertebrates"> <meta name="keywords" content="aquatic macroinvertebrates"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="aquatic macroinvertebrates"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 444</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: aquatic macroinvertebrates</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">414</span> Phytoremediation of Pharmaceutical Emerging Contaminant-Laden Wastewater: A Techno-Economic and Sustainable Development Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Reda%20A.%20Elkhyat">Reda A. Elkhyat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahmoud%20Nasr"> Mahmoud Nasr</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20A.%20Tammam"> Amel A. Tammam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohamed%20A.%20Ghazy"> Mohamed A. Ghazy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) are a unique group of emerging contaminants continuously introduced into the aquatic ecosystem at concentrations capable of inducing adverse effects on humans and aquatic organisms, even at trace levels ranging from ppt to ppm. Amongst the common pharmaceutical emerging pollutants detected in several aquatic environments, acetaminophen has been recognized for its high toxicity. Once released into the aquatic environment, acetaminophen could be degraded by the microbial community and adsorption/ uptake by the plants. Although many studies have investigated the hazard risks of acetaminophen pollutants on aquatic animals, the number of studies demonstrating its removal efficiency and effects on the aquatic plant still needs to be expanded. In this context, this study aims to apply the aquatic plant-based phytoremediation system to eliminate this emerging contaminant from domestic wastewater. The phytoremediation experiment was performed in a hydroponic system containing Eichhornia crassipes and operated under the natural environment at 25°C to 30°C. This system was subjected to synthetic domestic wastewater with the maximum initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) of 390 mg/L and three different acetaminophen concentrations of 25, 50, and 200 mg/L. After 17 d of operation, the phytoremediation system achieved removal efficiencies of about 100% and 85.6±4.2% for acetaminophen and COD, respectively.Moreover, the Eichhornia crassipes could withstand the toxicity associated with increasing the acetaminophen concentrations from 25 to 200 mg/L. This high treatment performance could be assigned to the well-adaptation of the water hyacinth to the phytoremediation factors. Moreover, it has been proposed that this phytoremediation system could be largely supported by phytodegradation and plant uptaking mechanisms; however, detecting the generated intermediates, metabolites, and degradation products are still under investigation. Applying this free-floating plant in wastewater treatment and reducing emerging contaminants would meet the targets of SDGs 3, 6, and. 14. The cost-benefit analysis was performed for the phytoremediation system. The phytoremediation system is financially viable as the net profit was 2921 US $/ y with a payback period of nine years. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=domestic%20wastewater" title="domestic wastewater">domestic wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20pollutants" title=" emerging pollutants"> emerging pollutants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrophyte%20Eichhornia%20crassipes" title=" hydrophyte Eichhornia crassipes"> hydrophyte Eichhornia crassipes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paracetamol%20removal%20efficiency" title=" paracetamol removal efficiency"> paracetamol removal efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20development%20goals%20%28SDGs%29" title=" sustainable development goals (SDGs)"> sustainable development goals (SDGs)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161234/phytoremediation-of-pharmaceutical-emerging-contaminant-laden-wastewater-a-techno-economic-and-sustainable-development-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161234.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">115</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">413</span> Characterization of Fateh Sagar Wetland and Its Catchment Area at Udaipur City, (Raj.) India, Using High Resolution Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parul%20Bhalla">Parul Bhalla</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarvesh%20Palria"> Sarvesh Palria</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Wetlands are areas of land that are either temporarily or permanently covered by water. Wetlands exhibit enormous diversity according to their genesis, geographical location, water regime and chemistry, dominant plants and soil or sediment characteristics. The spatial and temporal characteristics of wetland in terms of turbidity and aquatic vegetation could serve as guiding tool, in conservation prioritization of wetlands. The aquatic vegetation in the wetland is an indicator of the trophic status of the wetland which has a bearing on the water quality, the turbidity level in any wetland is indicative of the quality of the water in it. To conserve and manage wetland resources, it is important to have inventory of wetland and its catchment. Fateh Sagar wetland in Udaipur city is the one of the important wetland for tourism industry and other economic activities in the region. Realizing the importance of the wetland, the present study has been taken up with the specific objective of delineation and characterization of Fateh Sagar wetland in terms of turbidity and aquatic vegetation, using high resolution satellite data such as Cartosat and LISS IV multi-temporal data, which will efficiently bring out the changes in water spread and quality parameters. The catchment of wetland has been also characterized for various features. The study leads in to takes necessary steps to conserve the wetland and its resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20vegetation" title="aquatic vegetation">aquatic vegetation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=catchment" title=" catchment"> catchment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=turbidity%20status" title=" turbidity status"> turbidity status</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wetland" title=" wetland"> wetland</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35713/characterization-of-fateh-sagar-wetland-and-its-catchment-area-at-udaipur-city-raj-india-using-high-resolution-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35713.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">403</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">412</span> Performance of Phytogreen Zone for BOD5 and SS Removal for Refurbishment Conventional Oxidation Pond in an Integrated Phytogreen System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20R.%20Abdul%20Syukor">A. R. Abdul Syukor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20W.%20Zularisam"> A. W. Zularisam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Z.%20Ideris"> Z. Ideris</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20S.%20Mohd%20Ismid"> M. S. Mohd Ismid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20M.%20Nakmal"> H. M. Nakmal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Sulaiman"> S. Sulaiman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20H.%20Hasmanie"> A. H. Hasmanie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Siti%20Norsita"> M. R. Siti Norsita</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Nasrullah"> M. Nasrullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the effectiveness of integrated aquatic plants in phytogreen zone was studied and statistical analysis for the promotional integrated phytogreen system approached was discussed. It was found that the effectiveness of using aquatic plant such as Typha angustifolia sp., Lepironia articulata sp., Limnocharis flava sp., Monochoria vaginalis sp., Pistia stratiotes sp., and Eichhornia crassipes sp. in the conventional oxidation pond process in order to comply the standard A according to Malaysia Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act 127); Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulation 2009 for effluent discharge into inland water near the residential area was successfully shown. It was concluded that the integrated phytogreen system developed in this study has great potential for refurbishment wastewater in conventional oxidation pond. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytoremediation" title="phytoremediation">phytoremediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrated%20phytogreen%20system" title=" integrated phytogreen system"> integrated phytogreen system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sewage%20treatment%20plant" title=" sewage treatment plant"> sewage treatment plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidation%20pond" title=" oxidation pond"> oxidation pond</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20plants" title=" aquatic plants"> aquatic plants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6115/performance-of-phytogreen-zone-for-bod5-and-ss-removal-for-refurbishment-conventional-oxidation-pond-in-an-integrated-phytogreen-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6115.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">411</span> Expression of Metallothionein Gen and Protein on Hepatopancreas, Gill and Muscle of Perna viridis Caused by Biotoxicity Hg, Pb and Cd </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yulia%20Irnidayanti">Yulia Irnidayanti </a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20J.%20Josua"> J. J. Josua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sugianto"> A. Sugianto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Jakarta Bay with 13 rivers that flow into, the environment has deteriorated and is the most polluted bays in Asia. The entry of waste into the waters of the Bay of Jakarta has caused pollution. Heavy metal contamination has led to pollution levels and may cause toxicity to organisms that live in the sea, down to the cellular level and may affect the ecological balance. Various ways have been conducted to measure the impact of environmental degradation, such as by measuring the levels of contaminants in the environment, including measuring the accumulation of toxic compounds in the tissues of organisms. Biological responses or biomarkers known as a sensitive indicator but need relevant predictions. In heavy metal pollution monitoring, analysis of aquatic biota is very important from the analysis of the water itself. The content of metals in aquatic biota will usually always be increased from time to time due to the nature of metal bioaccumulation, so the aquatic biota is best used as an indicator of metal pollution in aquatic environments. The results of the content analysis results of sea water in coastal estuaries Angke, Kaliadem and Panimbang detected heavy metals cadmium, mercury, lead, but did not find zinc metal. Based on the results of protein electrophoresis methallotionein found heavy metals in the tissues hepatopancreas, gills and muscles, and also the mRNA expression of has detected. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gills" title="gills">gills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metal" title=" heavy metal"> heavy metal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hepatopancreas" title=" hepatopancreas"> hepatopancreas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metallothionein" title=" metallothionein"> metallothionein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muscle" title=" muscle "> muscle </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25224/expression-of-metallothionein-gen-and-protein-on-hepatopancreas-gill-and-muscle-of-perna-viridis-caused-by-biotoxicity-hg-pb-and-cd" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25224.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">389</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">410</span> The Impacts Of Hydraulic Conditions On The Fate, Transport And Accumulation Of Microplastics Pollution In The Aquatic Ecosystems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Rasta">Majid Rasta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaotao%20Shi"> Xiaotao Shi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mian%20Adnan%20Kakakhel"> Mian Adnan Kakakhel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yanqin%20Bai"> Yanqin Bai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lao%20Liu"> Lao Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jia%20Manke"> Jia Manke</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Microplastics (MPs; particles <5 mm) pollution is considered as a globally pervasive threat to aquatic ecosystems, and many studies reported this pollution in rivers, wetlands, lakes, coastal waters and oceans. In the aquatic environments, settling and transport of MPs in water column and sediments are determined by different factors such as hydrologic characteristics, watershed pattern, rainfall events, hydraulic conditions, vegetation, hydrodynamics behavior of MPs, and physical features of particles (shape, size and density). In the meantime, hydraulic conditions (such as turbulence, high/low water speed flows or water stagnation) play a key role in the fate of MPs in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, this study presents a briefly review on the effects of different hydraulic conditions on the fate, transport and accumulation of MPs in aquatic ecosystems. Generally, MPs are distributed horizontally and vertically in aquatic environments. The vertical distribution of MPs in the water column changes with different flow velocities. In the riverine, turbulent flow causing from the rapid water velocity and shallow depth may create a homogeneous mixture of MPs throughout the water column. While low velocity followed by low-turbulent waters can lead to the low level vertical mixing of MP particles in the water column. Consequently, the high numbers of MPs are expected to be found in the sediments of deep and wide channels as well as estuaries. In contrast, observing the lowest accumulation of MP particles in the sediments of straights of the rivers, places with the highest flow velocity is understandable. In the marine environment, hydrodynamic factors (e.g., turbulence, current velocity and residual circulation) can affect the sedimentation and transportation of MPs and thus change the distribution of MPs in the marine and coastal sediments. For instance, marine bays are known as the accumulation area of MPs due to poor hydrodynamic conditions. On the other hand, in the nearshore zone, the flow conditions are highly complex and dynamic. Experimental studies illustrated that maximum horizontal flow velocity in the sandy beach can predict the accumulation of MPs so that particles with high sinking velocities deposit in the lower water depths. As a whole, it can be concluded that the transport and accumulation of MPs in aquatic ecosystems are highly affected by hydraulic conditions. This study provided information about the impacts of hydraulic on MPs pollution. Further research on hydraulics and its relationship to the accumulation of MPs in aquatic ecosystems is needed to increase insights into this pollution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microplastics%20pollution" title="microplastics pollution">microplastics pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydraulic" title=" hydraulic"> hydraulic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transport" title=" transport"> transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accumulation" title=" accumulation"> accumulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176618/the-impacts-of-hydraulic-conditions-on-the-fate-transport-and-accumulation-of-microplastics-pollution-in-the-aquatic-ecosystems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/176618.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">70</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">409</span> Spatio-Temporal Variability in Reciprocal Resource Subsidies across Adjacent Terrestrial and Aquatic Eastern Cape Ecosystems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tiyisani%20L.%20Chavalala">Tiyisani L. Chavalala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nicole%20B.%20Richoux"> Nicole B. Richoux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20H.%20Villet"> Martin H. Villet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Rivers and their adjacent ecosystems are linked by reciprocal ecological subsidies. Rivers receive nutrients and energy from land, and these transfers can represent important food subsidies, a phenomenon known as allochthony. Emergence of adult aquatic invertebrates can also provide important food sources to terrestrial consumers. Reciprocal subsidies are influenced by factors such as canopy cover, river flow rate and channel width, which can be highly variable through space and time. The aim of this study is to identify and quantify the main trophic links between adjacent ecosystems (terrestrial and freshwater systems) in several Eastern Cape Rivers with different catchment sizes and flow rates and to develop an understanding of the factors that affect the strength of these links and their spatial dynamics. Food sources and consumers were sampled during four seasons (August 2016, November 2016, February 2017 and May 2017), and stable isotope ratios will serve as tracers to estimate the food web structures. Emergence traps are being used to quantify the rates of emergence of adult aquatic insects, and infall-pan traps are being used to quantify the terrestrial insects falling into rivers as potential food subsidies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emerging%20aquatic%20insects" title="emerging aquatic insects">emerging aquatic insects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in-falling%20terrestrial%20insects" title=" in-falling terrestrial insects"> in-falling terrestrial insects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reciprocal%20resource%20subsidies" title=" reciprocal resource subsidies"> reciprocal resource subsidies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stable%20isotopes" title=" stable isotopes"> stable isotopes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80313/spatio-temporal-variability-in-reciprocal-resource-subsidies-across-adjacent-terrestrial-and-aquatic-eastern-cape-ecosystems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">408</span> Behavioral Changes and Gill Histopathological Alterations of Red Hybrid Tilapia (Oreochromis sp.) Exposed to Glyphosate Herbicide</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abubakar%20Muhammad%20Umar">Abubakar Muhammad Umar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nur%20Adeela%20Yasid"> Nur Adeela Yasid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hassan%20Mohd%20Daud"> Hassan Mohd Daud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohd%20Yunus%20Abd%20Shukor"> Mohd Yunus Abd Shukor</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Glyphosate [N-(phosphonomethyl) glycine] is among the most broadly and generally recognised broad-spectrum herbicides used in agriculture due to its low cost and effectiveness in weed management. The pollution of glyphosate in the aquatic environment can be via water run-off from agricultural lands, or by spray drift, aerial spraying or due to industrial discharge, which may be seen as a threat to aquatic biota. Fish is one of the best organisms to study the toxicological aspects of glyphosate. A 49 days experiment was conducted under laboratory conditions to ascertain the effects of technical grade glyphosate on behaviour and histopathological conditions in the gills of red hybrid tilapia using a light inverted microscope. Air gasping, erratic swimming, fin movement, mucus secretion, hemorrhages, and loss of scales were observed as behavioural changes in the exposed fish. There was no histopathological complication observed in the gill of the control fish, but various levels of alterations were seen in the gills of the fish exposed to glyphosate herbicide. These include lifting of primary lamella, congestion of secondary lamella, as well as hyperplasia in both primary and secondary gill lamella, and hypertrophy of secondary gill lamella. Based on the findings of this study, glyphosate herbicide exerts behavioural and histopathological changes in the gill of red hybrid tilapia, and therefore, the fish is considered a good bioindicator in aquatic environment monitoring. Excessive usage of glyphosate herbicide near aquatic habitats should be discouraged. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavioural" title="behavioural">behavioural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathological" title=" histopathological"> histopathological</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oreochromis%20niloticus" title=" Oreochromis niloticus"> Oreochromis niloticus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glyphosate" title=" glyphosate"> glyphosate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187898/behavioral-changes-and-gill-histopathological-alterations-of-red-hybrid-tilapia-oreochromis-sp-exposed-to-glyphosate-herbicide" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">48</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">407</span> Mugil cephalus Presents a Feasible Alternative To Lates calcarifer Farming in Brackishwater: Evidence From Grey Mullet Mugil Cephalus Farming in Bangladesh</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Hasan">Asif Hasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Among the reported suitable mariculture species in Bangladesh, seabass and mullet are the two most popular candidates due to their high market values. Several field studies conducted on the culture of seabass in Bangladesh, it still remains a challenge to commercially grow this species due to its exclusive carnivorous nature. In contrast, the grey mullet (M. cephalus) is a fast-growing, omnivorous euryhaline fish that has shown excellent growth in many areas including South Asia. Choice of a sustainable aquaculture technique must consider the productivity and yield as well as their environmental suitability. This study was designed to elucidate the ecologically suitable culture technique of M. cephalus in brakishwater ponds by comparing the biotic and abiotic components of pond ecosystem. In addition to growth parameters (yield, ADG, SGR, weight gain, FCR), Physicochemical parameters (Temperature, DO, pH, salinity, TDS, transparency, ammonia, and Chlorophyll-a concentration) and biological community composition (phytoplankton, zooplankton and benthic macroinvertebrates) were investigated from ponds under Semi-intensive, Improve extensive and Traditional culture system. While temperature were similar in the three culture types, ponds under improve-extensive showed better environmental conditions with significantly higher mean DO and transparency, and lower TDS and Chlorophyll-a. The abundance of zooplankton, phytoplankton and benthic macroinvertebrates were apparently higher in semi-intensive ponds. The Analysis of Similarity (ANOSIM) suggested moderate difference in the planktonic community composition. While the fish growth parameters of M. cephalus and total yield did not differ significantly between three systems, M. cephalus yield (kg/decimal) was apparently higher in semi-intensive pond due to high stocking density and intensive feeding. The results suggested that the difference between the three systems were due to more efficient utilization of nutrients in improve extensive ponds which affected fish growth through trophic cascades. This study suggested that different culture system of M. cephalus is an alternative and more beneficial method owing to its ecological and economic benefits in brackishwater ponds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mugil%20cephalus" title="Mugil cephalus">Mugil cephalus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pond%20ecosystem" title=" pond ecosystem"> pond ecosystem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mariculture" title=" mariculture"> mariculture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fisheries%20management" title=" fisheries management"> fisheries management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183338/mugil-cephalus-presents-a-feasible-alternative-to-lates-calcarifer-farming-in-brackishwater-evidence-from-grey-mullet-mugil-cephalus-farming-in-bangladesh" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/183338.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">74</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">406</span> Aquatic and Marshy Flora from Fresh Water Wetlands on Quartz Sands in Pinar Del Río, Cuba</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vidal%20P%C3%A9rez%20Hern%C3%A1ndez">Vidal Pérez Hernández</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Enrique%20Gonz%C3%A1lez%20Pend%C3%A1s"> Enrique González Pendás</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The most of the aquatic and marshy flora in Cuba, is located on quartzitic sands ecosystems and they are represented by a wide variety of freshwater wetlands, which are spread in the whole south and south-western plain of Pinar del Río. The survey carried out in these ecosystems offers an updated inventory of these species, showing up their biological type, habit, distribution, and the threat grade to which are subjected, taking into account categories granted by UICN. A remarkable decrease is evidenced, in the total of these species respect to this area; due to deposit processes and deforestation, which are taken place by the human activity and the climatic change. It is linked to others threats like, limitless use of their water reserves for irrigating groves, the cattle raising and intensive fishing. Added to it, its sand with 99% pure crystal quartz, are used for the mining. The combination of all factors has a negative influence on a flora that stores more than 250 species, most of them herbaceous and hydrophytes. In these particular ecosystems were found a 40% endemism from total flora, and more than 80%, are evaluated inside the most sensitive threat categories, and already some of them have been declared as extinct. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20flora" title="aquatic flora">aquatic flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marshy%20flora" title=" marshy flora"> marshy flora</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quartzitic%20sands" title=" quartzitic sands"> quartzitic sands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wetlands" title=" wetlands"> wetlands</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70080/aquatic-and-marshy-flora-from-fresh-water-wetlands-on-quartz-sands-in-pinar-del-rio-cuba" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70080.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">228</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">405</span> Roles of Aquatic Plants on Erosion Relief of Stream Bed</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jin-Hong%20Kim">Jin-Hong Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Roles of the vegetation to mitigate the erosion of the stream bed or to facilitate the deposition of the fine sediments by the species of the aquatic plants were presented. Field investigation on the estimation of the change of the bed level and the estimation of the flow characteristics were performed. The results showed that Phragmites japonica has the mitigation function of 0.3m-0.4m of the erosion in the range of higher than 1.0m/s of flow velocity at the vegetated region. Phragmites communis has the mitigation function of 0.2m-0.3m of the erosion in the range of higher than 0.7m/s of flow velocity at the vegetated region. Salix gracilistyla has greater role than Phragmites japonica and Phragmites communis to sustain the stable channel. It has the mitigation function of 0.4m-0.5m of the erosion in the range of higher than 1.4m/s of flow velocity. Miscanthus sacchariflorus has a weak role compared with that of Phragmites japonica and Salix gracilistyla, but it has still function for sustaining the stable bed. From these results, the vegetation has effective roles to mitigate the erosion or to facilitate the deposition of the stream bed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20plants" title="aquatic plants">aquatic plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phragmites%20japonica" title=" Phragmites japonica"> Phragmites japonica</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phragmites%20communis" title=" Phragmites communis"> Phragmites communis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Salix%20gracilistyla" title=" Salix gracilistyla"> Salix gracilistyla</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24518/roles-of-aquatic-plants-on-erosion-relief-of-stream-bed" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24518.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">386</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">404</span> Aquatic Therapy Improving Balance Function of Individuals with Stroke: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Po%20Wu">Wei-Po Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wen-Yu%20Liu"> Wen-Yu Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei%E2%88%92Ting%20Lin"> Wei−Ting Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hen-Yu%20Lien"> Hen-Yu Lien</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Improving balance function for individuals after stroke is a crucial target in physiotherapy. Aquatic therapy which challenges individual’s postural control in an unstable fluid environment may be beneficial in enhancing balance functions. The purposes of the systematic review with meta-analyses were to validate the effects of aquatic therapy in improving balance functions for individuals with strokes in contrast to conventional physiotherapy. Method: Available studies were explored from three electronic databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. During literature search, the published date of studies was not limited. The study design of the included studies should be randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and the studies should contain at least one outcome measurement of balance function. The PEDro scale was adopted to assess the quality of included studies, while the 'Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine 2011 Levels of Evidence' was used to evaluate the level of evidence. After the data extraction, studies with same outcome measures were pooled together for meta-analysis. Result: Ten studies with 282 participants were included in analyses. The research qualities of the studies were ranged from fair to good (4 to 8 points). Levels of evidence of the included studies were graded as level 2 and 3. Finally, scores of Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Eye closed force plate center of pressure velocity (anterior-posterior, medial-lateral axis) and Timed up and Go test were pooled and analyzed separately. The pooled results shown improvement in balance function (BBS mean difference (MD): 1.39 points; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.05-2.29; p=0.002) (Eye closed force plate center of pressure velocity (anterior-posterior axis) MD: 1.39 mm/s; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.93-1.86; p<0.001) (Eye closed force plate center of pressure velocity (medial-lateral) MD: 1.48 mm/s; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.15-2.82; p=0.03) and mobility (MD: 0.9 seconds; 95% CI: 0.07-1.73; p=0.03) of stroke individuals after aquatic therapy compared to conventional therapy. Although there were significant differences between two treatment groups, the differences in improvement were relatively small. Conclusion: The aquatic therapy improved general balance function and mobility in the individuals with stroke better than conventional physiotherapy. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20therapy" title="aquatic therapy">aquatic therapy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=balance%20function" title=" balance function"> balance function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stroke" title=" stroke"> stroke</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=systematic%20review" title=" systematic review"> systematic review</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80113/aquatic-therapy-improving-balance-function-of-individuals-with-stroke-a-systematic-review-with-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80113.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">201</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">403</span> Impact of Water Courses Lining on Water Quality and Distribution of Aquatic Vegetations in Two Egyptian Governorates</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nahed%20M.%20M.%20Ismail">Nahed M. M. Ismail</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bayoumy%20B.%20Mostafa"> Bayoumy B. Mostafa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20Abdel-Kader"> Ahmed Abdel-Kader</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khalil%20M.%20El-Said"> Khalil M. El-Said</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asmaa%20Abdel-Motleb"> Asmaa Abdel-Motleb</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoda%20M.%20Abu%20Taleb"> Hoda M. Abu Taleb</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was carried out in lined and unlined watercourses in Beheira and Giza governorates to investigate the effect of water canals lining on water quality and aquatic vegetations. Samples of water and aquatic plants were collected from the examining sites during four seasons in two successive years. The main ecological parameters were recorded and water quality was measured. Results showed that the mean value of water conductivity and total dissolved salts in lined sites was significantly lower than those of unlined ones (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). In Beheira, the dissolved oxygen concentrations during autumn and winter were higher in lined sites (3.93±1.3 and 9.6±1.1 ppm, respectively) than those of unlined ones (the same values of 1.2±0.6 ppm). However, it represented by lower values of 5.77±6.05 and 4.9±1.8 ppm in lined watercourses in spring and summer, respectively, comparing with those in unlined ones (14.05±5.59 and 5.83±0.8 ppm, respectively). Generally, Zn, Pb, Fe, Cd were higher in both lined and unlined sites during summer than the other seasons. However, Zn and Fe were higher in lined sites (0.78±0.37 and 17.4±4.3 ppb, respectively) during summer than that of unlined ones (0.4±0.1 and 10.95±1.93 ppb, respectively). Cu was absent during summer in lined and unlined sites and only in unlined ones during spring. Regarding to Giza sites, Cu and Pb were absent in both lined and unlined sites during summer and only in unlined ones during spring. Whereas, Fe recorded higher values in autumn in both lined (8.8±20.1 ppb) and unlined sites (15.16±3 ppb) than the other seasons. Present survey study revealed that 13 species of aquatic plants were collected from lined and unlined sites in Beheira and Giza governorates. Eichhornia crassipes, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Potamogeton sp. were the only plant species infested the examined sites during autumn and winter in Beheira. In autumn C. demersum was the only plant found in lined sites represented by highly lower significant percentage (12.5% of the all examined sites) compared to the unlined sites (50%). E. crassipes was completely absent in the lined sites during the two seasons. In spring, there is only 3 plant species in lined sites compared to 6 ones in unlined. Also, in summer, there is only 2 species in lined sites comparing with 5 in unlined. The percentage of occurrence and density of these plants was highly significant (p < 0.01, p < 0.001) higher in unlined sites compared to the lined ones during all seasons. A diversity of plant species, E. crassipes, C. demersum, Jussias repens, Lemma giba, and Polygonum serr were the most abundant in many examined sites during all seasons in Giza. In summer, the percentage of sites containing the two plants E. crassipes (83.3%) and C. demersum (50%) was highly significant (p < 0.001) higher in unlined sites compared to the lined ones (50% and 0.0%, respectively). It concluded from the results that watercourses lining may play a significant role in preserving water with a good quality and reduces the distribution of aquatic vegetation which rendered the current of water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20plants" title="aquatic plants">aquatic plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lining%20of%20watercourses" title=" lining of watercourses"> lining of watercourses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physicochemical%20parameters" title=" physicochemical parameters"> physicochemical parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality"> water quality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91484/impact-of-water-courses-lining-on-water-quality-and-distribution-of-aquatic-vegetations-in-two-egyptian-governorates" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/91484.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">402</span> Structural and Morphological Characterization of the Biomass of Aquatics Macrophyte (Egeria densa) Submitted to Thermal Pretreatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joyce%20Cruz%20Ferraz%20Dutra">Joyce Cruz Ferraz Dutra</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcele%20Fonseca%20Passos"> Marcele Fonseca Passos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rubens%20Maciel%20Filho"> Rubens Maciel Filho</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Douglas%20Fernandes%20Barbin"> Douglas Fernandes Barbin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gustavo%20Mockaitis"> Gustavo Mockaitis</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The search for alternatives to control hunger in the world, generated a major environmental problem. Intensive systems of fish production can cause an imbalance in the aquatic environment, triggering the phenomenon of eutrophication. Currently, there are many forms of growth control aquatic plants, such as mechanical withdrawal, however some difficulties arise for their final destination. The Egeria densa is a species of submerged aquatic macrophyte-rich in cellulose and low concentrations of lignin. By applying the concept of second generation energy, which uses lignocellulose for energy production, the reuse of these aquatic macrophytes (Egeria densa) in the biofuels production can turn an interesting alternative. In order to make lignocellulose sugars available for effective fermentation, it is important to use pre-treatments in order to separate the components and modify the structure of the cellulose and thus facilitate the attack of the microorganisms responsible for the fermentation. Therefore, the objective of this research work was to evaluate the structural and morphological transformations occurring in the biomass of aquatic macrophytes (E.densa) submitted to a thermal pretreatment. The samples were collected in an intensive fish growing farm, in the low São Francisco dam, in the northeastern region of Brazil. After collection, the samples were dried in a 65 0C ventilation oven and milled in a 5mm micron knife mill. A duplicate assay was carried, comparing the in natural biomass with the pretreated biomass with heat (MT). The sample (MT) was submitted to an autoclave with a temperature of 1210C and a pressure of 1.1 atm, for 30 minutes. After this procedure, the biomass was characterized in terms of degree of crystallinity and morphology, using X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. The results showed that there was a decrease of 11% in the crystallinity index (% CI) of the pretreated biomass, leading to the structural modification in the cellulose and greater presence of amorphous structures. Increases in porosity and surface roughness of the samples were also observed. These results suggest that biomass may become more accessible to the hydrolytic enzymes of fermenting microorganisms. Therefore, the morphological transformations caused by the thermal pretreatment may be favorable for a subsequent fermentation and, consequently, a higher yield of biofuels. Thus, the use of thermally pretreated aquatic macrophytes (E.densa) can be an environmentally, financially and socially sustainable alternative. In addition, it represents a measure of control for the aquatic environment, which can generate income (biogas production) and maintenance of fish farming activities in local communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatics%20macrophyte" title="aquatics macrophyte">aquatics macrophyte</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biofuels" title=" biofuels"> biofuels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crystallinity" title=" crystallinity"> crystallinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pretreatment%20thermal" title=" pretreatment thermal"> pretreatment thermal</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68807/structural-and-morphological-characterization-of-the-biomass-of-aquatics-macrophyte-egeria-densa-submitted-to-thermal-pretreatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68807.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">401</span> Environmental Impacts and Ecological Utilization of Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in the Niger Delta Fresh Ecosystem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seiyaboh%20E.%20I.">Seiyaboh E. I.</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water Hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) was introduced into many parts of the world, including Africa, as an ornamental garden pond plant because of its beauty. However, it is considered a dangerous pest today because when not controlled, water hyacinth will cover rivers, lakes and ponds entirely; this dramatically impacts water flow, blocks sunlight from reaching native aquatic plants, and starves the water of oxygen, often killing fish and other aquatic organisms. In the Niger Delta region, water hyacinth is considered a nuisance because of its very obvious devastating environmental impacts in the region. However, water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) constitutes a very important part of an aquatic ecosystem. It possesses specialized growth habits, physiological characteristics and reproductive strategies that allow for rapid growth and spread in freshwater environments and this explains its very rapid spread in the Niger Delta freshwater ecosystem. This paper therefore focuses on the environmental consequences of the proliferation of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in the Niger Delta freshwater ecosystem, extent of impact, and options available for its ecological utilization which will help mitigate proliferation, restore effective freshwater ecosystem utilization and balance. It concludes by recommending sustainable practices outlining the beneficial uses of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) rather than control. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=environmental%20impacts" title="environmental impacts">environmental impacts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20utilization" title=" ecological utilization"> ecological utilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Niger%20Delta" title=" Niger Delta"> Niger Delta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20hyacinth" title=" water hyacinth"> water hyacinth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eichhornia%20crassipes" title=" Eichhornia crassipes"> Eichhornia crassipes</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24966/environmental-impacts-and-ecological-utilization-of-water-hyacinth-eichhornia-crassipes-in-the-niger-delta-fresh-ecosystem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/24966.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">400</span> Modelling Phytoremediation Rates of Aquatic Macrophytes in Aquaculture Effluent </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20A.%20Kiridi">E. A. Kiridi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20O.%20Ogunlela"> A. O. Ogunlela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pollutants from aquacultural practices constitute environmental problems and phytoremediation could offer cheaper environmentally sustainable alternative since equipment using advanced treatment for fish tank effluent is expensive to import, install, operate and maintain, especially in developing countries. The main objective of this research was, therefore, to develop a mathematical model for phytoremediation by aquatic plants in aquaculture wastewater. Other objectives were to evaluate the retention times on phytoremediation rates using the model and to measure the nutrient level of the aquaculture effluent and phytoremediation rates of three aquatic macrophytes, namely; water hyacinth (Eichornia crassippes), water lettuce (Pistial stratoites) and morning glory (Ipomea asarifolia). A completely randomized experimental design was used in the study. Approximately 100 g of each macrophyte were introduced into the hydroponic units and phytoremediation indices monitored at 8 different intervals from the first to the 28th day. The water quality parameters measured were pH and electrical conductivity (EC). Others were concentration of ammonium–nitrogen (NH₄⁺ -N), nitrite- nitrogen (NO₂⁻ -N), nitrate- nitrogen (NO₃⁻ -N), phosphate –phosphorus (PO₄³⁻ -P), and biomass value. The biomass produced by water hyacinth was 438.2 g, 600.7 g, 688.2 g and 725.7 g at four 7–day intervals. The corresponding values for water lettuce were 361.2 g, 498.7 g, 561.2 g and 623.7 g and for morning glory were 417.0 g, 567.0 g, 642.0 g and 679.5g. Coefficient of determination was greater than 80% for EC, TDS, NO₂⁻ -N, NO₃⁻ -N and 70% for NH₄⁺ -N using any of the macrophytes and the predicted values were within the 95% confidence interval of measured values. Therefore, the model is valuable in the design and operation of phytoremediation systems for aquaculture effluent. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquaculture%20effluent" title="aquaculture effluent">aquaculture effluent</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=macrophytes" title=" macrophytes"> macrophytes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20model" title=" mathematical model"> mathematical model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phytoremediation" title=" phytoremediation"> phytoremediation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46855/modelling-phytoremediation-rates-of-aquatic-macrophytes-in-aquaculture-effluent" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46855.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">225</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">399</span> Impact of Flood on Phytoplankton Biochemical Composition in Subtropical Reservoir, Lake Nasser </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shymaa%20S.%20Zaher">Shymaa S. Zaher</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Howayda%20Abd%20El-Hady"> Howayda Abd El-Hady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nehad%20Khalifa"> Nehad Khalifa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Lake Nasser is vital to Egypt as it is the main Nile water reservoir. One of the major challenges in ecological flood is to establish how environmental enrichment in nutrients availability may affect both the biochemical composition of phytoplankton and the species communities. Samples were collected from twenty sites representing different lake sectors along the main channel of the lake during 2017. Generally, phytoplankton distribution during flood season in Lake Nasser indicates the predominance of Cyanophyceae at all lake sectors. Increases in NO₂ (9.31 µg/l) and PO₄ (7.11µg/l) at the Abu-Simble sector are associated with changes in community structure and biochemical composition of phytoplankton, where Cyanophyceae blooming occur associated with retardation in biopolymeric particulate organic carbon. The maximum total biochemical contents (91.29 mg/l) and biopolymeric particulate organic carbon (37.15 mg/l) was found at El-Madiq sector where there was optimum nutrients (NO₂ 0.479 µg/l and PO₄ 5.149µg/l), a highly positive correlation was found between Cyanophyceae and NO₂ in the lake (r = 0.956). A highly positive correlation was detected between carbohydrates and both transparency and pH in the lake (r = 0.974 and 0.787). Also carbohydrates had a positive relation with Bacillariophyceae (r = 0.610). Flood positively alter the water quality of the lake by increasing dissolved oxygen and nutrients enrichment to the aquatic ecosystem, affecting other aquatic organisms of higher trophic levels as economic fishes inhabiting the lake. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20microalgae" title="aquatic microalgae">aquatic microalgae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aswan%20high%20dam%20lake" title=" Aswan high dam lake"> Aswan high dam lake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biochemical%20composition" title=" biochemical composition"> biochemical composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fresh%20water" title=" fresh water "> fresh water </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114336/impact-of-flood-on-phytoplankton-biochemical-composition-in-subtropical-reservoir-lake-nasser" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">162</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">398</span> Evaluation of Arsenic Removal in Synthetic Solutions and Natural Waters by Rhizofiltration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Barreto">P. Barreto</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Guevara"> A. Guevara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Ibujes"> V. Ibujes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, the removal of arsenic from synthetic solutions and natural water from Papallacta Lagoon was evaluated, by using the rhizofiltration method with terrestrial and aquatic plant species. Ecuador is a country of high volcanic activity, that is why most of water sources come from volcanic glaciers. Therefore, it is necessary to find new, affordable and effective methods for treating water. The water from Papallacta Lagoon shows levels from 327 µg/L to 803 µg/L of arsenic. The evaluation for the removal of arsenic began with the selection of 16 different species of terrestrial and aquatic plants. These plants were immersed to solutions of 4500 µg/L arsenic concentration, for 48 hours. Subsequently, 3 terrestrial species and 2 aquatic species were selected based on the highest amount of absorbed arsenic they showed, analyzed by plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), and their best capacity for adaptation into the arsenic solution. The chosen terrestrial species were cultivated from their seed with hydroponics methods, using coconut fiber and polyurethane foam as substrates. Afterwards, the species that best adapted to hydroponic environment were selected. Additionally, a control of the development for the selected aquatic species was carried out using a basic nutrient solution to provide the nutrients that the plants required. Following this procedure, 30 plants from the 3 types of species selected were exposed to a synthetic solution with levels of arsenic concentration of 154, 375 and 874 µg/L, for 15 days. Finally, the plant that showed the highest level of arsenic absorption was placed in 3 L of natural water, with arsenic levels of 803 µg/L. The plant laid in the water until it reached the desired level of arsenic of 10 µg/L. This experiment was carried out in a total of 30 days, in which the capacity of arsenic absorption of the plant was measured. As a result, the five species initially selected to be used in the last part of the evaluation were: sunflower (Helianthus annuus), clover (Trifolium), blue grass (Poa pratensis), water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and miniature aquatic fern (Azolla). The best result of arsenic removal was showed by the water hyacinth with a 53,7% of absorption, followed by the blue grass with 31,3% of absorption. On the other hand, the blue grass was the plant that best responded to the hydroponic cultivation, by obtaining a germination percentage of 97% and achieving its full growth in two months. Thus, it was the only terrestrial species selected. In summary, the final selected species were blue grass, water hyacinth and miniature aquatic fern. These three species were evaluated by immersing them in synthetic solutions with three different arsenic concentrations (154, 375 and 874 µg/L). Out of the three plants, the water hyacinth was the one that showed the highest percentages of arsenic removal with 98, 58 and 64%, for each one of the arsenic solutions. Finally, 12 plants of water hyacinth were chosen to reach an arsenic level up to 10 µg/L in natural water. This significant arsenic concentration reduction was obtained in 5 days. In conclusion, it was found that water hyacinth is the best plant to reduce arsenic levels in natural water. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arsenic" title="arsenic">arsenic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20water" title=" natural water"> natural water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plant%20species" title=" plant species"> plant species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhizofiltration" title=" rhizofiltration"> rhizofiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthetic%20solutions" title=" synthetic solutions"> synthetic solutions</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101024/evaluation-of-arsenic-removal-in-synthetic-solutions-and-natural-waters-by-rhizofiltration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/101024.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">397</span> Effect of Climate Changing Pattern on Aquatic Biodiversity of Bhimtal Lake at Kumaun Himalaya (India)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Davendra%20S.%20Malik">Davendra S. Malik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bhimtal lake is located between 290 21’ N latitude and 790 24’ E longitude, at an elevation of 1332m above mean sea level in the Kumaun region of Uttarakhand of Indian subcontinent. The lake surface area is decreasing in water area, depth level in relation to ecological and biological characteristics due to climatic variations, invasive land use pattern, degraded forest zones and changed agriculture pattern in lake catchment basin. The present study is focused on long and short term effects of climate change on aquatic biodiversity and productivity of Bhimtal lake. The meteorological data of last fifteen years of Bhimtal lake catchment basin revealed that air temperature has been increased 1.5 to 2.1oC in summer, 0.2 to 0.8 C in winter, relative humidity increased 4 to 6% in summer and rainfall pattern changed erratically in rainy seasons. The surface water temperature of Bhimtal lake showed an increasing pattern as 0.8 to 2.6 C, pH value decreased 0.5 to 0.2 in winter and increased 0.4 to 0.6 in summer. Dissolved oxygen level in lake showed a decreasing trend as 0.7 to 0.4mg/l in winter months. The mesotrophic nature of Bhimtal lake is changing towards eutrophic conditions and contributed for decreasing biodiversity. The aquatic biodiversity of Bhimtal lake consisted mainly phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos and fish species. In the present study, a total of 5 groups of phytoplankton, 3 groups of zooplankton, 11 groups of benthos and 15 fish species were recorded from Bhimtal lake. The comparative data of biodiversity of Bhimtal lake since January, 2000 indicated the changing pattern of phytoplankton biomass were decreasing as 1.99 and 1.08% of Chlorophyceae and Bacilleriophyceae families respectively. The biomass of Cynophyceae was increasing as 0.45% and contributing the algal blooms during summer season in lake. The biomass of zooplankton and benthos were found decreasing in winter season and increasing during summer season. The endemic fish species (18 no.) were found in year 2000-05, as while the fish species (15 no.) were recorded in present study. The relative fecundity of major fish species were observed decreasing trends during their breeding periods in lake. The natural and anthropogenic factors were identified as ecological threats for existing aquatic biodiversity of Bhimtal lake. The present research paper emphasized on the effect of changing pattern of different climatic variables on species composition, biomass of phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos, and fishes in Bhimtal lake of Kumaun region. The present research data will be contributed significantly to assess the changing pattern of aquatic biodiversity and productivity of Bhimtal lake with different time scale. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20biodiversity" title="aquatic biodiversity">aquatic biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhimtal%20lake" title=" Bhimtal lake"> Bhimtal lake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lake%20ecology" title=" lake ecology"> lake ecology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44476/effect-of-climate-changing-pattern-on-aquatic-biodiversity-of-bhimtal-lake-at-kumaun-himalaya-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">222</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">396</span> Sulfamethoxazole Degradation by Conventional Fenton and Microwave-Assisted Fenton Reaction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derradji%20Chebli">Derradji Chebli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdallah%20Bouguettoucha"> Abdallah Bouguettoucha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zoubir%20Manaa"> Zoubir Manaa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amrane%20Abdeltif"> Amrane Abdeltif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pharmaceutical products, such as sulfamethoxazole (SMX) are rejected in the environment at trace level by human and animals (ng/L to mg/L), in their original form or as byproducts. Antibiotics are toxic contaminants for the aquatic environment, owing to their adverse effects on the aquatic life and humans. Even at low concentrations, they can negatively impact biological water treatment leading to the proliferation of antibiotics-resistant pathogens. It is therefore of major importance to develop efficient methods to limit their presence in the aquatic environment. In this aim, advanced oxidation processes (AOP) appear relevant compared to other methods, since they are based on the production of highly reactive free radicals, and especially ●OH. The objective of this work was to evaluate the degradation of SMX by microwave-assisted Fenton reaction (MW/Fe/H2O2). Hydrogen peroxide and ferrous ions concentrations, as well as the microwave power were optimized. The results showed that the SMX degradation by MW/Fe/H2O2 followed a pseudo-first order kinetic. The treatment of 20 mg/L initial SMX by the Fenton reaction in the presence of microwave showed the positive impact of this latter owing to the higher degradation yields observed in a reduced reaction time if compared to the conventional Fenton reaction, less than 5 min for a total degradation. In addition, increasing microwave power increased the degradation kinetics. Irrespective of the application of microwave, the optimal pH for the Fenton reaction remained 3. Examination of the impact of the ionic strength showed that carbonate and sulfate anions increased the rate of SMX degradation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antibiotic" title="antibiotic">antibiotic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=degradation" title=" degradation"> degradation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=elimination" title=" elimination"> elimination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fenton" title=" fenton"> fenton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microwave" title=" microwave"> microwave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polluant" title=" polluant"> polluant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43664/sulfamethoxazole-degradation-by-conventional-fenton-and-microwave-assisted-fenton-reaction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43664.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">399</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">395</span> Short-Term Effects of Environmentally Relevant Concentrations of Organic UV Filters on Signal Crayfish Pacifastacus Leniusculus</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Viktoriia%20Malinovska">Viktoriia Malinovska</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iryna%20Kuklina"> Iryna Kuklina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katerina%20Grabicova"> Katerina Grabicova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milos%20Buric"> Milos Buric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavel%20Kozak"> Pavel Kozak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Personal care products, including organic UV filters, are considered emerging contaminants and their toxic effects have been a concern for the last decades. Sunscreen compounds continually enter the surface waters via sewage water treatment due to incomplete removal and during human recreational and laundry activities. Despite the environmental occurrence of organic UV filters in the freshwater environment, little is known about their impacts on aquatic biota. In this study, environmentally relevant concentrations of 5-Benzoyl-4-hydroxy-2-methoxybenzenesulfonic acid (BP-4, 2.5 µg/L) and 2-Phenylbenzimidazole-5-sulfonic acid (PBSA, 3 µg/L) were used to evaluate the cardiac and locomotor responses of signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus during a short time period. The effects of these compounds were evident in experimental animals. Specimens exposed to both tested compounds exhibited significantly bigger changes in distance moved and time movement than controls. Significant differences in changes in mean heart rate were detected in both PBSA and BP-4 experimental groups compared to control groups. Such behavioral and physiological alterations demonstrate the ecological effects of selected sunscreen compounds during a short time period. Since the evidence of the impacts of sunscreen compounds is scarce, the knowledge of how organic UV filters influence aquatic organisms is of key importance for future research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20pollutants" title="aquatic pollutants">aquatic pollutants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=behavior" title=" behavior"> behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=freshwaters" title=" freshwaters"> freshwaters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20rate" title=" heart rate"> heart rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invertebrate" title=" invertebrate"> invertebrate</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158513/short-term-effects-of-environmentally-relevant-concentrations-of-organic-uv-filters-on-signal-crayfish-pacifastacus-leniusculus" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158513.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">105</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">394</span> Application of Aquatic Plants for the Remediation of Organochlorine Pesticides from Keenjhar Lake</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soomal%20Hamza">Soomal Hamza</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Uzma%20Imran"> Uzma Imran</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Organochlorine pesticides bio-accumulate into the fat of fish, birds, and animals through which it enters the human food cycle. Due to their persistence and stability in the environment, many health impacts are associated with them, most of which are carcinogenic in nature. In this study, the level of organochlorine pesticides has been detected in Keenjhar Lake and remediated using Rhizoremediation technique. 14 OC pesticides namely, Aldrin, Deldrin, Heptachlor, Heptachlor epoxide, Endrin, Endosulfun I and II, DDT, DDE, DDD, Alpha, Beta, Gamma BHC and two plants namely, Water Hyacinth and Slvinia Molesta were used in the system using pot experiment which processed for 11 days. A consortium was inoculated in both plants to increase its efficiency. Water samples were processed using liquide-liquid extraction. Sediments and roots samples were processed using Soxhlet method followed by clean-up and Gas Chromatography. Delta-BHC was the predominantly found in all samples with mean concentration (ppb) and standard deviation of 0.02 ± 0.14, 0.52 ± 0.68, 0.61 ± 0.06, in Water, Sediments and Roots samples respectively. The highest levels were of Endosulfan II in the samples of water, sediments and roots. Water Hyacinth proved to be better bioaccumulaor as compared to Silvinia Molesta. The pattern of compounds reduction rate by the end of experiment was Delta-BHC>DDD > Alpha-BHC > DDT> Heptachlor> H.Epoxide> Deldrin> Aldrin> Endrin> DDE> Endosulfun I > Endosulfun II. Not much significant difference was observed between the pots with the consortium and pots without the consortium addition. Phytoremediation is a promising technique, but more studies are required to assess the bioremediation potential of different aquatic plants and plant-endophyte relationship. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20plant" title="aquatic plant">aquatic plant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bio%20remediation" title=" bio remediation"> bio remediation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gas%20chromatography" title=" gas chromatography"> gas chromatography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20liquid%20extraction" title=" liquid liquid extraction "> liquid liquid extraction </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124344/application-of-aquatic-plants-for-the-remediation-of-organochlorine-pesticides-from-keenjhar-lake" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124344.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">149</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">393</span> Bioremediation of Arsenic from Industrially Polluted Soil of Vatva, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Makwana">C. Makwana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20R.%20Dave"> S. R. Dave </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Arsenic is toxic to almost all living cells. Its contamination in natural sources affects the growth of microorganisms. The presence of arsenic is associated with various human disorders also. The attempt of this sort of study provides information regarding the performance of our isolated microorganisms in the presence of Arsenic, which have ample scope for bioremediation. Six isolates were selected from the polluted sample of industrial zone Vatva, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, out of which two were Thermophilic organisms. The thermophilic exopolysaccharide (EPS) producing Bacillus was used for microbial enhance oil recovery (MEOR) and in the bio beneficiation. Inorganic arsenic primarily exists in the form of arsenate or arsenite. This arsenic resistance isolate was capable of transforming As +3 to As+5. This isolate would be useful for arsenic remediation standpoint from aquatic systems. The study revealed that the thermophilic microorganism was growing at 55 degree centigrade showed considerable remediation property. The results on the growth and enzyme catalysis would be discussed in response to Arsenic remediation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20systems" title="aquatic systems">aquatic systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermophilic" title=" thermophilic"> thermophilic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exopolysacchride" title=" exopolysacchride"> exopolysacchride</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arsenic" title=" arsenic"> arsenic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37578/bioremediation-of-arsenic-from-industrially-polluted-soil-of-vatva-ahmedabad-gujarat-india" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/37578.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">213</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">392</span> Simulating the Effect of Chlorine on Dynamic of Main Aquatic Species in Urban Lake with a Mini System Dynamic Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiqiang%20Yan">Zhiqiang Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Fan"> Chen Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beicheng%20Xia"> Beicheng Xia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban lakes play an invaluable role in urban water systems such as flood control, landscape, entertainment, and energy utilization, and have suffered from severe eutrophication over the past few years. To investigate the ecological response of main aquatic species and system stability to chlorine interference in shallow urban lakes, a mini system dynamic model, based on the competition and predation of main aquatic species and TP circulation, was developed. The main species of submerged macrophyte, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos and TP in water and sediment were simulated as variables in the model with the interference of chlorine which effect function was attenuation equation. The model was validated by the data which was investigated in the Lotus Lake in Guangzhou from October 1, 2015 to January 31, 2016. Furthermore, the eco-exergy was used to analyze the change in complexity of the shallow urban lake. The results showed the correlation coefficient between observed and simulated values of all components presented significant. Chlorine showed a significant inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginosa，Rachionus plicatilis, Diaphanosoma brachyurum Liévin and Mesocyclops leuckarti (Claus).The outbreak of Spiroggra spp. inhibited the growth of Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara, caused a gradual decrease of eco-exergy, reflecting the breakdown of ecosystem internal equilibria. It was concluded that the study gives important insight into using chlorine to achieve eutrophication control and understand mechanism process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20dynamic%20model" title="system dynamic model">system dynamic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20lake" title=" urban lake"> urban lake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorine" title=" chlorine"> chlorine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-exergy" title=" eco-exergy"> eco-exergy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70007/simulating-the-effect-of-chlorine-on-dynamic-of-main-aquatic-species-in-urban-lake-with-a-mini-system-dynamic-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70007.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">209</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">391</span> Construction of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation Index through Global Sensitivity Analysis of Radiative Transfer Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guanhua%20Zhou">Guanhua Zhou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhongqi%20Ma"> Zhongqi Ma</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in wetlands can absorb nitrogen and phosphorus effectively to prevent the eutrophication of water. It is feasible to monitor the distribution of SAV through remote sensing, but for the reason of weak vegetation signals affected by water body, traditional terrestrial vegetation indices are not applicable. This paper aims at constructing SAV index to enhance the vegetation signals and distinguish SAV from water body. The methodology is as follows: (1) select the bands sensitive to the vegetation parameters based on global sensitivity analysis of SAV canopy radiative transfer model; (2) take the soil line concept as reference, analyze the distribution of SAV and water reflectance simulated by SAV canopy model and semi-analytical water model in the two-dimensional space built by different sensitive bands; (3)select the band combinations which have better separation performance between SAV and water, and use them to build the SAVI indices in the form of normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI); (4)analyze the sensitivity of indices to the water and vegetation parameters, choose the one more sensitive to vegetation parameters. It is proved that index formed of the bands with central wavelengths in 705nm and 842nm has high sensitivity to chlorophyll content in leaves while it is less affected by water constituents. The model simulation shows a general negative, little correlation of SAV index with increasing water depth. Moreover, the index enhances capabilities in separating SAV from water compared to NDVI. The SAV index is expected to have potential in parameter inversion of wetland remote sensing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=global%20sensitivity%20analysis" title="global sensitivity analysis">global sensitivity analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=radiative%20transfer%20model" title=" radiative transfer model"> radiative transfer model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=submerged%20aquatic%20vegetation" title=" submerged aquatic vegetation"> submerged aquatic vegetation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vegetation%20indices" title=" vegetation indices"> vegetation indices</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75775/construction-of-submerged-aquatic-vegetation-index-through-global-sensitivity-analysis-of-radiative-transfer-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/75775.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">262</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">390</span> Pioneering Conservation of Aquatic Ecosystems under Australian Law</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gina%20M.%20Newton">Gina M. Newton </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Australia’s Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (EPBC Act) is the premiere, national law under which species and 'ecological communities' (i.e., like ecosystems) can be formally recognised and 'listed' as threatened across all jurisdictions. The listing process involves assessment against a range of criteria (similar to the IUCN process) to demonstrate conservation status (i.e., vulnerable, endangered, critically endangered, etc.) based on the best available science. Over the past decade in Australia, there’s been a transition from almost solely terrestrial to the first aquatic threatened ecological community (TEC or ecosystem) listings (e.g., River Murray, Macquarie Marshes, Coastal Saltmarsh, Salt-wedge Estuaries). All constitute large areas, with some including multiple state jurisdictions. Development of these conservation and listing advices has enabled, for the first time, a more forensic analysis of three key factors across a range of aquatic and coastal ecosystems: -the contribution of invasive species to conservation status, -how to demonstrate and attribute decline in 'ecological integrity' to conservation status, and, -identification of related priority conservation actions for management. There is increasing global recognition of the disproportionate degree of biodiversity loss within aquatic ecosystems. In Australia, legislative protection at Commonwealth or State levels remains one of the strongest conservation measures. Such laws have associated compliance mechanisms for breaches to the protected status. They also trigger the need for environment impact statements during applications for major developments (which may be denied). However, not all jurisdictions have such laws in place. There remains much opposition to the listing of freshwater systems – for example, the River Murray (Australia's largest river) and Macquarie Marshes (an internationally significant wetland) were both disallowed by parliament four months after formal listing. This was mainly due to a change of government, dissent from a major industry sector, and a 'loophole' in the law. In Australia, at least in the immediate to medium-term time frames, invasive species (aliens, native pests, pathogens, etc.) appear to be the number one biotic threat to the biodiversity and ecological function and integrity of our aquatic ecosystems. Consequently, this should be considered a current priority for research, conservation, and management actions. Another key outcome from this analysis was the recognition that drawing together multiple lines of evidence to form a 'conservation narrative' is a more useful approach to assigning conservation status. This also helps to addresses a glaring gap in long-term ecological data sets in Australia, which often precludes a more empirical data-driven approach. An important lesson also emerged – the recognition that while conservation must be underpinned by the best available scientific evidence, it remains a 'social and policy' goal rather than a 'scientific' goal. Communication, engagement, and 'politics' necessarily play a significant role in achieving conservation goals and need to be managed and resourced accordingly. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20ecosystem%20conservation" title="aquatic ecosystem conservation">aquatic ecosystem conservation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conservation%20law" title=" conservation law"> conservation law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20integrity" title=" ecological integrity"> ecological integrity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=invasive%20species" title=" invasive species"> invasive species</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126914/pioneering-conservation-of-aquatic-ecosystems-under-australian-law" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126914.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">389</span> Composition, Abundance and Diversity of Zooplankton in Sarangani Bay, Sarangani Province, Philippines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeter%20Canete">Jeter Canete</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noreen%20Joyce%20Estrella"> Noreen Joyce Estrella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yedda%20Sachi%20Patrice%20Madelo"> Yedda Sachi Patrice Madelo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Zooplankton plays a crucial role in aquatic ecosystems and a number of water parameters involved in it. Despite their relevance, there is inadequate information about zooplankton communities in Sarangani Bay, Sarangani Province: one of the most essential waterbodies in Mindanao. The aim of the present study was to determine the composition, abundance, and diversity of zooplankton as well as to provide more recent data about the physico-chemical characteristics of Sarangani Bay. Zooplankton samples were collected by vertical hauls using a zooplankton net (mouth diameter: 0.5m; mesh size opening: round, 350μm) in three stations in the coastal waters of Alabel, Malapatan, and Maasim during November 2018. A total of 74 species of zooplankton belonging mainly to Kingdom Protozoa, Phylum Arthropoda, Chaetognatha, and Chordata were identified. Results showed a total zooplankton abundance of 1,984,166 ind/m³ with the highest count recorded at Malapatan (717,169 ind/m³) and the lowest at Maasim (624,411 ind/m³). Among 22 zooplankton groups identified, subclass Copepoda was found to be the most dominant (73.10%), followed by Appendicularia (12.18%) and Vertebrata (3.54%). Diversity analysis revealed an even distribution of species and a diverse ecosystem in all stations sampled. Correlation analysis indicated a strong relationship between zooplankton abundance and physico-chemical parameters. Overall, the physico-chemical profile of Sarangani Bay did not differ from the standards set by DENR, and analysis of the zooplankton communities revealed that Sarangani Bay favorably supports marine organisms to flourish. The findings of this study provide useful knowledge on zooplankton communities and can be used to create management strategies to protect the aquatic biodiversity in Sarangani Bay. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20biomonitoring" title="aquatic biomonitoring">aquatic biomonitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biodiversity" title=" biodiversity"> biodiversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physicochemical%20analysis" title=" physicochemical analysis"> physicochemical analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=population%20survey" title=" population survey"> population survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarangani%20Bay" title=" Sarangani Bay"> Sarangani Bay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sarangani%20Province" title=" Sarangani Province"> Sarangani Province</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zooplankton" title=" zooplankton"> zooplankton</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119629/composition-abundance-and-diversity-of-zooplankton-in-sarangani-bay-sarangani-province-philippines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119629.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">388</span> Dynamic Modeling of the Impact of Chlorine on Aquatic Species in Urban Lake Ecosystem</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhiqiang%20Yan">Zhiqiang Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Fan"> Chen Fan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yafei%20Wang"> Yafei Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beicheng%20Xia"> Beicheng Xia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Urban lakes play an invaluable role in urban water systems such as flood control, water supply, and public recreation. However, over 38% of the urban lakes have suffered from severe eutrophication in China. Chlorine that could remarkably inhibit the growth of phytoplankton in eutrophic, has been widely used in the agricultural, aquaculture and industry in the recent past. However, little information has been reported regarding the effects of chlorine on the lake ecosystem, especially on the main aquatic species.To investigate the ecological response of main aquatic species and system stability to chlorine interference in shallow urban lakes, a mini system dynamic model was developed based on the competition and predation of main aquatic species and total phosphorus circulation. The main species of submerged macrophyte, phytoplankton, zooplankton, benthos, spiroggra and total phosphorus in water and sediment were used as variables in the model,while the interference of chlorine on phytoplankton was represented by an exponential attenuation equation. Furthermore, the eco-exergy expressing the development degree of ecosystem was used to quantify the complexity of the shallow urban lake. The model was validated using the data collected in the Lotus Lake in Guangzhoufrom1 October 2015 to 31 January 2016.The correlation coefficient (R), root mean square error-observations standard deviation ratio (RSR) and index of agreement (IOA) were calculated to evaluate accuracy and reliability of the model.The simulated values showed good qualitative agreement with the measured values of all components. The model results showed that chlorine had a notable inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginos，Rachionus plicatilis, Diaphanosoma brachyurum Liévin and Mesocyclops leuckarti (Claus).The outbreak of Spiroggra.spp. inhibited the growth of Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara, leading to a gradual decrease of eco-exergy and the breakdown of ecosystem internal equilibria. This study gives important insight into using chlorine to achieve eutrophication control and understand mechanism process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=system%20dynamic%20model" title="system dynamic model">system dynamic model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban%20lake" title=" urban lake"> urban lake</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chlorine" title=" chlorine"> chlorine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eco-exergy" title=" eco-exergy"> eco-exergy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70021/dynamic-modeling-of-the-impact-of-chlorine-on-aquatic-species-in-urban-lake-ecosystem" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">235</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">387</span> Surface Sterilization of Aquatic Plant, Cryptopcoryne affinis by Using Clorox and Mercury Chloride</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sridevi%20Devadas">Sridevi Devadas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed to examine the combination efficiency of Clorox (5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite) and mercury chloride (HgCl2) as reagent for surface sterilization process of aquatic plant, Cryptocoryne affinis (C. affinis). The treatment applied 10% of the Clorox and 0.1 ppm of mercury chloride. The maximum exposure time for Clorox and mercury chloride was 10 min and 60 sec respectively. After exposed to the treatments protocols (T1-T15) the explants were transferred to culture room under control temperature at 25°C ± 2°C and subjected to 16 hours fluorescence light (2000 lumens) for 30 days. The both sterilizing agents were not applied on control specimens. Upon analysis, the result indicates all of the treatments protocols produced sterile explants at range of minimum 1.5 ± 0.7 (30%) to maximum 5.0 ± 0.0 (100%). Meanwhile, maximum 1.0 ± 0.7 numbers of leaves and 1.4 ± 0.6 numbers of roots have been produced. The optimized exposure time was 0 to 15 min for Clorox and 30 sec for HgCl2 whereby 90% to 100% sterilization was archived at this condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cryptocoryne%20affinis" title="Cryptocoryne affinis">Cryptocoryne affinis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20sterilization" title=" surface sterilization"> surface sterilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20culture" title=" tissue culture"> tissue culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clorox" title=" clorox"> clorox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury%20chloride" title=" mercury chloride "> mercury chloride </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1961/surface-sterilization-of-aquatic-plant-cryptopcoryne-affinis-by-using-clorox-and-mercury-chloride" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1961.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">600</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">386</span> Surface Sterilization Of Aquatic Plant, Cryptocoryne affinis by Using Clorox and Mercury Chloride</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sridevi%20Devadas">Sridevi Devadas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was aimed to examine the combination efficiency of Clorox (5.25% Sodium Hypochlorite) and mercury chloride (HgCl2) as a reagent for surface sterilization process of aquatic plant and cryptocoryne affinis (C. affinis). The treatment applied 10% of the Clorox and 0.1ppm of mercury chloride. The maximum exposure time for clorox and mercury chloride was 10min and 60sec respectively. After exposed to the treatments protocols (T1-T15) the explants were transferred to culture room under control temperature at 25°C ± 2°C and subjected to 16 hours fluorescence light (2000 lumens) for 30 days. The both sterilizing agents were not applied on control specimens. Upon analysis, The result indicates all of the treatments protocols produced sterile explants at range of minimum 1.5 ± 0.7 (30%) to maximum 5.0 ± 0.0 (100%). Meanwhile, maximum 1.0 ± 0.7 numbers of leaves and 1.4 ± 0.6 numbers of roots have been produced. The optimized exposure time was 0 to 15 min for Clorox and 30 sec for HgCl2 whereby 90% to 100% sterilization was archived at this condition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cryptocoryne%20affinis" title="Cryptocoryne affinis">Cryptocoryne affinis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20sterilization" title=" surface sterilization"> surface sterilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tissue%20culture" title=" tissue culture"> tissue culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clorox" title=" clorox"> clorox</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mercury%20chloride" title=" mercury chloride "> mercury chloride </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1962/surface-sterilization-of-aquatic-plant-cryptocoryne-affinis-by-using-clorox-and-mercury-chloride" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1962.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">380</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">385</span> Adsorption of Malachite Green Dye onto Industrial Waste Materials: Full Factorial Design </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Semra%20%C3%87oruh">Semra Çoruh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Tibet"> Yusuf Tibet</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Dyes are widely used in industries such as textiles, paper, paints, leather, rubber, plastics, cosmetics, food, and drug etc, to color their products. Due to their chemical structures, dyes are resistant to fading on exposure to light, water and many chemicals and, therefore, are difficult to be decolorized once released into the aquatic environment. Many of the organic dyes are hazardous and may affect aquatic life and even the food chain. This study deals with the adsorption of malachite green dye onto fly ash and red mud. The effects of experimental factors (adsorbent dosage, initial concentration, pH and temperature) on the adsorption process were examined by using 24 full factorial design. The results were statistically analyzed by using the student’s t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA) and an F-test to define important experimental factors and their levels. A regression model that considers the significant main and interaction effects was suggested. The results showed that initial dye concentration an pH is the most significant factor that affects the removal of malachite green. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=malachite%20green" title="malachite green">malachite green</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=red%20mud" title=" red mud"> red mud</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fly%20ash" title=" fly ash"> fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=full%20factorial%20design" title=" full factorial design"> full factorial design</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21950/adsorption-of-malachite-green-dye-onto-industrial-waste-materials-full-factorial-design" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21950.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">476</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20macroinvertebrates&page=1" rel="prev">&lsaquo;</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20macroinvertebrates&page=1">1</a></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">2</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20macroinvertebrates&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquatic%20macroinvertebrates&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" 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